Edgar Filing: Cellcom Israel Ltd.

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 20–F

REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Date of event requiring this shell company report

Commission file number 001-33271

CELLCOM ISRAEL LTD.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter

and translation of Registrant’s name into English)

ISRAEL

(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

10 Hagavish Street, Netanya 4250708, Israel

(Address of principal executive offices)

Liat Menahemi Stadler, 972-52-9989595 (phone), 972-98607986 (fax), LIATME@cellcom.co.il, 10 Hagavish Street, Netanya 4250708, Israel

(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act.

Title of each class	Name of each exchange on which registered
Ordinary Shares, par value NIS 0.01 per share	New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE")

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act.

None

(Title of Class)

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act.

None

(Title of Class)

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report.

As of December 31, 2015, the Registrant had outstanding 100,604,578 Ordinary Shares, par value NIS 0.01 per share.

Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. x Yes o No

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. o Yes x No

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. x Yes o No

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). o Yes o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of "accelerated filer and large accelerated filer" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer x

Accelerated filer o

Non-accelerated filer o

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the Registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:

U.S. GAAP o

International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board x

Other o

If "Other" has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the Registrant elected to follow.

Item 17 o

Item 18 o

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of

the Exchange Act). o Yes x No

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		Page
PART I
Item 1.	Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers	5
Item 2.	Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable	5
Item 3.	Key Information	5
Item 4.	Information on the Company	30
Item 4A.	Unresolved Staff Comments	83
Item 5.	Operating and Financial Review and Prospects	84
Item 6.	Directors, Senior Management and Employees	115
Item 7.	Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions	143
Item 8.	Financial Information	147
Item 9.	The Offer and Listing	150
Item 10.	Additional Information	152
Item 11.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	167
Item 12.	Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities	168
PART II
Item 13.	Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies	168
Item 14.	Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds	168
Item 15.	Controls and Procedures	168
Item 16A.	Audit Committee Financial Expert	170
Item 16B.	Code of Ethics	170
Item 16C.	Principal Accountant Fees and Services	170
Item 16D.	Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees	171
Item 16E.	Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers	171
Item 16F.	Change In Registrant’s Certifying Accountant	171
Item 16G.	Corporate Governance	171
Item 16H.	Mine Safety Disclosure	172
PART III
Item 17.	Financial Statements	172
Item 18.	Financial Statements	172
Item 19.	Exhibits	173
Financial Statements		F-1

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introduction

In this annual report, "Cellcom," the "Company," "we," "us" and "our" refer to Cellcom Israel Ltd. and its subsidiaries. The terms "NIS" refers to new Israeli shekel, and "dollar," "USD" or "$" refers to U.S. dollars.

Presentation of Financial and Share Information

We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ("IASB").

Unless we indicate otherwise, U.S. dollar translations of the NIS amounts presented in this annual report are translated for the convenience of the reader using the rate of NIS 3.902 to $1.00, the representative rate of exchange as of December 31, 2015 as published by the Bank of Israel. The translation is for the convenience of the reader only, and it does not represent the fair value of the translated assets and liabilities.

Trademarks

We have proprietary rights to trademarks used in this annual report which are important to our business. We have omitted the "®" and "™" designations for certain trademarks, but nonetheless reserve all rights to them. Each trademark, trade name or service mark of any other company appearing in this annual report belongs to its respective holder.

Industry and Market Data

This annual report contains information about our market share, market position and industry data. Unless otherwise indicated, this statistical and other market information is based on statistics prepared by the Ministry of Communications of Israel, Brandman Marketing Research and Consultancy Institute, Sapio Research and Development, Geocartography Research Institute, Rotem, ABI research, LINX and Meida Shivuki C.I (survey institute). Industry publications generally state that the information they contain has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but the accuracy and completeness of such information is not guaranteed. We have not independently verified the accuracy of market data and industry forecasts contained in this annual report that were taken or derived from these industry publications.

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

We have made statements under the captions "Item 3. Key Information - D - Risk Factors," "Item 4 – Information on the Company," "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects," and in other sections of this annual report that are forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify these statements by forward-looking words such as "may," "might," "will," "should," "expect," "plan," "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "predict," "potential" or "continue," the negative of these terms and other comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements, which are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions about us, may include projections of our future financial performance, our anticipated growth strategies and anticipated trends in our business. These statements are only predictions based on our current expectations and projections about future events. There are important factors that could cause our actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from the results, level of activity, performance or

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achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements, including those factors discussed under the caption entitled "Item 3. Key Information - D. Risk Factors." You should specifically consider the numerous risks outlined under "Item 3. Key Information - D. Risk Factors."

Although we believe the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements contained in this annual report are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, level of activity, performance or achievements. Moreover, neither we nor any other person assumes responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of any of these forward-looking statements. We assume no duty to update any of these forward-looking statements after the date of this annual report to conform our prior statements to actual results or revised expectations, except as otherwise required by law.

Part i

ITEM 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISORS

Not applicable.

ITEM 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

Not applicable.

ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

You should read the following selected consolidated financial data in conjunction with the section of this annual report entitled "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects" and our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included elsewhere in this annual report.

The selected data presented below under the captions "Income Statement Data" and "Balance Sheet Data" for, and as of the end of, each of the years in the five-year period ended December 31, 2015, are derived from the consolidated financial statements of Cellcom Israel Ltd. and subsidiaries, which financial statements have been audited by Somekh Chaikin, an independent registered public accounting firm and a member firm of KPMG International. The consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2014 and 2015, and for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2015, and the report thereon, are included elsewhere in this annual report. The selected data should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements, the related notes, and the independent registered public accounting firm’s report and the convenience translation of the consolidated financial

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statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015 into U.S. dollars solely for the convenience of the reader.

On August 31, 2011, we completed the acquisition of 100% of the share capital of Netvision Ltd., or Netvision. Therefore, the consolidated results for the year ended December 31, 2011, included elsewhere in this annual report, include Netvision's results for the months of September through December 2011 only.

The information presented below under the caption "Other Data" contains information that partly is not derived from the financial statements.

For your convenience, the following tables also contain U.S. dollar translations of the NIS amounts presented at December 31, 2015, translated using the rate of NIS 3.902 to $1.00, the representative rate of exchange on December 31, 2015 as published by the Bank of Israel.

	Year Ended December 31,
	2011(1)			2012			2013			2014			2015			2015
	(In NIS millions, except where indicated otherwise)															(In US$ millions)
Income Statement Data:
Revenues		6,506			5,938			4,927			4,570			4,180			1,071
Cost of revenues		3,408			3,463			2,990			2,727			2,763			708
Selling and marketing expenses		990			865			717			672			620			159
General and administrative expenses		685			629			570			463			465			119
Other (income) expenses, net		1			(4	)		(1	)		46			22			6
Operating income		1,422			985			651			662			310			79
Financing expense, net		293			259			246			198			177			45
Income tax		304			195			117			110			36			9
Net income		825			531			288			354			97			25
Basic earnings per share (in NIS)		8.28			5.34			2.89			3.51			0.95			0.24
Diluted earnings per share (in NIS)		8.28			5.33			2.86			3.48			0.95			0.24
Weighted average ordinary shares used in calculation of basic earnings per share (in shares)		99,476,671			99,481,487			99,495,525			99,924,306			100,589,458			100,589,458
Weighted average ordinary shares used in calculation of diluted earnings per share (in shares)		99,511,433			99,609,722			100,319,724			100,706,282			100,589,530			100,589,530
Other Data:
EBITDA(2)		2,167			1,753			1,335			1,282			872			223
Capital expenditures		520			537			384			487			396			101
Dividends declared per share		7.88			1.31			0.85			-			-			-
Net cash from operating activities		1,332			1,641			1,556			1,557			836			214
Net cash used in investing activities		(1,656	)		(708	)		(344	)		(350	)		(96	)		(25	)
Net cash from (used in) financing activities		715			(439	)		(1,569	)		(1,106	)		(1,136	)		(291	)
Cellular Subscribers (in thousands)(3)		3,349			3,199			3,092			2,967			2,835			2,835
Churn rate of cellular subscribers(4)		25.1	%		31.5	%		36.8	%		44	%		42	%		42	%
Cellular ARPU (in NIS)(5)		106			88			78			72			65			17
Balance Sheet Data:
Cash		920			1,414			1,057			1,158			761			195
Working capital		679			1,232			1,082			837			625			161
Total assets		8,557			8,787			7,579			7,240			6,278			1,609
Total equity		187			500			710			1,092			1,185			304

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(1)

The consolidated financial results for the year ended December 31, 2011 include the results of Netvision, our wholly owned subsidiary, for the months September through December 2011. We consummated the acquisition of Netvision on August 31, 2011.

(2)

EBITDA is a non-IFRS measure and is defined as income before financing income (expenses), net; other income (expenses), net (excluding expense related to employee retirement plans); income tax; depreciation and amortization and share based payments. We present EBITDA as a supplemental performance measure because we believe that it facilitates operating performance comparisons from period to period and company to company by backing out potential differences caused by variations in capital structure (most particularly affecting our interest expense given our significant debt), tax positions (such as the impact on periods or companies of changes in effective tax rates or net operating losses) and the age of, and depreciation expenses associated with, fixed assets. EBITDA should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for operating income or other statement of operations or cash flow data prepared in accordance with IFRS as a measure of our profitability or liquidity. EBITDA does not take into account our debt service requirements and other commitments, including capital expenditures, and, accordingly, is not necessarily indicative of amounts that may be available for discretionary uses. In addition, EBITDA, as presented in this annual report, may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies due to differences in the way that these measures are calculated.

The following is a reconciliation of net income to EBITDA:

	Year Ended December 31,
	2011		2012			2013			2014		2015			2015
	(In NIS millions)													(In US$ millions)
Net income		825		531			288			354		97			25
Financing expense, net		293		259			246			198		177			45
Other expenses (income),net (excluding expense related to employee retirement plans);		1		(4	)		(1	)		7		(3	)		(1	)
Taxes on income		304		195			117			110		36			9
Depreciation and amortization		738		765			676			610		562			144
Share based payments		6		7			9			3		3			1
EBITDA		2,167		1,753			1,335			1,282		872			223

(3)

Cellular subscriber data refers to active subscribers. We use a six-month method of calculating our cellular subscriber base, which means that we deduct subscribers from our subscriber base after six months of no revenue generation and activity on our network by or in relation to the post-paid subscribers, no revenue generating calls or SMS for pre-paid subscribers and no data usage or less than NIS 1 of accumulated revenues for M2M (machine to machine) subscribers. The six-month method is, to the best of our knowledge, consistent with the methodology used by other cellular providers in Israel. During the fourth quarter of 2011, we removed approximately 52,000 subscribers from our subscribers base, which included subscribers using our TDMA network who had not requested a transfer to our other networks following the shutdown of our TDMA network as of December 31, 2011, and subscribers who ceased using our services following a change to our policy which previously allowed subscribers to change from post to prepaid subscription as a result of the reduction of early termination fees in plans which include a commitment to a predefined period, or Early Termination Fees, in the cellular market in early 2011. These changes affected other key performance indicators. In the fourth quarter of 2012 we removed approximately 138,000 M2M subscribers from our subscriber base, following the addition of the above revenue generation criterion for M2M subscribers. This change had an immaterial effect on our ARPU for 2012. In the fourth quarter of 2013, we removed approximately 64,000 subscribers from our subscriber base, following a change to our prepaid subscribers counting mechanism. As a result of such change, we add a prepaid subscriber to our subscribers base only upon charging a prepaid card and remove them from our subscribers base after six months of no revenue generating calls or SMS. Following each of these changes, we have not restated prior subscriber data to conform with this change.

(4)

Churn rate is defined as the total number of voluntary and involuntary permanent deactivations of cellular subscribers in a given period expressed as a percentage of the number of cellular subscribers at the beginning of the period. Involuntary permanent deactivations relate to cellular subscribers who have failed to pay their arrears for the period of six consecutive months. Voluntary permanent deactivations relate to cellular subscribers who terminated their use of our cellular services. Churn rate data is excluding the above mentioned removals of subscribers.

(5)

Average monthly revenue per cellular subscriber (ARPU) is calculated by dividing revenues from cellular services for the period by the average number of cellular subscribers during the period and by dividing the result by the number of months in the period. Revenues from inbound roaming services and hosting services are included even though the number of cellular subscribers in the equation does not include the users of those roaming and hosting services. Inbound roaming services and hosting services are included because ARPU is meant to capture all service revenues generated by a cellular network. Revenues from repair services pursuant to a monthly subscription, or Subscription Repair Services are included because they represent recurring revenues generated by cellular subscribers, but revenues from sales of handsets (which for purposes of this report may include other types of cellular end user equipment, such as tablets), non-subscription repair services carried out on a random basis, or Random Repair Service and other services are not included. We and industry analysts treat ARPU as a key performance indicator of a cellular operator because it is the closest meaningful measure of the contribution to service revenues made by an average subscriber.

We have set out below the calculation of cellular ARPU for each of the periods presented:

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	Year Ended December 31,
	2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2015
	(In NIS millions, except number of subscribers and months)										(In US$ millions)
Revenues		6,506		5,938		4,927		4,570		4,180		1,071
less revenues from equipment sales		1,747		1,356		942		1,005		1,048		269
less other revenues*		484		1,125		1,034		941		869		223
Revenues used in cellular ARPU calculation		4,275		3,457		2,951		2,624		2,263		580
Average number of cellular subscribers		3,361,803		3,291,843		3,135,857		3,034,946		2,898,987		2,898,987
Months during period		12		12		12		12		12		12
Cellular ARPU (in NIS, per month)		106		88		78		72		65		17

Other revenues include revenues from other communications services such as ISP, transmission services, local and international landline services and repair services.

Exchange Rate Information

The following table shows, for each of the months indicated, the high and low exchange rates between the NIS and the U.S. dollar, expressed as NIS per U.S. dollar and based upon the daily representative rate of exchange as published by the Bank of Israel:

Month	High (NIS)		Low (NIS)
September 2015		3.949		3.863
October 2015		3.923		3.816
November 2015		3.921		3.867
December 2015		3.905		3.855
January 2016		3.983		3.902
February 2016		3.964		3.871

On March 18, 2016 the daily representative rate of exchange between the NIS and U.S. dollar as published by the Bank of Israel was NIS 3.857 to $1.00.

The following table shows, for periods indicated, the average exchange rate between the NIS and the U.S. dollar, expressed as NIS per U.S. dollar, calculated based on the average of the representative rates of exchange on the last day of each month during the relevant period as published by the Bank of Israel:

Year		Average (NIS)
2011		3.582
2012		3.844
2013		3.601
2014		3.593
2015		3.887

The effect of exchange rate fluctuations on our business and operations is discussed in "Item 11 - Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk."

CAPITALIZATION AND INDEBTEDNESS

Not applicable.

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REASONS FOR THE OFFER AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Not applicable.

RISK FACTORS

We believe that the occurrence of any one or some combination of the following factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Risks Related to our Business

We operate in a heavily regulated industry, which can harm our results of operations. In recent years, regulation in Israel has materially adversely affected our results.

A substantial part of our operations is subject to the Israeli Communications Law, 1982, the Israeli Wireless Telegraph Ordinance (New Version), 1972, the regulations promulgated thereunder and the licenses for the provision of different telecommunications services that we received from the Ministry of Communications in accordance with the Communications Law. The interpretation and implementation of the Communications Law, Wireless Telegraph Ordinance and regulations and the provisions of our general licenses, as well as our other licenses, are not certain and subject to change, and disagreements have arisen and may arise in the future between the Ministry of Communications, or MOC, and us. The Communications Law and regulations thereunder grant the Ministry of Communications extensive regulatory and supervisory authority with regard to our activities, as well as the authority to impose substantial sanctions in the event of a breach of our licenses or the applicable laws and regulations. Further, in the event that we materially violate the terms of our licenses, the Ministry of Communications has the authority to revoke them. Our operations are also subject to the regulatory and supervisory authority of other Israeli regulators which have the authority to impose criminal and administrative sanctions against us.

Our general cellular license is valid until February 2022. It may be extended for additional six-year periods upon our request to the Ministry of Communications and confirmation from the Ministry of Communications that we have complied with the provisions of our license and the applicable law, have continuously invested in the improvement of our service and network and have demonstrated the ability to do so in the future. Netvision's unified licenses (granted in July 2015 and amended in February 2016) under which Netvision is providing landline telephony services, internet connectivity services, or ISP, and international long distance services, or ILD, are valid until March 2026 and February 2022, respectively and may be extended for additional ten year periods, on terms similar to those provided in our cellular license. Our other licenses are also limited in time. Our licenses may not be extended when necessary, or, if extended, the extensions may be granted on terms that are not favorable to us. In addition, the Ministry of Communications has interpreted and may interpret our licenses and has modified and may modify our licenses without our consent and in a manner that could limit our freedom to conduct our business and harm our results of operations. Possible changes to our licenses and legislation which would require us to change our pricing plans and information systems frequently or on a timetable we cannot meet, can increase the risk of noncompliance with our licenses or violation of such legislation and our exposure to lawsuits and regulatory sanctions.

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Further, our business and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected by new legislation and decisions by regulators or the courts that:

approve the annulment or further relaxation of the structural separation requirements imposed on the Bezeq communications group, given its monopolistic or duopolistic powers in all areas in which we compete, and also on the Hot communications group (though to a lesser degree, given that Hot already has substantial leniencies despite its monopolistic and duopolistic powers), more so if carried out before an effective landline wholesale market, which includes both telephony and infrastructure, is effected on both Bezeq's and Hot's infrastructure; do not set competition-inducing tariffs with respect to the wholesale services or set other unfavorable regulation with respect to the landline wholesale market. See also "- We face intense competition in all aspects of our business" below and "Item 4. Information on The Company – B. Business Overview "-Competition";

award our competitors certain benefits and leniencies not available to us, including through waiving, easing or not enforcing requirements set in the licenses of mobile network operators, or MNOs, or not making similar demands or not imposing similar restrictions. See "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview - Competition", and thereunder "-wireline", "-Government Regulations – Mobile Virtual Network Operators" and thereunder: "- Additional MNOs" and " – Landline" for additional details;

do not renew our licenses or the allocation of our frequencies or limit our usage thereof or demand that we return frequencies allocated to us or not allow us to obtain additional frequencies, as such become necessary;

impose new safety or health-related requirements;

impose additional restrictions or requirements with respect to the construction and operation of cell sites or the networks, including in relation to site and network sharing or provide leniencies to our competitors;

impose restrictions or demand we meet additional requirements on the provision of services or products we provide or regulate or otherwise intervene with the terms under which we advertise, market or provide them to our subscribers, including in respect of existing agreements;

allow other operators to provide services previously provided only by us to our subscribers;

set higher service standards or costly requirements relating to the service we provide our customers, both in relation to our network quality and coverage and our customer service;

impose a stricter policy with respect to privacy protection, such as with regard to data protection, collection, amelioration, segmentation or usage of data, including for commercial activities by us or for the benefit of third parties; and

impose regulation on our OTT TV services, including the requirement to finance original productions or imposing unfavorable terms for the usage of

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the Digital terrestrial television (DTT) broadcasting in Israel or applying such regulation to us and not to other OTT TV providers . See "- Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Government Regulations ― OTT TV".

See "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Government Regulations ― Our Principal License" and "- Other Licenses".

If we fail to compensate for lost revenues, increased expenses (objectively or in comparison to our competitors) or additional investments resulting from past or future legislative or regulatory changes with alternative sources of income or otherwise, our results of operations may be materially adversely affected.

We face intense competition in all aspects of our business.

The Israeli telecommunications market is highly competitive in many of its elements, including the cellular and landline service markets. The competition level has increased substantially in recent years, following the entry of additional competitors and regulatory changes alleviating entry barriers and transfer barriers. In the last year, we entered both the TV market through our OTT TV service and the landline infrastructure market, through the landline wholesale market (VDSL). In the other markets we operate in and specifically in the cellular market, the intensified competition led to price competition, the adverse effects of which include a high churn rate and high subscriber acquisition costs, in addition to continued price erosion, all of which have ultimately led to a material decrease in revenues and profitability for us and other MNOs. The current level of competition in all the markets in which we operate and aggressive price plan offerings by our competitors are expected to continue. See also the "Competition" section under "Item 4. Information on the Company - B. Business Overview","-Netvision - Internet infrastructure and ISP Business" and "-Netvision - Telephony Business". Should the current level of competition and trends continue, it will continue to materially adversely affect our results of operations. Any of the following developments materializing in our market, may result in increased competition and a further materially reduced profitability for us:

the agreement for the purchase of Golan Telecom Ltd., or Golan by us is not approved by the regulators, if it results in Golan's insolvency and increased efforts by the other operators to recruit Golan's subscribers. For additional details, see "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview "- Agreement for the Purchase of Golan".

tariffs maintained at their current level or decreasing even further, including as part of a bundle.

an ineffective landline wholesale market, including due to the exclusion of telephony wholesale services, services provided not in line with the wholesale market criteria, unfavorable pricing harming our ability to provide competitive bundles and compete with the Hot and Bezeq groups or further escalation of the competition by Bezeq and Hot, given their dominance in the landline market, more so if the structural limitations on these groups are alleviated before an effective landline wholesale market is in effect. See "Item 4. Information on The Company –B. Business Overview – Government Regulations – Landline" for additional details.

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annulment or further relaxation of the structural separation imposed on each of the Bezeq and Hot groups as it will provide the Bezeq and Hot groups a competitive advantage, given their dominance in the landline telephony and infrastructure markets and TV market. See "Item 4. Information on The Company –B. Business Overview – Government Regulations – Landline" for additional details.

entrance of new competitors to any of the markets we operate in, or the entry of existing competitors to additional markets or segments where they are currently not or less active, or as a result of regulatory changes, allowing other operators to provide services currently provided only by us to our subscribers. See "Item 4. Information on The Company –B. Business Overview - Government Regulation –Other Licenses –Unified License" and "-Additional MNOs".

the continued increased competition in the handsets market may result in decreased handset sales. See "Item 4. Information on The Company –B. Business Overview – Competition" for additional details.

We may not be able to obtain permits to construct and operate cell sites.

We depend on our network of cell sites to maintain and enhance network coverage for our subscribers. We also deploy and operate microwave sites as part of our transmission network. The construction and operation of these various facilities are highly regulated and require us to obtain various consents and permits.

We have experienced difficulties in obtaining some of these consents and permits, particularly in obtaining building permits for cell sites from local planning and building authorities. As of December 31, 2015, we operated a small portion of our cell sites without building permits or applicable exemptions and approximately 33%of our cell sites without building permits in reliance on an exemption from the requirement to obtain a building permit, mainly for radio access devices. Our reliance on the exemption for radio access devices had been challenged and is currently awaiting ruling by the Israeli Supreme Court. Under an interim order issued by the Supreme Court in September 2010, we are unable to rely on the exemption in cellular networks, other than to replace existing radio access devices in certain conditions, until regulations limiting such reliance are enacted or a different decision by the court is made.

Additionally, District Court rulings adopted a narrower interpretation of 'rooftops', to which the exemption may be applied.

We also rely on the exemption for our rooftop microwave sites and signal amplifiers (known as 'repeaters'). It is unclear whether other types of repeaters require a building permit.

In addition, we may be operating a significant number of our cell sites in a manner that is not fully compatible with the building permits issued for these cell sites which may, in some cases, also constitute grounds for termination of our lease agreements for those sites or claims for breach of such agreements.

Pursuant to the Israeli Non-Ionizing Radiation Law, 2006, the granting or renewal of an operating permit by the Commissioner of Environmental Radiation at the Ministry of Environmental Protection of Israel, or the Commissioner, for a cell site or other facility is

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subject to the receipt of a building permit or an exemption from such a permit. Should we fail to obtain building permits for our cell sites or other facilities, including in the event that our reliance upon an exemption from the requirement to obtain building permits for these cell sites and other facilities is found invalid, the Commissioner will not grant or renew our operating permits for those cell sites and other facilities. Since October 2007, the Commissioner will not grant or renew operating permits to radio access devices where the local planning and building committee’s engineer objected to our reliance upon the said exemption.

Certain proposed amendments to the Non-Ionizing Radiation Law and Regulations and the Planning and Building Law, propose setting additional restrictions in relation to the operation of cell sites and other facilities, such as setting larger distance requirements between cell sites locations and residences or certain institutions.

In June 2010, proposed changes to the Israeli National Zoning Plan 36, or the Plan, which regulates cell site construction and operation, were approved by the Israeli National Council for Planning and Building and submitted for the approval of the Government of Israel. The proposed changes, if approved, would place additional restrictions on the construction and operation of cell sites. Several local planning and building authorities are claiming that Israeli cellular operators may not receive building permits, in reliance on the current Plan, for cell sites operating in frequencies not specifically detailed in the frequencies charts attached to the Plan and have refused to provide a building permit in a number of cases. The proposed draft amendment to the Plan covers all new cell sites requiring a building permit, independently of the frequencies in which they operate. Most of our cell sites and many cell sites operated by other operators also operate in frequencies not specifically detailed in the Plan.

Operation of a cell site or other facility without a building permit, operating permit or not in accordance with the permits or other legal requirements may subject us and our officers and directors to criminal, administrative and civil liability, to eviction orders in respect of the cell sites in breach, revocation or suspension of the operating permit, as well as to withholding the grant of operating permits to additional cell sites or demolition orders. As a result, we may be required to relocate cell sites to less favorable locations or stop operation of cell sites.

If we are unable to obtain or rely on exemptions from obtaining or to renew building or other consents and permits for our existing cell sites or other facilities, or if any of the proposed changes noted above are adopted, it could adversely affect our existing network and its build-out, delay the deployment of our 4G network, negatively affect the extent, quality and capacity of our network coverage and our ability to continue to market our products and services effectively, all of which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

For additional details see "Item 4.B – Business Overview - Government Regulations - Permits for Cell Site Construction".

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We may be required to indemnify certain local planning and building committees in respect of claims against them.

Under the Israeli Planning and Building Law, 1965, by approving a building plan, local planning and building committees may be required to compensate for depreciation of properties included in or neighboring the approved plan.

As a precondition to obtaining a cell site construction permit from a planning and building committee, we are required to provide a letter to the committee indemnifying it for possible depreciation claims and have provided hundreds of such indemnification letters to local planning and building committees. Calls upon our indemnification letters may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. We may also decide to demolish or relocate existing cell sites to less favorable locations or not at all, due to the obligation to provide indemnification. As a result, our existing service may be impaired or the expansion of our network coverage could be limited.

Alleged health risks relating to non-ionizing radiation generated from cell sites and cellular devices may harm our prospects.

Handsets, accessories and various types of cell sites are known to be sources of non-ionizing radiation emissions and are the subject of an ongoing public debate and concern in Israel. While, to the best of our knowledge, the handsets that we market comply with the applicable legislation that relate to acceptable "specific absorption rate," or SAR, levels, we rely on the SAR levels published by the manufacturers of these handsets and do not perform independent inspections of the SAR levels of these handsets. As the manufacturers’ approvals refer to a prototype handset, we have no information as to the actual level of SAR of the handsets throughout the lifecycle of the handsets, including in the case of handset repair. See also "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview - Government Regulations - Handsets". In July 2008, the Israeli Ministry of Health published recommendations to take precautionary measures when using cellular handsets, which has increased the concerns of the Israeli public. In May 2011, the International Agency for Research on Cancer, an agency of the World Health Organization, or WHO, issued a press release classifying radiofrequency electromagnetic fields as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B), based on an increased risk for glioma, a malignant type of brain cancer, associated with wireless phone use. In June 2011, the WHO publication noted that to date, no adverse health effects have been established as being caused by mobile phone use and while an increased risk of brain tumors is not established, the increasing use of mobile phones and the lack of data for mobile phone use over time periods longer than 15 years warrant further research of mobile phone use and brain cancer risk, particularly given recent popular use by younger people with potentially longer periods of exposure. However, in September 2014, the Israeli Ministry of Health updated the possibly carcinogenic to humans elements list in its site, according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer's classification. Moreover, increasing awareness of the possible risks of cellular phones usage, reducing usage thereof and introducing precautionary measures were the subject of several bills in recent years.

Health concerns regarding cell sites have caused us difficulties in obtaining permits for cell site construction and obtaining or renewing leases for cell sites and even resulted in unlawful sabotage of a small number of cell sites and prompted proposed legislation aimed at increasing the minimum distance permitted between cell sites and certain institutions. Formal positions adopted by various Israeli Ministries with respect to radiation safety, include the position (2009) that cell sites constructed pursuant to a building permit are preferable to

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radio access devices, that 4G services involve some increase in the level of non-ionizing radiation the public will be exposed to and therefore should have limited permitted usage and that utilizing a cellular network to provide advanced services that can be provided through a landline network is not justified in light of the preventive care principle set forth in the Israeli Non-Ionizing Radiation Law.

If health concerns regarding non-ionizing radiation increase further, or if adverse findings in studies of non-ionizing radiation are published, non-ionizing radiation levels are found to be higher than the standards set for handsets and cell sites, we may be subject to health-related claims for substantial sums. Consumers may also be discouraged from using cellular handsets and regulators may impose additional restrictions on the construction and operation of cell sites or handset and accessories marketing and usage. As a result, we may experience increased difficulty in constructing and operating cell sites and obtaining leases for new cell site locations or renewing leases for existing locations, or be exposed to property depreciation claims; and we may lose revenues due to decreasing usage of our services and be subject to increased regulatory costs. We have not obtained insurance for these potential claims. See "Item 8. Financial Information – A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information – Legal Proceedings – Class Actions" for additional details on two class actions filed against us in that respect. An adverse outcome or settlement of any health-related litigation against us or any other provider of cellular services could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or prospects.

The unionizing of our employees may impede necessary organizational and personnel changes, result in increased costs or disruption to our operation.

In September 2013, we recognized the Histadrut, an Israeli labor union, as the union representing the Company's and Netvision's employees and in February 2015, we entered a collective employment agreement with the Company's employees' representatives and the Histadrut for a term of 3 years (2015-2017). The agreement defines employment policy and terms in various aspects, including payments to the employees and procedures relating to manning a position, change of place of employment and dismissal, including management and employees' representative respective authority with regards to each. As a result, our day-to-day operations and our ability to execute organizational and personnel changes is more limited, cumbersome, costly and lengthy, as reflected in the voluntary retirement plan carried out in 2014 and 2015, and requires more management attention, that would otherwise be available for our ongoing business. In January 2016, the Histradrut announced a labor dispute in the Company with respect to outsourcing and other employment issues. Although to date, we have not suffered any work stoppages or other disruptions to our operation, future disagreements with the employees' representatives may trigger an adverse impact on our services or customer service, changes may fail to be executed or be executed in a materially different way than planned, resulting in substantially lower savings than expected or requiring materially increased employment costs. Inability or limited ability to make organizational and personnel changes, as well as work stoppages or other disruption to our operations and limitations on management's discretion, may damage the efficiency and quality of our operations, and may lead to damage to our reputation, increased customer churn, loss of market share and reduced profitability.

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We are exposed to, and currently are engaged in, a variety of legal proceedings, including class action lawsuits.

We provide services to millions of subscribers on a daily basis. As a result of the scope and magnitude of our operations, as well as the multitude of pricing plans for stand-alone and bundles of services, the large amount of usage data our information systems need to process and record with relation to our subscribers according to their respective pricing plans (currently involving, in certain cases, both Cellcom and Netvision systems), the frequent and multiple changes to our operation and pricing plans due to regulatory changes or in response to the changing conditions in the markets in which we operate, and the involvement of thousands of sales and customer service representatives in the sale process and after sale contacts with our existing or prospective customers - all increasing the risk of discrepancies between a pricing plan and the information processed by our internal information systems occurring or inadequate information provided, despite our continued efforts to the contrary - we are subject to the risk of a large number of lawsuits, including class action suits by consumers and consumer organizations, with respect to billing and other practices, such as customer care practices, marketing, including mass media marketing as well as sending commercial messages to customers, data collection and usage practices, including for commercial purposes, offering practices of products and services, including third parties' products and services and practices related to the provision of such services to our customers, such as disclosure requirements. In addition, with respect to practices governed by our licenses or other regulation, we are also subject to the risk of monetary and other regulatory sanctions. See "We operate in a heavily regulated industry, which can harm our results of operations. In recent years, regulation in Israel has materially adversely affected our results" above. These actions are costly to defend and could result in significant judgments against us. Recent years were characterized by a substantial increase in the number of requests for certification of class actions filed and approved in Israel in general, and also against us, the greater involvement of consumer organizations (by filing such suits, opposing settlement agreements and advocating the filing of lawsuits) and the Advocate General (opposing settlement agreements). All of this increases our legal exposure and our legal costs in defending against such suits, which as a result may materially and adversely affect our financial results. This trend is expected to continue. In addition to two class actions approved against us in 2011 and 2013, we have entered into several settlement agreements, mostly for immaterial sums and are currently engaged in dozens of purported class action suits as a defendant, many of which are for substantial amounts. Should these requests to certify lawsuits against us as class actions are approved and succeed, this may have a material adverse effect on our financial results. For a summary of certain material legal proceedings against us, see "Item 8 – Financial Information - A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information –Legal Proceedings".

Further, predefined damages (set forth in the Consumer Protection Law as of 2013) for a discrepancy from a customer's pricing plan, remedied after the customer complained, may aggregate to substantial amounts if paid to numerous customers on multiple occasions, more so if a bill aiming to impose substantially increased predefined damages for any discrepancy from the customer's pricing plan, proposed in 2014 by the Ministry of Communications, is adopted.

We employ thousands of employees and are therefore subject to the risk of employee lawsuits, including class action suits by employees.

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We are subject to the risk of intellectual property rights claims against us, in relation to our TV service and other content related services, including video, photographs, music, music-related or other content we purchase from third party content providers. These claims may require us to initiate or defend protracted and costly litigation, regardless of the merits of these claims. If any of these claims succeed, we may be forced to pay damages or may be required to obtain licenses for the infringing product or service, which, if in substantial sums, could harm our results of operations. If we cannot obtain all necessary licenses on commercially reasonable terms, we may be forced to stop using or selling the products and services. We may not have insurance coverage for these types of claims.

Our operations are dependent on complex technology and information systems.

Our operations are dependent on a number of complex technological systems. The offering of bundles of services by us and Netvision, following our merger, increased the number of complex technological systems involved in providing service to our customers and in the billing process of our customers, resulting in some cases in cumbersome procedures, inefficient usage of resources and lack of uniformity. The occurrence of malfunctions in such complex and ever changing and expanding systems is inevitable. In addition, we are considering implementing one Customer Relation Management, or CRM system for both companies, which may result in larger expenditures than anticipated, require significant management attention that would otherwise be available for our ongoing business, or lead to unforeseen operating difficulties and malfunctions, which may lead to loss of revenues, legal claims and regulatory sanctions. For additional details regarding our information systems agreements, see "Item 4. Information on the Company - B. Business Overview - Network and Technology - Information technology". A malfunction in any of our systems which severely impacts our ability to provide products and services to our customers or adequately bill them, may result in loss of revenues to us, may adversely impact our brand and service perception, and expose us to legal claims, all of which may adversely affect our results of operations.

Our operations are dependent on various information systems. We have experienced, and continue to experience, various forms of cyber attacks on a frequent basis. The unauthorized entry to or disruption of operation of these information systems, including due to cyber attacks, may result in damage to us and our customers. Such damages could include our inability to provide certain services without disruptions, if at all, our inability to bill for services rendered, loss of data to us and our customers or abuse of customers' data, all of which may expose us to legal claims and liabilities. Further, any successful attacks on Netvision's customers' information systems, protected by Netvision's data security products, may also expose Netvision to legal claims and liability.

There are certain restrictions in our licenses relating to the ownership of our shares. As a result of a change in control of IDB, we are currently not in compliance with the terms of our licenses.

Our cellular license restricts ownership of our ordinary shares and who can serve as our directors as follows:

our founding shareholder, Discount Investment Corporation Ltd., or DIC (or its transferee or transferees, if approved in advance by the Ministry of Communications as "founding shareholders"), must own at least 26% of each of our means of control;

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Israeli citizens and residents among our founding shareholders (or their approved transferees) must own at least 20% of our outstanding share capital and each of our other means of control (DIC has agreed to comply with this requirement);

a majority of our directors must be Israeli citizens and residents;

at least 20% of our directors must be appointed by Israeli citizens and residents among our founding shareholders; and

we are required to have a committee of our Board of Directors that deals with matters relating to state security, which must be comprised of at least four directors (including an external director) having the requisite security clearance by Israel’s General Security Service.

If these requirements are not complied with, we could be found to be in breach of our license and our license could be changed, suspended or revoked.

As a result of a rights offering effected by IDB in February 2015 and the subsequent purchase of IDB shares previously indirectly held by Mr. Ben Moshe, one of IDB's controlling shareholders at the time, by corporations controlled by Mr. Elsztain, the other controlling shareholder in October 2015, the control of IDB and consequently indirectly of us, has changed and requires the approval of the Ministry of Communications, including in relation to the Israeli holding requirements included in our communications licenses since Mr. Elsztain is not an Israeli citizen and resident. We have filed a formal request with the Ministry of Communications for its approval of such changes, which includes a request to amend our communications licenses, including with regard to the Israeli holdings requirement set forth in such licenses and an extension period in order for us to comply with the updated provisions (which has not been granted yet). See "Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions – A. Major Shareholders." If our request is not granted and some other accommodation is not provided by the Ministry of Communications, we may face sanctions, which, according to the terms of our licenses, could include the suspension or revocation of our licenses.

In addition, our license provides that, without the approval of the Ministry of Communications, no person may acquire or dispose of shares representing 10% or more of our outstanding share capital. Further, our directors and officers and any holder of ordinary shares representing 5% or more of our outstanding share capital may not own 5% or more of Bezeq or any of our competitors or serve as a director or officer of such a company, subject to certain exceptions which require the prior approval of the Ministry of Communications.

To ensure that an unauthorized acquisition of our shares would not jeopardize our license, our articles of association provide that any shares acquired without approval required under our license will not be entitled to voting rights.

If our service is to be determined by the Israeli Government to be an "essential service", the Prime Minister and the Ministry of Communications could impose additional limitations including a heightened requirement of Israeli ownership of our ordinary shares.

Although our articles of association contain certain provisions that are aimed at reducing the risk that holdings or transfers of our ordinary shares will contravene our license, we cannot entirely control these and other matters required by our license, the violation of

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which could be a basis for suspending or revoking our license. Our other licenses and Netvision's licenses contain similar restrictions. See also "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Government Regulations - Our Principal License" and "-Other Licenses" and "Item 4. Information on The Company – B. Business Overview – Netvision".

We may be adversely affected by the significant technological and other changes in the cellular communications industry.

The telecommunications market is known for rapid and significant technological changes and requires ongoing investments in advanced technologies in order to remain competitive. In recent years we have witnessed a growing demand for Internet, content and data through advanced third and fourth generation cellular phones, smartphones, modems, tablets and other devices using cellular data that resulted in a rapid and immense growth of data traffic on cellular networks and required cellular operators to upgrade their networks to accord such demand. Transfer of subscribers to unlimited packages of services and national roaming on our network, have contributed to the substantially growing demand for data traffic on our network, as well as to voice and text messages. We estimate that data traffic will continue to rapidly grow in the future. To meet the growing demand for cellular data traffic, we are required, among others, to continue our investment in our 4G network and upgrading our transmission network, to allow larger capacity and higher data speed rates. In addition, as in order to provide optimal performance, our LTE network requires additional frequencies to those allocated to us under the LTE frequencies tender (as the Ministry of Communications expects us to evacuate 12 1800MHz which were allocated to us for our 2G network, to be used by our LTE network), we are in the process of allocating additional 1800MHz to our LTE network, in areas where lower usage of our 2G network, together with advanced and modern equipment and software features, allows such allocation, with negligible adverse effect to our 2G network performance. Nonetheless, such limited quantity of frequencies may adversely affect our network performance, specifically if we cannot use the LTE frequencies allocated to Golan pursuant to our pending agreement to purchase Golan or additional frequencies under a network sharing agreement, as our 4G network will have 15MHz at most (similar to Pelephone's network, unless Pelephone enters a network sharing agreement), whereas Partner and Hot's 4G combined network enjoys 20MHz, which may harm our competitive stance.

If we cannot obtain or maintain favorable arrangements with foreign telecommunications operators, our services may be less attractive or less profitable.

We rely on agreements with cellular providers outside Israel to provide roaming capabilities to our cellular subscribers in many areas outside Israel. We cannot control or compel the improvement of the quality of the service that they provide and it may be inferior or less advanced than the service that we provide. Some of our competitors may be able to obtain lower roaming rates than we do because they may have larger call volumes or can use more favorable agreements of their overseas affiliates. If our competitors’ providers can deliver a higher quality, more advanced or a more cost effective roaming service, then subscribers may migrate to those competitors and our results of operation could be adversely affected, more so if the proposed amendment to our license, allowing other operators to provide roaming services to our subscribers, will be adopted.

Inbound roaming to our network is also influenced by our ability to maintain favorable roaming arrangements. The entry of additional UMTS providers has not only

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increased competition regarding outgoing roaming services but also increased competition on inbound roaming services. Additional operators or the abovementioned proposed amendment to our license, may increase such competition further.

In recent years, roaming tariffs for our subscribers have decreased. If roaming tariffs continue to decrease including as a result of the increasing competition or the changing regulation, this could adversely affect our profitability and results of operations.

We also rely on agreements with foreign carriers to provide ILD services by Netvision as well as its international voice hubbing (providing ILD services to foreign operators) services. The risks detailed above in relation to roaming services and possible effects of such risks, apply to Netvion's ILD and hubbing services as well. See "Item 4. Information on The Company – B. Business Overview – Netvision – Telephony Business".

Our substantial debt increases our exposure to market risks, may limit our ability to incur additional debt that may be necessary to fund our operations and could adversely affect our financial stability; regulatory change, market terms and our financial results may affect our possibilities to raise debt.

As of December 31, 2015, our total indebtedness was approximately NIS 3,788 million ($971 million), with our net debt at approximately NIS 2,747 million ($704 million). For additional details see "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects. – B. Liquidity and Capital Resources – General". The indentures governing our debentures currently permit us to incur additional indebtedness (subject in some cases to certain limitations). Our substantial debt could adversely affect our financial condition by, among other things:

increasing our vulnerability to adverse economic, industry or business conditions, including increases in the Israeli Consumer Prices Index, or CPI, as approximately NIS 2,821 million ($723 million) is CPI linked

limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our industry and the economy in general;

requiring us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to service our debt, thus reducing the funds available for operations and future business development, as well as for dividend distribution; and

limiting our ability to obtain, or resulting in less favorable terms and pricing for, additional financing to operate, develop and expand our business or for refinancing existing debt.

Following circulars of the Commissioner of Capital Markets, Insurance and Savings in the Ministry of Finance published on October 2010 and August 2013, instructing institutional investors to follow certain procedures and requirements before investing in non-governmental debentures our series F through I indentures include certain limitations and covenants, including a covenant not to issue additional debentures if it involves a rating downgrade, certain financial covenants, negative pledge, cross default, limitation on the distribution of dividends, obligation to pay additional interest in case of certain rating downgrades (which occurred under our series F and G debentures, in June 2013). For details regarding such limitations and covenants see "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects. – B. Liquidity and Capital Resources – Debt Service". These limitations are

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expected to apply to any additional debt incurred by us. These procedures, limitations and covenants limit our freedom to conduct our business, may impose additional costs on us and may limit our ability to borrow additional debt from Israeli institutional investors as well as adversely affect the terms and price of such debt raising.

Since 2011, we suffered a significant decrease in our operating results, following certain regulatory changes, intensified competition and price erosion (see "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview –Competition" and "-Additional MNOs"). In May 2012 and in June 2013, the rating of our debentures was downgraded due to increased leverage and competitive pressure. This and any further downgrade in our rating, and any adverse change in our financial results, including any increase in our net leverage (defined in our series F through I indentures and other credit facilities as the ratio of net debt to EBITDA during a period of 12 consecutive months, excluding onetime influences), may adversely affect the terms and price of debt raised, particularly through the issuance of debentures to institutional investors, which, given the limitation on the ability of Israeli banks to lend money to us pursuant to the "Guidelines for Sound Bank Administration" issued by the Israeli Supervisor of Banks (as we are a member of IDB’s group of borrowers), may limit our ability to obtain additional financing to operate, develop and expand our business or to refinance existing debt.

See also the law for the promotion of competition and the mitigation of concentration under "Risks Relating to Our Ordinary Shares - Recent Legislation in Israel affecting corporate conglomerates, could adversely affect us" below, which may adversely affect our possibilities of raising debt from Israeli institutional investors.

Our business results may be affected by currency fluctuations, by our currency hedging positions and by changes in the Israeli Consumer Price Index.

A portion of our cash payments are incurred in, or linked to, foreign currencies, mainly U.S. dollars. In particular, in 2013, 2014 and 2015, payments denominated in, or linked to, foreign currencies, mainly U.S. dollars, represented approximately 24%, 20% and 24%, respectively, of our total cash outflow (including payments of principal and interest on our debentures). These payments included capital expenditures, some cell site rental fees, payments for roaming services and to equipment suppliers including handset and set-top boxes and content purchasing agreements (for our OTT TV service) suppliers and part of our dividend payments. As almost all of our cash receipts are in NIS, any devaluation of the NIS against the foreign currencies in which we make payments, particularly the U.S. dollar, will increase the NIS cost of our foreign currency denominated or linked expenses and capital expenditures.

Furthermore, since the principal amount of and interest that we pay on our Series B, D, F and H debentures, are linked to the Israeli CPI, any increase in the Israeli CPI will increase our financing expenses and could adversely affect our results of operations. See "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects – B. Liquidity and Capital Resources – Debt Service" for details.

We purchase derivative financial instruments in order to hedge part of the foreign currency risks, CPI risks deriving from our operations and indebtedness. Derivatives are initially recognized at fair value. Changes in the fair value are accounted for such that: Changes in the fair value of derivative hedging instruments designated as a cash flow hedge are recognized directly as a component of our shareholders’ equity to the extent that the

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hedge is effective. To the extent that the hedge is ineffective, changes in fair value are recognized in our income statement as the hedged item affects earnings. The amount recognized in shareholders’ equity is transferred to our income statement in the same period that the hedged item affects our earnings. Notwithstanding the above, hedge accounting is not applied to derivative instruments that economically hedge monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. Changes in the fair value of such derivatives are recognized through our income statement upon occurrence. These differences in the derivative instruments' designation could result in fluctuations in our reported net income on a quarterly basis.

We may not be able to fulfill our dividend policy in the future; implementation of our dividend policy will significantly reduce our future cash reserves.

In February 2006, we adopted a dividend policy targeting a payout ratio of at least 75% of our net income in each calendar year, subject to any applicable law, our license and contractual obligations and provided that such distribution would not be detrimental to our cash needs or to any plans approved by our Board of Directors. Our series F through I indentures and other credit facilities contain a covenant not to distribute more than 95% of the profits available for distribution according to the Israeli Companies Law 1999, or Companies Law, or Profits. Moreover, under such indentures and other credit facilities, if our net leverage (defined as the ratio of net debt to EBITDA during a period of 12 consecutive months, excluding certain one-time effects) exceeds 3.5:1, we may not distribute more than 85% of our Profits and if our net leverage exceeds 4.0:1, we may not distribute more than 70% of our Profits. For additional details see "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects – B. Liquidity and Capital Resources – Debt Service". In addition, our license requires that we and our 10% or more shareholders maintain at least $200 million of combined shareholders’ equity. Dividend payments are not guaranteed and our Board of Directors may decide, in its absolute discretion, at any time and for any reason, not to pay dividends or to pay dividends at a ratio to net income that is less than that paid in the past. Since 2012 our board of directors declared a dividend for the first quarter of 2012 and third quarter of 2013 only, constituting 75% of our net income and part of our retained earnings from earlier periods, respectively, whereas for the other quarters of 2012 and 2013 and in 2014 and 2015, our board of directors chose not to declare dividends, given the intensified competition and its adverse effect on our results of operations and in order to strengthen our balance sheet. See "Item 8. Financial Information - A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information - Dividend Policy".

Our dividend policy, to the extent implemented, will significantly reduce our future cash reserves and may adversely affect our ability to fund unexpected capital expenditures. As a result, we may be required to borrow additional money or raise capital by issuing equity securities, which may not be possible on attractive terms or at all.

If we are unable to fulfill our dividend policy, or pay dividends at levels anticipated by investors in our shares, the market price of our shares may be negatively affected and the value of our investors’ investment may be reduced.

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We rely on a limited number of suppliers for key equipment and services. We do not own our own infrastructure in the landline market and are dependent on infrastructure providers.

We depend upon a small number of suppliers to provide us with key equipment and services. For example, Nokia Solutions and Networks Israel, or NSN, provides our network system based on LTE technology and GSM/GPRS/EDGE technology, our UMTS/HSPA core system, part of our radio access network and related products and services, and our landline New Generation Network system, or NGN system; LM Ericsson Israel, or LM Ericsson, supplies part of our radio access network and related products and services based on UMTS/HSPA technology and our OTT TV services platform; Alcatel Lucent Israel Ltd., or Alcatel Lucent and Cisco Systems, Inc., or Cisco provide our Carrier Ethernet network and SDH equipment for our transmission network; and Be’eri Printers provides our printing supplies and invoices as well as the distribution, packaging and delivery of invoices and other mail to the postal service distribution centers. In addition, we lease a small portion of our transmission capacity from Bezeq, the incumbent landline operator. Our OTT TV services are further dependent on the Israeli Second Radio and Television authority, the authority responsible for linear channels of the Digital terrestrial television (DTT) broadcasting in Israel.

We are further dependent on infrastructure providers for our (including Netvision's) ISP, ILD, landline telephony (using Voice over Broadband, or VOB technology), broadband infrastructure (using the VDSL landline wholesale market) and OTT TV services. Those providers include Mediterranean Nautilus Ltd. and Mediterranean Nautilus (Israel) Ltd., or collectively Med Nautilus, which connects the Israeli internet network to the "entry points" of the global internet network, as well as Israeli telephony, via an underwater communications cable, and Bezeq and Hot, which provide broadband infrastructure in Israel. Since the launch of the landline wholesale market, we are dependent on Bezeq for the provision of our broadband infrastructure services as well. Should an effective telephony service be provided under the wholesale market and the wholesale market effectively apply to Hot as well, we would be dependent on them for such services as well. These suppliers have suffered labor disruptions, stoppages and slowdowns and may experience them in the future as well. See also "Item 4. Information on The Company – B. Business Overview – Netvision".

In general, if these suppliers fail to provide equipment or services to us that meet requisite quality standards or on a timely basis, or at unfavorable terms to us, we may be unable to provide services to our subscribers in an optimal manner until an alternative source, if one is available, can be found or the situation is rectified, which may harm our ability to compete and result in loss of customers and revenues or place our licenses at risk of revocation for failure to satisfy the required service standards and subject us to customers' lawsuits.

In addition, our cellular end-user equipment sales have been dominated in recent years by Apple and Samsung products, representing over half of our handset sales. See "Item 4. Information on the Company - B. Business Overview - Handsets" for additional details. Advanced Digital Broadcast S.A., or ADB, provides our set-top boxes for our OTT TV services and Altech Multimedia (Pty) Ltd., or Altech, will provide our set-top boxes in the near future. Vubiquity Management Ltd., or VU, provides us with international content and content operation services for our OTT TV services. Should any of these suppliers refuse to sell equipment or content, as applicable, to us, condition such sales on unfavorable terms and conditions or provide our competitors with more favorable terms and conditions, or if these

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suppliers fail to produce successful and desirable products or content when no equivalent alternatives are available, this could have a material adverse effect on our handset sales or OTT TV services revenues, as applicable, and results of operations. In addition, any regulatory change which will prevent our customers from using the DTT or condition such usage on unfavorable terms, degradation of service quality, or labor disputes may adversely affect our services, which may harm our ability to compete and result in loss of customers and revenues.

Our investment in new businesses involves many risks.

We have invested and expect to continue to invest in exploration and development of new business opportunities in order to extend and complete our capabilities and offerings, such as our OTT TV solution, which we launched in December 2014. Such endeavors may involve significant risks and uncertainties, including shift of management attention from our ongoing business, loss of focus of our sales and marketing efforts on our main businesses due to attention given to new businesses, insufficient revenues to offset liabilities assumed and expenses associated with these new investments, adversely affecting our cash flow, especially in businesses that require long term and fixed cost such as for the purchase of content in favor of our OTT TV services, inadequate return of capital on our investments, regulatory changes which may impose additional burdens than those planned, inability to effectively compete with incumbent providers or new competitors entering the market, and unidentified issues not discovered in our due diligence of such strategies and offerings, such as unforeseen operating difficulties and large expenditures. Because these new ventures are inherently risky, no assurance can be given that such strategies and offerings will be successful and will not materially adversely affect our reputation, financial condition, and operating results. Moreover, entry into such new ventures may trigger increased competitive pressure by the incumbent providers of competing services on our core business, aiming at preventing our efforts to compete with them at the relevant market, as triggered in December 2014 by Hot after the launch of our OTT TV services.

We are a member of the IDB group of companies, a large and highly regulated Israeli business group, which may limit our ability to expand our business, to acquire other businesses or raise debt. The effects on us of IDB's financial condition are unclear.

We are an indirect subsidiary of IDB Development Corporation Ltd., or IDB, large and highly regulated Israeli business group. In May 2014, a creditors' arrangement for IDB Holding Corporation Ltd., or IDB Holding, was consummated, and since the third quarter of 2014, IDB's financial statements include a note regarding the existence of significant doubts as to its ability to continue as a going concern due in part to its liquidity condition. In January 2016, the rating of IDB's debentures was further downgraded due to the rating agency's assessment of an additional erosion in IDB's liquidity profile and increase in the risk for insolvency. In March 2016, the rating of DIC's debentures was also further downgraded due to the rating agency's assessment of an insufficient improvement in the DIC's financial flexibility and relatively weak liquidity. IDB's and DIC's financial condition could have an adverse effect on our debentures rating, or on the terms of any new debt raised. In addition, pursuant to the "Guidelines for Sound Bank Administration" issued by the Israeli Supervisor of Banks, the amount that an Israeli bank may lend to one group of borrowers and to each of its six largest borrowers is limited. Since we are a member of IDB’s group of borrowers, these guidelines may limit the ability of Israeli banks to lend money to us.

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Under the Law for the Promotion of Competition and the Mitigation of Concentration, or the Concentration Law, competitive and control concentration factors, both of a certain market and generally, are to be taken into consideration prior to allocation of rights in public assets (including in the communications field) by the relevant governmental authorities, to entities considered to be 'concentrated entities'. Being a subsidiary of IDB, we were included in the list of concentrated entities published in December 2014 to which such requirements apply. This may adversely affect the renewal of our licenses and allocation of additional frequencies to us, which may have an adverse effect on our business. See also "Risks Relating to Our Ordinary Shares - Recent Legislation in Israel affecting corporate conglomerates, could adversely affect us" below.

Due to the limited size and high level of regulation of the Israeli market, and the communications market in particular, our being a member of the IDB group of companies may limit our ability to expand our business in the future, form joint ventures and strategic alliances and conduct other strategic transactions with other participants in the Israeli communications market. Specifically, it may hinder the approval of our agreement to purchase Golan.

We are controlled by a single shareholder who can significantly influence matters requiring shareholders’ approval.

As of December 31, 2015, Discount Investment Company, or DIC held, directly and indirectly, approximately 41.77% of our outstanding share capital. Pursuant to shareholders agreements among DIC and certain of our minority shareholders, who in the aggregate own approximately 3.39% of our ordinary shares, DIC has been granted the voting rights in respect of those shares. In addition to DIC’s shareholdings and such additional voting rights, it has the right to appoint the 20% of our directors that we are required by our license and articles of association to have appointed by Israeli citizens and residents among our founding shareholders. Accordingly, subject to legal limitations, DIC has control (as the term "control" is defined in the Israeli Securities Law; namely the ability to direct a company's activities) over all matters requiring shareholder approval, including the election and removal of our directors (other than external directors) and the approval of significant corporate transactions. This concentration of ownership could delay or prevent proxy contests, mergers, tender offers, open-market purchase programs or other purchases of our ordinary shares that might otherwise give our shareholders the opportunity to realize a premium over the then-prevailing market price for our ordinary shares.

Recent legislation in Israel affecting corporate conglomerates, could adversely affect us.

In December 2013, the Concentration Law was enacted by the Israeli parliament. The law, in material part: (1) imposes limitations on the holdings by a significant corporation that is not in the financial sector in a significant corporation in the financial sector or the holdings of both kinds of corporations under common control and on the possibility of serving as a director in both a significant non-financial corporation and a significant financial corporation; (2) imposes a two layer limitation on the total number of reporting corporations (layers) in pyramidal structure (for existing pyramidal structures of three layers - after a transition period of six years and of four layers – after a transition period of four years); (3) strengthens the corporate governance rules applicable to public companies in Israel, and sets additional limitations on certain transactions in which a controlling shareholder has a personal interest, strengthens the independence requirements of external directors and requires that as of September 2014 and during the said transition period in companies that are third layer and up

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in a pyramidal structure - the majority of the board of directors be independent, as defined in the Israeli Companies Law, and that the number of external directors be half the number of the company's directors less one (rounded upward) but not less than two; (4) authorizes the Israeli Minister of Finance or bodies authorized by it to set limitations regarding the aggregate credit that may be provided by financial institutions to a corporation or a business group (defined as a controlling shareholder and the corporations under its control); and (5) sets additional procedures including involving the committee of mitigation of concentration designated to take into consideration competitive and control concentration factors prior to any allocation of rights in public assets (including in the communications field) by the relevant governmental authorities. We are a third layer company in the pyramidal structure of the IDB group and were included in the list of concentrated entities published in December 2014 to whom such requirements apply. Accordingly, in September 2014 we changed the composition of our board of directors to accord with the requirements of the Concentration Law, and IDB and DIC have until December 2019 to cause us to cease being a third layer company. IDB and DIC have announced that they are reviewing possible ways to achieve this goal without having to forfeit control of us, such as by merging with each other or by taking IDB or DIC private. There can be no assurance how or when this would occur, if at all. In March 2016, IDB announced that the Israeli court approved an arrangement for the purchase of all of IDB's shares from the public by Dolphin Netherlands, pursuant to which companies indirectly controlled by Eduardo Elsztain will own all the shares of IDB as of the end of March 2016. However, since IDB's debentures will continue to be publicly traded, we will still be considered a third layer company. In addition, the new procedures set in the law in relation to allocation of rights in public assets, could have an adverse effect on our ability to renew our cellular license, receive additional frequencies or purchase Golan. The law may also adversely affect our ability to raise debt or other aspects of our business.

Risks Relating to Operating in Israel

We conduct our operations in Israel and therefore our results may be adversely affected by political, economic and military instability in Israel.

Our operations, our network and some of our suppliers are located in Israel. Accordingly, political, economic and military conditions in Israel may directly affect our business. Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, a number of armed conflicts have taken place between Israel and its Arab neighbors, Hamas (an Islamist militia and political group in the Gaza Strip) and Hezbollah (an Islamist militia and political group in Lebanon). Any hostilities involving Israel or the interruption or curtailment of trade within Israel or between Israel and its trading partners could adversely affect our operations and could make it more difficult for us to raise capital. A substantial part of our network and information systems is located within range of missile strikes from the Gaza Strip and Lebanon. Any damage to our network or information systems may damage our ability to provide service, in whole or in part or otherwise damage our operation and could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

More generally, any armed conflicts, terrorist activities or political instability in the region would likely negatively affect business conditions and could harm our results of operations, including following termination of such conflicts, due to a decrease in the number of tourists visiting Israel. Such adverse effects may also occur due to the increasing criticism of Israel in the international community. Since the end of 2010 several countries in the region, including Egypt and Syria, have been experiencing increased political instability, which led to changes in government in some of these countries, the effects of which are

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currently difficult to assess. The absence of a stable government in certain Middle Eastern countries has enabled the development of extremist groups, which could threaten Israeli interests. In addition, Iran has threatened to attack Israel and is suspected to be developing nuclear weapons. Iran is also believed to have a strong influence among extremist groups in areas that neighbor Israel, such as Hamas in Gaza and Hezbollah in Lebanon. This situation may potentially escalate in the future to violent events which may affect Israel and us.

In addition, in the event that the State of Israel relinquishes control over certain territories currently held by it to the Palestinian Authority, we will not be able to provide service from our cell sites located in Israeli populated areas and on connecting roads in these territories. This may result in the loss of subscribers and revenues and in a decrease in our market share.

Our freedom and ability to conduct our operations may be limited during periods of national emergency.

The Communications Law grants the Prime Minister of Israel the authority, for reasons of state security or public welfare, to order a telecommunications license holder to provide services to security forces, to perform telecommunications activities or to establish a telecommunications facility as may be required for the security forces to carry out their duties. Further, the Israeli Equipment Registration and IDF Mobilization Law, 1987, also permits the registration of engineering equipment and facilities and the taking thereof for the use of the Israel Defense Forces. This law further sets the payment for use and compensation for damages caused to the operator as a result of such taking. Our general license also permits the Israeli Government, during national emergencies or for reasons of national security, to take all necessary actions in order to ensure state security, including taking control of our network, and requires us to cooperate with such actions. If national emergency situations arise in the future and if we are to be subject during such time to any of the foregoing actions, this could adversely affect our ability to operate our business and provide services during such national emergencies and adversely affect our business operations. Our other licenses and Netvision's licenses (excluding our ISP licenses) contain similar restrictions. See also "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Government Regulations ― Our Principal License", "Other Licenses" and "– Netvision".

Provisions of Israeli law and our license may delay, prevent or impede an acquisition of us, which could prevent a change of control.

The Israeli Companies Law regulates mergers, requires tender offers for acquisitions of shares above specified thresholds, requires special approvals for transactions involving directors, officers or significant shareholders and regulates other matters that may be relevant to these types of transactions. For example, a merger may not be completed unless at least 50 days have passed from the date that a merger proposal was filed by each merging company with the Israel Registrar of Companies and at least 30 days from the date that the shareholders of both merging companies approved the merger. In addition, a majority of each class of securities of the target company is required to approve a merger. Further, the provisions of our licenses require the prior approval of the Ministry of Communications for changes of control in our Company.

Furthermore, Israeli tax considerations may make potential transactions unappealing to us or to our shareholders whose country of residence does not have a tax treaty with Israel exempting such shareholders from Israeli tax. For example, Israeli tax law does not recognize

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tax-free share exchanges to the same extent as U.S. tax law. With respect to mergers, Israeli tax law allows for tax deferral in certain circumstances but makes the deferral contingent on the fulfillment of numerous conditions, including a holding period of two years from the date of the transaction during which sales and dispositions of shares of the participating companies are restricted. Moreover, with respect to certain share swap transactions, the tax deferral is limited in time, and when the time expires, tax then becomes payable even if no actual disposition of the shares has occurred.

These provisions could delay, prevent or impede an acquisition of us, even if such an acquisition would be considered beneficial by some of our shareholders.

Risks Related to the Proposed acquisition of Golan Telecom Ltd.

Failure to consummate the acquisition could negatively impact the price of our ordinary shares and our future business and financial results.

In November 2015, we entered an agreement for the purchase of Golan, one of our competitors. The consummation of the acquisition may be delayed, the acquisition may be consummated on terms different than those contemplated by the purchase agreement, or the acquisition may not be consummated at all. In particular, we have not received regulatory approval for the acquisition of Golan. There is no assurance that the acquisition will be approved by the Israeli regulators and we anticipate that obtaining such approvals will be challenging, specifically in light of the strong opposition to the transaction, led by the Ministry of Treasury. The current market price of our ordinary shares may reflect a market uncertainty as to whether the acquisition will occur, and a failure to consummate the acquisition could result in a significant decline in the market price of our ordinary shares and a negative perception of us generally. Any delay in the consummation of the acquisition or any uncertainty about the consummation of the acquisition could also negatively impact our share price and future business and financial results.

Also, if the acquisition is not approved and we cannot maintain the national roaming revenues we currently enjoy or an equivalent compensation (with revenues from recruiting part of Golan's subscribers not being an adequate relief), it may substantially adversely affect our revenues and profitability and if such decision results in Golan's insolvency, we may face difficulties in the collection of Golan's debt to us. For additional details, see "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview "- Agreement for the Purchase of Golan".

Failure to successfully execute or attain strategic objectives from our acquisition and growth strategy may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations

Even if the acquisition is successfully executed, we may face subsequent difficulties in optimizing the operations of Golan and may experience unanticipated risks or liabilities that were not discovered, accurately disclosed or sufficiently assessed during the due diligence process. Moreover, even if Golan is successfully acquired, the business may ultimately fail or fall short of achieving our strategic objectives for the transaction over the long term.

Any failures in the execution of the transaction or in achieving our strategic objectives with respect to the acquisition could result in slower growth, higher than expected costs, the recording of asset impairment charges and other actions which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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The proposed acquisition entails various risks, which include but are not limited to:

the regulatory or other approvals required for the proposed acquisition may not be obtained, specifically in light of the strong opposition to the transaction, led by the Israeli Ministry of Treasury, or may be obtained subject to conditions that are not anticipated, or another condition to the closing of the proposed acquisition may not be satisfied, resulting in delays or ultimate failure of consummating a proposed acquisition;

the lengthy, uncertain process of pursuing the purchase could disrupt relationships between us and Golan’s customers, suppliers and employees, distract our or Golan’s management from operating the business, and could lead to additional and unanticipated costs;

the financing of the acquisition, if consummated, is expected to increase the level of our net debt and adversely affect the net debt to EBITDA ratio, included in our debentures and other credit facilities. See "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects. – B. Liquidity and Capital Resources – Debt Service";

Golan may be unable to retain and hire key personnel and/or maintain its relationships with customers, suppliers and other business partners pending the consummation of the proposed acquisition by us;

after the consummation of the acquisition, we may be unable to retain Golan’s key personnel, existing customers, suppliers and other business partners or attract new customers;

failure to achieve the targeted growth and expected benefits of the acquisition of Golan if sales of Golan’s services are lower than anticipated;

undiscovered or unanticipated risks and liabilities, including legal and compliance related liabilities, may emerge in connection with the acquisition, or may be higher than anticipated; and

even after successfully completing the acquisition, the anticipated benefits of the acquisition may ultimately prove to be less than anticipated.

