UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2008
OR
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File No. 1-10308
Avis Budget Group, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 06-0918165 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
6 Sylvan Way Parsippany, NJ |
07054 | |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
(973) 496-4700
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer, and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer x | Accelerated filer ¨ | |||
Non-accelerated filer ¨ | Smaller reporting company ¨ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
The number of shares outstanding of the issuers common stock was 101,340,920 shares as of July 31, 2008.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The forward-looking statements contained herein are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based on various facts and were derived utilizing numerous important assumptions and other important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include the information concerning our future financial performance, business strategy, projected plans and objectives. Statements preceded by, followed by or that otherwise include the words believes, expects, anticipates, intends, projects, estimates, plans, may increase, may fluctuate and similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as will, should, would, may and could are generally forward-looking in nature and not historical facts. You should understand that the following important factors and assumptions could affect our future results and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in such forward-looking statements:
| the high level of competition in the vehicle rental industry and the impact such competition may have on pricing and rental volume; |
| an increase in our fleet costs as a result of an increase in the cost of new vehicles and/or a decrease in the price at which we dispose of used vehicles either in the used vehicle market or under repurchase or guaranteed depreciation programs; |
| a decline in the results of operations or financial condition of the manufacturers of our cars and/or their willingness or ability to make cars available to us or the rental car industry as a whole on commercially reasonable terms or at all; |
| a downturn in airline passenger traffic in the United States or in the other international locations in which we operate; |
| an occurrence or threat of terrorism, pandemic disease, natural disasters or military conflict in the locations in which we operate; |
| a decline in general economic conditions, or a decline in the housing market; |
| our dependence on third-party distribution channels; |
| a disruption or decline in rental activity, particularly during our peak season or in key market segments; |
| a significant increase in interest rates or in borrowing costs or a fluctuation in interest rates, which can impact the valuation of our derivatives; |
| our ability to successfully implement our business strategy for growth; |
| our ability to accurately estimate our future results; |
| our ability to successfully integrate operations upon the acquisition of other businesses, potentially including exercise of our option to purchase a majority interest in Carey Holdings, Inc., the parent company of Carey International, Inc.; |
| a major disruption in our communication or centralized information networks; |
| our exposure to uninsured claims in excess of historic levels; |
| our failure or inability to comply with regulations or any changes in regulations; |
| any impact on us from the actions of our licensees, dealers and independent contractors; |
| substantial increases in fuel costs or decreases in fuel supply; |
1
| a disruption in our ability to obtain financing for our operations, including the funding of our vehicle fleet via the asset-backed securities and lending market; |
| risks related to our indebtedness, including our substantial amount of debt, our ability to incur substantially more debt, the restrictive and financial covenants in agreements and instruments governing our debt and the amount of cash required to service all of our indebtedness; |
| the terms of agreements among us and the former real estate, hospitality and travel distribution businesses following the separation of those businesses from us during third quarter 2006, when we were known as Cendant Corporation (the Separation), particularly with respect to the allocation of assets and liabilities, including contingent liabilities and guarantees, commercial arrangements, the performance of each of the separated companies obligations under these agreements, and the former real estate business right to control the process for resolving disputes related to contingent liabilities and assets; |
| the continuation of a low trading price of our stock, which could limit our access to capital, be an indicator that our goodwill is impaired and/or result in a future charge to earnings for an impairment of our goodwill; and |
| other business, economic, competitive, governmental, regulatory, political or technological factors affecting our operations, pricing or services. |
Other factors and assumptions not identified above, including those described under Risk Factors set forth in Item 1A of our 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K and Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, were also involved in the derivation of these forward-looking statements, and the failure of such other assumptions to be realized, as well as other factors, may also cause actual results to differ materially from those projected. Most of these factors are difficult to predict accurately and are generally beyond our control.
You should consider the areas of risk described above, as well as those described under Risk Factors set forth in Item 1A of our 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K and Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, in connection with any forward-looking statements that may be made by us and our businesses generally. Except for our ongoing obligations to disclose material information under the federal securities laws, we undertake no obligation to release any revisions to any forward-looking statements, to report events or to report the occurrence of unanticipated events unless required by law. For any forward-looking statements contained in any document, we claim the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.
2
PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. | Financial Statements |
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In millions, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Revenues |
|||||||||||||
Vehicle rental |
$ | 1,194 | $ | 1,175 | $ | 2,313 | $ | 2,252 | |||||
Other |
383 | 341 | 709 | 629 | |||||||||
Net revenues |
1,577 | 1,516 | 3,022 | 2,881 | |||||||||
Expenses |
|||||||||||||
Operating |
811 | 785 | 1,588 | 1,496 | |||||||||
Vehicle depreciation and lease charges, net |
441 | 402 | 823 | 764 | |||||||||
Selling, general and administrative |
173 | 168 | 344 | 327 | |||||||||
Vehicle interest, net |
74 | 71 | 159 | 142 | |||||||||
Non-vehicle related depreciation and amortization |
20 | 20 | 39 | 43 | |||||||||
Interest expense related to corporate debt, net |
32 | 32 | 61 | 65 | |||||||||
Separation costs, net |
1 | 3 | 1 | (3 | ) | ||||||||
Total expenses |
1,552 | 1,481 | 3,015 | 2,834 | |||||||||
Income before income taxes |
25 | 35 | 7 | 47 | |||||||||
Provision for income taxes |
10 | 12 | 3 | 12 | |||||||||
Income from continuing operations |
15 | 23 | 4 | 35 | |||||||||
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations, net of tax |
| 1 | | 1 | |||||||||
Net income |
$ | 15 | $ | 24 | $ | 4 | $ | 36 | |||||
Earnings per share |
|||||||||||||
Basic |
|||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations |
$ | 0.15 | $ | 0.22 | $ | 0.04 | $ | 0.34 | |||||
Net income |
0.15 | 0.23 | 0.04 | 0.35 | |||||||||
Diluted |
|||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations |
$ | 0.15 | $ | 0.22 | $ | 0.04 | $ | 0.34 | |||||
Net income |
0.15 | 0.23 | 0.04 | 0.35 |
See Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements (Unaudited).
3
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
(In millions, except share data)
(Unaudited)
June 30, 2008 |
December 31, 2007 |
|||||||
Assets |
||||||||
Current assets: |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 262 | $ | 214 | ||||
Receivables, net |
434 | 392 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes |
44 | 42 | ||||||
Other current assets |
492 | 570 | ||||||
Total current assets |
1,232 | 1,218 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net |
505 | 500 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes |
255 | 234 | ||||||
Goodwill |
1,000 | 1,000 | ||||||
Other intangibles, net |
802 | 760 | ||||||
Other non-current assets |
773 | 781 | ||||||
Total assets exclusive of assets under vehicle programs |
4,567 | 4,493 | ||||||
Assets under vehicle programs: |
||||||||
Program cash |
| 1 | ||||||
Vehicles, net |
9,139 | 7,474 | ||||||
Receivables from vehicle manufacturers and other |
119 | 276 | ||||||
Investment in Avis Budget Rental Car Funding (AESOP), LLCrelated party |
567 | 230 | ||||||
9,825 | 7,981 | |||||||
Total assets |
$ | 14,392 | $ | 12,474 | ||||
Liabilities and stockholders equity |
||||||||
Current liabilities: |
||||||||
Accounts payable and other current liabilities |
$ | 1,046 | $ | 1,094 | ||||
Current portion of long-term debt |
9 | 10 | ||||||
Total current liabilities |
1,055 | 1,104 | ||||||
Long-term debt |
1,784 | 1,787 | ||||||
Other non-current liabilities |
953 | 998 | ||||||
Total liabilities exclusive of liabilities under vehicle programs |
3,792 | 3,889 | ||||||
Liabilities under vehicle programs: |
||||||||
Debt |
1,186 | 950 | ||||||
Debt due to Avis Budget Rental Car Funding (AESOP) LLCrelated party |
6,314 | 4,646 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes |
1,254 | 1,246 | ||||||
Other |
389 | 278 | ||||||
9,143 | 7,120 | |||||||
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15) |
||||||||
Stockholders equity: |
||||||||
Preferred stock, $.01 par valueauthorized 10 million shares; |
| | ||||||
Common stock, $.01 par valueauthorized 250 million shares; |
1 | 1 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
9,224 | 9,320 | ||||||
Accumulated deficit |
(1,516 | ) | (1,520 | ) | ||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
55 | 32 | ||||||
Treasury stock, at cost 35,221,142 and 32,719,985 shares |
(6,307 | ) | (6,368 | ) | ||||
Total stockholders equity |
1,457 | 1,465 | ||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
$ | 14,392 | $ | 12,474 | ||||
See Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements (Unaudited).
4
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In millions)
(Unaudited)
Six Months Ended June 30, |
||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Operating Activities |
||||||||
Net income |
$ | 4 | $ | 36 | ||||
Adjustments to arrive at income from continuing operations |
| (1 | ) | |||||
Income from continuing operations |
4 | 35 | ||||||
Adjustments to reconcile income from continuing operations to net cash provided by operating activities exclusive of vehicle programs: |
||||||||
Non-vehicle related depreciation and amortization |
39 | 43 | ||||||
Net change in assets and liabilities: |
||||||||
Receivables |
(24 | ) | (14 | ) | ||||
Income taxes and deferred income taxes |
(3 | ) | 12 | |||||
Accounts payable and other current liabilities |
23 | (53 | ) | |||||
Other, net |
(19 | ) | (11 | ) | ||||
Net cash provided by continuing operating activities exclusive of vehicle programs |
20 | 12 | ||||||
Vehicle programs: |
||||||||
Vehicle depreciation |
820 | 759 | ||||||
820 | 759 | |||||||
Net cash provided by continuing operating activities |
840 | 771 | ||||||
Investing Activities |
||||||||
Property and equipment additions |
(47 | ) | (51 | ) | ||||
Net assets acquired, net of cash acquired, and acquisition-related payments |
(71 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||
Proceeds received on asset sales |
9 | 8 | ||||||
Proceeds from sale of investment |
| 106 | ||||||
Payments made to Realogy and Wyndham, net |
1 | (88 | ) | |||||
Proceeds from dispositions of businesses, net of transaction-related payments |
(1 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||
Other, net |
(8 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||
Net cash used in investing activities exclusive of vehicle programs |
(117 | ) | (35 | ) | ||||
Vehicle programs: |
||||||||
Decrease (increase) in program cash |
1 | (4 | ) | |||||
Investment in vehicles |
(6,202 | ) | (6,480 | ) | ||||
Proceeds received on disposition of vehicles |
4,027 | 3,752 | ||||||
Investment in Avis Budget Rental Car Funding (AESOP) LLCrelated party |
(343 | ) | | |||||
(2,517 | ) | (2,732 | ) | |||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(2,634 | ) | (2,767 | ) | ||||
5
Avis Budget Group, Inc.
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)
(In millions)
Six Months Ended June 30, |
||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Financing Activities |
||||||||
Principal payments on borrowings |
(5 | ) | (39 | ) | ||||
Issuances of common stock |
| 39 | ||||||
Repurchases of common stock |
(33 | ) | | |||||
Net cash used in financing activities exclusive of vehicle programs |
(38 | ) | | |||||
Vehicle programs: |
||||||||
Proceeds from borrowings |
5,799 | 6,287 | ||||||
Principal payments on borrowings |
(4,136 | ) | (4,362 | ) | ||||
Net change in short-term borrowings |
226 | 129 | ||||||
Other, net |
(8 | ) | (6 | ) | ||||
1,881 | 2,048 | |||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
1,843 | 2,048 | ||||||
Effect of changes in exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents |
(1 | ) | 3 | |||||
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents |
48 | 55 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period |
214 | 172 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period |
$ | 262 | $ | 227 | ||||
See Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements (Unaudited).
6
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
(Unless otherwise noted, all amounts are in millions, except per share amounts)
1. | Basis of Presentation and Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements |
Basis of Presentation
Avis Budget Group, Inc. provides car and truck rentals and ancillary services to businesses and consumers in the United States and internationally. The accompanying unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements include the accounts and transactions of Avis Budget Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries (Avis Budget), as well as entities in which Avis Budget directly or indirectly has a controlling financial interest (collectively, the Company) and have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for interim financial reporting.
