Edgar Filing: NN INC

Document

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q



☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2018



☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number 000-23486

NN, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



Delaware		62-1096725
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

6210 Ardrey Kell Road

Charlotte, North Carolina 28277

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

(980) 264-4300

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):



Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☒

Non-accelerated filer	☐ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Smaller reporting company	☐

		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of August 2, 2018, there were 27,729,375 shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding.

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NN, Inc.

INDEX



PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION		3

Item 1.	Financial Statements	3

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	28

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	40

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	41

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION		43

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	43

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	43
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	43
Item 3.	Defaults upon Senior Securities	43
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	44
Item 5.	Other Information	44
Item 6.	Exhibits	45
SIGNATURES		46

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION


Item 1.	Financial Statements

NN, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(Unaudited)

Amounts in thousands of dollars, except per share data



	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Net sales	$	196,349		$	157,947		$	365,497		$	315,502
Cost of sales (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)	148,640			114,514			275,084			228,994
Selling, general and administrative expense	26,641			18,004			48,818			34,645
Acquisition related costs excluded from selling, general and administrative expense	3,437			—			5,213			—
Depreciation and amortization	16,258			13,051			30,539			25,622
Other operating expense (income)	74			(270		)	96			(270		)
Restructuring and integration expense	1,591			6			2,346			17
Income (loss) from operations	(292		)	12,642			3,401			26,494
Interest expense	15,988			12,338			27,984			27,177
Loss on extinguishment of debt and write-off of debt issuance costs	12,938			39,639			12,938			39,639
Derivative loss on change in interest rate swap fair value	—			101			—			13
Other (income) expense, net	1,887			285			1,574			(437		)
Loss from continuing operations before benefit for income taxes and share of net income from joint venture	(31,105		)	(39,721		)	(39,095		)	(39,898		)
Benefit for income taxes	5,947			12,103			7,123			12,480
Share of net income from joint venture	647			1,244			1,478			2,937
Loss from continuing operations	(24,511		)	(26,374		)	(30,494		)	(24,481		)
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax (Note 2)	—			5,236			—			10,754
Net loss	$	(24,511	)	$	(21,138	)	$	(30,494	)	$	(13,727	)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation gain (loss)	$	(15,781	)	$	9,511		$	(10,316	)	$	14,616
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	(15,781	)	$	9,511		$	(10,316	)	$	14,616
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	(40,292	)	$	(11,627	)	$	(40,810	)	$	889
Basic net loss per share:
Loss from continuing operations per share	$	(0.89	)	$	(0.96	)	$	(1.10	)	$	(0.89	)
Income from discontinued operations per share	—			0.19			—			0.39
Net loss per share	$	(0.89	)	$	(0.77	)	$	(1.10	)	$	(0.50	)
Weighted average shares outstanding	27,696			27,468			27,632			27,358
Diluted net loss per share:
Loss from continuing operations per share	$	(0.89	)	$	(0.96	)	$	(1.10	)	$	(0.89	)
Income from discontinued operations per share	—			0.19			—			0.39
Net loss per share	$	(0.89	)	$	(0.77	)	$	(1.10	)	$	(0.50	)
Weighted average shares outstanding	27,696			27,468			27,632			27,358
Cash dividends per common share	$	0.07		$	0.07		$	0.14		$	0.14

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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NN, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)

Amounts in thousands of dollars



	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	23,207	$	224,446
Accounts receivable, net	147,449		108,446
Inventories	116,136		82,617
Income tax receivable	51,682		43,253
Other current assets	24,494		18,518
Total current assets	362,968		477,280
Property, plant and equipment, net	334,021		259,280
Goodwill	617,814		454,612
Intangible assets, net	394,664		237,702
Investment in joint venture	40,515		39,822
Other non-current assets	11,102		6,307
Total assets	$	1,761,084	$	1,475,003
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	55,066	$	52,990
Accrued salaries, wages and benefits	28,429		21,145
Current maturities of long-term debt	29,809		17,283
Other current liabilities	25,129		17,003
Total current liabilities	138,433		108,421
Deferred tax liabilities	117,781		71,564
Non-current income tax payable	5,327		5,593
Long-term debt, net of current portion	1,040,434		790,805
Other non-current liabilities	15,795		12,516
Total liabilities	1,317,770		988,899
Commitments and contingencies (Note 12)
Total stockholders’ equity	443,314		486,104
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	1,761,084	$	1,475,003

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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NN, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity

(Unaudited)

Amounts in thousands of dollars and shares



	Number of shares		Par value		Additional paid in capital			Retained earnings			Accumulated other comprehensive loss			Total
Balance, December 31, 2017	27,572		$	275	$	292,494		$	211,080		$	(17,745	)	$	486,104
Net loss	—		—		—			(30,494		)	—			(30,494		)
Dividends declared	—		—		—			(3,884		)	—			(3,884		)
Share-based compensation expense	165		2		2,332			—			—			2,334
Shares issued for option exercises	27		—		274			—			—			274
Restricted shares and performance shares forgiven for taxes and forfeited	(35	)	—		(720		)	—			—			(720		)
Foreign currency translation gain (loss)	—		—		—			—			(10,316		)	(10,316		)
Adoption of new accounting standard (Note 1)	—		—		—			16			—			16
Balance, June 30, 2018	27,729		$	277	$	294,380		$	176,718		$	(28,061	)	$	443,314

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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NN, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

Amounts in thousands of dollars



	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017
Cash flows from operating activities
Net loss	$	(30,494	)	$	(13,727	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used by) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization of continuing operations	30,539			25,622
Depreciation and amortization of discontinued operations	—			6,111
Amortization of debt issuance costs	2,313			2,153
Loss on extinguishment of debt and write-off of debt issuance costs	12,938			39,639
Share of net income from joint venture, net of cash dividends received	(1,478		)	(2,937		)
Compensation expense from issuance of share-based awards	2,334			2,218
Other	180			102
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
Accounts receivable	(17,256		)	(20,062		)
Inventories	(10,742		)	(5,945		)
Accounts payable	(4,653		)	1,339
Income taxes receivable	(8,695		)	(10,612		)
Other	5,589			(8,136		)
Net cash provided by (used by) operating activities	(19,425		)	15,765
Cash flows from investing activities
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment	(28,888		)	(20,658		)
Cash paid to acquire businesses, net of cash received	(393,481		)	—
Other	625			624
Net cash provided by (used by) investing activities	(421,744		)	(20,034		)
Cash flows from financing activities
Cash paid for debt issuance or prepayment costs	(16,703		)	(38,130		)
Dividends paid	(3,854		)	(3,838		)
Proceeds from long-term debt	270,000			317,000
Repayment of long-term debt	(16,000		)	(266,874		)
Proceeds from (repayments of) short-term debt, net	9,703			(101		)
Other	(2,410		)	120
Net cash provided by (used by) financing activities	240,736			8,177
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash flows	(806		)	853
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	(201,239		)	4,761
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	224,446			14,405			(1)
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	23,207		$	19,166		(2)


(1)	Cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2016, includes $8.1 million of cash and cash equivalents that were included in current assets of discontinued operations.