For additional risks in relation to the Golan acquisition, see also "-We face intense competition in all aspects of our business" and "-We may be adversely affected by the significant technological and other changes in the cellular communications industry" above.

Risks Relating to Our Ordinary Shares

A substantial number of our ordinary shares could be sold into the public market, which could depress our share price.

Our largest shareholder, DIC, holds approximately 41.77% of our outstanding ordinary shares, as of December 31, 2015. The market price of our ordinary shares could decline as a result of future sales by DIC or other existing shareholders or the perception that these sales could occur. DIC sold approximately 5% of our outstanding shares outside the United States in 2011 and approximately 1.7% of our outstanding shares in 2013. In addition, under our recent agreement for the purchase of Golan, if approved and consummated, Golan's shareholders will be entitled to up to NIS 400 million in our shares (in accordance with a calculation mechanism set in the agreement), which they may sell after the lapse of two years from closing. See "Item 4. Information on the Company - B. Business Overview – General -

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Agreement for the Purchase of Golan". Sales may be made pursuant to a registration statement, filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, pursuant to the terms of a registration rights agreement or otherwise, or in reliance on an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, including the exemptions provided by Rule 144. Any decline in our share price could also make it difficult for us to raise additional capital by selling shares.

In addition, under our 2006 option plan and 2015 option plan, options are subject to vesting schedules but vesting will be accelerated upon certain events, including any sale or other disposition, of all or substantially all, of the outstanding shares of us. As of December 31, 2015, we had 2,873,190 shares reserved for issuance upon the exercise of options. See "Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employment – E. Share Ownership – 2006 Share Incentive Plan".

ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPANY

Our History

Cellcom Israel Ltd. was incorporated in 1994 in Israel. Our principal executive offices are located at 10 Hagavish Street, Netanya 4250708, Israel and our telephone number is (972)-52-999-0052. Our authorized U.S. representative, Puglisi & Associates, is located at 850 Library Avenue, Suite 204 Newark, Delaware 19711 and our agent for service of process in the United States, CT Corporation System, is located at 111 Eighth Avenue, New York, NY 10011.

In February 2007, we listed our shares on the NYSE and in July 2007, we dual listed our shares on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange, or TASE, and began applying the reporting leniencies afforded under the Israeli Securities Law to companies whose securities are listed both on the NYSE and the TASE.

DIC, a subsidiary of IDB, currently directly and indirectly holds approximately 41.77% of our share capital and the voting rights in respect of an additional approximately 3.39% of our share capital.

As of the date of this Annual Report on Form 20-F, there has been no indication of any public takeover offer by any third party, in respect to our ordinary shares, or by us, with respect to another company’s shares.

We hold one of the five general licenses to provide cellular telephone services in Israel in addition to four MVNO providers. Our cellular license was granted by the Ministry of Communications in 1994 and is valid until 2022.

On August 31, 2011, we completed the acquisition of 100% of the share capital of Netvision, a major Israeli ISP and ILD services provider, for a total consideration of approximately NIS 1.57 billion ($404 million). Since prior to the merger transaction, the IDB Group controlled both Netvision and us, the merger transaction was approved as a related party transaction under Israeli law. For further details, see Item 7. B "Related Party Transactions". For further details on Netvision, see "Item 4.B -Business Overview - Netvision".

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Since 2012 we have suffered radical adverse changes to our results of operations, following regulatory changes, which also facilitated the entry of additional competitors, a dramatically increased competition and continued price erosion, resulting in a decrease in our EBITDA for 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015 by 19.1%, 23.8%, 4.0% and 32%, respectively, in comparison to the previous year, despite continued implementation of aggressive efficiency measures in order to mitigate those adverse effects,. We intend to continue to implement organizational and personnel changes in our continued effort to mitigate the adverse effects of the increased competition in all areas in which operate. We cannot guarantee the success of these measures.

In December 2014 and May 2015, we entered the TV and internet infrastructure markets, respectively, which completed our communications offering to include all communications services in Israel.

In June 2015, we entered an agreement to purchase Home Cellular Ltd., one of the four MVNO's operating in the Israeli cellular market, for an immaterial sum. The agreement is subject to the approval of the Ministry of Communication.

In November 2015, we entered an agreement for the purchase of Golan, one of the other four MNO's operating in Israel. If approved by the regulators and consummated, we expect our purchase of Golan to, among other benefits, increase our cellular subscriber market share and our revenues, provide us with opportunities to offer our other services and products to Golan's subscribers and provide opportunities for cost synergies. See Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors – Risks Related to our Business - We face intense competition in all aspects of our business" and "Item 4. Information on the Company - B. Business Overview – General - Agreement for the Purchase of Golan" and "-Competition" for additional details.

Principal Capital Expenditures

Our accrual capital expenditure in 2013, 2014 and 2015 amounted to NIS 384 million, NIS 487 million and NIS 396 million, respectively. Accrual capital expenditure is defined as investment in fixed assets and intangible assets, such as spectrum licenses, rights of use of communications lines, cellular networks' enhancement and expansion and development of new products, set-top boxes for our TV services and routers for our landline services.

BUSINESS OVERVIEW

General

We are the largest provider of cellular communications services in Israel based upon number of subscribers and estimated market share as of December 31, 2015. Upon launch of our services in 1994, we offered significantly lower prices for cellular communications services than the incumbent provider and transformed the nature of cellular telephone usage in Israel, turning it into a mass market consumption item. We surpassed the incumbent cellular operator and became the market leader in terms of number of subscribers in 1998 and, despite the entry of additional competitors, we have continued since then to have the highest number of subscribers. As of December 31, 2015, we provided services to approximately 2.835 million subscribers in Israel with an estimated market share of 27%. Our closest competitors – Partner and Pelephone - had estimated market shares of 26% and 25%, respectively. Hot Mobile was estimated to have a market share of 11.6%, Golan was

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estimated to have a market share of 8.5% and the MVNOs together, were estimated to have a market share of 1.6%. These estimates are based on the public reports of other operators and our estimate of the market share of the operators who do not publish reports.In the year ended December 31, 2015, we generated revenues of NIS 4,180 million ($1,071 million), EBITDA of NIS 872 million ($223 million), and operating income of NIS 310 million ($79 million). See note 2 to the table in "Item 3. Key Information – A. Selected Financial Data" for a definition of EBITDA. Since 2012 our results of operations were adversely affected by the increasing competition which led to accelerated price erosion and increased churn rate. We estimate that the intensified competition will continue to adversely affect our results in the future. See "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects. – A. Operating Results – Overview –General ". We sell our various services on a stand-alone basis or bundled with certain other services offered by Netvision and us.

We offer a broad range of cellular services through our 2G and 3G cellular networks covering substantially all of the populated territory of Israel and our 4G network launched in 2014 and covering most of the population of Israel. These services include basic and advanced cellular telephone services, text and multimedia messaging services and advanced cellular content and data services. We also offer international roaming services in 181 countries as of December 31, 2015. We offer our subscribers a wide selection of handsets from various leading global manufacturers, as well as repair services on most handsets we offer. We also offer landline transmission and data services to business customers and telecommunications operators and, since July 2006, we offer landline telephony services. Since December 2014 we also offer OTT TV services and since February 2015 we (and Netvision) offer internet infrastructure services through the landline wholesale market (bundled with Netvision's ISP service or – more recently - through triple play packages which also include OTT TV services and VOB).

Through our wholly owned subsidiary Netvision, we offer ISP, ILD, landline telephony (VOB) and teleconferencing services. Additional services include cloud services and data protection products solutions based on products and services offered by us and by third party vendors. For further details on Netvision's business and operations, see "- Netvision" below.

In November 2015, we entered an agreement with Golan and its shareholders for the purchase of 100% of the shares of Golan for the sum of NIS 1.17 billion (subject to certain adjustments). The agreement is subject to certain conditions including the receipt of regulatory approvals. For additional details see " –Agreement for the Purchase of Golan" below.

The following table presents our number of cellular subscribers and revenues for each of the last five years:

	Year Ended December 31,
	2011		2012		2013		2014		2015
Cellular subscribers (end of period) (in thousands)(1)		3,349		3,199		3,092		2,967		2,835
Revenues (in NIS millions)		6,506		5,938		4,927		4,570		4,180

(1)

Subscriber data refers to active cellular subscribers. We use a six-month method of calculating our cellular subscriber base, which means that we deduct subscribers from our cellular subscriber base after six months of no revenue generation and activity on our network by or in relation to the post-paid subscriber, no revenue generating calls or SMS for pre-paid subscriber and no data usage or

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less than NIS 1 of accumulated revenues for M2M (machine to machine) subscribers. The six-month method is, to the best of our knowledge, consistent with the methodology used by other cellular providers in Israel. During the fourth quarter of 2011, we removed approximately 52,000 subscribers from our subscribers base, which included subscribers using our TDMA network who had not requested a transfer to our other networks following the shutdown of our TDMA network as of December 31, 2011, and subscribers who ceased using our services following a change to our policy which previously allowed subscribers to change from post to prepaid subscription as a result of the reduction of Early Termination Fees in the cellular market in early 2011. These changes affected other key performance indicators. In the fourth quarter of 2012, we removed approximately 138,000 M2M subscribers from our subscriber base, following the addition of the above revenue generation criterion for M2M subscribers. This change had an immaterial effect on our ARPU for 2012. In the fourth quarter of 2013 we removed approximately 64,000 subscribers from our subscribers base, following a change to our prepaid subscribers counting mechanism. As a result of such change, we add a prepaid subscriber to our subscribers base only upon charging a prepaid card and remove them from our subscribers base after six months of no revenue generating calls or SMS. Following each of these changes, we have not restated prior subscriber data to conform to such changes.

Business Strategy

Our goal is to strengthen our position as a leading Israeli telecommunications group. The principal elements of our business strategy are as follows:

Offering our customers comprehensive telecommunications solutions. We offer our customers a wide range of cellular and landline telecommunications services. We focus our offerings on bundles of services, which as of May 2015 also included triple play bundles of internet infrastructure (through the landline wholesale market using Bezeq's VDSL infrastructure) and ISP, landline telephony and TV services), as they enhance customer loyalty to us. We also offer a one stop shop for the group's portfolio of services, in both customer service and sales. In addition, we intend to continue to leverage our leading position and large market share in those businesses for cross-sales and the offering of new services which are found to be synergistic to those businesses, such as our OTT TV services and internet infrastructure services, in order to increase our overall revenues and market share.

Growing in wireline services. We intend to continue to expand our landline business with both private and business customers. For private customers, we provide Internet infrastructure (via Bezeq's infrastructure through the wholesale market) and ISP, home telephony services (VOB, via Bezeq's and Hot's infrastructure), OTT TV services as well as ILD services. For business customers, we provide a wide range of telecommunications services, including Internet infrastructure (via Bezeq's VDSL infrastructure through the wholesale landline) and ISP, transmission services, ILD, landline telephony services, as well as hosting and data security services. These, combined with approximately 1,780 kilometer inland fiber-optic network, our microwave infrastructure, and Netvision's high penetration in business parks and industrial centers, provide us with the ability to selectively offer cost-efficient landline telecommunications solutions to business customers and integrated offerings of landline and cellular services.

Optimization of cost structure. We continue our efforts to reduce costs and improve our efficiency. In 2015, we continued taking other aggressive efficiency measures, through adjustments to the existing head count, a reduction in overhead expenses and improvement of work processes. We plan to continue streamlining our costs in 2016, including organizational and personnel changes, and also through our agreement to purchase Golan, if approved and executed.

Agreement for the Purchase of Golan

In November 2015, we entered an agreement with Golan and its shareholders for the purchase of 100% of the shares of Golan, for the sum of NIS 1.17 billion, or Purchase

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Agreement and Purchase Price, respectively. The Purchase Price is subject to certain adjustments, including due to specified material adverse events with respect to Golan.

Golan is one of the four other MNOs operating in Israel in addition to us. It launched operations in 2012 with a strong brand recognized for low-cost services, and primarily provides cellular services to approximately 900,000 customers (as of November 2015), with a comparatively low churn. For the year ended December 31, 2014 and the six months ended June 30, 2015, Golan's revenues were NIS 395 million and NIS 243 respectively, and net profit was NIS 21 million and NIS 2 million, respectively (according to information provided by Golan to us).

If approved by the regulators and consummated, we expect our purchase of Golan to, among other benefits, increase our cellular subscriber market share and our revenues, provide us with opportunities to offer our other services and products to Golan's subscribers and provide opportunities for cost synergies.

The purchase of Golan is another step in turning us into a leading telecommunication group that provides high value at low prices to the Israeli consumer. We intend to operate Golan Telecom as an independent company.

The main provisions of the Purchase Agreement include:

Up to NIS 400 million out of the Purchase Price shall be paid in the form of a mandatorily convertible 5 year note issued to the sellers by us. The note shall be repaid through the issuance of our ordinary shares. The sellers may request conversion or assign the note at any time after the second anniversary of the closing date, at which time, we may elect, at our sole discretion, to repay the sellers by the equivalent market value of the shares, rather than issue the shares. Golan's shareholders will receive limited customary registration rights in relation to such shares.

Golan shall continue to purchase national roaming services from us, until the earlier of the closing date or a certain date specified in the Agreement following its termination date and as of January 2016, shall increase its monthly payment to us to approximately NIS 21 million, or Monthly Consideration. After closing, we shall no longer receive national roaming revenues. The parties further agreed to postpone the payment date for the difference between the sum Golan has been paying us and the sum it is obligated to pay us under the national roaming services agreement, which was set to NIS 600 million, until the earlier of the valid termination of the Purchase Agreement or the lapse of 12 months from the signing of the Purchase Agreement, if no closing is reached by then. The network sharing agreements between us and Golan are void.

The Purchase Agreement contains generally customary representations, covenants, indemnification arrangements, closing conditions and termination terms. Specific closing conditions include the receipt of the approvals of the Israeli Ministry of Communications and the Antitrust Commissioner, and absence of a material adverse change in Golan's condition, as defined in the Purchase Agreement. The Purchase Agreement can be terminated by either party if closing does not occur until the lapse of 12 months from the Purchase Agreement date.

We intend to finance the Purchase Price through a combination of equity and debt. We expect that in addition to the said NIS 400 million convertible note, we would issue approximately NIS 200 million of equity (which may include a rights offering) and will finance the remainder from internal sources and a debt raising.

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There is no assurance that the Agreement shall be approved by the Israeli regulators, which we expect will be challenging, specifically in light of the opposition to the transaction, led by the Ministry of Treasury, nor as to the execution of such a sale.

For risks related to the purchase of Golan, see "Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors – Risks Related to the Proposed Acquisition of Golan Telecom Ltd." above.

Cellular Services and Products

As of December 31, 2015, we provided cellular communications services to approximately 2.845 million subscribers, including basic cellular telephony services, text and multimedia messaging, data and other value-added services as well as handset sales. Not all services are supported by all handsets or by all of our networks.

We offer our cellular subscribers a variety of usage and sector pricing plans and bundles combining cellular services with other communications services that our group offers, such as Internet infrastructure and ISP, landline, ILD and OTT TV services for home and IP switchboard, Internet infrastructure and ISP landline and ILD services for the office. We offer two methods of payment: pre-paid and post-paid. Pre-paid services are offered to subscribers who pay for our services prior to obtaining them, usually by purchasing our "Talkman" pre-paid cards or "virtual" Talkman cards. Post-paid services are offered to subscribers who are willing to pay for our services through banking and credit arrangements, such as credit cards and direct debits. Price erosion and the marketing of unlimited packages, have resulted in a constant decline in our pre-paid subscriber base. In line with regulation, our pricing plans do not include a commitment to purchase our services for a predefined period, other than in large business agreements.

Basic cellular services

Our principal cellular service is basic cellular telephony and data transfer, upload and download (in supporting handsets). Both are included in our "unlimited packages". In addition, we offer many other services with enhancements and additional features to our basic cellular telephony service, including voice mail, cellular fax, call waiting, call forwarding, caller identification and conference calling.

Data services can be used with handsets (in supporting models), cellular modems, laptops and tablets. We provide our customers with a variety of "internet surfing packages" for that purpose.

We also offer both an outbound roaming service to our subscribers when traveling outside of Israel and an inbound roaming service to visitors to Israel who can "roam" into our network. As of December 31, 2015, we had commercial roaming relationships with 546 operators in 181 countries based on the standard agreements of the GSM organization (an umbrella organization in which all the cellular operators operating with GSM technology are members). In addition, as of December 31, 2015, we had 3G roaming arrangements with 347 of these operators, in 114 countries, (some of them for 4G as well) enabling our 3G and 4G roamers to use data services in the respective countries and visiting roamers in Israel of these operators, to use our 3G and 4G services, respectively.

Value-added services

In addition to basic cellular telephony and data services, we offer many value-added services, such as SMS and MMS, cloud backup content services such as music downloads

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and "Cellcom TV" application. SMS is included in our "unlimited packages". We offer those services that we believe are likely to be popular with subscribers and benefit our business. Some of the value-added services that we offer are available only to subscribers who have supporting handset models and some are offered only to business subscribers.

To our business subscribers we also offer multi SMS, M2M, "Double Net" services allowing combined usage of cellular and landline networks in order to insure continuous service, work force management and vehicles management applications.

Handsets

We sell a wide selection of handsets (which for purposes of this report may include other types of communicationsend-user equipment, such as tablets) designed to meet individual preferences. Prices of handsets vary based on handset features and special promotions. We offer a variety of installment plans for handsets and discounts for short term installment plans, however in most cases, handsets are to be paid in 36 monthly installments. We offer a variety of handsets from world-leading brands such as Apple, LG, Nokia, Samsung, Sony, HTC, ZTE and Alcatel. The vast majority of our handset sales in 2015 have been by Apple and Samsung. The handset models we sell offer Hebrew language displays in addition to English, Arabic and Russian (in most of the models). We are also required to provide cellular services to subscribers who did not purchase their handsets from us, provided that the handset model complies with the standards set by the Ministry of Communications. We offer our subscribers repair services for most handsets, in approximately 28 locations, including through our wholly owned dealer, as well as by dispatch service. See also "Customer Care" below.

We also sell modems, tablets and smart watches to promote our data services. In addition, we sell added value products to our customers, such as smart watches.

Samsung International Co. Ltd. provides us Samsung products and spare parts for such products, under terms, including price of products, agreed between us and Samsung from time to time.

In 2013, we entered into an agreement with Apple Sales International for the purchase and distribution of iPhone products, respectively, in Israel. Under the terms of the agreement, we have committed to purchase a minimum quantity of iPhone products, respectively, over a period of three years, which have represented a significant portion of our total cellular handsets purchase amounts, respectively, over that period.

Landline services

In addition to our cellular services, we provide landline telephony, transmission and data services, using our approximately 1,780 kilometers of inland fiber-optic infrastructure and complementary microwave links. We have offered transmission and data services since 2001, landline telephone service since July 2006, and advanced, voice and data landline services since 2008, both to selected business customers. Since May 2015 we (and Netvision) have offered internet infrastructure services through the landline wholesale market, using Bezeq's VDSL infrastructure. Netvision also offers landline services to both private and business customers, focusing on the private sector. For further details, please see "-Netvision" below. For additional details regarding the landline wholesale market and the possible effects

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of the provision of broadband infrastructure services by IBC on our landline business, see "Item 4. Information on the Company –Competition - Wireline".

As of December 2014, we are also offering OTT-TV services, branded 'Cellcom tv' to private customers and using Netvision's systems. Cellcom tv is an hybrid OTT-DTT TV service provided to the Israeli market. The service includes a set-top box that enables linear channels, including based on the Israeli Digital terrestrial television (DTT) broadcasting, Video on Demand library subscription (SVoD) that can be also accessed by smartphones and tablets (TV anywhere), access to internet video content from selected internet sites, music streaming service and additional advanced features such as personal video recorder, VoD playlist channels and connection to social networks, for a highly competitive price. Our VoD catalogue and linear channels offer international and local content from top content suppliers.

In 2012, Netvision entered an agreement with ADB, for the purchase and distribution of set-top boxes and ancillary products and services for our OTT TV services. In June 2015, Cellcom entered an agreement with Altech, for the same purpose.

In 2013, Netvision entered an agreement with VU, a leading international supplier of multiplatform video services and solutions, for the supply of international video content and content operation and management services. Under its agreement with VU, Netvision has committed to pay minimum amounts for such content and services. The Agreement is valid until the end of 2018, and may be terminated by Netvision at the end of 2017, subject to certain conditions; and thereafter is renewable for additional periods of one year each, unless terminated by either party, subject to prior notice.

Network and Technology

General

Our cellular network has developed over the years since we commenced our operations in 1994, and we now have dual cellular and wireline capabilities.

Our "fourth generation" LTE, or Long Term Evolution technology, was launched in August 2014, offers data throughput of up to 112 Mbps on the downlink path and up to 37 Mbps on the uplink path (voice services are provided through our 3G network). Our LTE network is covering most of the population of Israel and in 2016 we intend to continue the deployment of this network and allocate additional spectrum in the 1800 band (where possible) in order to enable higher data throughput rate.

Our "third generation" UMTS/HSPA+, or high-speed packet data access, technology, offers full interactive multimedia capabilities with current data rates of up to 42 Mbps on the downlink path and up to 5 Mbps on the uplink path. In 2016, we intend to continue to support the increasing demand for data traffic, while maintaining its quality of services. This network, considered to be a "3.9" technology, uses the same core as our GSM/GPRS/EDGE network and covers substantially all of the populated territory in Israel. Moreover, our UMTS/HSPA+ network supports types of services that require higher throughput and lower delay, such as video conferencing and provides an adequate fallback for our LTE network by means of smart features and network load sharing.

Our "second generation" GSM/GPRS/EDGE 1800MHz network allows for voice calls, data transmission and multimedia services, although at slower speeds than our LTE and

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UMTS/HSPA+ networks. Our GSM/GPRS/EDGE technology is an advanced second-generation technology and considered to be a "2.75G" technology. It enables us to deliver multimedia and services at speed rates that are higher than the rates offered through regular "second generation" digital cellular technology. Packet data rates vary from 50 Kbps to 200 Kbps, depending mainly on handset capabilities. In addition, in the case of coverage gaps and for voice services supported by our GSM/GPRS/EDGE technology, the network provides an adequate voice fallback for our LTE and UMTS networks. Most of our traffic uses the UMTS/HSPA+ network with a continuous growth of data using our LTE network.

Our transmission network is comprised of approximately 1,780 kilometers of inland advanced fiber-optic cables that, together with our microwave infrastructure, enable us to provide our customers with telephony and high speed and high quality transmission and data services. Our transmission network is strategically deployed in order to cover the major portion of Israel’s business parks and permits us to provide our own backhaul services while reducing our need to lease capacity from Bezeq, the incumbent landline operator in Israel.

Our system for the provision of advanced centrex services based on cloud solutions to our business landline customers, is by Broadsoft Ltd.

Netvision's platform by LM Ericsson, allows the provision of our OTT TV services, together with the Israeli DTT infrastructure.

Cell sites sharing agreement

In September 2014, we entered into a co-operation agreement regarding maintenance services for passive elements of cell sites with Pelephone, including unifying passive elements and streamlining costs, through a common contractor. The contractor to be selected by an RFP process, will enter a separate agreement with each of us and Pelephone, generally for a period of at least 5 years. In July 2015, the Israeli Antitrust Commissioner approved the co-operation agreement for a period of ten years under certain conditions. However, we have been unable to progress its execution and can provide no assurance that such co-operation will occur in the future.

Infrastructure

We have built an extensive, durable and advanced cellular network system, enabling us to offer high-quality services to substantially the entire Israeli populated territory. We seek to satisfy quality standards that are important to our subscribers, such as high voice quality, high data rate packet sessions, low "blocked call" rate (average rate of call attempts that fail due to insufficient network resources), low "dropped call" rate (average rate of calls that are terminated not in the ordinary course) and deep indoor coverage. Therefore, we have made substantial capital expenditures and expect to continue to make substantial capital expenditures on our network system.

Our LTE network is covering most of the population of Israel and we cover substantially all of the populated areas of Israel with both our UMTS/HSPA+ network and our GSM/GPRS/EDGE network. Our LTE and UMTS/HSPA+ networks are mostly co-located with our GSM/GPRS/EDGE network. The supplier of our LTE network is NSN. The suppliers of our UMTS/HSPA+ network are Ericsson Israel (for part of our 3G radio access network) and NSN (for our core network and part of our radio access network). The supplier

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of our GSM/GPRS/EDGE network is NSN. Ericsson and NSN, each with respect to the network supplied by it to us, provide us with maintenance services.

In recent years, we have enhanced and expanded both our UMTS/HSPA+ network and our GSM/GPRS/EDGE network, primarily in urban areas, by adding infrastructure to improve outdoor and indoor coverage, including through UMTS/HSPA 850 MHz sites deployed through substantially all of the populated areas of Israel. In 2016, we intend to continue to expand our LTE network coverage.

We launched our SDH transmission network in 1999. It is based on Alcatel Lucent and ECI Telecom technology and covers substantially all of the populated areas in Israel, and is maintained by Alcatel Lucent and ECI Telecom. We launched our Carrier Ethernet network in 2010, based on Alcatel Lucent technology. It covers substantially all of the populated areas in Israel and is maintained by Alcatel Lucent. In 2015, we launched an MBH network, by Cisco, intended to support all our cellular traffic. In 2016, we intend to migrate the majority of our cellular sites to this new network.

Pursuant to the requirements of our license (as well as the licenses of the other telephony service providers in Israel), our cellular network is interconnected, either directly or indirectly, to the networks of all other telephony service providers in Israel. Our network monitoring system provides around-the-clock surveillance of our entire network. The network operations center is equipped with sophisticated systems that constantly monitor the status of all switches and cell sites, identify failures and dispatch technicians to resolve problems. Operations support systems are utilized to monitor system quality and identify devices that fail to meet performance thresholds. These same platforms generate statistics on system performance such as dropped calls, blocked calls and handoff failures. Our network operations center is located in our Netanya headquarters. In addition, we have duplicate back up center in Ramle, located approximately 30 kilometers, respectively, south of Netanya and a disaster recovery plan, or DRP, for all our engineering systems. We adopted a business continuity plan and a disaster recovery plan to ensure our ability to continue our operation in emergency situations in accordance with a recent amendment to our license.

In 2011, Netvision entered an agreement with LM Ericsson, for the purchase of our OTT TV services system and ancillary products and services. Netvision has an option to purchase maintenance services on an annual basis until 2018. Our OTT TV service also uses the Israeli DTT infrastructure. The DTT infrastructure may be used freely by our customers.

Cellular Network design

We have designed our GSM/GPRS/EDGE, UMTS/HSPA+ and LTE networks in order to provide high quality and reliability in-line with the requirements set forth in our license while using a cost-effective design, utilizing shared components for our networks, where applicable.

We have a DRP for our engineering systems, aimed at increasing our network's survivability in case of damage to any of its elements. The DRP also provides our network with additional advantages, including increased capacity and advanced qualities in line with our license requirements.

Our primary objective going forward is to continue deploying our LTE network while allocating a smaller amount of our 1800MGz frequencies to our 2G network, where possible,

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through advanced and modern equipment and software features, and to continue to support the increasing demand for data traffic of our high speed UMTS/HSPA+ network. At the same time we intend to continue to perform extensive optimization work to provide our subscribers with maximum capability to support video and other broad-bandwidth content. See "Item 3. Risk Factors – We may be adversely affected by significant technological and other changes in the cellular communications industry ".

Cellular Network performance

We continually optimize our entire network in order to meet the key performance indicators for our services, including dropped calls, voice quality, accessibility, availability and packet success rate. We use advanced planning, monitoring and analyzing tools and introduce advanced and modern equipment and software features in order to achieve our performance goals efficiently and with minimum faults.

The main indicators that we use to measure network performance for voice and packet data are the "blocked call" rate, the "dropped call" rate and average throughput. Our average rates of blocked and dropped calls meet those required by our license. The average throughput indicator is not set in our license.

Spectrum allocation

Spectrum availability in Israel is limited and is allocated by the Ministry of Communications through a licensing process. We have been allocated 2x10 MHz in the 850 MHz frequency band previously used by our TDMA network and currently by our UMTS/HSPA base stations, 2x20 MHz in the 1800 MHz frequency band, 5 - 15 MHz (varying dependent on usage required in different areas) of which are used by our LTE network and the remaining is used by our GSM/GPRS/EDGE network (again varying dependent on usage required in different areas) and 2 x 10 MHz 2100 MHz frequency band used by our UMTS/HSPA network. We believe that our available spectrum is sufficient for our current needs.

Out of the 20 1800 MHz, 3MHz were allocated to us in August 2015 by the Israeli Ministry of Communications, for 4G technologies (such as LTE, LTE Advanced) . Unlike our other frequencies, allocated to us for the duration of our license, these frequencies were awarded to us for a period of 10 years only.

Cell site construction and licensing

We construct cell sites based on our strategy to expand the geographical coverage and improve the quality of our network and as necessary to replace cell sites that need to be removed. Our acquisition teams survey the area in order to identify the optimal location for the construction of a cell site. In urban areas, this would normally be building rooftops. In rural areas, masts are usually constructed. Our transmission teams also identify the best means of connecting the base station to our network, based on our independent transmission network, either by physical optical fiber, microwave link or Bezeq landlines. Once a preferred site has been identified and the exact equipment configuration for that site decided, we begin the process of obtaining all necessary consents and permits. The construction of cell sites requires building permits from local or regional authorities, or an applicable exemption, as well as a number of additional permits from governmental and regulatory authorities, such as construction and operating permits from the Ministry of Environmental Protection in all cases, permits from the Civil Aviation Authority in most cases and permits from the Israeli

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Defense Forces in some cases. In special circumstances, additional licenses are required. See "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Government Regulations—Permits for Cell Site Construction."

Suppliers

In April 2014 we entered a framework agreement with NSN Israel, of Nokia Solutions and Networks group, a worldwide leading network manufacturer, for the purchase of an LTE network, which also supports LTE Advanced technology (4.5 generation) and related services. This agreement will also govern the purchase and services provided under our previous agreement with NSN, in relation to our GSM/GPRS and EDGE networks, UMTS core system and a UMTS/HSPA radio access network and related products and services. We have an option to purchase maintenance services on an annual basis until March 2030.

We entered into an agreement with LM Ericsson in September 2005 for the purchase of UMTS radio access network and ancillary products and services and in December 2011 for the purchase of upgraded UMTS /HSPA products and related services. We have an option to purchase additional maintenance services on an annual basis until 2026.

We use Telcordia’s (which was acquired by Ericsson) intelligent platform, or "IN," to provide services to our GSM/GPRS/EDGE, UMTS and LTE networks, allowing us, at minimal cost, to internally develop sophisticated services with a short time-to-market that are customized to local market requirements. Our IN platform supports all relevant IN protocols, which allows us to provide (subject to applicable roaming agreements) advanced roaming services, including Virtual Home Environment, abbreviated dialing, unified access to voice mail, VPN, local number format from subscribers’ phone book and call screening.

In addition, we have agreements with several Israeli engineering companies for the construction of our cell sites. We also purchase certain network components from other suppliers.

Transmission network

Our transmission network provides us with wireline connectivity for our cellular and landline network in substantially all of the populated territory of Israel. It is based on our fiber-optic network and complementary microwave infrastructure. Our transmission network includes links to our internal cellular network and to our landline and transmission subscribers.

Our optical transmission network is deployed from Nahariya in the north to Beer Sheva in the south and Afula and Jerusalem in the east, consisting of approximately 1,780 kilometers. The fiber-optic network reaches most of the business parks in the country and is monitored by a fault-management system that performs real-time monitoring in order to enable us to provide our subscribers with high quality service. In order to efficiently complete our transmission network’s coverage to substantially the entire country, we use a microwave network as a complementary solution in those areas that are not served by our fiber-optic network. As of December 31, 2015, we had approximately 2,718 microwave links to both our cell sites and subscribers.

In 2015 we continued to expand our Carrier Ethernet network and our ISP network backbone in Israel and abroad in order to support growing demand for capacity, upgraded the capabilities and capacity of our customer Quality of Experience systems and upgraded and

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improved the capabilities of our central system for the protection of our network against cyber attacks.

Under our agreement with Alcatel Lucent, we purchased an SDH transmission network. We purchase maintenance services for the network on an annual basis.

In November 2009, we entered into an agreement with Alcatel Lucent for the purchase of our Carrier Ethernet network. We also agreed to purchase from Alcatel Lucent at least 51% of the equipment and services that we purchase for such network until the lapse of 7 years from final acceptance (until February 2017). We have an option to purchase maintenance services until 2022.

In February 2015 we entered an agreement with Bynat Communications Computers Ltd., or Bynat, for the purchase and maintenance of an MBH transmission network by Cisco. In the agreement we agreed to purchase maintenance services for a term of 5 years from final acceptance (until 2019), and we may stop purchasing such services subject to a termination fee. Thereafter we have an option to purchase maintenance services for a term of 8 years (until 2027).

To supplement our transmission network, we lease a limited amount of transmission capacity from Bezeq, the incumbent landline operator. Netvision owns a small transmission network and leases most of the transmission capacity it requires from us, Bezeq, Hot and Partner.

Information technology

We maintain a variety of information systems that enable us to deliver superior customer service while enhancing our internal processes.

In 2010 - 2015, we entered into several agreements with Amdocs (Israel) Limited, or Amdocs, for the provision of operation, maintenance, management and development services for our and Netvision's billing and customer care systems as well as for the development of a new version for our billing system, to serve Netvision as well as an agreement to replace our and Netvision's current CRM systems and serve both companies. In February 2016, those agreements were consensually terminated by mutual agreement and our billing and CRM systems are supported mostly internally, including by personnel previously engaged by Amdocs.

Netvision currently uses a billing system supported mostly internally and by Intec and a customer care system provided by PeopleSoft and supported mostly internally as well.

We use Nortel’s CTI system for the management of incoming calls to our telephonic call centers.

Our current customer care system presents our customer care employees with a display of a subscriber’s profile based on various usage patterns. This enables us to provide a service based upon information for that particular subscriber.

We also use a knowledge management system relating to our various services and products by Aman, branded "Cellcopedia".

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We (and Netvision as of July 2013) use ERP solutions provided by SAP, supported by Rimini Street Inc, or Rimini. We use a data warehouse based on an Oracle data base system and various data mining tools, ETL by Informatica and reports generated by Cognos. The data warehouse contains data on our subscribers’ usage and allows for various analytical segmentation of the data.

Cisco provides us and Netvision with maintenance proactive malfunction detection and consultant services for both our IP networks equipment. The agreement is effective until the end of 2019.

Sales and Marketing

Sales

As part of our strategy to fully penetrate every part of the Israeli market, we try to make the purchase of our services as easy and as accessible as possible, while making our sales lineup more cost efficient. Our efforts to adjust our sales operations to meet current market conditions include closing and uniting points of sale and eliminating duplicate points of sale or transferring to more cost effective channels. We offer pricing plans, value-added services, handsets, accessories and related services through a broad network of direct and indirect sales personnel. We design pricing plans and promotional campaigns aimed at attracting new subscribers and enhancing our ability to retain our existing subscribers. We pay our independent dealers commissions on sales, while our direct, employee sales personnel receive base salaries plus performance-based incentives. All of our, and our dealers', sales and other customer-facing staff go through extensive training prior to commencing their work. Our distribution and sales efforts for subscribers are conducted primarily through four channels:

Points of sale. We distribute our products and services through a broad network of physical points of sale providing us with nationwide coverage of our existing and potential subscriber base.

We operate directly, using our sales force and service personnel, at approximately 28 physical points of sale and service (having closed two points of sale and service in 2015), located in central and other frequently visited locations to provide our subscribers with easy and convenient access to our products and services. In 2015, we reduced the space of several additional points of sale, and we may continue to do so in 2016.

We also distribute our products and services indirectly through a chain of dozens of dealers (including our own wholly owned dealer, Dynamica) who operate at approximately 150 points of sale throughout Israel. Our dealers are compensated for each sale based on qualitative and quantitative measures. We closely monitor the quality of service provided to our subscribers by our dealers. In our efforts to penetrate certain sectors of our potential subscriber base, we select dealers with proven expertise in marketing to such sectors.

Telephonic sales. Telephonic sales efforts target existing and potential subscribers who are interested in buying or upgrading handsets and services. Our sales representatives (both in-house and outsourced) offer our customers a variety of products and services, both in proactive and reactive interactions.

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Account managers. Our direct sales force for our business customers maintains regular contact with our mid-sized and large accounts, focusing on sales of cellular and wireline services, customer retention and tailor-made solutions for the specific needs of such customers. We provide small and mid-sized business customers one focal point to both sales and services by phone. Our account managers are aided by our various back office experts in determining customers' needs and making suitable offers. Sales to larger business customers or governmental and local authorities sometimes involve participation in the customer's tender process.

Online sales. We offer our customers the ability to purchase our products and services through our internet site and our smartphone application and invest efforts in directing our customers toward self-service channels. We have established a dedicated internet site for the marketing and sales our OTT TV service.

Marketing

Our marketing strategy emphasizes our position as a market leader, our value for money and our provision of a comprehensive solution for our customers' communication needs, by offering services bundles, which combine a package of voice and SMS usage, cellular data, ISP, landline and ILD services for families and following commencement of our OTT TV and internet infrastructure services, a package of voice and SMS usage, cellular data, ILD services and OTT TV service and triple play bundle of OTT TV, internet infrastructure and ISP and landline telephony services and bundles offerings which combine a package of voice and SMS usage, cellular data, repair services, IP switchboard, internet infrastructure and ISP service, landline and ILD services for the office for small and mid-sized businesses. We believe the provision of bundles and triple play packages of our services strengthen loyalty and increase customer satisfaction. We aim to provide our customers with a comprehensive quality experience through the various means of communications that they use, including their mobile handset, tablet and laptop. Alongside our focus on packages for a fixed sum, we have substantially reduced the number of calling plans available to our customers, thus reducing our back office operation.

From surveys that we conduct from time to time, we learn that subscribers base their choice of communications provider primarily on the following parameters: the services included in the bundle; perceived price of services and handsets; level of customer service; perceived quality of the network; general brand perception; and with regards to the cellular provider - selection of handsets and their compatibility with their needs. Our marketing activities take into consideration these parameters and we invest efforts to preserve our subscriber base and attract new subscribers.

We leverage our extensive interactions with our customers to provide the requested services and also to cross- and up-sell cellular and wireline products and services according to customer needs, usage trends and profitability, mostly by using advanced CRM models, to increase customer satisfaction, loyalty and revenues.

We regularly advertise in all forms of media, including in promotional campaigns. We also use "one to one" promotional campaigns such as advertisements in our subscribers' monthly bill and in incoming IVR. We believe our marketing and branding campaigns, including our "Cellcom tv" advertisement campaign conducted since the launch of such services, has been very successful and acclaimed among the Israeli public and even contributed to the strength of the "Cellcom" brand. We believe that the success and public

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response that the campaigns have generated is the result of the relevance of their messages to our customers, indicating the success of our focus and differentiation from our competitors.

Cellcom was ranked by Globes as the leading and strongest brand of Israel’s cellular market in 2015 for the fifth year in a row, and 'Cellcom tv' was chosen as the 2015 winning launch, both by Israel's marketing association and in a poll taken among Israel's leading marketing VPs. We believe that our strong brand recognition gives us the high level of market exposure required to help us achieve our business objectives.

Customer Care

Our customer service unit is our main channel for preserving the long-term relationship with our subscribers. We focus on customer retention through the provision of quality service and customer care. In order to achieve this goal, we systematically monitor and analyze our subscribers’ preferences, characteristics and trends by developing and analyzing sophisticated databases. In addition, subscribers are encouraged to subscribe to additional value-added services, mobile data and content services as well other communications services such as internet infrastructure and ISP services, landline telephony and ILD services and our private customers – OTT TV services as well, in order to enhance customer satisfaction and increase ARPU, with a specific focus on bundles of services. We invest large resources in the quality of our service to our customers. Our customer care representatives receive extensive training before they begin providing service and thereafter regularly undergo training and review of their performance. We provide our customer care representatives with a continually updated database, thus shortening the interaction time required to satisfy the customer’s needs and preventing human errors and closely monitor the service provided by them, in order to assure its quality. We constantly review our performance by reviewing customers applications and conducting surveys among our subscribers in order to ensure their satisfaction with our services and to improve them as necessary. In addition, we constantly apply preventive and preemptive measures aimed at reducing churn.

In our efforts to adjust our costs to new market conditions, we have closed or unified walk-in centers in neighboring locations and reduced or relocated call centers, operating them in a more cost effective fashion, while placing greater focus on self-service channels and proactive malfunction resolution, identifying and solving problems ahead of customer complaint.

In order to respond to subscribers’ needs in the most efficient manner, our customer support and service operation offers several channels for our subscribers:

Call centers. In order to provide quick and efficient responses to the different needs of our various subscribers, our call-center services are divided into several sub-centers: general services; technical services; billing; sales; international roaming; and data and internet. We are constantly reviewing the effectiveness of our service and in 2014, we commenced operating a multi-function call center providing all our services. The call center services are provided in four languages: Hebrew, Arabic, English and Russian. We regularly monitor the performance of our call centers. We currently operate call centers in nine locations throughout Israel, four of which are outsourced. In 2015, we witnessed an additional decrease in calls to our calls centers. During peak hours our call centers have the capability to respond to 600 customer calls

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simultaneously. We are making efforts to reduce the number of calls to our call centers by offering simple price plans and promoting our self-service channels.

Walk-in centers. As of December 31, 2015, we independently operated approximately 28 service and sales centers, having closed two more points of sale and service in 2015, with approximately 150 additional sale and service points operated by our dealers (including our wholly owned dealer, Dynamica), covering almost all the populated areas of Israel. These centers provide a walk-in contact channel and offer the entire spectrum of products and services that we provide to our subscribers and potential subscribers (the majority of which are provided in our dealers' sale and service points as well), including handset sales, accessories sales (by our wholly owned dealer Dynamica), upgrades and other services, such as bill payment, pricing plan changes and subscriptions to new services. These stores are mostly located in central locations, such as popular shopping malls. The majority of our walk-in centers offer handset repair service for the more minor malfunctions whereas for the more major malfunctions and where on-site repair service is not available, our walk-in centers serve as a contact point in which our subscribers deposit their handsets for repair and receive the repaired handset after two business days in the same center or at a location of their choice by a courier, with the repair services conducted in a central lab.

Self-services. We provide our subscribers and potential subscribers with various self-service channels, such as interactive voice response, or IVR, internet site and our smartphone application, automatic and live chat and live sms chat, and mobile phone application, where they can receive general and specific information, including pricing plans, account balance, information regarding our various services and products and trouble shooting and handset-operation. We invest efforts in directing our customers to use self-service channels.

Our business sales force and back office personnel also provide customer care to our business customers. We provide small and mid-sized business customers one focal point to both sales and services by phone. We offer our business customers repair services by a dispatch service collecting the handset within 48 hours and returning the repaired handset within 48 hours, during which time, the customer is provided with a substitute handset, free of charge.

Customer service for our OTT TV and landline wholesale market services and Netvision services is provided in our independently operated service centers and through technicians providing services at the customers' homes.

All of our service channels are monitored and analyzed regularly in order to assure the quality of our services and to identify areas where we can improve.

We constantly invest time and efforts making our services compatible to persons with disabilities. We provide customers with disabilities convenient accessibility to our premises and adapted products and services, including sign language customer care at our walk-in services, free dispatch services, and the option to receive sales in the customer's home. We work closely with Accessibility Israel, a leading Israeli non-profit organization advancing accessibility for persons with disabilities in Israel, and train our representatives to provide accessible service to all our customers.

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We entered into an agreement with Be’eri Printers for our printing supplies and invoices as well as the distribution, packaging and delivery of invoices and other mail to the postal service distribution centers in 2003. The agreement is valid until June 2017 and either party may terminate it previously, by advanced written notice to the other party.

Competition

Communications groups and structural separation

The Israeli telecommunications market is currently dominated by four communications groups: Bezeq, Hot, Partner-012 Smile and Cellcom–Netvision. Each of the Bezeq and Hot groups are subject to certain structural separation requirements in relation to sale of bundles of services by Hot and Bezeq and their respective subsidiaries, as a result of being the incumbent and monopoly in their respective core business – landline and multichannel television services. In addition to certain relaxation of the structural separation imposed on the Bezeq group as of 2010, allowing it to offer bundles of services with its subsidiaries, in2015, Bezeq merged with Yes, Bezeq's subsidiary providing multichannel pay-TV, under certain conditions (detailed under "-Wireline" below). Although the Hot group is also subject to structural separation limitations between its multi-channel television, ISP, cellular and landline services, it was allowed to offer a bundle of landline telephony, multichannel television and internet infrastructure services and under certain conditions ISP services as well, and as of 2011, Hot and Hot Mobile are also allowed to sell and market each other's services and exchange information. Bundle offerings have accelerated and are expected to accelerate competition and price erosion in each of the services included, especially in those services which are not the core services of the Bezeq and Hot groups. For possible annulment of the structural limitations following the execution of a wholesale market of landline services or future investment in wireline infrastructure or a proposed change to the ILD services regulation, or approval of mergers in the Bezeq and Hot groups, see "- Wireline" below, "-Government Regulations – Landline" and "Netvision - Internet infrastructure and ISP Business - Competition", "Netvision - Telephony Business - Competition".

Cellular

There is intense competition in all aspects of the cellular communications market in Israel, which has been intensifying further since 2012, with a penetration rate (the ratio of cellular subscribers to the Israeli population) of approximately 127%, representing approximately 10.5 million cellular subscribers at December 31, 2015, and the average annual churn rate in Israel in 2015 is estimated to be 38%, higher than the churn rates in other developed economies. We expect this intensified competition to continue in the future. We currently compete for market and revenue share with eight other cellular communications operators: four MNOs (Partner, Pelephone, Hot Mobile and Golan (which we agreed to purchase in November 2015, subject to regulatory approvals )) and four MVNOs (Rami Levy Hashikma Communications Marketing Ltd., or Rami Levy, Home Cellular Ltd. (whose purchase by us is pending approval of the Ministry of Communications), or Home Cellular, Azi Communications Ltd., or Azi and Cellact Communications Ltd., or Cellact). Marathon 018 Ltd., or Marathon, is expected to be awarded the 6^th MNO license, after winning frequencies in the recent 4G frequencies tender.

Our estimated market share based on number of subscribers was approximately 27% as of December 31, 2015. Estimated market shares at such time of Partner, Pelephone, Hot

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Mobile and Golan were estimated to be approximately 26%, 25%, 11.6% and 8.5%, respectively and the MVNOs' collective market share was estimated to be 1.6%. These estimates are based on the public reports of other operators and our estimate of the market share of the operators who do not publish reports.

Hot Mobile and Golan commenced their UMTS operation in May 2012. Rami Levy, Home Cellular, Azi and Cellact, all mobile virtual network operators, commenced operations in December 2011, April 2012 , July 2013 and December 2013, respectively.

Partner started operations in 1998 and is controlled by S.B. Israel Telecom Ltd. (indirectly controlled by the media entrepreneur Haim Saban) and Scailex, an Israeli company listed on the TASE, and by its affiliate Suny, the official importer of Samsung cellular phones to Israel. In March 2011, Partner purchased the outstanding shares of 012 Smile Telecom Ltd., or Smile Telelcom, an ISP and ILD operator, now also serving as Partner's cellular low cost brand dealer and in 2015, its network sharing agreement with Hot Mobile was approved and the two companies began joint operation through a joint subsidiary.

Pelephone is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Bezeq, the incumbent landline operator and started operations in 1986. As of January 2015, its low cost brand services are sold by another subsidiary of Bezeq – Walla Communications Ltd., an internet portal. In 2015, Pelephone purchased the operation (including subscribers) of Alon Cellular Ltd., an MVNO operator. Bezeq is controlled by B Communications Ltd., or B Communications,. B Communications is an Israeli company traded on the NASDAQ and the TASE and controlled by Internet Gold Golden Lines Ltd., or Internet Gold. Both B Communications and Internet Gold form part of the Eurocom Communications Group, or Eurocom, controlled by the Israeli businessman Shaul Alovich.

Hot Mobile (previously named Mirs Communications Ltd.) had its license upgraded from push-to-talk to a cellular license in February 2001. In mid-2012 it began its UMTS operation. Hot Mobile is owned by Hot Telecom, or Hot, which is owned by the French businessman Mr. Patrick Derhy. The Hot group provides multichannel pay-TV services, Internet infrastructure and ISP services, and landline telephony services. In 2015, its aforementioned network sharing agreement with Partner was approved and the two companies began joint operation through a joint subsidiary.

Golan is owned by Xavier Niel, founder and controlling shareholder of the French telecom company Iliad - Free, Patrick and Gerard Pariente, founders and former owners of Naf Naf, a European fashion brand, Michael Golan, the CEO of Golan and former CEO of the French telecom company Iliad – Free and David Golan. Golan began to operate in mid-2012. In November 2015, we entered an agreement with Golan and its shareholders for the purchase of Golan, subject to certain conditions including regulators' approvals, as described under " – Agreement for the Purchase of Golan" above.

Rami Levy is a subsidiary of a major Israeli discount supermarket chain. Home Cellular is a subsidiary of a leading 'do it yourself' stores chain. Azi is owned by Telzar, an ILD operator. Cellact is owned by Cellact Ltd., a content provider.

The competition in the cellular communications market intensified following the entry of additional cellular operators to the market, specifically the launch of two new UMTS operations by Hot Mobile and Golan in mid 2012, without having to first invest in building their own network, with significantly lower tariffs than market level at that time for private

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customers. This has led to a material increase in churn rate and accelerated and continuous price erosion and a material decrease in revenues and profitability for us. Since 2015, Hot Telecom has been targeting the business sector, offering lower tariffs than market level, which led to increased competition and price erosion in that sector as well.

Handsets

In the handsets market, we compete with numerous vendors, chain stores and importers' stores. Regulatory decisions in recent years alleviating the regulatory requirements on the import to and sale of handsets in Israel, coupled with regulatory decisions preventing cellular operators from linking handsets sale and cellular services, led to the entry of additional competitors into the market, significantly increased competition and decreased sales for us. See "Item 4. Information on The Company - Government Regulations – Tariff Supervision" for additional details. That, coupled with the growing change in the business market where corporations no longer purchase cellular services for their employees from a designated operator but rather allow each employee to purchase his or her own device and obtain cellular services from their operator of choice, known as the "bring your own device" phenomenon, may further increase the competition in this market.

Wireline

The Israeli landline telephony market has been dominated for many years by Bezeq, the incumbent landline monopoly which held as of March 31, 2015 (according to the Ministry of Communications report) approximately 2/3 of the landline telephony market (and an even larger market share in the business landline telephony sector(. Hot, the incumbent TV monopoly, entered this market in recent years and was allowed to bundle its landline service together with its internet infrastructure and its multi-channel television service. Bezeq and Hot groups are the only groups owning full landline infrastructure in Israel and offering internet infrastructure services to both ISPs and end-users. Other players include us, Netvision, Partner, Smile Telecom and Bezeq International. The landline wholesale market was to allow wholesale landline telephony service as of May 2015. As of the date of this report, no wholesale landline telephony services are provided. In December 2015 the Ministry of Communications published a hearing proposing an interim alternative by which operators without infrastructure would be allowed to resell Bezeq's telephony (for tariffs substantially higher that those set for the wholesale service) and in January 2016, the Ministry of Communications announced it will not interfere with the tariffs Hot proposes for its wholesale telephony service. We believe the resale alternative will not result in competition in this field. For details see "- Government Regulation – Landline".

Transmission and landline data services are provided by Bezeq, Hot, Partner and us. These services are provided to business customers and to telecommunications operators.

Multichannel pay-TV services are dominated by Hot (the incumbent TV provider and monopoly in this field) and YES, (a subsidiary of Bezeq) with approximately 828,000 and 639,000 households, respectively, as of September 30, 2015. The multichannel pay-TV market is also highly penetrated with levels above those of most developed economies. We successfully entered this market in December 2014, using an hybrid OTT-DTT television service, with approximately 63,000 households subscribed to our Cellcon tv services as of December 31, 2015. DTT broadcasting may be used by additional players as well, to be bundled with additional IPTV or Over the Top (OTT) channels, as we do. Partner, Rami Levy and Golan also announced they are considering entering this market and in January 2016,

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Netflix, the American internet based VOD content provider, announced it is opening its services to viewers in additional countries including Israel, though without translation of the content and user interface or local content, and it is expected to provide a complementary service to the existing competitors' content. In March and September 2014, the Israeli Antitrust Commissioner, aiming to facilitate the entry of new competitors to the TV market by reducing entry barriers, published the following requirements as a precondition for the approval of any merger in each of the Bezeq and Hot groups: (1) Bezeq to generally not bill ISPs for TV related internet infrastructure services, annul and not engage in any non-original production exclusivity arrangements; and (2) both Bezeq/ Yes and Hot to allow new TV service providers to purchase certain original production of Bezeq for two years from the approval of the merger. The Bezeq –Yes merger was completed in 2015. For details of the ISP and ILD markets, see "Netvision - Internet infrastructure and ISP Business" and "Netvision - Telephony Business" below.

Internet infrastructure services are provided by Bezeq and Hot to approximately 1.27 million and 694,000 households in Israel, respectively, with an immaterial quantity provided by IBC. As of the first half of 2015, internet infrastructure services are provided by other operators, including us, through the landline wholesale market, using Bezeq's VDSL infrastructure. Based on Bezeq and Hot reports, at the end of September 2015, the Internet infrastructure services household penetration rate was approximately 74%. We bundle this service with our ISP service and also as part of our triple play offering. As of December 31, 2015, we had approximately 94,000 households subscribed to our internet infrastructure services. In January 2016, the Ministry of Communications published a hearing proposing maximum tariffs for Hot's wholesale internet structure services. Effective inclusion of Hot's infrastructure in the wholesale market may increase the amount of potential subscribers to our triple play and bundle offerings. For the details regarding a wholesale landline market in Israel see "-Government Regulations – Landline" below.

While an effective wholesale landline market, specifically one including both Bezeq and Hot's infrastructure and providing both telephony and infrastructure services, will enhance our ability (including through Netvision) to compete and extend our service offering, the intended annulment or substantial alleviation of structural separation and Bezeq's tariffs supervision, may have a material adverse effect on our competitive capabilities and results of operation, more so if effected before an effective wholesale market is in place. Further, the entry of new competitors to the landline market, through the wholesale market, has and may trigger further escalation in the competition in other markets in which we operate, such as the ISP. The effectiveness of the wholesale landline services and our ability to offer these services is dependent on the manner of implementation of the wholesale services and the cooperation of the infrastructure owners in the execution of the regulator's decisions and in relation to issues and processes not regulated, which, until now, was lacking.

For further details see below in this Item 4. B. under "- Netvision".

Competition – general

The principal competitive factors in the telecommunications market include the services included in the bundle, perceived price, general brand perception and customer service.

In response to the enhanced competition in the Israeli telecommunications market, we have implemented various steps and strategies, including:

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identifying new opportunities to maximize our advantages as a communications group, such as our successfully launched television over the internet services and internet infrastructure services through the landline wholesale services;

focusing on the offering of bundles of services, as it strengthen customer retention and on enlarging customer purchases from us;

agreeing to acquire Golan (subject to certain conditions including regulators' approvals), to increase our offering possibilities and sales opportunities to additional customers;

investing in our network to ensure our ability to offer quality and advanced cellular and wireline services, including in our 4G network and providing our customers with the most advanced services; and

taking aggressive efficiency measures through adjustments to our existing head count, reducing overhead expenses and improving work processes, in order to reduce costs and improve our agility.

Our ability to compete successfully will depend, in part, on our ability to anticipate and respond to trends and events affecting the industry, including: the introduction of new services and technologies, changes in consumer preferences, demographic trends, economic conditions, pricing strategies of competitors and changes to the legal and regulatory environment.

Competition may intensify further as a result of the occurrence of any of the events described under "Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors – Risks Related to our Business – We face intense competition in all aspects of our business."

Intellectual Property

We are a member of the GSM Association, together with other worldwide operators that use GSM technology. As a member of the association, we are entitled to use its intellectual property rights, including the GSM logo and trademark.

We are the proprietor of approximately 30 domain names and approximately 100 trademarks and trademarks applications, the most important of which are the star design, "Cellcom", "Talkman", "Cellcom Volume" and "Cellcom tv". Netvision is the proprietor of approximately 100 domain names and approximately 30 trademarks, the most important of which are "Netvision" and "013 Netvision". We are also the proprietor of a few registered patents.

Government Regulations

The following is a description of various regulatory matters that are material to our operations, including certain future legislative initiatives that are in the process of being enacted. There can be no certainty that the future legislation described here will be enacted or that it will not be subject to further change before its final enactment.

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General

A significant part of our operations is regulated by the Israeli Communications Law, 1982, the regulations promulgated under the Communications Law and the provisions of our licenses, which were granted by the Israeli Ministry of Communications pursuant to the Communications Law. We are required by law to have a license in order to provide certain communications services in Israel. The Ministry of Communications has broad supervisory powers in connection with the operations of license holders and is authorized, among other things, to impose financial penalties for violations of the Communications Law, the regulations and our licenses. For a description of the principal licenses held by Netvision see below in this Item 4.B under the caption "- Netvision".

Our principal license

The establishment and operation of a cellular communications network requires a license pursuant to the Communications Law for telecommunications operations and services and pursuant to the Israeli Wireless Telegraph Ordinance (New Version), 1972, for the allocation of spectrum and installation and operation of a cellular network.

We provide our cellular services under a non-exclusive general license granted to us by the Ministry of Communications in June 1994, which requires us to provide cellular services in the State of Israel to anyone wishing to subscribe. The license expires on January 31, 2022, but may be extended by the Ministry of Communications for successive periods of six years, provided that we have complied with the license and applicable law, have continuously invested in the improvement of our service and network and have demonstrated the ability to continue to do so in the future. The main provisions of the license are as follows:

the license may be modified, cancelled, conditioned or restricted by the Ministry of Communications in certain instances, including: if required to ensure the level of services we provide; if a breach of a material term of the license occurs; if DIC (or a transferee or transferees approved by the Ministry of Communications), in its capacity as our founding shareholder, holds, directly or indirectly, less than 26% of our means of control (with "means of control" defined for these purposes as voting rights, the right to appoint a director or general manager, the right to participate in distributions, or the right to participate in distributions upon liquidation); if our founding shareholders who are Israeli citizens and residents hold, directly or indirectly, less than 20% of our means of control (DIC, as founding shareholder, has undertaken to comply with this condition); if at least 20% of our directors are not appointed by Israeli citizens and residents from among our founding shareholders or if less than a majority of our directors are Israeli citizens and residents; if any of our managers or directors is convicted of a crime of moral turpitude and continues to serve; if we commit an act or omission that adversely affects or limits competition in the cellular communications market; or if we and our 10% or greater shareholders fail to maintain combined shareholders’ equity of at least $200 million;

it is prohibited to acquire (alone or together with relatives or with other parties who collaborate on a regular basis) or transfer our shares, directly or indirectly (including by way of creating a pledge which if foreclosed, will result in the

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transfer of shares), in one transaction or a series of transactions, if such acquisition or transfer will result in a holding or transfer of 10% or more of any of our means of control, or to transfer any of our means of control if as a result of such transfer, control over our company will be transferred from one party to another, without the prior approval of the Ministry of Communications. For the purpose of the license, "control" is defined as the direct or indirect ability to direct our operations whether this ability arises from our articles of association, from written or oral agreement or from holding any means of control or otherwise, other than from holding the position of director or officer;

it is prohibited for any of our office holders or anyone holding more than 5% of our means of control, to hold, directly or indirectly, more than 5% of the means of control in Bezeq or another cellular operator in Israel, or, for any of the foregoing to serve as an office holder of one of our competitors, subject to certain exceptions requiring the prior approval of the Ministry of Communications;

we, our office holders and our interested parties, may not be parties to any arrangement whatsoever with Bezeq or another cellular operator that is intended or is likely to restrict or harm competition in the field of cellular services, cellular handsets or other cellular services. For the purpose of the license, an "interested party" is defined as a 5% or greater holder of any means of control;

we are subject to the guidelines of Israel’s General Security Services, which may include requirements that certain office holders and holders of certain other positions be Israeli citizens and residents with security clearance. For example, our Board of Directors is required to appoint a committee to deal with matters concerning state security. Only directors who have the requisite security clearance by Israel’s General Security Services may be members of this committee. In addition, the Minister of Communications is entitled under our license to appoint a state employee with security clearance to act as an observer in all meetings of our Board of Directors and its committees;

prior to operating a network, we are required to have agreements with a manufacturer of cellular network equipment for the duration of its intended operating period, which must include, among other things, a know-how agreement and an agreement guaranteeing the supply of spare parts for our network equipment for a period of at least seven years;

we are required to interconnect our network to other public telecommunications networks in Israel, on equal terms and without discrimination, in order to enable subscribers of all operators to communicate with one another, and are also required to provide national roaming services to new UMTS operators;

we may not give preference in providing infrastructure services to a license holder that is an affiliated company over other license holders, whether in payment for services, conditions or availability of services or in any other

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manner, other than in specific circumstances and subject to the approval of the Ministry of Communications;

there are certain general types of payments that we may collect from our subscribers, general mechanisms for setting and raising tariffs, including the basic airtime charging units, and providing cellular services related benefits, reports that we must submit to the Ministry of Communications and an obligation to provide notice to our customers and the Ministry of Communications prior to increasing tariffs and the Ministry of Communications is authorized to intervene in setting tariffs in certain instances;

we must maintain a minimum standard of customer service, including, among other things, establishing call centers, maintaining a certain service level (both coverage and performance) of our network, collecting payments pursuant to a certain procedure, protecting the privacy of subscribers; use a specific format for our agreement with our customers; obtain an explicit request from our subscribers to purchase services, whether by us or by third parties, as a precondition to providing and charging for such services, including specific requirements as to format and a default blockage of the customer's ability to purchase certain services; maintain a specific form of evidence of customers' request to purchase our services as a precondition to charging our customers for those services; and provide certain notifications to customers regarding the services ordered and the procedures for handling subscribers' objections as to billing and repayment of overcharged sums;

we may not be transfer, pledge or encumber the license or any part thereof without the prior approval of the Ministry of Communications, and face restrictions on the sale, lease or pledge of any assets used for implementing the license;

we are required to obtain insurance coverage for our cellular activities. In addition, the license imposes statutory liability for any loss or damage caused to a third party as a result of establishing, sustaining, maintaining or operating our cellular network. We have further undertaken to indemnify the State of Israel for any monetary obligation imposed on the State of Israel in the event of such loss or damage. For the purpose of guaranteeing our obligations under the license, we have deposited a bank guarantee in the amount of NIS80 million with the Ministry of Communications, which may be forfeited in the event that we violate the terms of our license;

we must maintain and follow a business continuity plan and a disaster recovery plan; and

network sharing, if approved, is to be carried out in accordance with specific instruction in our license;

In the event that we violate the terms of our license, we may be subject to substantial penalties, including monetary sanctions. In August 2012, the Communications Law was amended so as to set gradual financial sanctions on communication operators, for breach of their licenses, the sum of which shall be calculated as a percentage of the operator's income and based on the gravity of the breach. The maximum amount per violation that may be

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imposed is approximately NIS 1.6 million plus 0.225% of our annual revenue for the preceding year. The Ministry of Communications published criteria to be used for determining the sum of the imposed sanctions, including the impact on the competition, the duration of the violation, the number of subscribers affected, the benefit to the operator from the violation and prior violations. Following the publication of the guidelines, the MOC has substantially increased its supervision activities and imposed monetary sanctions, including on us (in immaterial sums). Substantial sanctions will harm our results of operations. In the event that we materially violate the terms of our licenses, the Ministry of Communications has the authority to revoke them.

In July 2014, the Israeli Ministry of Communications published a hearing regarding 2G and 3G networks' coverage and quality requirements. The requirements proposed are more severe than the existing requirements and if adopted may adversely affect our result of operations.

In August 2014, the Ministry of Communications published a hearing regarding roaming services provided to subscribers. The hearing proposes, in order to increase competition and reduce roaming payments by subscribers, among others, to allow other Israeli telecommunication operators, including other cellular operators, mobile virtual network operators, international calls operators and landline operators to offer roaming services to a cellular subscriber of another cellular operator, while abroad, using the subscriber's usual cellular number as well as change the way payments for roaming services are calculated. See additional details under "-Tariff Supervision" below. The effects of the changes proposed vary significantly depending on the alternative adopted. The adoption of some alternatives may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

In August 2014, the Ministry of Communications proposed to amend the Israeli Communications Law and set fixed compensation in case of failure to meet response times and the Minister of communications proposes to set for telecommunications operators' call centers, as well as a fixed compensation in case a subscriber was wrongfully overcharged (more severe than the existing provision to that effect in the Israeli Consumer Protection Law). We estimate that the proposed changes, if adopted as proposed, would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

Other licenses

Unified license

In July 2015, Cellcom Fixed Line Communications L.P., or Cellcom Fixed Line, a limited partnership wholly-owned by us, was granted a non-exclusive unified general license,

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allowing the provision of landline telephone communications services and replacing its former special general license for the provision of landline communications services granted in April 2006. The license expires in April 2026, but may be extended by the Ministry of Communications for successive periods of 10 years. The partnership deposited a bank guarantee in the amount of NIS 2 million with the Ministry of Communications upon receiving the license. The provisions of our cellular license , including as to its extension, generally apply to the unified license, subject to certain modifications.