The Company operates in the following business segments:
| Domestic Car Rental provides car rentals and ancillary products and services in the United States. |
| International Car Rental provides car rentals and ancillary products and services primarily in Argentina, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. |
| Truck Rental provides truck rentals and related services to consumers and light commercial users in the United States. |
In presenting the Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP), management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and related disclosures. Estimates, by their nature, are based on judgments and available information. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates. In managements opinion, the Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements contain all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of interim results reported. The results of operations reported for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for the entire year or any subsequent interim period. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Companys 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 29, 2008.
Vehicle Programs. The Company presents separately the financial data of its vehicle programs. These programs are distinct from the Companys other activities since the assets under vehicle programs are generally funded through the issuance of debt, asset-backed funding or other similar arrangements which are collateralized by such assets. The income generated by these assets is used, in part, to repay the principal and interest associated with the debt. Cash inflows and outflows relating to the generation or acquisition of such assets and the principal debt repayment or financing of such assets are classified as activities of the Companys vehicle programs. The Company believes it is appropriate to segregate the financial data of its vehicle programs because, ultimately, the source of repayment of such debt is the realization of such assets.
Separation. In connection with the separation of Cendant Corporation (as the Company was formerly known) into four independent companies (the Separation), the Company completed the spin-offs of Realogy Corporation (Realogy) and Wyndham Worldwide Corporation (Wyndham) on July 31, 2006 and completed the sale of Travelport, Inc. (Travelport) on August 23, 2006. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, the Company recorded costs (credits) of $3 million and $(3) million, respectively, in connection with the Separation, which included costs consisting primarily of professional and consulting fees, as well as a $14 million credit related to tax-related receivables from Realogy and Wyndham recognized in connection with the adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (FIN 48) (see Note 8Income Taxes).
Adoption of New Accounting Standards during 2008
Fair Value Measurements. In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (SFAS No. 157), which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. In addition, SFAS No. 157 requires the Company to consider its own credit spreads when measuring the fair value of liabilities, including derivatives, and the credit spreads of the Companys counterparties when measuring the fair value of assets, including derivatives. The Company adopted SFAS No. 157 on January 1, 2008, as required, and it had no impact to the Companys financial statements at the time of adoption (see Note 6Fair Value Measurements).
7
In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position SFAS 157-1, Application of SFAS No. 157 to SFAS No. 13 and Its Related Interpretative Accounting Pronouncements that Address Leasing Transactions (FSP SFAS 157-1) and FASB Staff Position SFAS 157-2, Effective Date of SFAS No. 157 (FSP SFAS 157-2). FSP SFAS 157-1 excludes SFAS No. 13 and its related interpretive accounting pronouncements that address leasing transactions, with the exception of fair value measurements of assets and liabilities recorded as a result of a lease transaction but measured pursuant to other pronouncements within the scope of SFAS No. 157. FSP SFAS 157-2 delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for all nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually). FSP SFAS 157-1 and FSP SFAS 157-2 became effective for the Company upon adoption of SFAS No. 157 on January 1, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the additional disclosures required relating to the fair value measurement of nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities when it fully implements SFAS No. 157 on January 1, 2009.
Fair Value Option. In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115, (SFAS No. 159). SFAS No. 159 permits a company to irrevocably elect fair value as the initial and subsequent measurement attribute for certain financial assets and financial liabilities on a contract-by-contract basis, with changes in fair value recognized in earnings. The election to use the fair value option is available when an entity first recognizes a financial asset or a financial liability or upon entering into a firm commitment. Additionally, SFAS No. 159 allows for a one-time election for existing positions upon adoption, with the transition adjustment recorded to beginning retained earnings. The Company adopted SFAS No. 159 on January 1, 2008 and has elected not to apply the option to measure any of its financial assets or liabilities.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), Business Combinations (SFAS No. 141(R)). SFAS No. 141(R) seeks to improve the relevance, representational faithfulness, and comparability of the information that a reporting entity provides in its financial reports about a business combination and its effects. SFAS No. 141(R) requires an acquiror to recognize the assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date, measured at their fair values as of that date, with limited exceptions. SFAS No. 141(R) also requires the acquiror in a business combination achieved in stages to recognize the identifiable assets and liabilities, as well as the noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, at the full amounts of their fair values. SFAS No. 141(R) requires an acquiror to recognize adjustments made during the measurement period to the acquired assets and liabilities as if they had occurred on the acquisition date and to revise prior period financial statements in subsequent filings for changes. In addition, SFAS No. 141(R) requires that all acquisition related costs be expensed as incurred, rather than capitalized as part of the purchase price and those restructuring costs that an acquiror expected but was not obligated to incur to be recognized separately from the business combination. SFAS No. 141(R) applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The Company will adopt SFAS No. 141(R) on January 1, 2009, as required, and is currently evaluating the impact of such adoption on its financial statements.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statementsan amendment of ARB No. 51 (SFAS No. 160). SFAS No. 160 amends Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB) No. 51 to establish accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling (minority) interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. It clarifies that a noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary is an ownership interest in the consolidated entity that should be reported as equity in the Consolidated Financial Statements. SFAS No. 160 also requires consolidated net income to be reported at amounts that include the amounts attributable to both the parent and the noncontrolling interest on the face of the consolidated statement of income. Under SFAS No. 160, the accounting for changes in a parents ownership interest in a subsidiary that do not result in deconsolidation must be accounted for as equity transactions for the difference between the parents carrying value and the cash exchanged in the transaction. In addition, SFAS No. 160 also requires that a parent recognize a gain or loss in net income when a subsidiary is deconsolidated (except in the case of a spin-off), and requires expanded disclosures in the Consolidated Financial Statements that clearly identify and distinguish between the interests of the parents ownership interest and the interests of the noncontrolling owners of a subsidiary. SFAS No. 160 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The Company will adopt SFAS No. 160 on January 1, 2009, as required, and is currently evaluating the impact of such adoption on its financial statements.
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 (SFAS No. 161). SFAS No. 161 requires entities to provide qualitative disclosures about the objectives and strategies for using derivatives, quantitative data about the fair value of and gains and losses on derivative contracts, and details of credit-risk-related contingent features in their hedged positions. SFAS No. 161 also asks entities to disclose more information about the location and amounts of derivative instruments in financial statements; how derivatives and related hedges are accounted for under SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities; and how the hedges affect the entitys financial position, financial
8
performance, and cash flows. SFAS No. 161 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after November 15, 2008. The Company will adopt SFAS No. 161 on January 1, 2009, as required, and is currently evaluating the impact of such adoption on its financial statements.
2. | Discontinued Operations |
The $1 million gain on disposal of discontinued operations, net of tax in the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 represents purchase price adjustments related to the sale of Travelport.
3. | Earnings Per Share |
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS):
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
Income from continuing operations |
$ | 15 | $ | 23 | $ | 4 | $ | 35 | ||||
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations, net of tax |
| 1 | | 1 | ||||||||
Net income |
$ | 15 | $ | 24 | $ | 4 | $ | 36 | ||||
Basic weighted average shares outstanding |
101.4 | 103.4 | 102.1 | 102.5 | ||||||||
Stock options, warrants and restricted stock units (a) |
| 1.4 | | 1.2 | ||||||||
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding |
101.4 | 104.8 | 102.1 | 103.7 | ||||||||
Earnings per share: |
||||||||||||
Basic |
||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations |
$ | 0.15 | $ | 0.22 | $ | 0.04 | $ | 0.34 | ||||
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations |
| 0.01 | | 0.01 | ||||||||
Net income |
$ | 0.15 | $ | 0.23 | $ | 0.04 | $ | 0.35 | ||||
Diluted |
||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations |
$ | 0.15 | $ | 0.22 | $ | 0.04 | $ | 0.34 | ||||
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations |
| 0.01 | | 0.01 | ||||||||
Net income |
$ | 0.15 | $ | 0.23 | $ | 0.04 | $ | 0.35 | ||||
_______ (a) Excludes restricted stock units for which performance-based vesting criteria have not been achieved.
The following table summarizes the Companys outstanding common stock equivalents that were anti-dilutive and therefore excluded from the computation of diluted EPS:
| ||||||||||||
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
Options (a) |
5.3 | 3.0 | 5.3 | 4.6 | ||||||||
Warrants |
| 0.2 | | 0.2 | ||||||||
_______ (a) The weighted average exercise price for anti-dilutive options for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 was $24.97 and $24.96, respectively. The weighted average exercise price for anti-dilutive options for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 was $39.32 and $35.25, respectively. |
4. | Acquisitions |
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations were recorded on the Companys Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets as of the respective acquisition dates based upon their estimated fair values at such dates. The results of operations of businesses acquired by the Company have been included in the Companys Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income since their respective dates of acquisition. The excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the underlying assets acquired and liabilities assumed is allocated to goodwill. In certain circumstances, the allocations of the excess purchase price are based upon preliminary estimates and assumptions. Accordingly, the allocations may be subject to revision when the Company receives final information, including appraisals and other analyses. Any revisions to the fair values, within the allocation period, will be recorded by the Company as further adjustments to the purchase price allocations.
9
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, the Company acquired the exclusive rights to certain vehicle rental franchise territories and related assets, which included $23 million of associated vehicles, for $70 million in cash, resulting in trademark intangible assets of $46 million. These acquisitions for 2008 relate primarily to the Companys Domestic Car Rental segment and were not significant individually or in the aggregate to the Companys results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
5. | Intangible Assets |
Intangible assets consisted of:
As of June 30, 2008 | As of December 31, 2007 | |||||||||||||||||
Gross Carrying Amount |
Accumulated Amortization |
Net Carrying Amount |
Gross Carrying Amount |
Accumulated Amortization |
Net Carrying Amount | |||||||||||||
Amortized Intangible Assets |
||||||||||||||||||
Franchise agreements |
$ | 74 | $ | 19 | $ | 55 | $ | 75 | $ | 18 | $ | 57 | ||||||
Customer lists |
19 | 7 | 12 | 19 | 7 | 12 | ||||||||||||
Other |
2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||
$ | 95 | $ | 27 | $ | 68 | $ | 96 | $ | 26 | $ | 70 | |||||||
Unamortized Intangible Assets |
||||||||||||||||||
Goodwill |
$ | 1,000 | $ | 1,000 | ||||||||||||||
Trademarks |
$ | 734 | $ | 690 | ||||||||||||||
Amortization expense relating to all intangible assets was approximately $1 million during the second quarter of 2008 and 2007. For the six month periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, amortization expense was less than $2 million.
Based on the Companys amortizable intangible assets at June 30, 2008, the Company expects amortization expense of approximately $2 million for the remainder of 2008 and approximately $3 million for each of the five fiscal years thereafter.
6. | Fair Value Measurements |
SFAS No. 157 requires disclosures about the Companys assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value. The Company used significant observable inputs (Level 2 inputs), other than quoted unadjusted prices from active markets (Level 1 inputs), to determine the fair value of its derivative assets and liabilities.
Valuation Techniques. Derivatives entered into by the Company are typically executed over-the-counter and are valued using internal valuation techniques, as no quoted market prices exist for such instruments. The valuation technique and inputs depend on the type of derivative and the nature of the underlying exposure. The principal techniques used to value these instruments are discounted cash flows and Black-Scholes option valuation models. These models take into account a variety of factors including, where applicable, maturity, commodity prices, interest rate yield curves, credit curves, counterparty creditworthiness and currency exchange rates. These factors are applied on a consistent basis and are based upon observable inputs where available.
The following table presents information about the Companys assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Based on Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2): | As of June 30, 2008 | ||
Assets: |
|||
Interest rate swaps and other derivatives |
$ | | |
Interest rate caps under vehicle programs |
3 | ||
Total |
$ | 3 | |
Liabilities: |
|||
Interest rate swaps and other derivatives |
$ | 34 | |
Interest rate swaps and other derivatives under vehicle programs |
21 | ||
Total |
$ | 55 | |
10
7. | Vehicle Rental Activities |
The components of the Companys vehicles, net within assets under vehicle programs are as follows:
As of June 30, 2008 |
As of December 31, 2007 |
|||||||
Rental vehicles |
$ | 10,072 | $ | 7,947 | ||||
Less: Accumulated depreciation |
(1,165 | ) | (1,022 | ) | ||||
8,907 | 6,925 | |||||||
Vehicles held for sale, net |
232 | 549 | ||||||
Vehicles, net |
$ | 9,139 | $ | 7,474 | ||||
The components of vehicle depreciation and lease charges, net are summarized below:
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Depreciation expense |
$ | 441 | $ | 407 | $ | 820 | $ | 759 | ||||||||
Lease charges |
8 | 12 | 16 | 26 | ||||||||||||
Gain on sales of vehicles, net and cost of vehicle disposition |
(8 | ) | (17 | ) | (13 | ) | (21 | ) | ||||||||
Vehicle depreciation and lease charges, net |
$ | 441 | $ | 402 | $ | 823 | $ | 764 | ||||||||
During the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, vehicle interest, net on the accompanying Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income excludes $33 million and $35 million, respectively, and for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, excludes $66 million and $71 million, respectively, of interest expense related to the fixed and floating rate borrowings of the Companys Avis Budget Car Rental, LLC (Avis Budget Car Rental) subsidiary. Such interest is recorded within interest expense related to corporate debt, net on the accompanying Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income.