(2)	Cash and cash equivalents as of June 30, 2017, includes $12.1 million of cash and cash equivalents that were included in current assets of discontinued operations.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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NN, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

June 30, 2018

(Unaudited)

Amounts in thousands of dollars and shares, except per share data

Note 1. Interim Financial Statements

Nature of Business

NN, Inc., is a global diversified industrial company that combines advanced engineering and production capabilities with in-depth materials science expertise to design and manufacture high-precision components and assemblies for the medical, aerospace and defense, electrical, automotive and general industrial markets. As used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the terms “NN,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us” refer to NN, Inc., and its subsidiaries. As of June 30, 2018, we had 51 facilities in North America, Europe, South America and China.

In January 2018, we implemented a new enterprise and management structure designed to accelerate growth and further balance our portfolio by aligning our strategic assets and businesses. Our businesses were reorganized into the Mobile Solutions, Power Solutions, and Life Sciences groups and are based principally on the end markets they serve. The Autocam Precision Components Group reported in our historical financial statements was renamed as Mobile Solutions. The Mobile Solutions group is focused on growth in the general industrial and automotive end markets. The Precision Engineered Products Group reported in our historical financial statements was bifurcated into two new groups – Power Solutions and Life Sciences. The Power Solutions group is focused on growth in the electrical and aerospace and defense end markets. The Life Sciences group is focused on growth in the medical end market.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have not been audited, except that the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2017, was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 (the “2017 Annual Report”), which we filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), on April 2, 2018. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period’s presentation. Historical periods presented reflect reclassifications to reflect discontinued operations (see Note 2). Historical periods also reflect revisions that we disclosed in our 2017 Annual Report (see Note 17). In management’s opinion, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments necessary to fairly state our results of operations for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017; financial position as of June 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017; and cash flows for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, on a basis consistent with our audited consolidated financial statements other than the adoption of new accounting standards, such as revenue recognition. These adjustments are of a normal recurring nature and are, in the opinion of management, necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position and operating results for the interim periods.

Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted from the interim financial statements presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in the 2017 Annual Report. The results for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2018, are not necessarily indicative of results for the year ending December 31, 2018, or any other future periods.

Except for per share data or as otherwise indicated, all dollar amounts presented in the tables in these Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are in thousands.

Prior Periods’ Financial Statement Revision

As disclosed in our 2017 Annual Report, we identified various misstatements in our previously issued 2016 and 2015 annual financial statements and interim periods in 2016 and 2017. These prior period errors related primarily to (i) accounting for income and franchise taxes, (ii) accounting for the gain on the disposition of a business, (iii) accounting for indemnification assets related to a prior acquisition, (iv) accounting for foreign currency transactions, (v) accounting for the translation of foreign subsidiary assets and joint venture, and (vi) other immaterial errors, including errors that had previously been adjusted for as out of period corrections in the periods identified. We assessed the materiality of the misstatements on prior periods’ financial statements in accordance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) Topic 1.M, Materiality, codified in Accounting

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Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 250, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections, (“ASC 250”) and concluded that the misstatements were not material to any prior annual or interim periods.

In accordance with ASC 250 (SAB Topic 1.N, Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements), we revised our previously issued 2016 and 2015 annual financial statements in our 2017 Annual Report. Accordingly, in connection with this Quarterly Report, we are revising our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) and our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, the related notes, and other financial information for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2017, to correct for those misstatements that impacted such period. We will revise the remaining 2017 previously issued quarterly financial statements in connection with future 2018 filings on our Form 10-Q. Refer to Note 17 for reconciliations between as originally reported and as revised quarterly amounts.

Accounting Standards Recently Adopted

Revenue Recognition. On January 1, 2018, we adopted ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, (“ASC 606”). We adopted ASC 606 utilizing the modified retrospective transition method. Under this transition method, we recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying the new standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of January 1, 2018, and applied the new standard beginning with the most current period presented to contracts that were not completed at the date of initial application. The adoption adjustment, which was less than $0.1 million, represents the net profit on certain contracts that were accounted for on a consignment basis under ASC Topic 605, Revenue Recognition, (“ASC 605”) Under ASC 605, a sale was not recognized under these consignment contracts until the inventory was used by our customers. Under the new standard, revenue is recognized earlier since the transfer of control to our customers occurs upon shipment from our facilities as our customers have obtained the ability to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from, the asset. Comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods. We expect the impact of the adoption of the new standard to be immaterial to our results of operations on an ongoing basis. See Note 13 for the required disclosures related to the impact of adopting ASC 606 and a discussion of our updated policies related to revenue recognition and accounting for costs to obtain and fulfill a customer contract.

Definition of a Business. In January 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business, which changes the definition of a business. The new guidance requires an entity to first evaluate whether substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets. If that threshold is met, the set of assets and activities is not a business. If the threshold is not met, the entity evaluates whether the set meets the definition of a business. The new definition requires a business to include at least one substantive process and narrows the definition of outputs by more closely aligning it with how outputs are described in the new revenue recognition guidance. The new guidance was effective for us beginning on January 1, 2018. We have applied the new definition of a business prospectively to any transactions occurring in 2018 or later. The new guidance will have no effect on our historical financial statements.

Statement of Cash Flows. In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (a consensus of the Emerging Issues Task Force). This guidance provides clarification on how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified on the statement of cash flows, with focus on eight specific areas in which cash flows have, in practice, been presented inconsistently. The guidance was effective for NN beginning January 1, 2018, and is required to be adopted using a retrospective approach if practicable.

The new cash flow guidance requires that cash payments for debt prepayment costs be classified as cash outflows for financing activities. We paid $31.6 million for debt prepayment costs in April 2017. These debt prepayment costs were previously classified as cash used by operating activities in 2017. Under the new guidance, these costs are reclassified to cash used by financing activities when these comparable periods are presented in future filings.

The new guidance also requires entities to make an accounting policy election regarding classification of distributions received from equity method investees. Existing guidance does not currently address how an entity should determine which distributions represent returns on versus returns of investment. The lack of specific guidance has resulted in diversity in practice. The two allowable approaches are the “cumulative earnings” approach and the “nature of the distribution” approach, as defined by ASU 2016-15. Upon adoption of the new guidance on January 1, 2018, we utilized the cumulative earnings approach for classifying distributions received from our joint venture investment (see Note 8). This policy election is consistent with our historical accounting.

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Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

Leases. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. ASU 2016-02 creates Topic 842, Leases, in the ASC and supersedes ASC 840, Leases. Entities that hold numerous equipment and real estate leases, in particular those with numerous operating leases, will be most affected by the new guidance. The lease accounting standard is effective for NN beginning January 1, 2019, with modified retrospective adoption required and early adoption permitted. The amendments in ASU 2016-02 are expected to impact our balance sheet by adding lease-related assets and liabilities. This may affect compliance with contractual agreements and loan covenants, if not addressed within the credit facility. We have performed inquiries within group locations and compiled information on operating and capital leases. We are using the results of these inquiries and compiled information to evaluate the impacts of the lease accounting standard on our financial position, results of operations, and related disclosures. Upon adoption, we expect to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for nearly all of our leases that are currently classified as operating leases and are therefore not recorded on the balance sheet. We are in the process of gathering information that will enable us to estimate the amounts of those assets and liabilities.