The unified license allows its holder to provide any of the aforementioned services as well as MVNO services, ISP services (currently provided under an internet service provider license) and installation and maintenance of telecommunication equipment at a customer's or the licensee's premises (currently provided under a "network end point" license), subject to the inclusion of a relevant appendix in the unified license and it is intended to alleviate the requirements on license holders that are not required to have a nationwide infrastructure, in order to decrease entry barriers for additional competitors to enter those markets.

The unified license was also granted to 013 Netvision, our indirect wholly owned subsidiary, and one of its subsidiaries, replacing the general license for the provision of international telecommunication services, special licenses for the provision of ISP services and "network end point" and a special general license for the provision of landline telephone services.

The unification process of our unified licenses into one license and its timing is yet to be determined in coordination between the Ministry of communications and the operator and may have various legal, financial, tax and accounting implications on our operations to the extent it would require the transfer of assets, goodwill, rights and obligations among the companies in our group or require an operational unification. The provision of several services by one entity would also circumvent the limitations on discrimination between operators.

Data and transmission license

In 2000, we were granted a non-exclusive special license for the provision of local data communications services and high-speed transmission services, which is effective until December 2017. Following the grant of a special general license for the provision of landline telephone communications services to Cellcom Fixed Line, which also includes the services previously provided through our data and transmission license, our data and transmission license was amended in June 2006 to permit only Cellcom Fixed Line to be our customer of these services (and these services are now being provided to our customers through Cellcom Fixed Line). The provisions of our general and general specific licenses described above, including as to their extension, generally apply to this license, subject to certain modifications.

Services in Judea and Samaria

The Israeli Civil Administration in Judea and Samaria granted us non-exclusive licenses for the provision of cellular and landline services to the Israeli-populated areas in Judea and Samaria. Those licenses are effective until December 31, 2017. We expect we will be able to renew this license without undue burden. The provisions of the cellular and landline licenses described above, including as to its extension, generally apply to those licenses, subject to certain modifications.

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ISP license

In December 2001, we were granted a non-exclusive special internet services provider, or ISP, license for the provision of internet access services. The license is effective until December 2018 but may be extended by the Ministry of Communications for successive periods of five years. The provisions regarding the transfer of our shares that are included in the special license for the provision of data and transmission services described above, generally apply to this license.

Tariff supervision

Under the Israeli Communications Regulations (Telecommunications and Broadcasting) (Payment for Interconnecting), 2000, interconnect tariffs among landline operators, international call operators and cellular operators are subject to regulation. In September 2010, the regulations were amended to dramatically reduce maximum interconnect tariffs payable to cellular operators, leading to a material decrease in our revenues.

As of 2013, we are prohibited, under the Communications Law, from making any linkage between a cellular services transaction and a handset purchase transaction, including by way of offering airtime rebates or refunds for handsets. This has resulted in decreased sales of handsets by us and increased churn. In November 2013, the MOC instructed the discontinuance of any specific rebates and refunds to customers transferring from other cellular operators.

The Communication Law has prevented the collection of early termination fees in plans with a commitment to a predefined period, or Early Termination Fees, in the cellular market (as of 2012) and the other communication markets (as of 2011) (excluding from customers with more than a certain amount of cellular lines or over a certain amount of monthly invoice for bundles or other services) in existing as well as new pricing plans. An additional amendment to the Law prohibits the collection of the handset's remaining installments in one payment pursuant to early termination. This has led to materially increased churn rate and subscriber acquisition and retention costs and subsequently to accelerated price erosion.

Under the Communications Law, if a new operator or Hot Mobile and the hosting operator for national roaming have not reached an agreement as to the terms of the service (including the consideration), for any reason, until the service is to commence (after certain criteria is met) the service will be provided for the then prevailing interconnect tariff (in case of a call and for data services - 65% of the interconnect tariff per 1 mega) and subsequently (but no later than February 1, 2012) shall be determined by the Ministry of Communications with the consent of the Minster of Finance and applied retroactively. Unfavorable terms and consideration for the service, may result in material adverse effect on our results of operations. In October 2011, we entered a national roaming agreement with Golan and in September 2011, Hot Mobile entered a national roaming agreement with Pelephone and later with Partner (which was later replaced by a network sharing agreement by Hot Mobile and Partner).

Under the Communications Law, in the event that a MVNO and the cellular operator, will not have reached an agreement as to the provision of service by way of MVNO within six months from the date the MVNO has approached the cellular operator, and if the Ministry of Communications together with the Ministry of Finance determine that the failure to reach an

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agreement is due to unreasonable conditions imposed by the cellular operator, the Ministry of Communications may intervene in the terms of the agreement, including by setting the price of the service. In November 2014, the Ministry of Communications published the principles for reviewing the reasonability of MVNO hosting agreements, including existing agreements which the MVNO request to update if the existing agreement hinders its ability to compete and the parties fail to reach an agreement as to its update, to be carried out in light of the best offer made by the cellular operator to a business customer. Unfavorable terms and consideration for the service, may result in material adverse effect on our results of operations. For additional details see "Mobile Virtual Network Operators" below. To date, five MVNOs commenced operations after entering hosting agreements (two of them - Alon Cellular and Home Cellular - were purchased in 2015 by their hosting MNO – Pelephone and us, respectively. Our purchase of Home Cellular is subject to the approval of the Ministry of Communications).

As of January 2013, we are obligated to pay our customers predetermined damages for each discrepancy from the customer's pricing plan, remedied after the customer complained, under the Consumer Protection Law. The damages are in an insignificant amount, but may aggregate to substantial amounts if paid to numerous customers on multiple occasions. In August 2014, the Ministry of Communications proposed a bill aiming to impose substantially increased predefined damages for any discrepancy from the customer's pricing plan, which may aggregate to substantial sums if paid to numerous customers on multiple occasions.

In August 2013, the Communication law was amended so as to authorize the Minister of Communications to give instructions and to set interconnect tariffs and usage of another operator's network rates and supervised services prices, based not only on previous method of cost (according to a calculation method determined by the Minister of Communications) plus reasonable profit, but also on the basis of one of the following: (1) payment for services provided by a licensee; (2) payment for a comparable service; or (3) comparison to such services or interconnect tariffs in other countries. In addition, the Minister of Communications was authorized to give instructions in relation to structural separation for the provision of different services, including between services provided to a licensee and services provided to a subscriber.

In August 2014, the Ministry of Communications published a hearing regarding roaming services provided to subscribers. The hearing proposes, in order to increase competition and reduce roaming payments by subscribers, among others, to change the way payments for roaming services are calculated, such as by requiring a 1 second unit or 1 KB unit (as applicable) for billing of roaming services while abroad and not charging for certain intervals of the call. The adoption of such proposed changes may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

Network Sharing

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investing in a 4G network will be considered as meeting an operator's undertaking to deploy a 3G network under certain conditions; (5) approval of active sharing of radio networks using shared equipment and frequencies shall be for a limited period, only if there are at least three independent cellular networks in Israel, and is conditioned upon certain conditions, including: (i) the obligation to allow other operators to join on terms equal to the terms granted to the sharing operator with the smallest market share; (ii) the obligation to host a Mobile Virtual Network Operator without the other sharing operators' consent; (iii) the shared radio network must be operated through a joint entity held equally by the sharing operators, which entity will be required to obtain a license from the Ministry of Communications and will use the frequencies allocated to sharing operators; and (iv) the radio elements of the shared network will be held in equal parts by the sharing operators, and each of the sharing operators will have the right to use other sharing operators' passive infrastructure following termination of the agreement.

Our network sharing agreements with Golan were not approved and declared void by us and Golan in our November 2015 agreement to purchase Golan. Our co-operation agreement of passive elements only with Pelephone was approved; however, we have been unable to progress in its execution and we can provide no assurance that such co-operation will occur in the future. Hot and Partner's network sharing agreement was approved and the two begun a joint operation through a joint subsidiary.

Permits for cell site construction

General

In order to provide and improve network coverage to our subscribers, we depend on cell sites located throughout Israel. The regulation of cell site construction and operation are primarily set forth in the Israeli National Zoning Plan 36 for Communications, which was published in May 2002. The construction of radio access devices, which are cell sites of smaller dimensions, is further regulated in the Communications Law.

The construction and operation of cell sites are subject to permits from various government entities and related bodies, including:

building permits from the local planning and building committee or the local licensing authority (if no exemption is available);

approvals for construction and operation from the Commissioner of Environmental Radiation of the Ministry of Environmental Protection;

permits from the Civil Aviation Authority (in most cases);

permits from the Israel Defense Forces (in certain cases); and

other specific permits necessary where applicable, such as for cell sites on water towers or agricultural land.

National Zoning Plan 36

National Zoning Plan 36 includes guidelines for constructing cell sites in order to provide cellular broadcasting and reception communications coverage throughout Israel, while preventing radiation hazards and minimizing damage to the environment and

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landscape. The purpose of these guidelines is to simplify and streamline the process of cell site construction by creating a uniform framework for handling building permits.

National Zoning Plan 36 sets forth the considerations that the planning and building authorities should take into account when issuing building permits for cell sites. These considerations include the satisfaction of safety standards meant to protect the public’s health from non-ionizing radiation emitting from cell sites, minimizing damage to the landscape and examining the effects of cell sites on their physical surroundings. National Zoning Plan 36 also determines instances in which building and planning committees are obligated to inform the public of requests for building permits prior to their issuance, so that they may submit objections to the construction of a site in accordance with the provisions of the Planning and Building Law. Many local authorities have argued that a building permit issued in reliance on the Plan requires the payment of amelioration charge. In 2013 this position was adopted in principle by an appeal zoning committee. However, in 2014 a district court rejected such claim in relation to another national zoning plan, and the decision was appealed and awaits the Supreme Court's decision. Should the matter be decided against us in appeal zoning committees or by a court of law, the costs of constructing a site will substantially increase.

However, National Zoning Plan 36 is in the process of being revised. Currently proposed changes would impose additional restrictions and requirements on the construction and operation of cell sites. In June 2010, the proposed changes were approved by the National Council for Planning and Building and submitted for the approval of the Government of Israel. If the proposed changes are approved by the Israeli Government, they will harm our ability to construct new cell sites, make the process of obtaining building permits for the construction and operation of cell sites more cumbersome and costly, and could adversely affect our existing network and delay the future deployment of our network.

Site licensing

We have experienced difficulties in obtaining some of the permits and consents required for the construction of cell sites, especially from local planning and building authorities. The construction of a cell site without a building permit (or applicable exemption) constitutes a violation of the Planning and Building Law. Violations of the Planning and Building Law are criminal in nature. The Planning and Building Law contains enforcement provisions to ensure the removal of unlawful sites. There have been instances in which we received demolition orders or in which we and certain of our directors, officers and employees faced criminal charges in connection with cell sites constructed and/or used without the relevant permits or not in accordance with the permits. In most of these cases, we were successful in preventing or delaying the demolition of these sites, through arrangements with the local municipalities or planning and building authorities for obtaining the permit, or in other cases, by relocating to alternate sites. As of December 31, 2015, we were subject to four criminal and administrative legal proceedings alleging that some of our cell sites were built and have been used without the relevant permits or not in accordance with the permits. As of the same date, a small portion of our cell sites operated without building permits or applicable exemptions. Although we are in the process of seeking to obtain building permits for these sites, we may not be able to obtain them and in several instances we may be required to relocate these sites to alternative locations or to demolish them without any suitable alternative. In addition, we may be operating a significant number of our cell sites, in a manner which is not fully compatible with the building permits issued for them, although they are covered by permits from the Ministry of Environmental Protection in respect of their

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radiation level. In some cases we will be required to relocate these cell sites to alternative locations, to reduce capacity coverage or to demolish them without any suitable alternative.

Based on advice received from our legal advisors and consistent with most Court rulings on the matter and the Israeli Attorney General opinion on the matter (given in May 2008) that the exemption from obtaining a building permit applies to cellular radio access devices, we have not requested building permits under the Planning and Building Law for rooftop radio access devices.

Notwithstanding the Attorney General's opinion, in May 2008 the District Court of Tel-Aviv-Jaffa, in its capacity as court of appeals, ruled that our and other cellular operators’ devices do not meet the exemption’s requirements and therefore cannot be relied upon by us and other cellular operators. We and other cellular operators appealed against this ruling to the Supreme Court and the State notified the Supreme Court it concurs with our and another cellular operator’s appeals against the District Court ruling. The State requested that a third operator’s appeal be returned to the District Court for further deliberation on specific questions regarding the interpretation of "rooftop" and the requirement to obtain an extraordinary usage permit in the circumstances of that case in the context of the exemption. The Supreme Court decided to hear our appeal together with two appeals filed in 2008 and 2009, including by the Union of Local Authorities in Israel and certain local planning and building authorities, requesting to argue against the position of the State.

In July 2009, the inter-ministry committee established to examine the appropriateness of future application of the exemption according to the Attorney General opinion, published its recommendations for future application of the exemption. While the Ministry of Communications recommended that, given the difficulties in obtaining permits for the construction of cell sites, the exemption should be reviewed after the lapse of one to two years from the approval of the new National Zoning Plan 36, to verify that it provides an adequate solution that allows the cellular operators to provide required communications services, the Ministries of Interior Affairs and Environmental Protection recommended that the exemption be annulled within 6 months from the date of the recommendations.

In September 2009, following publication of such recommendations, the Attorney General concluded that the application of the exemption does not balance properly the different interests involved and therefore cannot continue. In March 2010 the Israeli Ministry of Interior Affairs submitted draft regulations setting conditions for the application of the exemption for the approval of the Economy Committee of the Israeli Parliament, which includes significant limitations on the ability to construct radio access devices based on such exemption. Under the Israeli Supreme Court's interim order issued in 2010 at the Attorney General's request and somewhat relaxed in 2011, we, Partner and Pelephone are prohibited from constructing further radio access devices in cellular networks in reliance on the exemption until the enactment of the proposed regulations or other decision by the court, other then the replacement of existing radio access devices under certain conditions, whereas Hot Mobile and Golan are allowed to construct radio access devices in reliance on the exemption, under certain limitations. In December 2015, Hot Mobile and Partner requested, with the Attorney's General approval, further relaxation of the order, to allow them to construct new radio access devices under certain conditions, in furtherance of their network sharing and we have requested a similar relaxation Pelephone has also requested a relaxation of the order. Further, the Attorney General notified the Israeli Supreme Court that a recommendation to enact regulations setting conditions for the application of the exemption is being considered and such regulations may be different than those proposed in 2010. We

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are awaiting the Court's decision. Additionally, in November 2008 and again in October 2014, the District Court, in its capacity as court of appeals, ruled that the exemption does not apply to radio access devices, if the rooftop on which those devices are located is at the same level as a place of residence or other building that is regularly frequented by people. Other appeals relating to the exemption, including as to the requirement to obtain an extraordinary usage permit, are still under consideration, as well as other claims asserting that those cell sites and other facilities do not meet other legal requirements continue.

An annulment of, or inability to rely on, or substantial limitation of, the exemption, the dismantling of radio access devices and cell sites due to reasons out of our control and the objection of some local planning and building authorities to grant due permits where required, could have a negative impact on our ability to obtain environmental permits for these sites, could negatively affect the extent, quality, capacity and coverage of our network (specifically in urban areas), and our ability to continue to market our products and services effectively and may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Radio access devices do receive the required permits from the Ministry of Environmental Protection. Since October 2007, the Commissioner of Environmental Radiation at the Ministry of Environmental Protection took the position that he will not grant and/or renew operating permits to radio access devices, where the local planning and building committee’s engineer objected to the Company's reliance upon this exemption for radio access devices. We believe that in taking this position, the Commissioner is acting beyond his powers.

Several local planning and building authorities argue that Israeli cellular operators may not receive building permits in reliance on the current National Zoning Plan 36, or the Plan, for cell sites operating in frequencies not specifically detailed in the frequencies charts attached to the Plan. In a number of cases, these authorities have refused to issue a building permit for such new cell sites, arguing that the Plan does not apply to such cell sites and that building permits for such cell sites should be sought through other processes (which are longer and cumbersome), such as an application for an extraordinary usage or under existing local specific zoning plans. Since June 2002, following the approval of the Plan, building permits for the Company's cell sites (where required) have been issued in reliance on the Plan. The proposed draft amendment to the Plan covers all new cell sites requiring a building permit, independently of the frequencies in which they operate. Most of our cell sites and many cell sites operated by other operators, also operate in frequencies not specifically detailed in the Plan. The frequencies allocated in the 2011 UMTS tender to Hot Mobile and Golan as well as the frequencies awarded under the January 2015 4G frequencies tender, are also not detailed in the Plan. We believe that the Plan applies to all cell sites, whether or not they operate in specific frequencies.

If this approach continues, it would have a negative impact on our ability to deploy additional cell sites (until such time as the Plan is amended to include all cellular cell sites), which could negatively affect the extent, quality and capacity of our network coverage and our ability to continue to market our products and services effectively.

In addition to cell sites, we provide repeaters (also known as bi-directional amplifiers) and femto-cells to subscribers seeking a solution to weak signal reception within specific indoor locations. Based on advice received from our legal advisors, we have not requested building permits under the Planning and Building Law for outdoor rooftop repeaters, which

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are a small part of the repeaters that have been installed. It is unclear whether other types of repeaters and femto-cells require building permits. Some repeaters and femto-cells require specific permits and others require a general permit from the Ministry of Environmental Protection in respect of their radiation level, and we ensure that each repeater functions within the parameters of the applicable general permit. Should it be established that the installation of repeaters and femto-cells (including those already installed) requires a building permit, we will perform cost-benefit analyses to determine whether to apply for permits for existing repeaters or to remove them and whether to apply for permits for new repeaters or femto-cells.

In addition, we construct and operate microwave sites as part of our transmission network. The various types of microwave sites receive permits from the Ministry of Environmental Protection in respect of their radiation level. Based on advice received from our legal advisors, we believe that building permits are not required for the installation of these microwave facilities on rooftops. If the courts determine that building permits are necessary for the installation of these sites, it could have a negative impact on our ability to obtain environmental permits for these sites and to deploy additional microwave sites and could hinder the extent, quality and capacity of our transmission network coverage and our ability to continue to market our landline services to our business customers (based on our own infrastructure) effectively.

In August 2014, additional regulations that include a new exemption from obtaining a building permit came into effect. The exemption is afforded to the addition of an antenna to an existing cell site and is subject to receiving the Commissioner of Environmental Radiation approval that such addition does not change the radiation safety range set in relation to such cell site prior to the addition.

Operating a cell site or a facility without the requisite permits or not in accordance with permits granted could subject us and our officers and directors to criminal, administrative and civil liability. Should any of our officers or directors be found guilty of an offence, although this has not occurred to date, they may face monetary penalties and a term of imprisonment. In addition, our sites or other facilities may be the subject of demolition orders and claims of breach of contract and we may be required to relocate cell sites to less favorable locations or stop operation of cell sites. This could negatively affect the extent, quality and capacity of our network coverage and adversely affect our results of operations.

In July 2011, an inter ministry team of the Ministries of Communications, Finance, Interior, Environmental Protection and the Anti-Trust Commissionaire, published its recommendations regarding cell site sharing. The recommendations include compulsory cell sites sharing in the construction of new cell sites or modification to existing cell sites which require a building permit (the Ministry of Communications may exempt from the obligation to share cell sites where such obligation poses technological and engineering difficulties), while providing preference and leniencies to the new UMTS operators, as well as the reduction of existing non shared cell sites quantity. Unlike the site sharing we wish to implement in the framework of our agreements with Pelephone, where site sharing will be carried out where it is beneficial for us, these recommendations or similar recommendations, if enacted, would further burden the construction of new cell sites and modifications to existing cell sites, and may adversely affect our existing cellular network, network build-out and results of operations.

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In May 2012, the positions of the Ministries of Communications, Health and Environmental Protection in relation to the various aspects of the provision of 4G services in Israel were published, in response to a petition to hold a public debate regarding 4G service in Israel and prevent 4G spectrum allocation until such debate is held. The Ministries held the position that 4G services would involve some increase in the level of non-ionizing radiation the public will be exposed to and that in order to minimize such increase 4G deployment should, among others, be based on current cell sites, additional outdoor and indoor small cell sites and, whenever possible, use wireline infrastructure so that data traffic shall be carried mostly through wirelines and not cellular infrastructure. The Ministry of Environmental Protection stated that full deployment of 4G infrastructure, under the guidelines set by the ministries shall decrease the level of exposure from handsets and create a more balanced level of exposure from cell sites, and in any case much lower than the maximum exposure levels recommended by the international health organization and required under the environmental permits for cell sites in Israel. In August 2014, the Ministry of Communications allowed the provision of 4G services and in January 2015, 4G frequencies were awarded to the cellular operators. The abovementioned recommendations were not included in the approval or tender documents. See "Construction and operating permits from the commissioner of environmental radiation" below for additional details.

Indemnification obligations

In January 2006, the Planning and Building Law was amended to provide that as a condition for issuing a building permit for a cell site, local building and planning committees shall require letters of indemnification from cellular operators indemnifying the committees for possible depreciation claims under Section 197 of the Planning and Building Law, in accordance with the directives of the National Council for Planning and Building. Section 197 establishes that a property owner whose property value has been depreciated as a result of the approval of a building plan that applies to his property or neighboring properties may be entitled to compensation from the local building and planning committee. The limitation period within which depreciation claims may be brought under the Planning and Building Law is the later of one year from receiving a building permit under National Zoning Plan 36 for a cell site and six months from the construction of a cell site. The Minister of Interior Affairs retains the general authority to extend such period further.

The National Council’s guidelines issued in January 2006, provide for an undertaking for full indemnification of the planning and building committees by the cellular companies, in the form published by the council. The form allows the indemnifying party to control the defense of the claim. These guidelines will remain in effect until replaced by an amendment to National Zoning Plan 36.

Since January 2006, we have provided approximately 400 indemnification letters in order to receive building permits. In addition, prior to January 2006, we provided three undertakings to provide an indemnification letter to local planning and building committees. Local planning and building committees have sought to join cellular operators, including us, as defendants in depreciation claims made against them even though indemnification letters were not provided. We were joined as defendants in a small number of cases, and as of December 31, 2015, we are a party to two depreciation claims for immaterial amounts. We expect that we will be required to continue to provide indemnification letters as the process of deploying our cell sites continues. As a result of the requirement to provide indemnification letters, we may decide to construct new cell sites in alternative, less suitable locations, to reduce capacity coverage or not to construct them at all, should we determine that the risks

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associated with providing such indemnification letters outweigh the benefits derived from constructing such cell sites, which could impair the quality of our service in the affected areas.

Construction and operating permits from the commissioner of environmental radiation

Under the Non-Ionizing Radiation Law (and previously under the Israeli Pharmacists Regulations (Radioactive Elements and their Products), 1980), it is prohibited to construct and operate cell sites without a permit from the Ministry of Environmental Protection. The Commissioner of Environmental Radiation is authorized to issue two types of permits: construction permits, for cell site construction; and operating permits, for cell site operation.

These permits contain various conditions that regulate the construction and/or operating of cell sites, as the case may be. Our cell sites routinely receive both construction and operating permits from the Commissioner within the applicable time frames. Some repeaters require specific permits and others require general permits from the Commissioner in respect of their radiation level, and we ensure that each repeater functions within the parameters of its applicable general permit.

Pursuant to the Non-Ionizing Radiation Law, the construction and operation of cell sites and other facilities requires the prior approval of the Commissioner. The validity of a construction permit will be for a period not exceeding three months, unless otherwise extended by the Commissioner, and the validity of an operating permit will be for a period of five years and we are required to submit to the Commissioner annual reports regarding radiation surveys conducted on our cell sites and other facilities by third parties that were authorized to conduct such surveys by the Commissioner. Permits that were issued under the Pharmacists Regulations were deemed, for the remainder of their term, as permits issued under the Non-Ionizing Radiation Law. An applicant must first receive a construction permit from the Commissioner and only then may the applicant receive a building permit from the planning and building committee. In order to receive an operating permit from the Commissioner, certain conditions must be met, such as presenting a building permit or an exemption and means taken (including technological means) to limit exposure levels from each cell site or facility (relevant also for the receipt of a construction permit). In April 2010, the Commissioner amended all existing operating permits to include an obligation to provide the Commissioner with online, ongoing data regarding the radiation level on each of the cell sites and other facilities operated by each cellular operator, satisfied by a monitoring system supplied by the Commissioner and installed at the operator's premises. We provide the Commissioner with the requested data. See "Site licensing" above for additional details in regards to obtaining a building permit or relying on an exemption.

The Non-Ionizing Radiation Law also regulates permitted exposure levels, documentation and reporting requirements, and provisions for supervision of cell site and other facility operation. The Non-Ionizing Radiation Law grants the Commissioner authority to issue eviction orders if a cell site or other facility operates in conflict with its permit, and it imposes criminal sanctions on a company and its directors and officers for violations of the law. Failure to comply with the Non-Ionizing Radiation Law or the terms of a permit can lead to revocation or suspension of the permit, as well as to withholding the grant of permits to additional cell sites of that operator.

In March 2013, a bill amending the Non-Ionizing Radiation Law so as to prohibit the grant of permits under such law for the construction and operation of cell sites situated within

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75 meters from certain institutions, passed a preliminary phase of enactment in the Israeli Parliament. According to the bill, such permits granted prior to the enactment of the bill shall expire within 6 months from its effective date. In March 2013, another bill amending the Planning and Building Law was published, so as to broaden the public's right to submit objections to all requests for the construction of cell sites and to allow a wider discretion to the planning authorities in relation to such requests that are submitted in certain circumstances including similar to those described in the previous bill. If the proposed changes to the Non Ionizing Radiation Law or the Planning and Building Law, or similar restrictions are subsequently adopted, they will, among other things, limit our ability to construct new sites (and if applied to existing cell sites, they will also limit our ability to renew operating permits for many of our existing sites), will adversely affect our existing networks and networks build out, specifically in urban areas, and could adversely affect our results of operations.

Handsets

The Israeli Consumer Protection Regulations (Information Regarding Non-Ionizing Radiation from Cellular Telephones), 2002, regulate the maximum permitted level of non-ionizing radiation from handset that emit non-ionizing radiation, according to the European standard, for testing GSM devices, and the American standard, for testing TDMA and CDMA devices. They also require cellular operators to attach an information leaflet to each handset package that includes explanations regarding non-ionizing radiation, the maximum permitted level of non-ionizing radiation and the level of radiation of that specific model of equipment. The Radiation Regulations further require that such information also be displayed at points-of-sale, service centers and on the Internet sites of cellular operators.

We obtained type-approval from the Ministry of Communications for each handset model we started to import prior to November 2012. As of November 2012, we inform the MOC of new models that we start to import and receive the MOC's approval. SAR levels are a measurement of non-ionizing radiation that is emitted by a hand-held cellular handset at its specific rate of absorption by living tissue. SAR tests are performed by the manufacturers on prototypes of each model of handset, not for each and every item. We include the information published by the manufacturer regarding SAR levels as we do not perform independent SAR tests for equipment and rely for this purpose on information provided by the manufacturers. As the manufacturers’ approvals refer to a prototype handset, we have no information as to the actual SAR level of each specific item and throughout its lifecycle, including in the case of equipment repair. We inform our customers that there may be changes in the SAR levels in the event of equipment repair. See "Item 8. Financial Information – A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information – Legal Proceedings – Class Actions" for details regarding two class actions against us, in respect of handsets and accessories.

We are required to provide a warranty for certain end user equipment purchased from us, for certain malfunctions during the first year, and are required to provide repair services for two years and in certain cases, for three years. We are also required to annul equipment sale in certain circumstances, at the request of the customer.

Royalties

Under the Communications Law, the Israeli Communications Regulations (Royalties), 2001, and the terms of our general license, we are required to pay the State of Israel royalties equal to a certain percentage of our revenues generated from telecommunications services,

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less payments transferred to other license holders for interconnect fees or roaming services and losses from bad debt. No royalties were due for sale of handsets. As of 2013, that percentage was 0%.

Frequency fees

Frequency allocations for our cellular services are governed by the Wireless Telegraph Ordinance. We pay frequency fees to the State of Israel in accordance with the Israeli Wireless Telegraph Regulations (Licenses, Certificates and Fees), 1987.

Mobile virtual network operators

A mobile virtual network operator, or MVNO, is a cellular operator that does not own its own spectrum and usually does not have its own radio network infrastructure. Instead, MVNOs have business arrangements with existing cellular operators to use their infrastructure and network for the MVNO’s own customers. The operation of MVNOs in the Israeli cellular market has contributed to the increased competition. If our service to a MVNO is to be provided under unfavorable terms and consideration for us, it may adversely affect our revenues.

For the Minister of Communications' authority to intervene in the terms, including tariffs, for hosting an MVNO, see "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview - Government Regulations - Tariff Supervision". Unfavorable terms and consideration for the service may result in material adverse effect on our results of operations.

To date the Ministry of Communications has granted eleven MVNO licenses and five MVNOs have entered hosting agreements with cellular operators, without the Ministry of Communications's intervention (Rami Levy, Home Cellular (recently purchased by us, subject to approval of the Ministry of Communications), Alon Cellular (recently purchased by Pelephone), Azi and Cellact), and commenced operations in December 2011 through December 2013. It is unknown if and when the others will commence operations. For additional details see "Item 4. B. – Business Overview – The Telecommunications Industry in Israel – Cellular services".

Additional MNOs

Hot Mobile (in September 2011) and Golan (In January 2012) were awarded new UMTS frequencies, following a spectrum tender held by the Ministry of Communications. Under the UMTS tender terms, both Golan's and Hot Mobile's commitment to pay license fees was reduced to NIS 10 million, after reaching 7% market share each, in the private sector. Hot Mobile and Golan were awarded certain additional benefits and leniencies, such as a prolonged timetable for network coverage completion and the right to use national roaming through our, Pelephone or Partner's ' networks.

Under the Communications Law, existing operators (other than Hot Mobile) are required to provide new UMTS operators and Hot Mobile national roaming services, for a period of seven to ten years (subject to certain conditions). For regulatory intervention in the terms of the national roaming service, including tariffs, in case of inability to reach an agreement, see "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview - Government Regulations - Tariff Supervision".

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In October 2011, we entered a national roaming agreement with Golan, under which we provide Golan national roaming services and cell site sharing privileges (which was later amended by our agreement for the purchase of Golan), and Hot Mobile entered a national roaming agreement with Pelephone and later with Partner (which was later replaced by a network sharing agreement by Hot Mobile and Partner). As a result, the Ministry of Communications did not determine the terms for the service.

In May 2012, Golan and Hot Mobile launched their UMTS services, which materially increased competition in the market, increased churn and accelerated price erosion, and have materially adversely affected our results of operations. Investing in a 4G Network will, under certain conditions, replace Golan and Hot Mobile's obligation to deploy a UMTS network. For additional details see "Network Sharing" above.

In January 2015, the Israeli Ministry of Communications completed an 1800MHz frequencies tender, for 4G technologies (such as LTE, LTE Advanced). Participation in the tender was open for all current MNOs, MVNOs and other entities meeting certain condition and bands of 5MHz (excluding our band which was limited to 3MHz given our previous possession of 1800MHz), were awarded to the highest bidders. All existing MNOs and Marathon won bands in the tender and Marathon – a new operator - is expected to be awarded an MNO license. Under the tender terms, Marathon, Golan and Hot Mobile are eligible for up to 50% discount, 10% discount for each 1% addition to their market share, obtained over the next 5 years. We were awarded 3MHz for NIS 6.5 million per 1MHz. Pelephone was awarded 15MHz and each of Partner, Golan, Hot Mobile and Marathon was awarded 5MHZ, for NIS 6.4 – 6.9 million per 1MHz.

Landline

In May 2012, the Israeli Minister of Communications published a policy document regarding landline wholesale services, which mainly provided for: (1) the creation of an effective wholesale telecommunications access market in Israel, as Bezeq and Hot will allow other operators that do not own an infrastructure, to use their infrastructure in order to provide services to end users; (2) the gradual annulment of the structural separation in the Bezeq and Hot groups and its replacement with an accounting separation and change of the supervision on Bezeq retail tariffs to maximum tariffs rather than the current setting of fixed tariffs, generally depending on the development of a wholesale market and the state of competition in the market, and with relation to television broadcasting services, if there is a reasonable possibility of providing a basic package of television services through the internet by providers without a national landline infrastructure.

In January and February 2014, the MOC published hearings regarding terms for the provision of certain wholesale landline services by Bezeq and Hot to other operators (as well as an IRU of passive infrastructure elements by Bezeq and Hot of each other's networks) and the maximum prices it intends to set for certain wholesale services to be provided by Bezeq to other operators (excluding Hot). The MOC noted it is reviewing applying certain wholesale obligations on all landline operators, including us. The MOC further published its decision regarding the types of landline services that shall be offered through the wholesale landline market.

In November 2014, the Minister of Communications amended Bezeq's and Hot's Communications' licenses so as to include certain wholesale landline services, such as internet infrastructure services and wholesale landline telephony services, and the terms for the

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provision of such services (within 3-6 months from the date of that decision) as well as promulgated regulations setting the maximum tariffs of the wholesale landline services to be provided by Bezeq. In November 2014, the Ministry of Communications further published a hearing proposing a method of inspecting whether Bezeq and Hot reduce their retail tariffs and thereby reduce the difference between the wholesale and retail tariffs ("margin squeeze") for certain landline services, aiming at reducing the profit of operators who do not own landline infrastructure and preventing their operation in the market.

In January 2015, the Ministry of Communications further amended Bezeq and Hot's licenses to include additional landline services, such as the use of certain of their physical infrastructure by operators who do not own such infrastructure, and the terms for their provision, as of August 2015. In February 2015, the wholesale landline market was formally launched in Israel (through non-automated operation) in regards to internet infrastructure services and in May 2015 the automated stage of the wholesale landline market was effected in regards to internet infrastructure services. Landline telephony service, which was to be provided as of May 2015, has not been provided yet and in December 2015, the Ministry of Communications published a hearing for an alternative temporary one year resale telephony service, at substantially higher tariffs than those set for the telephony wholesale service. We believe that a resale telephony service is not a viable alternative and that its adoption will harm the competition in the landline market and have therefore objected to its adoption. Further, Although the wholesale market was formally applicable to Hot's infrastructure as well, Hot's infrastructure has been effectively excluded from the wholesale market and in January 2016, the Ministry of Communications published a hearing proposing to set maximum tariffs for Hot's wholesale internet infrastructure services and noting it will not interfere with the tariffs Hot has set for its wholesale telephony service. Effective inclusion of Hot's infrastructure in the wholesale market may increase the potential subscribers to our triple play and bundle offerings.

Further, in January 2016 the Ministry of Communications announced its intention to annul Bezeq and Hot's structural separation as part of its plan to ensure massive investment in fiber optics infrastructure in Israel and setting a framework for a wholesale market using such infrastructure. We believe the annulment of structural separation for the Bezeq and Hot will adversely affect our competitive standing, more so if effected before a complete and effective wholesale landline market is operating. For changes to the Israeli Communication law, extending the Minister of Communications' authority to give instructions and set interconnect tariffs, usage of another operator's network rates and supervised services prices, and give instructions in relation to structural separation, see "-Tariff supervision" above.

In August 2013, IBC (a company owned by the Israeli Electric Company, or IEC, and an international group led by Via Europa) received licenses for the provision of broadband infrastructure services on the IEC's optic fibers infrastructure to other licenses holders as well as directly to large business customers. In 2014, IBC commenced deployment of its infrastructure and commenced the provision of such services in selected areas. Some of the smaller ISP providers have reportedly entered an agreement with IBC. See also "- Competition – Wireline" above.

OTT TV

Television services over the Internet are currently not regulated in Israel. In July 2015, a committee nominated by the Ministry of Communications in order to examine, among other things, the regulatory principles and rules that should apply to both television

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broadcasting over the internet and the incumbents' TV service over cables and via satellite, submitted its recommendations.

In February 2016, a second advisory committee for the regulation of broadcasting nominated by the Ministry of Communications in October 2015, published its interim recommendations for public comments, including: (1) technological neutrality as to the electronic means by which the content is provided; (2) alleviation of regulation of audio-visual broadcasting in certain aspects, to be handled by a new authority to be established (the Commercial Broadcasting Authority); (3) classification of the players in the market into three categories and determination of the regulation applied to each class as follows: (i) an "audio visual provider" shall be allowed to adopt voluntary self regulation, (ii) a "TV provider" (defined as an audio visual provider offering more than 4 linear edited channels or directing its service mainly to the Israeli public) shall be subject to mild regulation involving a mandatory license that shall include certain limitations in relation to content and ownership and a choice of financing between subscription fees or advertisements, and (iii) a "material provider" (defined as an audio visual vendor generally holding market share of 15-20%) shall be subject to the said mild regulation and to a wide regulation which shall include mandatory investments and original Israeli content financing; (4) audio visual providers who own infrastructure shall be obligated, among others, to offer a package of infrastructure, set-top box and open linear channels for a supervised price; and (5) regulation of advertising and commercial content.

The implementation of either committee's recommendations is subject to the adoption thereof by legislation. If the legislation adopted require us to make additional investments or impose unfavorable regulation on our OTT TV service, or apply such regulation to us and not to other OTT TV providers, or usage of the DTT infrastructure, it may adversely affect our OTT TV business.

See also "- Competition – Wireline" above.

Emergency situations

We may be subject to certain restrictions and instructions regarding our activities or provision of services during national emergencies or for reasons of national security or public welfare, which may increase our liability, including taking control of our cellular or landline networks. Further, the Prime Minister and the Ministry of Communications may determine that our services are deemed essential services, in which case we may be subject to further additional limitations on our business operations.

Reporting requirements

We are subject to extensive reporting requirements. We are required to report to the Ministry of Communications the transfer of means of control from certain thresholds and changes of office holders, as well as to provide reports relating to our ongoing operation and services. We are required to submit to the Ministry of Communications detailed annual reports with information concerning subscribers, revenues by service, the number of new subscribers and churn, network performance, annual financial statements and prior notice of tariff increases . In addition, under our license we may be required by the Ministry of Communications to file additional reports, such as reports on complaints, pricing, specific costs and revenues, network problems and the development of the network.We are required

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to provide the Commissioner of Environmental Radiation under the Non-Ionizing Radiation Law and regulations with periodic and online, ongoing data of all cell sites operated by us.

Securities administrative enforcement

Under Israeli securities laws, certain violations of certain securities and securities-related laws supervised by the Israeli Securities Authority, or ISA, may be enforced through administrative measures. The ISA may impose various civil enforcement measures, including financial sanctions, payment to the injured party, prohibition of the violator from serving as an executive officer for a specified period of time, annulment or suspension of licenses, approvals and permits granted under such laws and agreed settlement mechanism as an alternative to a criminal or administrative proceeding. In case of a violation by a corporation, additional responsibility is attributed to the chief executive officer in some cases, unless certain conditions have been met, including the existence and implementation of procedures for the prevention of the violation. We adopted such procedures for the prevention of violations. Since the commencement of operations by the Israeli Securities Law Administrative Enforcement Committee, significant monetary sanctions, ranging up to several million shekels in individual cases, have been imposed on several publicly traded companies and their affiliates for breach of the provisions of the Israeli Securities Law.

Contributing to the Community and Protecting the Environment

We and our employees have been contributing to the community since our inception. We consider contribution to the community in Israel an important component of our business vision and believe we have a responsibility toward the Israeli community, as we acknowledge that business leadership goes hand in hand with social leadership.

In 2015 we continued to contribute to the community with a specific focus on our "Cellcom Volume" youth centers initiative. In addition to promoting Israeli music and artists and providing our customers with Israeli music through a variety of musical content, we have contributed to the creation of "Cellcom Volume" youth centers in various locations throughout Israel, in which we provide young people resources related to music, including music classes, facilities to bands and choirs for rehearsals and recording studios. We are currently reviewing new initiatives of contributing to the community to replace the "Cellcom Volume" initiative.

Throughout the year, our employees volunteer in various activities in the community.

In addition to our contribution to the building up and strengthening of the community, through activities such as our "Cellcom Volume" youth centers, we make financial donations to other worthy causes and entities. In 2015 we donated a total sum of approximately NIS 4.9 million, including our contribution to the community.

We are aware of the importance of environmental protection. Accordingly, while providing quality products and services to our subscribers, we seek to operate responsibly to continuously reduce negative impacts on the environment and the landscape, aiming at a better environmental performance than required by local law. We dedicate personnel, funds and technologies to improve our performance, strive to achieve an efficient deployment of infrastructure subject to the applicable standards, and cooperate with the local authorities. We constantly monitor our environmental performance and aim to reduce our ecological footprint, through activities such as recycling of electronic components and packages,

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reduction of paper usage by managed printing, reduction of pollutants' emissions and energy usage as well as activities aimed at allowing our subscribers to better protect the environment, such as collecting used batteries, sending subscribers their monthly bill for our services and other correspondence from us via e-mail and as of 2014, also by SMS, in lieu of regular mail, transfer to usage of environment friendly raw materials and separation between different types of waste in our repair services and since 2014 are purchasing electricity produced by a private natural gas based power station.

Netvision

General

On August 31, 2011, we completed the acquisition of 100% of the share capital of Netvision through a merger transaction. Netvision was founded as an Israeli company in 1994 and became a public company following its initial public offering on the TASE in 2005. In our description of Netvision's business, the term "Netvision" refers to Netvision and its subsidiaries.

Netvision is a leading company in the Israeli communications market and is engaged in two primary businesses through its wholly-owned subsidiary 013 Netvision Ltd., or 013 Netvision: provision of internet connectivity (ISP) and related services, recently - following the formation of the landline wholesale market – combined with internet infrastructure services; and provision of telephony services consisting mainly of international calling services, operator services, teleconferencing services and landline telephony services. In addition, Netvision is engaged in additional activities such as internet applications, cloud services and data security products.

Internet infrastructure and ISP Business

General

The provision of internet connectivity services is one of Netvision's primary businesses. Netvision is a major provider of internet connectivity services. Prior to the formation of the landline wholesale market, the Israeli internet market was characterized by a separation between the internet infrastructure providers and the internet connectivity service providers. Consequently, the internet customer was required to enter into a contractual arrangement with both of these providers. The infrastructure provider is responsible for the connection of the customer from his computer or other device to the infrastructure provider's operator. The internet service provider is responsible for providing access to the customer from the infrastructure provider's operator, through its own operator, to the local and global internet network. Following the inception of the landline wholesale market, we, Netivsion and other operators provide end-to-end internet service (infrastructure and connectivity), using Bezeq's VDSL infrastructure. The two main internet infrastructure providers having their own landline infrastructure for the private sector in Israel are Bezeq and Hot, both are currently under certain structural separation limitations. Bezeq is also providing internet infrastructure services to operators that do not own their own infrastructure (such as Netvision) under the landline wholesale market, who, in turn, provide this service to the end customer. Netvision's internet infrastructure is currently comprised of connectivity sites in two locations in Israel (Haifa and Petah-Tikvah), which provide Netvision's customers, through overseas connectivity points in London and Frankfurt, with connectivity to the global internet network. This internet infrastructure contains backup capability in order to ensure continuity of service.

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For a details regarding the landline wholesale market see "Business Overview -Competition - Wireline" and "Government Regulation – Landline" above.

Services and Products

Netvision's main service provided to its internet subscribers is internet connectivity service and related services and products, and as of May 2015, also internet infrastructure services bundled with internet connectivity, as well as bundles of its services, including bundling with our services and other companies' products or services.

In addition, Netvision offers its internet subscribers value added services, such as data protection services to its private subscribers and connectivity integration solutions and global communications solutions to its business customers, including firewalls, anti-virus and anti-spam software, overseas internet connectivity services and server hosting services. In addition, Netvision provides ISP services that offer the ability to filter the content viewed by the internet users.

Netvision is constantly considering and evaluating the possibility of introducing additional products and services to its customers.

The Israeli ISP market is characterized by rapid technological changes, both in terms of the bandwidth offered to customers, as well as in terms of expansion of the list of products and services offered.

Suppliers

In the course of engaging in its ISP business, Netvision has entered into agreements with various suppliers, of which the principal agreements are the following:

Netvision has entered into a number of agreements with Mediterranean Nautilus Ltd. and Mediterranean Nautilus (Israel) Ltd., or collectively Med Nautilus, between 2003 and 2015. Med Nautilus is the owner of communications infrastructure which connects the Israeli internet network to the "entry points" of the global internet network via an underwater communications cable (out of three existing cables, one of them is owned by one of Netvision's competitor, Bezeq International). Pursuant to its agreements with Med Nautilus, Netvision purchased rights of use, of certain telecommunications capacities on Med Nautilus' communications cables, as well as maintenance and operation services relating to these cables. Over the last few years Netvision has increased the capacity purchased for significantly lower prices, as well as reduced maintenance costs. The term of the agreement with respect to capacity purchased from Med Nautilus is in effect until May 2032. Netvision has the option to terminate agreements with respect to parts of the capacity in 2022 and 2027. The terms of these agreements may be subject to regulatory intervention – see "- Regulation and Licenses" below.

Netvision has also entered into agreements with Bezeq and Hot, the primary internet infrastructure providers in the Israeli market. Netvision is dependent upon these suppliers since without their infrastructure Netvision would be unable to provide its ISP services to its customers. Due to the increase in customer demand for broadband width in recent years, Netvision is required from time to time to increase the capacity it purchases from Bezeq and Hot. In 2015, we entered into an agreement with Bynat, for the provision of maintenance and proactive malfunction detection and consultant services for Netvision's IP network equipment by Cisco, effective until the end of 2019. In addition, Netvision sells various Cisco products to its customers.

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Netvision uses several supporting systems for the provision of service to its customers, including communications infrastructure by Nortel (see additional details under "Telephony Business – Suppliers" below), customer relations management system by PeopleSoft supported by Amdocs, inventory and suppliers management system by Priority/Eshbel, billing system by CBP supported by Amdocs and by Intec, financial system by Coda and infrastructure integrations system by Microsoft BizTalk. In July 2013, we transferred Netvision's inventory and suppliers management operation to our ERP solutions provided by SAP, supported by Rimini. We are considering the replacement of both our and Netvision's CRM system with one system that shall serve both companies. For details see "Item 4. Information on The Company –B. Business Overview – Network and Technology - Information technology".

Netvision's internet infrastructure service is dependent on Bezeq and in case Netvision purchases such services from Hot, it will be dependent on Hot as well. The terms of the service are mainly set in the landline wholesale market regulation. For additional details see "Government Regulation – Landline".

Sales and Marketing and Customer Care

Netvision conducts its sales and marketing activities in the Internet infrastructure and ISP business through various channels, including media advertising in internet concentrated sales campaigns, telemarketing to potential customers, as well as targeting existing customers by offering them upgrades to existing subscription programs and value added products and services. In addition, Netvision regularly collaborates with other telecommunications providers (including Bezeq and Hot) in order to offer service packages to existing and potential customers and its services are also marketed by Cellcom, including in bundles of services.

Netvision's sales and customer care center is located in Haifa, with additional teams located in our headquarters in Netanya, providing sales services, technical and support services, billing and general information, by specializing representatives as well as installation services provided by technicians teams at the infrastructure customers' premises. In addition, Netvision provides its subscribers and potential subscribers with various self-service channels, such as IVR, web-based services, automatic and live chat and mobile phone application where they can receive general and specific information.

Competition

Internet access is currently provided by three major Internet service providers, or ISPs: Netvision, Bezeq International, Smile Telecom (a subsidiary of Partner), and some other smaller players including Hotnet (a subsidiary of Hot). As of December 31, 2015, Netvision provides ISP services to approximately 685,000 households and we estimate Netvision's market share to be 27%, and Bezeq International and Smile Telecom holding 40% and 24% market share, respectively.

The Israeli ISP market is highly competitive and saturated and is characterized by relatively low entry barriers. Competition among the various players concentrates mainly on the ability to offer high-speeds of internet connection and on pricing. Although the provision of ISP services requires obtaining a license from the Ministry of Communications, the Ministry's policy is liberal in granting ISP licenses (and more recently unified licenses, which allow the provision of ISP services to any holder of such license, subject to the inclusion of

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an ISP appendix). As a result, as of the date of this report, there are a few dozen holders of ISP licenses (or unified license allowing the provision of ISP services) in Israel, though most of them do not hold significant market shares. Entry into the ISP market requires, however, incurring substantial penetration costs associated with the formation of ISP infrastructure, support systems, customer care systems and marketing channels. Due to such penetration and the other ongoing costs of operating ISP service, profitability in the ISP market usually requires creation of a broad customer base and the ability to sell added value products and high speed packages to the customers.

The key success factors in the ISP market are the services included in the bundle, competitive pricing, brand recognition and reputation, advanced and updated technological capabilities, available bandwidth, high levels of customer care service, the ability to constantly develop innovative products and services and complementary products and services, and achieving and maintaining customer loyalty.

Although both Bezeq and Hot are under structural limitations, they are allowed to offer bundles of services, under certain limitations, including that some of the services in the Bezeq bundle would be available for sale separately under the same terms as in the bundle, and the requirement that Bezeq allows its competitors to participate in a similar bundle (if it includes ISP, VOB or ILD services) under the same terms and equally markets such bundles as its own bundle (though the second requirement does not apply to the sale of the bundle by a subsidiary of Bezeq). The same limitations apply to Hot in the case of bundles that include ISP services, with respect to the ISP service component of the bundle. The entry of Hot (through its subsidiary Hotnet) into the ISP market at tariffs significantly lower than market prices in 2012, the subsequent entry of cellular operators into that market in 2013, the offering of bundles of services and the aggressive campaigns of both Bezeq and Hot offering substantially higher bandwidth for lower tariffs to end-users, resulted in substantial decrease in ISP service prices and led to increased demand for greater bandwidth, which required Netvision to increase the capacity it purchases from Bezeq and Hot. Further, the offering of bundles of internet infrastructure and ISP using the wholesale market increased the competition in this field, resulting in loss of ISP customers to Netvision. If competition remains at current levels and the regulatory environment remains unchanged, this trend is expected to continue to have a material adverse effect on Netvision's results of operations.

In 2011 and 2012, two additional underwater cables that serve as an alternative to Med Nautilus were deployed. In addition, proposed regulation published for public comments by the Ministry of Communications in 2011, proposed certain limitations on the terms of agreements with Med Nautilus, which would, among other things, limit the discounts and capacity Med Nautilus may provide. The deployment of additional underwater cables improved the competition in the ISP market, as ISP providers were able to find alternatives to Med Nautilus, which led to a substantial decrease in the pricing of the global internet connectivity services provided to Israeli ISP providers. In addition, should the IBC infrastructure be available (which currently cannot be assured), this would improve Netvision's competitiveness in the ISP and landline markets as this is likely to reduce its dependency on Bezeq and Hot as internet infrastructure providers.

For details regarding the internet infrastructure service market, see "Business Overview -Competition - Wireline".

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For additional details see "Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors – - Risks Related to our Business – We face intense competition in all aspects of our business" and " Business Overview – Competition" above.

Regulation and Licenses

A major part of Netvision's ISP operations is subject to regulation by the Israeli Ministry of Communications pursuant to the Communications Law, including through its unified license.

The provision of ISP and related services requires a license. Netvision was granted three ISP licenses, one to its wholly-owned subsidiary 013 Netvision, one to its controlled subsidiary Internet Rimon, and third was granted to 013 Netvision by the Israeli Civil Administration in Judea and Samaria in respect of this territory. The license granted to 013 Netvision was replaced in February 2016 with a unified license. The licenses are valid through February 2022, November 2017 and July 2016, respectively.

Under its ISP license, Netvision (Rimon) is required to maintain a minimum standard of customer service and is prohibited from conditioning the use of its services by the customer on the customers being connected to a portal designated by it. Netvision is also required to inform its customers regarding the main features of the service provided, including commencement date of service, the consideration paid by the customer, the minimal surfing speed it is solely responsible for (if it publishes the maximum speed), quality standards, and maintenance details, and details about the possibility of email address portability, and is required to use a specific format for Netvision's agreement with its customers; to obtain an explicit request from its subscribers to purchase services as a precondition to providing and charging for such services; to maintain a specific form of evidence of customers' request to purchase its services as a precondition to charging its customers for those services, provide notifications regarding the services ordered and the procedures for handling subscribers' objections as to billing and repayment of overcharged sums.

Under its ISP licenses, Netvision may not transfer any means of control or any of its licenses-related assets without the prior written approval of the Ministry of Communications. The license may be terminated in case that Netvision fails to provide information or provides false information or in case it is engaged in anticompetitive practices in the communications market, subject to certain terms. The licensee is required to provide the Ministry of Communications with certain reports and is required to cooperate with the supervisory bodies of the Ministry of Communications.

For additional details regarding the unified license which may facilitate the entry of additional players into the ISP market, see "-Government Regulations - Unified license" above.

Further intervention by the Ministry of Communications in the ISP market, including by means of granting additional licenses allowing the provision of such services and setting their terms and conditions, change or annulment of the structural separation currently in place for the Bezeq and Hot groups, permitting the bundling of certain services without restrictions and intervening in the purchasing of global internet connectivity, could have a material adverse effect on Netvision's ISP business.

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Telephony Business

General

The provision of telephony services is one of Netvision's primary businesses. Netvision's services in its telephony business consist mainly of the following:

provision of international calling services, or ILD services;

provision of landline telephony services, including teleconferencing services; and

sales of IP switchboard services and operation and management of business telecommunications systems.

ILD services enable an end user (whether in Israel or overseas) to conduct a telephone conversation with an end user located elsewhere in the world. These include calls (including cellular calls) from Israel to various destinations abroad as well as call (including cellular call) completion services to overseas operators transferring a call to Israel; transferring international calls between operators and signaling services to local and foreign cellular operators to allow roaming.

Netvision is one of the major players in the Israeli ILD market. In recent years, the ILD market has substantially decreased and is expected to continue to diminish, due to increased usage of substitute solutions, including voice over IP technologies offered by companies such as Skype, usage of local cellular services and increased usage of data in lieu of voice communication. Together with the offering of ILD services for no additional cost in bundles of cellular and landline telephony services, this has resulted in a continual decline in revenues from traditional ILD services.

Landline telephony service enables an end user to conduct a telephone conversation with another end user who uses either another landline or a cellular telephone or computer, either in Israel or overseas.

Services and Products

Netvision's principal service in the ILD market is the provision of outgoing and incoming telephone calls to and from substantially worldwide coverage. Netvision provides these services mostly to post-paid customers, but also to pre-paid customers mainly through the sale of calling cards. Most of the customers of the pre-paid services are foreign workers who work in Israel. In addition, Netvision provides "Hubbing" services to non-Israeli international operators. Hubbing services are bridging services between two non-Israeli international operators. Such services are provided by Netvision where there is no direct connection between two non-Israeli international operators or where pricing differences in different locations make such bridging service desirable. The hubbing service market has been growing in the past few years because of the development of the international dialing market and because of the development of the corresponding arbitrage market on which various international operators trade international dialing capacities. In addition, Netvision provides "signaling" services to cellular operators who use roaming services. A cellular handset located out of its home network needs to "signal" its location to the hosting network in order to enable the cellular subscriber to have roaming services. Netvision provides these

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services to certain cellular operators in Israel (including us), as well as to foreign cellular operators with respect to their customers when they visit Israel.

Netvision's principal service in the wireline market is the provision of basic landline telephony services (to private customers by VOB technology). Netvision offers these services to both business and private customers. In addition, Netvision offers IP switchboard services and operation and management of business telecommunications systems. Netvision's ILD and landline services are also bundled with cellular services offered by Cellcom and following the inception of the landline wholesale market, Netvision's landline telephony (VOB) is also offered by Cellcom in its triple play package of internet infrastructure and ISP service, landline telephony service and TV service). For additional details see "Business Overview - Competition".

Suppliers

Netvision's principal suppliers in the telephony market are the following: Bezeq, Hot and cellular operators. Under the Communications Law and licenses, all operators are required to interconnect their network to other public communications networks in Israel, on equal terms and without discrimination in respect of other operators. Netvision has entered into interconnect agreements with Bezeq, Hot and the cellular operators, for facilitating international traffic between Netvision's network and the other networks, as well as for billing and collection services for Netvision services, for certain customers. Netvision's traffic requires interconnections with these operators and is dependent on their availability and quality.

Most of the international dialing traffic between Israel and the rest of the world is conducted through the underwater communications cable of Med Nautilus. For further details on the agreements between Netvision and Med Nautilus, see "Netvision - Internet infrastructure and ISP Business - Suppliers" above.

Netvision has also entered into agreements with more than 100 foreign carriers. These agreements regulate and facilitate the ILD services of Netvision, as well as its international voice hubbing services.

Netvision entered into an agreement with Nortel Networks Israel (Sales and Marketing) Ltd., or Nortel, in June 2004, for the provision of Netvision's international communications switch, on which Netvision bases its ability to provide international calling service, as well as related equipment and services. From 2010, Geneband Inc. (which acquired Nortel's relevant business) provides Netvision with support and maintenance services for the equipment provided under this agreement.

Netvision has entered into an agreement with ECI Telecom Ltd. for the provision of transmission switches by ECI Telecom among the various location sites of Netvision in Israel and overseas, used for its ISP and ILD operations.

Sales and Marketing and Customer Care

The sale and marketing of Netvision's telephony products and services is conducted mainly through direct means such as telemarketing, mail and email campaigns. In addition, Netvision offers its telephony products and services on a non-exclusive basis through our

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bundles and triple play package, various retailers, through outsourced telemarketing centers and through distributors.

Netvision's customer care centers and self-service channels provide its telephony services customers the same range of services provided to its ISP customers.

Competition

The Israeli ILD market is highly competitive, and the competition in the market is based mainly on the operator's ability to offer attractive pricing. The price of an international call is also influenced by the call completion tariff paid to the operator in the call's destination country and increased competition in the destination country leads to a decrease in tariffs for calls to those destinations and thus an increase in the quantity of minutes made to those destinations.

Netvision commenced its landline telephony services in 2008 using Voice Over Broadband, or VOB, technology, and since then expanded this business. Netvision's penetration into the landline telephony business is an important element in our ability to offer comprehensive service packages to its and our subscribers. In case landline telephony is effectively included in the landline wholesale market, we may also offer wholesale landline home telephony services to private customers.

Regulatory changes in the telephony market such as the inclusion of ILD services in unlimited bundles offered by cellular and landline operators, have increased competition further. The adoption of proposed changes to ILD regulation, which includes the provision of ILD services by landline operators and cellular operators themselves and not through a separate company, as required today would increase the competition in the ILD market and may adversely affect Netvision's results of operations. See "-Regulation and Licenses" below.

The key success factors in the telephony market are the services included in the bundle, competitive pricing, which are updated constantly, brand recognition and reputation, advanced and updated technological capabilities, reliable network and high levels of maintenance, quality of human resources including customer care services, and the ability to develop comprehensive products and services packages, to build a substantial customer base, to enhance customers' loyalty and the ability to face competition. In addition, the ability to develop strong strategic relations with foreign international carriers and continuous agreements with them are also key elements in the ILD market.

In recent years, the use of alternative telecommunications technologies such as voice-over-IP has resulted in downsizing of the telephony market, especially the ILD services revenues. This trend is expected to continue in the future at a more moderate pace.

Netvision is a major service provider in the Israeli ILD market. As of the date of this report, there are several ILD operators in the Israeli market. Netvision's main competitors in this market are Bezeq (through its wholly-owned subsidiary Bezeq International) and Partner (through its wholly-owned subsidiary Smile Telecom). Additional competitors include Xfone Communications Ltd., Telzar International Communications Services Ltd., Rami Levy, Golan and Hot, through wholly-owned subsidiaries or affiliates. At the end of September 2015, Netvision's market share in the ILD market is estimated to be approximately 20%, and Bezeq International, Smile Telecom and Hot holding 35%, 24% and 12% market share, respectively.

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Netvision estimates that its current market share in the Israeli landline telephony market is not material, with approximately 138,000 households subscribed to the services as of December 31, 2015. Netvision's main competitors in the landline telephony market are Bezeq and Hot, as well as Partner (through Smile Telecom) and Bezeq International. To our knowledge, Bezeq remains a monopoly in the landline market.

A wholesale landline telephony services market and the IBC's infrastructure, if and when made effectively available, will enhance Netvision's ability to compete and allow us and Netvision (as well as our competitors) to provide a wider selection of services at competitive prices, specifically in relation to residential landline services which is currently immaterial. Any changes to the structural separation limitations in the Bezeq and Hot groups and the supervision on Bezeq tariffs, or anti-competitive behavior if not prevented by the regulators, however, could adversely affect Netvision's ability to compete with Bezeq and Hot in general, and in the landline market in particular and may have a material adverse effect on Netvision's results of operation. Competition may intensify if additional competitors enter the market following the establishment of an efficient landline wholesale services market.

See also "Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors - Risks Related to our Business – We face intense competition in all aspects of our business" and "Item 4. Information on the Company –Competition - Wireline" and "-Government Regulations – Landline".

Regulation and Licenses

Netvision's operations in the telephony business are subject to regulation, mostly pursuant to the provisions of the Communications Law and the regulations promulgated thereafter, the Communications Regulations (Telecommunications and Broadcasting) (Procedures and Conditions for the Receipt of General Unified License) – 2010, or the Regulations and to the provisions of its Unified licenses, with respect to its ILD landline telephony businesses,and 'network end point' service.

Netvision's unified licenses are held by two of its wholly-owned subsidiaries - 013 Netvision and Veidan Teleconferencing Solutions LP, or Veidan, and expire on May 2025 and March 2026, respectively. Each of 013 Netvision and Veidan deposited a bank guarantee in the amount of NIS 5 million with the Ministry of Communications upon receiving the license. See "Business Overview - Government Regulations – Other Licenses – Unified License" above for additional details.

In October 2013, the Ministry of Communications published a hearing regarding a change to the ILD services regulation, which proposes, among other things: to annul the current limitation preventing landline and cellular operators from providing ILD services themselves (rather than through a separate corporation), which if adopted and applied to the Bezeq and Hot groups as well, would result in the annulment of the structural limitations currently imposed on them, in relation to the ILD services; that holders of a special license for the provision of ILD services will not be obligated to provide service to anyone so requesting nor to all the countries in the world; and to annul the restrictions on the cooperation between cellular and ILD operators in relation to prepaid calling cards. In February 2015, a second hearing proposing certain alternatives to the abovementioned proposed changes, to be applied to the Bezeq and Hot groups during an interim period ending upon annulment of structural separation, was published. The adoption of such changes would

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increase the competition in the ILD market even further and may adversely affect Netvision's results of operations.

In addition to its principal unified licenses, Netvision (through its wholly-owned limited partnership Veidan and wholly-owned subsidiary 013 Netvision) received from the Israeli Civil Administration in Judea and Samaria licenses for the provision of landline ILD and 'network end point' services to the Israeli-populated areas in Judea and Samaria, effective until October 2017, August 2018 and July 2017, respectively. The provisions of the principal licenses described above, generally also apply to those licenses, subject to certain modifications

Under its unified licenses, Netvision (through its wholly-owned subsidiary 013 Netvision) may also provide 'network end point' service, i.e., mainly the installation and maintenance of telecommunications equipment at a customer's premises or the licensee's premises, which include telephones, switchboards, telephony cables and related equipment as well as enables Netvision to connect a customer premises, through other license holders, to the public landline network.

In addition, as a service provider, Netvision is subject, like us, to the general legislation governing relations between vendors and consumers, including the Consumer Protection Law, 1981.

In August 2011, the Communications Law was amended pursuant to which the Early Termination Fees in the ILD and in the landline telephony market were annulled, which led to an increase in competition, churn rates and rate of gross recruitment of subscribers and price erosion.

For details of the landline wholesale market and its possible effects see "Competition - Wireline" above and "Item 4. Information on the Company –Competition - Wireline" and "-Government Regulations – Landline".

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

The IDB Group

Our largest shareholder, DIC, is a majority-owned subsidiary of IDB Development Corporation Ltd., or IDB, one of Israel’s largest business groups. IDB and DIC are public Israeli companies traded on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange. See "Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors - We are a member of the IDB group of companies, a large and highly regulated Israeli business groups, which may limit our ability to expand our business, to acquire other businesses or raise debt. The effects on us of IDB's financial condition are unclear" for details regarding IDB's financial situation and the footnote to the table under "Item 7.A – Major Shareholders" for information on the holdings in IDB.

Netvision and 013 Netvision, our wholly-owned subsidiary and wholly-owned indirect company, respectively, incorporated in Israel, are our only significant subsidiaries.

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

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Headquarters

In August 2003, we entered into a long-term agreement for the lease of our headquarters in Netanya, Israel. The leased property covers approximately 57,800 square meters, of which approximately 26,000 square meters consist of underground parking lots. The lease is in effect until December, 2022 and is renewable for two additional periods of five years each, upon our notice. In 2015, we sublet a portion of our headquarters to several lessees for a period of up to five years, following the reduction in headcount in our headquarters. The lessees have options to renew the lease for additional periods.

Central Laboratory

In October 2010, we entered into a long-term agreement for the enlargement of our techno-logistic center, including our new central laboratory, in Netanya, Israel, and the lease thereof. The leased property covers approximately 11,000 square meters. The lease is for a term of ten years from August 2011 and is renewable for an additional period of 5 years, at our option. In case we do not exercise the option we shall be required to pay approximately NIS 11 million. In January 2015, we sublet approximately 1,100 square meters of the leased property, for a period of five years. The lessee has an option to renew the lease for an additional period subject to the renewal of our lease.