8. | Income Taxes |
The Companys effective tax rate from continuing operations for the six months ended June 30, 2008 is a provision of 42.9%. Such rate differs from the Federal statutory rate of 35.0% primarily due to state taxes and differences in the amount of stock-based compensation recorded for book and tax purposes.
The Companys effective tax rate from continuing operations for the six months ended June 30, 2007 is a provision of 25.5%. Such rate differs from the Federal statutory rate of 35.0% primarily due to an increase in the receivables due from Realogy and Wyndham in connection with the adoption of FIN 48 and a corresponding credit to the Separation costs which is not subject to income taxes, as well as a decrease for changes in New York State and Canadian tax law.
9. | Other Current Assets |
Other current assets consisted of:
As of June 30, 2008 |
As of December 31, 2007 | |||||
Receivables from Realogy (a) |
$ | 142 | $ | 169 | ||
Receivables from Wyndham (a) |
95 | 122 | ||||
Prepaid expenses |
162 | 148 | ||||
Other |
93 | 131 | ||||
$ | 492 | $ | 570 | |||
(a) |
Represents amounts due for certain contingent and other corporate liabilities assumed by Realogy and Wyndham in connection with the Separation and services performed under the Transition Services Agreement entered into in connection with the Separation. These amounts are due from Realogy and Wyndham on demand upon the Companys settlement of the related liability. At June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, there are corresponding liabilities recorded within accounts payable and other current liabilities. In connection with the Companys adoption of FIN 48, receivables from Realogy and Wyndham related to income taxes were classified as non-current assets. At June 30, 2008, non-current assets related to income taxes receivable were $612 million. |
11
10. | Equity Investment |
At June 30, 2008, the Companys equity-method investee and the Companys approximate ownership interest, based on outstanding shares, are as follows:
Company |
Percentage Ownership |
||
Carey Holdings, Inc. |
47.9 | % |
The Companys investment in Carey Holdings, Inc. (Carey) is recorded within other non-current assets on the Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets and the Companys share of Careys operating results is reported within operating expenses on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income. At June 30, 2008, the Companys investment totaled $61 million and included $2 million of deferred acquisition costs. The Company has the option until October 2008 to increase its ownership stake in Carey to approximately 80%, subject to certain conditions that would most likely include the assumption or repayment of Careys existing indebtedness.
11. | Accounts Payable and Other Current Liabilities |
Accounts payable and other current liabilities consisted of:
As of June 30, 2008 |
As of December 31, 2007 | |||||
Accounts payable |
$ | 231 | $ | 210 | ||
Accrued payroll and related |
160 | 171 | ||||
Disposition related liabilities |
120 | 125 | ||||
Accrued legal settlements |
110 | 121 | ||||
Public liability and property damage insurance liabilities |
108 | 109 | ||||
Other |
317 | 358 | ||||
$ | 1,046 | $ | 1,094 | |||
12. | Other Non-Current Liabilities |
Other non-current liabilities consisted of:
As of June 30, 2008 |
As of December 31, 2007 | |||||
Long-term income taxes payable |
$ | 422 | $ | 440 | ||
Public liability and property damage insurance liabilities |
237 | 252 | ||||
Other |
294 | 306 | ||||
$ | 953 | $ | 998 | |||
12
13. | Long-term Debt and Borrowing Arrangements |
Long-term debt consisted of:
Maturity Date |
As of June 30, 2008 |
As of December 31, 2007 | ||||||
Floating rate term loan (a) |
April 2012 | $ | 791 | $ | 796 | |||
Floating rate notes |
May 2014 | 250 | 250 | |||||
7 5/8% notes |
May 2014 | 375 | 375 | |||||
7 3/4% notes |
May 2016 | 375 | 375 | |||||
1,791 | 1,796 | |||||||
Other |
2 | 1 | ||||||
Total long-term debt |
1,793 | 1,797 | ||||||
Less: Current portion |
9 | 10 | ||||||
Long-term debt |
$ | 1,784 | $ | 1,787 | ||||
(a) |
The floating rate term loan and our revolving credit facility are secured by pledges of all of the capital stock of all of the Companys direct or indirect domestic subsidiaries and up to 66% of the capital stock of each direct foreign subsidiary, subject to certain exceptions, and liens on substantially all of the Companys intellectual property. |
In February 2007, the Company agreed to guarantee (the Guarantee) the payment of principal, premium, if any, and interest on the $1.0 billion aggregate principal amount of senior notes issued by Avis Budget Car Rental in April 2006 (the Notes). The Notes consist of Avis Budget Car Rentals 7 5/8% Senior Notes due 2014, 7 3/4 % Senior Notes due 2016 and Floating Rate Senior Notes due 2014. In consideration for providing the Guarantee, the Company received $14 million, before fees and expenses, from certain institutional investors. The $14 million consideration is being treated as deferred income and being amortized over the life of the debt.
Committed Credit Facilities and Available Funding Arrangements
At June 30, 2008, the committed credit facilities available to the Company and/or its subsidiaries at the corporate or Avis Budget Car Rental level were as follows:
Total Capacity |
Outstanding Borrowings |
Letters of Credit Issued |
Available Capacity | |||||||||
$1.5 billion revolving credit facility (a) |
$ | 1,500 | $ | | $ | 572 | $ | 928 | ||||
Letter of credit facility (b) |
303 | | 303 | |
(a) |
This secured revolving credit facility was entered into by Avis Budget Car Rental in April 2006, has a five year term and currently bears interest at one month LIBOR plus 125 basis points. The floating rate term loan and the revolving credit facility are secured by pledges of all of the capital stock of all of the Companys direct or indirect domestic subsidiaries and up to 66% of the capital stock of each direct foreign subsidiary, subject to certain exceptions, and liens on substantially all of the Companys intellectual property. |
(b) |
Final maturity date is July 2010. |
The Companys debt agreements contain restrictive covenants, including restrictions on dividends paid to the Company by certain of its subsidiaries, the incurrence of indebtedness by the Company and certain of its subsidiaries, mergers, liquidations, and sale and leaseback transactions. The credit facility also requires the maintenance of certain financial ratios. As of June 30, 2008, the Company is not aware of any instances of non-compliance with such financial or restrictive covenants.
13
14. | Debt Under Vehicle Programs and Borrowing Arrangements |
Debt under vehicle programs (including related party debt due to Avis Budget Rental Car Funding (AESOP) LLC (Avis Budget Rental Car Funding)) consisted of:
As of June 30, 2008 |
As of December 31, 2007 | |||||
Debt due to Avis Budget Rental Car Funding (a) |
$ | 6,314 | $ | 4,646 | ||
Budget Truck financing: |
||||||
Budget Truck Funding program (b) |
336 | 246 | ||||
Capital leases |
179 | 204 | ||||
Other (c) |
671 | 500 | ||||
$ | 7,500 | $ | 5,596 | |||
(a) |
The increase principally reflects (i) $1.3 billion of incremental borrowings under the Companys conduit facilities to support the acquisition of rental vehicles within the Companys Domestic Car Rental operations during the six months ended June 30, 2008 and (ii) a $343 million increase in the Companys investment in Avis Budget Rental Car Funding reflecting the Companys decision to invest funds from vehicle sales into Avis Budget Rental Car Funding as equity rather than as a repayment of debt due to Avis Budget Rental Car Funding. |
(b) |
The increase primarily reflects incremental borrowings under the Companys conduit facility to support the acquisition of rental vehicles within the Companys Budget Truck rental fleet. |
(c) |
The increase primarily reflects incremental borrowings under the Companys conduit facilities to support the acquisition of vehicles in the Companys International Car Rental operations and additional fleet loans to support the acquisition of certain vehicles for the Companys Domestic Car Rental operations. |
The following table provides the contractual maturities of the Companys debt under vehicle programs (including related party debt due to Avis Budget Rental Car Funding) at June 30, 2008:
Vehicle- Backed Debt |
Capital Leases |
Total | |||||||
Within 1 year |
$ | 3,240 | $ | 155 | $ | 3,395 | |||
Between 1 and 2 years |
432 | 24 | 456 | ||||||
Between 2 and 3 years |
1,974 | | 1,974 | ||||||
Between 3 and 4 years |
253 | | 253 | ||||||
Between 4 and 5 years |
900 | | 900 | ||||||
Thereafter |
522 | | 522 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 7,321 | $ | 179 | $ | 7,500 | |||
As of June 30, 2008, available funding under the Companys vehicle programs (including related party debt due to Avis Budget Rental Car Funding) consisted of:
Total Capacity (a) |
Outstanding Borrowings |
Available Capacity | |||||||
Debt due to Avis Budget Rental Car Funding (b) |
$ | 6,889 | $ | 6,314 | $ | 575 | |||
Budget Truck financing: |
|||||||||
Budget Truck Funding program (c) |
375 | 336 | 39 | ||||||
Capital leases (d) |
179 | 179 | | ||||||
Other (e) |
1,128 | 671 | 457 | ||||||
$ | 8,571 | $ | 7,500 | $ | 1,071 | ||||
(a) |
Capacity is subject to maintaining sufficient assets to collateralize debt. |
(b) |
The outstanding debt is collateralized by approximately $8.2 billion of underlying vehicles and related assets. |
(c) |
The outstanding debt is collateralized by approximately $345 million of underlying vehicles and related assets. |
(d) |
In connection with these capital leases, there are corresponding assets of approximately $190 million within vehicles, net on the Companys Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheet as of June 30, 2008. |
(e) |
The outstanding debt is collateralized by approximately $1.2 billion of underlying vehicles and related assets. |
Debt agreements under the Companys vehicle-backed funding programs contain restrictive covenants, including restrictions on dividends paid to the Company by certain of its subsidiaries and indebtedness of material subsidiaries, mergers, limitations on liens, liquidations, and sale and leaseback transactions. As of June 30, 2008, the Company is not aware of any instances of non-compliance with such covenants.
14
15. | Commitments and Contingencies |
Contingencies
The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is examining the Companys taxable years 2003 through 2006. Although the Company believes there is appropriate support for the positions taken on its tax returns, the Company has recorded liabilities for uncertain tax positions for all years for which the statute of limitations has not expired. The Company has $422 million accrued for tax liabilities and believes these accruals to be adequate for all open years based on assessment of many factors including past experience and interpretations of tax law applied to the facts of each matter. Although the Company believes the recorded assets and liabilities are reasonable, tax regulations are subject to interpretation and tax litigation is inherently uncertain; therefore, the Companys assessments can involve both a series of complex judgments about future events and rely heavily on estimates and assumptions. While the Company believes that the estimates and assumptions supporting the assessments are reasonable, the final determination of tax audits and any other related litigation could be materially different than that which is reflected in historical income tax provisions and recorded assets and liabilities. The potential results of an audit or litigation related to these matters include a range of outcomes, which may involve material amounts. However, the Company is entitled to indemnification by Realogy and Wyndham for most pre-Separation tax matters and therefore does not expect such resolution to have a significant impact on its earnings, financial position or cash flows.
The Company is involved in litigation asserting claims associated with accounting irregularities discovered in 1998 at former CUC business units outside of the principal common stockholder class action litigation. The Company has accrued liabilities of approximately $103 million regarding such litigation matters. The Company does not believe that it is feasible to predict or determine the final outcome or resolution of such unresolved proceedings. Pursuant to the Separation Agreement (described below), Realogy and Wyndham have assumed all liabilities related to this litigation, as described below, and therefore a corresponding receivable has been established for such amount. Changes in liabilities related to such legal matters for which the Company is entitled to indemnification, and corresponding changes in the Companys indemnification assets, are shown net within the separation costs, net line on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income.