Goodwill. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, that eliminates the requirement to calculate the implied fair value of goodwill (i.e., Step 2 of the current goodwill impairment test) to measure a goodwill impairment charge. Instead, entities will record an impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value (i.e., measure the charge based on the current Step 1 test). The standard is effective for us beginning with impairment tests performed on or after January 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact this new guidance is expected to have on our financial position or results of operations and related disclosures.

Effects of Tax Reform in Other Comprehensive Income. In February 2018, the FASB issued guidance related to the impacts of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (“Tax Act”). Under existing U.S. GAAP, the effects of changes in tax rates and laws on deferred tax balances are recorded as a component of income tax expense in the period in which the law was enacted. When deferred tax balances related to items originally recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) are adjusted, certain tax effects become stranded in AOCI. The FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, that permits reclassification of certain income tax effects of the Act from AOCI to retained earnings. The guidance also requires certain disclosures about stranded tax effects. ASU 2018-02 is effective for us on January 1, 2019, with early adoption in any period permitted. Entities may adopt the guidance using either at the beginning of the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Act is recognized. We are in the process of evaluating adoption method and the effects of this new guidance on our financial statements.

Note 2. Discontinued Operations

On August 17, 2017, we completed the sale of our global precision bearing components business (the “PBC Business”). The PBC Business included all our facilities that were engaged in the production of precision steel balls, steel rollers, and metal retainers and automotive specialty products used primarily in the bearing industry. The sale of the PBC Business furthers management’s long-term strategy to build a diversified industrial business with a comprehensive geographic footprint in attractive high-growth market segments. The PBC Business represented all of the Precision Bearing Components Group reportable segment disclosed in our historical financial statements.

In accordance with ASC 205-20, Presentation of Financial Statements – Discontinued Operations, the operating results of the PBC Business for the six months ended June 30, 2017, are classified as discontinued operations. The presentation of discontinued operations includes revenues and expenses of the discontinued operations, net of tax, as one line item on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). All historical Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) presented have been revised to reflect this presentation. Accordingly, results of the PBC Business have been excluded from continuing operations and group results for all periods presented in the condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes unless otherwise stated. The Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2017, includes cash flows of the PBC Business in each line item unless otherwise stated.

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The following table summarizes the major line items included in the results of operations of the discontinued operations.



	Three Months Ended June 30, 2017		Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
Net sales	$	67,928	$	136,687
Cost of sales (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)	51,526		104,485
Selling, general and administrative expense	4,768		9,121
Depreciation and amortization	3,102		6,111
Restructuring and integration expense	300		429

Income from operations	8,232		16,541
Interest expense (income)	71		188
Other expense (income), net	20		18

Income from discontinued operations before provision for income taxes	8,141		16,335
Provision for income taxes	2,905		5,581

Income from discontinued operations, net of tax	$	5,236	$	10,754

The following table presents the significant noncash items and cash paid for capital expenditures of discontinued operations.



	Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
Depreciation and amortization	$	6,111
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment	$	5,208

Note 3. Acquisitions

Bridgemedica, LLC

On February 22, 2018, we completed the acquisition of 100% of the assets of Bridgemedica, LLC (“Bridgemedica”). For accounting purposes, Bridgemedica meets the definition of a business and has been accounted for as a business combination. Bridgemedica is a medical device company that provides concept to supply solutions through design, development engineering and manufacturing. Operating results of Bridgemedica are reported prospectively in our Life Sciences group after the acquisition date. We have finalized certain working capital adjustments and are in the process of completing the integration of the Bridgemedica business into our operations. Amounts recorded for preliminary goodwill and intangible assets are disclosed in Note 6 and Note 7, respectively, and are subject to completion of our integration procedures.

Paragon Medical, Inc.

On May 7, 2018, we acquired 100% of the stock of PMG Intermediate Holding Corporation, the parent company of Paragon Medical, Inc. (“Paragon Medical”) for a base purchase price of $375.0 million in cash, subject to certain adjustments. After estimated working capital and other closing adjustments, the cash purchase price was approximately $391.0 million which included $13.4 million in cash acquired. We paid cash of $392.2 million and recorded a receivable of approximately $1.3 million in other current assets for the balance. For accounting purposes, Paragon Medical meets the definition of a business and has been accounted for as a business combination. Paragon Medical is a medical device manufacturer which focuses on the orthopedic, case and tray, implant and instrument markets. This acquisition continues our strategic focus to expand our Life Sciences portfolio as well as create a balanced business by diversifying our products and finished device offerings. Operating results of Paragon Medical are reported prospectively from the date of acquisition in our Life Sciences group. We have performed a preliminary assessment of the opening balance sheet and purchase price allocation which is subject to completion of working capital adjustments and fair value estimates. Opening balance sheet deferred taxes have been recorded based on estimates made as of the acquisition date as well as information currently available to management. As estimates are refined and additional information is received throughout the measurement period, adjustments to opening deferred taxes will be recorded with an offsetting adjustment to goodwill. We incurred new debt in connection with the Paragon Medical acquisition as described in Note 10.

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The following table summarizes the preliminary purchase price allocation for the Paragon Medical acquisition.



Fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed	May 7, 2018
Cash and cash equivalents	$	13,418
Accounts receivable	22,853
Inventories	23,606
Other current assets	937
Property, plant and equipment	69,322
Intangible assets subject to amortization	164,200
Other non-current assets	3,304
Goodwill	157,421
Total assets acquired	$	455,061
Current liabilities	$	16,767
Deferred tax liability	46,713
Other non-current liabilities	620
Total liabilities assumed	$	64,100
Net assets acquired	$	390,961

A combination of income, market, and cost approaches were used for the valuation where appropriate, depending on the asset or liability being valued. Valuation inputs in these models and analyses gave consideration to market participant assumptions. Acquired intangible assets are primarily customer relationships. As of June 30, 2018, intangible assets in connection with Paragon Medical were $163.3 million after post-acquisition amortization.

In connection with the Paragon Medical acquisition, we recorded goodwill, which represents the excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value of tangible and intangible assets acquired, net of liabilities assumed. As of June 30, 2018, goodwill in connection with Paragon Medical was approximately $155.6 million after post-acquisition currency impacts. The goodwill is attributed primarily to Paragon Medical as a going concern, the assembled workforce, and the fair value of expected cost synergies, and revenue growth from combining the NN and Paragon Medical life sciences businesses. The going concern element represents the ability to earn a higher return on the combined assembled collection of assets and businesses of Paragon Medical than if those assets and businesses were to be acquired and managed separately. Approximately $2.8 million of the goodwill relates to prior asset acquisitions by Paragon Medical and is expected to be deducted for tax purposes.