Netvision Properties

Netvision leases two main properties in Israel: one in Haifa and the other in Rosh-Ha'ayin. Netvision uses these properties for its offices, for its call centers, and for its network servers, as well as for equipment storage and until December 2011, has used them as headquarters as well. The Haifa lease covers approximately 8,900 square meters, is in effect until December 2019, may be terminated by Netvision in December 2018 subject to prior notice, and is renewable for three additional periods of two years each, upon Netvision's notice. The Rosh-Ha'ayin lease covers approximately 3,300 square meters, is in effect until December 2017 and is renewable for five additional periods of two years each, upon Netvision's notice. Netvision sublets part of the property in Rosh-Ha'ayin to our wholly-owned dealer and another subsidiary.

Electricity

In December 2010, we entered into an agreement with Ashdod Energy Ltd. (subsequently assigned to Ramat Negev Energy Ltd.), which constructed a private power plant fueled by natural gas in Israel and commenced purchasing a portion of our electricity from it in 2014. Under the agreement as amended in July 2012, we committed to purchase electricity for the earlier of a period of 15 years from commencement of operations of the power plant or until January 2028, subject to our right to terminate the agreement after six years from the commencement of operations of the power plant under certain conditions.

Service Centers, Points of Sale and Cell Sites

As of December 31, 2015, we leased 78 service centers, points of sale and other facilities (including those operated by our wholly-owned dealer), which are used for marketing, sales and customer service. Lease agreements for our retail stores and service centers are generally for periods of two to three years, with extension options that vary by location.

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In addition, we lease from various parties, including the Israeli Land Authority, or ILA, municipalities and private entities sites for the establishment, maintenance and operation of cell sites for our cellular network. The duration of these lease agreements varies and ranges, in most cases, from two to five years, with an option to extend the lease for successive similar periods. The lease agreements also differ from each other in aspects such as payment terms and exit windows that enable us to terminate the agreement prior to its scheduled expiration. In some of the agreements, the lessor is entitled to terminate the agreement at any time without cause, subject to prior notice. Based on our past experience, we encounter difficulties in extending the term of approximately 7% of the lease agreements for cell sites, which at times results in our having to pay higher rent in order to remain in the same locations or to find alternative sites.

In addition, Netvision leases a number of points of presence in Israel that are used for equipment and servers storage and storage of operators and other communications equipment for the provision of landline services, and leases storage space for its servers and equipment in New York City, London and Frankfurt.

Authorization Agreement with Land Regulatory Authorities

In June 2013, we renewed an authorization agreement with the ILA (which manages the lands of the Development Authority and the Jewish National Fund) that authorizes us to use lands managed by the ILA for the establishment and operation of cell sites. The authorization agreement is effective until 2019.

The authorization agreement provides that subject to the receipt of approval from the ILA, we will be entitled to establish and operate cell sites on the lands leased to third parties throughout the agreement’s term. In connection with the authorization agreement we undertook to vacate at the end of the agreement’s term all facilities installed in the authorized area unless the authorization period is extended.

Under the authorization agreement, the ILA is entitled to revoke authorizations granted to us in the event of changes in the designation of the land on which a cell site was erected, in the event that we violate a fundamental condition of the authorization agreement, in the event that the holders of rights in the properties on which we erected cell sites breach the agreements between them and the ILA and in the event that the land on which a cell site was erected is required for public use.

ITEM 4A. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

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ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

The following operating and financial review and prospects should be read in conjunction with "Item 3. Key Information – A. Selected Financial Data" and our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes appearing elsewhere in this annual report. Our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, or IFRS, which differ in certain respects from U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, or U.S. GAAP. Following our adoption of IFRS, as issued by the IASB, we are no longer required to reconcile our financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS to U.S. GAAP.

This discussion contains forward-looking statements. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of many important factors, including those set forth under "Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors" and elsewhere in this annual report.

A. OPERATING RESULTS

Overview

General

We are the largest provider of cellular communications services in Israel with approximately 2.835 million cellular subscribers as of December 31, 2015, with an estimated market share of 27%, as well as a major ISP and ILD services supplier, through our wholly owned subsidiary – Netvision. In 2015 we have also entered the TV market and the internet infrastructure market (through the recently launched landline wholesale market).

Since 2012, our results of operations have been materially adversely affected by regulatory changes, which have also facilitated the entry of additional competitors, a dramatically increased competition (as a result of which our churn rate in the cellular field reached 42% in 2015) and continued price erosion, resulting in a decrease in our EBITDA for 2013, 2014 and 2015 by 23.8%, 4.0% and 32% respectively, in comparison to the previous year. The high level of competition is expected to continue to further adversely affect our results of operations in 2016. Competition may increase further if current trends continue, if the agreement for the purchase of Golan by us is not approved by the regulators, if the landline wholesale market, launched in 2015, is ineffective, if the structural separation imposed on the Bezeq and Hot groups is annulled or further relaxed, or if new competitors enter the communications markets. During that period, we have continually implemented aggressive efficiency measures in order to mitigate those adverse effects, which, in 2014 and 2015, included voluntary retirement plans for employees, in which approximately 380 and 330, respectively, employees have retired and we have recorded expenses in the amount of NIS 39 million and NIS 25 million, respectively, for the cost of these plans. We intend to continue to implement changes in order to continue our efforts to mitigate the adverse effects of the increased competition in all areas in which we operate. We cannot guarantee the success of these measures. Moreover, unionization of our employees may impede the execution of such measures. See "Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors – Risks Related to our Business - We face intense competition in all aspects of our business" and "Item 4. Information on the Company - B. Business Overview – Competition" for additional details.

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We earn revenues and generate our primary sources of cash by offering a broad range of communications services, including cellular, ISP, ILD , landline services and OTT TV services. Our cellular services include basic cellular telephone services and data transfer, download and upload, as well as text and multimedia messaging services and advanced cellular content services, which we provide through our 2G and 3G network covering substantially all of the populated territory of Israel and our 4G network launched in 2014. We also provide international roaming services to our subscribers in 181 countries as of December 31, 2015 as well as to subscribers of foreign networks visiting Israel. We offer our subscribers a wide selection of handsets of various leading global manufacturers as well as extended warranty services on most handsets we offer. We have an advanced fiber-optic transmission infrastructure of approximately 1,780 kilometers. Together with our complementary microwave-based infrastructure, our fiber-optic infrastructure connects the majority of our cell sites with the remainder connected using supplemental transmission capacity leased from Bezeq, the incumbent landline operator and Hot. Having our own transmission network enables us to save substantial operating cash lease costs that would be associated with complete reliance on Bezeq’s infrastructure, although these savings are partially offset by maintenance costs and microwave spectrum fees. It also allows us to sell transmission and data services to business customers and telecommunications operators. We provide advanced landline services, to selected landline business customers. Since December 2014 we also offer OTT TV services. In addition, following the acquisition of Netvision in 2011, we provide internet connectivity and related services (ISP) and landline telephony services consisting mainly of international calling services (ILD), operator services, teleconferencing services and landline telephony services. Since May 2015 we and Netvision also offer internet infrastructure services (through the landline wholesale market). We sell our various services on a stand-alone basis or bundled with certain other services offered by Netvision and us which as of May 2015 also included triple play bundles of internet infrastructure and ISP, landline telephony and TV services. Entering a new and penetrated market will require substantial investment and additional operating expenses.

Our management evaluates our performance through focusing on our key performance indicators, which include among others: average revenue per user of cellular and landline subscribers, or ARPU, EBITDA (as defined in "Results of Operations"), EBITDA as percentage of revenues, operating income, net income cash flow, number of cellular, landline ISP, internet infrastructure and OTT TV subscribers (both standalone and as a part of a bundle or triple play package), subscriber churn rate, handset sales and profitability and Net Promoter Score, or NPS, (indicating our subscribers’ satisfaction with our services). These key performance indicators are primarily affected by the competitive and regulatory landscape in which we operate and our ability to adapt to the challenges posed.

In November 2015, we entered an agreement with Golan and its shareholders for the purchase of 100% of the shares of Golan, for the sum of NIS 1.17 billion. The purchase agreement also includes the terms under which Golan shall continue to purchase national roaming services from us and the parties' agreements in relation to Golan's debt to us regarding the difference between the sum Golan has been paying us and the sum it is required to pay us under the national roaming services agreement for services provided until the end of 2015. The consummation of the purchase agreement is subject to the receipt of regulatory approvals. The purchase of Golan is another step in turning us into a leading telecommunication group that provides high value at low prices to the Israeli consumer and we expect that it will, if approved by the regulators and consummated, among other benefits, increase our cellular subscriber market share and our revenues, provide us with opportunities

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to offer our other services and products to Golan's subscribers and provide opportunities for cost synergies. There is no assurance that the purchase agreement shall be approved by the Israeli regulators, which we estimate to be challenging, specifically in light of the strong opposition, led by the Ministry of Treasury, nor as to the consummation of the transaction. If the agreement for the purchase of Golan by us is not approved by the regulators and if we cannot maintain the national roaming revenues we currently enjoy or an equivalent compensation it may adversely affect our revenues and may cause difficulties in the collection of Golan's debt to us. For additional details see "Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors – Risks Related to the Proposed acquisition of Golan Telecom Ltd." and "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview –– Agreement for the Purchase of Golan".

In February 2015, we entered a collective employment agreement with the Company's employees' representatives and the Histadrut for a term of three years (2015-2017). The estimated cost of the agreement over its term is expected to be approximately NIS 200 million, before tax, based on our forecasts (including approximately NIS 30 million in one time payments paid in the first quarter of 2015). In January 2016, the Histradrut announced a labor dispute in the Company with respect to outsourcing and other employment issues.

The Israeli telecommunications market is currently dominated by four communications groups: Bezeq, Hot, Partner-012 Smile and Cellcom–Netvision, with the first two having a full landline infrastructure. While an effective wholesale landline market (launched in 2015) will enhance our ability to compete and extend our service offering, the possible annulment of structural separation and Bezeq's tariffs supervision or other favorable regulatory changes relating to the Bezeq and Hot groups, may have a material adverse effect on our competitive capabilities and results of operation.

We intend to drive revenue primarily by: maximizing the benefits of our position as a leading Israeli telecommunications group, offering our customers full and comprehensive mobile and wireline solutions and bundles of services (including triple play) and enhancing our competitive capabilities; retaining our existing subscribers; offering new services that are synergetic to our core businesses; growing wireline service revenues; and attracting new subscribers. We intend to continue our efforts to optimize our costs by implementing further efficiency measures, reducing our expenses and adjusting our operations to the changing market conditions, but cannot guarantee the success of these measures.

The communications market and specifically the cellular industry are primarily regulated by the Ministry of Communications. Regulatory changes have had material adverse effects on our results of operations in recent years. See "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview - Government Regulations." While our pricing is not generally regulated, certain of our rates and pricing mechanisms are subject to regulation. See "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Government Regulations – Tariff Supervision."

The construction and operation of our cell sites and other transmission facilities are highly regulated and require us to obtain various consents and permits. See "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview - Government Regulations—Permits for Cell Site Construction." We have experienced difficulties in obtaining some of these consents and permits and our ability to rely on an exemption from obtaining a building permit was severely limited. Also, we may be operating a significant number of our cell sites in a manner not fully compatible with the building permits issued for them. We do not expect that

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the demolition of the facilities currently facing a demolition order would have a material impact on our results of operations and financial condition. Additional restrictions on the construction and operation of cell sites and other facilities may be enacted or we may be required to demolish or relocate these cell sites and facilities, which may adversely affect our existing networks and networks build out, specifically in urban areas, may prevent us from meeting our license requirements and could adversely affect our results of operations.

In 2013, 2014 and 2015, we entered network and cell site co-operation and sharing agreements with Pelephone and Golan, respectively. Our cell site co-operation agreement with Pelephone was approved by the Israeli Antitrust Commissioner, however, we have been unable to progress in the execution of the co-operation agreement with Pelephone and we can provide no assurance that such co-operation will occur in the future. Our sharing agreement with Golan did not receive approval by the regulators and was voided in our agreement to purchase Golan, described above. For additional details see "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Network and Technology - Cell Sites Sharing Agreement".

Our profitability is also affected by other factors, including changes in our cost of revenues and selling, marketing, general and administrative expenses, including depreciation and financing expenses.

Our results are also impacted by currency fluctuations. While substantially all of our revenues are denominated in NIS, for 2015, approximately20 % of cash outflow was denominated in, or linked to, other currencies, mainly U.S. dollars. Changes to the Israeli CPI, may also impact our results as our debentures (excluding Series E, G and I) and some of our expenses are linked to the Israeli CPI. Any devaluation of the NIS against the U.S. dollar or other foreign currencies will therefore increase the NIS cost of our expenses that are not denominated in NIS or are linked to those currencies and any increase in the Israeli CPI will increase the financial expenses associated with our debentures. We enter into derivative instruments to mitigate the effect of the various market risks associated with these expenses. See "Item 11 - Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk."

Further, we have incurred significant debt by issuing debentures, the aggregate outstanding principal amount of which as of December 31, 2015 was NIS 3,788 million. See "- Liquidity and Capital Resources- Debt Service". For details regarding our deferred loan agreements see "- Liquidity and Capital Resources- Other Credit Facilities"

In February 2006, our Board of Directors adopted a policy to distribute each year at least 75% of our annual net income. In March 2007, our Board resolved to distribute dividends within the boundaries of the February 2006 dividend policy and until resolved otherwise, on a quarterly basis. In respect of 2015, our board of directors chose not to declare dividends given the intensified competition and its adverse effect on our results of operations and in order to strengthen our balance sheet. We undertook limitations on our dividend distributions in connection to the issuance of our F through I debentures and other credit facilities. See "Item 8. Financial Information – A. Statements and Other Financial Information - Dividend Policy" and "— B. Liquidity and Capital Resources—Dividend payments" and "- Debt Service" and "- Other Credit Facilities".

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Revenues

We derive our revenues primarily from the sale of cellular network services (such as airtime and data surfing), handsets and other services, including content and value added services, repair services, and roaming services. Roaming services include roaming charges that we bill to our subscribers for the use of the networks of our roaming partners outside Israel, to which we refer as outbound roaming, and charges that we bill to our roaming partners whose subscribers use our network, to which we refer as inbound roaming. Revenues from airtime are derived from cellular subscribers originating calls on our network and from interconnect revenues from other operators for calls terminating on our network. Since the second quarter of 2012 we also derive our revenues from hosting services.

Our revenues also derive from the sale of landline communications services which include: internet connectivity and related services (ISP) and internet infrastructure services (through the landline wholesale market, since February 2015), OTT TV services (since December 2014), transmission services, telephony services consisting of international calling services (ILD) and landline telephony services, operator services and teleconferencing services.

Our revenues from cellular services are usually affected by seasonality with the third quarter of the year characterized by higher roaming revenues due to increased incoming and outgoing tourism.

Cost of revenues

The principal components of our cost of revenues are the purchase of handsets, accessories, equipment and spare parts, interconnection fees, content cost, cell site leasing costs, transmission services cost, internet connectivity services cost, the purchase of call minutes related mainly to international calling services, outbound roaming services fees, salaries and network development and maintenance and cost of Internet infrastructure. Our cost of revenues also includes depreciation of the cost of our network equipment and amortization of our spectrum licenses, rights of use of communications lines. See "-Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates Long-lived assets - depreciation."

Selling and marketing expenses

Selling and marketing expenses consist primarily of sales force salaries and commissions, advertising, public relations and promotional expenses. We compensate our sales force through salaries and incentives. Our selling and marketing expenses also include depreciation, mainly of leasehold improvements and equipment in our service centers and points of sales, and amortization of intangible assets related to the acquisition of subsidiaries.

General and administrative expenses

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and compensation, professional and consultancy fees, leases and maintenance of our offices, bad debt and doubtful accounts allowance, and other administrative expenses. Our general and administrative expenses also include depreciation and maintenance fees, mainly for our billing and information systems.

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Other income and expenses

Other income and expenses consist primarily of expenses related to employee retirement plan (in 2014, and 2015) and capital gains or losses from sale of property, plant and equipment.

Financing income and expenses

Financing income and expenses consist primarily of interest expense on long-term loans and interest on our debentures, the interest income component of handset long-term installment sales, the effects of fluctuations in currency exchange rates, Israeli CPI adjustments related to the Israeli CPI-linked debentures and other expenses, and income or losses relating to financial derivative instruments that do not qualify for hedge accounting according to IFRS. Financing income and expenses also include interest income on deposits, premium amortization associated with our debentures, and gains and losses from our current investment in tradable securities.

Income Tax

Generally, Israeli companies were subject to corporate tax on their taxable income at the rate of 25% for 2013 tax years, 26.5% for the 2014 and 2015 tax years and will be subject to a corporate tax rate of 25% for the 2016 tax year and onward.

Israeli companies are subject to capital gains tax at the corporate tax rate. A deferred tax asset or liability is created for temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes.

Results of Operations - Comparison of 2013, 2014 and 2015

The following table sets forth key performance indicators for the periods indicated:

	Year Ended December 31,									Change*
	2013			2014			2015			2014 vs. 2013			2015 vs. 2014
Subscribers at end of period(1) (in thousands)		3,092			2,967			2,835			(4	%)		(4.4	%)
Churn rate of cellular subscribers(1)(2)		36.8	%		44	%		42	%		7.2	pp		2	pp
Average monthly revenue per subscriber (ARPU) (1)(3) (in NIS)		78			72			65			(7.7	%)		(9.7	%)
Operating income (in NIS millions)		651			662			310			1.7	%		(53.2	%)
Net income (in NIS millions)		288			354			97			22.9	%		(72.6	%)
EBITDA(4) (in NIS millions)		1,335			1,282			872			(4	%)		(32.0	%)
Operating income margin(5)		13.2	%		14.5	%		7.4	%		1.3	pp		(7.1	pp)
EBITDA margin(6)		27.1	%		28.1	%		20.9	%		0.9	pp		(7.2	pp)

pp denotes percentage points and this measure of change is calculated by subtracting the 2013 measure from the 2014 measure and the 2015 measure from the 2014 measure, respectively.

(1)

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(2)

Churn rate is defined as the total number of voluntary and involuntary permanent deactivations of cellular subscribers in a given period expressed as a percentage of the number of cellular subscribers at the beginning of such period. Involuntary permanent deactivations relate to cellular subscribers who have failed to pay their arrears for the period of six consecutive months. Voluntary permanent deactivations relate to cellular subscribers who terminated their use of our services. Churn rate data is excluding the above mentioned removals of subscribers.

(3)

Average monthly revenue per cellular subscriber (ARPU) is calculated by dividing revenues from cellular services for the period by the average number of cellular subscribers during the period and by dividing the result by the number of months in the period. Revenues from inbound roaming services and hosting services are included even though the number of subscribers in the equation does not include the users of those roaming and hosting services. Inbound roaming services and hosting services are included because ARPU is meant to capture all service revenues generated by a cellular network. Revenues from sales of Subscription Repair Services are included because they represent recurring revenues generated by subscribers, but revenues from sales of handsets (which for purposes of this report may include other types of cellular end user equipment, such as tablets), Random Repair Services, and other services are not. We and industry analysts, treat ARPU as a key performance indicator of a cellular operator because it is the closest meaningful measure of the contribution to service revenues made by an average subscriber.

We have set out below the calculation of cellular ARPU for each of the periods presented:

	Year Ended December 31,
	2013		2014		2015
	(In NIS millions, except number of subscribers and months)

Revenues		4,927		4,570		4,180
less revenues from equipment sales		942		1,005		1,048
less other revenues*		1,034		941		869

Revenues used in ARPU calculation (in NIS millions)		2,951		2,624		2,263
Average number of subscribers		3,135,857		3,034,946		2,898,987
Months during period		12		12		12
ARPU (in NIS, per month)		78		72		65

Other revenues include revenues from other communications services such as ISP, transmission services and local and international landline services.

(4)

EBITDA is a non-IFRS measure and is defined as income before financing income (expenses), net; other income (expenses), net; (excluding expense related to employee retirement plans) income tax; depreciation and amortization; and share based payments. We present EBITDA as a supplemental performance measure because we believe that it facilitates operating performance comparisons from period to period and company to company by backing out potential differences caused by variations in capital structure (most particularly affecting our interest expense given our significant debt), tax positions (such as the impact on periods or companies of changes in effective tax rates or net operating losses) and the age of, and depreciation expenses associated with fixed assets. EBITDA should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for operating income or other statement of operations or cash flow data prepared in accordance with IFRS as a measure of our profitability or liquidity. EBITDA does not take into account our debt service requirements and other commitments, including capital expenditures, and, accordingly, is not necessarily indicative of amounts that may be available for discretionary uses. In addition, EBITDA, as presented in this annual report, may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies due to differences in the way these measures are calculated.

The following is a reconciliation of EBITDA with net income and operating income:

	Year Ended December 31,
	2013			2014		2015
	(In NIS millions)
Net income		288			354		97
Financing expenses, net		246			198		177
Taxes on income		117			110		36
Operating income		651			662		310
Other expenses (income), net		(1	)		7		(3	)
Depreciation and amortization		676			610		562
Share based payments		9			3		3
EBITDA		1,335			1,282		872

For a reconciliation of EBITDA with net income by operating segment, see" – EBITDA" below.

(5)

Operating income margin is defined as operating income as a percentage of total revenues for each of the applicable periods.

(6)

EBITDA margin is defined as EBITDA as a percentage of total revenues for each of the applicable periods.

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The following table sets forth our consolidated statements of income as a percentage of total revenues from operations for the periods indicated:

	Year Ended December 31,
	2013			2014			2015
Revenues		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%
Cost of revenues		60.7	%		59.7	%		66.1	%
Gross profit		39.3	%		40.3	%		33.9	%
Selling and marketing expenses		14.6	%		14.7	%		14.8	%
General and administrative expenses		11.5	%		10.1	%		11.1	%
Other (income) expenses, net		-			1.0	%		0.5	%
Operating income		13.2	%		14.5	%		7.4	%
Financing expenses, net		5.0	%		4.3	%		4.2	%
Income before income tax		8.2	%		10.2	%		3.2	%
Income tax		2.4	%		2.4	%		0.9	%
Net income		5.8	%		7.7	%		2.3	%

Revenues

	Year Ended December 31,						Change
	2013		2014		2015		2014 vs. 2013			2015 vs. 2014
	(In NIS millions)
Revenues		4,927		4,570		4,180		(7.2	%)		(8.5	%)

The decrease in revenues in 2015 is attributed mainly to a 12.1% decrease in service revenues compared with 2014 due to the intensified competition in the cellular market as well as a decrease in ISP and international calling revenues. The decrease in service revenues was partially offset by a 4.3% increase in equipment revenues and revenues from OTT TV services launched in the end of 2014. Netvision's contribution to total revenues for 2015 totaled NIS 809 million (excluding inter-company revenues), compared with NIS 853 million in 2014.

The decrease in Netvision's contribution is mainly due to a decrease in revenues from internet services and international calling services and was partially offset by a 63.9% increase in equipment revenues.

The decrease in revenues in 2014 is attributed to a 10.5% decrease in service revenues compared with 2013 due to the intensified competition in the cellular market as well as a decrease in ISP and international calling revenues. The decrease was partially offset by a 6.7% increase in equipment revenues. Netvision's contribution to total revenues for 2014 totaled NIS 853 million (excluding inter-company revenues), compared with NIS 933 million in 2013. The decrease in Netvision's contribution to total revenues resulted mainly from a decrease in service revenues.

The following table sets forth the breakdown of our revenues for the periods indicated based on the various sources thereof:

	2013					2014					2015
	Revenues		% of Total Revenues			Revenues		% of Total Revenues			Revenues		% of Total Revenues
	(NIS in millions)					(NIS in millions)					(NIS in millions)
Service revenues:
Cellular services		2,797		56.8	%		2,487		54.4	%		2,121		50.7	%
Landline communications
services*		1042		21.1	%		940		20.6	%		866		20.7	%

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	2013					2014					2015
	Revenues		% of Total Revenues			Revenues		% of Total Revenues			Revenues		% of Total Revenues

Other services**		146		3.0	%		138		3.0	%		145		3.5	%
Total service revenues		3,985		80.9	%		3,565		78.0	%		3,132		74.9	%
Equipment revenues		942		19.1	%		1,005		22.0	%		1,048		25.1	%
Total revenues		4,927		100.0	%		4,570		100.0	%		4,180		100.0	%

Consists mainly of international calling services, landline telephony services, transmission services , hubbing services, internet services (ISP and internet infrastructure services) and TV services.

Consists of repair services fees.

During 2015, service revenues (comprising 74.9% of total revenues) decreased 12.1%, compared with 2014. This decrease in service revenues resulted mainly from a 14.7% decrease in revenues from cellular services due to the ongoing price erosion of those services and a decrease in subscriber base resulting from the intensified competition in the cellular market. The decrease in service revenues also resulted from a decrease in revenues from internet services as well as decrease in revenues from international calling services. Netvision's contribution to service revenues totaled NIS 691 million (excluding inter-company revenues) in 2015, as compared to NIS 781 million in 2014.

During 2014, service revenues (comprising 78% of total revenues) decreased 10.5%, compared with 2013. This decrease in service revenues resulted mainly from a 11.1% decrease in revenues from cellular services due to the ongoing erosion in the price of cellular services, resulting from the intensified competition in the cellular market. The decrease in service revenues also resulted from a 9.8% decrease in landline communications services revenues such as internet services as well as a decrease in revenues from transmission services. Netvision's contribution to service revenues totaled NIS 781 million (excluding inter-company revenues) in 2014, as compared to NIS 873 million in 2013.

During 2015, revenues from landline communications services decreased 7.8% as a result of a decrease in internet services revenues due to price erossion as well as a decrease in international calling services revenues, which were partially offset by revenues from OTT TV services launched at the end of 2014.

During 2014, revenues from landline communications services decreased 9.8% as a result of a decrease in internet services mainly due to the erosion in the price of such services, a decrease in international data services and value added services as a result of the intensified competition, as well as a decrease in revenues from international calling services.

During 2015, revenues from other services increased 5.1%, compared with 2014. This increase resulted from an increase in repair services.

During 2014, revenues from other services decreased 5.5%, compared with 2013. This decrease resulted mainly from a decrease in Subscription Repair Services fees which are characterized by lower revenues but higher profitability in 2014.

During 2015, equipment revenues (comprising 25.1% of total revenues) increased 4.3%, compared with 2014. This increase resulted from an approximately 63.9% increase in Netvision's end-user equipment revenues totaled NIS 118 million in 2015, compared to NIS 72 million in 2014.

During 2014, equipment revenues (comprising 22% of total revenues) increased 6.7%, compared with 2013. This increase resulted from an approximately 6 % increase in the

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number of cellular handsets sold in 2014, as compared with 2013. Netvision's contribution to equipment revenues totaled NIS 72 million in 2014, compared to NIS 60 million in 2013.

The following table sets forth the breakdown of our revenues for the periods indicated based on the types of subscribers:

	2013					2014					2015
	Revenues		% of Total Revenues			Revenues		% of Total Revenues			Revenues		% of Total Revenues
	(NIS in millions)					(NIS in millions)					(NIS in millions)
Individual		3,525		71.5	%		3,296		72.1	%		3,000		71.8	%
Business		1,209		24.6	%		1,087		23.8	%		1,011		24.2	%
Other*		193		3.9	%		187		4.1	%		169		4.0	%
Total		4,927		100.0	%		4,570		100.0	%		4,180		100.0	%

Consists of revenues from inbound roaming services, hosting services (since mid-2012) and other services.

A breakdown of revenues according to types of subscribers (individual and business) during 2015 compared with 2014, shows a 9.0% decrease in revenues attributable to individual subscribers and a 7.0% decrease in revenues attributable to business subscribers. These decreases resulted mainly from the ongoing erosion in the price of cellular services, resulting from the intensified competition in the cellular market. The decrease in revenues attributable to both individual and business subscribers also resulted from a decrease in revenues from internet services and international calling services which primarily resulted from price erosion due to market competition.

A breakdown of revenues according to types of subscribers (individual and business) during 2014 compared with 2013, shows a 6.5% decrease in revenues attributable to individual subscribers and a 10.1% decrease in revenues attributable to business subscribers. These decreases resulted mainly from the ongoing erosion in the price of cellular services, resulting from the intensified competition in the cellular market. The decrease in revenues attributable to both individual and business subscribers also resulted from a decrease in revenues from internet services and international calling services which primarily resulted from price erosion due to market competition.

The following table sets forth the breakdown of our revenues for the periods indicated based on the types of subscription plans:

	2013					2014					2015
	Revenues		% of Total Revenues			Revenues		% of Total Revenues			Revenues		% of Total Revenues
	(NIS in millions)					(NIS in millions)					(NIS in millions)
Pre-paid		342		6.9	%		317		6.9	%		251		6.0	%
Post-paid		4,392		89.2	%		4,066		89.0	%		3,760		90.0	%
Other*		193		3.9	%		187		4.1	%		169		4.0	%
Total		4,927		100.0	%		4,570		100.0	%		4,180		100.0	%

Consists of revenues from inbound roaming services, hosting services (since mid-2012) and other services.

A breakdown of revenues according to types of subscription plans (pre-paid and post-paid) during 2015 compared with 2014, shows a 7.5% decrease in revenues attributable to post-paid subscribers and a 20.8% decrease in revenues attributable to pre-paid subscribers. The decrease in revenues attributable to post-paid subscribers was primarily the result of the ongoing erosion in the price of cellular services, resulting from the intensified competition in the cellular market. This decrease resulted also from a decrease in revenues from internet

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services and international calling services. The decrease in revenues attributable to pre-paid subscribers resulted mainly from increased churn of pre-paid cellular subscribers, as well as from the ongoing price erosion.

A breakdown of revenues according to types of subscription plans (pre-paid and post-paid) during 2014 compared with 2013, shows a 7.4% decrease in revenues attributable to post-paid subscribers and a 7.3% decrease in revenues attributable to pre-paid subscribers. The decrease in revenues attributable to post-paid subscribers was primarily the result of the ongoing erosion in the price of cellular services, resulting from the intensified competition in the cellular market. This decrease resulted also from a decrease in revenues from internet services and international calling services. The decrease in revenues attributable to pre-paid subscribers resulted mainly from increased churn of pre-paid cellular subscribers, as well as from the ongoing price erosion.

Segment Revenues Discussion

We operate in two operating segments:

Cellcom's revenue segment, which includes Cellcom Israel Ltd. and its subsidiaries, excluding Netvision Ltd. and its subsidiaries, includes revenues from cellular communications services and cellular end user equipment sales, repair services, and OTT TV services (as of December 2014).

Netvision's revenue segment, which includes Netvision Ltd. and its subsidiaries. Netvision, includes revenues from internet connectivity services (ISP), internet infrastructure services based on the landline wholesale market (as of February 2015), and additional telephony services such as international calling (ILD), landline telephony and teleconferencing services.

We measure revenues on an operating segment basis. The following is a discussion of our revenues for our two operating segments.

Cellcom

Revenues for Cellcom in 2015 totaled NIS 3,372 million (including inter-segment revenues), compared to revenues of NIS 3,717 million in 2014. The decrease was primarily due to a decline in service revenues of 12.3% due to the ongoing erosion in the price of cellular services resulting from the intensified competition in the market. Equipment revenues in 2015 were similar to 2014.

Revenues for Cellcom in 2014 totaled NIS 3,717 million (including inter-segment revenues), compared to revenues of NIS 3,994 million in 2013. The decrease was primarily due to a decline in service revenues of 10.5% due to the ongoing erosion in the price of cellular services resulting from the intensified competition in the market. The decrease was partially offset by a 5.8% increase in equipment revenues primarily due to an approximately 44% increase in the number of cellular handsets sold in 2014, as compared with 2013, and an approximately 6% decrease in the average sale price of cellular handsets, resulted from the increased competition in the cellular handsets market.

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Netvision

Revenues for Netvision in 2015 totaled NIS 991 million (including inter-segment revenues), compared to revenues of NIS 960 million in 2014. The increase primarily resulted from a 72.7% increase in equipment revenues, which was partially offset by a 2.8% decrease in service revenues mainly resulted from a decrease in revenues from internet services and international calling services.

Revenues for Netvision in 2014 totaled NIS 960 million (including inter-segment revenues), compared to revenues of NIS 1,039 million in 2013. The decrease primarily resulted from a 9.8% decrease in service revenues partially offset by 28.3% increase in equipment revenues. The decrease in service revenues mainly resulted from a decrease in revenues from internet services and international calling services, mainly due to price erosion, as well as a decrease in revenues from hubbing services due to a change in the mix of call destinations.

Cost of revenues and gross profit

	Year Ended December 31,						Change
	2013		2014		2015		2014 vs. 2013			2015 vs. 2014
	(In NIS millions)
Cost of service revenues		2,271		1,983		2,000		(12.7	%)		0.9	%
Cost of equipment revenues		719		744		763		3.5	%		2.6	%
Total cost of revenues		2,990		2,727		2,763		(8.8	%)		1.3	%
Gross profit		1,937		1,843		1,417		(4.9	%)		(23.1	%)

The increase in cost of service revenues in 2015 compared with 2014 mainly resulted from an increase in content costs related to OTT TV services launched at the end of 2014. 2014 also benefited from a one–time reduction of a provision for cell-sites rent expenses in the amount of NIS 44 million, as well as a one-time cancelation of a provision for communications cables expenses in the amount of NIS 22 million. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in other cost of revenues expenses such as depreciation and maintenance. Netvision's contribution to the cost of service revenues (excluding inter-company expenses) decreased to NIS 450 million in 2015 from NIS 471 million in 2014, mainly due to a decrease in cost of revenues from international calling services and a decrease in communications cables expenses.

The decrease in cost of service revenues in 2014 compared with 2013 mainly resulted from a decrease in payroll expenses due to efficiency measures, a decrease in interconnect fees as a result of a decrease in connectivity tariffs, a decrease in cost of revenues from internet and international calling services as a result of a decrease in sales of such services, a one-time reduction of a provision for cell-sites rent expenses in the amount of NIS 44 million, as well as a one-time cancelation of a provision for communications cables expenses in the amount of NIS 22 million. Netvision's contribution to the cost of service revenues (excluding inter-company expenses) decreased to NIS 470 million in 2014 from NIS 602 million in 2013, mainly as a result of a decrease in payroll expenses and interconnect fees, and a decrease in cost of revenues from internet connectivity and international calling services as a result of a decrease in sale of such services.

The increase in cost of equipment revenues in 2015 compared with 2014, resulted mainly from an increase in cost of equipment revenues in Netvision to NIS 101 million in

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2015 from NIS 55 million in 2014, due to the increase in sales of equipment to business customers, partially offset by a decrease in the average cost of cellular handsets.

The increase in cost of equipment revenues in 2014 compared with 2013, resulted mainly from an increase in the cost of cellular handsets, primarily as a result of a 6% increase in the number of cellular handsets sold during 2014 as compared with 2013, partially offset by a 4% decrease in the average cost of cellular handsets. Netvision's contribution to cost of equipment revenues increased to NIS 55 million in 2014 from NIS 47 million in 2013 due to the increase in sales of equipment to business customers.

The decrease in gross profit in 2015 compared with 2014, resulted mainly from the ongoing erosion in the price of cellular services and an increase of cost of revenues mainly due to one-time effects during 2014.

The decrease in gross profit in 2014 compared with 2013, resulted mainly from the ongoing erosion in the price of cellular services and internet services.

Selling and marketing expenses and general and administrative expenses

	Year Ended December 31,						Change
	2013		2014		2015		2014 vs. 2013			2015 vs. 2014
	(In NIS millions)
Selling and marketing expenses		717		672		620		(6.3	%)		(7.7	%)
General and administrative expenses		570		463		465		(18.8	%)		(0.1	%)
Total		1,287		1,135		1,085		(11.8	%)		(4.4	%)

The decrease in selling and marketing expenses in 2015 compared with 2014, was primarily the result of efficiency measures we implemented, which led to a decrease in advertising and other expenses and from a decrease in amortization expenses in 2015 compared with 2014 attributable to the acquisition of Netvision. Netvision's contribution to selling and marketing expenses in 2015 totaled NIS 82 million compared to NIS 96 million in 2014.

The decrease in selling and marketing expenses in 2014 compared with 2013, was primarily the result of efficiency measures we implemented, which led to a decrease in payroll expenses, advertising and other expenses. The decrease in selling and marketing expenses also resulted from a decrease in amortization expenses in 2014 compared with 2013 attributable to the acquisition of Netvision. Netvision's contribution to selling and marketing expenses in 2014 totaled NIS 96 million compared to NIS 128 million in 2013.

The increase in general and administrative expenses in 2015 compared with 2014, resulted mainly from an increase in employee welfare costs as a result of the collective employment agreement, partially offset by efficiency measures we implemented, which led to a decrease in IT (Information Technology) expenses and other expenses. Netvision's contribution to general and administrative expenses in 2015 totaled NIS 61 million compared to NIS 46 million in 2014, mainly as a result of an increase in depreciation related to software.

The decrease in general and administrative expenses in 2014 compared with 2013, resulted mainly from a decrease in allowance for doubtful accounts, a decrease in depreciation and amortization expenses, as well as from efficiency measures we implemented, which led to a decrease in salaries, rent and other expenses. Netvision's

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contribution to general and administrative expenses in 2014 totaled NIS 46 million compared to NIS 60 million in 2013, mainly as a result of efficiency measures Netvision implemented.

Other income (expenses), net

	Year Ended December 31,
	2013		2014			2015
	(In NIS millions)
Other income (expenses), net		1		(46	)		(22	)

Other expenses in 2015 primarily include an expense of NIS 25 million following an employee voluntary retirement plan executed in the second quarter of 2015 compared to an expense of NIS 39 million following an employee voluntary retirement plan for employees executed in the second quarter of 2014.

Other expenses in 2014 consists mainly of an expense of NIS 39 million following a voluntary retirement plan for employees executed in the second quarter of 2014. Other expenses include also capital loss from sale of property, plant and equipment.

Financing expenses, net

	Year Ended December 31,
	2013			2014			2015
	(In NIS millions)
Financing expenses		(402	)		(298	)		(232	)
Financing income		156			100			55
Financing expenses, net		(246	)		(198	)		(177	)

Financing expenses, net, for 2015 decreased 10.6% compared with 2014. The decrease resulted mainly from a decrease in interest expenses associated with our debentures, due to a decrease in our average debt level of approximately NIS 600 million in 2015 compared to 2014.

Financing expenses, net, for 2014 decreased 19.5% compared with 2013. The decrease resulted mainly from a decrease in interest expenses associated with our debentures, in 2014 compared with 2013, due to a lower debt level following the principal payment in the amount of approximately NIS 1 billion during 2014. The decrease in financing expenses, net, also resulted from decrease in the Israeli Consumer Price Index (CPI) linkage expenses associated with our debentures, due to 0.1% deflation in 2014 compared to 1.9% inflation rate in 2013. The decrease in financing expenses, net, was partially offset by a decrease in interest income related to cellular handset income and also by a one-time positive affect in the amount of approximately NIS 15 million in 2013.

Interest and CPI linkage expenses associated with the principal amount of the debentures incurred during 2013, 2014 and 2015 were approximately NIS 385 million, NIS 251 million and NIS 169 million, respectively.

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Income tax

	Year Ended December 31,						Change
	2013		2014		2015		2014 vs. 2013			2015 vs. 2014
	(In NIS millions)
Taxes on income		117		110		36		(6.0	%)		(67	%)

Taxes on income for 2015 decreased 67% compared with 2014. This decrease resulted mainly from the decrease in profit before income tax, attributed primarily to the adverse effect on our results resulting from the intensified competition in the communications market.

Taxes on income for 2014 decreased 6% compared with 2013. This decrease resulted mainly from income tax in respect of prior years.Income tax for 2013 decreased 40% compared with 2012, mainly due to a significant decrease in profit before income tax, attributed primarily to the adverse effect on our results resulting from the intensified competition in the communications market.

Net income

	Year Ended December 31,						Change
	2013		2014		2015		2014 vs. 2013			2015 vs. 2014
	(In NIS millions)
Net income		288		354		97		22.9	%		(72.6	%)

The decrease in net income in 2015 compared with 2014, was primarily due to a significant decrease in operating profit, attributed primarily to the adverse effect on our results resulting from the intensified competition in the communications market and erosion in revenues.

The increase in net income in 2014 compared with 2013, was primarily due to an increase in operating profit partially as a result of efficiency measures we implemented and a decrease in financing expenses due to a lower debt level and one-time effects (as discussed under "Cost of revenues and gross profit").

EBITDA

Segment EBITDA

We measure EBITDA on an operating segment basis. EBITDA is a non-IFRS measure and is defined as income before financing income (expenses), net; other income (expenses), net (excluding expenses related to employee retirement plans); income tax; depreciation and amortization; and share based payments. For further information on our presentation of EBITDA and a reconciliation of EBITDA to consolidated net income, see footnote (4) under "- Results of Operations - Comparison of 2013, 2014 and 2015" above. The following is a reconciliation of EBITDA with net income by operating segment.

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	Year Ended December 31, 2015
	(In NIS millions)
	Cellcom		Netvision		Reconciliation for consolidation			Consolidated
Net income		11		103		(17	)		97
Financing expenses, net									177
Taxes on income		6		37		(7	)		36
Operating income									310
Other (income) expenses									(3	)
Depreciation and amortization		442		89		31			562
Share based payments									3
EBITDA		642		224		6			872

	Year Ended December 31, 2014
	(In NIS millions)
	Cellcom		Netvision		Reconciliation for consolidation			Consolidated
Net income		211		189		(46	)		354
Financing expenses, net									198
Taxes on income		80		44		(14	)		110
Operating income									662
Other expenses									7
Depreciation and amortization		475		85		50			610
Share based payments									3
EBITDA		967		315					1,282

	Year Ended December 31, 2013
	(In NIS millions)
	Cellcom		Netvision		Reconciliation for consolidation			Consolidated
Net income		210		135		(57	)		288
Financing expenses, net									246
Taxes on income		91		45		(19	)		117
Operating income									651
Other expenses									(1	)
Depreciation and amortization		504		96		76			676
Share based payments									9
EBITDA		1,066		269		-			1,335

Segment EBITDA Discussion

Cellcom

In 2015, Cellcom generated EBITDA of NIS 642 million compared to NIS 967 million in 2014, a 33.6% decrease. The decrease was primarily caused by a reduction in service revenues due to the ongoing erosion in prices of cellular services as well as losses resulting entering a new field of operation – the OTT. The decrease was partially offset by efficiency measures we implemented, including a decrease in advertising and other expenses.

In 2014, Cellcom generated EBITDA of NIS 967 million compared to NIS 1,066 million in 2013, a 9.3% decrease. The decrease was primarily due to a reduction in service revenues due to the ongoing erosion in pricing for cellular services. The decrease was partially offset by efficiency measures we implemented, decrease in allowance for doubtful accounts and decrease in depreciation and amortization and one-time effects (as discussed under "Cost of revenues and gross profit").

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Netvision

In 2015, Netvision generated EBITDA of NIS 230 million (including consolidation adjustments) compared to NIS 315 million in 2014, a 28.9% decrease. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in internet and international calling revenues.

In 2014, Netvision generated EBITDA of NIS 315 million compared to NIS 269 million in 2013, a 17% increase.The increase was primarily due to efficiency measures we implemented and one-time effects (as discussed under "Cost of revenues and gross profit").

B. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

General

Our liquidity requirements relate primarily to working capital requirements, debt service, capital expenditures for the expansion and enhancement of our networks, end user equipment and payment of dividends, when declared. We fund these requirements through cash flows from operations and raising new debt.

Following circulars of the Commissioner of Capital Markets, Insurance and Savings in the Ministry of Finance, or Commissioner, published in October 2010 and August 2013, instructing institutional investors to follow certain procedures and requirements before investing in non-governmental debentures, our series F through I indentures include certain limitations and covenants. For additional details see "- Debt Service" below. These limitations are generally also included in our other credit facilities (see "-Other Credit Facilities" below) and are expected to apply to any additional debt incurred by us. These procedures, limitations and covenants limit our freedom to conduct our business, may impose additional costs on us and may limit our ability to borrow additional debt from Israeli institutional investors as well as adversely affect the terms and price of such debt raising.

In May 2012 and June 2013, the rating of our debentures was downgraded. Though the rating of our debentures has remained stable since then, any downgrade in our ratings may adversely affect the terms and price of our debt or additional debt raised, particularly through the issuance of debentures to institutional investors, which, given the limitation on the ability of Israeli banks to lend money to us pursuant to the "Guidelines for Sound Bank Administration" issued by the Israeli Supervisor of Banks (as we are a member of IDB’s group of borrowers), may limit our ability to obtain additional financing to operate, develop and expand our business or to refinance existing debt. We believe that our free cash flow together with our financial reserves and our deferred loans will be sufficient to fund our anticipated cash needs for working capital, capital expenditures and debt service for at least the next 12 months, including the distribution of dividends, should our Board of Directors decide to reinstate dividend payments (after having suspended dividend declaration after the dividend declaration for the third quarter of 2013 in order to strengthen our balance sheet), excluding the financing of the purchase of Golan which will require additional equity and debt raising (see details under "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Agreement for the Purchase of Golan"). Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including level of revenues, the timing and extent of spending to support marketing and subscriber retention efforts, the expansion of sales and marketing activities and the timing of introductions of new products and enhancements of existing products, the level and timing of investing in our 4G network, our OTT TV services and our internet infrastructure (via the wholesale market) services, whether our agreement for the purchase of

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Golan is approved and any decision to reinstate dividends. Our Board of Directors would not expect to reinstate dividends unless it believes that our cash flow and available reserves will be sufficient to fund our needs, including our dividends.

In February 2006, our Board of Directors adopted a policy to distribute each year at least 75% of our annual net income as dividends, subject to compliance with applicable law, our license and contractual obligations and so long as the distribution would not be detrimental to our cash needs or to any plans approved by our Board of Directors. We undertook limitations on dividend distributions in our indentures of series F through I debentures and in other credit facilities. See "Item 8. Financial Information – A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information – Dividend Policy", " - Debt Service" and "-Other Credit Facilities" below. In respect of 2015, our Board of Directors chose not to declare dividends given the intensified competition and its adverse effect on our results of operations and in order to strengthen our balance sheet. It is possible that our Board of Directors’ estimate of our cash needs will be incorrect, or that events could occur that could increase our cash needs beyond anticipated. If that occurs, we may not have sufficient cash to cover these needs as a result of various expenditures previously made by the Company, including prior investments and expenses and prior dividend payments, and we would need to identify additional sources of financing, which could include equity or debt financing. We may not be able to obtain such financing on acceptable terms or at all.

Dividend payments

In 2015 and 2014 our Board of Directors chose not to declare dividends given the intensified competition and its adverse effect on our results of operations and in order to strengthen our balance sheet. During 2013, we distributed cash dividends in the aggregate amount of approximately NIS 85 million ($22 million), in respect of the third quarter of 2013 only, out of our retained earnings, and our Board of Directors chose not to declare dividends for the first, second, and fourth quarters, for the above reasons.

Debt service

Shelf Prospectus

In June 2014, we filed a shelf prospectus with the Israeli Securities Authority, or ISA, and the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange, or TASE. The shelf prospectus allows us, from time to time, until June 2016 (which may by extended until June 2017, subject to certain conditions), to offer and sell various securities including debt and equity, in Israel, in one or more offerings, subject to filing a supplemental shelf offering report, that describes the terms of the securities offered and the specific details of the offering. In January 2015, we filed an amendment to the shelf prospectus with the ISA and TASE, which allowed us to offer the debentures holders of our series D and E debentures, to exchange them with our series H and I debentures, respectively, as described below under "Public Debentures". At this stage, no decision has been made as to the execution of any offering, nor as to its scope, terms and timing, if executed, and there is no certainty that such offering will be executed.

The shelf prospectus includes our undertaking to comply with certain reporting obligations under the Israeli securities law in the event of certain warning signs of financial stress.

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Public debentures

Our Series B debentures were issued in December 2005 and January 2006, to institutional and other investors in private placements and in May 2006, we issued additional debentures. The debentures are listed on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange. As of December 31, 2015, Series B consisted of approximately NIS 370 million ($95 million) aggregate principal amount of debentures (after we repaid the principal payments in January 2013, 2014 and 2015 in the sum of approximately NIS 185 million ($47 million) each. In January 2016 we repaid another principal payment in the same amount). The Series B debentures bear interest at the rate of 5.3% per year, and are linked (principal and interest) to the Israeli CPI. The principal is payable in five annual payments commencing in January 2013, and the interest is payable annually commencing January 2007.

The Series B debentures are unsecured and do not restrict our ability to issue additional debentures of any class or distribute dividends in the future. The Series B debentures contain standard terms and obligations including restriction on our ability to create liens on our assets, other than fixed liens on assets provided in connection with financing the purchase of such assets.

Our series D debentures were issued in October 2007 to the public in Israel. In February 2008 we issued, in a private placement, additional debentures of this Series. In April 2009 and March 2011 (under our 2009 Shelf Prospectus) and in August 2011 (under our 2011 Shelf Prospectus), we issued to the public in Israel additional Series D debentures. The debentures are listed for trading on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange. In February 2015, pursuant to an exchange offer of our Series H and I debentures for a portion of our outstanding Series D and E debentures, respectively, or the Exchange Offer, we exchanged approximately NIS 555 million ($142 million) principal amount of our Series D debentures with approximately NIS 844 million ($216 million) principal amount of Series H debentures. Following the consummation of the Exchange Offer, our Series D debentures consisted of approximately NIS 899 million ($230 million) principal amount. As of December 31, 2015, Series D debentures consisted of approximately NIS 599 million ($154 million) aggregate principal amount (after we repaid principal payments in July of each 2013-2014 and July 2015 in the sum of approximately NIS 485 million ($124 million) and NIS 300 million ($77 million), respectively and the aforementioned exchange).

The Series D principal is payable in five equal annual payments on July 1, for each of the years 2013 through 2017 (inclusive). The interest on Series D debentures is payable annually on July 1, for each of the years 2008 through 2017 (inclusive). Series D debentures bear an annual interest rate of 5.19% and are linked (principal and interest) to the Israeli CPI for August 2007.

The Series D debentures are unsecured and do not restrict our ability to issue additional debentures of any class or distribute dividends in the future. The Series D debentures contain standard terms and obligations.

Our Series E debentures were issued in April 2009, to the public in Israel based on our 2009 shelf prospectus. In March 2011 (under our 2009 Shelf Prospectus) and in August 2011 (under our 2011 Shelf Prospectus), we issued to the public in Israel additional Series E debentures. The debentures were listed for trading on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange. In February 2015, pursuant to the Exchange Offer, we exchanged approximately NIS 272 million ($70 million) principal amount of Series E debentures with approximately NIS 335

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million ($86 million) principal amount of Series I debentures. Following the consummation of the Exchange Offer, our Series E debentures consisted of approximately NIS 327million ($84 million) principal amount. As of December 31, 2015, these debentures consisted of approximately NIS 327 million ($84 million) aggregate principal amount (after we repaid principal payments in January 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015 in the amount of approximately NIS 300 million ($77 million) each and the aforementioned exchange). In January 2016, we repaid another principal payment in the amount of approximately NIS 164 ($42 million).

The Series E principal is payable in six equal annual payments on January 5, of each of the years 2012 through 2017 (inclusive). The interest on Series E debentures is payable annually on January 5, of each of the years 2010 through 2017 (inclusive). Series E debentures bear an interest rate of 6.25% per annum, without any linkage.

The Series E debentures are unsecured and do not restrict our ability to issue additional debentures of any class or distribute dividends in the future. The Series E debentures contain standard terms and obligations.

Our Series F and G debentures were issued in March 2012 to the public in Israel under our 2011 shelf prospectus (as amended in March 2012) and were listed for trading on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange. As of December 31, 2015, these debentures consisted of approximately NIS 715 million ($183 million) aggregate principal amount Series F debentures and approximately NIS 285 million ($73 million) aggregate principal amount Series G debentures.

The Series F principal is payable in four annual installments: one payment of 10% of the principal on January 5, 2017, and three equal annual installments of 30% of the principal, on January 5 of each of the years 2018 through 2020 (inclusive). The interest on Series F debentures is payable in semi-annual installments on January 5 and on July 5, of each calendar years commencing July 5, 2012 through January 5, 2020 (inclusive). Series F debentures bear an interest rate of 4.35% per annum, linked to the Israeli CPI for February 2012. In June 2013, following the ratings decrease discussed above, the annual interest rate for our Series F debentures was increased by 0.25% to 4.60%, beginning July 5, 2013.

The Series G principal is payable in three annual installments: one payment of 20% of the principal on January 5, 2017, a second payment of 50% of the principal on January 5, 2018 and a third and last payment of 30% of the principal on January 5, 2019. The interest on Series G debentures is payable in semi-annual installments on January 5 and on July 5 of each calendar year commencing July 5, 2012 through January 5, 2019 (inclusive). Series G debentures bear an interest rate of 6.74% per annum, without any linkage. In June 2013, following the ratings decrease discussed above, the annual interest rate for our Series G debentures was increased by 0.25% to 6.99%, beginning July 5, 2013.

The Series F and G debentures are unsecured and contain, in addition to standard terms and obligations, the following obligations:

a negative pledge, subject to certain exceptions;

a covenant not to distribute more than 95% of the profits available for distribution according to the Companies Law ("Profits"); provided that if our net leverage (defined as the ratio of net debt to EBITDA during a period of 12 consecutive months, excluding one-time events) exceeds 3.5:1, we will not distribute more than 85% of our

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Profits and if our net leverage exceeds 4.0:1, we will not distribute more than 70% of our Profits. For this purpose, net debt is defined as credit and loans from banks and others and debentures, net of cash and cash equivalents and current investments in tradable securities; and EBITDA is defined as profit before depreciation and amortization, other expenses or income, net, financing expenses or income, net and taxes on income;

a limitation on our ability to voluntarily redeem the debentures prior to their stated maturity date to a minimum amount of NIS 100 million of each series of debentures and an undertaking to pay the holders of such debentures an additional annual interest of 1% in the event of such early redemption;

a covenant to have the debentures rated by a rating agency (in as much as under our control);

an obligation to pay additional interest of 0.25% for a two-notch downgrade in the debentures' rating and additional interest of 0.25% for each additional one-notch downgrade and up to a maximum addition of 1%, in comparison to the rating given to the debentures prior to their issuance;

a covenant not to issue additional debentures of the relevant series if the additional issuance by itself, will cause a certain rating downgrade.

We also agreed to the addition of the certain events to the list of events of default of the Series F and G debentures, including:

cross default, excluding following an immediate repayment initiated in relation to a liability of NIS 150 million ($38 million) or less;

failure of our main business to be cellular communications or loss of our cellular license for a period of over 60 days;

suspension of trading of the debentures on the TASE over a period of 45 days;

failure to comply with the above covenant regarding limitations on dividend distributions;

failure to have the debentures rated over a period of 60 days;

a petition or court order to withhold all legal proceedings against us or petition for creditors arrangement filed;

the sale of a major part of our assets or merger (with certain exclusions);

failure to publish financial reports when due;

a net leverage in excess of 5.0:1, or in excess of 4.5:1 during four consecutive quarters;

failure to comply with our negative pledge covenant; and

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any other event causing or expected to cause a material adverse effect (which shall not include any event that shall or is likely to cause our net leverage to increase to a ratio of under 5.0:1) on our business and posing real threat of a substantial damage to the debenture holders’ rights.

Our Series H and I debentures were issued in July 2014 to the public in Israel under our 2014 shelf prospectus and were listed for trading on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange. In February 2015, pursuant to the Exchange Offer, under our 2014 shelf prospectus and in a private offering, we issued approximately NIS 844 million ($216 million) principal amount of of Series H debentures and approximately NIS 335 million ($86 million) principal amount of series I debentures in exchange for approximately NIS 555 million ($142 million) principal amount of Series D debentures and approximately NIS 272 million ($70 million) principal amount of Series E debentures, respectively. Following the consummation of the exchange and as of December 31, 2015, our Series H and I debentures consisted of approximately NIS 950 million ($243 million) principal amount and NIS 558 million ($143 million) principal amount.

The Series H debentures principal is payable in seven annual installments: three equal annual installments of 12% of the principal on July 5 of the years 2018 through 2020 (inclusive), and four equal annual installments of 16% of the principal on July 5 of the years 2021 through 2024 (inclusive). The interest on the Series H debentures is payable in semi-annual installments on January 5 and on July 5, of each calendar year commencing January 5, 2015 through July 5, 2024 (inclusive). The Series H debentures bear an interest rate of 1.98% per annum, linked to the Israeli Consumer Price Index for May 2014.

The Series I debentures principal is payable in eight annual installments: three equal annual installments of 10% of the principal on July 5 of the years 2018 through 2020 (inclusive), and five equal annual installments of 14% of the principal on July 5 of the years 2021 through 2025 (inclusive). The interest on the Series I debentures is payable in semi-annual installments on January 5 and on July 5 of each calendar year commencing January 5, 2015 through July 5, 2025 (inclusive). The Series I debentures bear an interest rate of 4.14% per annum, without any linkage.

The Series H and I debentures are unsecured and contain, in addition to standard terms and obligations and the above undertakings in our Series F and G indenture which generally apply to our Series H and I debentures as well, the following obligations:

in addition to being an event of default, meeting the financial covenants would be a condition for dividend distribution; and

meeting the financial covenants would also be a condition for the issuance of additional debentures of each of the two new series.

The Series H and I Indenture contains substantially similar events of default to those found in the Series F and G Indenture, with the exception of certain new events of default that do not appear in the Series F and G Indenture as well as certain modifications to the events of default that are found in the Series F and G Indenture, including:

breach of the above limitation on dividend distributions;

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the minimum amount required for triggering a cross default shall not apply to a cross default triggered by another series of debentures;

the existence of a real concern that we shall not meet our material undertakings towards the debenture holders;

the inclusion in our financial statements during a period of two consecutive quarters of a note regarding the existence of significant doubt as to our ability to continue as a going concern; and

breach of our undertakings regarding the issuance of additional debentures.

As of December 31, 2015, we complied with the above covenants.

Other credit facilities

In May 2015, we entered into a loan agreement with two Israeli financial institutions, or Lenders, according to which the Lenders have agreed, subject to certain customary conditions, to provide us two deferred loans for the total principal amount of NIS 400 million, without any linkage, as follows:

A principal amount of NIS 200 million will be provided to us in June 2016, and will bear an annual fixed interest of 4.6%. The loan's principal amount will be payable in four equal annual payments on June 30 of each of the years 2018 through 2021 (inclusive). The interest will be paid in ten semi-annual installments on June 30 and December 31, of each calendar year commencing December 31, 2016 through and including June 30, 2021.

A principal amount of NIS 200 million will be provided to us in June 2017, and will bear an annual fixed interest of 5.1%. The loan's principal amount will be payable in four equal annual payments on June 30 of each of the years 2019 through 2022 (inclusive). The interest will be paid in ten semi-annual installments on June 30 and December 31, of each calendar year commencing December 31, 2017 through and including June 30, 2022.

Under the agreement, the interest rate may be subject to certain adjustments. Until the provision of the loans, we are required to pay the Lenders a commitment fee. We may cancel or prepay one or both loans, subject to a certain cancelation fee or prepayment fee, as applicable. The agreement includes standard terms and obligations and also generally includes the negative pledge, limitations on distributions, events of default and financial covenants applicable to our series F through I debentures.

In August 2015, we entered into a loan agreement with an Israeli bank, or Lender, according to which the Lender has agreed, subject to certain customary conditions, to provide us a deferred loan in a principal amount of NIS 140 million, without any linkage, which will be provided to us in December 2016, and will bear an annual fixed interest of 4.9%. The loan's principal amount will be payable in five equal annual payments on June 30 of each of the years 2018 through 2022 (inclusive).

Under the Agreement, the interest rate may be subject to certain adjustments. Until the provision of the loan, we are required to pay the Lender a commitment fee and if we do

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not borrow, certain additional fees. We may borrow the loan earlier, in which case the repayment shall be earlier and we may prepay the loan, subject to a prepayment fee. The agreement also includes certain events which if not approved by the Lender allow the Lender to notify us of an acceleration of the repayment of the loan.

The agreement includes standard terms and obligations and also generally includes the negative pledge, limitations on distributions, financial covenants and event of defaults applicable to our series F through I debentures, with certain modifications, including foreclosure, materialization of a pledge, execution actions, receivership and (subject to certain exclusions) sale of assets, in a specified certain lower amount, a failure to operate in a field which is material to our operations and mergers and changes of formation (with more limited exclusions) will trigger an event of default. In case we provide stricter financial covenants to another financial institution or debenture holder, those will apply to this agreement as well.

In the ordinary course of business, from time to time, we and our subsidiaries, enter into framework agreements with banks for various banking services, such as credit lines and hedging transactions. In March 2015, we entered an extended payment terms agreement with a certain supplier, which includes terms similar to our deferred loans agreements.

Rights Offering

In June 2015, we filed a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, and the Israeli Securities Authority, or the ISA, in preparation for a possible rights offering that proposed to raise approximately NIS 120-150 million (assuming a full exercise of subscription rights), or "the Rights Offering". DIC notified the Company that if the Company executes an equity offering (whether through ordinary shares offering or rights offering or in any other manner), DIC intends, in as much as DIC's cash needs will allow, to invest in such offering so that DIC's relative holding in the Company's share capital does not fall below its pre-offering holding, and to make an additional investment, if possible, so that DIC's total investment in such offering shall not exceed NIS 100 million.

The execution, timing, terms (including subscription ratio) and amount of such proposed Rights Offering have not yet been determined and are subject to further approvals of our Board of Directors, declaration of effectiveness of the registration statement by the SEC, and approvals of the ISA, the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange. There is no assurance that such approvals will be received or that the Rights Offering will be executed, nor as to its timing, terms or amount.

Capital expenditure

Our accrual capital expenditure in 2013, 2014 and 2015 amounted to NIS 384 million, NIS 467 million and NIS 396 million, respectively. Accrual capital expenditure is defined as investment in fixed assets and certain intangible assets, such as spectrum licenses, rights of use of communications lines, UMTS networks' enhancement and expansion and development of new products and services, during a given period. For the periods under review, a key focus of our capital investment has been the enhancement and expansion of our existing networks and transmission infrastructure and deployment of our LTE network (in 2014).

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Cash flows from operating activities

Cash flows from operating activities totaled NIS 836 million in 2015, a decrease from NIS 1,557 million in 2014. The decrease in cash flow is primarily attributed to a decrease in proceeds from customers due to the decrease in service revenues.

Cash flows from operating activities totaled NIS 1,557 million in 2014 similar to NIS 1,556 million in 2013. The steady cash flow level is primarily attributed to a decrease in proceeds from customers due to the decrease in service revenues. This decrease was offset by a decrease in payments to vendors as a result of a decrease in operating expenses mainly due to efficiency measures we implemented.

Cash flows from investing activities

The net cash flows from operating activities is the main capital resource for our investment activities. In 2013, 2014 and 2015, our net cash used in investing activities amounted to NIS 344 million, NIS 350 million and NIS 96 million, respectively. The payments were used primarily for the improvement and expansion of our networks and information systems infrastructures. These payments were partially offset by a repayment of long term deposit and cashing out part of our current investments in tradable debentures. The decrease in 2015 compared with 2014 resulted mainly from a decrease in investments in tradable debentures. There was no significant change in 2014 compared to 2013.

Cash flows from financing activities

In 2015, net cash used in financing activities amounted to NIS 1,136 million compared to NIS 1,106 million in 2014. The increase is primarily attributable to the issuance of new series of debentures for a net consideration of NIS 326 million in 2014.

In 2014, net cash used in financing activities amounted to NIS 1,106 million compared to NIS 1,569 million in 2013. The decrease is primarily attributable to the issuance of new series of debentures for a net consideration of NIS 326 million in 2014.

During 2013, 2014 and 2015, the average outstanding amount of long-term liabilities (long-term loans and debentures) was NIS 5.75 billion, NIS 4.7 billion and NIS 3.95 billion, respectively.

Working capital

Our working capital as of December 31, 2015 was NIS 625 million, compared with NIS 837 million as of December 31, 2014. The decrease in working capital was primarily due to a decrease in trade receivables.

Our working capital as of December 31, 2014 was NIS 837 million, compared with NIS 1,082 million as of December 31, 2013. The decrease in working capital was primarily due to a decrease in trade receivables and an increase in trade payables.

Trade receivables

Trade receivables consist of outstanding amounts due from customers, mainly for cellular, ISP and landline telephony services and handsets and accessories, net of the allowance for doubtful accounts. Most of our handset sales are made on an installment basis (generally, 36 monthly payments). Installments due in the twelve months following the

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balance sheet date are included in current trade receivables; the remaining installments are included in long-term receivables. As of December 31, 2015, net current trade receivables amounted to NIS 1,254 million compared with NIS 1,417 million as at December 31, 2014 and NIS 1,731 million as at December 31, 2013. Net long-term trade receivables as of December 31, 2015 amounted to NIS 467 million compared with NIS 476 million as at December 31, 2014 and NIS 512 million as at December 31, 2013. The decrease in trade receivables (current and long-term) in 2015 compared with 2014 and in 2014 compared with 2013 was mainly due to the decrease in revenues as a result of the intensified competition in the cellular market. The current maturity of long-term receivables as of December 31, 2015 was NIS 563 million, compared with NIS 606 million as of December 31, 2014 and NIS 878 million as of December 31, 2013.

C. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, PATENTS AND LICENSES, ETC.

Not applicable.

D. TREND INFORMATION

Trend information is included throughout the other sections of this Item 5.

E. OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

There are no off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future material effect on our financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.