In connection with the spin-offs of Realogy and Wyndham, the Company entered into the Separation Agreement, pursuant to which Realogy assumed 62.5% and Wyndham assumed 37.5% of certain contingent and other corporate liabilities of the Company or its subsidiaries, which are not primarily related to any of the respective businesses of Realogy, Wyndham, Travelport and/or the Companys vehicle rental operations, in each case incurred or allegedly incurred on or prior to the separation of Travelport from the Company (Assumed Liabilities). Realogy is entitled to receive 62.5% and Wyndham is entitled to receive 37.5% of the proceeds from certain contingent corporate assets of the Company, which are not primarily related to any of the respective businesses of Realogy, Wyndham, Travelport and/or the Companys vehicle rental operations, arising or accrued on or prior to the separation of Travelport from the Company (Assumed Assets). Additionally, if Realogy or Wyndham were to default on its payment of costs or expenses to the Company related to any Assumed Liability, the Company would be responsible for 50% of the defaulting partys obligation. In such event, the Company would be allowed to use the defaulting partys share of the proceeds of any Assumed Assets as a right of offset. Realogy and Wyndham have also agreed to guarantee each others as well as the Companys obligation under each entitys deferred compensation plans for amounts deferred in respect of 2005 and earlier years.
The Company does not believe that the impact of any unresolved proceedings constituting an Assumed Liability related to the CUC accounting irregularities should result in a material liability to the Company in relation to its consolidated financial position or liquidity, as Realogy and Wyndham each have agreed to assume responsibility for these liabilities as well as other liabilities related to the Companys litigation that are not related to its vehicle rental operations. Such litigation assumed by Realogy and Wyndham includes litigation which was retained by the Company in connection with the sale of its former Marketing Services division.
In April 2007, Realogy was acquired by an affiliate of Apollo Management VI, L.P. The acquisition does not affect Realogys obligation to satisfy 62.5% of the contingent and other corporate liabilities of the Company or its subsidiaries pursuant to the terms of the Separation Agreement. As a result of the acquisition, Realogy has greater debt obligations and its ability to satisfy its portion of the contingent and other corporate liabilities may be adversely impacted. In accordance with the terms of the Separation Agreement, Realogy posted a letter of credit in April 2007 for the benefit of the Company to cover its estimated share of the Assumed Liabilities discussed above, subject to adjustment, although there can be no assurance that such letter of credit will be sufficient or effective to cover Realogys actual obligations if and when they arise.
15
In addition to the matters discussed above, the Company is also involved in claims, legal proceedings and governmental inquiries related to its vehicle rental operations, including contract disputes, business practices, insurance claims, intellectual property, environmental issues and other commercial, employment and tax matters, including patent claims, wage and hour claims and breach of contract claims by licensees. The Company believes that it has adequately accrued for such matters as appropriate or, for matters not requiring accrual, believes that they will not have a material adverse impact on its results of operations, financial position or cash flows based on information currently available. However, litigation is inherently unpredictable and, although the Company believes that its accruals are adequate and/or that it has valid defenses in these matters, unfavorable resolutions could occur, which could adversely impact the Companys results of operations or cash flows in a particular reporting period.
Commitments to Purchase Vehicles
The Company maintains agreements with vehicle manufacturers which require the Company to purchase approximately $1 billion of vehicles from manufacturers over the next twelve months. The majority of these commitments are subject to the vehicle manufacturers satisfying their obligations under the repurchase and guaranteed depreciation agreements. The Company is in the process of finalizing its purchase commitments with manufacturers for 2009 model-year vehicles, which will significantly increase the Companys outstanding commitments. The Companys featured suppliers for the Avis and Budget brands are General Motors Corporation and Ford Motor Company, respectively, although the Company purchases vehicles produced by numerous other manufacturers. The purchase of such vehicles is financed primarily through the issuance of vehicle-backed debt in addition to cash received upon the sale of vehicles in the used car market and under repurchase and guaranteed depreciation programs.
Concentrations
Concentrations of credit risk at June 30, 2008 include (i) risks related to the Companys repurchase and guaranteed depreciation agreements with General Motors Corporation and Ford Motor Company primarily with respect to receivables for program cars that have been returned to the car manufacturers and (ii) receivables from Realogy and Wyndham of $529 million and $327 million, respectively, related to certain contingent, income tax and other corporate liabilities assumed by Realogy and Wyndham in connection with the Separation.
Other Guarantees
The Company has provided certain guarantees to subsidiaries of Realogy, Wyndham and Travelport which, as previously discussed, were disposed during third quarter 2006. These guarantees relate primarily to various real estate leases. The maximum potential amount of future payments that the Company may be required to make under these guarantees is estimated to be approximately $332 million. At June 30, 2008, the liability recorded by the Company in connection with these guarantees was approximately $6 million. To the extent that the Company would be required to perform under any of these guarantees, the Company is entitled to indemnification from Realogy, Wyndham and/or Travelport.
16. | Stockholders Equity |
Dividends
For the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, the Company did not pay cash dividends.
Share Repurchases
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, the Company used approximately $33 million of available cash to repurchase approximately 2.9 million shares of Avis Budget Group common stock under its common stock repurchase program. The Company did not repurchase any of its common stock during the six months ended June 30, 2007.
16
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are as follows:
Currency Translation Adjustments |
Unrealized Losses on Cash Flow Hedges |
Minimum Pension Liability Adjustment |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | |||||||||||
Balance, January 1, 2008 |
$ | 117 | $ | (63 | ) | $ | (22 | ) | $ | 32 | ||||
Current period change |
25 | (2 | ) | | 23 | |||||||||
Balance, June 30, 2008 |
$ | 142 | $ | (65 | ) | $ | (22 | ) | $ | 55 | ||||
All components of accumulated other comprehensive income are net of tax except currency translation adjustments, which exclude income taxes related to indefinite investments in foreign subsidiaries.
Total Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive income consists of net income and other gains and losses affecting stockholders equity that, under U.S. GAAP, are excluded from net income.
The components of other comprehensive income were as follows:
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 15 | $ | 24 | $ | 4 | $ | 36 | |||||
Other comprehensive income: |
|||||||||||||
Currency translation adjustments |
14 | 26 | 25 | 34 | |||||||||
Gains (losses) on cash flow hedges, net of tax |
68 | 26 | (2 | ) | 15 | ||||||||
82 | 52 | 23 | 49 | ||||||||||
Total comprehensive income |
$ | 97 | $ | 76 | $ | 27 | $ | 85 | |||||
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, the Company recorded unrealized losses on cash flow hedges of $2 million, net of tax in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), which primarily related to the derivatives used to manage the interest-rate risk associated with the Companys vehicle-backed debt and the Companys floating rate debt. Such amount in the six months ended June 30, 2008, included $5 million, excluding tax, of unrealized losses on cash flow hedges related to the Companys vehicle-backed debt and is offset by a corresponding decrease in the Companys Investment in Avis Budget Rental Car Funding (AESOP) LLC on the Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheet.
17. | Stock-Based Compensation |
The Company records compensation expense for all outstanding employee stock awards. The Company recorded pretax stock-based compensation expense of $2 million and $5 million ($1 million and $3 million, after tax) during second quarter 2008 and 2007, respectively, and $6 million and $9 million ($4 million and $5 million, after tax) during the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, related to employee stock awards that were granted by the Company.
The Company applies the direct method and tax law ordering approach to calculate the tax effects of stock-based compensation. In jurisdictions with net operating loss carryforwards, tax deductions for 2008 and 2007 exercises of stock-based awards did not generate a cash benefit. Approximately $31 million of tax benefits will be recorded in additional paid-in capital when realized in these jurisdictions.
17
The activity related to the Companys restricted stock units (RSUs) and stock option plans consisted of (in thousands of shares):
Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||
RSUs | Options | |||||||||||
Number of RSUs |
Weighted Average Grant Price |
Number of Options (b) |
Weighted Average Exercise Price | |||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2008 |
2,330 | $ | 25.03 | 5,963 | $ | 26.16 | ||||||
Granted at fair market value |
1,128 | 12.73 | | | ||||||||
Vested/exercised |
(503 | ) | 24.89 | (5 | ) | 10.68 | ||||||
Cancelled |
(112 | ) | 21.67 | (615 | ) | 36.79 | ||||||
Balance at June 30, 2008 (a) |
2,843 | 20.30 | 5,343 | 24.96 | ||||||||
(a) |
As of June 30, 2008, the Companys outstanding RSUs had aggregate intrinsic value of $24 million. Aggregate unrecognized compensation expense related to RSUs amounted to $50 million as of June 30, 2008. The balance of RSUs at June 30, 2008 consists of 1,796 related to time-based awards and 1,047 related to performance-based awards. |
(b) |
All stock options outstanding as of June 30, 2008 are exercisable and have a weighted average remaining contractual life of 1.6 years. |
The table below summarizes information regarding the Companys outstanding and exercisable stock options as of June 30, 2008 (in thousands of shares):
Range of Exercise Prices |
Weighted Average Contractual Life |
Number of Options | ||
Less than $15.00 |
1.1 | 874 | ||
$15.01 to $20.00 |
2.9 | 388 | ||
$20.01 to $25.00 |
1.9 | 214 | ||
$25.01 to $30.00 |
1.8 | 2,686 | ||
$30.01 to $35.00 |
1.2 | 1,160 | ||
$35.01 and above |
0.3 | 21 | ||
1.6 | 5,343 | |||
As of June 30, 2008, the Company also had approximately 0.5 million outstanding stock appreciation rights with a weighted average exercise price of $24.40, a weighted average remaining contractual life of 5.1 years and unrecognized compensation expense of $2 million.
18. | Segment Information |
The reportable segments presented below represent the Companys operating segments for which separate financial information is available and is utilized on a regular basis by its chief operating decision maker to assess performance and to allocate resources. In identifying its reportable segments, the Company also considers the nature of services provided by its operating segments. Management evaluates the operating results of each of its reportable segments based upon revenue and EBITDA, which is defined as income from continuing operations before non-vehicle related depreciation and amortization, any goodwill impairment, non-vehicle related interest and income taxes. The Companys presentation of EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly-titled measures used by other companies.
Three Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Revenues | EBITDA | Revenues | EBITDA(a) | |||||||||||
Domestic Car Rental |
$ | 1,241 | $ | 46 | $ | 1,195 | $ | 59 | ||||||
International Car Rental |
230 | 25 | 202 | 21 | ||||||||||
Truck Rental |
105 | 8 | 114 | 10 | ||||||||||
Corporate and Other (b) |
1 | (2 | ) | 5 | (3 | ) | ||||||||
Total Company |
$ | 1,577 | 77 | $ | 1,516 | 87 | ||||||||
Less: Non-vehicle related depreciation and amortization |
20 | 20 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense related to corporate debt, net |
32 | 32 | ||||||||||||
Income before income taxes |
$ | 25 | $ | 35 | ||||||||||
18
Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Revenues | EBITDA | Revenues | EBITDA(a) | |||||||||||
Domestic Car Rental |
$ | 2,377 | $ | 61 | $ | 2,279 | $ | 110 | ||||||
International Car Rental |
460 | 55 | 393 | 45 | ||||||||||
Truck Rental |
183 | (2 | ) | 197 | (1 | ) | ||||||||
Corporate and Other (b) |
2 | (7 | ) | 12 | 1 | |||||||||
Total Company |
$ | 3,022 | 107 | $ | 2,881 | 155 | ||||||||
Less: Non-vehicle related depreciation and amortization |
39 | 43 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense related to corporate debt, net |
61 | 65 | ||||||||||||
Income before income taxes |
$ | 7 | $ | 47 | ||||||||||
(a) |
In the three months ended June 30, 2007, EBITDA reflects Separation-related costs of $2 million in Domestic Car Rental, and $1 million within Corporate and Other, respectively. In the six months ended June 30, 2007, EBITDA reflects Separation-related costs (credits) of $3 million in Domestic Car Rental, and $(6) million within Corporate and Other, respectively. |
(b) |
Includes unallocated corporate overhead, the elimination of transactions between segments and the results of operations of certain non-strategic businesses. |
Since December 31, 2007, there have been no significant changes in segment assets with the exception of the Companys Domestic Car Rental segment, for which assets under vehicle programs were approximately $8.1 billion and approximately $6.4 billion at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.