Property, plant and equipment acquired primarily included machinery and equipment for use in manufacturing operations. Additionally, manufacturing sites and related facilities, including leasehold improvements, were acquired. We have performed a preliminary assessment of the fair value of property, plant and equipment using both the cost approach and the market approach. The preliminary assessment was supported where available by observable market data which includes consideration of obsolescence. We have performed a preliminary assessment of the fair value of intangible assets using the income approach, supported by market data, by using the relief from royalty and multi-period excess earnings methods.

We incurred approximately $4.9 million in acquisition related costs with respect to Paragon Medical during the six months ended June 30, 2018. Transaction costs were expensed as incurred and are included in the “Acquisition related costs excluded from selling, general and administrative expense” line item in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). We expensed $12.9 million of financing costs related to the Paragon Medical acquisition during the six months ended June 30, 2018, which are included in the "Loss on extinguishment of debt and write-off of debt issuance costs" line item in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). As required by the acquisition method of accounting, acquired inventories were recorded at their estimated fair value. Beginning May 7, 2018, our consolidated results of operations include the results of Paragon Medical. Since the date of the acquisition, net sales of $27.1 million and income from operations of $1.7 million has been included in our condensed consolidated financial statements.

The unaudited pro forma financial results shown in the table below for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, combine the consolidated results of NN and Paragon Medical giving effect to the Paragon Medical acquisition as if it had been completed on January 1, 2017, the beginning of the comparable prior annual reporting period presented. The unaudited pro forma financial results do not give effect to any of our other acquisitions that occurred after January 1, 2017, and do not include any anticipated synergies or other assumed benefits of the Paragon Medical acquisition. This unaudited pro forma financial

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information is presented for informational purposes only and is not indicative of future operations or results had the Paragon Medical acquisition been completed as of January 1, 2017.

The unaudited pro forma financial results include certain adjustments for additional depreciation and amortization expense based upon the fair value step-up and estimated useful lives of Paragon Medical depreciable fixed assets and definite-life amortizable assets acquired. The provision for income taxes has also been adjusted for all periods, based upon the foregoing adjustments to historical results. The impact of adopting ASC 606 has been included based on an adoption date of January 1, 2018.



	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Pro forma net sales	$	210,902		$	193,578		$	420,731		$	384,846
Pro forma income (loss) from continuing operations	$	(12,017	)	$	(29,092	)	$	(20,078	)	$	(44,238	)
Pro forma net income (loss)	$	(12,017	)	$	(23,856	)	$	(20,078	)	$	(33,484	)
Basic income (loss) from continuing operations per share	$	(0.43	)	$	(1.06	)	$	(0.73	)	$	(1.62	)
Diluted income (loss) from continuing operations per share	$	(0.43	)	$	(1.06	)	$	(0.73	)	$	(1.62	)

Unaudited pro forma results for the six months ended June 30, 2017, include $14.8 million of inventory fair value adjustments, financing, integration, and transaction costs, net of tax, directly attributable to the acquisition which will not have an ongoing impact. No such costs are present in the unaudited pro forma results for the three months ended June 30, 2017.

Note 4. Segment Information

We determined our reportable segments under the provisions of U.S. GAAP related to disclosures about segments of an enterprise. Management has concluded that Mobile Solutions, Power Solutions, and Life Sciences each constitutes an operating segment as each engages in business activities for which it earns revenues and incurs expenses for which separate financial information is available, and this is the level at which the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) reviews discrete financial information for purposes of allocating resources and assessing performance. In making this determination, management considered the form and content of the financial information that is regularly reviewed by the CODM. As described in Note 1, in January 2018, we implemented a new enterprise and management structure and reorganized our businesses into the Mobile Solutions, Power Solutions and Life Sciences groups based principally on the end markets they serve. In the first quarter of 2018, we began reporting our financial results based on these new reportable segments. Prior year amounts have been restated to conform to the current year presentation.

Mobile Solutions

Mobile Solutions is focused on growth in the general industrial and automotive end markets. We have developed an expertise in manufacturing highly complex, system critical components for fuel systems, engines and transmissions, power steering systems and electromechanical motors on a high-volume basis. This expertise has been gained through investment in technical capabilities, processes and systems, and skilled program management and product launch capabilities.

Power Solutions

Power Solutions is focused on growth in the electrical, and aerospace and defense end markets. Within this group we combine materials science expertise with advanced engineering and production capabilities to design and manufacture a broad range of high-precision metal and plastic components, assemblies and finished devices used in applications ranging from power control to flight control and for military devices.

We manufacture a variety of products including electrical contacts, connectors, contact assemblies and precision stampings for the electrical end market and high precision products for the aerospace and defense end markets utilizing our extensive process technologies for optical grade plastics, thermally conductive plastics, titanium, Inconel, magnesium and electroplating.

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Life Sciences

Life Sciences is focused on growth in the medical end market. Within this group we combine advanced engineering and production capabilities to design and manufacture a broad range of high-precision metal and plastic components, assemblies and finished devices.

We manufacture a variety of components, assemblies and instruments, such as surgical knives, bioresorbable implants, surgical staples, cases and trays, orthopedic implants and tools, laparoscopic devices, and drug delivery devices for the medical and life sciences end market.

Segment Results

The following table presents results of continuing operations for each reportable segment.



	Mobile Solutions		Power Solutions		Life Sciences		Corporate and Consolidations				Total Continuing Operations
Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
Net sales	$	88,079	$	49,820	$	59,153	$	(703	)	(a)	$	196,349
Income (loss) from operations	$	7,380	$	6,000	$	2,041	$	(15,713	)		$	(292	)
Interest expense											(15,988		)
Other											(14,825		)
Loss from continuing operations before benefit for income taxes and share of net income from joint venture											$	(31,105	)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
Net sales	$	177,873	$	98,502	$	90,353	$	(1,231	)	(a)	$	365,497
Income (loss) from operations	$	17,165	$	11,233	$	6,245	$	(31,242	)		$	3,401
Interest expense											(27,984		)
Other											(14,512		)
Loss from continuing operations before benefit for income taxes and share of net income from joint venture											$	(39,095	)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2017
Net sales	$	86,658	$	48,734	$	23,114	$	(559	)		$	157,947
Income (loss) from operations	$	10,688	$	6,819	$	3,798	$	(8,663	)		$	12,642
Interest expense											(12,338		)
Other											(40,025		)
Loss from continuing operations before benefit for income taxes and share of net income from joint venture											$	(39,721	)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
Net sales	$	173,104	$	97,158	$	46,243	$	(1,003	)		$	315,502
Income (loss) from operations	$	21,289	$	13,614	$	7,420	$	(15,829	)		$	26,494
Interest expense											(27,177		)
Other											(39,215		)
Loss from continuing operations before benefit for income taxes and share of net income from joint venture											$	(39,898	)


(a)	Includes eliminations of intersegment transactions occurring during the ordinary course of business.



	Total Assets as of
	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
Mobile Solutions	$	446,111	$	428,321
Power Solutions	390,656		383,063
Life Sciences	811,299		355,703
Corporate and Consolidations	113,018		307,916
Total Continuing Operations	$	1,761,084	$	1,475,003

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The Paragon Medical business acquired on May 7, 2018, contributed $27.1 million to net sales and $1.7 million to income from operations in the Life Sciences group after the acquisition date through June 30, 2018. The Bridgemedica business acquired on February 22, 2018, contributed $3.6 million to net sales and less than $0.1 million to income from operations in the Life Sciences group after the acquisition date through June 30, 2018.