F. TABULAR DISCLOSURE OF CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

Set forth below is a description of our contractual cash obligations, in millions of NIS, as of December 31, 2015.

	Total		2016		2017- 2018		2019-2020		2021 and Beyond
Long-term debt obligations (including interest)(1)		4,548		909		1,605		957		1,077
Operating lease obligations		1,090		205		389		257		240
Purchase obligations		414		355		54		5		-
Total		6,052		1,469		2,048		1,219		1,317

(1)

Interest does not include any increase in interest that would be required based on increases in the Israeli CPI.

Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates

The preparation of our financial statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the amounts reflected in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We base our estimates upon past experience, where applicable, various factors, external sources and on other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions, and could have a material impact on our reported results.

In many cases, the accounting treatment of a particular transaction, event or activity is specifically dictated by accounting principles and does not require management’s judgment

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in its application, while in other cases, management’s judgment is required in the selection of the most appropriate alternative among the available accounting principles, that allow different accounting treatment for similar transactions.

We believe that the accounting policies discussed below are critical to our financial results and to the understanding of our past and future performance, as these policies relate to the more significant areas involving management’s estimates and assumptions. We consider an accounting estimate to be critical if: (1) it requires us to make assumptions because information was not available at the time or it included matters that were highly uncertain at the time we were making our estimate and (2) changes in the estimate or different estimates that we could have selected may have had a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

Revenue recognition

Nature of critical estimate items

As described in note 3.K to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this annual report, revenues derived from usage of our networks, including airtime, internet services (ISP), international calling services, fixed local calls, interconnect, content and value added services and roaming revenues are recognized when the services are provided, in proportion to the stage of completion of the transaction, and all other revenue recognition criteria are met. The sale of a handset is generally adjacent to the sale of services. Usually, the sale of a handset to the customer is executed with no contractual obligation of the customer to purchase services from us in a minimal amount for a predefined period. As a result, we refer to the sale transaction as a separate transaction and recognize revenue from the sale of the handset upon delivery of the handset to the customer. In case the customer is obligated towards the company to purchase services in a minimal amount for a predefined period, the contract is characterized as a multiple element contract and thus, revenue from sale of handset is recorded in an amount not higher than the fair value of the said handset, which is not contingent upon delivery of additional components (such as services) and is recognized upon delivery of the handset to the customer and when the criteria for revenue recognition are met. Revenues from services are recognized and recorded when the services are provided.

Assumptions / approach used

In case the customer is obligated towards the company to purchase services in a minimal amount for a predefined period (multiple element contract), we determine the fair value of the individual elements based on prices at which the deliverable is regularly sold on a standalone basis, after considering volume discounts where appropriate.

The accounting estimates used in the results of operations related to the recognition of revenue require us to make assumptions about possible future billing adjustments arising from disputes with subscribers and discounts not taken into consideration at the time of billing.

Effect if different assumptions used

Management believes that the determination of fair value of the individual elements (relevant to revenue recognition) for each reporting period represent its best estimate, but the actual fair value can differ from the estimate selected. The impact of variances in actual

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performance versus the amounts recorded could have an adverse effect on the accounts receivable reported on the balance sheet and the results reported in the statements of operations, and could be material to our financial condition.

Long-lived assets – depreciation

Nature of critical estimate items

The communications industry is capital intensive. The depreciation of operating assets constitutes a significant operating cost for us. We have substantial investments in tangible long-lived assets, primarily our communications networks.

Assumptions / approach used

We depreciate our property, plant and equipment using the straight-line method. Separate individual significant components are depreciated over their individual estimated useful lives. We periodically review changes in our technology and industry conditions to determine adjustments to estimated remaining useful lives and depreciation rates.

Effect if different assumptions used

Changes in technology or changes in our intended use of these assets can cause the estimated period of use or the value of these assets to change. Actual economic lives may differ from estimated useful lives. Periodic reviews could result in a change in our assets’ depreciable lives, and therefore, in our depreciation expense in future periods.

Impairment of long-lived assets

Nature of critical estimate items

Finite-lived long-lived assets

At each reporting date, we review finite-lived long-lived assets, principally consisting of property, plant and equipment, spectrum licenses and intangible assets for impairment based on the requirements of International Accounting Standard No. 36, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying values may not be recoverable through the present value of anticipated cash flows from the continued use of the asset, including those expected at the time of its future retirement and disposal. Where it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, we group together all of the assets that cannot be tested individually into the smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets or groups of assets (the "cash-generating unit"), and estimate the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. The recoverable amount is the higher of value in use and fair value less cost to sell. Value in use is determined by discounting the expected future cash flows, we expect to derive from the asset, using a pre-tax discount rate. An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of an asset or cash-generating unit exceeds its estimated recoverable amount. Impairment losses are recognized in profit or loss.

Indefinite-lived intangible assets

Once a year and for the same date, or more frequently if there are indications of impairment, we estimate the recoverable amount of each cash-generating unit that contains goodwill, or intangible assets that have indefinite useful lives. Cash-generating units to which

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goodwill has been allocated are aggregated so that the level at which impairment testing is performed reflects the lowest level at which goodwill is monitored for internal reporting purposes. We monitor goodwill at operating segments level. As regards cash-generating units that include goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized when the carrying amount of the cash-generating unit, after adjustment for goodwill, exceeds its recoverable amount.

Assumptions / approach used

In analyzing finite-lived long-lived assets and Indefinite-lived intangible assets for potential impairment, significant assumptions that are used in determining the discounted cash flows of the asset group include:

cash flows attributed to the asset group;

future cash flows for the asset group, including estimates of residual values, which incorporate our views of growth rates for the related business and anticipated future economic conditions; and

period of time over which the assets will be held and used.

Effect if different assumptions used

The use of different estimates and assumptions within our discounted cash flow models (e.g., terminal value growth rates, pre-tax discount rate, future economic conditions, estimates of residual values) could result in discounted cash flows that are lower than the current carrying value of an asset group, thereby requiring the need to reduce the carrying value to the discounted cash flow amount.

The use of different discount rates when determining the fair value of the asset group could result in different fair values, and impact any related impairment charges.

Accounts receivable - bad debt and allowance for doubtful accounts

Nature of critical estimate items

We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts to reflect estimated losses resulting from impairment of accounts receivables.

Assumptions / approach used

We regularly evaluate the adequacy of our allowance for doubtful accounts by taking into account variables such as past experience, age of the receivable balance and current economic conditions of the party owing the receivable balance. If the financial conditions of certain customers were to deteriorate, resulting in impairment in their ability to make payments, additional allowance for doubtful accounts may be required.

Effect if different assumptions used

We believe that our allowance for doubtful accounts is adequate to cover estimated losses in customer accounts receivable balances under current conditions. However, changes to the allowance for doubtful accounts may be necessary in the event that the financial condition of our customers improves or deteriorates.

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Provisions for contingent liabilities

Provisions in general are highly judgmental, especially in cases of legal disputes. We assess the probability of an adverse event as a result of a past event and if the probability is evaluated to be more likely than not and the amount of the obligation can be estimated reliably, we fully provide for the total amount of the estimated contingent liability. We continually evaluate our pending provisions to determine if additional accruals are required. It is often difficult to accurately estimate the ultimate outcome of a contingent liability. Different variables can affect the timing and amount we provide for certain contingent liabilities. Our provisions are therefore subject to estimates made by us having taken into consideration the opinion of our legal counsel, which are subject to changes as the status of legal and commercial disputes changes over time. Adverse revision in our estimates of the potential liability could materially impact our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

Uncertain tax positions

When assessing amounts of current and deferred taxes, we take into consideration the effect of the uncertainty that our tax positions will be accepted and the effect of incurring any additional tax and interest expenses. We are of the opinion that the cumulative tax liability is fair for all the years in respect of which final tax assessments have not yet been received, based on an analysis of a number of matters including interpretations of tax laws and the our past experience. This assessment is based on estimates and assumptions that may also include assessments and exercising judgment regarding future events. It is possible that new information will become known in future periods that will require us to change our estimate regarding the tax liability that was recognized, and any such changes will be expensed immediately in that period.

New Accounting Standards and amendments not yet adopted

IFRS 9 (2014), Financial Instruments

IFRS 9 (2014) is a final version of the standard, which includes revised guidance on the classification and measurement of financial instruments, and a new model for measuring impairment of financial assets. This guidance has been added to the chapter dealing with general hedge accounting requirements issued in 2013.

Classification and measurement

In accordance with IFRS 9 (2014), there are three principal categories for measuring financial assets: amortized cost, fair value through profit and loss and fair value through other comprehensive income. The basis of classification for debt instruments is the entity’s business model for managing financial assets and the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset. Investments in equity instruments will be measured at fair value through profit and loss (unless the entity elected at initial recognition to present fair value changes in other comprehensive income).

IFRS 9 (2014) requires that changes in fair value of financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss that are attributable to changes in its credit risk, should usually be recognized in other comprehensive income.

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Hedge accounting – general

Under IFRS 9 (2014), additional hedging strategies that are used for risk management will qualify for hedge accounting. IFRS 9 (2014) replaces the present 80%-125% test for determining hedge effectiveness, with the requirement that there be an economic relationship between the hedged item and the hedging instrument, with no quantitative threshold. In addition, IFRS 9 (2014) introduces new models that are alternatives to hedge accounting as regards credit exposures and certain contracts outside the scope of IFRS 9 (2014) and sets new principles for accounting for hedging instruments. In addition, IFRS 9 (2014) provides new disclosure requirements.

Impairment of financial assets

IFRS 9 (2014) presents a new ‘expected credit loss’ model for calculating impairment. For most financial assets, the new model presents a dual measurement approach for impairment: if the credit risk of a financial asset has not increased significantly since its initial recognition, an impairment provision will be recorded in the amount of the expected credit losses that result from default events that are possible within the twelve months after the reporting date. If the credit risk has increased significantly, in most cases the impairment provision will increase and be recorded at the level of lifetime expected credit losses of the financial asset.

IFRS 9 (2014) is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018 with early adoption being permitted. It will be applied retrospectively with some exemptions.

We have not yet commenced examining the effects of adopting IFRS 9 (2014) on the financial statements.

IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers

IFRS 15 replaces the current guidance regarding recognition of revenues from contracts with customers and presents a new model for revenue recognition from aforesaid contracts. IFRS 15 provides two approaches for recognizing revenue: at a point in time or over time. The model includes five steps for analyzing transactions so as to determine when to recognize revenue and at what amount. Furthermore, IFRS 15 extends the disclosure requirements that exist under current guidance.

IFRS 15 is applicable for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018 and earlier application is permitted. IFRS 15 includes various alternative transitional provisions, so that companies can choose between one of the following alternatives at initial application: full retrospective application, full retrospective application with practical expedients, or application as from the mandatory effective date, with an adjustment to the balance of retained earnings at that date in respect of transactions that are not yet complete.

We are examining the effects of adopting IFRS 15 on the financial statements.

IFRS 16, Leases

IFRS 16 replaces International Accounting Standard 17 - Leases (IAS 17) and its related interpretations. The standard's instructions annul the existing requirement from lessees to classify leases as operating or finance leases. Instead of this, for lessees, the new standard presents a unified model for the accounting treatment of all leases according to which the lessee has to recognize an asset and liability in respect of the lease in its financial statements. Similarly, the standard determines new and expanded disclosure requirements from those required at present.

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The standard will become effective for annual periods as of January 1, 2019, with the possibility of early adoption, so long as the company has also early adopted IFRS 15 - Revenue from contracts with customers. The standard includes a number of alternatives for the implementation of transitional provisions, so that companies can choose one of the following alternatives at the implementation date: full retrospective implementation or implementation from the effective date while adjusting the balance of retained earnings at that date.

We have not yet commenced examining the effects of adopting the standard on the financial statements.

ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

A. DIRECTORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT

The following table sets forth information regarding our directors, executive officers and other key employees as of December 31, 2015:

Name	Age	Position
Ami Erel (2), (3)	68	Chairman of the Board
Shlomo Waxe (1), (2), (4)	70	Independent Director
Ari Bronshtein (2), (4)	46	Director
Ephraim Kunda (1), (2), (4), (5)	63	Independent Director
Joseph Barnea (1), (2), (3), (4), (5)	80	Independent / External Director
Ronit Baytel (1), (5)	48	Independent / External Director
Nir Sztern	44	President and Chief Executive Officer
Shlomi Fruhling	43	Chief Financial Officer
Yoni Sabag	43	Vice President of Marketing
Ron Shvili	48	Chief Technology Officer
Keren Shtevy	42	Vice President of Business Customers
Sharon Amit	49	Vice President of Human Resources
Amos Maor	52	Vice President of Sales and Service
Liat Menahemi Stadler	49	Vice President of Legal Affairs and Corporate Secretary
Teimuraz Romashvili	37	Vice President of Pre Paid Activity
Yaniv Gruenwald	41	Vice President of Television and Content
Ronnen Shles	48	Controller

(1) Member of our Audit Committee.

(2) Member of our Analysis Committee.

(3) Member of our Option Committee.

(4) Member of our Security Committee.

(5) Member of our Compensation Committee.

Ami Erel has served as Chairman of our Board of Directors since 2005. Mr. Erel also provides consulting services to Discount Investment Corporation Ltd. (where he served as President and Chief Executive Officer from 2001 to 2013), as of July 2014. From March to December 2007, Mr. Erel also served as the Chief Executive Officer of Netvision Ltd., where he served prior to March 2007 and from 2008 to 2011, as Chairman of the board of directors. From 1997 to 1999, he served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Bezeq – The Israeli Telecommunications Corporation Ltd. Mr. Erel also serves as deputy Chairman of the board of directors of ADAMA Agricultural Solutions Ltd. (where he served from 2006 and as a director and from January 2011 through October 2011 as Chairman of the board of directors). Mr Erel also serves as a director of Shufersal Ltd., Elron Electronic Industries Ltd. (where he served from 1999 to 2001 as President and until January 2007 as Chairman of the

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board of directors), Knafaim Holdings Ltd. and Dan hotels Ltd. Mr. Erel served as the chairman of the executive committee of the Manufacturers Association of Israel from 2005 to 2009 and from 2009 to 2011 he served as the chairman of the Israel Export & International Cooperation Institute. Mr. Erel holds a B.Sc. in electrical engineering from the Technion, Israel Institute of Technology.

Shlomo Waxe has served as a member of our Board of Directors since 2006. Mr. Waxe has served as Director General of the Israel Association of Electronics and Software Industries since 2006. From 2002 to 2005, he worked in the field of communications management and consultancy. From 1999 to 2001, he served as Chief Executive Officer of Zeevi Communications Ltd. From 1997 to 1999, he served as a consultant to cellular communications projects in Sao Paulo, Brazil and in Northeast Brazil. From 1993 to 1997, he served as the Director General of Israel’s Ministry of Communications. From 1990 to 1993, he served as commanding officer of the signal, electronics and computer corps of the Israel Defense Forces and he is a retired brigadier general. Mr. Waxe also serves as a member of the boards of directors of C. Mer Industries Ltd. and until 2009, served as a board member of Shrem, Fudim – Technologies Ltd. and until May 2012, served as a board member of Tambour Ltd. Mr. Waxe holds a B.A. in political science from the University of Haifa.

Ari Bronshtein has served as a member of our Board of Directors since 2008. Mr. Bronshtein has served as Vice-President of DIC since January 2006. Since July 2010, he also has served as a Chief Executive Officer, and from May 2009 to June 2010 he served as co-Chief Executive Officer of Elron Electronic Industries Ltd. Mr. Bronstein also serves as a member of the boards of directors of various private companies. From 2004 to 2005, he served as Vice President and head of the Economics and Business Development division, and from 2000 to 2003, as Director of Finance and Investments, at Bezeq – The Israeli Telecommunications Corporation Ltd. Mr. Bronshtein holds a B.A. in finance and management and M.Sc. degree in finance and accounting, both from Tel Aviv University.

Ephraim Kunda has served as a member of our Board of Directors since 2010. Mr. Kunda is an Israeli businessman and is the owner and managing director of a private consulting company that provides economic consultancy and business mediation services. From 2007 to 2010, Mr. Kunda has served as the Chairman of the board of directors and since 2010 as a member of the board of directors of Ravad Ltd., a public real estate investment company. From 2003 to 2007, Mr. Kunda served as an external director of Property and Building Corporation Ltd., a public real estate company that is a member of the IDB group. Mr. Kunda holds a B.A. in Economics from Tel Aviv University.

Joseph Barnea has served as a member of our Board of Directors since 2007. Mr. Barnea is a retired businessman. From 2012 to 2015, Mr. Barnea served as an external director of Imagesat International Ltd. He served as the Chief Executive Officer of Oxygen & Argon Works Ltd. from 1987 to 2005 and continued to serve as a member of its management until 2006. From 1985 to 1987, he served as the Chief Executive Officer of Telkoor Ltd. From 1980 to 1985, he served as a Vice President of Elscint Medical Imaging Ltd. Mr. Barnea is a member of the executive committee of the Israeli Industrialists Association and until 2007 he served as the Chairman of its Chemistry and Environment Association. From 2004 to 2009 Mr. Barnea served as a member of the board of the Israeli Export & International Cooperation Institute, from 2005 he serves as a member of the standard committee of the Israeli Standards Institute and prior to that, as a member of its board. From 2002 to 2004 he served first as President and then as Chairman of the International Oxygen Manufacturers Association (IOMA) USA. He served as Deputy Commander of the signal,

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electronics and computer corps of the Israeli Defense Forces. Mr. Barnea holds a B.Sc. in electrical engineering from the Technion, Israel Institute of Technology and an M.Sc. in electrical engineering from Columbia University, New York, USA.

Ronit Baytel has served as a member of our Board of Directors since 2007. From 2005 to 2016, Ms. Baytel served as a director in the finance department of Ormat Technologies, Inc., a company listed on the NYSE, in charge of SOX internal controls in the preparation of financial statements and tax and special projects. From 1998 to 2005 she served as senior manager at Kesselman & Kesselman, a certified public accountants firm in Israel, which is a member of the international PriceWaterhouseCoopers Accountants firm. Ms. Baytel is a certified public accountant and holds a B.A. in economics and accountancy from Tel Aviv University and an M.B.A. from the Hebrew University.

Nir Sztern has served as our Chief Executive Officer since 2012. Mr. Sztern served as the chief executive officer of Netvision, from 2010 to 2011. From 2008 to 2010 he served as deputy CEO of Pelephone, and from 2002 to 2008 as Pelephone's vice president of marketing. From 2001 to 2002 he served as vice president of marketing and sales of Barak 013 Ltd. or Barak, a long distance operator (which was later merged into Netvision) and from 1999-2001 as head of Barak's marketing department. From 1994 to 1999 Mr. Sztern served as head of our private sector marketing department. Mr. Sztern holds a B.A. in economics and management from the Tel Aviv University and an M.B.A. in business administration, from the Israeli branch of Manchester University.

Shlomi Fruhling has served as our Chief Financial Officer since September 2013. Mr. Fruhling has served as a vice president of DIC from 2012. From 2008 to 2011 he served as VP Strategy and Finance of 013 Netvision Ltd.. From 2005 to 2008 Mr. Fruhling has served as head economist of DIC. Mr. Fruhling holds a B.A. in economics and business administration from the Tel-Aviv Management College.

Yoni Sabag has served as our Vice President of Marketing since 2011. Mr. Sabag has served as head of our private sector marketing department, in charge of the private and small business sectors from 2006 to March 2011. From 2003 to 2006, he served as a director of marketing for the private sector. Mr Sabag has been a member of our marketing department since 2000.

Ron Shvili has served as our Chief Technologies Officer since November 2013. Mr. Shvili has been an Entrepreneur in the field of cyber security since the beginning of 2013, when he retired from the Israeli Defense Forces, or IDF. From 1990 to 2012 Mr. Shvili held various key managerial and technological positions in the IDF and the Israeli Ministry of Defense. Mr. Shvili holds B.Sc and M.Sc in Electrical engineering from Tel-Aviv University.

Keren Shtevy has served as our Vice President of Business Customers since 2012. Ms. Shtevy served as Netvision's vice president of private customers from 2004 to 2011 and from 2011 as general vice president. From 1998 to 2004 she served at various positions in Netvision, from 1999 in various management positions, in charge of sales and customer service for private customers. Ms. Shtevy holds a B.A. in economics and communications from the University of Haifa.

Sharon Amit has served as our Vice President of Human Resources since 2011. Ms. Amit has served as Netvision's VP of Human Recourses from 2009 to November 2011. She served as VP of Human Recourses of Tikshoov Call Center from 2006 to 2009, of Bynat

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Computer Communications from 2002 to 2006 and of ADC Israel from 1996 to 2002. Ms. Amit holds a B.A. in English literature and East Asia science, from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem and an M.A. in labor studies from the Tel Aviv University.

Amos Maor has served as our Vice President of Sales and Service as of 2012. Mr. Maor has served as our Vice President of Operations and Supply Chain from 2004 to January 2011. From 2002 to 2004, Mr. Maor served as manager of Supply Chain of Elite Industries Ltd., and from 2000 to 2002, he served as manager of Elite’s sales division headquarters. Mr. Maor holds a B.Sc. in industry and management engineering from the Technion, Israel Institute of Technology.

Liat Menahemi Stadler has served as our Vice President of Legal Affairs and Corporate Secretary since 2006. From 2000 to 2006, Ms. Menahemi Stadler served as head of the technology and general purchasing division of our legal department. She has been a member of our legal department since 1998. Ms. Menahemi Stadler holds an LL.B. and a B.A. in English and French language and literature, both from the University of Haifa and is a member of both the Israeli and the New York bar associations.

Teimuraz Romashvili has served as our Vice President of Pre Paid Activity since 2011. Mr. Romashvili reports to the Company's VP Sales and Service. Mr. Romashvili has served as Netvision's head of pre-paid and international activity from 2007 to October 2011. From 2005 to 2007 he served as head of pre-paid activity in Barak and prior to that served in a variety of positions in Barak. Mr. Romashvili holds a B.A. in economics and management from the Economics Academy in Kiev, Ukraine.

Yaniv Gruenwald has served as our Vice President of television and content since August 2014. Mr. Gruenwald has served as Vice President of television and content of Netvision since 2012 and as Chief Technology Officer of Netvision from 2010 to 2011. From 2008 to 2010, he served as a Chief Technology Officer of wire-line & broadband division of Partner Communications Ltd., and from 2005 to 2008 he served as Partner's director of product development. Mr. Gruenwald Holds a B.A. in business administration from the Peres Academic Center and an Executive MBA from Tel-Aviv University.

Ronnen Shles has served as our Controller from January 2015. From 2007 to 2014, Mr. Shles served as head of the accounting unit in our financial control division. Mr. Shles is a certified public accountant and holds a B.A. in accounting and business administration from the College of Management.

B. COMPENSATION

Compensation Policy

Our compensation policy, described below, was approved by our compensation committee and board of directors and subsequently approved by our shareholders in September 2013 and shall be in effect for a period of three years therefrom.

Preamble

The Company’s compensation policy is designed to align executive officer compensation with the Company’s performance and to reflect best practices in executive officer compensation. The Company has created a pay-for-performance policy that is

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designed to align executive officer and shareholder interests by reinforcing the long-term growth, value creation and sustainability of the Company. The structure is designed to encourage a high degree of execution and rewards individuals for the achievement of objectives that ultimately create shareholder value. The structure is further designed to prevent executive officers from taking unnecessary risks in order to enlarge their compensation. The objective of the compensation policy is to attract, motivate and retain a talented management team that will continue providing unique solutions in a highly competitive and rapidly changing marketplace and deliver long-term value for all shareholders.

The Company's executive officer compensation policy refers to three main elements of compensation that include base salary, cash bonus compensation and equity-based compensation. The compensation package for each of our executive officers will include these three components.

The Compensation Committee and Board of Directors approve, periodically review and oversee the application of the Company's executive officer compensation programs.

Our Board of Directors monitors our executive officers' compensation structure annually in order to ensure that target total compensation for our executive officers is appropriate, considering our peer companies, overall company performance, individual executive officer's scope and size of responsibilities and performance during the previous year.

The policy will apply to any compensation determined after approval by the Company's shareholders and will not, and is not intended to, apply to or deemed to amend employment and compensation terms of executive officers existing prior to such date.

The compensation policy does not grant any rights to the Company’s directors and executive officers, and the adoption of the compensation policy does not grant any of the Company’s Directors and executive officers a right to receive any elements of compensation set forth in the compensation policy. The elements of compensation to which a director or executive officer will be entitled will be exclusively those that are determined specifically in relation to him or her in accordance with the requirements of the Israeli Companies Law, 1999, or the Companies Law, and the regulations promulgated thereunder.

Executive Officer Pay for Performance

The Company’s compensation philosophy is to encourage our executive officers to make sound decisions and drive long-term value creation for our shareholders. For our executive officers, we believe that in order to increase shareholder value, our compensation structure must:

•

Have a substantial portion of pay "at risk" (i.e., pay that is not guaranteed); and

•

Link "at risk" pay to performance objectives that are directly aligned to the Company’s short and long-term performance objectives as well as strategic initiatives.

Effectively aligning the objectives of executive officer compensation with the interests of shareholders requires adopting compensation programs that motivate leadership to drive company performance to achieve sustainable top performance. To that end, our Board of Directors, at the recommendation of our Compensation committee, will establish cash and equity-based compensation plans with targets focused on rewarding individuals for strong company performance. In addition, because we believe that individuals should be rewarded

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based on the results of their contributions, we also consider individual performance in awarding incentive compensation.

Compensation Philosophy and Strategy

Our Board, at the recommendation of our Compensation Committee, has defined the following key objectives of our compensation programs for executive officers:

•

Drive the Company’s overall business strategy and results as they relate to long-term value creation;

•

Pay for performance by linking total compensation to defined performance objectives, both at the Company level and for each executive officer individually;

•

Attract and retain key executive officers by providing competitive total compensation opportunities, considering the Company's size, nature of operations and marketplace, while avoiding unnecessary risk taking by executive officers; and

•

Align executive officer and investor interests by focusing executive officer behavior on driving long-term value creation.

Compensation Risk Assessment

In designing our compensation policy, we reviewed our compensation policies and practices in order to determine whether they create risks that are likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company. We concluded that our compensation programs do not create risks that are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company. Among the elements evaluated were the following:

	•		The multiple elements of our compensation packages for executive officers, including base salary, annual cash incentive and equity-based compensation program which vest over a number of years and provide a balance of short-term and long-term compensations with fixed and variable components that promote the long-term sustainability of our business;

	•		Equity-based compensation for our executive officers aligns the interests of the executive officers with those of our shareholders;

	•		Independent oversight by the Compensation Committee;

	•		Inclusion of claw-back provisions in the event of a material restatement of our financial statements for our financial performance based compensations;

	•		Effective management processes for developing strategic and annual work plans, and strong internal controls over financial reporting;

	•		The structure of our cash bonus and equity-based compensation, which is based on a number of different performance measures to avoid employees placing undue emphasis on any particular performance measure at the expense of other aspects of the business; and

	•		The cap on our executive officers' cash bonus and equity-based compensation, commensurable to objectives which do not motivate increased risk taking.

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Compensation Principles

Peer Group Analysis. We use benchmarking as one of the tools for setting and reviewing our compensation system. To attract and retain our key executive officers, our goal is to provide compensation opportunities at competitive market terms. The Company’s peer group is made up of a minimum of 10 companies, including telecommunications companies and companies operating in other markets whose turnover are similar to the Company's , as recommended by the Company's independent compensation consultant. When using the benchmarking, our intent is to create a compensation structure that generally targets the median of our selected peer companies, but also allows total compensation to exceed the median when warranted due to company performance and/or individual experience, responsibilities and exceptional performance.

Additional Considerations. When deciding on or periodically reviewing each executive officer's total compensation, our Compensation Committee and Board of Directors consider the following: (1) each executive officer's individual attributes, including his/her education, skills, expertise, professional experience and achievements, the executive's role, his/her areas of responsibility and previous compensation arrangements (when applicable); (2) the ratio between our executive officer total target compensation and the total compensation of the rest of the company's employees and the Subcontractors' Employees engaged by the Company (as such term is defined under the Israeli Companies Law), and specifically the ratio to the average total compensation and the median total compensation of such employees, and the influence of those gaps on the working relations in the Company, taking into consideration the Company's size, nature of operations, employees composition, marketplace and comparative data. Our Compensation Committee and Board of Directors considered these ratios in the Company and determined that they do not adversely influence the working relations in the Company.

Caps and limitations. Our compensation policy sets the target total compensation comprising of the base salary, a 100% performance score for the cash award and maximum long term compensation for our executive officers, as detailed hereunder. Our Compensation Committee and Board decide on each executive officer's total actual compensation which is limited by the target compensation, based on performance metrics as detailed hereunder. Our Board will not reduce the compensation package approved or any of its components, and will not place additional limitations, not detailed in this compensation policy, other than in unusual circumstances according to our Compensation Committee's and Board of Directors' discretion.

Compensation Recovery ("Claw back"). If our financial statements are materially restated within 4 years from publication thereof (other than restatement required due to changes in financial reporting standards), then the executive officers will repay prior payouts, in an amount of the excess over what the executive officer would have received according to the restated financial statements.

Overview of Executive officer Compensation –the Elements of Pay

Elements of Executive officer Compensation. In line with the philosophy described above, the following elements compose the compensation of our executive officers:

Base salary;

A cash bonus award;

Equity-based compensation awards; and

Termination arrangements

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Compensation Mix. Base salary and annual and equity-based compensation awards make up the main elements of our executive officers’ total compensation package. The Company strives to ensure that a substantial portion of each executive officer’s total compensation is comprised of "at-risk" pay, with the targeted weight of each element out of the total compensation package of an executive officer being as follows:

base salary – 30%-50% for our CEO and 40%-60% for other executive officers;

cash bonus - 25%-45% for our CEO and 20%-40% for other executive officers; and

equity-based compensation* - 25%-45% for our CEO and 20%-40% for other executive officers.

*calculated per year, based on fair value at date of grant, with the value of the options amortized as compensation over the vesting period.

The ranges stated in the table above represent the targeted compensation mix desired by the Company; however the actual ratio between fixed and variable elements may vary based on performance. For example, in a year with no or limited bonus, the percentage of base salary out of total compensation may be higher than stated above.

Our cash bonus and equity-based compensation awards are considered "at-risk" pay because they are not guaranteed and the recipients of the cash bonus awards must achieve specific performance objectives at corporate and individual levels to receive any payment.

Base Salary. The base salary varies between executive officers, and is individually determined according to past performance, educational background, prior business experience, qualifications, role and the business responsibilities of the executive officer. Since a competitive base salary is essential to our ability to attract and retain highly skilled professionals, we will seek to establish a base salary that is competitive with the base salaries paid to executive officers of a peer group of companies.

Accordingly, base salary shall generally target the 25%-75% percentiles of each executive officer's peer group salary, taking into consideration the aforementioned individual characteristics, as shall be reflected in a peer group analysis conducted by an independent consultant and reviewed by our Compensation Committee and Board of Directors, when such salary is set and/or updated. The Company's office holders’ average base salary percentile in 2015 (in relation to their peer group), based on a peer group analysis conducted by Prof. Moshe Zviran Ltd., an independent compensation consultant, was approximately 50%. The benchmarking indicates that the target Base Salary (i.e. 25%-75% percentiles of each executive officer's peer group salary), when applied to our CEO, ranges approximately between NIS 136K and NIS 166K and when applied to our other executive officers, ranges approximately between NIS 50K to NIS 92K per month.

The base salary may be linked to the Israeli Consumer Price Index, or CPI.

Benefits and Perquisites. The following benefits and perquisites may be granted to the executive officers in order, among other things, to comply with legal requirements:

Vacation of up to 30 days per annum;

Sick days of up to 30 days per annum;

Convalescence pay equivalent to up to 10 days per annum;

Monthly remuneration for an education fund, as allowed by applicable law;

Contribution on behalf of the executive officer to a manager's insurance policy or a pension fund, as allowed by applicable law; and

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Contribution on behalf of the executive officer towards work disability insurance, as allowed by applicable law.

We may offer additional benefits and perquisites to the executive officers, which will be comparable to customary market practices, such as: company cellular phone and the costs of the use thereof; company car benefits; medical insurance, annual medical examination, professional associations membership fees etc.; provided however, that such additional benefits and perquisites shall be determined in accordance with our policies and procedures and with reference to the practice in peer group companies. The value of such additional benefits shall not exceed 30% of the executive officer's base salary.

Cash bonus. The Compensation Committee sets the cash bonus performance objectives and target bonus for each executive officer, at the start of each year, which are then reviewed and approved by the Board. For our CEO, these objectives are based on the Company's annual work plan and objectives. For our other executive officers, these objectives are based on the Company’s annual work plan and objectives at the corporate level and key strategic objectives each executive officer is expected to achieve during that year at the individual level, based on each executive officer's position and scope of responsibilities.

The cash bonus payout is determined based on actual performance of the Company and the executive officer in question (after elimination of material one time and reevaluation influences), in each of the performance objectives set for each executive officer, measured on a performance matrix. The results for each group of objectives (as detailed hereunder) are then combined into one performance score, based on the weight each performance objective was given.

	·	Corporate performance objectives may include EBITDA, net income, free cash flow, Net Promoter Score, or NPS (indicating our subscribers' satisfaction with our services) and other Company performance objectives which the Company decides to focus on in a specific year. Corporate performance objectives weigh between 30% to 50% of the overall performance score of each executive officer and 80% for our CEO. In extreme cases, such as major changes in our market leading to annual work plan or budget adjustments, our Compensation Committee and Board of Directors may update the objectives to match such changes, during the first half of the relevant year.

	·	Quantitative individual performance objectives may include specific NPS, the budget for the unit relevant to the executive officer, revenues from sales by the unit, recruiting subscribers by the unit and quality of network. These objectives weigh between 30% and 50% of the overall performance score of each executive officer.

	·	Qualitative individual performance objectives may include corporate governance, risk management, leadership, response to major business changes, executing special projects, as per the CEO's evaluation of each executive officer and as per the evaluation of the CEO by the Compensation Committee and the Board of Directors. This component will weigh up to 20% of the overall performance score of each executive officer (including the CEO).

* EBITDA and Free Cash Flow are non-IFRS measures. For a definition of EBITDA see footnote (4) under "Item 5. Operating and financial review and prospects – Results of operations – Comparison of 2013, 2014 and 2015". Free

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Cash Flow is defined as (a) the net cash provided by operating activities minus (b) the net cash used in investing activities, excluding (i) short-term investments in tradable debentures and deposits and (ii) proceeds from sales of such debentures (including interest received in relation to such debentures) and deposits.

Any payout of cash bonuses for any year will be subject to an additional minimum requirement of achieving an annual EBITDA of not less than 60% of the Company's EBITDA for the previous year. We have met this threshold. Such minimum requirements are in no way indicative of the Company's expectations or estimations for any fiscal year, and are provided in order to assure shareholders that no cash bonuses will be paid to office holders according to the Compensation Policy in years when the Company’s performance has deteriorated materially compared to the prior year.

Our Compensation policy sets a minimal threshold score of 75% of the combined target performance and a target bonus of 10 monthly salaries for our CEO and 5-7 monthly salaries for our other executive officers ("Target Bonus") for the target performance objectives, in line with each executive officer's capability to influence the Company's results of operations. Performance below the minimum threshold results in no payout. Performance score under the combined performance target and above the threshold results in a linear reduction in which a 5% reduction of the combined performance score represents a reduction of 10% of the Target Bonus (i.e. down to 50% of the Target Bonus for a performance score of 75% of the combined performance target). Performance score above the combined target performance rewards the executive officer with a linear addition to the Target Bonus in which a 5% addition of the combined performance score represents an addition of 10% to the Target Bonus and up to a maximum of 150% of the Target Bonus.

Following is a graphic representation of the cash bonus our executive officers may be entitled to:

In order to align executive officer and investor interests for a long term value creation, once the cash bonus was calculated as detailed above, the executive officers will be entitled to 60% of that cash bonus with 40% deferred to the following year. Notwithstanding the aforesaid, for the first year in which the cash bonus was determined in accordance with this Compensation Policy, the executive officers were entitled to 80% of that cash bonus with 20% deferred to the following year. The executive officers shall be entitled to the remaining deferred portion of the cash bonus, if the performance targets set for the following year exceed the 75% threshold of the combined performance target for such following year. We have met this threshold. The deferred portion of the cash bonus shall be linked to the Israeli

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CPI from the payment date of the first portion and until the payment date of the second portion (if paid).

Subject to the conditions and limitations set above, an executive officer who ceases to perform his/her role as an executive officer but has provided services to the company for at least 6 months of the relevant year, will be entitled to receive a cash bonus for that year and the deferred portion of the cash bonus of previous year, relative to the period in which he/she performed their duties during the relevant year. An executive officer who provides services to the Company for less than 6 months during the relevant year of cessation, will not be entitled to a cash bonus for that year nor to the deferred portion of the bonus for the previous year. An executive officer who joins the Company during the relevant year, will be entitled to a portion of the bonus, relative to the period in which he/she performed their duties during the relevant year and provided such period is at least 6 month long.

The aggregate maximum payout of all of the executive officers' cash bonuses per annum shall not exceed 2% of the EBITDA for that calendar year (after elimination of material one time and reevaluation influences). In case of a positive EBITDA but negative net profit in a particular year, the Compensation Committee and the Board of Directors of the Company shall examine the circumstances leading to a negative net profit and shall consider reducing or cancelling the cash bonus for that year.

Equity-based compensation Plan. Under the Company's 2006 Share Incentive Plan or under any equity-based compensation plan adopted by the Company in the future (as was done with the Company's 2015 share Incentive Plan), the Compensation Committee and Board may resolve to grant, from time to time, options or restricted share units ("RSUs"), or other instruments of equity-based compensation, to our executive officers.

The decision on equity-based compensation grant shall take into consideration each executive officer's position, scope of responsibilities, as well as its past performance and contribution to the Company.

In order to align executive officer and investor interests for creation of long term value, equity-based awards will include the following terms:

Awards will vest linearly over a minimum period of three years beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date. The terms of such equity-based awards may include provision for acceleration of vesting in certain events, such as in the event of a merger, a consolidation, a sale of all or substantially all of our consolidated assets, change of controlling shareholder, or the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of our outstanding shares.

The exercise price of equity-based awards will be the higher of the average market price of the Company's share during the 30 day period preceding the date of grant, and 8% above the market price of the Company's share at the end of the trading day preceding the date of grant, and will be subject to customary adjustments including for dividend distributions.

The value of equity-based awards at the date of grant (in accordance with acceptable accounting principles) per each vesting annum (calculated on a linear basis), in addition to the Target Bonus (whether or not actually paid), will not exceed 70% of our CEO's and 60% of our other executive officers' total cost of employment in that calendar year. We believe a grant date cap is more appropriate than an exercise date cap as it better aligns long term value creation objectives.

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The annual exercise of shares reserved for issuance upon the exercise of options of all the Company's executive officers will not dilute the Company's shareholders by more than 2% (in regards to option plans which contain a 'net exercise mechanism'). In addition, our board of directors committed towards DIC that the Company will not issue options or shares pursuant to executive officers or employees compensation, which may lead to a dilution of the Company's shareholders by more than 0.5% of the Company's outstanding share capital for that year.

Termination and Retirement. Our executive officers may be entitled to up to a 3 months advance notice period upon termination of their employment with the Company if worked in the Company for up to 3 years, or up to 5 month advance notice period if worked in the Company for over three years and will be required to provide the Company with the same notice when they initiate retirement from their position. The executive officer is obligated to work during such period and Company may decide, at its sole discretion, to waive actual work during that period, in whole or in part. Under special circumstances, the Company may, as approved by our Compensation Committee and Board of directors, grant an executive officer who worked in the Company for a minimum of two years and was not terminated for cause, a termination bonus equal to up to 3 monthly salaries of the executive officer, including benefits or an adjustment period of up to 3 month during which the executive officer will be entitled to continue to enjoy all compensation and benefits. In case the executive officer worked in the Company for a minimum period of five years, such termination bonus or adjustment period, may be up to 6 monthly salaries or 6 months, respectively. In deciding on the grant of a termination bonus or the like, our Compensation Committee and Board of Directors shall take into consideration the executive officer's term of employment, his/her compensation during his/her employment with the Company, the Company's performance during that period, the contribution of the executive officer to achieving the Company's objectives and increasing its profits and the circumstances of termination.

The Company may approve, upon termination of an executive officer’s employment, to amend the terms in connection with the executive officer’s equity-based compensation grants, such as extending the period for exercise of equity-based compensation upon termination, for longer periods than as set forth in the applicable plan, enabling acceleration of vesting of unvested equity-based compensation, while considering the same considerations stated above for a termination bonus.

The Company will not pay its executive officers any non-competition fees for post termination periods, although executive officers may be bound by post termination non-competition obligations.

Compensation for our directors

We paid no cash compensation to our directors who are affiliated with our controlling shareholder and the chairman of the Board of Directors (appointed by our controlling shareholder) ("Controlling Shareholder Directors") for their services as directors, as we pay our controlling shareholder an annual management fee, which includes the Controlling Shareholder Directors services.

We pay all directors who are not Controlling Shareholder Directors, including external directors, independent directors and other directors, directors fees in accordance with

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the amount of statutory compensation to an external director of a dual-listed company allowed by the applicable Israeli law and regulations (as shall be updated from time to time).

Our directors will not receive cash bonuses or equity-based compensation.

Indemnification

Exemption from liability and liability insurance policy. Our articles of association allow us to exempt in advance a director and executive officer, or office holders, from liability to the company, in whole or in part, for a breach of his or her duty of care (except in connection with distributions) and we may enter into a contract for insurance against liability of any of our office holders with respect to certain breaches of his/her duties and certain financial liabilities and litigation expenses.

We maintain a liability insurance policy for the benefit of our office holders. Our directors and executive officers' coverage will not exceed $100 million per claim in the aggregate, and additional reasonable expenses in connection with defending lawsuits, and the premium will not exceed US$ 1 million per annum in any renewal or extension or substitution of the policy. Any such renewal or extension or substitution of the liability insurance policy for the benefit of our office holders (including those who are or are related to controlling shareholders or in respect of whom our controlling shareholders have a personal interest, who shall be insured under identical terms) do not require a separate approval of the Company's shareholders, in addition to the approval of this compensation policy (which in itself requires approval once every three years) if our compensation committee resolves that such renewal or extension or substitution upholds the limitations set above.

Indemnification. Our articles of association provide that we may indemnify our office holders against certain financial liability and litigation expenses. We have undertaken to indemnify our office holders for certain events listed in the indemnification letters given to them. Excluding reasonable litigation expenses, as noted above, the aggregate amount payable to all directors and officers and other employees who may have been or will be given such indemnification letters is limited to the amounts we receive from our insurance policy plus 30% of our shareholders’ equity as of December 31, 2001, or NIS 486 million, and to be adjusted by the Israeli CPI. The approval of the compensation policy by our shareholders in September 2013 shall not be considered as approval of the indemnification amount to the Company's office holders (over the amounts received from the Company's insurance policy).

The above exemption, indemnification and insurance coverage, are subject to the limitations set in the Companies Law.

Executive Officer and Director Compensation

The aggregate direct compensation we paid to all our executive officers and directors as a group (17 persons) for 2015 was approximately NIS 12.0 million, of which approximately NIS 2.0 million was set aside or accrued to provide for pension, retirement, severance or similar benefits. These amounts do not include expenses we incurred for other payments, including dues for professional and business associations, business travel and other expenses and benefits commonly reimbursed or paid by companies in Israel. In addition, in 2015 we recorded the sum of approximately NIS 2.1 million, as a compensation cost related to the options granted to all our executive officers under our share incentive plans. See "6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees - E. Share Ownership – Share Incentive

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Plans". We pay our executive officers an annual bonus based on our overall performance and individual performance, in accordance and subject to the provisions of our compensation policy (described above). For 2015, our compensation committee and board of directors resolved to pay our executive officers (excluding our CEO) an annual bonus in an aggregate sum of approximately NIS 5.0 million, as per our compensation policy, and approximately NIS 1.2 million to Mr. Sztern, our CEO (as per his employment agreement described below).

The table below reflects the compensation granted to our five most highly compensated office holders during or with respect to the year ended December 31, 2015. We refer to the five individuals for whom disclosure is provided herein as our "Covered Executives." All amounts reported in the table are in terms of cost to the Company, as recognized in our financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015, which includes compensation paid or to be paid to such Covered Executive following the end of the year in respect of services provided during the year. Each of the Covered Employees was covered by our D&O liability insurance policy and was entitled to indemnification and exculpation in accordance with applicable law and our articles of association. The amounts set forth in the table below are given in thousands of New Israeli Shekels (NIS).

Name and Principal Position ⁽¹⁾	Salary Cost ⁽²⁾	Consultancy Fees	Bonus⁽³⁾	Equity-Based Compensation⁽⁴⁾	Total
Nir Sztern, President and Chief Executive Officer	1,975	--	1,157	513	3,645
Ron Shvili, Chief Technology Officer	1,139	--	507	424	2,069
Shlomi Fruhling, Chief Financial Officer	1,120	--	504	424	2,048
Liat Menahemi Stadler, VP Legal Affairs and Corporate Secretary	991	--	442	100	1, 533
Amos Maor, VP Sales and Service	1,037	--	374	100	1,512

____________________

(1)

Unless otherwise indicated herein, all Covered Executives are or were employed on a full-time (100%) basis.

(2)

Salary cost includes the Covered Executive's gross salary plus payment of social benefits made by the Company on behalf of such Covered Executive. Such benefits may include, to the extent applicable to the Covered Executive, payments, contributions and/or allocations for savings funds (e.g., Managers' Life Insurance Policy), education funds (referred to in Hebrew as "keren hishtalmut"), pension, severance, risk insurances (e.g., life, or work disability insurance), payments for social security and tax gross-up payments, vacation, car, medical insurance and benefits, phone, convalescence or recreation pay and other benefits and perquisites consistent with our policies.

(3)

Represents annual bonuses approved by our compensation committee and board of directors to the Covered Executives with respect to the year ended December 31, 2015, based on our compensation policy. 60% of the approved annual bonus (other than with respect to Mr. Sztern) in respect of 2015, to be paid to the Covered Executives in 2016, and the balance (40%) is deferred and may be paid to them in 2017, if the conditions for the payment of the deferred amount (as detailed in the compensation policy) are met during 2016. Doesn't include the deferred portion (40%) of the annual bonuses for the year ended December 31, 2014.

(4)

Represents the equity-based compensation expenses recorded in our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015, based on the fair value of the applicable options on the date of grant thereof, in accordance with accounting guidance for equity-based compensation. For a discussion of the assumptions used in reaching this valuation, see Note 20 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.

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We paid no cash compensation to our directors who are affiliated with DIC for their services as directors, but we pay DIC management fees – see "Item 8.Major Shareholders And Related Party Transactions - Related Party Transactions - Relationship With IDB". In March 2013, our Board of Directors resolved that each of our external directors be paid the maximum amount of statutory compensation to an external director of a dual-listed company allowed by the applicable law and regulations, which is in the amount of NIS 115,400 per year and NIS 3,470 per meeting which such external director attends (including meetings of committees of the Board of Directors), adjusted for changes in the Israeli CPI for December 2007. In 2015, after giving effect to the CPI adjustments, these amounts equaled approximately NIS 134,000 (approximately $34,341) per year and approximately NIS 4,000 (approximately $1,025), per meeting. As resolved in our annual shareholders meeting held in July 2011, our independent directors, (Shlomo Waxe and Ephraim Kunda) are compensated at the same level as a statutory external director of a dual listed company, as described above.

Employment Agreement of Nir Sztern

Mr. Nir Sztern, our Chief Executive Officer as of January 1, 2012, is entitled to a gross monthly salary of NIS 120,000 linked to Israeli CPI. He is also entitled to a company car and the use of a cellular phone. Mr. Sztern is entitled to an annual bonus equal to nine months salary which shall increase or decrease in proportion to our annual profits, with a minimum of six months' salary and a maximum of 15 months' salary bonus, linked to Israeli CPI, in respect of which no social benefits are accrued. Mr. Sztern's annual bonus for 2015 amounted to NIS 1.2 million. Mr. Sztern is also entitled to participate in our share option plan. Mr. Sztern’s agreement contains provisions for vacation days, sick leave, managers’ insurance and an education fund. The aggregate monthly cost to us of Mr. Sztern’s employment in 2015 amounted to approximately NIS164,500 (approximately $41,157), not including the annual bonus. The agreement is for an unspecified period of time and can be terminated by either party with advance notice of three months. Mr. Sztern will continue to receive his salary and benefits for a period of three months after termination by either party, unless we terminate the agreement for cause.

BOARD PRACTICES

Corporate Governance Practices

We are incorporated in Israel and therefore are subject to various corporate governance practices under the Companies Law, relating to such matters as external directors, the audit committee, the compensation committee and the internal auditor. These matters are in addition to the applicable requirements of the New York Stock Exchange and U.S. securities laws. Under the New York Stock Exchange rules, a foreign private issuer may generally follow its home country rules of corporate governance in lieu of the comparable New York Stock Exchange requirements, except for certain matters such as composition and responsibilities of the audit committee and the independence of its members. We follow the Companies Law, the relevant provisions of which are summarized in this annual report, and comply with the New York Stock Exchange requirement to solicit proxies from our shareholders in respect of each meeting of shareholders.

For a summary of the significant differences between our corporate governance practices as a foreign private issuer and those required of U.S. domestic companies under NYSE Listing Standards see "Item 16G – Corporate Governance".

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Under the Companies Law, our Board of Directors must determine the minimum number of members of our Board of directors required to have financial and accounting expertise, as defined in the regulations of the Companies Law. In determining the number of directors required to have such expertise, the Board of Directors must consider, among other things, the type and size of the company and the scope and complexity of its operations. Our Board of Directors has determined that we require at least two directors with the requisite financial and accounting expertise and that Messrs. Erel, and Bronshtein have such expertise. The Companies Law and the regulations promulgated thereunder also require that at least one of our External Directors has financial and accounting expertise, and consider a person who is an audit committee independent financial expert according to U.S. law to comply with that requirement. Our Board of Directors has determined that Ms. Ronit Baytel qualifies as an "audit committee financial expert" as defined by the SEC in Item 16.A of Form 20-F.

In accordance with the Concentration Law, since we are a third layer in a pyramidal structure (a layer being a public corporation), our board of directors' composition must accord with the following requirements: the majority of the board of directors shall be independent directors, as defined in the Companies Law, and the number of external directors shall be half the number of our directors less one (rounded upwards) but not less than two (such external directors to be nominated by a shareholders meeting that shall take place within additional three months). We are in compliance with these requirements. These requirements will be in effect during a transition period of six years (until December 2019), during which we are to become a second layer corporation.

Board of Directors and Officers

Our Board of Directors currently consists of six directors, including four independent directors under the rules of the NYSE, of whom two also qualify as external directors under the Companies Law. Two of our current directors, Mr. Waxe and Mr. Kunda, are independent directors who were elected at our annual shareholders meeting held in October 2015. Our external directors, Mr. Barnea and Ms. Baytel were elected in our annual shareholders meeting held in April 2013 for a term of three years commencing May 2013. Two additional directors, Messrs. Erel and Bronshtein, were appointed by DIC, as Israeli shareholders, in accordance with our license and articles of association’s requirement that at least 20% of our directors be appointed by Israeli citizens and residents from among our founding shareholders. We do not enter into service contracts with our directors. Our articles of association provide that we must have at least five directors.

Each director (other than external directors and directors required to be appointed by Israeli citizens and residents from among our founding shareholders) will hold office until the next annual general meeting of our shareholders following his or her election. The approval of at least a majority of the voting rights represented at a general meeting and voting on the matter is generally required to remove any of our directors from office (other than external directors and directors required to be appointed by Israeli citizens and residents from among our founding shareholders), provided that directors appointed by the Board of Directors may also be removed by the Board of Directors. A majority of our shareholders at a general meeting may elect directors or fill any vacancy, however created, in our Board of Directors (other than external directors and directors required to be appointed by Israeli citizens and residents from among our founding shareholders). In addition, directors, other than an external director or a director required to be appointed by Israeli citizens and residents from among our founding shareholders, may be appointed by a vote of a majority of the directors then in office.

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Our articles of association provide, as allowed by Israeli law, that any director may, by written notice to us, appoint another person who is not a director to serve as an alternate director (subject to the approval of the chairman of the Board of Directors; and in the case of an appointment made by the chairman, such appointment shall be valid unless objected to by the majority of other directors) and may cancel such appointment. The term of appointment of an alternate director is unlimited in time and scope unless otherwise specified in the appointment notice, or until notice is given of the termination of the appointment. No director currently has appointed any other person as an alternate director. The Companies Law stipulates that a person who serves as a director may not serve as an alternate director except under very limited circumstances. In addition, the Companies Law provides that an external director cannot appoint an alternate director to serve on the Board of Directors, and an external director cannot appoint another external director to serve as his or her alternate on a committee of the Board of Directors unless the alternate has the same qualifications as the appointing director. Similarly, an independent director cannot appoint an alternate director, unless the alternate director has the qualifications to serve as an independent director. An alternate director has the same responsibility as a director.

Each of our executive officers serves at the discretion of our Board of Directors and holds office until his or her successor is elected or until his or her earlier resignation or removal. There are no family relationships among any of our directors or executive officers.

External Directors

Qualifications of external directors

Companies incorporated under the laws of the State of Israel whose securities are listed on a stock exchange are required by the Companies Law to appoint at least two external directors. For the Concentration Law in this regard see "-Corporate Governance Practices" above. External directors are required to possess professional and other qualifications as set out in the Companies Law and the regulations promulgated thereunder. The appointment of our external directors was approved by our shareholders in May 2007 for an initial term of three years, and our external directors were reelected to additional three year terms in April 2010 and again in April 2013. The Companies Law provides that a person may not be appointed as an external director of a company that has a controlling shareholder if the person is a relative of the controlling shareholder, or if the person, or the person’s relative, partner, employer, direct or indirect supervisor or any entity under the person’s control has or during the two years preceding the date of appointment had, any affiliation with the company or any entity controlling, controlled by or under common control with the company.

The term affiliation includes:

an employment relationship;

a business or professional relationship maintained on a regular basis;

control; and

service as an office holder, excluding service as a director in a private company prior to its initial public offering if such director was appointed in order to serve as an external director following the offering.

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Pursuant to the Concentration Law, for so long as we are a third layer company, additional qualifications apply to our external directors.

The term "office holder" is defined in the Companies Law as a general manager, chief business manager, deputy general manager, vice general manager, any manager directly subordinate to the general manager or any other person assuming the responsibilities of any of the foregoing positions, without regard to such person’s title, and a director. Each person listed above under "Item 6.A - Directors and Senior Management," except our controller, is an office holder for this purpose.

No person may serve as an external director if the person’s position or other business interests creates, or may create, a conflict of interest with the person’s responsibilities as a director or may otherwise interfere with the person’s ability to serve as a director. If at the time an external director is appointed all current members of the board of directors are of the same gender, then that external director must be of the other gender.

For two years following the termination of an external director’s service, the company and its controlling shareholder may not appoint the external director, or his or her spouse or child, as an office holder in that company or another company under common control, and cannot employ or receive services from that person for pay or grant any benefit, either directly or indirectly, including through a corporation controlled by that person. The same restrictions apply in regards to a relative who is not the external director’s spouse or child for a period of one year.

Election of external directors

External directors are typically elected by a majority vote at a shareholders’ meeting, provided that either:

a majority of the aggregate number of shares voted at the meeting by non-controlling shareholders and shareholders who do not have a personal interest in the election of the candidate (other than a personal interest that is unrelated to a relationship with the controlling shareholders) are voted in favor of the election of the external director; or

the total number of shares of non-controlling shareholders and shareholders who do not have a personal interest in the election of the candidate (other than a personal interest that is unrelated to a relationship with the controlling shareholders) voted against the election of the external director does not exceed 2% of the aggregate voting rights in the company.

However, under the Concentration Law, for so long as we are a third layer company, the election of an external director requires (i) the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares of non-controlling shareholders or shareholders who do not have a personal interest in the approval of the election of the external director (other than a personal interest that is not the result of the shareholder's connections with a controlling shareholder) present, in person or by proxy, at the meeting and voting on the matter; and (ii) that the total number of shares of the shareholders described in section (i) above that were voted in favor of the election of the external director exceeds 2% of the aggregate voting rights in the Company.

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The initial term of an external director is three years and he or she may be reelected to up to two additional terms of three years each by means of one of the following mechanisms: (i) the board of directors proposed the nominee and the nominee's appointment was approved by the shareholders in the manner required to appoint external directors for their initial term, or (ii) a shareholder holding 1% or more of the voting rights or the external director proposed the nominee, and the nominee is approved by a majority of the votes cast by the shareholders of the company, excluding the votes of controlling shareholders and those who have a personal interest in the matter as a result of their relations with the controlling shareholders, provided that, the aggregate votes cast by shareholders who are not controlling shareholders and do not have a personal interest in the matter as a result of their relations with the controlling shareholders in favor of the nominee constitute more than 2% of the voting rights in the company, and that the nominee is not the proposing shareholder or a 5% shareholder who is an affiliate or competitor of the company or a relative or affiliate of such a shareholder. Thereafter, in dual listed companies like us, an external director may be reelected by our shareholders for additional periods of up to three years each only if the audit committee and the board of directors confirm that, in light of the external director’s expertise and special contribution to the work of the board of directors and its committees, the reelection for such additional period is beneficial to the company. An external director may only be removed by the same percentage of shareholders votes as is required for the election of an external director, or by a court, and then only if the external director ceases to meet the statutory qualifications or violates his or her duty of loyalty to the company. If an external directorship becomes vacant, a company’s board of directors is required under the Companies Law to call a shareholders’ meeting promptly to appoint a new external director.

Each committee of a company’s board of directors that has the right to exercise a power delegated by the board of directors is required to include at least one external director, and the audit and compensation committees are required to include all of the external directors. An external director is entitled to compensation as provided in regulations adopted under the Companies Law and is otherwise prohibited from receiving any other compensation, directly or indirectly, in connection with services provided as an external director.

Israeli-appointed directors

Our license requires, and our articles of association provide, that at least 20% of our directors will be appointed and removed by shareholders who are Israeli citizens and Israeli residents from among our founding shareholders. If our Board of Directors is comprised of 14 directors or less, the Israeli shareholders will be entitled to appoint two directors, and if our Board of Directors is comprised of between 15 and 24 directors, the Israeli shareholders will be entitled to appoint three directors. Our articles of association provide that DIC, as founding shareholder, is responsible for complying with the requirement under our license that Israeli citizens and residents from among our founding shareholders hold at least 20% of our outstanding shares, and that so long as DIC so complies, it will be entitled to appoint and remove these directors. For details in relation to the changes in the holding in us see "Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors – - Risks Related to our Business – There are certain restrictions in our licenses relating to the ownership of our shares. As a result of a change in control of IDB, we are currently not in compliance with the terms of our licenses" and "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Government Regulations – Our Principle License".

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Board Committees

Our Board of Directors has established an audit committee, analysis committee, option committee, compensation committee and a security committee.

Audit committee

Under the Companies Law, the board of directors of a public company must establish an audit committee. The audit committee must consist of at least three directors and must include all of the company’s external directors, and the majority of its members is required to be independent (as such term is defined under the Israeli Companies Law). The chairman of the audit committee is required to be an external director. The audit committee may not include the chairman of the board, any director employed by the company or by its controlling shareholder or by an entity controlled by the controlling shareholder, a director who regularly provides services to the company or to its controlling shareholder or to an entity controlled by the controlling shareholder, and any director who derives most of his or her income from the controlling shareholder, a controlling shareholder or any of a controlling shareholder’s relatives. The members of the audit committee are also required to meet the independence requirements established by the SEC in accordance with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

Our audit committee provides assistance to our Board of Directors in fulfilling its legal and fiduciary obligations in matters involving our accounting, auditing, financial reporting and internal control functions by pre-approving the services performed by our independent accountants and reviewing their reports regarding our accounting practices and systems of internal control over financial reporting. The audit committee also oversees the audit efforts of our independent accountants and takes those actions as it deems necessary to satisfy itself that the accountants are independent of management. Under the Companies Law, the audit committee is required to identify deficiencies in the management of the company, including by consulting with the internal auditor or the independent accountants, and recommending remedial actions to the board of directors, assessing the scope of work and compensation of the company's independent accountant, assessing the company's internal audit function and the performance of its internal auditor, setting whistle blower procedures (including in respect of the protections afforded to whistle blowers) and is responsible for determining whether certain related party actions and transactions are "material" or "extraordinary" in connection with their approval procedures, reviewing and approving certain related party transactions, as described below, including determining procedures and approvals for entering into controlling shareholder transactions even if they not extraordinary transactions. The audit committee may not approve such a related party transaction unless at the time of approval the two external directors were serving as members of the audit committee and at least one of them was present at the meeting at which the approval was granted.

Our audit committee is composed entirely of independent members (both under the Israeli Companies Law and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act) and includes all the external directors - Messrs. Barnea (chairman), Waxe , Baytel and Kunda. Our board of directors determined Ms. Baytel to be qualified to serve as an "audit committee financial expert" as defined by the SEC's rules.

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Financial exposure management subcommittee

Our financial exposure management subcommittee, which is a subcommittee of our audit committee, was nominated by our board of directors and reviews our financial exposures, investment and hedging policies and recommends to our board of directors how we might enhance our investment and hedging performance. Our financial exposure management subcommittee consists of our external directors, Barnea and Baytel.

Analysis committee

Our analysis committee reviews our costs and annual budget and recommends ways to achieve cost efficiency in our activities to our Board of Directors. Our Analysis committee also reviews our operations and future plans and recommends how we might enhance our present and future performance to our Board of Directors. Our analysis committee consists of Messrs. Bronshtein (chairman), Erel, Waxe, Barnea and Kunda.

Option committee

Our option committee administers the issuance of options under our 2006 Share Incentive Plan and 2015 Share Incentive Plan to our employees who are not office holders, as well as any actions and decisions necessary for the ongoing management of the plan. Our option committee consists of Messrs. Erel (chairman) and Barnea.

Security committee and observer

Our security committee, which we were required to appoint once we became a public company pursuant to our license, deals with matters concerning state security. Only directors who have the requisite security clearance by Israel’s General Security Services may be members of this committee. The committee is required to be comprised of at least four members, including at least one external director. In addition, the Minister of Communications is entitled under our license to appoint a state employee with security clearance to act as an observer in all meetings of our Board of Directors and its committees. Such an observer was appointed in February 2008. Our security committee consists of Messrs. Waxe, Bronshtein, Kunda and Barnea.

Compensation committee

Under the Companies Law, the board of directors of a public company must establish a compensation committee. The compensation committee must consist of at least three directors and must include all of the company’s external directors and the external directors must constitute the majority of its members. The chairman of the compensation committee must be one of the external directors. Other members of the committee should be directors whose terms of compensation are the same as external directors. Under the Companies Law, the compensation committee functions are to recommend to the board of directors , for ultimate shareholder approval by a special majority, a policy governing the compensation of office holders, based on specified criteria, to review modifications to the compensation policy from time to time, to review its implementation and to approve the actual compensation terms of office holders. The composition of our compensation committee complies with the requirements described above. Our compensation committee consists of Ms. Baytel (chairperson), Mr. Kunda and Mr. Barnea.

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Internal Auditor

Under the Companies Law, the board of directors of a public company must appoint an internal auditor nominated by the audit committee. The role of the internal auditor is to examine whether a company’s actions comply with applicable law and orderly business procedure. Under the Companies Law, the internal auditor may not be an interested party or an office holder, or a relative of any of the foregoing, nor may the internal auditor be the company’s independent accountant or its representative. An interested party is generally defined in the Companies Law as a 5% or greater shareholder, any person or entity who has the right to designate one director or more or the chief executive officer of the company or any person who serves as a director or as the chief executive officer. Our internal auditor is Mr. Eli Nir, CPA.

Approval of Specified Related Party Transactions under Israeli Law

Fiduciary duties of office holders

The Companies Law imposes a duty of care and a duty of loyalty on all office holders of a company. The duty of care requires an office holder to act with the degree of care with which a reasonable office holder in the same position would have acted under the same circumstances. The duty of care includes a duty to use reasonable means, in light of the circumstances, to obtain:

information on the appropriateness of a given action brought for his or her approval or performed by virtue of his or her position; and

all other important information pertaining to these actions.

The duty of loyalty of an office holder includes a duty to act in good faith and for the best interests of the company, including to:

refrain from any conflict of interest between the performance of his or her duties in the company and his or her other duties or personal affairs;

refrain from any activity that is competitive with the company;

refrain from exploiting any business opportunity of the company to receive a personal gain for himself or herself or others; and

disclose to the company any information or documents relating to the company’s affairs which the office holder received as a result of his or her position as an office holder.

Personal interests of an office holder

The Companies Law requires that an office holder disclose any personal interest that he or she may have and all related material information known to him or her relating to any existing or proposed transaction by the company promptly and in any event no later than the first meeting of the board of directors at which such transaction is considered. If the transaction is an extraordinary transaction, the office holder must also disclose any personal interest held by the office holder’s spouse, siblings, parents, grandparents, descendants, spouse’s descendants and the spouses of any of these people.

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Under the Companies Law, an extraordinary transaction is a transaction:

other than in the ordinary course of business;

that is not on market terms; or

that is likely to have a material impact on the company’s profitability, assets or liabilities.