19. | Guarantor and Non-Guarantor Consolidating Condensed Financial Statements |
The following consolidating financial information presents Consolidating Condensed Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, Consolidating Condensed Statements of Income for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 and Consolidating Condensed Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 for: (i) Avis Budget Group, Inc. (the Parent); (ii) Avis Budget Car Rental and Avis Budget Finance, Inc. (the Subsidiary Issuers); (iii) the guarantor subsidiaries; (iv) the non-guarantor subsidiaries; (v) elimination entries necessary to consolidate the Parent with the Subsidiary Issuers, the guarantor and non-guarantor subsidiaries; and (vi) the Company on a consolidated basis. The Subsidiary Issuers and the guarantor and non-guarantor subsidiaries are 100% owned by the Parent, either directly or indirectly. All guarantees are full and unconditional and joint and several. This financial information is being presented in relation to the Companys Guarantee of the Notes issued by Avis Budget Car Rental. See Note 13Long-term Debt and Borrowing Arrangements for additional description of these Notes. The Notes have separate investors than the equity investors of the Company and the Notes are guaranteed by certain subsidiaries.
Investments in subsidiaries are accounted for using the equity method of accounting for purposes of the consolidating presentation. The principal elimination entries relate to investments in subsidiaries and intercompany balances and transactions. For purposes of the accompanying Consolidating Condensed Statements of Income, certain expenses incurred by the Subsidiary Issuers are allocated to the guarantor and non-guarantor subsidiaries.
19
Consolidating Condensed Statements of Income
Three Months Ended June 30, 2008
Parent | Subsidiary Issuers |
Guarantor Subsidiaries |
Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries |
Eliminations | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Vehicle rental |
$ | | $ | | $ | 1,038 | $ | 156 | $ | | $ | 1,194 | |||||||||||
Other |
1 | | 284 | 537 | (439 | ) | 383 | ||||||||||||||||
Net revenues |
1 | | 1,322 | 693 | (439 | ) | 1,577 | ||||||||||||||||
Expenses |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating |
1 | 7 | 678 | 125 | | 811 | |||||||||||||||||
Vehicle depreciation and lease charges, net |
| | 385 | 219 | (163 | ) | 441 | ||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative |
3 | | 149 | 21 | | 173 | |||||||||||||||||
Vehicle interest, net |
| | 67 | 52 | (45 | ) | 74 | ||||||||||||||||
Non-vehicle related depreciation and amortization |
| | 18 | 2 | | 20 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest expense related to corporate debt, net: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
| 33 | | (1 | ) | | 32 | ||||||||||||||||
Intercompany interest expense (income) |
| (33 | ) | 33 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Separation costs, net |
| 1 | | | | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Total expenses |
4 | 8 | 1,330 | 418 | (208 | ) | 1,552 | ||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of subsidiaries |
(3 | ) | (8 | ) | (8 | ) | 275 | (231 | ) | 25 | |||||||||||||
Provision (benefit) for income taxes |
(1 | ) | 3 | (7 | ) | 15 | | 10 | |||||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries |
17 | 28 | 29 | | (74 | ) | | ||||||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 15 | $ | 17 | $ | 28 | $ | 260 | $ | (305 | ) | $ | 15 | ||||||||||
20
Six Months Ended June 30, 2008
Parent | Subsidiary Issuers |
Guarantor Subsidiaries |
Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries |
Eliminations | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Vehicle rental |
$ | | $ | | $ | 1,992 | $ | 321 | $ | | $ | 2,313 | |||||||||||
Other |
1 | | 519 | 1,032 | (843 | ) | 709 | ||||||||||||||||
Net revenues |
1 | | 2,511 | 1,353 | (843 | ) | 3,022 | ||||||||||||||||
Expenses |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating |
2 | 7 | 1,319 | 260 | | 1,588 | |||||||||||||||||
Vehicle depreciation and lease charges, net |
| | 714 | 624 | (515 | ) | 823 | ||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative |
6 | | 296 | 42 | | 344 | |||||||||||||||||
Vehicle interest, net |
| | 146 | 111 | (98 | ) | 159 | ||||||||||||||||
Non-vehicle related depreciation and amortization |
| | 35 | 4 | | 39 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest expense related to corporate debt, net: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense, net |
(1 | ) | 64 | | (2 | ) | | 61 | |||||||||||||||
Intercompany interest expense (income) |
| (64 | ) | 64 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Separation costs, net |
| 1 | | | | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Total expenses |
7 | 8 | 2,574 | 1,039 | (613 | ) | 3,015 | ||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of subsidiaries |
(6 | ) | (8 | ) | (63 | ) | 314 | (230 | ) | 7 | |||||||||||||
Provision (benefit) for income taxes |
(3 | ) | 3 | (26 | ) | 29 | | 3 | |||||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries |
7 | 18 | 55 | | (80 | ) | | ||||||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 4 | $ | 7 | $ | 18 | $ | 285 | $ | (310 | ) | $ | 4 | ||||||||||
21
Three Months Ended June 30, 2007
Parent | Subsidiary Issuers |
Guarantor Subsidiaries |
Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries |
Eliminations | Total | ||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Vehicle rental |
$ | | $ | | $ | 1,033 | $ | 142 | $ | | $ | 1,175 | |||||||||
Other |
3 | | 257 | 566 | (485 | ) | 341 | ||||||||||||||
Net revenues |
3 | | 1,290 | 708 | (485 | ) | 1,516 | ||||||||||||||
Expenses |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Operating |
3 | | 665 | 117 | | 785 | |||||||||||||||
Vehicle depreciation and lease charges, net |
| | 352 | 404 | (354 | ) | 402 | ||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative |
1 | | 145 | 22 | | 168 | |||||||||||||||
Vehicle interest, net |
| | 67 | 85 | (81 | ) | 71 | ||||||||||||||
Non-vehicle related depreciation and amortization |
| | 18 | 2 | | 20 | |||||||||||||||
Interest expense related to corporate debt, net: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
(1 | ) | 33 | | | | 32 | ||||||||||||||
Intercompany interest expense (income) |
| (33 | ) | 33 | | | | ||||||||||||||
Separation costs, net |
1 | 2 | | | | 3 | |||||||||||||||
Total expenses |
4 | 2 | 1,280 | 630 | (435 | ) | 1,481 | ||||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of subsidiaries |
(1 | ) | (2 | ) | 10 | 78 | (50 | ) | 35 | ||||||||||||
Provision (benefit) for income taxes |
(1 | ) | (1 | ) | 4 | 10 | | 12 | |||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries |
23 | 75 | 69 | | (167 | ) | | ||||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations |
23 | 74 | 75 | 68 | (217 | ) | 23 | ||||||||||||||
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax |
1 | | | | | 1 | |||||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 24 | $ | 74 | $ | 75 | $ | 68 | $ | (217 | ) | $ | 24 | ||||||||
22
Six Months Ended June 30, 2007
Parent | Subsidiary Issuers |
Guarantor Subsidiaries |
Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries |
Eliminations | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Vehicle rental |
$ | | $ | | $ | 1,970 | $ | 282 | $ | | $ | 2,252 | |||||||||||
Other |
5 | | 462 | 1,062 | (900 | ) | 629 | ||||||||||||||||
Net revenues |
5 | | 2,432 | 1,344 | (900 | ) | 2,881 | ||||||||||||||||
Expenses |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating |
2 | | 1,263 | 231 | | 1,496 | |||||||||||||||||
Vehicle depreciation and lease charges, net |
| | 671 | 750 | (657 | ) | 764 | ||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative |
7 | | 277 | 43 | | 327 | |||||||||||||||||
Vehicle interest, net |
| | 134 | 154 | (146 | ) | 142 | ||||||||||||||||
Non-vehicle related depreciation and amortization |
1 | | 39 | 3 | | 43 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest expense related to corporate debt, net: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
(2 | ) | 67 | | | | 65 | ||||||||||||||||
Intercompany interest expense (income) |
| (67 | ) | 67 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Separation costs, net |
(6 | ) | 3 | | | | (3 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Total expenses |
2 | 3 | 2,451 | 1,181 | (803 | ) | 2,834 | ||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of subsidiaries |
3 | (3 | ) | (19 | ) | 163 | (97 | ) | 47 | ||||||||||||||
Provision (benefit) for income taxes |
(4 | ) | (2 | ) | (4 | ) | 22 | | 12 | ||||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries |
28 | 127 | 142 | | (297 | ) | | ||||||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations |
35 | 126 | 127 | 141 | (394 | ) | 35 | ||||||||||||||||
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax |
1 | | | | | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 36 | $ | 126 | $ | 127 | $ | 141 | $ | (394 | ) | $ | 36 | ||||||||||
23
Consolidating Condensed Balance Sheets
As of June 30, 2008
Parent | Subsidiary Issuers |
Guarantor Subsidiaries |
Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries |
Eliminations | Total | ||||||||||||||||
Assets |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Current assets: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 17 | $ | 110 | $ | 10 | $ | 125 | $ | | $ | 262 | |||||||||
Receivables, net |
| 87 | 241 | 106 | | 434 | |||||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes |
| | 73 | 2 | (31 | ) | 44 | ||||||||||||||
Other current assets |
252 | 98 | 86 | 59 | (3 | ) | 492 | ||||||||||||||
Total current assets |
269 | 295 | 410 | 292 | (34 | ) | 1,232 | ||||||||||||||
Property and equipment, net |
| 186 | 268 | 51 | | 505 | |||||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes |
4 | 241 | | 53 | (43 | ) | 255 | ||||||||||||||
Goodwill |
| 3 | 985 | 12 | | 1,000 | |||||||||||||||
Other intangibles, net |
| 17 | 691 | 94 | | 802 | |||||||||||||||
Other non-current assets |
674 | 68 | 24 | 7 | | 773 | |||||||||||||||
Intercompany receivables (payables) |
457 | 584 | (1,032 | ) | (9 | ) | | | |||||||||||||
Investment in subsidiaries |
853 | 2,101 | 2,522 | | (5,476 | ) | | ||||||||||||||
Total assets exclusive of assets under vehicle programs |
2,257 | 3,495 | 3,868 | 500 | (5,553 | ) | 4,567 | ||||||||||||||
Assets under vehicle programs: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Vehicles, net |
| | 192 | 8,947 | | 9,139 | |||||||||||||||
Receivables from vehicle manufacturers and other |
| | | 119 | | 119 | |||||||||||||||
Investment in Avis Budget Rental Car Funding (AESOP) LLC-related party |
| | | 567 | | 567 | |||||||||||||||
| | 192 | 9,633 | | 9,825 | ||||||||||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 2,257 | $ | 3,495 | $ | 4,060 | $ | 10,133 | $ | (5,553 | ) | $ | 14,392 | ||||||||
Liabilities and stockholders equity |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Current liabilities: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts payable and other current liabilities |
$ | 280 | $ | 204 | $ | 479 | $ | 117 | $ | (34 | ) | $ | 1,046 | ||||||||
Current portion of long-term debt |
| 9 | | | | 9 | |||||||||||||||
Total current liabilities |
280 | 213 | 479 | 117 | (34 | ) | 1,055 | ||||||||||||||
Long-term debt |
| 1,784 | | | | 1,784 | |||||||||||||||
Other non-current liabilities |
520 | 102 | 204 | 170 | (43 | ) | 953 | ||||||||||||||
Total liabilities exclusive of liabilities under vehicle programs |
800 | 2,099 | 683 | 287 | (77 | ) | 3,792 | ||||||||||||||
Liabilities under vehicle programs: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Debt |
| 84 | 179 | 923 | | 1,186 | |||||||||||||||
Due to Avis Budget Rental Car Funding (AESOP) LLC-related party |
| | | 6,314 | | 6,314 | |||||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes |
| | 1,097 | 157 | | 1,254 | |||||||||||||||
Other |
| 4 | | 385 | | 389 | |||||||||||||||
| 88 | 1,276 | 7,779 | | 9,143 | ||||||||||||||||
Total stockholders equity |
1,457 | 1,308 | 2,101 | 2,067 | (5,476 | ) | 1,457 | ||||||||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
$ | 2,257 | $ | 3,495 | $ | 4,060 | $ | 10,133 | $ | (5,553 | ) | $ | 14,392 | ||||||||
24
As of December 31, 2007
Parent | Subsidiary Issuers |
Guarantor Subsidiaries |
Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries |
Eliminations | Total | ||||||||||||||||
Assets |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Current assets: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 37 | $ | 99 | $ | 12 | $ | 66 | $ | | $ | 214 | |||||||||
Receivables, net |
2 | 67 | 220 | 103 | | 392 | |||||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes |
| | 73 | 2 | (33 | ) | 42 | ||||||||||||||
Other current assets |
329 | 104 | 82 | 55 | | 570 | |||||||||||||||
Total current assets |
368 | 270 | 387 | 226 | (33 | ) | 1,218 | ||||||||||||||
Property and equipment, net |
| 175 | 275 | 50 | | 500 | |||||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes |
4 | 223 | | 49 | (42 | ) | 234 | ||||||||||||||
Goodwill |
| 3 | 985 | 12 | | 1,000 | |||||||||||||||
Other intangibles, net |
| 17 | 648 | 95 | | 760 | |||||||||||||||
Other non-current assets |
681 | 72 | 22 | 6 | | 781 | |||||||||||||||
Intercompany receivables (payables) |
460 | 672 | (1,007 | ) | (125 | ) | | | |||||||||||||
Investment in subsidiaries |
841 | 2,063 | 2,496 | | (5,400 | ) | | ||||||||||||||
Total assets exclusive of assets under vehicle programs |