Note 5. Inventories

Inventories are comprised of the following amounts:



	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
Raw materials	$	48,895	$	37,337
Work in process	42,311		27,669
Finished goods	24,930		17,611
Inventories	$	116,136	$	82,617

Note 6. Goodwill

The following table shows changes in the carrying amount of goodwill.



	Mobile Solutions			Power Solutions			Life Sciences			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2017	$	74,147		$	201,881		$	178,584		$	454,612
Currency impacts	(439		)	(384		)	(1,847		)	(2,670		)
Goodwill acquired in acquisitions	—			—			165,454			165,454
Adjustments to goodwill	—			—			418			418
Balance as of June 30, 2018	$	73,708		$	201,497		$	342,609		$	617,814

The goodwill acquired in 2018 is related to the Paragon Medical and Bridgemedica acquisitions as described in Note 3 and is derived from the value of the businesses acquired. We recorded $157.4 million of goodwill related to the Paragon Medical acquisition and $8.0 million of goodwill related to the Bridgemedica acquisition during the six months ended June 30, 2018. We are in the process of analyzing the opening balance sheets and purchase price allocations for these acquisitions. The preliminary fair value of the businesses acquired was based on management business plans and future performance estimates which are subject to a high degree of management judgment and complexity. Actual results may differ from these projections and the differences may be material, leading to measurement period adjustments of this goodwill.

In the first quarter of 2018, as a result of the changes in our organizational and management structure, goodwill was reassigned to operating segments using a relative fair value allocation. For further information on the organizational changes, see Note 1.

Note 7. Intangible Assets, Net

The following table shows changes in the carrying amount of intangible assets, net.



	Mobile Solutions			Power Solutions			Life Sciences			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2017	$	39,446		$	105,030		$	93,226		$	237,702
Amortization	(1,770		)	(5,725		)	(5,490		)	(12,985		)
Currency impacts	(18		)	52			—			34
Intangible assets acquired in acquisitions	—			—			169,913			169,913
Balance as of June 30, 2018	$	37,658		$	99,357		$	257,649		$	394,664

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The following table shows the nature and preliminary weighted average estimated useful lives of intangible assets acquired during the six months ended June 30, 2018. Actual results may differ from these projections and the differences may be material, leading to measurement period adjustments of these intangible assets.



	Gross Carrying Value as of Acquisition Date		Weighted Average Estimated Useful Life in Years
Customer relationships	$	144,900	20
Trademark and trade name	15,400		29
Other	9,613		1
Total intangible assets acquired in current year	$	169,913	19

As of January 1, 2018, as a result of the changes in our organizational and management structure, intangible assets were reassigned to operating segments using a relative fair value allocation. For further information on the organizational changes, see Note 1.

Note 8. Investment in Joint Venture

We own a 49% investment in a joint venture located in Wuxi, China, called Wuxi Weifu Autocam Precision Machinery Company, Ltd. (the “JV”). The JV is jointly controlled and managed, and we account for it under the equity method.

The following table summarizes activity related to our investment in the JV.




Balance as of December 31, 2017	$	39,822
Share of cumulative earnings	1,718
Accretion of basis difference from purchase accounting	(240		)
Foreign currency translation loss	(785		)

Balance as of June 30, 2018	$	40,515

We recognized sales to the JV of $0.2 million and approximately $0.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

The following tables show selected financial data of the JV.



	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
Current assets	$	52,856	$	47,600
Non-current assets	33,985		24,763
Total assets	$	86,841	$	72,363
Current liabilities	$	38,109	$	26,165
Total liabilities	$	38,109	$	26,165



	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Net sales	$	18,111	$	17,473	$	36,114	$	36,584
Cost of sales	$	15,537	$	13,724	$	30,684	$	28,160
Income from operations	$	2,157	$	3,385	$	4,665	$	7,796
Net income	$	1,552	$	2,770	$	3,504	$	6,459

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Note 9. Income Taxes

On December 22, 2017, the U. S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation. The Tax Act reduces the maximum U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% and creates new taxes on certain foreign sourced earnings. In response to the Tax Act, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (“SAB 118”) which allows issuers to recognize provisional estimates of the impact of the Tax Act in their financial statements, or in circumstances where estimates cannot be made, to disclose and recognize at a later date.

For the year ended December 31, 2017, we included in our financial statements provisional charges for the revaluation of our net domestic deferred tax assets and a one-time charge for the deemed repatriation of historic unremitted earnings. During the six months ended June 30, 2018, there were no additional changes to the provisional amounts recorded as of December 31, 2017. The accounting is expected to be completed and disclosed within the one-year measurement period as allowed by SAB 118.

Our effective tax rate from continuing operations was 19.1% and 18.2% for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively, and 30.5% and 31.3% for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively. Our 2018 effective tax rates differ from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21% due to permanent differences including certain provisions of the Tax Act, specifically the base-broadening provision which imposed a new minimum tax on global intangible low-tax income (“GILTI”). Our 2017 effective tax rates differ from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 34% due primarily to earnings outside the U.S. which were taxed at rates lower than the U.S. federal statutory rate.

During the six months ended June 30, 2018, we finalized our accounting policy decision with respect to the new GILTI tax rules and have concluded that GILTI will be treated as a periodic charge in the year in which it arises. Therefore, we will not record deferred taxes for the basis associated with GILTI earnings.

During the third quarter of 2017, the Internal Revenue Service commenced an examination of the federal tax return for the pre-acquisition period of January 1, 2015, through October 19, 2015, for Precision Engineered Products Holdings, LLC, our wholly-owned subsidiary. The examination is ongoing as of June 30, 2018.

Note 10. Debt

The following table presents debt balances as of June 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017.



	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
$545.0 million Senior Secured Term Loan B (“Senior Secured Term Loan”) bearing interest at the greater of 0.75% or one-month LIBOR (2.09% at June 30, 2018), plus an applicable margin of 3.75% at June 30, 2018, expiring October 19, 2022	$	534,250	$	534,250
$300.0 million Incremental Term Loan (“Incremental Term Loan”) bearing interest at one-month LIBOR (2.09% at June 30, 2018), plus an applicable margin of 3.25% at June 30, 2018, expiring April 3, 2021	285,000		291,000
$143.0 million Senior Secured Revolver (“Senior Secured Revolver”) bearing interest at one-month LIBOR (2.09% at June 30, 2018) plus an applicable margin of 3.5% at June 30, 2018, expiring October 19, 2020	67,962		—
$200.0 million Second Lien Facility ("Second Lien") bearing interest at one-month LIBOR (2.09% at June 30, 2018), plus an applicable margin of 8.0% at June 30, 2018, expiring April 19, 2023	200,000		—
International lines of credit and other loans	4,962		3,315
Total	1,092,174		828,565
Less current maturities of long-term debt	29,809		17,283
Principal, net of current portion	1,062,365		811,282
Less unamortized debt issuance costs	21,931		20,477
Long-term debt, net of current portion	$	1,040,434	$	790,805

We capitalized interest costs amounting to $0.3 million and $0.3 million in the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, and $0.5 million and $0.6 million in the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, related to construction in progress.