Under the Companies Law, once an office holder complies with the above disclosure requirement, the transaction can be approved, provided that it is in the best interest of the company. A director who has a personal interest in a matter which is considered at a meeting of the board of directors or the audit committee, will generally not be present at this meeting or vote on this matter unless a majority of the directors or members of the audit committee have a personal interest in the matter. If a majority of the directors have a personal interest in the matter, the matter also generally requires approval of the shareholders of the company. Under the Companies Law, unless the articles of association provide otherwise, a transaction with an office holder, or a transaction with a third party in which the office holder has a personal interest, requires approval by the board of directors. If it is an extraordinary transaction, audit committee approval is required, as well. For the approval of the compensation, indemnification or insurance of an officer holder, see "Compensation arrangements" below. Our articles of association provide that a non-extraordinary transaction with an office holder, or with a third party in which an office holder has a personal interest, may be approved by our Board of Directors, by our Audit Committee or, if the transaction involves the provision of our communications services and equipment or involves annual payments not exceeding NIS 250,000 per transaction, by our authorized signatories.

Personal interests of a controlling shareholder

Under the Companies Law, the disclosure requirements that apply to an office holder also apply to a controlling shareholder of a public company. A controlling shareholder is a shareholder who has the ability to direct the activities of a company, including a shareholder that owns 25% or more of the voting rights if no other shareholder owns more than 50% of the voting rights, but excluding a shareholder whose power derives solely from his or her position on the board of directors or any other position with the company. Accordingly, DIC, and entities and persons that directly or indirectly control DIC, are considered to be our controlling shareholders. Extraordinary transactions with a controlling shareholder or with relatives of a controlling shareholder or in which a controlling shareholder has a personal interest, directly and indirectly, including through a company controlled by him or her, and any transaction for him or her to provide services to the company (for arrangements regarding the compensation, indemnification or insurance of a controlling shareholder see "Compensation arrangements" below), require the approval of the audit committee, the board of directors and a majority of the shareholders of the company, in that order. In addition, the shareholders approval must fulfill one of the following requirements:

at least majority of the shareholders who have no personal interest in approving the transaction and who vote on the matter vote in favor of the transaction; or

the shareholders who have no personal interest in the transaction who vote against the transaction do not represent more than 2% of the voting rights in the company.

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In addition, any such extraordinary transaction whose term is more than three years, require approval as described above every three years, unless (with respect to transactions not involving management fees or compensation) the audit committee approves that a longer term is reasonable under the circumstances. The audit committee is further responsible for establishing the procedures and approvals required for such transactions even if they are not extraordinary.

Compensation arrangements

Every public company must adopt a compensation policy, recommended by the compensation committee and approved by the board of directors and the shareholders, in that order. The shareholder approval requires a majority of the votes cast by shareholders, excluding any controlling shareholder and those who have a personal interest in the matter (similar to the threshold described above under "– Personal interests of a controlling shareholder"). In general, all office holders’ terms of compensation – including fixed remuneration, bonuses, equity compensation, retirement or termination payments, indemnification, liability insurance and the grant of an exemption from liability – must comply with the company's compensation policy.

In addition, the compensation terms of directors, the chief executive officer, and any employee or service provider who is considered a controlling shareholder generally must be approved separately by the compensation committee, the board of directors and the shareholders of the company (by the same majority noted above), in that order. The compensation terms of other officers require the approval of the compensation committee and the board of directors.

Duties of shareholders

Under the Companies Law, a shareholder has a duty to refrain from abusing his or her power in the company and to act in good faith in exercising its rights in, and performing its obligations to the company and other shareholders, including, among other things, voting at general meetings of shareholders on the following matters:

an amendment to the articles of association;

an increase in the company’s authorized share capital;

a merger; and

approval of related party transactions that require shareholders approval.

In addition, any controlling shareholder, any shareholder who knows that its vote can determine the outcome of a shareholders’ vote and any shareholder who, under the company’s articles of association, can appoint or prevent the appointment of an office holder or holds any other right in respect of the company, is required to act with fairness towards the company. The Companies Law does not describe the substance of this duty except to state that the remedies generally available upon a breach of contract will also apply in the event of a breach of the duty to act with fairness, and this duty is the subject of ongoing judicial interpretation.

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Approval of Private Placements

Under the Companies Law, a private placement of securities requires approval by the board of directors and the shareholders of the company if it will cause a person to become a controlling shareholder or if:

the securities issued amount to 20% or more of the company’s outstanding voting rights before the issuance;

some or all of the consideration is other than cash or listed securities or the transaction is not on market terms; and

the transaction will increase the relative holdings of a shareholder that holds 5% or more of the company’s outstanding share capital or voting rights, or will cause any person to become, as a result of the issuance, a holder of more than 5% of the company’s outstanding share capital or voting rights.

D. EMPLOYEES

Our ability to achieve our strategic goals largely depends on our employees. Consequently, we strive to recruit the most suitable candidates for each position, to give our employees the best training needed to qualify them for their tasks within our organization and aim to keep them satisfied while being productive and efficient. We implement a comprehensive review system that periodically analyzes our employees’ performance in order to improve their performance and in order to enable us to properly compensate, retain and promote our best employees. Since we are committed to providing the best service to our subscribers, approximately 76% of our work force (excluding Netvision subsidiaries employees) is engaged in customer-facing positions.

The numbers and breakdowns of our full-time equivalent employees as of the end of the past three years are set forth in the following table:

	Number of Full-Time Equivalent Positions
Unit	December 2013 ****		December 2014 ****		December 2015 ****
Management and headquarters		58		54		43
Human resources		67		72		92
Marketing		68		57		63
Customers*		3,170		2,887		2,653
Finance		133		101		135
Technologies		698		548		516
Operation and administration**		84		80		-
Netvision subsidiaries***		126		122		142
Total		4,403		3,921		3,645

*Includes the customer-facing units: business customers, sales and services, Netvision sales and services and supply chain.

** In 2015 the functions composing the Operation and administration unit were transferred to other units as follows: the Finance unit - 45 employees, Human resources unit – 30 employees and Marketing unit - 11 employees.

***In which Netvision has 50% or more of the issued share capital.

****Includes15, 1 and 1 employees previously engaged through subcontractors, mainly in the Technologies and Supply chain units during 2013, 2014 and 2015 respectively; also includes 323 employees of Dynamica and 990 employees of Netvision for 2013 and 352 employees of Dynamica, 806 employees of Netvision for 2014 and 385 employees of Dynamica and 737 employees of Netvision for 2015.

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In February 2015, we entered a collective employment agreement with the Company's employees' representatives and the Histadrut, an Israeli labor union, for a term of three years (2015-2017). The agreement applies to the Company's and 013 Netvision Ltd.'s employees, excluding certain managerial and specific positions. The agreement defines employment policy and terms in various aspects, which are more favorable to our employees than the requirements of Israeli law, including minimum wage, annual salary increase, incentives, benefits and other one time or annual payments to the employees, as well as a welfare budget and procedures relating to manning a position, change of place of employment and dismissal, including the respective authority of management and the employees' representative with regards to each. The agreement includes innovative terms, whereby the employees are entitled to participate in our operational income over a certain threshold and enjoy additional payments, under certain conditions. The estimated cost of the agreement during its term is approximately NIS 200 million, before tax, based on our forecasts (including approximately NIS 30 million in one-time payments paid in the first quarter of 2015). In January 2016, we received a labor dispute announcement by the Histadrut with respect to outsourcing and other employment issues. Under the announcement, our employees would be entitled to take organizational steps (including a strike), as of February 7, 2016. We reject the claims made as a basis for the announcement. At this preliminary stage, we are unable to assess the effects of this announcement. See also "Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors – Risks Related to our Business - The unionizing of our employees may impede necessary organizational and personnel changes, result in increased costs or disruption to our operation".

Israeli labor laws govern the length of the workday, the number of work days per week, minimum wages for employees, provisions concerning hiring and dismissing employees, including the obligation to hire certain workers retained through subcontractors who provided us services for a certain minimum period and persons with disabilities. determination of severance pay, annual leave, sick days and other conditions of employment. Israeli law generally requires severance pay upon the retirement or death of an employee or termination of employment. In addition, all Israeli employers are obligated to contribute to a pension plan, amounts equal to a certain percentage of the employee's wages, for all employees, after a certain minimum period of employment. Under that order, contribution to a pension plan increased gradually until 2014 and up to 6% of the lower of the employee’s wages or the average salary in Israel, with additional identical contribution for severance pay. We contribute to part of our employees' pension arrangements a percentage higher than that required by law, which contributions are also intended to cover future severance payments. Under the collective employment agreement such contributions shall amount to 8.3% of the employee wages, after completing 3 years of employment with us. A provision in our consolidated financial statements covers severance pay in other cases, such as to those employees who were not entitled to managers’ insurance or other pension arrangements. Furthermore, we and our employees are required to make payments to the National Insurance Institute, which is similar to the U.S. Social Security Administration. Such amounts also include payments by the employee for health insurance. The total payments to the National Insurance Institute are (as of January 1, 2016) up to 18.75% of an employee’s wages (up to a specified amount), of which the employee contributes approximately 12% and the employer contributes approximately 6.75%.

An Israeli labor law, passed in 2012, subjects employers to increased liability, including monetary sanctions and criminal liability, in cases of violations of certain labor

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laws and certain violations by contractors providing maintenance, security and cleaning services.

In 2015, the Minimum Wage Law was amended to increase the minimum wage paid to employees in Israel in four installments, from April 2015 to January 2017. The increase may adversely affect our results of operations.

In 2016, several amendments to the regulation of pension arrangements came into effect, which, among other things, and subject to additional legislative processes, may result in an increase of the contribution percentage to pension arrangements mandated by law.

We enter into personal employment agreements with our employees on either a monthly (in most cases, full-time positions) or hourly basis. Employment agreements with our employees (with the exclusion of those employees specifically excluded from the collective agreement) are - as of January 2015 - subject to the provisions of the collective employment agreement. Substantially all of our employees have signed non-disclosure and non-competition agreements, although the enforceability of non-competition agreements is limited under Israeli law

Our employee compensation structure is aimed at encouraging and supporting employee performance towards enabling us to meet our strategic goals. Approximately 76% of our customer-facing employees are entitled to performance-based incentives, which are granted mainly to customer-facing personnel, such as sales and service employees. In addition, some of our employees are entitled to an annual bonus based on our overall performance and individual performance, subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors. As of 2015, under the collective employment agreement, some of our employees are entitled to an annual bonus. We also contribute funds on behalf of some of our employees to an education fund and as of 2015, under the collective employment agreement, to all employees after completing 3 years of employment with us.

We have entered into agreements with a number of programming companies under which they provide us with temporary workers.

In the second quarter of 2014 and 2015 we launched, together with the employees representing labor union, voluntary retirement plans for employees, in which approximately 380 and 330 employees, respectively, have retired, following which we incurred costs of approximately NIS 39 million and NIS 25 million, respectively.

SHARE OWNERSHIP

As of December 31, 2015, DIC beneficially owned 42,020,582 ordinary shares, and the voting rights in an additional 3,412,500 ordinary shares are held by DIC and 77,500 ordinary shares are held by indirect subsidiaries of IDB Development for their own account. This does not include a total of 2,555,392 ordinary shares held as of that date for members of the public through, among others, provident funds, mutual funds, pension funds, insurance policies and unaffiliated third-party client accounts, which are managed by indirect subsidiaries of IDB Development. IDB, DIC and each of other directors who are affiliated with IDB or DIC, disclaim beneficial ownership of such shares.

Except as described above, none of our executive officers or directors beneficially owns 1% or more of our outstanding ordinary shares.

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Share Incentive Plans

We have introduced two Share Incentive Plans, the first in September 2006 and the second in March 2015, or the Plans. These are option plans open to all our employees, directors, consultants and sub-contractors and to those of our affiliates and our shareholders’ affiliates. Under the plan, our Board of Directors (or an option committee to which such authority may be delegated by our Board of Directors) is authorized to determine the terms of the awards, including the identity of grantees, the number of options or restricted stock units ("RSUs") to be granted, the vesting schedule and the exercise price. The options or RSUs have a term of six years and under the 2006 plan vest in four equal installments on each of the first, second, third and fourth anniversary of the date of grant and under the 2015 plan vest in three equal installments on each of the first, second and third anniversary of the date of grant. Under the Plans, unvested options or RSUs terminate immediately upon termination of employment or service. The Plans define acceleration events of options or RSUs granted, including a merger, a consolidation, a sale of all or substantially all of our consolidated assets, or the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of our outstanding shares. The Plans terminate upon the earlier of ten years from its adoption date or the termination of all outstanding options or RSUs pursuant to an acceleration event. The terms of the Plans provide for a net exercise mechanism, the result of which is to require us to issue a smaller number of ordinary shares than represented by the outstanding options. Unless the Board of Directors otherwise approves, the number of ordinary shares issuable by us upon the exercise of an option will represent a market value that is equal to the difference between the market price of the ordinary shares and the option exercise price of the exercised options, at the date of exercise. Distribution of cash dividends before the exercise of the options reduces the exercise price of each option by an amount equal to the gross amount of the dividend per share distributed.

In December 2013, our compensation committee and board of directors resolved to grant additional 234,000 options under the 2006 share incentive plan to two executive officers, at an exercise price of US$ 14.65 per share. The options granted, in accordance and subject to our compensation policy provisions, will vest in three equal installments on each of the first and second and third anniversary of the date of grant. The options of the first installment may be exercised within 24 months from their vesting and the second and third installments may be exercised with 18 month from their vesting.

In August 2014, senior employees and non-director officers of the Company sold an aggregate of 933,348 shares of the Company issued to them upon their exercise of vested options, constituting approximately 0.93% of the Company’s issued share capital, to financial institutions. To our Knowledge, the purchasers intend to place such shares for sale outside the United States to non-US investors.

In June 2015, our board of directors annulled its March 2015 decision to grant options under the 2015 share incentive plan to non-directors officers and senior employees (i.e., the decision to grant 2,795,000 options to certain non-director officers and senior employees, of which 1,350,000 options to our executive officers, including 525,000 options to Mr. Sztern, our CEO, at an exercise price of US$ 5.70 (or, subject to the approval of the Israeli Tax Authority – NIS 22.55) per share) which had not been granted. In August 2015, our compensation committee and board of directors resolved to grant 2,660,000 options under the 2015 share incentive plan to certain non-director officers and senior employees, of which 1,740,000 options were granted to the Company's executive officers, including 525,000

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options to Mr. Sztern, the Company's CEO, at an exercise price of NIS 25.65 per share. Mr. Sztern's grant was further subject to shareholders approval in accordance with the Israeli Companies Law, which was received in October 2015. The options granted will be vested in three equal installments on each of the first, second and third anniversary of the date of grant. The options of the first installment may be exercised within 24 months from their vesting, and the options of the second and third installments may be exercised with 18 month from their vesting. We will record the total sum of approximately NIS 9.3 million, as a compensation cost related to these grants, over the vesting period (2015 – 2018).

As of December 31, 2015, an aggregate of 2,873,190 ordinary shares were issuable upon exercise of options according to the terms above.

ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS

The following table sets forth information regarding beneficial ownership of our shares as of December 31, 2015, by each person, or group of affiliated persons, known to us to be the beneficial owner of 5% or more of our outstanding shares.

In accordance with the rules of the SEC, beneficial ownership includes voting or investment power with respect to securities and includes any shares issuable pursuant to options that are exercisable within 60 days of December 31, 2015. Any shares issuable pursuant to options are deemed outstanding for computing the percentage of the person holding such options but are not outstanding for computing the percentage of any other person. The percentage of beneficial ownership for the following table is based on 100,604,578 ordinary shares outstanding as of December 31, 2015. To our knowledge, except as indicated in the footnotes to this table and pursuant to applicable community property laws, our major shareholders do not have different voting rights and the persons named in the table have sole voting and investment power with respect to all ordinary shares held by them.

	Shares Beneficially Owned
Name of Beneficial Owner	Number		Percent

Discount Investment Corporation Ltd.*		45,433,082		45.16	%
Psagot Investment House Ltd.**		7,955,825		7.91	%
Directors and executive officers as a group (16 persons)***		210,647		0.26	%

DIC, a public Israeli company traded on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange, is a majority-owned subsidiary of IDB. Includes 29,832,227 ordinary shares held by DIC directly, 12,188,355 ordinary shares held by a wholly-owned subsidiary of DIC (namely, DIC Communication and Technology Ltd., an Israeli company) and 3,412,500 ordinary shares, representing approximately 3.39% of our issued and outstanding shares, held by two shareholders whose voting rights are vested in DIC. Does not include 77,500 ordinary shares (representing approximately 0.08% of our issued and outstanding shares) held as of December 31, 2015 by an indirect subsidiary of IDB for its own account and a total of 2,555,392 ordinary shares (representing approximately 2.54% of our issued and outstanding shares) held as of that date for members of the public through, among others, provident funds, mutual funds, pension funds, insurance policies and unaffiliated third-party client accounts, which are managed by an indirect subsidiary of IDB.

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To our best knowledge, as of December 31, 2015, IDB, a public Israeli company traded on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange, was controlled by Mr. Eduardo Elzstain, as follows:

Dolphin Netherlands B.V.,a company incorporated in the Netherlands, or Dolphin Netherlands, owns 48.98% of the outstanding shares of IDB; Inversiones Financieras Del Sur S.A., a private company registered in Uruguay, or IFISA, owns 31.72% of the outstanding shares of IDB; and Dolphin Fund Limited, an investment fund incorporated in Bermuda, or Dolphin Fund, owns 0.02% of the outstanding shares of IDB. Dolphin Netherlands, Dolphin Fund and IFISA (which hold in aggregate 80.72% of the outstanding shares of IDB) are indirectly controlled by Eduardo Elsztain. Mr. Elsztain is the Chairman of each of the boards of directors of IDB and DIC. Alejandro Elsztain, the brother of Eduardo Elsztain, is a director in IDB and an alternate director of Eduardo Elsztain in DIC. Until February 2015, IDB was equally controlled by companies controlled by Eduardo Elsztain and a company controlled by Mordechay Ben Moshe. As a result of a rights offering effected by IDB in February 2015, the holdings of companies controlled by Eduardo Elsztain increased to approximately 61.5% of the outstanding shares of IDB, while the holdings of the company controlled by Mr. Ben Moshe decreased to approximately 16.2% of the outstanding shares of IDB.

Subsequently, in October 2015, IFISA purchased all of the IDB shares previously indirectly held by Mr. Ben Moshe, and the control in IDB and consequently indirectly in us, changed. The change in control requires the approval of the Ministry of Communications. For additional details see "Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors – - Risks Related to our Business – There are certain restrictions in our licenses relating to the ownership of our shares. As a result of a change in control of IDB, we are currently not in compliance with the terms of our licenses" and "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Government Regulations – Our Principle License".

Approximately 29% of DIC's outstanding shares have been pledged by IDB as collateral for a loan provided to IDB by Israeli financial investors.

Based on the foregoing, IDB (by reason of its control of DIC), companies controlled by Eduardo Elsztain (as described above), and Eduardo Elsztain may be deemed to share with DIC the power to vote and dispose of our shares beneficially owned by DIC. Each of these entities (other than DIC) and persons disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares, and all of these entities and persons disclaim beneficial ownership of our shares held under management of subsidiaries of IDB for others.

According to the Concentration Law, IDB and DIC have until December 2019 to cause us to cease being a third layer company in their pyramidal structure. IDB and DIC have announced that they are reviewing possible ways to achieve this goal without having to forfeit control of us, such as by merging with each other or by taking IDB or DIC private. There can be no assurance how or when this would occur, if at all. In March 2016, IDB announced that the Israeli court approved an arrangement for the purchase of all of IDB's shares from the public by Dolphin Netherlands, pursuant to which companies indirectly controlled by Eduardo Elsztain will own all the shares of IDB as of the end of March 2016. However, since IDB's debentures will continue to be publicly traded, we will still be considered a third layer company. For information about the Concentration Law, see the risk factor in Item 3.D above entitled "Recent legislation in Israel affecting corporate conglomerates could adversely affect us."

** Based on a Schedule 13G filed by Psagot Investment House Ltd. with the SEC on February 16, 2016, it has shared dispositive power with respect to 7,955,825shares and shared voting power with respect to 4,675,019 shares.

***Includes 156,000 ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options that are exercisable on, or within 60 days following December 31, 2015, and 54,647 ordinary shares held by Mr. Ami Erel as of December 31, 2015.

As of December 31, 2015, we had twenty holders of record of our equity securities who are, to our knowledge, located in the United States. The shares held by these holders of record represent 94.72% of our outstanding ordinary shares. However, this number is not representative of the number of beneficial holders nor is it representative of where such beneficial holders are located because approximately 94.71% of our ordinary shares were

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held of record by Cede & Co. for the account of the brokers or other nominees, including the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange; approximately 41.77% of our ordinary shares owned directly and indirectly by DIC as of December 31, 2015 is also held of record by Cede & Co.

In 2011 and February 2013, DIC sold approximately 5% and 1.7%, respectively, of our then issued share capital, in 2011 purchased approximately 0.31% of our then issued share capital in the TASE and in 2014 purchased approximately 0.33% of our issued share capital in the TASE.

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Agreements Among our Shareholders

In September 2005, DIC acquired the shares and voting rights in our company held indirectly by BellSouth and the Safra brothers. In 2006, DIC sold a portion of these shares in four transactions to six financial investors based on the price of the Safra transaction, with adjustments for dividends paid and certain additions to such price accrued during the period from the closing of the Safra transaction to the applicable sale transaction. The following summaries of the agreements between DIC and certain other shareholders relate only to provisions that were in effect as of January 1, 2016 or thereafter.

Original 1997 shareholders agreements

Brian Greenspun, Daniel Steinmetz, Benjamin Steinmetz and Shlomo Piotrkowsky, who owned of record, directly or indirectly, an aggregate of approximately 5.5% of our then outstanding ordinary shares, granted the voting rights in these shares to BellSouth and the Safra brothers. These voting rights were assigned to DIC in connection with its acquisition of our control in September 2005. In 2009, DIC purchased the minority stakes held by Brian Greenspun and Benjamin Steinmetz (indirectly), representing approximately 1.97% of our then share capital. The remaining minority shareholders currently own approximately 3.39% of our outstanding ordinary shares. These minority shareholders are restricted from transferring these shares without the prior written consent of DIC and their transfer are subject to a right of first refusal in favor of DIC. Each of these minority shareholders has also committed not to compete, directly or indirectly, with our cellular communications business in Israel so long as he is a shareholder and for a period of one year thereafter.

Migdal 2006 share purchase agreement

In 2006, DIC sold 4% of our then outstanding ordinary shares to Migdal Insurance Company Ltd. and two of its affiliates, or the Migdal shareholders. As part of this transaction, DIC granted the Migdal shareholders a tag along right, in the event it sells shares resulting in it no longer being a controlling shareholder. In return, DIC has the right to force the Migdal shareholders to sell their shares in a transaction in which DIC sells all of its shares to a purchaser outside the IDB group. To the best of our knowledge, no such right has materialized.

Relationship with IDB

As of December 31, 2015, an aggregate amount of approximately NIS 6 million principal amount of our Series B, D, E, F, G, H and I Debentures were held by investors who are members of the IDB group and entities affiliated with IDB’s principal shareholders or officers (other than for the benefit of members of the public through provident funds, mutual

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funds, pension funds and unaffiliated third-party client accounts, which are managed by indirect subsidiaries of IDB, which amounted to NIS 53 million).

As of December 31, 2015, 77,500 of our ordinary shares were held by an indirect subsidiary of IDB for its own account and an aggregate of 2,555,392 of our ordinary shares were held by members of the public through, among others, provident funds, mutual funds, pension funds, insurance policies and unaffiliated third-party client accounts, which are managed by indirect subsidiaries of IDB. Such holdings are not included in the holdings set forth in the Beneficial Owners' table above.

In October 2006, we entered into an agreement with DIC, to benefit from the experience that DIC has in telecommunications and in the Israeli market generally, pursuant to which DIC provides us with services in the areas of management, finance, business and accountancy. Among the services included are consulting and assistance on managerial, economic and accounting issues, such as the preparation of an annual budget, strategic plans and central business processes for us. In addition, the provision of employees and officers of DIC and its affiliates and subsidiaries to be directors of Cellcom, including the services of the chairman of our board of directors, is included in the agreement. This agreement is for a term of one year and is automatically renewed for one-year terms unless either party provides 60 days’ prior notice to the contrary. In July 2011, our annual shareholders meeting approved an amendment of the agreement so as to clarify that the DIC officers and employees whose service as directors are covered by the management fees, shall not include any person who serves solely as a director of a subsidiary (or several subsidiaries) of DIC (and does not serve as a director of DIC itself) and does not receive any compensation, other than director's fees, in his or her capacity as a director of any subsidiary of DIC. In October 2015, our annual shareholders meeting approved another amendment of the agreement, under which the services would be provided to us by our Chairman of the Board and any additional directors who are employees or directors of DIC or any of its subsidiaries (excluding the Company), and the annual consideration for DIC management services would be equal to the director's fees (both the annual fee and the meeting attendance fee) paid to our external and independent directors (see "-Executive Officer and Director Compensation " above), for each director that DIC nominates or proposes to our Board of Directors, but no more than five directors (replacing the fixed consideration of NIS 2.0 million (linked to the Israeli Consumer Price Index for June 2006) plus VAT per year, paid to DIC until December 31, 2014). Currently, our Board of directors includes two directors nominated by DIC (including our Chairman). Under the Israeli Companies Law, an agreement with a controlling shareholder, such as our management services agreement with DIC, cannot continue for more than three consecutive years unless re-approved by the audit committee, board of directors and shareholders every three years. Accordingly, our audit committee, board of directors and shareholders approved the agreement for a term ending in October 2018.

In the ordinary course of business, from time to time, we purchase, lease, sell and cooperate in the sale of goods and services, or otherwise engage in transactions with entities that are members of the IDB group, entities affiliated with IDB’s principal shareholders or officers and entities otherwise engaged with such IDB member or affiliates in a manner that may create a personal interest of our controlling shareholders or directors. We believe that all such transactions are on commercial terms comparable to those that we could obtain from unaffiliated parties. These transactions are subject to rigorous corporate governance rules, as described under Item 6.C under "Approval of Specified Related Party Transactions under Israeli Law".

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Registration Rights Agreement

In 2006, we entered into a registration rights agreement with DIC, two wholly-owned subsidiaries of DIC (one of whom ceased to exist in 2011) which are shareholders and six other shareholders (some of whom no longer hold the registrable shares). For a summary of the terms of the agreement, see "Item 10. Additional Information – C. Material Contracts."

Merger with Netvision

On August 31, 2011, we completed a merger transaction between us, a wholly-owned subsidiary of ours and Netvision, pursuant to which the abovementioned subsidiary was merged with and into Netvision as the surviving company, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Companies Law. Following the merger, Netvision was delisted from the TASE and became a private company wholly-owned by us.

The aggregate merger consideration was approximately NIS 1.57 billion ($402 million). We financed the payment of the merger consideration by using cash on hand, as well as by issuance of debentures to the public in Israel.

Since both us and Netvision were public companies under the joint control of the IDB group, each of us obtained the approvals of the audit committee, board of directors and a special majority of shareholders for the transaction.

INTERESTS OF EXPERTS AND COUNSEL

Not applicable.

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Consolidated Financial Statements

See Item 18.

Legal Proceedings

General

We are served from time to time with claims concerning various matters, including disputes with customers, former employees, commercial disputes with third parties with whom we do business and disputes with government entities, including local planning and building committees and the Ministry of Communications. These include purported class actions, filed mainly by our subscribers, regarding claims such as alleged overcharging of tariffs, misleading representations, providing services not in compliance with applicable law, our license’s requirements or a subscriber’s agreement. The following is a summary of all significant or potentially significant litigation as well as all our purported class actions, pending as of the date of this annual report.

Various legislative and regulatory changes have been imposed in recent years and additional changes may occur. As a result, the number of requests for certification of class action lawsuits against us have increased which may increase our legal exposure as a result of

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such class action lawsuits and our legal costs in defending against such suits. See "Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors - We are exposed to, and currently are engaged in, a variety of legal proceedings, including class action lawsuits."

In cases where the claim is approved, all amounts noted below will be adjusted to reflect changes in the Israeli CPI and statutory interest, from the date that each claim was filed.

Based on advice of counsel, we believe it is more likely than not that substantially all the claims and disputes detailed below will be determined in our favor and accordingly, no provision has been made in the financial statements in respect of these claims and disputes. We have made a provision in the amount of approximately NIS 54 million for the claim/s and dispute/s we are willing to settle or for which we cannot reach a conclusion that it is more likely than not that the claim/s and dispute/s will be determined in our favor.

Purported class actions

43 purported class actions have been filed against us in connection with allegations that we, among others (i) unlawfully, in violation of our license or agreements with our subscribers, charged or overcharged our subscribers for our services, or (ii) misled our subscribers or unlawfully sent our subscribers and other parties commercial messages, or (iii) unlawfully, in violation of our license or agreements with our subscribers, discriminated among our subscribers, or (iv) failed to provide customer care in accordance with the provisions of our license and applicable law. The amount claimed estimated by the plaintiffs in these purported class actions ranges from approximately NIS 3.2 million to NIS 405 million, or was not estimated by the plaintiffs if the lawsuits are certified as class actions or were filed against us and other defendants without specifying the amount claimed from us. One purported class action, for which no amount claimed was estimated by the plaintiffs, was dismissed with prejudice and the plaintiffs appealed the ruling. In seven purported class actions, for which the amount claimed estimated by the plaintiffs ranges from approximately NIS 15 million to NIS 361 million, or no amount claimed was estimated by the plaintiffs, or were filed against us and other defendants without specifying the amount claimed from us, settlement agreements or an agreed motion for dismissal of a purported class action were filed with the court and the proceedings are still pending.

We have recorded appropriate provisions for each of the settlement agreements filed with the courts and described above.

In March 2015, a purported class action was filed against us, by plaintiffs alleging to be subscribers of the Company, claiming compensation for non monetary damages in connection with allegations that we unlawfully violated the privacy of our subscribers. The amount claimed from us, if the lawsuit is certified as class action is estimated by the plaintiffs to be NIS 15 billion.

In August 2015 a purported class action was filed against 013 Netvision Ltd., or Netvision, and three other defendants, alleging that another defendant unlawfully sold the other defendants, including Netvision, private data of its customers, which was used by the other defendants to approach such customers with commercial proposals. The amount claimed from each of the defendants allegedly purchasing the data, including Netvision, if the lawsuit is certified as a class action, was estimated by the plaintiff to be NIS 1000 for each customer whose private data it allegedly purchased and/or each approach made to such

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customers, the total of which was assessed by the plaintiff to be approximately 1.5 million customers.

In December 2015, a purported class action was filed against us and two other Israeli cellular operators, alleging that the defendants unlawfully offer cellular pre-paid calling cards for very high prices by allegedly coordinating such prices. The total amount claimed from all defendants, including us, if the lawsuit is certified as a class action, was estimated by the plaintiffs to be approximately NIS 13 billion (out of which, based on the data specified in the lawsuit by the plaintiff, an estimated amount of approximately NIS 6.7 billion is claimed from us).

Class actions

In November 2013, the District Court of Central Region approved a request to certify a lawsuit filed against us in September 2011 as a class action, relating to an allegation that we breached the agreements with our subscribers by failing to provide them with the full rebates they are entitled to under their agreements. The total amount claimed was estimated by the plaintiff to be approximately NIS 15 million.

In July 2014, the Court dismissed the motion to certify two class actions filed against us in May 2010 and June 2011 with prejudice except in respect of three issues that were detailed in settlements of similar class action claims made against Pelephone and Partner and approved by the court, which the Company was willing to adopt as well. These three issues relate to the cellular operators undertaking to provide certain information regarding non-ionizing radiation, sell certain accessories at a discount and conduct certain tests to handsets at certain circumstances. We estimate the settlement's costs to be immaterial. In October 2014, the plaintiffs filed an appeal in respect of the settlements approved by court with Pelephone and Partner, inter alia, with respect to the tests to be conducted as aforesaid. The purported class actions were filed against us in connection with allegations that we unlawfully build and operate our network and sell handsets and related equipment, including in relation to alleged hazards relating to non-ionizing radiation emitted from cell sites and end-user equipment in amounts estimated by the plaintiffs to be from approximately NIS 1 billion to approximately NIS 3.7 billion, had the lawsuits been certified as class actions, as filed.

Dividend Policy

In February 2006, our board of directors adopted a dividend policy to distribute each year at least 75% of our annual net income determined (in accordance with IFRS for periods commencing on or after January 1, 2008), subject to applicable law, our license and our contractual obligations and provided that such distribution would not be detrimental to our cash needs or to any plans approved by our Board of Directors. In March 2007, our Board of Directors resolved to distribute dividends within the boundaries of the February 2006 dividend policy and until resolved otherwise, on a quarterly basis. Our series F through I debentures and our other credit facilities include additional limitations, including a covenant not to distribute more than 95% of the profits available for distribution according to the applicable Israeli law ("Profits"), provided that if net leverage (defined as the ratio of net debt to EBITDA over four consecutive quarters) exceeds 3.5:1, we will not distribute more than 85% of the Profits and if net leverage exceeds 4.0:1, we will not distribute more than 70% of the Profits. See "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - B. Liquidity and Capital Resources - Debt Service" and "-Other Credit Facilities". Our Board of Directors will

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consider, among other factors, our expected results of operation, including changes in pricing, regulation and competition, planned capital expenditure for technological upgrades, financing the purchase of Golan, which will require raising additional equity and debt (see details under "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Agreement for the Purchase of Golan" (and changes in debt service needs, including due to changes in interest rates or currency exchange rates, as well as our debentures' rating, in order to conclude whether there is no reasonable concern that a distribution of dividends will prevent us from satisfying our existing and foreseeable obligations as they become due. Dividend payments are not guaranteed and our Board of Directors may decide, in its absolute discretion, at any time and for any reason, not to pay dividends or to pay dividends at a ratio to net income that is less than that paid in the past. For example, our Board of Directors may determine not to distribute dividends in order to strengthen our balance sheet, that market conditions are uncertain or that our cash needs for debt service, capital expenditures or operations require that we do not pay dividends when considered. Accordingly, shareholders should not expect that any particular amount or at all will be distributed by us as dividends at any time, even if we have previously made dividend payments in such amount.

Our ability to pay dividends is subject to the following limitations under Israeli law: (1) dividends may only be paid out of cumulative retained earnings or out of retained earnings over the prior two years, provided that there is no reasonable concern that the payment of the dividend will prevent us from satisfying our existing and foreseeable obligations as they become due; and (2) our license requires that we and our 10% or more shareholders maintain at least $200 million of combined shareholders’ equity. Our shareholders’ equity on December 31, 2015 was over $ 200 million.

When we declare dividends, we do so in NIS and convert them for payment in US$ (where applicable) based upon the daily representative rate of exchange as published by the Bank of Israel prior to the distribution date.

During 2013, we distributed a dividend in the amount of approximately NIS 85 million ($22 million) for the third quarter of 2013 only, based on our retained earnings. Our Board of Directors chose not to declare dividends for the first, second, and fourth quarters, for the above reasons. In 2014 and 2015 our Board of Directors chose not to declare dividends for the above reasons.

SIGNIFICANT CHANGES

No significant change has occurred since December 31, 2014, except as otherwise disclosed in this annual report.

ITEM 9. THE OFFER AND LISTING

OFFER AND LISTING DETAILS

Trading in Israel

Our ordinary shares have traded on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange, or the TASE, under the symbol CEL since July 1, 2007. Our ordinary shares do not trade on any other trading market in Israel.

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The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the reported high and low prices in NIS for our ordinary shares on the TASE, as retroactively adjusted by the TASE to reflect the payment of dividends.

	High	Low
	NIS	NIS
Annually

2011	97.4	54.7
2012	58.0	19.8
2013	49.3	26.3
2014	48.5	33.5
2015	32.7	13.9

Quarterly
2014
First Quarter	48.5	42.2
Second Quarter	48.4	41.9
Third Quarter	44.2	39.5
Fourth Quarter	41.7	33.5
2015
First Quarter	32.7	19.2
Second Quarter	20.2	14.5
Third Quarter	27.6	13.9
Fourth Quarter	30.7	23.6

Monthly
2015
September	27.3	24.6
October	30.6	23.6
November	30.7	27.5
December	28.2	24.2
2016
January	19.2	16.6
February	18.5	16.8

On March 17, 2016, the closing price per share of our ordinary shares on the TASE was NIS 25.55.

Trading in the United States

Our ordinary shares have traded on the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE, under the symbol CEL since February 7, 2007.

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low prices in $ for our ordinary shares on the NYSE, as retroactively adjusted by the NYSE to reflect the payment of dividends.

	High $	Low $
Annually

2011	28.2	14.7
2012	15.4	5.1
2013	14.1	7.1

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2014	14.0	8.5
2015	8.4	3.6
Quarterly
2014
First Quarter	13.9	11.7
Second Quarter	14.0	12.1
Third Quarter	12.4	11.0
Fourth Quarter	11.2	8.5
2015
First Quarter	8.4	4.8
Second Quarter	5.2	3.8
Third Quarter	7.2	3.6
Fourth Quarter	8.1	5.8

Monthly
2015
September	8.4	4.8
October	5.2	3.8
November	7.2	3.6
December	8.1	5.8
2016
January	6.9	6.1
February	6.5	5.8

On March 18, 2016, the closing price per share of our ordinary shares on the NSYE was $6.58.

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

Not applicable.

MARKETS

Our ordinary shares are listed on the NYSE and TASE under the symbol "CEL."

SELLING SHAREHOLDERS

Not applicable.

DILUTION

Not applicable.

EXPENSES OF THE ISSUE

Not applicable.

ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

SHARE CAPITAL

Not applicable.

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MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION

Objects and Purposes

Our registration number with the Israeli registrar of companies is 51-1930125. Our object is to engage, directly or indirectly, in any lawful undertaking or business whatsoever as determined by our Board of Directors, including, without limitation, as stipulated in our memorandum of association.

Transfer of Shares

Fully paid ordinary shares are issued in registered form and may be freely transferred unless the transfer is restricted or prohibited by our articles of association, applicable law, our licenses, the rules of the SEC or the rules of a stock exchange on which the shares are traded. The ownership or voting of ordinary shares by non-residents of Israel is not restricted in any way by our articles of association or the laws of the State of Israel, except for ownership by nationals of some countries that are, or have been, in a state of war with Israel.

According to our licenses, investors are prohibited from acquiring (alone or together with relatives or with other parties who collaborate on a regular basis) or transferring our shares, directly or indirectly (including by way of creating a pledge which if foreclosed, will result in the transfer of shares), in one transaction or a series of transactions, if such acquisition or transfer will result in a holding or transfer of 10% or more of any of our means of control, or from transferring any of our means of control if as a result of such transfer, control over our company will be transferred from one party to another, without the prior approval of the Ministry of Communications. Our specific licenses also require approval of the Minister of Communications before acquiring the ability to effect a significant influence over us. In this context, holding 25% of our means of control is presumed to confer significant influence. In addition, according to our licenses, if you hold more than 5% of our means of control, you may not hold, directly or indirectly, more than 5% of the means of control in Bezeq or another cellular operator in Israel (subject to certain exceptions) and may not serve as an office holder of one of our competitors, other than in specific circumstances and subject to the approval of the Ministry of Communications. For more details relating to these restrictions, please see "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Government Regulations - Our Principal License" and our principal license, a convenience translation of which has been filed with the SEC. See "Item 19 – Exhibits". The holding and transfer restrictions under our licenses are posted on our website at www.cellcom.co.il under "Investor Relations – Corporate Governance –Legal and Corporate."

Voting

Holders of our ordinary shares have one vote for each ordinary share held on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders at a shareholder meeting. Shareholders may vote at shareholder meetings either in person, by proxy or by written ballot. Shareholder voting rights may be affected by the grant of special voting rights to the holders of a class of shares with preferential rights that may be authorized in the future. The Companies Law provides that a shareholder, in exercising his or her rights and performing his or her obligations toward the company and its other shareholders, must act in good faith and in a customary manner, and avoid abusing his or her power. This is required when voting at general meetings on matters such as changes to the articles of association, increasing the company’s registered capital, mergers and approval of related party transactions. A shareholder also has a general

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duty to refrain from depriving any other shareholder of their rights as a shareholder. In addition, any controlling shareholder, any shareholder who knows that its vote can determine the outcome of a shareholder vote and any shareholder who, under the company’s articles of association, can appoint or prevent the appointment of an office holder, is required to act with fairness towards the company. The Companies Law does not describe the substance of this duty, except to state that the remedies generally available upon a breach of contract will apply also in the event of a breach of the duty to act with fairness, and this duty is the subject of ongoing judicial interpretation. As required under our license, our articles of association provide that any holdings of our ordinary shares that contravene the holding or transfer restrictions contained in our license, which are summarized under "—Transfer of Shares" and "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview - Government Regulations—Our Principal License," will not be entitled to voting rights. In addition, our license requires that as a condition to voting at any meeting of shareholders, in person or by proxy, each shareholder must certify that its holdings of our shares do not contravene the restrictions contained in our license.

Election of Directors

Our ordinary shares do not have cumulative voting rights for the election of directors. Rather, under our articles of association our directors (other than external directors and directors appointed by Israeli citizens and residents from among our founding shareholders) are elected at a shareholders meeting by a simple majority of our ordinary shares. As a result, the holders of our ordinary shares that represent more than 50% of the voting power represented at a shareholders meeting, have the power to elect any or all of our directors whose positions are being filled at that meeting, subject to the special approval requirements for external directors described under "Item 6.A – Directors and Senior Management—External Directors" and the right of DIC to directly appoint 20% of our directors described under "Item 6.A – Directors and Senior Management—Israeli Appointed Directors." Directors may also be appointed for office by our Board of Directors until the next annual general meeting of shareholders.

Dividend and Liquidation Rights

Our board of directors may declare a dividend to be paid to the holders of ordinary shares on a pro rata basis. Dividends may only be paid out of our profits and other surplus funds, as defined in the Companies Law, as of our most recent financial statement or as accrued over the past two years, whichever is higher, or, in the absence of such profits or surplus, with court approval. In any event, a dividend is permitted only if there is no reasonable concern that the payment of the dividend will prevent us from satisfying our existing and foreseeable obligations as they become due. In the event of our liquidation, after satisfaction of liabilities to creditors, our assets will be distributed to the holders of ordinary shares on a pro rata basis. This right may be affected by the grant of preferential dividend or distribution rights to the holders of a class of shares with preferential rights that may be authorized in the future. For a description of a covenant we undertook in connection with our series F through I debentures, in regards to our dividend distributions under certain circumstances see "Item 8. Financial Information – A. Statements and Other Financial Information - Dividend Policy" and "- B. Liquidity and Capital Resources – Debt Service" and "- Other Credit Facilities".

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Shareholders Meetings

We are required to convene an annual general meeting of our shareholders once every calendar year within a period of not more than 15 months following the preceding annual general meeting. Our board of directors is required to convene a special general meeting of our shareholders at the request of two directors or one quarter of the members of our Board of Directors or at the request of one or more holders of 5% or more of our share capital and 1% of our voting power or the holder or holders of 5% or more of our voting power. All shareholders meetings require prior notice of at least 21 days, or up to 35 days if required by applicable law or regulation. We provide at least 40 day advance written notice, in accordance with the NYSE’s rules. The chairperson of our Board of Directors presides over our general meetings. Subject to the provisions of the Companies Law and the regulations promulgated thereunder, shareholders entitled to participate and vote at general meetings are the shareholders of record on a date to be decided by the board of directors, which may be between four and 40 days prior to the date of the meeting.

Quorum

Our articles of association provide that the quorum required for any meeting of shareholders shall consist of at least two shareholders present, in person or by proxy or written ballot, who hold or represent between them at least one-third of the voting power of our issued share capital. A meeting adjourned for lack of a quorum generally is adjourned to the same day in the following week at the same time and place or, if not set forth in the notice to shareholders, to a time and place set by the chairperson of the meeting with the consent of the holders of a majority of the voting power represented at the meeting and voting on the question of adjournment. At the reconvened meeting, the required quorum consists of at least two shareholders present, in person or by proxy or written ballot, unless the meeting was called pursuant to a request by our shareholders in which case the quorum required is the number of shareholders required to call the meeting as described under "—Shareholder Meetings."

Resolutions

An ordinary resolution at a shareholders meeting requires approval by a simple majority of the voting rights represented at the meeting, in person, by proxy or written ballot, and voting on the resolution. Under the Companies Law, unless otherwise provided in the articles of association or applicable law, all resolutions of the shareholders require a simple majority. A resolution for the voluntary winding up of the company requires the approval by holders of 75% of the voting rights represented at the meeting, in person or by proxy or written ballot, and voting on the resolution.

Modification of Class Rights

The rights attached to any class, such as voting, liquidation and dividend rights, may be amended by written consent of holders of a majority of the issued shares of that class, or by adoption of a resolution by a simple majority of the shares of that class represented at a separate class meeting.

Indemnification of Directors and Officers

Under the Companies Law, an Israeli company may not exempt an office holder from liability for breach of his duty of loyalty, but may exempt in advance an office holder from

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liability to the company, in whole or in part, for a breach of his or her duty of care (except in connection with distributions), provided the articles of association of the company allow it to do so. Our articles of association allow us to do so.

Our articles of association provide that, subject to the provisions of the Companies Law, we may enter into a contract for insurance against liability of any of our office holders with respect to each of the following:

a breach of his or her duty of care to us or to another person;

a breach of his or her duty of loyalty to us, provided that the office holder acted in good faith and had reasonable grounds to assume that his or her act would not prejudice our interests;

a financial liability imposed upon him or her in favor of another person concerning an act performed in the capacity as an office holder.

reasonable litigation expenses, including attorney fees, incurred by the office holder as a result of an administrative enforcement proceeding instituted against him, including a payment imposed on the office holder in favor of an injured party as set forth in the Israeli Securities Law and expenses that the office holder incurred in connection with a relevant proceeding under the Securities Law, including reasonable legal expenses, which term includes attorney fees.

We maintain a liability insurance policy for the benefit of our officers and directors. See details under "Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees - B. Compensation – Compensation Policy – Indemnification."

Our articles of association provide that we may indemnify an office holder against:

a financial liability imposed on or incurred by an office holder in favor of another person by any judgment, including a settlement or an arbitrator’s award approved by a court concerning an act performed in his or her capacity as an office holder. Such indemnification may be approved (i) after the liability has been incurred or (ii) in advance, provided that the undertaking is limited to types of events which our Board of Directors deems to be foreseeable in light of our actual operations at the time of the undertaking and limited to an amount or criterion determined by our Board of Directors to be reasonable under the circumstances, and further provided that such events and amounts or criteria are set forth in the undertaking to indemnify;

reasonable litigation expenses, including attorney’s fees, incurred by the office holder as a result of an investigation or proceeding instituted against him or her by a competent authority, provided that such investigation or proceeding was concluded without the filing of an indictment against him or her and either (A) concluded without the imposition of any financial liability in lieu of criminal proceedings or (B) concluded with the imposition of a financial liability in lieu of criminal proceedings but relates to a criminal offense that does not require proof of criminal intent; or in connection with an administrative enforcement proceeding or a financial sanction, including a

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payment imposed on the office holder in favor of an injured party as set forth in the Israeli Securities Law, 1968, as amended (the "Securities Law"), and expenses that the office holder incurred in connection with a relevant proceeding under the Securities Law, including reasonable legal expenses, which term includes attorney fees; and

reasonable litigation expenses, including attorneys’ fees, incurred by the office holder or charged to him or her by a court, in proceedings instituted by us or on our behalf or by another person, or in a criminal indictment from which he or she was acquitted, or a criminal indictment in which he or she was convicted for a criminal offense that does not require proof of intent, in each case relating to an act performed in his or her capacity as an office holder.

We have undertaken to indemnify our directors, officers and certain other employees for certain events listed in the indemnification letters given to them. In respect of office holders whom our controlling shareholders have a personal interest in their receiving indemnification letters from us, such indemnification was approved for a period of three years from our annual shareholder meeting held on July 2011 and in 2014 was extended by our audit committee and board of directors for a three year period until 2017, according to regulations promulgated under the Israeli Companies Law. Excluding reasonable litigation expenses, as described above, the aggregate amount payable to all directors and officers and other employees who may have been or will be given such indemnification letters is limited to the amounts we receive from our insurance policy plus 30% of our shareholders’ equity as of December 31, 2001, or NIS 486 million, and to be adjusted by the Israeli CPI.

The Companies Law provides that a company may not exempt or indemnify an office holder, or enter into an insurance contract, which would provide coverage for any monetary liability incurred as a result of any of the following:

a breach by the office holder of his or her duty of loyalty unless, with respect to insurance coverage or indemnification, the office holder acted in good faith and had a reasonable basis to believe that the act would not prejudice the company;

a breach by the office holder of his or her duty of care if the breach was done intentionally or recklessly;

any act or omission done with the intent to derive an illegal personal benefit; or

any fine or penalty levied against the office holder.

Any exemption of, indemnification of, or procurement of insurance coverage for, our office holders must be approved according to the procedures required for the approval of compensation under "Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employment – C. Board Practices - Approval Of Specified Related Party Transactions Under Israeli Law - Compensation Arrangements".

Mergers and Acquisitions under Israeli Law

The Companies Law requires that each company that is a party to a merger have the transaction approved by its board of directors and a vote of the majority of its shares at a

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shareholders meeting. For purposes of the shareholder vote, unless a court rules otherwise, the merger will not be deemed approved if a majority of the shares represented at the shareholders meeting that are held by parties other than the other party to the merger, or by any person who holds 25% or more of the shares or the right to appoint 25% or more of the directors of the other party, vote against the merger. Upon the request of a creditor of either party of the proposed merger, the court may delay or prevent the merger if it concludes that there exists a reasonable concern that as a result of the merger, the surviving company will be unable to satisfy the obligations of any of the parties to the merger. In addition, a merger may not be completed unless at least (i) 50 days have passed from the time that the requisite proposal for the merger has been filed by each party with the Israeli Registrar of Companies and (ii) 30 days have passed since the merger was approved by the shareholders of each party.

The Companies Law also provides that an acquisition of shares of a public company must be made by means of a special tender offer if as a result of the acquisition the purchaser would become a 25% or greater shareholder of the company and there is no existing 25% or greater shareholder in the company. An acquisition of shares of a public company must also be made by means of a tender offer if as a result of the acquisition the purchaser would become a 45% or greater shareholder of the company and there is no existing 45% or greater shareholder in the company. These requirements do not apply if the (i) acquisition occurs in the context of a private placement by the company that received shareholder approval, (ii) the purchase of shares is from a 25% shareholder of the company and results in the acquirer becoming a 25% shareholder of the company or (iii) the purchase of shares is from a 45% shareholder of the company and results in the acquirer becoming a 45% shareholder of the company. The special tender offer must be extended to all shareholders but the offeror is not required to purchase shares representing more than 5% of the voting power attached to the company’s outstanding shares, regardless of how many shares are tendered by shareholders. The special tender offer may be consummated only if (i) at least 5% of the voting power attached to the company’s outstanding shares will be acquired by the offeror and (ii) the number of shares tendered in the offer exceeds the number of shares whose holders objected to the offer.

If, as a result of an acquisition of shares, the acquirer will hold more than 90% of a company’s outstanding shares, the acquisition must be made by means of a tender offer for all of the outstanding shares. If less than 5% of the outstanding shares are not tendered in the tender offer, all the shares that the acquirer offered to purchase will be transferred to it. The law provides for appraisal rights if any shareholder files a request in court within six months following the consummation of a full tender offer, but the acquirer may stipulate that any shareholder tendering his shares will not be entitled to appraisal rights. If more than 5% of the outstanding shares are not tendered in the tender offer, then the acquirer may not acquire shares in the tender offer that will cause his shareholding to exceed 90% of the outstanding shares.

Furthermore, Israeli tax considerations may make potential transactions unappealing to us or to our shareholders who are not exempt from Israeli income tax under Israeli law or an applicable tax treaty. For example, Israeli tax law does not recognize tax-free share exchanges to the same extent as U.S. tax law. With respect to mergers, Israeli tax law allows for tax deferral in certain circumstances but makes the deferral contingent on the fulfillment of numerous conditions, including a holding period of two years from the date of the transaction during which sales and dispositions of shares of the participating companies by

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certain shareholders are restricted. Moreover, with respect to certain share swap transactions, the tax deferral is limited in time, and when such time expires, tax then becomes payable even if no actual disposition of the shares has occurred. For information regarding Israeli tax on the sale of our shares, please see "Item 10.E - Taxation—Israeli Tax Considerations—Capital Gains Tax on Sales of Our Ordinary Shares."

Anti-Takeover Measures under Israeli Law

The Companies Law allows us to create and issue shares having rights different from those attached to our ordinary shares, including shares providing certain preferred or additional rights to voting, distributions or other matters and shares having preemptive rights. We do not have any authorized or issued shares other than ordinary shares. In the future, if we do create and issue a class of shares other than ordinary shares, such class of shares, depending on the specific rights that may be attached to them, may delay or prevent a takeover or otherwise prevent our shareholders from realizing a potential premium over the market value of their ordinary shares. The authorization of a new class of shares will require an amendment to our articles of association and to our memorandum, which requires the prior approval of a simple majority of our shares represented and voting at a shareholders meeting. Our articles of association provide that our Board of Directors may, at any time in its sole discretion, adopt protective measures to prevent or delay a coercive takeover of us, including, without limitation, the adoption of a shareholder rights plan.

MATERIAL CONTRACTS

For a description of our material suppliers, see "Item 4. Information on the Company – A. History and Development of the Company – Acquisition of Netvision Ltd. during 2011", "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Agreement for the Purchase of Golan", "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Customer Care", "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Cellular Services and Products" and "-Landline services" and "Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Netvision."

For a description of our debt agreements, see "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects – B. Liquidity and Capital Resources – Debt Service" and "- Other Credit Facilities".

Registration Rights Agreement

Upon the sale of shares by DIC to Goldman Sachs International on March 15, 2006, we entered into a registration rights agreement with Goldman Sachs International, DIC and two other shareholders who are subsidiaries of DIC (one of whom ceased to exist in 2011) on customary terms and conditions. Upon the subsequent sales of shares by DIC to financial investors in 2006, these shareholders also joined the registration rights agreement. We refer to DIC, its two subsidiaries and the additional shareholders who are parties to the registration rights agreement as the registration rights holders. The shares eligible for registration under the agreement are ordinary shares held by the registration rights holders as of the respective dates they entered into the registration rights agreement and any additional ordinary shares such holders may thereafter acquire, so long as they are held by a registration rights holder or a "permitted transferee" (a person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with such registration rights holder) thereof. As of December 31, 2015, 42,020,582 ordinary shares, held by DIC directly and through its wholly-owned subsidiary,

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are entitled to registration rights as well as any additional shares still held, if held, by the other shareholders who joined the agreement.

Commencing August 9, 2008, the registration rights holders are entitled to one demand registration per 12-month period, so long as such request is initiated by registration rights holders of at least 3.25% of the then outstanding registrable securities and the demand refers to a minimum of 3% of our then outstanding share capital, subject to customary deferral rights. In addition, in connection with any public offerings that we initiate in the future, if we propose to register any of our securities for our own account or for the account of any of our shareholders other than in a demand registration or in a registration relating solely to an incentive plan, the registration rights holders have piggyback rights to include their shares subject to customary underwriters’ cutback rights. In the case of a cut back, each registration rights holder that is not a member of the IDB group will be entitled to register registrable shares in an amount equal to its percentage holding of the aggregate number of registrable shares held by all registration rights holders wishing to participate in such registration, or, if such registration rights holder then holds more than 20% of its holdings as of the date it signed the registration rights agreement, registrable shares in an amount equal to twice its percentage holding of the aggregate number of registrable shares held by all registration rights holders wishing to participate in such registration. Members of the IDB group will be entitled to register a number of registrable shares equal to the aggregate number of registrable shares to be included in the registration, less the registrable shares of all the other registration rights holders being registered pursuant to the foregoing calculation.

All registration rights terminate, with respect to any individual registration rights holder, at such time as all registrable shares of such holder may be sold without registration pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act during any three-month period. We are required to pay all expenses incurred in carrying out the above registrations, as well as the reasonable fees and expenses of one legal counsel for the selling registration rights holders, except for underwriter discounts and commissions with respect to the shares of such holders. The agreement provides for customary indemnification and contribution provisions. Our initial public offering on February 2007 was effected in accordance with the registration rights agreement, except that the selling shareholders agreed to bear the expenses of the offering.

EXCHANGE CONTROLS

There are currently no Israeli currency control restrictions on payments of dividends or other distributions with respect to our ordinary shares or the proceeds from the sale of the shares, except for the obligation of Israeli residents to file reports with the Bank of Israel regarding certain transactions. However, legislation remains in effect pursuant to which currency controls can be imposed by administrative action at any time.

TAXATION

U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations

The following is a general discussion of certain material U.S. federal income tax consequences to the U.S. holders described below of ownership and disposition of the Company’s shares. This discussion does not purport to be a comprehensive description of all of the tax considerations that may be relevant to a U.S. holder in light of the U.S. holder’s particular circumstances and does not address U.S. state, local and non-U.S. tax

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consequences. This discussion does not address the potential application of the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, known as the Medicare contribution tax or any alternative minimum tax consequences. The discussion applies only to U.S. holders that hold the Company's shares as capital assets for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and it does not describe all of the tax consequences that may be relevant to U.S. holders subject to special rules, such as certain financial institutions, insurance companies, dealers or traders in securities or foreign currencies, persons holding the shares as part of a hedge, straddle, conversion transaction or other integrated transaction, persons whose functional currency for U.S. federal income tax purposes is not the U.S. dollar, partnerships or other entities classified as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes, tax-exempt organizations, shareholders that own or are deemed to own 10% or more of the Company’s voting power, or shareholders that own our shares in connection with a trade or business conducted outside of the United States.

This discussion is based on the Code, administrative pronouncements, judicial decisions, final, temporary and proposed Treasury regulations and the U.S.-Israel income tax treaty, all as of the date hereof. These laws are subject to change, possibly on a retroactive basis. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal, state, local and foreign tax consequences of purchasing, owning and disposing of the Company's shares in light of their particular circumstances.

The discussion below applies only to U.S. holders. As used herein, a "U.S. holder" is a person that is for U.S. federal income tax purposes, a beneficial owner of the Company’s shares that is either:

a citizen or resident of the United States;

a corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or any political subdivision thereof; or

an estate or trust the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source.

If an entity that is classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes owns Company's shares, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a partner will generally depend on the status of the partner and upon the activities of the entity. Such entities and their partners or members should consult their tax advisors regarding the tax consequences of ownership of the Company’s shares.

Except as described below, this discussion assumes that the Company is not a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for any taxable year.

Taxation of Distributions

Distributions paid on the Company’s shares, other than certain pro rata distributions of ordinary shares, will be treated as dividends to the extent paid out of current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles). Since the Company does not maintain calculations of its earnings and profits under U.S. federal income tax principles, U.S. holders will generally be required to treat such distributions as taxable dividends and include them in income on the date of receipt. Subject to applicable limitations, dividends paid to certain non-corporate U.S. holders will be taxable at favorable rates applicable to long-term capital gains. The dividend income will include

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any amounts withheld by the Company or its paying agent in respect of Israeli taxes. The dividend will be treated as foreign-source income and will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction generally allowed to U.S. corporations under the Code.

Dividends paid in NIS will be included in a U.S. holder’s income in a U.S. dollar amount calculated by reference to the exchange rate in effect on the date of receipt of the dividend, regardless of whether the payment is in fact converted into U.S. dollars. If the dividend is converted into U.S. dollars on the date of receipt, a U.S. holder generally should not be required to recognize foreign currency gain or loss in respect of the dividend income. A U.S. holder may have foreign currency gain or loss if the dividend is converted into U.S. dollars after the date of receipt. Such gain or loss would generally be treated as U.S.-source ordinary income or loss.

Subject to applicable limitations that vary depending upon a U.S. holder’s particular circumstances, Israeli taxes withheld from dividends at a rate not exceeding any applicable rate provided by the U.S.-Israel income tax treaty may be creditable against the U.S. holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability. The limitation on foreign taxes credit is calculated separately with respect to specific classes of income. Instead of claiming a credit, a U.S. holder may, at the U.S. holder’s election, deduct the otherwise creditable foreign taxes in computing the taxable income for the year, subject to generally applicable limitations under U.S. law. An election to deduct foreign taxes instead of claiming foreign tax credits applies to all foreign taxes paid or accrued in the taxable year. The rules governing foreign tax credits are complex and U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the availability of foreign tax credits and the deductibility of foreign taxes in their particular circumstances.

Sale and Other Disposition of the Company’s Shares

Gain or loss realized on the sale or other disposition of the Company's shares will be capital gain or loss, and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. holder held the shares for more than one year. The amount of gain or loss will be equal to the difference between the U.S. holder's tax basis in the shares disposed of and the amount realized on the disposition, in each case as determined in U.S. dollars. Such gain or loss will generally be U.S.-source gain or loss for foreign tax credit purposes. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.

Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules

The Company believes that it was not a PFIC for the taxable year of 2015. However, since PFIC status depends upon the composition of a company’s income and assets and the market value of its assets from time to time, there can be no assurance that the Company will not be a PFIC for any taxable year. If the Company were a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. holder owned a share in the Company, certain adverse consequences could apply to the U.S. holder. Specifically, gain recognized by a U.S. holder on a sale or other disposition of a share would be allocated ratably over the U.S. holder’s holding period for the share. The amounts allocated to the taxable year of the sale or other disposition and to any year before the Company became a PFIC would be taxed as ordinary income. The amount allocated to each other taxable year would be subject to tax at the highest rate in effect for individuals or corporations, as appropriate, for that taxable year, and an interest charge would be imposed on the resulting tax liability. Further, any distribution in excess of 125% of the average of the annual distributions received by the U.S. holder on the Company's shares during the preceding three years or the U.S. holder’s holding period, whichever is shorter,

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would be subject to taxation as described immediately above. Certain elections (such as a mark-to-market election) may be available to U.S. holders and may result in alternative tax treatment. In addition, if the Company were a PFIC for a taxable year in which we pay a dividend or the prior taxable year, the favorable dividend rates discussed above with respect to dividends paid to certain non-corporate holders would not apply. If the Company were a PFIC for any taxable year in which a U.S. holder owned the Company’s shares, the U.S. holder would generally be required to file annual returns with the Internal Revenue Service, or the IRS, on IRS Form 8621.

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

Payment of dividends and sales proceeds that are made within the United States or through certain U.S.-related financial intermediaries may be subject to information reporting and backup withholding unless (i) the U.S. holder is a corporation or other exempt recipient or (ii) in the case of backup withholding, the U.S. holder provides a correct taxpayer identification number and certifies that the U.S. holder is not subject to backup withholding. The amount of any backup withholding from a payment to a U.S. holder will be allowed as a credit against the U.S. holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability and may entitle the U.S. holder to a refund, provided that the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.

Certain U.S. holders who are individuals and certain entities controlled by individuals may be required to report on IRS Form 8938 information relating to their holdings of the Company's shares, subject to certain exceptions (including an exception for securities held in accounts maintained by U.S. financial institutions). U.S. holders should consult their tax advisers regarding the application of these rules in the U.S. holders' particular circumstances.

Israeli Tax Considerations

The following is a discussion of certain material Israeli tax consequences to purchasers of our ordinary shares. The discussion also contains a description of certain relevant material provisions of the current Israeli income tax system applicable to companies in Israel, with special reference to its effect on us. To the extent that the discussion is based on new tax legislation that has not been subject to judicial or administrative interpretation, we cannot assure you that the appropriate tax authorities or the courts will accept the views expressed in this discussion.

This discussion applies to shareholders that hold our ordinary shares as capital assets and does not address all of the tax consequences that may be relevant to holders of our ordinary shares in light of their particular circumstances or certain types of holders of our ordinary shares subject to special tax treatment. Because individual circumstances may differ, shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of the rules discussed below to them, including the application of Israeli or other tax laws. The discussion below is not intended, and should not be construed, as legal or professional tax advice and is not exhaustive of all possible tax considerations.

Taxation of Israeli Companies

General Corporate Tax Structure

Generally, Israeli companies were subject to corporate tax at the rate of 26.5% for the 2015 tax year. On January 5, 2016, the Israeli Parliament approved the reduction of the

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corporate tax rate to 25.0%, starting from January 1, 2016. Israeli companies are generally subject to capital gains tax at the corporate tax rate.

Amendment No. 174 to the Income Tax Ordinance, enacted in January 2010, provides that Israeli Accounting Standard No. 29 will not apply with respect to the tax years 2007, 2008 and 2009, and as a result the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) will not apply for purposes of determining taxable income for such tax years. In January 2012, Amendment No. 188 to the Income Tax Ordinance was enacted which provides that Israeli Accounting Standard No. 29 (and as a result IFRS) also will not apply with respect to the tax years 2010 and 2011. This provision was extended by Amendment No. 202 on July 30, 2014 and it applies to tax years 2012 and 2013 as well. The effect of this amendment on our consolidated financial statements, included elsewhere in this annual report, is not material.

Capital Gains Tax on Sales of Our Ordinary Shares

Israeli law generally imposes a capital gains tax on the sale of any capital assets by residents of Israel, as defined for Israeli tax purposes, and on the sale of assets located in Israel, including shares in Israeli resident companies, by non-residents of Israel, unless a specific exemption is available or unless a tax treaty between Israel and the shareholder’s country of residence provides otherwise. In calculating capital gain, the law distinguishes between real gain and inflationary surplus. The inflationary surplus is the portion of the total capital gain equal to the increase in the relevant asset’s value that is attributable to the increase in the Israeli CPI between the date of purchase and the date of sale. The real gain is the excess of the total capital gain over the inflationary surplus. A non-resident that invests in taxable assets with foreign currency, or any individual who holds securities the price of which is stated in foreign currency, may elect to calculate the amount of inflationary surplus in that foreign currency.