2,354 | 3,495 | 3,806 | 313 | (5,475 | ) | 4,493 | ||||||||||||||
Assets under vehicle programs: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Program cash |
| | | 1 | | 1 | |||||||||||||||
Vehicles, net |
| | 207 | 7,267 | | 7,474 | |||||||||||||||
Receivables from vehicle manufacturers and other |
| | | 276 | | 276 | |||||||||||||||
Investment in Avis Budget Rental Car Funding (AESOP) LLC-related party |
| | | 230 | | 230 | |||||||||||||||
| | 207 | 7,774 | | 7,981 | ||||||||||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 2,354 | $ | 3,495 | $ | 4,013 | $ | 8,087 | $ | (5,475 | ) | $ | 12,474 | ||||||||
Liabilities and stockholders equity |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Current liabilities: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts payable and other current liabilities |
$ | 356 | $ | 233 | $ | 433 | $ | 105 | $ | (33 | ) | $ | 1,094 | ||||||||
Current portion of long-term debt |
1 | 9 | | | | 10 | |||||||||||||||
Total current liabilities |
357 | 242 | 433 | 105 | (33 | ) | 1,104 | ||||||||||||||
Long-term debt |
| 1,787 | | | | 1,787 | |||||||||||||||
Other non-current liabilities |
532 | 110 | 218 | 180 | (42 | ) | 998 | ||||||||||||||
Total liabilities exclusive of liabilities under vehicle programs |
889 | 2,139 | 651 | 285 | (75 | ) | 3,889 | ||||||||||||||
Liabilities under vehicle programs: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Debt |
| 58 | 204 | 688 | | 950 | |||||||||||||||
Due to Avis Budget Rental Car Funding (AESOP) LLC-related party |
| | | 4,646 | | 4,646 | |||||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes |
| | 1,088 | 158 | | 1,246 | |||||||||||||||
Other |
| 2 | 7 | 269 | | 278 | |||||||||||||||
| 60 | 1,299 | 5,761 | | 7,120 | ||||||||||||||||
Total stockholders equity |
1,465 | 1,296 | 2,063 | 2,041 | (5,400 | ) | 1,465 | ||||||||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
$ | 2,354 | $ | 3,495 | $ | 4,013 | $ | 8,087 | $ | (5,475 | ) | $ | 12,474 | ||||||||
25
Consolidating Condensed Statements of Cash Flows
Six Months Ended June 30, 2008
Parent | Subsidiary Issuers |
Guarantor Subsidiaries |
Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries |
Eliminations | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
$ | (2 | ) | $ | 72 | $ | 3 | $ | 876 | $ | (109 | ) | $ | 840 | ||||||||||
Investing activities |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Property and equipment additions |
| (28 | ) | (13 | ) | (6 | ) | | (47 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Net assets acquired, net of cash acquired, and acquisition-related payments |
| | (71 | ) | | | (71 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Proceeds received on asset sales |
| 6 | 1 | 2 | | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Payments made to Realogy and Wyndham, net |
1 | | | | | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from dispositions of businesses, net of transaction-related payments |
(1 | ) | | | | | (1 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Other, net |
(3 | ) | (6 | ) | 1 | | (8 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Net cash used in investing activities exclusive of vehicle programs |
| (25 | ) | (89 | ) | (3 | ) | | (117 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Vehicle programs: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Increase in program cash |
| | | 1 | | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Investment in vehicles |
| (131 | ) | (9 | ) | (6,062 | ) | | (6,202 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Proceeds received on disposition of vehicles |
| 67 | 1 | 3,959 | | 4,027 | ||||||||||||||||||
Investment in Avis Budget Rental Car Funding (AESOP) LLC-related party |
| | | (343 | ) | | (343 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| (64 | ) | (8 | ) | (2,445 | ) | | (2,517 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
| (89 | ) | (97 | ) | (2,448 | ) | | (2,634 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Financing activities |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Principal payments on borrowings |
(1 | ) | (4 | ) | | | | (5 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Repurchases of common stock |
(33 | ) | | | | | (33 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Net intercompany transactions |
16 | 17 | 119 | (261 | ) | 109 | | |||||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities exclusive of vehicle programs |
(18 | ) | 13 | 119 | (261 | ) | 109 | (38 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Vehicle programs: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from borrowings |
| 30 | | 5,769 | | 5,799 | ||||||||||||||||||
Principal payments on borrowings |
| (9 | ) | (25 | ) | (4,102 | ) | | (4,136 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Net change in short-term borrowings |
| | | 226 | | 226 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other, net |
| (6 | ) | (2 | ) | | | (8 | ) | |||||||||||||||
| 15 | (27 | ) | 1,893 | | 1,881 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
(18 | ) | 28 | 92 | 1,632 | 109 | 1,843 | |||||||||||||||||
Effect of changes in exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents |
| | | (1 | ) | | (1 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
(20 | ) | 11 | (2 | ) | 59 | | 48 | ||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period |
37 | 99 | 12 | 66 | | 214 | ||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period |
$ | 17 | $ | 110 | $ | 10 | $ | 125 | $ | | $ | 262 | ||||||||||||
26
Six Months Ended June 30, 2007
Parent | Subsidiary Issuers |
Guarantor Subsidiaries |
Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries |
Eliminations | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
$ | 1 | $ | 14 | $ | 47 | $ | 799 | $ | (90 | ) | $ | 771 | |||||||||||
Investing activities |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Property and equipment additions |
| (25 | ) | (20 | ) | (6 | ) | | (51 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Net assets acquired, net of cash acquired, and acquisition-related payments |
| | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Proceeds received on asset sales |
| 6 | | 2 | | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from sale of investment |
106 | | | | | 106 | ||||||||||||||||||
Payments made to Realogy and Wyndham, net |
(88 | ) | | | | | (88 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from dispositions of businesses, net of transaction-related payments |
(1 | ) | | | | | (1 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Other, net |
| (4 | ) | (4 | ) | | | (8 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities exclusive of vehicle programs |
17 | (23 | ) | (25 | ) | (4 | ) | | (35 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Vehicle programs: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Increase in program cash |
| | | (4 | ) | | (4 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Investment in vehicles |
| (57 | ) | (58 | ) | (6,365 | ) | | (6,480 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Proceeds received on disposition of vehicles |
| 128 | 46 | 3,578 | | 3,752 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 71 | (12 | ) | (2,791 | ) | | (2,732 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |
17 | 48 | (37 | ) | (2,795 | ) | | (2,767 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Financing activities |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Principal payments on borrowings |
(1 | ) | (38 | ) | | | | (39 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Issuances of common stock |
39 | | | | | 39 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net intercompany transactions |
(2 | ) | (36 | ) | 6 | (58 | ) | 90 | | |||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities exclusive of vehicle programs |
36 | (74 | ) | 6 | (58 | ) | 90 | | ||||||||||||||||
Vehicle programs: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from borrowings |
| | | 6,287 | | 6,287 | ||||||||||||||||||
Principal payments on borrowings |
| | (26 | ) | (4,336 | ) | | (4,362 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Net change in short-term borrowings |
| | | 129 | | 129 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other, net |
(1 | ) | (4 | ) | (1 | ) | | | (6 | ) | ||||||||||||||
(1 | ) | (4 | ) | (27 | ) | 2,080 | | 2,048 | ||||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
35 | (78 | ) | (21 | ) | 2,022 | 90 | 2,048 | ||||||||||||||||
Effect of changes in exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents |
| | | 3 | | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
53 | (16 | ) | (11 | ) | 29 | | 55 | ||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period |
35 | 75 | 29 | 33 | | 172 | ||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period |
$ | 88 | $ | 59 | $ | 18 | $ | 62 | $ | | $ | 227 | ||||||||||||
27
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements and accompanying Notes thereto included elsewhere herein and with our 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 29, 2008 (the 2007 Form 10-K). Unless otherwise noted, all dollar amounts are in millions and those relating to our results of operations are presented before taxes.
We operate two of the most recognized brands in the global vehicle rental industry through Avis Rent A Car System, LLC and Budget Rent A Car System, Inc. We provide car and truck rentals and ancillary services to businesses and consumers in the United States and internationally.
We operate in the following business segments:
| Domestic Car Rental provides car rentals and ancillary products and services in the United States. |
| International Car Rental provides car rentals and ancillary products and services primarily in Argentina, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. |
| Truck Rental provides truck rentals and related services to consumers and light commercial users in the United States. |
Our revenues are derived principally from car and truck rentals in our Company-owned operations and include (i) time and mileage (T&M) fees charged to our customers for vehicle rentals, (ii) reimbursement from our customers for certain operating expenses we incur, including gasoline and vehicle licensing fees, as well as airport concession fees, which we pay in exchange for the right to operate at airports and other locations, and (iii) sales of loss damage waivers and insurance and rentals of navigation units and other items in conjunction with vehicle rentals. We also earn royalty revenue from our franchisees in conjunction with their vehicle rental transactions.
Car rental volumes are closely associated with the travel industry, particularly airline passenger volumes, or enplanements. Because we operate primarily in the United States and generate a significant portion of our revenue from our on-airport operations, we expect that our ability to generate revenue growth will be somewhat dependent on increases in domestic enplanements. We have also experienced significant per-unit fleet cost increases over the last three years, which have negatively impacted our margins. Accordingly, our ability to achieve profit margins consistent with prior periods remains dependent on our ability to successfully reflect corresponding changes in our pricing programs. Our vehicle rental operations are seasonal. Historically, the third quarter of the year has been our strongest quarter due to the increased level of leisure travel and household moving activity. Any occurrence that disrupts rental activity during the third quarter could have a disproportionate adverse effect on our results of operations. We have a predominantly variable cost structure and routinely adjust the size and, therefore, the cost of our rental fleet in response to fluctuations in demand. However, certain expenses, such as rent, are fixed and cannot be reduced in response to seasonal fluctuations in our operations.
We believe that the following trends, among others, may affect and/or have impacted our financial condition and results of operations:
| Domestic enplanements, which are now expected to decline in 2008 compared to 2007; |
| Rising per-unit car fleet costs, which we began to experience in 2005 and have continued with model-year 2008 vehicles; |
| Difficulty in achieving sustained pricing increases; |
| Our continued expansion in off-airport or local vehicle rentals, including insurance replacement rentals; |
| Increases in borrowing spreads for vehicle-related debt; and |
| Decreased demand for truck rentals, which has been impacted by household moving activity. |
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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Discussed below are our consolidated results of operations and the results of operations for each of our reportable segments.
We measure performance using the following key operating statistics: (i) rental days, which represents the total number of days (or portion thereof) a vehicle was rented, and (ii) T&M revenue per rental day, which represents the average daily revenue we earned from rental and mileage fees charged to our customers. Our car rental operating statistics (rental days and T&M revenue per rental day) are all calculated based on the actual usage of the vehicle during a 24-hour period. We believe that this methodology, while conservative, provides our management with the most relevant statistics in order to manage the business. Our calculation may not be comparable to other companies calculation of similarly-titled statistics.