Collectively, our Senior Secured Term Loan, Incremental Term Loan, and Senior Secured Revolver comprise our credit facility. Our credit facility is subject to certain financial covenants based on a consolidated net leverage ratio, as defined in the credit

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facility agreement. The financial covenants are effective when we have outstanding amounts drawn on our Senior Secured Revolver on the last day of any fiscal quarter and become more restrictive over time. We had $68.0 million outstanding balance on the Senior Secured Revolver as of June 30, 2018, and were in compliance with all covenants under our credit facility and expect to be in compliance with all covenants through June 30, 2019.

Second Lien Credit Agreement

In connection with the Paragon Medical acquisition, we, certain of our subsidiaries named therein, SunTrust Bank, as Administrative Agent, SunTrust Robinson Humphrey, Inc. as Lead Arranger and Bookrunner, and the lenders named therein entered into a Second Lien Credit Agreement (the “Second Lien Credit Agreement”) pursuant to which SunTrust and the other lenders extended to us a $200.0 million secured second lien term loan facility (the “Second Lien Facility”). We utilized the net proceeds from the Second Lien Facility, together with cash on hand, to pay the Paragon Medical purchase price and fees and expenses related to the acquisition. The Second Lien Facility is collateralized by all of our assets. The Second Lien Facility matures on April 19, 2023, and bears interest at either (i) a base rate, plus an applicable margin, or (ii) the greater of the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or 1.00%, plus an applicable margin. The initial applicable margin for all borrowings under the Second Lien Facility is 7.00% per annum with respect to base rate borrowings and 8.00% per annum with respect to LIBOR borrowings. We may voluntarily prepay outstanding loans under the Second Lien Facility, in whole or in part without premium or penalty at any time on or after May 7, 2020. We are subject to a prepayment penalty of 2% of the amount of such loans that we prepay before May 7, 2019. If we prepay any outstanding loans after May 7, 2019, but prior to May 7, 2020, we are subject to a prepayment penalty of 1% of the amount prepaid. The Second Lien Credit Agreement requires us to prepay outstanding loans, subject to certain exceptions, with: (i) a variable percentage of excess cash flow; (ii) 100% of the net cash proceeds of non-ordinary course asset sales or other dispositions of property, and 100% of the net cash proceeds from certain insurance and condemnation events with respect to our assets, subject to customary thresholds and reinvestment rights; and (iii) 100% of the net cash proceeds from the issuance or incurrence of debt obligations for borrowed money not permitted by the Second Lien Credit Agreement.

Amendment to Credit Facility

On May 7, 2018, we entered into an amendment to our existing credit facility to permit the Paragon Medical acquisition, to permit the Second Lien Credit Agreement, and to amend certain covenants. We paid $16.7 million of debt issuance costs related to the amendment. A total of $12.9 million is included in the "Loss on extinguishment of debt and write-off of debt issuance costs" line on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). The remaining $3.8 million is capitalized as a reduction of long-term debt.

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Note 11. Restructuring and Integration

The following table summarizes restructuring and integration charges incurred for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.



	Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
	Mobile Solutions			Power Solutions		Life Sciences		Corporate and Consolidations		Total
Severance and other employee costs	$	—		$	—	$	1,596	$	—	$	1,596
Other	(5		)	—		—		—		(5		)
Total	$	(5	)	$	—	$	1,596	$	—	$	1,591

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
	Mobile Solutions			Power Solutions		Life Sciences		Corporate and Consolidations		Total
Severance and other employee costs	$	—		$	—	$	1,596	$	728	$	2,324
Other	22			—		—		—		22
Total	$	22		$	—	$	1,596	$	728	$	2,346

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2017
	Mobile Solutions			Power Solutions		Life Sciences		Corporate and Consolidations		Total
Severance and other employee costs	$	6		$	—	$	—	$	—	$	6
Total	$	6		$	—	$	—	$	—	$	6

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
	Mobile Solutions			Power Solutions		Life Sciences		Corporate and Consolidations		Total
Severance and other employee costs	$	17		$	—	$	—	$	—	$	17
Total	$	17		$	—	$	—	$	—	$	17

The following table summarizes restructuring and integration reserve activity for the six months ended June 30, 2018.



	Reserve Balance as of December 31, 2017		Charges		Non-cash Adjustments			Cash Reductions			Reserve Balance as of June 30, 2018
Severance and other employee costs	$	—	$	2,324	$	—		$	(252	)	$	2,072
Site closure and other associated costs	1,099		22		(61		)	(740		)	320
Total	$	1,099	$	2,346	$	(61	)	$	(992	)	$	2,392

We recognized severance costs of $0.7 million in the six months ended June 30, 2018, at corporate headquarters related to the restructuring of our former Precision Engineered Products Group to form the Power Solutions and Life Sciences groups effective January 2, 2018.

We recognized severance costs of $1.6 million in the six months ended June 30, 2018, in our Life Sciences group related to the integration of Paragon Medical into our existing business after the acquisition.

The amount accrued for restructuring and integration costs represents what we expect to pay over the next 2.7 years. We expect to pay $1.1 million within the next twelve months.

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Note 12. Commitments and Contingencies

Brazil ICMS Tax Matter

Prior to the acquisition of Autocam Corporation in 2014 (“Autocam”), Autocam’s Brazilian subsidiary received notification from the Brazilian tax authorities regarding ICMS (state value added tax or VAT) tax credits claimed on intermediary materials (tooling and perishable items) used in the manufacturing process. The Brazilian tax authority notification disallowed state ICMS credits claimed on intermediary materials based on the argument that these items are not intrinsically related to the manufacturing processes. Autocam Brazil filed an administrative defense with the Brazilian tax authority arguing, among other matters, that it should qualify for an ICMS tax credit, contending that the intermediary materials are directly related to the manufacturing process.

We believe that we have substantial legal and factual defenses, and we plan to defend our interests in this matter vigorously. While we believe a loss is not probable, we estimate the range of possible losses related to this assessment is from $0 to $6.0 million. No amount was accrued at June 30, 2018, for this matter. There was no material change in the status of this matter from December 31, 2017, to June 30, 2018.

We are entitled to indemnification from the former shareholders of Autocam, subject to the limitations and procedures set forth in the agreement and plan of merger relating to the Autocam acquisition. Management believes the indemnification would include amounts owed for the tax, interest and penalties related to this matter.

All Other Legal Matters

All other legal proceedings are of an ordinary and routine nature and are incidental to our operations. Management believes that such proceedings should not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. In making that determination, we analyze the facts and circumstances of each case at least quarterly in consultation with our attorneys and determine a range of reasonably possible outcomes.