Taxation of Israeli Residents

The tax rate generally applicable to real capital gains derived from the sale of shares, whether listed on a stock market or not, is 25% for Israeli individuals, unless such shareholder claims a deduction for financing expenses in connection with such shares, in which case the gain will generally be taxed at a rate of 30%. Additionally, if such shareholder is considered a significant shareholder at any time during the 12-month period preceding such sale, the tax rate will be 30%. For this purpose, a significant shareholder is one that holds, directly or indirectly, including with others, at least 10% of certain means of control in a company.

Israeli companies are generally subject to the corporate tax rate (see above) on capital gains derived from the sale of shares listed on a stock market.

As of January 1, 2013, shareholders that are individuals who have taxable income that exceeds NIS 800,000 in a tax year (linked to the Israeli CPI each year) (NIS 810,720 in 2015), will be subject to an additional tax, referred to as High Income Tax, at the rate of 2% on their taxable income for such tax year which exceeds such threshold. For this purpose, taxable income will include taxable capital gains from the sale of our shares and taxable income from dividend distributions.

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Taxation of Non-Israeli Residents

Non-Israeli residents are generally exempt from Israeli capital gains tax on any gains derived from the sale of shares of Israeli companies publicly traded on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange or a recognized stock exchange outside of Israel (including the New York Stock Exchange), provided that such shareholders did not acquire their shares prior to the issuer’s initial public offering (in which case a partial exemption may be available) and that the gains were not derived from a permanent establishment maintained by such shareholders in Israel. Shareholders that do not engage in activity in Israel generally should not be subject to such tax. However, a non-Israeli corporation will not be entitled to the exemption from capital gains tax if Israeli residents (i) have a controlling interest of more than 25% in such non-Israeli corporation or (ii) are the beneficiaries of or are entitled to 25% or more of the revenues or profits of such non-Israeli corporation, whether directly or indirectly.

In addition, under the U.S.-Israel income tax treaty, the sale of our ordinary shares by a shareholder who qualifies as a resident of the United States within the meaning of the U.S.-Israel income tax treaty and who is entitled to claim the benefits afforded to such person by the U.S.-Israel income tax treaty, referred to as a treaty U.S. resident, and who holds its ordinary shares as a capital asset, is also exempt from Israeli capital gains tax unless either (i) the treaty U.S. resident holds, directly or indirectly, shares representing 10% or more of our voting power during any part of the 12-month period preceding such sale or (ii) the capital gains arising from such sale are attributable to a permanent establishment of the treaty U.S. resident that is located in Israel. However, under the U.S.-Israel income tax treaty, a treaty U.S. resident would be permitted to claim a credit for taxes paid in Israel against the U.S. federal income tax imposed on the sale, subject to the limitations in U.S. laws applicable to foreign tax credits. The U.S.-Israel income tax treaty does not relate to U.S. state or local taxes.

Taxation of Dividends Paid on Our Ordinary Shares

Taxation of Israeli Residents

Individuals who are Israeli residents are generally subject to Israeli income tax on the receipt of dividends paid on our ordinary shares at the rate of 25%, unless the recipient is a significant shareholder (as defined above) at any time during the 12-month period preceding the distribution, in which case the applicable tax rate is 30%. The company distributing the dividend is required to withhold tax at the rate of 25% (a different rate may apply to dividends paid on shares deriving from the exercise of stock options or other equity-based awards granted as compensation to employees or office holders of the company). Companies which are Israeli residents are generally exempt from income tax on the receipt of dividends from another Israeli company, unless the source of such dividends is located outside of Israel, in which case tax will generally apply at a rate of 25%.

For information with respect to the applicability of Israeli High Income Tax on distributions of dividends, see "-Capital Gains Tax on Sales of Our Ordinary Shares - Taxation of Israeli Residents" above.

Taxation of Non-Israeli Residents

Non-residents of Israel are generally subject to Israeli income tax on the receipt of dividends paid on our ordinary shares at the rate of 25% unless the recipient is a significant shareholder at any time during the 12-month period preceding the distribution, in which case

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the applicable tax rate will be 30%. The company distributing the dividend is required to withhold tax at the source at the rate of 25%.

Under the U.S.-Israel income tax treaty, the maximum rate of tax withheld in Israel on dividends paid to a holder of our ordinary shares who is a treaty U.S. resident is 25%. The maximum rate of withholding tax on dividends that are paid in certain circumstances to a U.S. corporation holding 10% or more of our outstanding voting power throughout the tax year in which the dividend is distributed as well as the previous tax year, is 12.5%.

A non-resident of Israel who has dividend income derived from or accrued in Israel, from which tax was withheld at source, is generally exempt from the obligation to file tax returns in Israel in respect of such income, provided such income was not derived from a business conducted in Israel by such non-Israeli resident.

DIVIDENDS AND PAYING AGENTS

Not applicable.

STATEMENT BY EXPERTS

Not applicable.

DOCUMENTS ON DISPLAY

We are subject to the information reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, referred to as the Exchange Act, applicable to foreign private issuers. As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from certain rules and regulations under the Exchange Act prescribing the content of proxy statements, and our officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act, with respect to their purchase and sale of our ordinary shares. In addition, we are not required to file reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as U.S. companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act. However, we file annual reports with the SEC on Form 20-F containing financial statements audited by an independent accounting firm. We also furnish reports to the SEC on Form 6-K containing unaudited financial information for the first three quarters of each fiscal year and other material information, in accordance with the reporting requirements applicable to us as a dual listed company and as required due to our controlling shareholder's reporting obligations with respect to us. You may read and copy any document we file, including any exhibits, with the SEC without charge at the SEC's public reference room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Copies of such material may be obtained by mail from the Public Reference Branch of the SEC at such address, at prescribed rates. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference room. Substantially all of our SEC filings are also available to the public at the SEC's website at http://www.sec.gov and as of July 2007 also at the TASE's website at http://maya.tase.co.il and at the Israeli Securities Authority's website at http://www.magna.isa.gov.il.

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SUBSIDIARY INFORMATION

Not applicable.

ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

In the course of our normal operations, we are exposed to market risks including fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates and the Israeli CPI. We are exposed to currency risks primarily as a result of purchasing inventory and fixed assets mainly in U.S. dollars while almost all of our cash receipts are in NIS. A substantial amount of our cash payments are incurred in, or linked to foreign currencies. In particular, in 2014 and 2015, such payments represented approximately 20% and 24%, respectively, of total cash outflows (including payments of principal and interest on our debentures). Also, we are exposed to interest rate risks through our hedging instruments and to possible fluctuations in the Israeli CPI through our Series B , D, F and H debentures.

In order to protect ourselves from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, we have established a foreign currency hedging program. Under this program, we currently hedge part of our U.S. dollar liabilities, firm commitments and budgeted expenditures for the next 3 to 5 months using foreign currency forward exchange contracts and currency options. A foreign currency forward exchange contract is a contract whereby we agree to buy or sell a foreign currency at a predetermined exchange rate at a future date. A currency option is an option to buy or sell a foreign currency at a predetermined exchange rate at a future date. The exchange rate fluctuations that impact our foreign currency denominated financial liabilities, firm commitments and budgeted expenditures are intended to be offset by gains and losses on these hedging instruments.

The goal of our hedging program is to limit the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on our transactions denominated in U.S. dollars. We do not hold derivative financial instruments for trading purposes. Nevertheless, under IFRS, we are required to treat our hedges of budgeted expenditures for which there is no contractual commitment as though they were speculative investments. As a result, we are required to value these hedge positions at the end of each fiscal quarter and record a gain or loss equal to the difference in their market value from the last balance sheet date, without any reference to the change in value to the related budgeted expenditures. Accordingly, these differences could result in significant fluctuations in our reported net income.

As of December 31, 2015, we had four outstanding series of debentures, which are linked to the Israeli CPI, in an aggregate principal amount of approximately NIS 2.8 billion. As of December 31, 2015, we had forward Israeli CPI / NIS transactions, in a total amount of approximately NIS 1.2 billion, with an average maturity period of 15 months, in order to hedge our exposure to fluctuations in the Israeli CPI. We periodically review the possibility of entering into additional transactions in order to lower the exposure in respect of the debentures.

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Set forth below is the composition of the derivative financial instruments at the following dates:

	As of December 31,
	2013					2014					2015
	Par Value		Fair Value			Par Value		Fair Value			Par Value		Fair Value
	(In NIS millions)
Forward contracts on foreign currency exchange rate (mainly US$– NIS)		160		(7	)		19		-			98		1
Forward contracts on Israeli CPI rate		1,675		(22	)		1,925		(31	)		1,200		(32	)
Options on the foreign currency exchange rate (mainly US$– NIS)		231		1			97		1			137		-
Total		2,066		(28	)		2,041		(30	)		1,435		(31	)

Sensitivity information

Without taking into account our hedging instruments and based upon our debt outstanding as at December 31, 2015, fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, or the Israeli CPI would affect us as follows:

an increase of 0.1% of the Israeli CPI would result in an increase of approximately NIS 3.2 million in our financing expenses;

a devaluation of the NIS against the U.S. dollar of 1.0% would increase our financing expenses by approximately NIS 1.0 million.

ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES

Not applicable.

part ii

ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES

None.

ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Not applicable.

ITEM 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, after evaluating the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of December 31, 2015, have concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective and ensured that

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information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the SEC’s rules and forms.

Management Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over our financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) or 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the Company’s principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by the Company’s board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS and includes those policies and procedures that:

Pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company;

Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and

Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use of disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, as of December 31, 2015. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013).

Based on our assessment, management believes that as of December 31, 2015 our internal control over financial reporting is effective based on these criteria.

The effectiveness of management's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015 has been audited by the Company's independent registered public accounting firm, Somekh Chaikin, a member of KPMG International and their report as of March 14, 2016, herein expresses an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

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Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm

Our independent registered public accounting firm have issued an audit report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. This report is included in page F-3 of this Form 20-F.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this annual report that have materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

ITEM 16A. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT

Our board of directors has determined that Ms. Baytel qualifies as "audit committee financial expert" as defined in Item 16A of Form 20-F. Ms. Baytel qualifies as an independent director under the independence standards applicable to listed company audit committee members, pursuant to Rule 10A-3 under the Securities Exchange Act.

ITEM 16B. CODE OF ETHICS

Our Code of Ethics applies to all of our officers, directors and employees. We have posted a copy of our Code of Ethics on our website at www.cellcom.co.il under "Investor Relations – Corporate Governance – Legal and Corporate - Code of Ethics."

ITEM 16C. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

Somekh Chaikin, a member of KPMG International, has served as our independent registered public accounting firm for 2014 and 2015. These accountants billed the following fees to us for professional services in each of those fiscal years:

	2014		2015
	(NIS in thousands)
Audit Fees		2,575		2,400
Audit-Related Fees		85		170
Tax Fees		23		2
Total		2,683		2,572

"Audit Fees" are the aggregate fees billed for the audit of our annual financial statements. This category also includes services that generally the independent accountant provides, such as consents and assistance with and review of documents filed with the SEC. "Audit-Related Fees" are the aggregate fees billed for assurance and related services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit and are not reported under Audit Fees. These fees include mainly accounting consultations regarding the accounting treatment of matters that occur in the regular course of business, implications of new accounting pronouncements and other accounting issues that occur from time to time. "Tax Fees" are the aggregate fees billed for professional services rendered for tax compliance, tax advice, other than in connection with the audit. Tax compliance involves audit of original and amended tax returns, tax planning and tax advice.

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Our Audit Committee has adopted a pre-approval policy for the engagement of our independent accountant to perform certain audit and non-audit services. Pursuant to this policy, which is designed to assure that such engagements do not impair the independence of our auditors, the audit committee pre-approves annually a catalog of specific audit and non-audit services in the categories of audit service, audit-related service and tax services that may be performed by our independent accountants, and the maximum pre-approved fees that may be paid as compensation for each pre-approved service in those categories. Any proposed services exceeding the maximum pre-approved fees require specific approval by the Audit Committee.

The Audit Committee has delegated part of its pre-approval authority to the chairman of the Audit Committee, subject to ratification by the entire Audit Committee.

ITEM 16D. EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES

None.

ITEM 16E. PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS

None.

ITEM 16F. CHANGE IN REGISTRANT’S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT

None.

ITEM 16G. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The following are the significant ways in which our corporate governance practices differ from those followed by domestic companies under the listing standards of the NYSE:

Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee -Under Section 303A.04 of the LCM, a U.S. domestic listed company, other than a controlled company, must have a nominating/corporate governance committee composed entirely of independent directors. We do not have a nominating/corporate governance committee as we are not required to have such a committee under the Israeli Companies Law.

Compensation Committee - Under Section 303A.05 of the LCM, a U.S. domestic listed company, other than a controlled company, must have a compensation committee composed entirely of independent directors that operates pursuant to a written charter addressing its purpose, responsibilities and membership qualifications and may receive counseling from independent consultants, after evaluating their independence. We have a compensation committee whose purpose, responsibilities and membership qualifications are governed by the Israeli Companies Law. There are no specific independence evaluation requirements for outside counsel. Israeli Companies law requires our compensation committee to include a majority of external directors (who are also independent directors). Our compensation committee is currently composed entirely of independent directors.

Separate Meetings of Non-Management Directors - Under Section 303A.03 of the LCM, the non-management directors of each U.S. domestic listed company must meet at regularly scheduled executive sessions without management. We do not have a similar requirement

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under the Israeli Companies Law, and our independent directors do not meet separately from directors who are not independent, other than in the context of audit committee meetings.

Audit Committee - Under Section 303A.06 of the LCM, domestic listed companies are required to have an audit committee that complies with the requirements of Rule 10A-3 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934. Rule 10A-3 requires the audit committee of a U.S. company to be directly responsible for the appointment, compensation, retention and oversight of the work of any registered public accounting firm engaged for the purpose of preparing or issuing an audit report or performing other audit, review, or attest services, and that each such firm must report directly to the audit committee. However, Rule 10A-3 provides that foreign private issuers may comply with applicable home country law that (i) requires or permits shareholders to appoint the registered public accounting firm or (ii) prohibits the delegation of responsibility to the issuer’s audit committee without being in conflict with Rule 10A-3. Pursuant to the Israeli Companies Law, our registered public accounting firm is appointed by the shareholders at the annual meeting of shareholders. Our audit committee is responsible for recommending to the shareholders the appointment of our registered public accounting firm and to pre-approve the amounts to be paid to our registered public accounting firm. Pursuant to our audit committee charter, our audit committee is responsible for overseeing the work of our registered public accounting firm.

Equity Compensation Plans - Under Section 303A.08 of the LCM, shareholders must be given the opportunity to vote on all equity-compensation plans and material revisions thereto, with certain limited exemptions as described in the Rule. We follow the requirements of the Israeli Companies Law, under which approval of equity-compensation plans and material revisions thereto is within the authority of the board of directors. However, any compensation to directors or the chief executive officer, including equity based compensation, generally requires the approval of the compensation committee, the board of directors and the shareholders, in that order. The compensation of office holders is generally required to comply with a shareholder-approved compensation policy, which is required to include a monetary cap on the value of equity compensation that may be granted to any office holder. Our compensation policy complies with that requirement.

Corporate Governance Guidelines - Under Section 303A.09 of the LCM, domestic listed companies must adopt and disclose their corporate governance guidelines. We do not have a similar requirement under the Israeli Companies Law and therefore, other than as disclosed in this annual report on Form 20-F, we do not to disclose our corporate governance guidelines.

ITEM 16H. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE

Not applicable.

part iiI

ITEM 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

See Item 18.

ITEM 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

See pages F-1 through F-71 of this annual report.

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ITEM 19. EXHIBITS

Exhibit Number	Description

1.1	Updated Articles of Association and Memorandum of Association ^††††
2.1	Form of Ordinary Share Certificate^†
4.2	Series B Indenture dated December 21, 2005 and an addendum dated February 27, 2006 between Cellcom and Hermetic Trust (1975) Ltd.^†
4.4	Series D Indenture dated September 20, 2007, between Cellcom and Hermetic Trust (1975) Ltd.^††
4.5	Series E Indenture dated March 31, 2009, between Cellcom and Hermetic Trust (1975) Ltd.^†††
4.6	Shelf Prospectus Indenture dated July 14, 2011, between Cellcom and Hermetic Trust (1975) Ltd. ^††††
4.7	Shelf Prospectus Indenture dated March 7, 2012, between Cellcom and Strauss Lazar Trust Company (1992) Ltd.^††††
4.7.1	Amendment and Addendum no. 1 to the Indenture from January 19, 2012, dated March 7, 2012, between Cellcom and Strauss Lazar Trust Company (1992) Ltd.^††††
4.8	Series H and I Indenture dated June 23, 2014, between Cellcom and Mishmeret Trust Services Company Ltd., as amended in Addendum no.1 dated June 26, 2014^{†††††}
4.9	Amended 2006 Share Incentive Plan^{††††††}
4.10	Registration Rights Agreement dated March 15, 2006 among Cellcom, Goldman Sachs International, DIC, DIC Communication and Technology Ltd. and PEC Israel Economic Corporation^†
4.11	Amended Non-Exclusive General License for the Provision of Mobile Radio Telephone Services in the Cellular Method dated June 27, 1994^*
4.12	Netvision Ltd. Merger Agreement^††††
4.13	Amended 2015 Share Incentive Plan^{†††††††}
4.14	Agreement for the purchase of Golan Telecom Ltd.^*
4.15	Instruments defining the terms of deferred loans provided to Cellcom We agree to furnish to the SEC upon request, copies of our deferred loan agreements.
8.1	Subsidiaries of the Registrant^††††
12.1	Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 17 CFR 240.13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to §302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act *

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Exhibit Number	Description
12.2	Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 17 CFR 240.13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to §302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act *
13.1	Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act *
15	Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm *

Filed herewith.

†

Incorporated by reference to our registration statement on Form F-1 (registration no. 333-140030) filed with the SEC on January 17, 2007.

^††Incorporated by reference to our annual report on Form 20-F for the year 2007 filed with the SEC on March 18, 2008.

^†††Incorporated by reference to our annual report on Form 20-F for the year 2009 filed with the SEC on March 2, 2010.

^††††Incorporated by reference to our annual report on Form 20-F for the year 2011 filed with the SEC on March 7, 2012.

^{†††††}Incorporated by reference to our annual report on Form 20-F for the year 2014 filed with the SEC on March 16, 2015.

^{††††††}Incorporated by reference to our registration statement on Form S-8 filed with the SEC on November 14, 2012.

^{†††††††}Incorporated by reference to our registration statement on Form S-8 filed with the SEC on August 13, 2015.

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SIGNATURES

The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.

Cellcom Israel Ltd.


By:	/s/ Nir Sztern
	Name:	Nir Sztern
	Title:	President and Chief Executive Officer

Date: March 21, 2016

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Cellcom Israel Ltd.

and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Financial

Statements

As at December 31, 2015

(Audited)

F-1

Contents

	Page

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm	F3-F4


Consolidated Financial Statements


Consolidated Statements of Financial Position	F5


Consolidated Statements of Income	F6


Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	F7


Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity	F8


Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	F9-F10


Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements	F11-F71

F-2

Table of Contents

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To Board of Directors and Shareholders of

Cellcom Israel Ltd.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of Cellcom Israel Ltd. (hereinafter – "the Company") and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2015. We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Cellcom Israel Ltd.’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and an opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

F-3

Table of Contents

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2015, in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015 have been translated into United States dollars ("dollars") solely for the convenience of the reader. We have audited the translation and, in our opinion, the consolidated financial statements expressed in New Israeli Shekels have been translated into dollars on the basis set forth in Note 2D to the consolidated financial statements.

Somekh Chaikin

Certified Public Accountants (Isr.)

Member Firm of KPMG International

Tel Aviv, Israel

March 14, 2016

F-4

Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Financial Position

									Convenience
									translation into
									US dollar (Note 2D)
			December 31,			December 31,			December 31,
			2014			2015			2015
	Note		NIS millions			NIS millions			US$ millions

Assets
Cash and cash equivalents		8		1,158			761			195
Current investments, including derivatives				521			281			72
Trade receivables		9		1,417			1,254			321
Other receivables		9		65			104			27
Inventory		10		89			85			22

Total current assets				3,250			2,485			637

Trade and other receivables		9		824			785			201
Property, plant and equipment, net		11		1,834			1,745			447
Intangible assets, net		12		1,315			1,254			322
Deferred tax assets		28		17			9			2

Total non- current assets				3,990			3,793			972

Total assets				7,240			6,278			1,609

Liabilities
Current maturities of debentures		17		1,092			734			188
Trade payables and accrued expenses		13		773			677			173
Current tax liabilities		28		77			53			14
Provisions		14		101			110			28
Other payables, including derivatives		15		370			286			73

Total current liabilities				2,413			1,860			476

Debentures		17		3,548			3,054			783
Provisions		14		21			20			5
Other long-term liabilities		16		12			24			6
Liability for employee rights upon retirement, net		18		14			12			3
Deferred tax liabilities		28		140			123			32

Total non- current liabilities				3,735			3,233			829

Total liabilities				6,148			5,093			1,305

Equity attributable to owners of the Company		19
Share capital				1			1			-
Cash flow hedge reserve				(3	)		(2	)		-
Retained earnings				1,078			1,170			300

Non-controlling interests				16			16			4

Total equity				1,092			1,185			304

Total liabilities and equity				7,240			6,278			1,609

Date of approval of the consolidated financial statements: March 14, 2016.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-5

Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Income

												Convenience
												translation into
												US dollar (Note 2D)
			Year ended			Year ended			Year ended			Year ended
			December 31,			December 31,			December 31,			December 31,
			2013			2014			2015			2015
	Note		NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions			US$ millions

Revenues		22		4,927			4,570			4,180			1,071
Cost of revenues		23		(2,990	)		(2,727	)		(2,763	)		(708	)

Gross profit				1,937			1,843			1,417			363

Selling and marketing expenses		24		(717	)		(672	)		(620	)		(159	)
General and administrative expenses		25		(570	)		(463	)		(465	)		(119	)
Other income (expenses), net		26		1			(46	)		(22	)		(6	)

Operating profit				651			662			310			79

Financing income				156			100			55			14
Financing expenses				(402	)		(298	)		(232	)		(59	)
Financing expenses, net		27		(246	)		(198	)		(177	)		(45	)

Profit before taxes on income				405			464			133			34

Taxes on income		28		(117	)		(110	)		(36	)		(9	)
Profit for the year				288			354			97			25
Attributable to:
Owners of the Company				287			351			95			25
Non-controlling interests				1			3			2			-
Profit for the year				288			354			97			25

Earnings per share		19
Basic earnings per share (in NIS)				2.89			3.51			0.95			0.24

Diluted earnings per share (in NIS)				2.86			3.48			0.95			0.24

Weighted-average number of shares used in the calculation of basic earnings per share (in shares)				99,495,525			99,924,306			100,589,458			100,589,458

Weighted-average number of shares used in the calculation of diluted earnings per share (in shares)				100,319,724			100,706,282			100,589,530			100,589,530

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

										Convenience
										translation into
										US dollar (Note 2D)
	Year ended			Year ended			Year ended			Year ended
	December 31,			December 31,			December 31,			December 31,
	2013			2014			2015			2015
	NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions			US$ millions

Profit for the year		288			354			97			25
Other comprehensive income items that after initial recognition in comprehensive income were or will be transferred to profit or loss
Changes in fair value of cash flow hedges transferred to profit or loss		14			13			1			-
Changes in fair value of cash flow hedges		(16	)		-			-			-
Tax on other comprehensive income items that were or will be transferred to profit or loss in subsequent years		1			(3	)		-			-
Total other comprehensive income (loss) for the year that after initial recognition in comprehensive income was or will be transferred to profit or loss, net of tax		(1	)		10			1			-
Other comprehensive income items that will not be transferred to profit or loss
Actuarial losses on defined benefit plan, net of tax		(1	)		(1	)		(2	)		-
Total other comprehensive loss for the year that will not be transferred to profit or loss, net of tax		(1	)		(1	)		(2	)		-
Total other comprehensive income (loss) for the year, net of tax		(2	)		9			(1	)		-
Total comprehensive income for the year		286			363			96			25
Total comprehensive income attributable to:
Owners of the Company		285			360			94			25
Non-controlling interests		1			3			2			-
Total comprehensive income for the year		286			363			96			25

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity

	Attributable to owners of the Company											Non- controlling interests			Total equity			Convenience translation into US dollar (Note 2D)
	Share capital		Capital reserve			Retained earnings			Total
	NIS millions																	US$ millions

Balance as of January 1, 2013		1		(12	)		509			498			2			500			128
Comprehensive income for the year
Profit for the year		-		-			287			287			1			288			74
Other comprehensive loss for the year, net of tax		-		(1	)		(1	)		(2	)		-			(2	)		-
Transactions with owners, recognized directly in equity
Share based payments		-		-			9			9			-			9			2
Dividend paid in cash		-		-			(85	)		(85	)		-			(85	)		(22	)

Balance as of December 31, 2013		1		(13	)		719			707			3			710			182
Comprehensive income for the year
Profit for the year		-		-			351			351			3			354			91
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the year, net of tax		-		10			(1	)		9			-			9			2
Transactions with owners, recognized directly in equity
Share based payments		-		-			3			3			-			3			1
Expiration of put option over non-controlling interests in a consolidated company		-		-			6			6			10			16			4

Balance as of December 31, 2014		1		(3	)		1,078			1,076			16			1,092			280
Comprehensive income for the year
Profit for the year		-		-			95			95			2			97			25
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the year, net of tax		-		1			(2	)		(1	)		-			(1	)		-
Transactions with owners, recognized directly in equity
Share based payments		-		-			3			3			-			3			1
Dividend to non-controlling intererst in a subsidiary		-		-			-			-			(1	)		(1	)		-
Options written over non-controlling interests in a consolidated company		-		-			(4	)		(4	)		(1	)		(5	)		(2	)

Balance as of December 31, 2015		1		(2	)		1,170			1,169			16			1,185			304

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

										Convenience
										translation into
										US dollar (Note 2D)
	Year ended			Year ended			Year ended			Year ended
	December 31,			December 31,			December 31,			December 31,
	2013			2014			2015			2015
	NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions			US$ millions
Cash flows from operating activities
Profit for the year		288			354			97			25
Adjustments for:
Depreciation and amortization		676			610			562			144
Share based payment		9			3			3			1
Loss (gain) on sale of property, plant and equipment		2			7			(1	)		-
Income tax expense		117			110			36			9
Financing expenses, net		246			198			177			45
Other income		(3	)		-			-			-

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Change in inventory		27			(5	)		4			1
Change in trade receivables (including long- term amounts)		576			422			209			54
Change in other receivables (including long- term amounts)		(34	)		(35	)		(34	)		(9	)
Change in trade payables, accrued expenses and provisions		(185	)		(24	)		(54	)		(14	)
Change in other liabilities (including long-term amounts)		(33	)		36			(95	)		(24	)
Payments for derivative hedging contracts, net		(17	)		(6	)		-			-
Income tax paid		(119	)		(119	)		(68	)		(18	)
Income tax received		6			6			-			-
Net cash from operating activities		1,556			1,557			836			214

Cash flows used in investing activities
Acquisition of property, plant, and equipment		(275	)		(289	)		(305	)		(78	)
Acquisition of intangible assets		(90	)		(77	)		(91	)		(23	)
Dividend received		1			-			2			-
Change in current investments, net		(16	)		(15	)		231			59
Proceeds from (payments for) other derivative contracts, net		(10	)		4			-			-
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment		17			4			4			1
Interest received		29			23			15			4
Repayment of a long term deposit		-			-			48			12
Net cash used in investing activities		(344	)		(350	)		(96	)		(25	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (cont'd)

										Convenience
										translation into
										US dollar (Note 2D)
	Year ended			Year ended			Year ended			Year ended
	December 31,			December 31,			December 31,			December 31,
	2013			2014			2015			2015
	NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions			US$ millions

Cash flows used in financing activities
Payments for derivative contracts, net		(8	)		(29	)		(32	)		(8	)
Repayment of long term loans from banks		(6	)		(12	)		-			-
Repayment of debentures		(1,124	)		(1,092	)		(873	)		(224	)
Proceeds from issuance of debentures, net of issuance costs		-			326			(3	)		(1	)
Dividend paid		(81	)		(4	)		(1	)		-
Interest paid		(350	)		(295	)		(227	)		(58	)

Net cash used in financing activities		(1,569	)		(1,106	)		(1,136	)		(291	)

Changes in cash and cash equivalents		(357	)		101			(396	)		(102	)

Cash and cash equivalents as at the beginning of the year		1,414			1,057			1,158			297

Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash and cash equivalents		-			-			(1	)		-

Cash and cash equivalents as at the end of the year		1,057			1,158			761			195

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1 - Reporting Entity

Reporting Entity

Cellcom Israel Ltd. ("the Company") is a company incorporated and domiciled in Israel and its official address is 10 Hagavish Street, Netanya 4250708, Israel. The consolidated financial statements of the Group as at December 31, 2015 comprise the Company and its subsidiaries (together referred to as the "Group"). The Group operates and maintains a cellular mobile telephone system in Israel and provides cellular and landline telecommunications services, internet infrastructure and connectivity services, international calls services and television over the internet services (known as Over the Top TV services, or OTT TV services). The Company is a consolidated subsidiary of Discount Investment Corporation (the parent company "DIC"), which is controlled by IDB Development Corporation Ltd., or IDB. In 2015, the control in IDB and consequently indirectly in the Company, has changed (for additional details, see Note 32(5)).

Material event in the reporting period - Change in estimate

In the reporting period, the Company has changed the expected useful life of certain fixed asset items. For further information see Note 2E, regarding the basis of preparation of the financial statements.

Note 2 - Basis of Preparation

Statement of compliance

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).

These consolidated financial statements were approved by the Company's Board of Directors on March 14, 2016.

Functional and presentation currency

These consolidated financial statements are presented in New Israeli Shekels ("NIS"), which is the Group's functional currency, and are rounded to the nearest million. NIS is the currency that represents the primary economic environment in which the Group operates.

Basis of measurement

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the basis of historical cost except for the following assets and liabilities: current investments and derivative financial instruments that are measured at fair value through profit or loss, inventory is measured at the lower of cost or net realizable value, deferred tax assets and liabilities, assets and liabilities in respect of employee benefits and provisions.

For further information regarding the measurement of these assets and liabilities see Note 3, regarding Significant Accounting Policies.

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 2 - Basis of Preparation (cont'd)

Convenience translation into U.S. dollars ("dollars" or "$")

For the convenience of the reader, the reported NIS figures as of December 31, 2015 and for the year then ended, have been presented in dollars, translated at the representative rate of exchange as of December 31, 2015 (NIS 3.902 = US$ 1.00). The dollar amounts presented in these financial statements should not be construed as representing amounts that are receivable or payable in dollars or convertible into dollars, unless otherwise indicated.

Use of estimates and judgments

Use of estimates

Information about estimates, uncertainty and critical judgments about provisions and contingent liabilities, is described in Notes 14 and 31. In addition, information about critical estimates, made while applying accounting policies and that have the most significant effect on the consolidated financial statements are described below:

Impairment testing of trade and other receivables

The financial statements include an impairment loss in trade and other receivables which properly reflect, according to management's estimation, the potential loss from non-recoverable amounts. The Group provides for impairment loss based on its experience in collecting past debts, as well as on information on specific debtors. The main components of this allowance are a specific loss component that relates to individually significant exposures, and a collective loss component established for groups of similar assets in respect of losses that have been incurred but not yet identified. The collective loss allowance is determined based on historical data of payment statistics for similar financial assets. See also Note 21.

Impairment testing and useful life of assets

The Group regularly reviews the carrying amounts of its assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. See also Note 3H.

The useful economic life of the Group's assets is determined by management at the time the asset is acquired and regularly reviewed for appropriateness. The Group defines useful life of its assets in terms of the assets' expected utility to the Group. This judgment is based on the experience of the Group with similar assets. The useful life of licenses is based on the duration of the license agreement. See also Notes 3D and 3F.

Impairment testing of goodwill

The Group reviews a cash generating unit containing goodwill for the purpose of testing it for impairment at least once a year. Determining the recoverable amount requires management to make an estimate of the projected future cash flows from the continuing use of the cash-generating unit and also to choose a suitable discount rate for those cash flows which represents market estimates as for the time value of the money and the specific risks that are related to the cash-generating unit. Determining the estimates of the future cash flows is based on management past experience and management best estimates as for the economic conditions that will exist over the rest of the remaining useful life of the cash generating unit. Further details are given in Note 3H.

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 2 - Basis of Preparation (cont'd)

Legal claims

In estimating the likelihood of outcome of legal claims filed against the Company and its investees, the Group takes into consideration the opinion of its legal counsel. These estimates are based on the legal counsel's best professional judgment, taking into account the stage of proceedings and historical legal precedents in respect of the different issues. Since the outcome of the claims will be determined in courts, the results could differ from these estimates. See also Note 31.

Uncertain tax positions

When assessing amounts of current and deferred taxes, the Group takes into consideration the effect of the uncertainty that its tax positions will be accepted and of the Group incurring any additional tax and interest expenses. The Group is of the opinion that the cumulative tax liability is fair for all the years in respect of which final tax assessments have not yet been received, based on an analysis of a number of matters including interpretations of tax laws and the Group’s past experience. This assessment is based on estimates and assumptions that may also include assessments and exercising judgment regarding future events. It is possible that new information will become known in future periods that will require the Group to change its estimate regarding the tax liability that was recognized, and any such changes will be expensed immediately in that period. See also Note 28.

Change in estimate

During the year ended December 31, 2015, management has updated an estimate as follows:

The estimated useful life of the cellular cell sites passive components, which mostly include masts and constructed structures ("passive components"), has been re-evaluated for the first time starting the beginning of the second quarter of 2015, by ten additional years, as opposed to ten years, as previously estimated, so the depreciation period will end in 2025.

During the reporting period, the Company was awarded additional 4G frequencies (for additional details, see Note 32(4)). In addition, the Company has invested and expects to continue investing substantial amounts in radio equipment for the 4G technology, which is installed over the existing cellular sites. In light of the aforesaid, a re-evaluation of the passive components’ expected useful life was necessary. The expected useful life of the passive components was examined by a Periodic Depreciation Committee and according to engineering expert’s opinion, the Company will continue to use the passive components for the next ten years. Therefore, it has been decided to extend the depreciation period as mentioned above.

The effect of this change on the annual financial statements, in current and future years is as follows:

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

Subsequently

NIS millions

Decrease (increase) in depreciation expenses

(81

)

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 2 - Basis of Preparation (cont'd)

Exchange rates and known Consumer Price Indexes are as follows:

	Exchange rates of US$		Consumer Price Index (points)*

As of December 31, 2015		3.902		221.35
As of December 31, 2014		3.889		223.36
As of December 31, 2013		3.471		223.58

Change during the year:

Year ended December 31, 2015		0.33%		(0.90%)
Year ended December 31, 2014		12.04%		(0.10%)
Year ended December 31, 2013		(7.02%)		1.91%

*According to 1993 base index.

Note 3 - Significant Accounting Policies

The accounting policies set out below have been applied consistently by the Group for all periods presented in these consolidated financial statements.

Basis of consolidation

Subsidiaries

Subsidiaries are entities controlled directly or indirectly by the Group. The financial statements of subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date that control commences until the date that control is lost. The accounting policies of subsidiaries have been changed when necessary to align them with the policies adopted by the Group.

Non-controlling interests

Non-controlling interests comprise the equity of a subsidiary that cannot be attributed, directly or indirectly, to the parent company. Profit or loss and each component of other comprehensive income are attributable to the owners of the parent company and to non-controlling interests.

Issuance of put option to non-controlling interests

A put option issued by the Group to non-controlling interests that is settled in cash or another financial instrument is recognized as a liability at the present value of the exercise price. In subsequent periods, changes in the value of the liability in respect of put options are recognized in profit or loss according to the effective interest method.

The Group’s share of a subsidiary’s profits includes the share of the non-controlling interests to which the Group issued a put option.

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 3 - Significant Accounting Policies (cont'd)

Basis of consolidation (cont’d)

Transactions eliminated on consolidation

Intra-group balances and transactions, and any unrealized income and expenses arising from intra-group transactions, are eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial statements.

Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to NIS at the prevailing foreign exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies as of the reporting date are translated to NIS at the prevailing foreign exchange rate at that date. Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies that are measured in terms of historical cost, are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies that are measured at fair value are retranslated to NIS at the exchange rate at the date that the fair value was determined. Foreign exchange differences arising on translation are recognized in profit and loss.

Financial instruments

The Group early adopted IFRS 9 (2009), Financial Instruments, with respect to classification and measurement of financial assets. According to IFRS 9 (2009), an entity shall classify and measure its financial assets at amortized cost or at fair value, considering its business model for managing financial assets and with respect to the contractual cash flows of these financial assets.

(1)

Non-derivative financial assets

Initial recognition of financial assets

The Group initially recognizes receivables and deposits on the date that they are created. All other financial assets acquired in a regular way purchase, including assets designated at fair value through profit or loss, are recognized initially on the trade date at which the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument, meaning on the date the Group undertook to purchase or sell the asset. Financial assets are initially measured at fair value. If the financial asset is not subsequently accounted for at fair value through profit or loss, then the initial measurement includes transaction costs that are directly attributable to the asset acquisition or creation.

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 3 - Significant Accounting Policies (cont'd)

The Group subsequently measures financial assets at either fair value or amortized cost, as described below:

Financial assets measured at amortized cost

A financial asset is subsequently measured at amortized cost, using the effective interest method and net of any impairment loss, if:

●

the asset is held within a business model with an objective to hold assets in order to collect contractual cash flows;

●

the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise, on specified dates, to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest; and

●

the Group has not elected to designate them at fair value through profit or loss in order to reduce or eliminate an accounting mismatch.

Financial assets measured at amortized cost include cash and cash equivalents, current investments and trade and other receivables.

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances available for immediate use and call deposits.

Cash equivalents comprise short-term highly liquid investments (with original maturities of three months or less) that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and are exposed to insignificant risks of change in value.

Financial assets measured at fair value

Financial assets other than those classified as measured at amortized cost are subsequently measured at fair value with all changes in fair value recognized in profit or loss.

Derecognition of financial assets

Financial assets are derecognized when the contractual rights of the Group to the cash flows from the asset expire, or the Group transfers the rights to receive the contractual cash flows on the financial asset in a transaction in which substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset are transferred. Regular way sales of financial assets are recognized on the trade date, meaning on the date the Group undertook to sell the asset. As to the Group’s policy on impairment see Paragraph H.

Offset of financial instruments

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount presented in the statement of financial position when, and only when, the Group currently has a legal right to offset the amounts and intends either to settle on a net basis or to realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 3 - Significant Accounting Policies (cont'd)

(2)

Non-derivative financial liabilities

The Group initially recognizes debt securities issued on the date they originated. All other financial liabilities are recognized initially on the trade date at which the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Financial liabilities are recognized initially at fair value plus any directly attributable transaction costs. The Group subsequently measures financial liabilities at amortized cost using the effective interest method.

Non-derivative financial liabilities include debentures and trade and other payables.

Financial liabilities are derecognized when the obligation of the Group, as specified in the agreement, expires or when it is discharged or cancelled.

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is presented in the statement of financial position when, and only when, the Group currently has a legal right to offset the amounts and intends either to settle on a net basis or to realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Change in terms of debt instruments

An exchange of debt instruments having substantially different terms, between an existing borrower and lender is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability at fair value. In such cases the entire difference between the amortized cost of the original financial liability and the fair value of the new financial liability is recognized in profit or loss as financing income or expense.

The terms are substantially different if the discounted present value of the cash flows according to the new terms, including any commissions paid, less any commissions received and discounted using the original effective interest rate, is different by at least ten percent from the discounted present value of the remaining cash flows of the original financial liability. In addition to the aforesaid quantitative criterion, the Group examines, inter alia, whether there have also been changes in various economic parameters inherent in the exchanged debt instruments, therefore as a rule, exchanges of CPI-linked debt instruments with unlinked instruments are considered exchanges with substantially different terms even if they do not meet the aforementioned quantitative criterion.

Expansion of debentures for cash

When expanding debentures for cash, debentures are initially measured at their fair value, which is the proceeds received from the issuance (since this is the best market which the issuer has an immediate access to), with no effect on profit or loss in respect of the difference between the proceeds from issuance and the market value of the tradable debentures close to their issuance.

(3)

Derivative financial instruments, including hedge accounting

The Group holds derivative financial instruments to hedge its foreign currency and CPI risks exposures.

Derivatives are initially recognized at fair value; transaction costs that can be attributed are recognized to profit and loss when incurred. Subsequent to initial recognition, derivatives are measured at fair value. Changes in fair value are accounted for as follows:

Cash flow hedges

Changes in the fair value of the derivative hedging instrument designated as a cash flow hedge are recognized through other comprehensive income directly in a hedging reserve to the extent that the

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 3 - Significant Accounting Policies (cont'd)

hedge is effective. To the extent that the hedge is ineffective, changes in the fair value are recognized in profit and loss when the hedged item is sold or leaves the Group's possession, and is presented under the same line item in the consolidated statements of income as the hedged item.

If the hedging instrument no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, expires or is sold, terminated or exercised, then hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively. The cumulative gain or loss previously recognized in comprehensive income and presented in the hedging reserve in equity remains there until the forecasted transaction occurs or is no longer expected to occur. The amount recognized in comprehensive income is transferred to profit and loss in the same period that the hedged item affects profit and loss.

Economic Hedges

Hedge accounting is not applied to derivative instruments that economically hedge monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies or linked to the CPI. Changes in the fair value of such derivatives are recognized in profit and loss, as financing income or expenses.

(4)

Financial instruments linked to the Israeli CPI that are not measured at fair value

The carrying amount of a CPI linked financial instrument and the payments derived from it are revalued in each period according to the actual rate of change in the CPI.

Property, plant and equipment

Items of property, plant and equipment are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses.

Cost includes expenditures that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the asset. The cost of self-constructed assets includes the cost of materials and direct labor, any other costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to a working condition for its intended use, and an estimate of the costs of dismantling and removing the items and restoring the site on which they are located (when the Group has an obligation to dismantle and remove the asset or to restore the site). Purchased software that is integral to the functionality of the related equipment is capitalized as part of that equipment.

Communications networks consist of several significant components with different useful lives. Each component is treated separately and is depreciated over its useful life.

Changes in the obligation to dismantle and remove the items and to restore the site on which they are located, other than changes deriving from the passing of time, are added or deducted from the cost of the asset in the period in which they occur. The amount deducted from the cost of the asset shall not exceed the balance of the carrying amount on the date of change, and any balance is recognized in profit or loss.

Gains or losses on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment are determined by comparing the net disposal net proceeds with the carrying amount of property, plant and equipment and are recognized net within "other expenses, net" in profit or loss.

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 3 - Significant Accounting Policies (cont'd)

The cost of replacing part of a fixed asset item is recognized in the carrying amount of the item if it is probable that the future economic benefits embodied within the part will flow to the Group and its cost can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of the replaced part is derecognized. The costs of day-to-day servicing are recognized in profit or loss as incurred.

Depreciation is a systematic allocation of the depreciable amount of an asset over its useful life. An asset is depreciated from the date it is ready for use, meaning the date it reaches the location and condition required for it to operate in the manner intended by management.

Depreciation is recognized in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of each part of the fixed asset item. The annual depreciation rates for the current and comparative periods are as follows:

Communications network		5-25
Control and testing equipment		15-25
Vehicles		15-33
Computers and hardware		15-33
Furniture and equipment		6-33

Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the expected lease terms.

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at least at the end of each reporting year and adjusted if appropriate.

Rights of use of communications lines

The Group implements IFRIC 4, "Determining Whether an Arrangement Contains a Lease", which defines criteria for determining at the beginning of the arrangement, whether the right to use asset constitutes a lease arrangement.

According to IFRIC 4, as mentioned above, acquisition transactions of irrevocable rights of use of underwater cables capacity are treated as service receipt transactions. The amount which was paid for the rights of use of communications lines is recognized as a prepaid expense and is amortized on a straight-line basis over the period stated in the agreements, including the option period, which constitutes the estimated useful life of those capacities.

Intangible assets

Intangible assets consist of goodwill, assets recognized during business combination, licenses, computer software costs, information systems and deferred expenses.

Goodwill that arises upon the acquisition of subsidiaries is presented as part of intangible assets. In subsequent periods goodwill is measured at cost less accumulated impairment losses.

Customer relationship - purchase price allocated to subsidiaries' customer relationship. Customer relationship has a finite useful life.

Other intangible assets are measured at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses and including direct costs necessary to prepare the asset for its intended use.

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 3 - Significant Accounting Policies (cont'd)

Certain direct and indirect development costs associated with internally developed information system software, and payroll costs for employees devoting time to the software projects, incurred during the application development stage, are capitalized. The costs are amortized using the straight-line method beginning when the asset is substantially ready for use. Costs incurred during the research stage and after the asset is substantially ready for use, are recognized in profit or loss as incurred.

Subsequent expenditure is capitalized only when it increases the future economic benefits embodied in the specific asset to which it relates. All other expenditure is recognized in profit or loss as incurred.

Amortization is a systematic allocation of the amortizable amount of an intangible asset over its useful life. Amortization is calculated using the straight-line method, except for customer relationship recognized during business combinations, which is amortized according to the economic benefit expected from this asset each period (and up to 2019). The annual amortization rates for the current and comparative periods are as follows:

		%

Licenses	5-6		(mainly 6)
Information systems	25
Software	15-25

Goodwill has an indefinite useful life and is not systematically amortized but tested for impairment at least once a year.

Amortization methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at least each year-end and adjusted if appropriate.

The Group examines the useful life of an intangible asset that is not periodically amortized at least once a year in order to determine whether events and circumstances continue to support the decision that the intangible asset has an indefinite useful life.

Inventory

Inventory of cellular phone equipment, accessories and spare-parts are measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is determined by the moving average method.

The cost of inventory which serves the landline communications is determined on a "first-in, first-out" basis.

The Group periodically evaluates the condition and age of inventories and makes provisions for impairment of inventories accordingly.

Impairment

Non-derivative financial assets

A financial asset not carried at fair value through profit or loss is tested for impairment when objective evidence indicates that a loss event has occurred after the initial recognition of the asset, and that the

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 3 - Significant Accounting Policies (cont'd)

loss event had a negative effect on the estimated future cash flows of that asset that can be estimated reliably.

An impairment loss in respect of a financial asset measured at amortized cost, is calculated as the difference between its carrying amount, and the present value of the estimated future cash flows discounted at the original effective interest rate of that asset. All impairment losses are recognized in profit or loss.

An impairment loss is reversed if the reversal can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment loss was recognized. For financial assets measured at amortized cost, the reversal is recognized in profit or loss.

Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets

The carrying amounts of the Group’s property, plant and equipment and finite lived intangible assets are reviewed at each reporting date, to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, then the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated.

Once a year and on the same date, or more frequently if there are indications of impairment, the Group estimates the recoverable amount of each cash generating unit that contains goodwill, or intangible assets that have indefinite useful lives.

For the purpose of impairment testing, assets that cannot be tested individually are grouped together into the smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets or groups of assets (the "cash-generating unit").

The recoverable amount of an asset or cash-generating unit is the greater of its value in use and its fair value less costs to sell. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset or cash-generating unit, for which the estimated future cash flows from the asset or cash-generating unit were not adjusted.

Cash-generating units to which goodwill has been allocated are aggregated so that the level at which impairment testing is performed reflects the lowest level at which goodwill is monitored for internal reporting purposes. The Group monitors goodwill at operating segments level.

An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of an asset or cash-generating unit exceeds its estimated recoverable amount. Impairment losses are recognized in profit or loss. Impairment losses recognized in respect of cash-generating units are allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the units and then to reduce the carrying amounts of the other assets in the cash-generating unit on a pro rata basis.

Employee benefits

Post employment benefits

Part of the Group's liability for post employment benefits is covered by a defined contribution plan financed by deposits with insurance companies or with funds managed by a trustee. A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which an entity pays fixed contributions into a separate entity and has no legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts. The Group's

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Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 3 - Significant Accounting Policies (cont'd)

obligation of contribution to defined contribution pension plan is recognized as an expense in profit and loss in the periods during which services are rendered by employees. In addition, the Group has a net obligation in respect of defined benefit plan. A defined benefit plan is a post-employment benefit plan other than a defined contribution plan. This benefit is presented at present value deducting the fair value of any plan assets and is determined using actuarial assessment techniques which involves, among others, determining estimates regarding the capitalization rates, anticipated return on the assets, the rate of the increase in salary and the rates of employee turnover. There is significant uncertainty in respect to these estimates because of the long-term programs. For further information, see Note 18.

The Group recognizes immediately, directly in retained earnings through other comprehensive income, all actuarial gains and losses arising from defined benefit plans. Interest costs and expected return on plan assets that were recognized in profit or loss are presented under financing income and expenses, respectively.

Termination benefits

Termination benefits are recognized as an expense when the Group is committed demonstrably, without realistic possibility of withdrawal, to a formal detailed plan to terminate employment before the normal retirement date, or to provide termination benefits as a result of an offer made to encourage voluntary retirement. Termination benefits for voluntary retirements are recognized as an expense if the Group has made an offer of voluntary retirement, it is probable that the offer will be accepted, and the number of acceptances can be estimated reliably.

Short-term employee benefits

Short-term employee benefit obligations are measured on an undiscounted basis and are expensed as the related service is provided. A liability is recognized for the amount expected to be paid if the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee and the obligation can be estimated reliably. The employee benefits are classified, for measurement purposes, as short-term benefits or as other long-term benefits depending on when the Group expects the benefits to be wholly settled.

Share based payments

The grant date fair value of options granted to employees is recognized as salaries and related expenses, with a corresponding increase in retained earnings, over the period that the employees become unconditionally entitled to the options.

Fair value is measured using the Black-Scholes model. The expected life used in the model has been adjusted, based on management’s best estimate, to consider exercise restrictions and behavioral considerations.

Provisions

A provision is recognized if the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation, as a result of a past event, that can be estimated reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. Provisions are measured at management's best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the obligation at the reporting date.

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 3 - Significant Accounting Policies (cont'd)

A provision for claims is recognized if the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation, as a result of a past event, and it is more likely than not that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and the amount of obligation can be estimated reliably.

Revenue

Revenues derived from services, including cellular services, internet infrastructure and connectivity services, international calls services, fixed local calls, interconnect, roaming revenues, content and value added services and television over the internet services, are recognized when the services are provided, in proportion to the stage of completion of the transaction and all other revenue recognition criteria are met.

The sale of a handset is generally adjacent to the sale of services. Usually, the sale of handset to the customer is executed with no contractual obligation of the client to consume services in a minimal amount for a predefined period. As a result, the Group refers to the sale transaction as a separate transaction and recognizes revenue from sale of handset upon delivery of the handset to the customer. Revenue from services is recognized and recorded when the services are provided.

In case the customer is obligated towards the Group to consume services in a minimal amount for a predefined period, the contract is characterized as a multiple element arrangement and thus, revenue from sale of handset is recorded in an amount not higher than the fair value of the said handset, which is not contingent upon delivery of additional components (such as services) and is recognized upon delivery to the customer and when the criteria for revenue recognition are met. The Group determines the fair value of the individual elements based on prices at which the deliverable is regularly sold on a standalone basis, after considering discounts where appropriate.

The Group also offers other services, such as extended equipment warranty plans, which are provided for a monthly fee and are either sold separately or bundled and included in packaged rate plans. Revenues from those services are recognized over the service period.

Revenues from long-term credit arrangements are recognized on the basis of the present value of future cash flows, discounted according to market interest rates at the time of the transaction. The difference between the original credit and its present value is recorded as interest income over the credit period.

Prepaid wireless airtime sold to customers is recorded as deferred revenue prior to the commencement of services and is recognized when the airtime is used or expires.

When the Group acts as an agent or an intermediary without bearing the risks and rewards resulting from the transaction, revenues are presented on a net basis (as a profit or a commission). However, when the Group acts as a principal supplier and bears the risks and rewards resulting from the transaction, revenues are presented on a gross basis, distinguishing the revenue from the related expenses.

Cost of revenues

Cost of revenues mainly include equipment purchase costs, salaries and related expenses, value added services costs, royalties expenses, ongoing license fees, interconnection and roaming expenses, cell site

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 3 - Significant Accounting Policies (cont'd)

leasing costs, depreciation and amortization expenses and maintenance expenses, directly related to services rendered.

The Group recognizes discounts from suppliers as a decrease in Cost of Sales. Therefore, discounts in respect of purchases that are added to the closing inventory balance are treated as inventory and the remainder as a decrease in Cost of Sales.

Advertising expenses

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred.

Lease payments

Payments made under operating leases are recognized in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

Financing income and expenses

Financing income is comprised of interest income on cash deposits, interest income on installment sales, gain from hedging transactions, income from exchange rate differences and from investment in debt securities. Interest income is recognized in the consolidated statements of income as it accrues using the effective interest method.

Financing expenses are comprised of interest and indexing expenses on loans and debentures, loss from hedging transactions, expenses from exchange rate differences and unwinding of the discount on provisions. All borrowing costs are recognized in profit and loss using the effective interest method.

In the statements of cash flows, interest received and dividends received are presented as part of cash flows from investing activities. Interest paid and dividends paid are presented as part of cash flows from financing activities.

Foreign currency, investment in debt securities and hedging instruments gains and losses that are recognized in profit or loss are reported on a net basis.

Changes in the fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss also include income from dividends and interest.

Taxes on income

Taxes on income comprise current and deferred tax. Current tax and deferred tax are recognized in profit or loss except to the extent that it relates to a business combination, or are recognized directly in equity or in other comprehensive income to the extent they relate to items recognized directly in equity or in other comprehensive income.

Current tax is the expected tax payable on the taxable income for the year, using tax rates enacted or substantially enacted at the reporting date, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years.

Current tax assets and liabilities are offset if there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax liabilities and assets, and there is intent to settle current tax liabilities and assets on a net basis or the tax assets and liabilities will be realized simultaneously.

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 3 - Significant Accounting Policies (cont'd)

Deferred tax is recognized for temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to be applied to the temporary differences when they reverse, based on the laws that have been enacted at the reporting date. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if there is a legally enforceable right to offset deferred tax liabilities and assets, and they relate to income taxes levied by the same tax authority on the same taxable entity, or on different tax entities, but they intend to settle deferred tax liabilities and assets on a net basis or their deferred tax assets and liabilities will be realized simultaneously.

A deferred tax asset is recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the temporary difference can be utilized. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realized.

A provision for uncertain tax positions, including additional tax and interest expenses, is recognized when it is more probable than not that the Group will have to use its economic resources to pay the obligation.

Earnings per share

The Company presents basic and diluted earnings per share ("EPS") data for its ordinary shares. Basic EPS is calculated by dividing the profit or loss attributable to ordinary shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is determined by adjusting the profit and loss attributable to ordinary shareholders and the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding for the effects of all dilutive potential ordinary shares, which comprise share options granted to employees.

New standards not yet adopted

IFRS 9 (2014), Financial Instruments

Classification and measurement

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Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 3 - Significant Accounting Policies (cont'd)

New standards not yet adopted (cont'd)

Hedge accounting – general

Impairment of financial assets

IFRS 9 (2014) is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018 with early adoption being permitted. It will be applied retrospectively with some exemptions.

The Group has not yet commenced examining the effects of adopting IFRS 9 (2014) on the financial statements.

IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers

The Group is examining the effects of adopting IFRS 15 on the financial statements.

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Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 3 - Significant Accounting Policies (cont'd)

New standards not yet adopted (cont'd)

IFRS 16, Leases

The standard replaces International Accounting Standard 17 - Leases (IAS 17) and its related interpretations. The standard's instructions annul the existing requirement from lessees to classify leases as operating or finance leases. Instead of this, for lessees, the new standard presents a unified model for the accounting treatment of all leases according to which the lessee has to recognize an asset and liability in respect of the lease in its financial statements. Similarly, the standard determines new and expanded disclosure requirements from those required at present.

The Group has not yet commenced examining the effects of adopting the standard on the financial statements.

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 4 - Fair Value

Determination of Fair Value

A number of the Group's accounting policies and disclosures require the determination of fair value, for both financial and non-financial assets and liabilities. Fair values have been determined for measurement and /or disclosure purposes based on the following methods. When applicable, further information about the assumptions made in determining fair values is disclosed in the notes specific to that asset or liability.

Trade and other receivables

The fair value of trade and other receivables is estimated as the present value of future cash flows, discounted at the appropriate interest rate at the reporting date.

Current investments and derivatives

The fair value of forward exchange contracts is estimated by discounting the difference between the contractual forward price and the current forward price for the residual maturity of the contract using market interest rates appropriate for similar instruments, including the adjustment required for the parties' credit risks.

The fair value of investments in debt securities is based on quoted market prices.

Non-derivative financial liabilities

Fair value, which is determined for disclosure purposes, is calculated based on the present value of future principal and interest cash flows, discounted at the market rate of interest at the reporting date.

Share- based payment transactions

Fair value of employee stock options is measured using the Black-Scholes formula. Measurement inputs include share price on measurement date, exercise price of the instrument, expected volatility (based on weighted average historic volatility adjusted for changes expected due to publicly available information), weighted average expected life of the instruments (based on historical experience and general option holder behavior) and the risk-free interest rate (based on government bonds). Service conditions attached to the transactions are not taken into account in determining fair value.

Fair Value Hierarchy

When determining the fair value of an asset or liability, the Group uses observable market data as much as possible. There are three levels of fair value measurements in the fair value hierarchy that are based on the data used in the measurement, as follows:

Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical instruments.

Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3: inputs that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 5 - Financial Risk Management

The Board of Directors has overall responsibility for the establishment and oversight of the Group’s financial risk management framework. The Board has established a sub-committee for financial exposures management, which is responsible for developing and monitoring the Group’s financial exposures management policies. The sub-committee recommends to the Board of Directors changes in the Group's financial exposures management policy.

The Group’s risk management policies are established to identify and analyze the financial risks faced by the Group, to set appropriate risk limits and controls, and to monitor risks and adherence to limits. Risk management policies and systems are reviewed regularly to reflect changes in market conditions and the Group’s activities through training and procedures. The Group aims to develop a disciplined and constructive control environment in which all employees understand their roles and obligations.

The Group Audit Committee oversees how management monitors compliance with the Group’s financial risk management policies and procedures, and reviews the adequacy of the financial risk management framework in relation to the risks faced by the Group. See also Note 21.

Credit risk

Management has a credit policy in place and the exposure to credit risk is monitored on an ongoing basis.

Trade and other receivables

The Group conducts credit evaluations on receivables over a certain amount, and requires financial guarantees against them. Management monitors outstanding receivable balances and the financial statements include appropriate allowances for estimated irrecoverable amounts. The Group is exposed to credit risk arising mainly from its operation in Israel.

Cash and cash equivalents

The Group’s cash and cash equivalents are maintained with major banking institutions in Israel.

Investments in debt instruments

The Group limits its exposure to credit risk by investing only in liquid debt instruments and only with counterparties that have a credit rating of at least "AA-" from S&P Maalot. Management actively monitors credit ratings and given these high credit ratings, management does not expect any counterparty to fail to meet its obligations.

Derivatives

The counterparties of the derivatives held by the Group are major banks in Israel.

At the reporting date, there were no significant concentrations of credit risk. The maximum exposure to credit risk is represented by the carrying amount of each financial asset, including derivatives, in the consolidated statement of financial position. Financial instruments that could potentially subject the Group to credit risks consist primarily of trade receivables. Credit risk with respect to these receivables is limited due to the composition of the subscriber base, which includes a large number of individuals and businesses.

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 5 - Financial Risk Management (cont'd)

Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they fall due. The Group's approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will always have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when due, under both normal and extreme conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Group's reputation.

The cash surpluses held by Group companies that are not required for financing their current activity, are invested in interest-bearing investment channels such as: short-term deposits and debentures. These investment channels are chosen based on future forecasts of the cash Group will require in order to meet its liabilities.

The Group examines current forecasts of its liquidity requirements so as to make certain that there is sufficient cash for its operating needs, and it is careful at all times to have enough unused credit facilities so that the Group does not exceed its credit limits and is in compliance with its financial covenants. These forecasts take into consideration matters such as the Group’s plan to use debt for financing its activity, compliance with required financial covenants, and compliance with external requirements such as laws or regulation.

The Group has contractual commitments to purchase inventories, fixed assets and other current services. For further information regarding material commitments see Note 30.

Market risk

In the ordinary course of business, the Group buys and sells derivatives, and also incurs financial liabilities, in order to manage market risks. All such transactions are carried out according to the policy established by the Board of Directors.

Interest rate and CPI risk

The Group is exposed to fluctuations in the interest rate, including changes in the CPI, as the majority of its borrowings are linked to the CPI. As part of its risk management policy the Group has entered into forward contracts that partially hedge the exposure to changes in the CPI. All such transactions are carried out within the policy established by the Board of Directors.

Currency risk

The Group's operating income and cash flows are exposed to currency risk, mainly due to handset and network related acquisitions and its international roaming services activity. The Group also manages bank accounts that are denominated in a currency other than its respective functional currency, primarily USD and Euro. As part of its financial exposures hedging policy, the Group uses forward and option contracts to partially hedge the exposure to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates.

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 5 - Financial Risk Management (cont'd)

Capital management

The Group's capital management aim is to ensure a sound and efficient capital structure which takes into consideration, among others, the following factors:

A gearing ratio that supports the Group's cash flow needs with respect to its potential cash flow generation and also supporting its dividend policy, considering the limitation imposed on dividend distribution as established in the indenture of the Group's Series F, G, H and I debentures and in the Company's deferred loans, while maintaining a Net Debt to EBITDA ratio (see definition in Note 17, regarding Debentures) as established in such documents, and that meets the industry standards. The Group considers Net Debt to EBITDA ratio to be an important measure for investors, debentures holders, analysts, and rating agencies. This ratio is a non-GAAP figure not governed by International Financial Reporting Standards and its definition and calculation may vary from one Group to another. The Group's debt mainly consists of short and long-term debentures traded publicly in the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange.

Note 6 - Operating Segments

The Group operates in two reportable segments, as described below, which are the Group's strategic business units. The strategic business unit's allocation of resources and evaluation of performance are managed separately. The operating segments were determined based on internal management reports reviewed by the Group's chief operating decision maker (CODM). The CODM does not examine assets or liabilities for those segments and therefore, they are not presented.

Cellcom – the segment includes Cellcom Israel Ltd. and its subsidiaries, excluding Netvision Ltd. and its subsidiaries.

Netvision – the segment includes Netvision Ltd. and its subsidiaries.

The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as described in Note 3, regarding Significant Accounting Policies.

Information regarding the results of each reportable segment is included below based on the internal management reports that are reviewed by the CODM.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 6 - Operating Segments (cont'd)

	Year ended December 31, 2015
	NIS millions
	Cellcom			Netvision			Reconciliation for consolidation			Consolidated

External revenues		3,315			865			-			4,180
Inter-segment revenues		56			126			(182	)		-

EBITDA*		642			224			6			872

Reconciliation of reportable segment EBITDA to profit for the year
Depreciation and amortization		(442	)		(89	)		(31	)		(562	)
Taxes on income		(6	)		(37	)		7			(36	)
Financing income											55
Financing expenses											(232	)
Other income											3
Share based payments											(3	)

Profit for the year		11			103			(17	)		97

	Year ended December 31, 2014
	NIS millions
	Cellcom			Netvision			Reconciliation for consolidation			Consolidated

External revenues		3,667			903			-			4,570
Inter-segment revenues		50			57			(107	)		-

EBITDA*		967			315			-			1,282

Reconciliation of reportable segment EBITDA to profit for the year
Depreciation and amortization		(475	)		(85	)		(50	)		(610	)
Taxes on income		(80	)		(44	)		14			(110	)
Financing income											100
Financing expenses											(298	)
Other expenses											(7	)
Share based payments											(3	)

Profit for the year		211			189			(46	)		354

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 6 - Operating Segments (cont'd)

	Year ended December 31, 2013
	NIS millions
	Cellcom			Netvision			Reconciliation for consolidation			Consolidated

External revenues		3,944			983			-			4,927
Inter-segment revenues		50			56			(106	)		-

EBITDA*		1,066			269			-			1,335

Reconciliation of reportable segment EBITDA to profit for the year
Depreciation and amortization		(504	)		(96	)		(76	)		(676	)
Taxes on income		(91	)		(45	)		19			(117	)
Financing income											156
Financing expenses											(402	)
Other income											1
Share based payments											(9	)

Profit for the year		210			135			(57	)		288

* EBITDA as reviewed by the CODM, represents earnings before interest (financing expenses, net), taxes, other income (expenses) (except for expenses in the amount of approximately NIS 25 million and NIS 39 million in respect of voluntary retirement plans for employees, which have been recorded in the second quarter of 2015 and in the second quarter of 2014, respectively. See also Note 26, regarding Other Expenses), depreciation and amortization and share based payments, as a measure of operating profit. EBITDA is not a financial measure under IFRS and cannot be compared to other similarly titled measures in other companies.

Note 7 - Subsidiaries

Presented hereunder is a list of the Group’s significant subsidiaries:

		The Group’s ownership interest in the subsidiary for the year ended December 31
	Principal location of the subsidiary's activity	2014		2015
Name of subsidiary
Netvision Ltd.	Israel		100%		100%
013 Netvision Ltd.	Israel		100%		100%

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 8 - Cash and Cash Equivalents

Composition

	December 31,
	2014		2015
	NIS millions		NIS millions
Bank balances		133		57
Call deposits		1,025		704
		1,158		761

The Group's exposure to interest rate risk and sensitivity analysis for financial assets and liabilities are disclosed in Note 21.