The reportable segments presented below represent our operating segments for which separate financial information is available and is utilized on a regular basis by our chief operating decision maker to assess performance and to allocate resources. In identifying our reportable segments, we also consider the nature of services provided by our operating segments. Management evaluates the operating results of each of our reportable segments based upon revenue and EBITDA, which we define as income from continuing operations before non-vehicle related depreciation and amortization, any goodwill impairment, non-vehicle related interest and income taxes. Our presentation of EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly-titled measures used by other companies.
THREE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2008 VS. THREE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2007
Our consolidated results of operations comprised the following:
Three Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | Change | ||||||||
Net revenues |
$ | 1,577 | $ | 1,516 | $ | 61 | ||||
Total expenses |
1,552 | 1,481 | 71 | |||||||
Income before income taxes |
25 | 35 | (10 | ) | ||||||
Provision for income taxes |
10 | 12 | (2 | ) | ||||||
Income from continuing operations |
15 | 23 | (8 | ) | ||||||
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations, net of tax |
| 1 | (1 | ) | ||||||
Net income |
$ | 15 | $ | 24 | $ | (9 | ) | |||
During second quarter 2008, our net revenues increased $61 million (4%) compared to second quarter 2007, driven by our car rental operations which experienced a 3% increase in T&M revenue, due primarily to a 3% increase in rental days, and a 15% increase in ancillary revenues. The growth in our car rental operations was partially offset by an 8% decrease in truck rental revenue. Ancillary revenue growth was primarily driven by increases in airport concession and vehicle licensing revenues, rentals of GPS navigation units, and sales of insurance products and other items. In addition, the total revenue increase includes $20 million related to the effect of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations on the translation of our international operations results into U.S. dollars.
The total expense increase of $71 million (5%) was principally due to increases of (i) $39 million (10%) in vehicle depreciation and lease charges resulting from a 2% growth in our average car rental fleet and higher per unit vehicle costs, (ii) $26 million (3%) in operating expenses largely due to the 3% increase in car rental days, (iii) $5 million in selling, general and administrative expenses related to increases in marketing and commission expenditures, most of which are volume-related, and other items, and (iv) $3 million in vehicle interest expense. The increase in total expenses includes an adverse impact from foreign exchange currency rates of $18 million. As a result of these items, offset by a $2 million reduction in our provision for income taxes, our income from continuing operations decreased $8 million.
Our effective tax rate for continuing operations was a provision of 40.0% and 34.3% for the second quarter 2008 and 2007, respectively.
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Following is a discussion of the results of each of our reportable segments during the three months ended June 30:
Revenues | EBITDA | |||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | % Change |
2008 | 2007 | % Change |
|||||||||||||||
Domestic Car Rental |
$ | 1,241 | $ | 1,195 | 4 | % | $ | 46 | $ | 59 | (22 | %) | ||||||||
International Car Rental |
230 | 202 | 14 | 25 | 21 | 19 | ||||||||||||||
Truck Rental |
105 | 114 | (8 | ) | 8 | 10 | (20 | ) | ||||||||||||
Corporate and Other (a) |
1 | 5 | * | (2 | ) | (3 | ) | * | ||||||||||||
Total Company |
$ | 1,577 | $ | 1,516 | 77 | 87 | ||||||||||||||
Less: Non-vehicle related depreciation and amortization |
20 | 20 | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense related to corporate debt, net |
32 | 32 | ||||||||||||||||||
Income before income taxes |
$ | 25 | $ | 35 | ||||||||||||||||
(*) |
Not meaningful. |
(a) |
Includes unallocated corporate overhead, the elimination of transactions between segments and the results of operations of certain non-strategic businesses. EBITDA for 2007 also includes Separation-related costs of $3 million. |
Domestic Car Rental
Revenues increased $46 million (4%) while EBITDA decreased $13 million (22%) in second quarter 2008 compared with second quarter 2007, primarily due to a modest increase in car rental volume and increased ancillary revenues offset by increased fleet costs.
The revenue increase of $46 million was comprised of a $13 million (1%) increase in T&M revenue and a $33 million (13%) increase in ancillary revenues. The increase in T&M revenue was principally driven by a 3% increase in rental days while T&M revenue per day declined 1% from second quarter 2007. The $33 million increase in ancillary revenues was due primarily to (i) a $14 million increase in gasoline sales, which was more than offset in EBITDA by $17 million of higher gasoline expense, (ii) a $13 million increase in rentals of GPS navigation units, sales of insurance products and other items, and (iii) a $6 million increase in airport concession and vehicle licensing revenues, $4 million of which was offset in EBITDA by higher airport concession and vehicle licensing expenses remitted to airport and other regulatory authorities.
The favorable effect of incremental T&M revenues was offset in EBITDA by $35 million (11%) of increased fleet depreciation and lease charges resulting from a 2% increase in the average size of our domestic rental fleet and an 8% increase in per-unit fleet costs. EBITDA also reflected a $4 million (1%) increase in operating and selling, general and administrative expenses including (i) $6 million of incremental operating expenses primarily representing inflationary increase in salaries and wages, off-airport rental expense and other costs, (ii) a $5 million increase in selling, general and administrative expense related primarily to increased travel agency commissions and (iii) a $7 million increase in expenses associated with increased car rental volume and fleet size, primarily related to agency operator commissions, credit card fees and other items, offset by a $14 million reduction in insurance costs due to favorable experience. EBITDA also reflected the absence of a $4 million gain on the mark-to-market of gasoline hedges recorded in the second quarter 2007.
International Car Rental
Revenues and EBITDA increased $28 million (14%) and $4 million (19%), respectively, in second quarter 2008 compared with second quarter 2007, primarily due to the impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements and growth in ancillary revenues.
The revenue increase of $28 million was comprised of a $15 million (11%) increase in car rental T&M revenue and a $13 million (22%) increase in ancillary revenues. The total growth in revenue includes a $20 million increase related to foreign currency exchange rates, impacting T&M revenue by $14 million and ancillary revenues by $6 million, and was largely offset in EBITDA by the opposite impact of foreign exchange on expenses. The increase in T&M revenue was principally driven by an 8% increase in T&M revenue per day and a 3% increase in the number of days a car was rented. The $13 million increase in ancillary revenues was due primarily to (i) a $6 million increase in counter sales of insurance, GPS rentals and other items, (ii) a $5 million increase in airport concession and vehicle licensing revenues, which was offset in EBITDA by $4 million of higher airport concession and vehicle licensing expense remitted to airport and other regulatory authorities, and (iii) a $2 million increase in gasoline sales, which was largely offset in EBITDA by higher gasoline costs.
The favorable effect of incremental T&M revenues was partially offset in EBITDA by $6 million (13%) of increased fleet depreciation and lease charges, reflecting a 2% increase in the average size of our international rental fleet and an 11% increase in per unit-fleet costs. EBITDA also reflects $12 million of incremental operating expenses including (i) an $8 million increase in salaries and wages, rents and other costs and (ii) $4 million in additional agency operator commissions and other vehicle costs, offset by a $4 million reduction in lower insurance costs due to favorable experience. The cost increases primarily reflect year-over-year exchange rate movements.
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Truck Rental
Revenues and EBITDA declined $9 million (8%) and $2 million (20%), respectively, in second quarter 2008 compared with second quarter 2007.
The revenue decrease was primarily due to a decline in T&M revenue, which reflected a 10% decrease in T&M revenue per day, while rental days were essentially unchanged year over year. The decrease in T&M revenue per day was primarily the result of a decrease in commercial and one-way volumes. EBITDA benefited from $2 million (7%) less fleet depreciation, interest and lease charges reflecting lower per-unit fleet costs and also reflected a decrease of $5 million in operating expenses primarily relating to commission expense as a result of the decrease in T&M revenue.
SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2008 VS. SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2007
Our consolidated results of operations comprised the following:
Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | Change | ||||||||
Net revenues |
$ | 3,022 | $ | 2,881 | $ | 141 | ||||
Total expenses |
3,015 | 2,834 | 181 | |||||||
Income before income taxes |
7 | 47 | (40 | ) | ||||||
Provision for income taxes |
3 | 12 | (9 | ) | ||||||
Income from continuing operations |
4 | 35 | (31 | ) | ||||||
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations, net of tax |
| 1 | (1 | ) | ||||||
Net income |
$ | 4 | $ | 36 | $ | (32 | ) | |||
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, our total revenues increased $141 million (5%) principally due to a $61 million (3%) increase in T&M revenue reflecting a 3% increase in domestic and international car rental days, and an $80 million (13%) increase in ancillary revenues due to counter sales of insurance products, GPS navigation unit rentals, fees charged to customers and other items. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in T&M revenue within our Truck Rental segment due primarily to a 10% decrease in T&M revenue per day. In addition, the total revenue increase includes $48 million related to the effect of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations on the translation of our international operations results into U.S. dollars.
The total expense increase of $181 million (6%) was principally due to increases of (i) $92 million (6%) in operating expenses largely resulting from the 3% increase in car rental days and higher gasoline costs, (ii) $59 million (8%) in vehicle depreciation and lease charges resulting from 3% growth in our average car rental fleet and higher per-unit vehicle costs, (iii) $17 million in vehicle interest expense principally related to mark-to-market losses on interest-rate hedges in 2008, and (iv) $17 million in selling, general and administrative expenses related to increases in marketing and commission expenditures, most of which are volume-related, and other items. The increase in total expenses includes an adverse impact from foreign exchange currency rates of $42 million. These year-over-year increases were partially offset by a $4 million decrease in non-vehicle depreciation and amortization and interest expense related to corporate debt. As a result of these items, offset by a $9 million decrease in our provision for income taxes, our income from continuing operations decreased $31 million.
Our effective tax rate for continuing operations was a provision of 42.9% and 25.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The increase in our effective tax rate for 2008 was primarily due to differences in the amount of stock-based compensation recorded for book and tax purposes. Our effective tax rate for 2007 was less than the federal statutory rate of 35% primarily due to a Separation-related credit recorded in connection with the adoption of FIN 48 that was not subject to income tax as well as a decrease for changes in New York State and Canadian tax law.
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Following is a discussion of the results of each of our reportable segments during the six months ended June 30:
Revenues | EBITDA | |||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | % Change |
2008 | 2007 | % Change |
|||||||||||||||
Domestic Car Rental |
$ | 2,377 | $ | 2,279 | 4 | % | $ | 61 | $ | 110 | (45 | %) | ||||||||
International Car Rental |
460 | 393 | 17 | 55 | 45 | 22 | ||||||||||||||
Truck Rental |
183 | 197 | (7 | ) | (2 | ) | (1 | ) | * | |||||||||||
Corporate and Other (a) |
2 | 12 | * | (7 | ) | 1 | * | |||||||||||||
Total Company |
$ | 3,022 | $ | 2,881 | 107 | 155 | ||||||||||||||
Less: Non-vehicle related depreciation and amortization |
39 | 43 | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense related to corporate debt, net |
61 | 65 | ||||||||||||||||||
Income before income taxes |
$ | 7 | $ | 47 | ||||||||||||||||
(*) |
Not meaningful. |
(a) |
Includes unallocated corporate overhead, the elimination of transactions between segments and the results of operations of certain non-strategic businesses. EBITDA for 2007 also includes Separation-related credits of $3 million. |
Domestic Car Rental
Revenues increased $98 million (4%) while EBITDA decreased $49 million (45%) in the six months ended June 30, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007. Revenue increased primarily due to an increase in ancillary revenues and increased car rental volume. EBITDA margins were negatively impacted in the first half by lower car rental pricing and increased fleet costs.
The revenue increase of $98 million was comprised of a $37 million (2%) increase in T&M revenue and a $61 million (13%) increase in ancillary revenues. The increase in T&M revenue was principally driven by a 3% increase in rental days while T&M revenue per day decreased by 1% year over year. The $61 million increase in ancillary revenues was due primarily to (i) a $26 million increase in rentals of GPS navigation units, sales of insurance products and other items, (ii) a $13 million increase in airport concession and vehicle licensing revenues, $7 million of which was offset in EBITDA by higher airport concession and vehicle licensing expenses remitted to airport and other regulatory authorities, and (iii) a $23 million increase in gasoline sales, which was more than offset in EBITDA by $32 million of higher gasoline expense.