Note 13. Revenue from Contracts with Customers

We adopted ASC 606 on January 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective transition method for all contracts not completed as of the date of adoption. The reported results for 2018 reflect the application of ASC 606 while the reported results for 2017 were prepared under the guidance of ASC 605. The adoption of ASC 606 represents a change in accounting principle that will more closely align revenue recognition with the delivery of our goods and will provide financial statement readers with enhanced disclosures. In accordance with ASC 606, revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to receive in exchange for those goods. To the extent that transaction price includes variable consideration, we estimate the amount of variable consideration that should be included in the transaction price utilizing the expected value method or the most likely amount method depending on the nature of the variable consideration. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price if, in management’s judgment, it is probable that a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue under the contract will not occur.

Revenue is recognized when control of the good or service is transferred to the customer either at a point in time or, in limited circumstances, as our services are rendered over time. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring goods or services.

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The following tables summarize sales to external customers by major source.



	Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
	Mobile Solutions		Power Solutions		Life Sciences		Intersegment Sales Eliminations			Total
United States	$	97,797	$	82,052	$	78,994	$	(1,231	)	$	257,612
China	23,162		2,444		1,438		—			27,044
Mexico	14,472		6,545		339		—			21,356
Brazil	19,522		50		29		—			19,601
Poland	3,971		18		1		—			3,990
Czech Republic	3,371		—		—		—			3,371
Italy	3,139		109		137		—			3,385
Germany	3,085		7		3,817		—			6,909
Switzerland	2,700		29		1,720		—			4,449
Netherlands	—		1,907		—		—			1,907
Other	6,654		5,341		3,878		—			15,873
Total net sales	$	177,873	$	98,502	$	90,353	$	(1,231	)	$	365,497



	Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
	Mobile Solutions		Power Solutions		Life Sciences		Intersegment Sales Eliminations			Total
United States	$	48,142	$	41,924	$	48,441	$	(703	)	$	137,804
China	11,581		959		1,312		—			13,852
Mexico	7,236		3,348		167		—			10,751
Brazil	9,637		—		29		—			9,666
Poland	1,919		4		1		—			1,924
Czech Republic	1,561		—		—		—			1,561
Italy	1,562		11		137		—			1,710
Germany	1,551		—		3,816		—			5,367
Switzerland	1,294		29		1,720		—			3,043
Netherlands	—		933		—		—			933
Other	3,596		2,612		3,530		—			9,738
Total net sales	$	88,079	$	49,820	$	59,153	$	(703	)	$	196,349

Product Sales

We generally transfer control and recognize a sale when we ship the product from our manufacturing facility to our customer, at a point in time, as this is when our customer obtains the ability to direct use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from, the goods. We have elected to recognize the cost for freight and shipping when control over products has transferred to the customer as a component of cost of sales.

We use an observable price to determine the stand-alone selling price for separate performance obligations or a cost-plus-margin approach when an observable price is not available. The expected duration of our contracts is less than one year, and we have elected to apply the practical expedient that allows entities to disregard the effects of financing when the contract length is less than one year. The amount of consideration we receive and the revenue we recognize varies with volume rebates and incentives we offer to our customers. We estimate the amount of variable consideration that should be included in the transaction price utilizing the expected value method or the most likely amount method depending on the nature of the variable consideration. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price if, in our judgment, it is probable that a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue under the contract will not occur.

We have utilized certain practical expedients allowed by the new standard. We intend to utilize the portfolio approach practical expedient to evaluate sales-related discounts on a portfolio basis to contracts with similar characteristics. The effect on our

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financial statements of applying the portfolio approach would not differ materially from applying the new standard to individual contracts.

We give our customers the right to return only defective products in exchange for functioning products or rework of the product. These transactions are evaluated and accounted for under ASC Topic 460, Guarantees, and we estimate the impact to the transaction price based on an analysis of historical experience.

Other Sources of Revenue

We provide pre-production activities related to engineering efforts to develop molds, dies and machines that are owned by our customers. We may receive advance payments from customers which are deferred until satisfying our performance obligations by compliance with customer-specified milestones, recognizing revenue at a point in time. These contracts generally have an original expected duration of less than one year.

The following table provides information about contract liabilities from contracts with customers.



	Deferred Revenue
Balance at January 1, 2018	$	2,124
Balance at June 30, 2018	$	3,372

The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in billed accounts receivable and customer advances and deposits (contract liability) on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. These contract liabilities are reported on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period as deferred revenue. Deferred revenue relates to payments received in advance of performance under the contract and recognized as revenue as (or when) we perform under the contract. Changes in the contract liability balances during the three months and six months ended June 30, 2018, were not materially impacted by any other factors. Revenue recognized during the three months and six months ended June 30, 2018, from amounts included in deferred revenue at the beginning of the period for performance obligations satisfied or partially satisfied during the three months and six months ended June 30, 2018, was approximately $0.7 million and $1.0 million, respectively.

Transaction Price Allocated to Future Performance Obligations

ASC 606 requires that we disclose the aggregate amount of transaction price that is allocated to performance obligations that have not yet been satisfied as of June 30, 2018. The guidance provides certain practical expedients that limit this requirement. Our contracts meet the following practical expedient provided by ASC 606:


•	The performance obligation is part of a contract that has an original expected duration of one year or less.

Costs to Obtain and Fulfill a Contract

Prior to the adoption of ASC 606, we expensed commissions paid to internal sales representatives for obtaining contracts. Under ASC 606, we adopted the practical expedient to recognize commissions paid to internal sales personnel that are incremental to obtaining customer contracts as an expense when incurred since the amortization period is less than one year. The judgments made in determining the amount of costs incurred include whether the commissions are in fact incremental and would not have occurred absent the customer contract. Costs to obtain a contract are expensed as selling, general and administrative expense.

Sales, value add, and other taxes we collect concurrent with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue. Incidental items that are immaterial in the context of the contract are recognized as expense.

Financial Statement Impact of Adopting ASC 606

The following table presents the impact of adoption of ASC 606 on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) and our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. Differences are due to the acceleration in the recognition of revenue to the point of shipment or delivery for contracts where an unconditional obligation to purchase is present for inventory that was considered in consignment under ASC 605.

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	Three Months Ended June 30, 2018									Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
	As Reported			Balances Without Adoption of ASC 606			Effect of Change			As Reported		Balances Without Adoption of ASC 606		Effect of Change
Net sales	$	196,349		$	196,367		$	(18	)	$	365,497	$	365,569	$	(72	)
Cost of sales	148,640			148,631			9			275,084		275,120		(36		)
Income (loss) from operations	(292		)	(265		)	(27		)	3,401		3,437		(36		)

	As of June 30, 2018
	As Reported			Balances Without Adoption of ASC 606			Effect of Change
Accounts receivable, net	$	147,449		$	146,913		$	536
Inventories	116,136			116,470			(334		)

Note 14. Shared-Based Compensation

The following table lists the components of share-based compensation expense by type of award.