Note 9 - Trade and Other Receivables

Composition

	December 31,
	2014		2015
	NIS millions		NIS millions
Current
Trade Receivables*
Open accounts		531		445
Checks and credit cards receivables		179		164
Accrued income		101		82
Current maturity of long-term receivables		606		563
		1,417		1,254
Other Receivables
Prepaid expenses		57		43
Government institutions and others		8		61
		65		104
		1,482		1,358
Non-current
Trade receivables*		476		467
Rights of use of communications lines		272		302
Deposits and other receivables		65		3
Other		11		13
		824		785
		2,306		2,143

* Net of allowance for doubtful debts.

The Group is exposed to credit risks and impairment losses related to trade and other receivables as disclosed in Note 21.

Non-current trade receivables balances are in respect of equipment sold in installments (mainly 36 monthly payments) which current amount as of December 31, 2015, is calculated at a 3.3% discount rate (December 31, 2014 - 3.9%).

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 10 - Inventory

Composition

	December 31,
	2014		2015
	NIS millions		NIS millions
Handsets		71		67
Accessories		10		7
Spare parts		8		11
		89		85

In 2015, the Group tested slow moving inventory for impairment and wrote down inventory to its net realizable value by the amount of NIS 4 million (2014 - NIS 6 million). The write-down is included in Cost of Sales.

Note 11 - Property, Plant and Equipment, Net


				Control and						Computers,
	Communications			testing						furniture and			Leasehold
	network			equipment			Vehicles			equipment			improvements			Total
	NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions

Cost

Balance at January 1, 2014		5,351			144			18			393			155			6,061

Additions		336			4			1			39			11			391
Disposals		(135	)		(26	)		(10	)		(116	)		(13	)		(300	)
Balance at December 31, 2014		5,552			122			9			316			153			6,152

Additions		203			2			-			85			6			296
Disposals		(84	)		-			(2	)		(54	)		(3	)		(143	)
Balance at December 31, 2015		5,671			124			7			347			156			6,305

Accumulated Depreciation

Balance at January 1, 2014		3,765			90			10			237			94			4,196
Depreciation for the year		328			19			2			48			14			411
Disposals		(128	)		(28	)		(5	)		(115	)		(13	)		(289	)
Balance at December 31, 2014		3,965			81			7			170			95			4,318

Depreciation for the year		301			15			1			52			12			381
Disposals		(81	)		-			(1	)		(54	)		(3	)		(139	)
Balance at December 31, 2015		4,185			96			7			168			104			4,560

Carrying amounts

At January 1, 2014		1,586			54			8			156			61			1,865
At December 31, 2014		1,587			41			2			146			58			1,834
At December 31, 2015		1,486			28			-			179			52			1,745

In the ordinary course of business, the Group acquires property, plant and equipment in credit. The cost of acquisitions, which has not yet been paid at the reporting date, amounted to NIS 169 million (December 31, 2014 and 2013, NIS 169 million and NIS 67 million, respectively).

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Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 12 - Intangible Assets, Net

	Licenses		Information systems			Software			Deferred expenses			Goodwill		Customer relationship and other			Total
	NIS millions		NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions		NIS millions			NIS millions
Cost
Balance at January 1, 2014		532		342			89			4			830		347			2,144
Additions		-		87			9			-			-		-			96
Disposals		-		(75	)		(21	)		(4	)		-		-			(100	)
Balance at December 31, 2014		532		354			77			-			830		347			2,140

Additions		20		57			11			-			-		-			88
Disposals		-		(115	)		(26	)		-			-		(23	)		(164	)
Balance at December 31, 2015		552		296			62			-			830		324			2,064

Accumulated Amortization

Balance at January 1, 2014		292		162			53			3			-		244			754

Amortization for the year		29		70			16			1			-		55			171
Disposals		-		(75	)		(21	)		(4	)		-		-			(100	)
Balance at December 31, 2014		321		157			48			-			-		299			825

Amortization for the year		30		74			12			-			-		33			149
Disposals		-		(115	)		(26	)		-			-		(23	)		(164	)
Balance at December 31, 2015		351		116			34			-			-		309			810

Carrying amounts

At January 1, 2014		240		180			36			1			830		103			1,390
At December 31, 2014		211		197			29			-			830		48			1,315
At December 31, 2015		201		180			28			-			830		15			1,254

In the ordinary course of business, the Group acquires Intangible assets in credit. The cost of acquisitions, which has not yet been paid at the reporting date, amounted to NIS 33 million (December 31, 2014 and 2013, NIS 34 million and NIS 10 million, respectively).

Impairment testing for cash-generating unit containing goodwill

For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to Netvision, which represents the lowest level within the Group, at which goodwill is monitored for internal management purposes, which is not higher than the reported operating segments. See Note 6, regarding Operating Segments.

The aggregate carrying amount of goodwill allocated to Netvision as of December 31, 2015, is NIS 753 million (2014 - NIS 753 million).

The recoverable amount of Netvision was based on its value in use and was determined by discounting the expected future cash flows to be generated from the continuing use. The recoverable amount of Netvision as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, was determined to be higher than its carrying amount and thus, no impairment loss has been recognized.

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Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 12 - Intangible Assets, Net (cont'd)

Key assumptions used in calculation of recoverable amount

Key assumptions used in the calculation of recoverable amounts are discount rate and terminal value growth rate. These assumptions are as follows:

(1)

Pre-tax discount rate and terminal value growth rate

	Pre-tax discount rate			Terminal value growth rate
	2015
Netvision		11.4	%		1.5	%

The discount rate and the terminal value growth rate are denominated in real terms.

Netvision has cash flows for 5 years, as included in its discounted cash flow model.

The long-term growth rate has been determined as 1.5% which represents, among others, the natural population growth rate.

The pre-tax discount rate is estimated and calculated using several assumptions, among other, Netvision's Cost of Equity, risk premium for normative debt leveraging of the Group and estimates of the normative leverage ratio for the industry.

(2)

Sensitivity to changes in assumptions

The estimated recoverable amount of Netvision exceeds its carrying amount by approximately NIS 50 million. Management has identified two key assumptions for which there reasonably could be a possible change that could cause the carrying amount to exceed the recoverable amount. The table below shows the amount that these two assumptions are required to change individually in order for the estimated recoverable amount to be equal to the carrying amount.

	2015
Pre-tax discount rate		11.8	%
Terminal value growth rate		0.9	%

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Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 13 - Trade Payables and Accrued Expenses

Composition

	December 31,
	2014		2015
	NIS millions		NIS millions
Trade payables		441		227
Accrued expenses		332		450
		773		677

Note 14 - Provisions

Composition


	Dismantling and restoring						Other contractual			Provision for
	sites			Litigations			obligations			warranty			Total
	NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions
Balance as at January 1, 2014		21			66			116			5			208
Provisions made during the year		1			17			11			-			29
Provisions reversed during the year		(1	)		(36	)		(75	)		(3	)		(115	)
Balance as at January 1, 2015		21			47			52			2			122
Provisions made during the year		3			27			11			-			41
Provisions reversed during the year		(4	)		(20	)		(7	)		(2	)		(33	)
Balance as at December 31, 2015		20			54			56			-			130

Non-current		20			-			-			-			20
Current		-			54			56			-			110
		20			54			56			-			130

Dismantling and restoring sites

The Group is required to incur certain costs in respect of a liability to dismantle and remove assets and to restore sites on which the assets were located. These dismantling costs are calculated on the basis of the identified costs for the current financial year, extrapolated for future years using the best estimate of future trends in prices, inflation, etc., and are discounted at a risk-free rate. Forecast of estimated site departures or asset returns is revised in light of future changes in regulations or technological requirements.

Litigations

The Group is involved in a number of legal and other disputes with third parties. The Group's management, after taking legal advice, has established provisions which take into account the facts of each case. The timing of cash outflows associated with legal claims cannot be reasonably determined. For detailed information regarding legal proceedings against the Group, refer to Note 31.

Other contractual obligations

Provisions for other contractual obligations and exposures include various obligations that are derived either from a constructive obligation or legislation for which there is a high uncertainty regarding the timing and amount of future expenditure required for settlement.

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Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 15 - Other Payables, Including Derivatives

Composition

	December 31,
	2014		2015
	NIS millions		NIS millions
Employees and related liabilities		102		123
Government institutions		40		11
Interest payable		167		108
Accrued expenses		7		8
Deferred revenue		30		21
Derivative financial instruments		24		15
		370		286

Note 16 - Other Long-term Liabilities

Composition

	December 31,
	2014		2015
	NIS millions		NIS millions
Long-term liabilities to trade payables		1		1
Deferred revenue		2		2
Derivative financial instruments		8		17
Other		1		4
		12		24

Note 17 - Debentures

This note provides information about the contractual terms of the Group's debentures, which are measured at amortized cost. For more information about the Group’s exposure to interest rate, foreign currency and liquidity risk, see Note 21.

	December 31,
	2014		2015
	NIS millions		NIS millions
Non- current liabilities
Debentures		3,548		3,054
Current liabilities
Current maturities of debentures		1,092		734

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Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 17 - Debentures (cont'd)

Terms and debt repayment schedule

The terms and conditions debentures are as follows:

								December 31, 2014				December 31, 2015
								NIS millions				NIS millions
	Currency		Nominal interest rate			Year of maturity		Face value		Carrying amount		Face value		Carrying amount

Debentures (Series B) - linked to the Israeli CPI		NIS		5.30	%		until 2017		555		668		370		441
Debentures (Series D) - linked to the Israeli CPI		NIS		5.19	%		until 2017		1,454		1,722		599		702
Debentures (Series E) - unlinked		NIS		6.25	%		until 2017		899		897		327		327
Debentures (Series F) - linked to the Israeli CPI		NIS		4.60	%		2017-2020		715		741		715		733
Debentures (Series G) - unlinked		NIS		6.99	%		2017-2019		285		286		285		286
Debentures (Series H) - linked to the Israeli CPI		NIS		1.98	%		2018-2024		106		105		950		801
Debentures (Series I) - unlinked		NIS		4.14	%		2018-2025		223		221		558		498
Total interest- bearing liabilities									4,237		4,640		3,804		3,788

In connection with the issuance of Series F and G debentures, the Company has undertaken to comply with certain financial and other covenants. Inter alia:

a Net Leverage* exceeding 5, or exceeding 4.5 during four consecutive quarters, shall constitute an event of default; As of December 31, 2015, the Net Leverage is 3.06.

not to distribute more than 95% of the profits available for distribution according to the Israeli Companies law ("Profits"); provided that if the Net Leverage* exceeds 3.5:1, the Company will not distribute more than 85% of its Profits and if the Net Leverage* exceeds 4:1, the Company will not distribute more than 70% of its Profits. Failure to comply with this covenant shall constitute an event of default;

cross default, excluding following an immediate repayment initiated in relation to a liability of NIS 150 million or less, shall constitute an event of default;

a negative pledge, subject to certain exceptions. Failure to comply with this covenant shall constitute an event of default;

an obligation to pay additional interest of 0.25% for two-notch downgrade in the debentures' rating and additional interest of 0.25% for each additional one-notch downgrade and up to a maximum addition of 1%, in comparison to the rating given to the debentures prior to their issuance;

failure to have the debentures rated over a period of 60 days, shall constitute an event of default.

* Net Leverage - the ratio of Net Debt to EBITDA, excluding one-time influences. Net Debt defined as credit and loans from banks and others and debentures, net of cash and cash equivalents and current investments in tradable securities. EBITDA defined as in relation to the twelve month period preceding the Group's most updated consolidated financial statements and calculated as profit before depreciation and amortization, other expenses/ income, net, financing expenses/ income, net and taxes on income.

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Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 17 - Debentures (cont'd)

In June 2013, the Company's rating was updated from an "ilAA-/negative" to an "ilA+/stable" rating, in relation to the Company's debentures traded on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange. Following this update of rating and since this was the second downgrade in the Debentures' rating since their issuance, the annual interest rate that the Company pays for its Series F and G debentures has been increased by 0.25% to 4.60% and 6.99%, respectively, beginning July 5, 2013.

In connection with the issuance of Series H and Series I debentures in July 2014, the Company undertook additional undertakings, in addition to those previously undertaken by the Company in its Series F and G indenture (as detailed above), including: (1) in addition to being an event of default, meeting the financial covenants previously undertaken by the Company (a maximum net leverage ratio (Net Debt to EBITDA ratio) in excess of 5.0:1, or in excess of 4.5:1 for four consecutive quarters) would be a condition for dividend distribution; and (2) meeting such financial covenants would also be a condition for the issuance of additional debentures of each of the two new series.

The Series H and Series I Indenture contains substantially similar events of default to those found in the Series F and Series G Indenture, with the exception of certain new events of default that do not appear in the Series F and Series G Indenture as well as certain modifications to the events of default that are found in the Series F and Series G Indenture, including: (1) breach of the above limitation on dividend distributions; (2) the minimum amount required for triggering a cross default shall not apply to a cross default triggered by another series of debentures; (3) the existence of a real concern that the Company shall not meet its material undertakings towards the debenture holders; (4) the inclusion in the Company's financial statements during a period of two consecutive quarters of a note regarding the existence of significant doubt as to the Company's ability to continue as a going concern; and (5) breach of the Company's undertakings regarding the issuance of additional debentures.

As of December 31, 2015, the Group is in compliance with the required covenants.

In February 2015, pursuant to an exchange offer for the exchange of a portion of the Company's Series D and E debentures with new debentures of the Company's Series H and I, respectively, or the Exchange Offer, under the Company's 2014 shelf prospectus and in a private offering, the Company issued approximately NIS 844 million principal amount of new debentures of Series H and approximately NIS 335 million principal amount new debentures of Series I (in exchange with approximately NIS 555 million principal amount of Series D and approximately NIS 272 million principal amount of Series E, respectively).

Described hereunder is the principal amount of the above mentioned debentures:

	Before the exchange		After the exchange
	NIS millions
Series D		1,454		899
Series E		599		327
Series F		106		950
Series G		223		558

In January 2016, after the end of the reporting period, the Group repaid interest and principal of debentures in a total sum of approximately NIS 476 million.

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Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 18 - Liability for Employee Rights Upon Retirement, Net

The obligation of the Group, under law and labor agreements, to pay severance pay employees who are not covered by the pension or insurance plans as mentioned in section A below, is NIS 12 million and NIS 14 million as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, as included in the consolidated statements of financial position, under Liability for employee rights upon retirement, net.

Post-employment benefit plans - defined contribution plan

The Group’s liability for severance pay for its Israeli employees is calculated pursuant to Israeli Severance Pay Law. The Group’s liability is mostly covered by monthly deposits with severance pay funds, insurance policies and by an accrual on the consolidated statements of financial position. For most of the Group's employees, the payments to pension funds and to insurance companies exempt the Group from any obligation towards its employees, in accordance with Section 14 of the Severance Pay Law-1963. Accumulated amounts in pension funds and in insurance companies are not under the Group's control or management and accordingly, neither those amounts nor the corresponding accrual for severance pay are presented in the consolidated statements of financial position.

Post-employment benefit plans - defined benefit plan

The portion of the severance payments which is not covered by deposits in defined contribution plans, as aforementioned, is accounted for by the Group as a defined benefit plan, according to which a liability for employee benefits is recognized and in respect of which, the Group deposits amounts in central severance pay funds and in appropriate insurance policies. The total liability as at December 31, 2015 is NIS 23 million (2014 - NIS 24 million). The fair value of the plan assets, the severance pay fund, is NIS 19 million (2014 - NIS 21 million). The expense recognized in the consolidated statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2015 in respect of defined benefit plans, is NIS 3 million (2014 - NIS 2 million).

As of December 31, 2015 the Group's liability for adaptation grants to employees is NIS 8 million (2014 - NIS 11 million).

Note 19 - Capital and Reserves

Share capital

	2013		2014		2015
	NIS
Issued and paid at January 1		994,814		995,316		1,005,845
Exercise of share options		502		10,529		201

Issued and paid at December 31		995,316		1,005,845		1,006,046

The share capital is comprised of ordinary shares of NIS 0.01 par value each.

At December 31, 2015, the authorized share capital was comprised of 300 million ordinary shares (December 31, 2014, 2013 - 300 million each). The holders of ordinary shares are entitled to receive dividends as declared.

F-42

Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 19 - Capital and Reserves (cont'd)

Basic and diluted earnings per share

The calculation of basic earnings per share was based on the profit attributable to ordinary shareholders and the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding (99,495,525, 99,924,306 and 100,589,458 during the years 2013, 2014 and 2015, respectively). The calculations of diluted earnings per share was based on the profit attributable to ordinary shares and the weighted average number of ordinary shares in the basic earnings per share in addition of 824,199, 781,976 and 72 incremental shares (NIS 0.01 par value each) that would be issued resulting from exercise of all options for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, respectively.

At December 31, 2015, 616 thousand options (2014 and 2013 - 453 thousand and 776 thousand options, respectively) were excluded from the diluted weighted average number of ordinary shares calculation as their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

The average market value of the Company’s shares for purposes of calculating the dilutive effect of share options was based on quoted market prices for the period that the options were outstanding.

Dividends

Dividends paid by the Company during the reported periods are as follows:

In 2015 and 2014 the Company did not pay dividend to the shareholders of the Company. In 2013, the Company paid to the shareholders of the Company a cash dividend in the amount of NIS 0.85 per share, totaling approximately NIS 85 million.

Hedging reserve

The hedging reserve comprises the effective portion of the cumulative net change in the fair value of cash flow hedging instruments related to hedged transactions that have not yet occurred or exercised.

Rights offering

In June 2015, the Company filed a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, and the Israeli Securities Authority, or the ISA, in preparation for a possible rights offering that proposed to raise approximately NIS 120-150 million (assuming a full exercise of subscription rights), or "the Rights Offering".

The execution, timing, terms (including subscription ratio) and amount of such proposed Rights Offering have not yet been determined and are subject to further approvals of the Company's Board of Directors, declaration of effectiveness of the registration statement by the SEC, and approvals of the ISA, the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange. There is no assurance that such approvals will be received or that the Rights Offering will be executed, nor as to its timing, terms or amount.

DIC notified the Company that if the Company executes an equity offering (whether through ordinary shares offering or rights offering or in any other manner), DIC intends, to the extent DIC's cash flows needs will allow it, to invest in such offering so that DIC's relative holdings in the Company's share capital does not fall below its pre-offering holding, and to make an additional investment, if possible, so that DIC's total investment in such offering shall not exceed NIS 100 million.

F-43

Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 20 - Share-Based Payments

In September 2006, the Company's Board of Directors approved a share based incentive plan for employees, directors, consultants, sub-contractors of the Company and the Company’s affiliates. The terms of share-based payments include a dividend adjustment mechanism. The options will be exercised at net, with no cash transfer.

In March 2015, the Company's board of directors approved a new shared based incentive plan - "2015 Share Incentive Plan" for employees, directors, consultants and sub-contractors of the Company and the Company's affiliates. Under the plan, the Company's board of directors is authorized to determine the terms of the grants, including the identity of grantees, the number of options or restricted stock units ("RSUs") to be granted, the vesting schedule and the exercise price. The terms of the share based payments include a dividend adjustment mechanism. The options will be exercised at net exercise mechanism, with no cash transfer.

Number of

Contractual

Adjusted exercise price per share as

instruments

life of

of December 31,

Grant date/employees entitled

In thousands

Vesting conditions

options

2015

Share options granted in November 2010 to senior employees

Four equal installments over four years of employment

6 years

$23.15

Share options granted in May 2011 to senior employees

1,060

Three equal installments over three years of employment

4.5 years

$28.95

Share options granted in August 2012 to senior
employees

2,410

Two equal installments over two years of employment

3.5 years

$5.67

Share options granted in March 2013 to senior employees

Two equal installments over two years of employment

3.5 years

$7.34

Share options granted in December 2013 to senior employees

234

Three equal installments over three years of employment

4.5 years

$14.65

Share options granted in August 2015 to senior employees

2,660

Three equal installments over three years of employment

4.5 years

NIS 25.65

The total compensation expense during the year ended December 31, 2015, related to the options granted is NIS 3 million (2014 - NIS 3 million, 2013 - NIS 9 million).

F-44

Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 20 - Share-Based Payments (cont'd)

The changes in the balances of the options were as follows:

				Weighted average					Weighted average					Weighted average
	Number of			of exercise price		Number of			of exercise price		Number of			of exercise price
	options			(US Dollars)		options			(US Dollars)		options			(US Dollars)
	2013					2014					2015

Balance as at January 1		3,019,152			10.89		2,965,964			10.35		638,865			15.86

Granted during the year		309,000			12.88		-			-		2,660,000			6.69

Forfeited during the year		(258,878	)		18.91		(341,006	)		27.01		(292,798	)		19.52

Exercised during the year		(103,310	)		5.91		(1,986,093	)		5.72		(132,877	)		5.67

Total options outstanding as at December 31		2,965,964			10.35		638,865			15.86		2,873,190			7.40

Total of exercisable options as at December 31*		1,426,232			11.27		445,365			17.00		170,190			15.13

* The weighted average of the remaining contractual life of options outstanding as at December 31, 2015 is 2.5 years.

	2013		2014		2015

Fair value of share options and assumptions:

Fair value at grant date		$1.51-$2.89		-		NIS 3.5

Fair value assumptions:

Share price at grant date		$7.2-$13.57		-		NIS 23.75

Exercise price		$7.58-$14.66		-		NIS 25.65

Expected volatility (weighted average)		37.72%-41.12%		-		35.9%

Option life (expected weighted average life)		2.3 years		-		2.3 years

Risk free interest rate		0.23%-0.59%		-		0.4%

F-45

Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 21 - Financial Instruments

Credit risk

Exposure to credit risk

The carrying amount of financial assets represents the maximum credit exposure. The maximum exposure to credit risk at the reporting date was:

	December 31,		December 31,
	2014		2015
	NIS millions		NIS millions

Trade receivables including long-term amounts		1,893		1,721
Loans and other receivables including long-term amounts		74		9
Investment in debt securities		520		280
Cash and cash equivalents in banks		1,158		761
Derivative financial instrument		1		1
		3,646		2,772

The maximum exposure to credit risk of financial assets at the reporting date by type of counterparty is:

	December 31,		December 31,
	2014		2015
	NIS millions		NIS millions

Receivables from subscribers		1,687		1,588
Receivables from distributors and other operators		206		133
Investment in government of Israel debt securities		293		151
Investment in institutional debt securities		227		129
Cash and cash equivalents in banks		1,158		761
Other		75		10
		3,646		2,772

Impairment losses

The aging of financial assets at the reporting date was as follows:

	Gross		Impairment		Gross		Impairment
	2014				2015
	NIS millions		NIS millions		NIS millions		NIS millions

Not past due		3,553		30		2,675		28
Past due less than one year		143		58		136		53
Past due more than one year		181		143		163		121
		3,877		231		2,974		202

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Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 21 - Financial Instruments (cont'd)

The movement in the allowance for impairment in respect of trade receivables during the year was as follows:

	2014			2015
	NIS millions			NIS millions

Balance at January 1		274			231
Impairment loss recognized		(74	)		(61	)
Doubtful debt expenses		31			32
Balance at December 31		231			202

The allowance accounts in respect of trade receivables is used to record impairment losses unless the Group is satisfied that no recovery of the amount owing is possible; at that point the amount considered irrecoverable is written off against the trade receivable directly.

Liquidity risk

The following are the maturities of contractual of financial liabilities and other non-contractual liabilities, including estimated interest payments and excluding the impact of netting agreements:

December 31, 2015	Carrying			Contractual															More than
	amount			Cash flows			1^styear			2^ndyear			3^rdyear			4-5 years			5 years
	NIS millions

Debentures*		(3,896	)		(4,549	)		(909	)		(996	)		(610	)		(957	)		(1,077	)
Trade and other payables		(808	)		(808	)		(808	)		-			-			-			-
Forward exchange contracts on CPI		(32	)		(32	)		(15	)		(3	)		(14	)		-			-
Long-term liabilities to trade payables		(5	)		(5	)		-			-			-			(5	)		-
		(4,741	)		(5,394	)		(1,732	)		(999	)		(624	)		(962	)		(1,077	)

* Including accrued interest on debentures. In February 2015, the Company exchanged a portion of Series D and E debentures with new debentures of the Company's Series H and I, respectively. For further details, see Note 17.

December 31, 2014	Carrying			Contractual															More than
	amount			Cash flows			1^styear			2^ndyear			3^rdyear			4-5 years			5 years
	NIS millions

Debentures*		(4,807	)		(5,295	)		(1,338	)		(1,278	)		(1,345	)		(817	)		(517	)
Trade and other payables		(882	)		(882	)		(882	)		-			-			-			-
Forward exchange contracts on CPI		(31	)		(31	)		(23	)		(4	)		-			(4	)		-
Long-term liabilities to trade payables		(1	)		(1	)		-			(1	)		-			-			-
		(5,721	)		(6,209	)		(2,243	)		(1,283	)		(1,345	)		(821	)		(517	)

* Including accrued interest on debentures.

F-47

Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 21 - Financial Instruments (cont'd)

Currency risk and CPI

The Group's exposure to foreign currency risk and CPI is as follows:

	December 31, 2014									December 31, 2015
	In or linked									In or linked
	to foreign									to foreign
	currencies			Linked						currencies			Linked
	(mainly USD)			to CPI			Unlinked			(mainly USD)			to CPI			Unlinked
	NIS millions									NIS millions
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents		39			-			1,119			42			-			719
Current investments, including derivatives		1			268			252			1			141			139
Trade receivables		110			-			1,307			77			-			1,177
Other receivables, including derivatives		1			-			6			-			1			5

Non- current assets
Long-term receivables		-			18			525			-			3			467

Current liabilities
Current maturities of debentures		-			(792	)		(300	)		-			(570	)		(164	)
Trade payables and accrued expenses		(262	)		-			(511	)		(325	)		-			(352	)
Other current liabilities, including derivatives		(1	)		(120	)		(179	)		-			(82	)		(172	)

Non- current liabilities
Debentures		-			(2,444	)		(1,104	)		-			(2,107	)		(947	)
Other non- current liabilities		(1	)		(8	)		-			-			(17	)		(5	)
		(113	)		(3,078	)		1,115			(205	)		(2,631	)		867

F-48

Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 21 - Financial Instruments (cont'd)

Currency risk and CPI (cont'd)

The Group's exposure to linkage and foreign currency risk in respect of derivatives is as follows:

December 31, 2015

Currency/

linkage

receivable

Currency/

linkage

payable

Notional Value

Fair value

NIS millions

Instruments not used for hedging

Forward exchange contracts on foreign currencies

USD

NIS

Forward exchange contracts on CPI

CPI

NIS

1,200

(32

)

Foreign currency call options

USD

NIS

Foreign currency put options

NIS

USD

117

December 31, 2014

Currency/

linkage

receivable

Currency/

linkage

payable

Notional Value

Fair value

NIS millions

Instruments not used for hedging

Forward exchange contracts on foreign currencies

USD

NIS

Forward exchange contracts on CPI

CPI

NIS

1,925

(31

)

Foreign currency call options

USD

NIS

F-49

Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 21 - Financial Instruments (cont'd)

Currency risk and CPI (cont'd)

Sensitivity analysis

A change of the CPI as at December 31, 2015 and 2014 would have increased (decreased) equity and profit or loss by the amounts shown below. This analysis assumes that all other variables, in particular interest rates, remain constant. The analysis is performed on the same basis for 2014.

				Equity			Net income
	Change			NIS millions			NIS millions

December 31, 2015
Increase in the CPI of		2.0	%		(16	)		(16	)
Increase in the CPI of		1.0	%		(6	)		(6	)
Decrease in the CPI of		(1.0	%)		4			4
Decrease in the CPI of		(2.0	%)		9			9

December 31, 2014
Increase in the CPI of		2.0	%		(17	)		(17	)
Increase in the CPI of		1.0	%		(8	)		(8	)
Decrease in the CPI of		(1.0	%)		8			8
Decrease in the CPI of		(2.0	%)		17			17

Sensitivity of change in foreign exchange rate is immaterial as at December 31, 2015 and 2014.

Interest rate risk

Profile

At the reporting date the interest rate profile of the Group's interest-bearing financial instruments, not including derivatives, was:

	Carrying amount
	2014			2015
	NIS millions			NIS millions
Fixed rate instruments
Financial assets		1,541			985
Financial liabilities		(4,640	)		(3,788	)
		(3,099	)		(2,803	)
Variable rate instruments
Financial assets		6			2
Financial liabilities		-			-
		6			2

F-50

Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 21 - Financial Instruments (cont'd)

Fair value sensitivity analysis for fixed rate instruments

A change of interest rates at the reporting date would have increased (decreased) equity and profit or loss by the amounts shown below. This analysis assumes that all other variables, in particular foreign currency rates, remain constant.

	Equity										Profit or loss
	1.0% increase			1.0% decrease		0.5% increase			0.5% decrease		1.0% increase		1.0% decrease		0.5% increase			0.5% decrease
	NIS millions										NIS millions
December 31, 2015
Fair value sensitivity (net)		(8	)		8		(4	)		4	(8	)		8		(4	)		4

	Equity										Profit or loss
	1.0% increase			1.0% decrease		0.5% increase			0.5% decrease		1.0% increase		1.0% decrease		0.5% increase			0.5% decrease
	NIS millions										NIS millions
December 31, 2014
Fair value sensitivity (net)		(14	)		14		(7	)		7	(14	)		14		(7	)		7

Cash flow sensitivity analysis for variable rate instruments

A change of 1% in interest rates at the end of the reporting period would have increased (decreased) equity and profit or loss by immaterial amounts.

Fair Values

(1)

Financial instruments measured at fair value for disclosure purposes only

The book value of certain financial assets and liabilities, including cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables, current investments, including derivatives, trade and other payables, including derivatives and other long-term liabilities, are equal or approximate to their fair value.

The fair values of the remaining financial liabilities and their book values as presented in the consolidated statements of financial position are as follows:

	December 31, 2014						December 31, 2015
	Book value			Fair value			Book value			Fair value*
	NIS millions						NIS millions
Debentures including current maturities and accrued interest		(4,807	)		(5,107	)		(3,896	)		(4,198	)

* The fair value includes principal and interest in a total sum of approximately NIS 476 million, paid in January 2016, after the end of the reporting period.

The fair value of marketable debentures is determined by reference to the quoted closing asking price at the reporting date (level 1).

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Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 21 - Financial Instruments (cont'd)

(2)

Fair value hierarchy of financial instruments measured at fair value

The table below analyses financial instruments carried at fair value, by valuation method.

	December 31, 2015
		Level 1	Level 2		Level 3	Total
		NIS millions	NIS millions		NIS millions	NIS millions
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
Current investments in debt securities		280	-		-	280
Derivatives		-	1		-	1
Total assets		280	1		-	281

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss
Derivatives		-	(32	)	-	(32	)
Total liabilities		-	(32	)	-	(32	)

There have been no transfers during the year between Levels 1 and 2.

	December 31, 2014
		Level 1	Level 2		Level 3	Total
		NIS millions	NIS millions		NIS millions	NIS millions
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
Current investments in debt securities		520	-		-	520
Long-term receivables		-	49		-	49
Derivatives		-	1		-	1
Total assets		520	50		-	570

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss
Derivatives		-	(32	)	-	(32	)
Total liabilities		-	(32	)	-	(32	)

F-52

Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 21 - Financial Instruments (cont'd)

(3)

Details regarding fair value measurement at Level 2


Financial instrument	Valuation method for determining fair value

Forward contracts	Fair value measured on the basis of discounting the difference between the forward price in the contract and the current forward price for the residual period until redemption using market interest rates appropriate for similar instruments, including the adjustment required for the parties’ credit risks.

Foreign currency options	Fair value is measured based on the Black-Scholes formula.

(4)

Offset of financial assets and financial liabilities

The following table sets out the carrying amounts of recognized financial instruments that were offset in the consolidated statements of financial position:

	December 31, 2015
	Note		Gross amounts of recognized financial assets (liabilities)			Gross amounts of financial assets (liabilities) recognized and offset in the consolidated statements of financial position			Net amounts of financial assets (liabilities) presented in the consolidated statements of financial position
			NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions
Financial assets
Trade receivables		9		362			(303	)		59
				362			(303	)		59
Financial liabilities
Trade payables and accrued expenses		13		(336	)		303			(33	)
				(336	)		303			(33	)

F-53

Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 21 - Financial Instruments (cont'd)

(4)

Offset of financial assets and financial liabilities (cont'd)

	December 31, 2014
	Note		Gross amounts of recognized financial assets (liabilities)			Gross amounts of financial assets (liabilities) recognized and offset in the consolidated statements of financial position			Net amounts of financial assets (liabilities) presented in the consolidated statements of financial position
			NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions
Financial assets
Trade receivables		9		342			(238	)		104
				342			(238	)		104
Financial liabilities
Trade payables and accrued expenses		13		(264	)		238			(26	)
				(264	)		238			(26	)

Note 22 - Revenues

Composition

	Year ended December 31,
	2013		2014		2015
	NIS millions		NIS millions		NIS millions
Revenues from equipment		942		1,005		1,048
Revenues from services:
Cellular services		2,797		2,487		2,121
Land-line communications services		*1,042		*940		866
Other services		146		138		145
Total revenues from services		3,985		3,565		3,132
Total revenues		4,927		4,570		4,180

*Reclassified

F-54

Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 23 - Cost of Revenues

Composition

	Year ended December 31,
	2013		2014		2015
	NIS millions		NIS millions		NIS millions
According to source of income:
Cost of revenues from equipment		719		744		763
Cost of revenues from services		2,271		1,983		2,000
		2,990		2,727		2,763
According to its components:
Cost of revenues from equipment		719		744		763

Rent and related expenses		365		310		332
Salaries and related expenses		298		260		265
Fees to other operators and others		882		761		789
Cost of value added services		149		114		86
Depreciation and amortization		418		410		381
Royalties and fees		91		98		96
Other		68		30		51
Total cost of revenues from services		2,271		1,983		2,000
		2,990		2,727		2,763

Note 24 - Selling and Marketing Expenses

Composition

	Year ended December 31,
	2013		2014		2015
	NIS millions		NIS millions		NIS millions
Salaries and related expenses		305		277		278
Commissions		161		197		196
Advertising and public relations		62		46		26
Depreciation and amortization		86		59		38
Other		103		93		82
		717		672		620

Note 25 - General and Administrative Expenses

Composition

	Year ended December 31,
	2013		2014		2015
	NIS millions		NIS millions		NIS millions
Salaries and related expenses		137		121		114
Depreciation and amortization		172		141		143
Rent and maintenance		74		62		59
Data processing and professional services		48		57		51
Allowance for doubtful accounts		81		31		32
Other		58		51		66
		570		463		465

F-55

Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 26 - Other Expenses

In April 2015, the Group, in collaboration with the employees' representatives, launched a new voluntary retirement plan for employees, following which, the Company recorded an expense in an amount of approximately NIS 25 million in the second quarter of 2015, with respect to employees joining this plan (in the second quarter of 2014, the Company recorded an expense in an amount of approximately NIS 39 million in respect of another voluntary retirement plan for employees).

Note 27 - Financing Income and Expenses

Composition

	Year ended December 31,
	2013			2014			2015
	NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions
Interest income on deposits		15			6			2
Interest income from installment sale transactions		83			61			47
Net change in fair value of financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss		20			15			5
Premium amortization		21			18			-
Foreign exchange differences and other		17			-			1
Financing income		156			100			55

Linkage expenses to CPI and interest expenses on long-term liabilities		(385	)		(251	)		(169	)
Net change in fair value of derivatives		(14	)		(33	)		(32	)
Discount amortization		-			-			(22	)
Foreign exchange differences and other		(3	)		(14	)		(9	)
Financing expenses		(402	)		(298	)		(232	)
Net financing expenses recognized in profit or loss		(246	)		(198	)		(177	)

Note 28 - Income Tax

A. Details regarding the tax environment of the Group

Corporate tax rate

(a)

Presented hereunder are the tax rates relevant to the Company in the years 2013-2015:

2013 - 25%

2014 - 26.5%

2015 - 26.5%

Current taxes for the reported periods are calculated according to the tax rates presented above.

On January 4, 2016, after the end of the reporting period, the Knesset plenum passed The Law for the Amendment of the Israeli Tax Ordinance (Amendment 216), by which, inter alia, the corporate tax rate would be reduced by 1.5% to a rate of 25% as from 2016.

If the law had been substantively enacted before December 31, 2015, the effect of the change on the financial statements as at December 31, 2015 would have been reflected in a decrease in the deferred tax liabilities in the amount of NIS 14 million and a decrease in the deferred tax assets in the amount of NIS 7 million. The effect of the change in the deferred tax balances would have been recognized against deferred tax income in the amount of NIS 7 million.

F-56

Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 28 - Income Tax (cont'd)

(b)

On January 12, 2012, Amendment 188 to the Ordinance was issued, by which the Temporary Order was amended so that Standard 29 shall not apply also when determining the taxable income for 2010 and 2011. On July 31, 2014 an amendment no. 202 to the Ordinance was issued, by which the Temporary Order was extended to the 2012 and 2013 tax years, effective retroactively as from January 1, 2012.

Composition of income tax expense (income)

	Year ended December 31,
	2013			2014			2015
	NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions

Current tax expense (income)
Current year		128			96			45
Adjustments for prior years, net		(1	)		(5	)		-
		127			91			45

Deferred tax expense (income)
Creation and reversal of temporary differences		(17	)		19			(9	)
Change in tax rate		7			-			-
		(10	)		19			(9	)

Income tax expense		117			110			36

Income tax in respect of other comprehensive income

Year ended December 31, 2015

Before tax

Tax benefit

Net of tax

NIS millions

Other comprehensive loss items

)

F-57

Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 28 - Income Tax (cont'd)

Income tax in respect of other comprehensive income (cont'd)

Year ended December 31, 2014

Before tax

Tax expenses

Net of tax

NIS millions

Other comprehensive income items

)

Year ended December 31, 2013

Before tax

Tax benefit

Net of tax

NIS millions

Other comprehensive loss items

)

Reconciliation between the theoretical tax on the pre-tax profit and the tax expense

	Year ended December 31,
	2013			2014			2015
	NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions

Profit before taxes on income		405			464			133
Primary tax rate of the Group		25	%		26.5	%		26.5	%

Tax calculated according to the Group’s primary tax rate		101			123			35

Additional tax (tax saving) in respect of:

Non-deductible expenses		6			3			5
Taxes in respect of previous years		(1	)		(5	)		-
Effect of change in tax rate		7			-			-
Tax exempt income		(2	)		(6	)		(1	)
Other differences		6			(5	)		(3	)

Income tax expenses		117			110			36

F-58

Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 28 - Income Tax (cont'd)

Deferred tax assets and liabilities

(1)

Recognized deferred tax assets and liabilities

Deferred taxes are calculated according to the tax rate anticipated to be in effect on the date of reversal as stated above.

The movement in deferred tax assets and liabilities is attributable to the following items:

	Allowance for doubtful debts			Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets			Hedging transactions		Carry forward tax deductions and losses			Other			Total
	NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions		NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions
Balance of deferred tax asset (liability) as at January 1, 2015		61			(211	)		1		11			15			(123	)
Changes recognized in profit or loss		(8	)		10			-		(3	)		10			9
Changes recognized in other comprehensive income		-			-			-		-			-			-

Balance of deferred tax asset (liability) as at December 31, 2015		53			(201	)		1		8			25			(114	)

Deferred tax asset		53			39			1		8			26			127
Offset of balances																(118	)

Deferred tax asset in the consolidated statements of financial position as at December 31, 2015																9

Deferred tax liability		-			(240	)		-		-			(1	)		(241	)
Offset of balances																118

Deferred tax liability in the consolidated statements of financial position as at December 31, 2015																(123	)

F-59

Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 28 - Income Tax (cont'd)

Deferred tax assets and liabilities (cont’d)

(1)

Recognized deferred tax assets and liabilities (cont’d)

	Allowance for doubtful debts			Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets			Hedging transactions			Carry forward tax deductions and losses			Other			Total
	NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions			NIS millions
Balance of deferred tax asset (liability) as at January 1, 2014		73			(205	)		5			15			12			(100	)
Changes recognized in profit or loss		(12	)		(6	)		-			(4	)		3			(19	)
Changes recognized in other comprehensive income		-			-			(4	)		-			-			(4	)

Balance of deferred tax asset (liability) as at December 31, 2014		61			(211	)		1			11			15			(123	)

Deferred tax asset		61			36			1			11			18			127
Offset of balances																	(110	)

Deferred tax asset in the consolidated statements of financial position as at December 31, 2014																	17

Deferred tax liability		-			(247	)		-			-			(3	)		(250	)
Offset of balances																	110

Deferred tax liability in the consolidated statements of financial position as at December 31, 2014																	(140	)

(2)

Unrecognized deferred tax liability

As at December 31, 2015 and 2014, a deferred tax liability for temporary differences related to an investment in a subsidiary was not recognized because the decision as to whether to sell the investment rests with the Group and it is satisfied that it will not be sold in the foreseeable future.

Tax assessments

The Company and Netvision have received final tax assessments up to and including the year ended December 31, 2011 (2011 fiscal year).

F-60

Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 29 - Operating Leases

Non-cancelable operating lease rentals are payable as follows:

	December 31,
	2015
	NIS millions
Less than one year		205
Between one and five years		646
More than five years		240
		1,091

During the year ended December 31, 2015, NIS 285 million was recognized as expenses in respect of operating leases in the consolidated statements of income (2014 and 2013, NIS 258 million and NIS 276 million, respectively).

Major operating lease and service agreements:

Office buildings and warehouses - there are lease agreements for periods of up to 14 years.

Switching stations- there are lease agreements for switching station locations for periods of up to 18 years.

Cell sites- there are lease agreements for cell sites for periods of up to 21 years.

Service centers, retail stores and stands - there are lease agreements for service and installation centers and stands for periods of up to 13 years.

Motor vehicles - lease for a period of 3 years.

Note 30 - Commitments

The Group has commitments regarding the license it was granted in 1994, most of which are:

Not to pledge any of the assets used to execute the license without the advance consent of the Ministry of Communications.

The Company's shareholders' joint equity, combined with the Company's equity, shall not amount to less than US$ 200 million. Regarding this stipulation, a shareholder holding less than 10% of the rights to the Company's equity is not taken into account.

The Group is in compliance with the above conditions. See also Note 32(5), regarding the change in control in IDB and consequently indirectly in the Company.

As at December 31, 2015, the Group has commitments to purchase equipment for the communications networks, end user equipment, systems and software maintenance, and content and related services, in a total amount of approximately NIS 414 million.

F-61

Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 30 - Commitments (cont'd)

In September 2014, the Company and Pelephone Communications Ltd, or Pelephone, entered into a co-operation agreement regarding maintenance services for passive elements of cell sites, including unifying passive elements and streamlining costs, through a common contractor. In July 2015, the Israeli Antitrust Commissioner approved the co-operation agreement for a period of ten years under certain conditions. However, the parties have been unable to progress its execution and the Company can provide no assurance that such co-operation will occur in the future.

Between 2003 and 2015, Netvision entered into a number of agreements with Mediterranean Nautilus Ltd. and Mediterranean Nautilus (Israel) Ltd., or collectively Med Nautilus, for the purchase of rights of use of certain telecommunications capacities on Med Nautilus' communications cables, as well as maintenance and operation services relating to these cables. Over the last few years Netvision has increased the capacity purchased for significantly lower prices, as well as reduced maintenance costs. The term of the agreement with respect to capacity purchased from Med Nautilus is in effect until May 2032. Netvision has the option to terminate agreements with respect to parts of the capacity in 2022 and 2027. The remainder of the obligation under all existing agreements as of December 31, 2015 is NIS 204 million.

In February 2015, the Company entered a collective employment agreement with its employees' representatives and the Histadrut (an Israeli union labor) for a term of 3 years (2015-2017). The agreement applies to the Company's and 013 Netvision Ltd.'s (the Company's indirect wholly owned subsidiary) employees, excluding certain managerial and specific positions. The agreement defines employment policy and terms in various aspects, including: minimum wages, annual salary increase, incentives, benefits and other one time or annual payments to the employees, as well as a welfare budget and procedures relating to manning a position, change of place of employment and dismissal, including management and employees' representative respective authority with regards to each. The agreement includes terms, whereby the employees are entitled to participate in the Company's operational income over a certain threshold and enjoy additional payments, under certain conditions. The estimated cost of the agreement over its term is expected to be approximately NIS 200 million, before tax, based on the Group's forcasts. In the first quarter of 2015, the Company has recorded a one-time expense in the amount of approximately NIS 30 million in the statements of income in respect of the agreement.

In May 2015, the Company entered into a loan agreement with two Israeli financial institutions, or Lenders, according to which the Lenders have agreed, subject to certain customary conditions, to provide the Company two deferred loans for the total principal amount of NIS 400 million, without any linkage, as follows:

A loan principal amount of NIS 200 million will be provided to the Company in June 2016, and will bear an annual fixed interest of 4.6%. The loan's principal amount will be payable in four equal annual payments on June 30 of each of the years 2018 through 2021 (inclusive). The interest will be paid in ten semi-annual installments on June 30 and December 31, of each calendar year commencing December 31, 2016 through and including June 30, 2021.

F-62

Table of Contents

Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 30 - Commitments (cont'd)

A loan principal amount of NIS 200 million will be provided to the Company in June 2017, and will bear an annual fixed interest of 5.1%. The loan's principal amount will be payable in four equal annual payments on June 30 of each of the years 2019 through 2022 (inclusive). The interest will be paid in ten semi-annual installments on June 30 and December 31, of each calendar year commencing December 31, 2017 through and including June 30, 2022.

Under the agreement, the interest rate may be subject to certain adjustments. Until the provision of the loans, the Company is required to pay the Lenders a commitment fee. The Company may cancel or prepay one or both loans, subject to a certain cancelation fee or prepayment fee, as applicable. The agreement includes standard terms and obligations and also generally includes the negative pledge, limitations on distributions, events of default and financial covenants applicable to the Company's series F through I debentures (which are included in Note 17 to the annual financial statements).

In August 2015, the Company entered into a loan agreement with an Israeli bank, or Lender, according to which the Lender has agreed, subject to certain customary conditions, to provide the Company a deferred loan in a principal amount of NIS 140 million, without any linkage, which will be provided to the Company in December 2016, and will bear an annual fixed interest of 4.9%. The loan's principal amount will be payable in five equal annual payments on June 30 of each of the years 2018 through 2022 (inclusive).

Under the Agreement, the interest rate may be subject to certain adjustments. Until the provision of the loan, the Company is required to pay the Lender a commitment fee and if the Company does not borrow - certain additional fees. The Company may borrow the loan earlier, in which case the repayment shall be earlier and may prepay the loan, subject to a prepayment fee. The agreement also includes certain events which if not approved by the Lender allow the Lender to notify the Company of an acceleration of the repayment of the loan.

The agreement includes standard terms and obligations and also generally includes the negative pledge, limitations on distributions, financial covenants and event of defaults applicable to the Company's series F through I debentures, with certain modifications, including foreclosure, materialization of a pledge, execution actions, receivership and (subject to certain exclusions) sale of assets, in a specified certain lower amount, a failure to operate in a field which is material to the Company's operations and mergers and changes of formation (with more limited exclusions) will trigger an event of default. In case the Company provides stricter financial covenants to another financial institution or debenture holder, those will apply to this agreement as well.

In November 2015, the Company entered an agreement (the "Agreement") with Golan Telecom Ltd., or Golan, and its shareholders for the purchase of 100% of the shares of Golan, an Israeli cellular operator, for the sum of NIS 1.17 billion ("Purchase Price").

The main provisions of the Agreement include:

In consideration of 100% of Golan's shares, the Company shall pay Golan's shareholders the Purchase Price, subject to certain receivables and payables adjustments and adjustments due to specified material adverse events with respect to Golan that are specified in the Agreement.

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 30 - Commitments (cont'd)

Up to NIS 400 million out of the Purchase Price shall be paid in the form of a 5 year mandatorily convertible note issued to the sellers by the Company. The note shall be repaid through the issuance of ordinary shares of the Company, with a value equal to the principal amount of the note (the number of shares to be computed based on the Company's average share trading price in the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange shortly after the closing date, minus a certain discount). The sellers may request conversion or assign the note at any time after the second anniversary of the closing date. Until conversion, the note will entitle its holder to a fixed deferred amount equal to 3.5% of the principal per annum paid semi-annually and other customary adjustments. Upon conversion or maturity, the Company may elect, at its sole discretion, to repay the sellers by the equivalent market value of the shares, rather than issue the shares. Golan's shareholders will receive limited customary registration rights in relation to such shares.

Previous network sharing agreements between the Company and Golan, which were subject to the approvals of the Israeli Ministry of communications, or MOC, and the Israeli Antitrust Commissioner, which were not granted, are void. According to a previous agreement between the parties, if the said approvals will not have been granted until December 31, 2015, Golan would have been obligated to pay the Company the difference between the reduced payment it actually paid and the full payment it was required to pay according to the national roaming agreement, for the national roaming services provided and to be provided by the Company to Golan from July 2014 until December 31, 2015. As part of the Agreement, the parties further agreed to postpone the payment date for such difference, which was set to NIS 600 million, until the earlier of the valid termination of the Agreement or the lapse of 12 months from the signing of the Agreement, if no closing is reached by then.

Golan shall continue to purchase national roaming services from the Company, until the earlier of the closing date or a certain date specified in the Agreement following its termination date and as of January 2016, shall increase its monthly payment to the Company to approximately NIS 21 million. After closing, the Company shall no longer receive national roaming revenues from Golan.

The Agreement contains generally customary representations, covenants, indemnification arrangements, closing conditions and termination terms. Specific closing conditions include the receipt of the approvals of the MOC and the Antitrust Commissioner, and absence of a material adverse change in Golan's condition, as defined in the Agreement. The Agreement can be terminated by either party if closing does not occur until the lapse of 12 months from the Agreement date.

The Company intends to finance the Purchase Price through a combination of equity and debt. The Company expects that in addition to the said NIS 400 million convertible note, it would issue approximately NIS 200 million of equity (which may include a rights offering - for additional details see Note 19, regarding Capital and Reserves) and will finance the remainder from internal sources and debt raising.

There is no assurance that the Agreement shall be approved by the Israeli regulators, nor as to the execution of such a sale.

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 31 - Contingent Liabilities

In the ordinary course of business, the Group is involved in various lawsuits against it. The costs that may result from these lawsuits are only accrued for when it is more likely than not that a liability, resulting from past events, will be incurred and the amount of that liability can be quantified or estimated within a reasonable range. The amount of the provisions recorded is based on a case-by-case assessment of the risk level, while events that occur in the course of the litigation may require a reassessment of this risk. The Group’s assessment of risk is based both on the advice of its legal counsels and on the Group's estimate of the probable settlements amounts that are expected to be incurred, if such settlements will be agreed by both parties. The provision recorded in the consolidated financial statements in respect of all lawsuits against the Group amounted to NIS 54 million (see also Note 14, regarding Provisions).

Described hereunder are the outstanding lawsuits against the Group, classified into groups with similar characteristic. The amounts presented below are calculated based on the claims amounts as of the date of their submission to the Group.

Consumer claims

In the ordinary course of business, lawsuits have been filed against the Group by its customers. These are mostly purported class actions, particularly concerning allegations of illegal collection of funds, unlawful conduct or breach of license, or a breach of agreements with customers, causing monetary and non-monetary damage to them. As of December 31, 2015, the amounts claimed from the Group by its customers sum up to NIS 23.84 billion (including a class action as detailed below). In addition, there are other purported class actions against the Group, in which the amount claimed has not been quantified if certified as class actions and in respect of which the Group has an additional exposure to the above mentioned. In addition, there are other purported class actions for approximately NIS 2.35 billion, that have been filed against the Group and other defendants together without specifying the amount claimed from the Group, which the Group has an additional exposure to the above mentioned and there are other purported class actions, that have been filed against the Group and other defendants together in which the amount claimed has not been quantified if certified as class actions and in respect of which the Group has an additional exposure to the above mentioned.

In November 2013, the District Court of Central Region approved a request to certify a lawsuit filed against the Group in September 2011 as a class action, relating to an allegation that the Group breached the agreements with its subscribers by failing to provide them with the full rebates they are entitled to under their agreements. The total amount claimed was estimated by the plaintiff to be approximately NIS 15 million.

Of all the consumer purported class actions, in five purported class actions in a total amount estimated by the plaintiffs to be approximately NIS 80 million and in two purported class action for approximately NIS 481 million that has been filed against the Group and other defendant together without specifying the amount claimed from the Group, and in three purported class actions that has been filed against the Group without specifying the amount claimed from the Group, settlement agreements or dismissal arrangements were filed with the court and the procedures are still pending.

Of all the consumer purported class actions, there are five purported class actions for approximately NIS 353 million, and another purported class action, in which the amount claimed has not been quantified if certified, which at this early stage it is not possible to assess their chances of success.

After the end of the reporting period, seven purported class actions against the Group, in the total sum estimated by the plaintiffs to be approximately NIS 360 million, a purported class action for

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 31 - Contingent Liabilities (cont'd)

approximately NIS 139 million, that has been filed against the Group and other defendants together without specifying the amount claimed from the Group and another purported class action against the Group without specifying the amount claimed from the Group, were concluded.

After the end of the reporting period, a purported class action has been filed against the Group in the total sum estimated by the plaintiffs to be approximately NIS 11 million and two purported class actions have been filed against the Group, without specifying the amount claimed from the Group. At this early stage it is not possible to assess their chances of success.

Described hereunder are the outstanding consumer class actions and purported class actions against the Group broken down by amount claimed if the lawsuit is certified as class action, as of December 31, 2015:

Claim amount	Number of claims	Total claims amount (NIS millions)
Up to NIS 100 million	22	517
NIS 100-500 million	8	1,646
Above NIS 1 billion	2	21,675
Unquantified claims	13	-
Up to NIS 1 billion against the Group and other defendants together	5	845
Above NIS 1 billion against the Group and other defendants together	1	1,500
Unquantified claims against the Group and other defendants	2	-

Described hereunder are purported class actions against the Group, in which the amount claimed was NIS 1 billion or more:

During the reporting period, a purported class action in a total amount estimated by the plaintiffs to be approximately NIS 15 billion, if the lawsuit is certified as class action, was filed against the Company, by plaintiffs alleging to be subscribers of the Company, in connection with allegations that the Company unlawfully violated the privacy of its subscribers.

During the reporting period, a purported class action was filed against 013 Netvision Ltd., or Netvision, the Company's wholly owned subsidiary and three other defendants, alleging that another defendant unlawfully sold the other defendants, including Netvision, private data of its customers, which was used by the other defendants to approach such customers with commercial proposals. The amount claimed from each of the defendants allegedly purchasing the data, including Netvision, if the lawsuit is certified as a class action, was estimated by the plaintiff to be NIS 1,000 for each customer whose private data it allegedly purchased and/or each approach made to such customers, the total of which was assessed by the plaintiff to be approximately 1.5 million customers.

During the reporting period, purported class action was filed against the Company and two other defendants, alleging that the defendants unlawfully offer cellular pre-paid calling cards for very high prices by allegedly coordinating such prices among them. The total amount claimed from all defendants, including the Company, if the lawsuit is certified as a class action, was estimated by the plaintiffs to be approximately NIS 13 billion, out of which, based on the data specified in the lawsuit by the plaintiff, an estimated amount of approximately NIS 6.7 billion is claimed from the Company.

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 31 - Contingent Liabilities (cont'd)

Environmental claims

In the ordinary course of business, lawsuits have been filed against the Group in issues related to the environment, including lawsuits regarding non-ionizing radiation from cellular handsets and lawsuits in connection with the Company's sites. These are mostly purported class actions, relating to allegations for unlawful conduct or breach of license causing monetary and non-monetary damage (including claims for future damages).

As of December 31, 2015, there are two purported class actions against the Group in which the original total amounts claimed from the Group were approximately NIS 4.7 billion. In July 2014, the Court dismissed the motion to certify the class actions with prejudice except in respect of three issues that were detailed in settlements of similar class action claims made against Pelephone and Partner and approved by the court, which the Company was willing to adopt as well. These three issues relate to the cellular operators undertaking to provide certain information regarding non-ionizing radiation, sell certain accessories at a discount and conduct certain tests to handsets at certain circumstances, the execution of such undertakings is estimated by the Group in an immaterial amounts to the Group. In October 2014, the plaintiffs filed an appeal in respect of the settlements approved by court with Pelephone and Partner, inter alia, with respect to the tests to be conducted as aforesaid.

Employees, subcontractors, suppliers, authorities and others claims

In the ordinary course of business, lawsuits have been filed against the Group by employees, subcontractors, suppliers, authorities and others which deal mostly in claims for breach of provisions of the law governing termination of employment and obligatory payments to employees, claims for breach of agreements, copyright and patent infringement and compulsory payments to authorities.

As of December 31, 2015, the amounts that are claimed from the Group under the said claims total approximately NIS 91 million. In addition, a lawsuit has been filed against the Company and two other cellular operators, for an alleged patent infringement in iPhone handsets, for non-monetary remedies.

Liens and guarantees

As part of issuance of the Series B, F ,G, H and I debentures and deferred loan agreements which the Company entered into, the Company committed not to create liens on its assets, subject to certain exceptions.

The Group has given bank guarantees as follows:

To the Government of Israel (to guarantee performance of the Cellular License) - NIS 80 million.

To the Government of Israel (to guarantee performance of the Licenses of the Group) - NIS 44 million.

To suppliers, government institutions and other - NIS 227 million.

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 32 - Regulation and Legislation

Under an interim order issued by the Supreme Court in September 2010, the Company is unable to rely on the exemption from obtaining a building permit for the construction of radio access devices in cellular networks, other than to replace existing radio access devices in certain conditions, until regulations limiting such reliance are enacted or a different decision by the court is made. In 2015, the Attorney General notified the Israeli Supreme Court that a recommendation to enact regulations setting conditions for the application of the exemption is being considered. The Company requested a certain relaxation of the order and is awaiting the Court's decision.

In May 2012, the Israeli Minister of Communications published a policy document regarding landline wholesale services, which mainly provided for: (1) the creation of an effective wholesale telecommunications access market in Israel, as Bezeq and Hot will allow other operators that do not own an infrastructure, to use their infrastructure in order to provide services to end users; (2) the gradual annulment of the structural separation in the Bezeq and Hot groups and its replacement with an accounting separation and change of the supervision on Bezeq retail tariffs to maximum tariffs rather than the current setting of fixed tariffs , generally depending on the development of a wholesale market and the state of competition in the market, and with relation to television broadcasting services, if there is a reasonable possibility of providing a basic package of television services through the internet by providers without a national landline infrastructure.

In February 2015, the wholesale landline market was formally launched in Israel (through non-automated operation) in regards to internet infrastructure services and in May 2015 the automated stage of the wholesale landline market was effected in regards to internet infrastructure services. Landline telephony service which was to be provided as of May 2015, has not been provided yet and in December 2015 the Ministry of Communications published a hearing for an alternative temporary one year resale telephony service for Bezeq's landline telephony, at substantially higher tariffs than those set for the telephony wholesale service. Further, although the wholesale market was formally applicable to Hot's infrastructure as well, Hot's infrastructure has been effectively excluded from the wholesale market and in January 2016, after the end of the reporting period, the Ministry of Communications published a hearing proposing to set maximum tariffs for Hot's wholesale internet infrastructure services and noting it will not interfere with the tariffs Hot has set for its wholesale telephony service.

In January 2016, after the end of the reporting period, the Ministry of Communications announced its intention to annul Bezeq and Hot's structural separation as part of its plan to ensure massive investment in fiber optics infrastructure in Israel and setting a framework for a wholesale market using such infrastructure.

In May and July 2014, the Ministry of Communications set certain requirements for the approval of network sharing by the Ministry of Communications, including the following principles: (1) sharing of passive elements of cell sites and active sharing of antennas among all cellular operators are encouraged; (2) active sharing of radio networks using shared equipment and frequencies will be allowed only between an operator with a partial 3G network deployment and an operator with a full 3G network deployment, whereas such sharing will not be allowed for two operators with full 3G network deployment; (3) sharing of transmission from cell sites among operators sharing frequencies is generally allowed; (4) investing in a 4G network will be considered as meeting an operator's undertaking to deploy a 3G network under certain conditions; (5) approval of active sharing of radio networks using shared equipment and frequencies shall be for a limited period, only if there are at least three independent cellular networks in Israel, and is conditioned upon certain conditions, including: (i) the obligation to allow other operators to join on terms equal to the terms granted to the sharing operator with the smallest market share; (ii) the obligation to host a Mobile Virtual Network Operator without the other sharing operators' consent; (iii) the shared radio network must be operated through a joint entity held equally by the sharing operators, which entity will be required to obtain a license from the

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 32 - Regulation and Legislation (cont'd)

Ministry of Communications and will use the frequencies allocated to sharing operators; and (iv) the radio elements of the shared network will be held in equal parts by the sharing operators, and each of the sharing operators will have the right to use other sharing operators' passive infrastructure following termination of the agreement.

In January 2015, the Israeli Ministry of Communications completed an 1800MHz frequencies tender, for 4G technologies (such as LTE, LTE Advanced). Participation in the tender was open for all current MNOs, MVNOs and other entities meeting certain condition and bands were awarded to the highest bidders. All existing MNOs and Marathon 018 Ltd., or Marathon, won bands in the tender (the Company was awarded 3MHz , for a period of 10 years, for the sum of NIS 6.5 million per 1MHz) and Marathon is expected to be awarded an MNO license. Under the tender terms, Marathon, Golan and Hot Mobile are eligible for up to 50% discount, 10% discount for each 1% addition to their market share, obtained over the next 5 years.

As a result of a rights offering effected by IDB in February 2015 and the subsequent purchase of IDB shares previously indirectly held by Mr. Ben Moshe, one of IDB's controlling shareholders at the time, by corporations controlled by Mr. Elsztain, the other controlling shareholder in October 2015, the control of IDB and consequently indirectly of the Company, has changed and requires the approval of the Ministry of Communications, including in relation to the Israeli holding requirements included in our communications licenses, since Mr. Elsztain is not an Israeli citizen and resident. The Company has filed a formal request with the Ministry of Communications for its approval of such changes, which includes a request to amend the Company's communications licenses, including with regard to the Israeli holdings requirement in the Company set forth in such licenses and an extension period in order for the Company to comply with the updated provisions (which has not been granted yet). If the Company's request is not granted and some other accommodation is not provided by the Ministry of Communications, the Company may face sanctions, which, according to the terms of the Company's licenses, could include the suspension or revocation of the Company's licenses.

Note 33 - Related Parties

A.	Balance sheet

	December 31,		December 31,
	2014		2015
	NIS millions		NIS millions
Current assets		5		3
Current liabilities		1		-
Long-term liability - debentures (including current maturity)*		136		6

* Debentures balance held by related parties, which includes debentures held for the benefit of the public, through, among others, provident funds, mutual funds and pension funds, as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, is NIS 53 million par value linked to the CPI and NIS 179 million par value linked to the CPI, respectively.

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 33 - Related Parties (cont'd)

Transactions with related and interested parties executed in the ordinary course of business at regular commercial terms:

	Year ended December 31,
	2013		2014		2015
	NIS millions		NIS millions		NIS millions
Income:

Revenues		8		12		16

Expenses:

Cost of revenues and other		26		24		25

In the ordinary course of business, from time to time, the Group purchases, leases, sells and cooperates in the sale of goods and services or otherwise engages in transactions with entities that are members of the IDB group or other interested or related parties.

The Group has examined said transactions and believes them to be on commercial terms comparable to those that the Group could obtain from/ provide to unaffiliated parties.

Key management personnel compensation

In addition to their salaries, the Group also provides non-cash benefits to executive officers (such as a car, medical insurance, etc.), and contributes to a post-employment defined benefit plan on their behalf.

The Group has undertaken to indemnify the Group's directors and officers, as well as certain other employees for certain events listed in the indemnifications letters given to them. The aggregate amount payable to all directors and officers and other employees who may have been or will be given such indemnification letters is limited to the amounts the Group receives from the Group’s insurance policy plus 30% of the Group’s shareholders’ equity as of December 31, 2001 or NIS 486 million, adjusted for changes in the Israeli CPI.

Executive officers also participate in the Group’s share option program (see Note 20, regarding Share-Based Payments).

Key management personnel compensation is comprised of:

	Year ended December 31,
	2013		2014		2015
	NIS millions		NIS millions		NIS millions
Short-term employee benefits		4		3		4
Share-based payments		1		-		1

		5		3		5

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Cellcom Israel Ltd. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 33 - Related Parties (cont'd)

Agreements with DIC

In October 2006, the Company entered into an agreement with DIC pursuant to which DIC provides the Company with advisory services in the areas of management, finance, business and accountancy. In October 2015, the agreement was amended so that the annual consideration for DIC management services would be equal to the director's fees (both the annual fee and the meeting attendance fee) paid to the Company's external and independent director (which is in the amount of NIS 115,400 per year and NIS 3,470 per meeting, adjusted for changes in the Israeli CPI for December 2007. In 2015, after giving effect to the CPI adjustments, these amounts equaled approximately NIS 135,000 and approximately NIS 4,000, respectively), for each director that DIC nominates or proposes to our Board of Directors, but no more than five directors (replacing the fixed consideration of NIS 2 million (linked to the Israeli Consumer Price Index for June 2006) plus VAT per year, paid to DIC until December 31, 2014). Currently, the Company's Board of directors includes two directors nominated by DIC. This agreement is for a term of one year and is automatically renewed for one-year terms (however the extension thereof after October 2018 requires the approvals of the parties organs according to the Israeli Companies Law), unless either party provides 60 days prior notice to the contrary.

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