The favorable effect of incremental T&M revenues was offset in EBITDA by $53 million (9%) of increased fleet depreciation and lease charges resulting from a 3% increase in the average size of our domestic rental fleet and a 6% increase in per-unit fleet costs. EBITDA also reflects $55 million of incremental operating expenses including (i) $26 million of additional expenses associated with increased car rental volume and fleet size, primarily related to agency operator commissions, vehicle maintenance costs, credit card fees, and other items, offset by a $13 million reduction in insurance expense due to favorable experience, (ii) $20 million of increased selling, general and administration expense primarily related to higher travel agency commissions, travel incentive programs and other marketing costs, most of which are volume-related, (iii) $12 million of incremental expenses largely representing inflationary increases in salaries and wages, off-airport rental expense and other costs, and (iv) $13 million of increased vehicle interest expense year-over-year due in part to mark-to-market losses on interest rates hedges recorded through the six months ended June 30, 2008.
International Car Rental
Revenues and EBITDA increased $67 million (17%) and $10 million (22%), respectively, in the six months ended June 30, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007, primarily due to the impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements, increased ancillary revenues and higher demand for car rentals.
The revenue increase of $67 million was comprised of a $39 million (14%) increase in car rental T&M revenue and a $28 million (25%) increase in ancillary revenues. The total growth in revenue includes a $48 million increase related to foreign currency exchange rates, impacting T&M revenue by $34 million and ancillary revenues by $14 million, and was largely offset in EBITDA by the opposite impact of foreign exchange on expenses in the amount of $42 million. The increase in T&M revenue was principally driven by a 10% increase in T&M revenue per day, primarily due to movements in foreign currency exchange rates, and a 3% increase in the number of days a car was rented. The $28 million increase in ancillary revenues was due primarily to (i) a $15 million increase in counter sales of insurance, GPS rentals and other items, (ii) a $10 million increase in airport concession and vehicle licensing revenues, which was offset in EBITDA by $10 million of higher airport concession and vehicle licensing expenses remitted to airport and other regulatory authorities, and (iii) a $3 million increase in gasoline sales, which was fully offset in EBITDA by higher gasoline costs.
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The favorable effect of incremental T&M revenues was partially offset in EBITDA by $12 million (13%) of increased fleet depreciation and lease charges, reflecting a 3% increase in the average size of our international rental fleet and a 9% increase in per-unit fleet costs. EBITDA also reflects $31 million of incremental operating expenses including (i) a $15 million increase in salaries and wages, rents and other costs and (ii) a $10 million increase in agency operator commissions, and other vehicle costs, offset by a $3 million reduction in lower insurance costs due to favorable experience. The cost increases primarily reflect year-over-year exchange rate movements.
Truck Rental
Revenues declined $14 million (7%) while EBITDA declined by $1 million in the six months ended June 30, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007.
The revenue decrease was primarily due to a decline in T&M revenue, which reflected a 10% decrease in T&M revenue per day, offset by a 1% increase in rental days. EBITDA benefited from $5 million (8%) less fleet depreciation, interest and lease charges reflecting lower per-unit fleet costs, and also reflected a decrease of $3 million in operating commission expense primarily as a result of the decrease in T&M revenue.
FINANCIAL CONDITION, LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
We present separately the financial data of our vehicle programs. These programs are distinct from our other activities as the assets are generally funded through the issuance of debt that is collateralized by such assets. Assets under vehicle programs are funded through borrowings under asset-backed funding or other similar arrangements. The income generated by these assets is used, in part, to repay the principal and interest associated with the debt. Cash inflows and outflows relating to the generation or acquisition of such assets and the principal debt repayment or financing of such assets are classified as activities of our vehicle programs. We believe it is appropriate to segregate the financial data of our vehicle programs because, ultimately, the source of repayment of such debt is the realization of such assets.
FINANCIAL CONDITION
June 30, 2008 |
December 31, 2007 |
Change | ||||||||
Total assets exclusive of assets under vehicle programs |
$ | 4,567 | $ | 4,493 | $ | 74 | ||||
Total liabilities exclusive of liabilities under vehicle programs |
3,792 | 3,889 | (97 | ) | ||||||
Assets under vehicle programs |
9,825 | 7,981 | 1,844 | |||||||
Liabilities under vehicle programs |
9,143 | 7,120 | 2,023 | |||||||
Stockholders equity |
1,457 | 1,465 | (8 | ) |
Total assets exclusive of assets under vehicle programs increased $74 million principally due to (i) a $48 million increase in cash and cash equivalents (see Liquidity and Capital Resources Cash Flows for a detailed discussion), (ii) a $42 million increase in other intangible assets, net related primarily to our acquisition of nineteen vehicle rental franchises during the first six months of 2008, (iii) a $42 million increase in accounts receivable, and (iv) a $23 million increase in deferred taxes. These increases were offset by a $62 million decrease in receivables due from Realogy and Wyndham, $54 million within other current assets and $8 million within other non-current assets, and a $28 million decrease in income tax receivables.
Total liabilities exclusive of liabilities under vehicle programs decreased $97 million primarily due to (i) a $24 million decrease in advertising and marketing related liabilities, (ii) a $23 million decrease in tax liabilities for which we are entitled to indemnification from Realogy and Wyndham, (iii) an $18 million decrease in income taxes payable, (iv) a $15 million decrease in non-current insurance liabilities, (v) an $11 million decrease in accrued payroll related liabilities, which related primarily to the payment of the 2007 annual incentives in first quarter 2008, and (vi) an $11 million decrease in accrued legal settlements. These decreases were partially offset by an increase of $21 million in accounts payable.
Assets under vehicle programs increased approximately $1.8 billion primarily due to (i) approximately $1.7 billion of net additions, principally to our Domestic vehicle rental fleets to meet seasonal needs and (ii) a $337 million increase in our Investment in Avis Budget Rental Car Funding (AESOP) LLC due to capital contribution reflecting our decision to invest funds from vehicle sales as equity rather than as a repayment of debt. These increases were partially offset by a $160 million decrease in receivables from vehicle manufacturers.
Liabilities under vehicle programs increased approximately $2.0 billion, reflecting $1.9 billion additional borrowings to support the growth in our vehicle rental fleet described above, and a $109 million increase in invoices from manufacturers for vehicles received. See Liquidity and Capital Resources-Debt and Financing Arrangements for a detailed account of the change in our debt related to vehicle programs.
33
Stockholders equity decreased $8 million, primarily due to the repurchase of approximately $33 million of our common stock and a $7 million decrease in additional paid-in capital for Separation-related adjustments offset by (i) a $23 million increase in accumulated other comprehensive income primarily as a result of currency translation adjustments, (ii) a $4 million increase related to the amortization expense of restricted stock units and (iii) net income of $4 million.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Our principal sources of liquidity are cash on hand and our ability to generate cash through operations and financing activities, as well as available funding arrangements and committed credit facilities, each of which is discussed below.
CASH FLOWS
At June 30, 2008, we had $262 million of cash on hand, an increase of $48 million from $214 million at December 31, 2007. The following table summarizes such increase:
Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | Change | ||||||||||
Cash provided by (used in): |
||||||||||||
Operating activities |
$ | 840 | $ | 771 | $ | 69 | ||||||
Investing activities |
(2,634 | ) | (2,767 | ) | 133 | |||||||
Financing activities |
1,843 | 2,048 | (205 | ) | ||||||||
Effect of exchange rate changes |
(1 | ) | 3 | (4 | ) | |||||||
Net change in cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 48 | $ | 55 | $ | (7 | ) | |||||
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, we generated $69 million more cash from operating activities in comparison to the same period in 2007. This change principally reflects a $58 million reduction in our working capital requirements and a $15 million decrease related to income taxes and deferred income taxes.
We used $133 million less cash in investing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007. This change primarily reflects the activities of our vehicle programs, which used $553 million less cash due to our fleet management decisions, including increasing the average hold period of our vehicle fleet, offset by (i) a $343 million capital contribution to Avis Budget Rental Car Funding (AESOP) LLC in the first quarter 2008, reflecting our decision to invest funds from vehicle sales as equity rather than as a repayment of debt, (ii) $70 million of incremental spending for acquisitions of vehicle rental franchises and (iii) a net year-over-year decrease of $17 million in transactions with our former operating businesses. Our capital expenditures in second quarter 2008 were relatively consistent with the same period in 2007, and we anticipate aggregate capital expenditures will approximate $90-95 million in 2008.
We generated $205 million less cash from financing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2008 in comparison with the same period in 2007. This change primarily reflects (i) a $167 million net decrease in cash provided under our vehicle programs financing activities mainly due to a decrease in proceeds from borrowings and (ii) a $72 million increase in cash utilized for the net repurchases and issuances of common stock, partially offset by a $33 million decrease in debt principal payments related to our corporate borrowings.
DEBT AND FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS
At June 30, 2008, we had approximately $9.3 billion of indebtedness (including corporate indebtedness of approximately $1.8 billion and debt under vehicle programs of approximately $7.5 billion).
34
Corporate indebtedness consisted of:
Maturity Date |
As of June 30, 2008 |
As of December 31, 2007 |
Change | |||||||||
Floating rate term loan (a) (b) |
April 2012 | $ | 791 | $ | 796 | $ | (5 | ) | ||||
Floating rate notes (a) |
May 2014 | 250 | 250 | | ||||||||
7 5/8% notes (a) |
May 2014 | 375 | 375 | | ||||||||
7 3/4% notes (a) |
May 2016 | 375 | 375 | | ||||||||
1,791 | 1,796 | (5 | ) | |||||||||
Other |
2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
$ | 1,793 | $ | 1,797 | $ | (4 | ) | ||||||
(a) |
In connection with the Separation, Avis Budget Car Rental borrowed $1,875 million in April 2006, which consisted of (i) $1 billion of unsecured fixed and floating rate notes and (ii) an $875 million secured floating rate term loan under a credit facility. The floating rate term loan and floating rate notes bear interest at three month LIBOR plus 125 basis points and three month LIBOR plus 250 basis points, respectively. We use various hedging strategies, including derivative instruments, to manage a portion of the risks associated with our floating rate debt. |
(b) |
The floating rate term loan and our revolving credit facility are secured by pledges of all of the capital stock of substantially all of our direct or indirect domestic subsidiaries and up to 66% of the capital stock of each direct foreign subsidiary, subject to certain exceptions, and liens on substantially all of our intellectual property. |
The following table summarizes the components of our debt under vehicle programs (including related party debt due to Avis Budget Rental Car Funding (AESOP), LLC):
As of June 30, 2008 |
As of December 31, 2007 |
Change | ||||||||
Debt due to Avis Budget Rental Car Funding (a) |
$ | 6,314 | $ | 4,646 | $ | 1,668 | ||||
Budget Truck financing: |
||||||||||
Budget Truck Funding program (b) |
336 | 246 | 90 | |||||||
Capital leases |
179 | 204 | (25 | ) | ||||||
Other (c) |
671 | 500 | 171 | |||||||
$ | 7,500 | $ | 5,596 | $ | 1,904 | |||||
(a) |
As of June 30, 2008, the principal sources of the $6.3 billion of debt are $5.8 billion of third party debt issued by Avis Budget Rental Car Funding, $444 million of our equity investment in Avis Budget Rental Car Funding and $79 million of interest rate derivative hedges. The increase principally reflects (i) $1.3 billion of incremental borrowings under our conduit facilities to support the acquisition of rental vehicles within our Domestic Car Rental operations and (ii) a $343 million increase in the our Investment in Avis Budget Rental Car Funding reflecting our decision to invest funds from vehicle sales into Avis Budget Rental Car Funding as equity rather than as a repayment of debt due to Avis Budget Rental Car Funding. |
(b) |
The increase primarily reflects incremental borrowings under our conduit facility to support the acquisition of rental vehicles within our Budget Truck rental fleet. |
(c) |
The increase primarily reflects incremental borrowings under our conduit facilities to support the acquisition of vehicles within our International Car Rental operations and additional fleet loans to support the acquisition of certain vehicles for our Domestic Car Rental operations. |
As of June 30, 2008, the committed credit facilities available to us and/or our subsidiaries at the corporate or Avis Budget Car Rental, LLC level were as follows:
Total Capacity |
Outstanding Borrowings |
Letters of Credit Issued |
Available Capacity | |||||||||
$1.5 b |