	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Stock options	$	152	$	194	$	358	$	575
Restricted stock	397		395		856		855
Performance share units	529		477		1,120		788
Share-based compensation	$	1,078	$	1,066	$	2,334	$	2,218

Stock Options

During the six months ended June 30, 2018, we granted options to purchase 55,300 shares to certain key employees. The weighted average grant date fair value of the options granted during the six months ended June 30, 2018, was $10.68 per share. The fair value of our options cannot be determined by market value because they are not traded in an open market. Accordingly, we utilized the Black Scholes financial pricing model to estimate the fair value. The following table shows the weighted average assumptions relevant to determining the fair value of stock options granted in 2018.



	2018 Stock Option Awards
Expected term	6 years
Risk free interest rate	2.65	%
Dividend yield	1.14	%
Expected volatility	47.78	%
Expected forfeiture rate	4.00	%

The expected term is derived from using the simplified method of determining stock option terms as described under the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 14, Share-based payment. The simplified method was used because sufficient historical stock option exercise experience was not available.

The average risk-free interest rate is derived from United States Department of Treasury published interest rates of daily yield curves for the same time period as the expected term.

The expected dividend yield is derived by a mathematical formula which uses the expected annual dividends over the expected term divided by the fair market value of our common stock at the grant date.

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The expected volatility rate is derived from our actual common stock historical volatility over the same time period as the expected term. The volatility rate is derived by mathematical formula utilizing daily closing price data.

The forfeiture rate is determined from examining the historical pre-vesting forfeiture patterns of past option issuances to key employees. While the forfeiture rate is not an input of the Black Scholes model for determining the fair value of the options, it is an important determinant of stock option compensation expense to be recorded.

The following table summarizes option activity for the six months ended June 30, 2018.



Options	Shares (in thousands)		Weighted- Average Exercise Price (per share)		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2018	746		$	14.33
Granted	55		24.55
Exercised	(27	)	10.15			$	274
Outstanding at June 30, 2018	774		$	15.21	6.1	$	2,861	(1)
Exercisable at June 30, 2018	625		$	13.61	5.4	$	3,304	(1)


(1)	The intrinsic value is the amount by which the market price of our stock was greater than the exercise price of any individual option grant at June 30, 2018.

Restricted Stock

During the six months ended June 30, 2018, we granted 86,516 restricted stock awards to non-executive directors, officers and certain other key employees. The shares of restricted stock granted during the six months ended June 30, 2018, vest pro-rata over three years for officers and certain other key employees and over one year for non-executive directors. We determined the fair value of the shares awarded by using the closing price of our common stock as of the date of grant. The weighted average grant date value of restricted stock granted in the six months ended June 30, 2018, was $24.55 per share. Total grant-date fair value of restricted stock that vested in the six months ended June 30, 2018, was $1.8 million.

The following table summarizes the status of unvested restricted stock awards as of June 30, 2018, and changes during the six months then ended.



	Nonvested Restricted Shares (in thousands)		Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value (per share)
Nonvested at January 1, 2018	152		$	19.21
Granted	87		$	24.55
Vested	(92	)	$	19.76
Nonvested at June 30, 2018	147		$	22.02

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Performance Share Units

Performance Share Units (“PSUs”) are a form of long-term incentive compensation awarded to executive officers and certain other key employees designed to directly align the interests of employees to the interests of our stockholders, and to create long-term stockholder value. PSU awards granted in 2018 were made pursuant to the NN, Inc. 2016 Omnibus Incentive Plan and a Performance Share Unit Agreement. Some PSUs are based on total shareholder return (“TSR Awards”), and other PSUs are based on return on invested capital (“ROIC Awards”).

The TSR Awards vest, if at all, upon our achieving a specified relative total shareholder return, which will be measured against the total shareholder return of the S&P SmallCap 600 Index during specified performance periods as defined in the award agreements. Each performance period generally begins on January 1 of the year of grant and ends 36 months later on December 31. The ROIC Awards will vest, if at all, upon our achieving a specified average return on invested capital during the performance periods. We recognize compensation expense over the performance period in which the performance and market conditions are measured. If the PSUs do not vest at the end of the performance periods, then the PSUs will expire automatically. Upon vesting, the PSUs will be settled by the issuance of shares of our common stock, subject to the executive officer’s continued employment. The actual number of shares of common stock will be issued to each award recipient at the end of the performance periods will be interpolated between a threshold and maximum payout amount based on actual performance results. No dividends will be paid on outstanding PSUs during the performance period; however, dividend equivalents will be paid based on the number of shares of common stock that are ultimately earned at the end of the Performance Periods.

With respect to the TSR Awards, a participant will earn 50% of the target number of PSUs for “Threshold Performance,” 100% of the target number of PSUs for “Target Performance,” and 150% of the target number of PSUs for “Maximum Performance.” With respect to the ROIC Awards, a participant will earn 35% of the target number of PSUs for “Threshold Performance,” 100% of the target number of PSUs for “Target Performance,” and 150% of the target number of PSUs for “Maximum Performance. For performance levels falling between the values shown below, the percentages will be determined by interpolation. The following table presents the goals with respect to TSR and ROIC for each award granted in 2018.



TSR:		Threshold Performance (50% of Shares)		Target Performance (100% of Shares)		Maximum Performance (150% of Shares)
	2018 grants	35th Percentile		50th Percentile		75th Percentile

ROIC:		Threshold Performance (35% of Shares)		Target Performance (100% of Shares)		Maximum Performance (150% of Shares)
	2018 grants	15.5	%	18	%	19.5	%

We estimate the grant date fair value of TSR Awards using the Monte Carlo simulation model, as the total shareholder return metric is considered a market condition under ASC Topic 718, Compensation – stock compensation. The grant date fair value of ROIC Awards is based on the closing price of a share of our common stock on the date of grant. The following table presents the number of awards granted and the grant date fair value of each award in the periods presented.



	TSR Awards			ROIC Awards
Award Year	Shares (in thousands)	Grant Date Fair Value (per share)		Shares (in thousands)	Grant Date Fair Value (per share)
2018	55	$	24.65	55	$	24.55

We generally recognize an expense for ROIC Awards based on the Target Performance threshold of 100% because, at the date of grant, the Target Performance is the probable level of performance achievement. All PSUs that vested on December 31, 2017, were settled in shares in May 2018.

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The following table summarizes the status of unvested PSU awards as of June 30, 2018, and changes during the six months then ended.



	Nonvested TSR Awards				Nonvested ROIC Awards
	Shares (in thousands)		Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value (per share)		Shares (in thousands)		Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value (per share)
Nonvested at January 1, 2018	130		$	16.60	136		$	16.27
Granted	55		$	24.65	55		$	24.55
Forfeited	(11	)	$	15.12	(12	)	$	15.49
Nonvested at June 30, 2018	174		$	18.90	179		$	18.63

Note 15. Net Income (Loss) Per Share



	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Loss from continuing operations	$	(24,511	)	$	(26,374	)	$	(30,494	)	$	(24,481	)
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax (Note 2)	—			5,236			—			10,754
Net loss	$	(24,511	)	$	(21,138	)	$	(30,494	)	$	(13,727	)
Weighted average shares outstanding	27,696			27,468			27,632			27,358
Effect of dilutive stock options	—			—			—			—
Diluted shares outstanding	27,696			27,468			27,632			27,358
Basic loss from continuing operations per share	$	(0.89	)