UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 20-F
(Mark One)
[_] REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
OR
[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002
OR
[_] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from
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Commission file number 000-49650
AKTIESELSKABET DAMPSKIBSSELSKABET TORM
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(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
A/S STEAMSHIP COMPANY TORM
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(Translation of Registrant's name into English)
Kingdom of Denmark
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(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
Marina Park, 10 Sundkrogsgade, DK-2100 Copenhagen 0, Denmark
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(Address of principal executive offices)
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to section 12(b) of the Act.
Title of each class Name of each exchange
on which registered
NONE
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Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act.
Common Shares, par value 10 Danish Kroner per share,*
American Depositary Shares (as evidenced
by American Depositary Receipts),
each representing one (1) common share.
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(Title of class)
* Not for trading, but only in connection with the registration of American
Depositary Shares, pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d)
of the Act.
NONE
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(Title of class)
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer's classes of
capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual
report.
18,200,000 common shares, par value 10 Danish Kroner per share.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required
to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was
required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes |X| No |_|
Indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected
to follow.
Item 17 |X| Item 18 |_|
The Company "Aktieselskabet Dampskibsselskabet Torm" is referred to as "TORM" in
this Annual Report.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
----
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS.....................IV
ITEM 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS...............1
ITEM 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE.............................1
ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION.....................................................1
ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY.........................................12
ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS.......................31
ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES.........................47
ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS..................51
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION..............................................52
ITEM 9. THE OFFER AND LISTING..............................................52
ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.............................................53
ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.........68
ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES.............70
ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES....................70
ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY
HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS........................................70
ITEM 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES............................................71
ITEM 16. RESERVED...........................................................71
ITEM 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS...............................................71
ITEM 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS...............................................71
ITEM 19. EXHIBITS.........................................................F-46
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Matters discussed in this report may constitute forward-looking statements.
The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides safe harbor
protections for forward-looking statements in order to encourage companies to
provide prospective information about their business. Forward-looking statements
include statements concerning plans, objectives, goals, strategies, future
events or performance, and underlying assumptions and other statements, which
are other than statements of historical facts. Torm desires to take advantage of
the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of
1995 and is including this cautionary statement in connection with this safe
harbor legislation. This report and any other written or oral statements made by
us or on our behalf may include forward-looking statements, which reflect our
current views with respect to future events and financial performance. The words
"believe," "expect," "anticipate," "intend," "estimate," "forecast," "project,"
"plan," "potential," "will," "may," "should," and similar expressions identify
forward-looking statements.
The forward-looking statements in this report are based upon various
assumptions, many of which are based, in turn, upon further assumptions,
including without limitation, management's examination of historical operating
trends, data contained in our records and other data available from third
parties. Although we believe that these assumptions were reasonable when made,
because these assumptions are inherently subject to significant uncertainties
and contingencies which are difficult or impossible to predict and are beyond
our control, we cannot assure you that we will achieve or accomplish these
expectations, beliefs or projections.
In addition to these assumptions and matters discussed elsewhere herein and
in the documents incorporated by reference herein, important factors that, in
our view, could cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed
in the forward-looking statements include the strength of world economies and
currencies, general market conditions, including fluctuations in charterhire
rates and vessel values, changes in demand in the shipping market, including the
effect of changes in OPEC's petroleum production levels and worldwide oil
consumption and storage, changes in regulatory requirements affecting vessel
operating including requirements for double hull tankers, changes in the Torm's
operating expenses, including bunker prices, dry-docking and insurance costs,
changes in governmental rules and regulations or actions taken by regulatory
authorities, potential liability from pending or future litigation, general
domestic and international political conditions, potential disruption of
shipping routes due to accidents, political events or acts by terrorists, and
other important factors described from time to time in the reports filed by us
with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC.
PART I
ITEM 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS
Not Applicable.
ITEM 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE
Not Applicable.
ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION
Please note: Throughout this document, the "Company", "we", "us" and "our"
all refer to TORM and its subsidiaries. We use the term deadweight ton, or dwt,
in describing the size of vessels. Dwt, expressed in metric tons, each of which
is equivalent to 1000 kilograms, refers to the maximum weight of cargo and
supplies that a vessel can carry.
A. Selected Financial Data
The following table sets forth our selected consolidated financial data for
each of the periods indicated. The selected consolidated financial data should
be read in conjunction with "Operating and Financial Review and Prospects" and
the consolidated financial statement and notes thereto, all included elsewhere
within this document. The selected consolidated financial data includes the
Liner activities, which was sold to companies in the A.P. M0ller Group on
September 16, 2002. The results of the operations attributable to the Liner
activities, which represent a discontinued operation, are described in Note 1
and the impact of this sale is summarized in Note 16 to our consolidated
financial statements included herein.
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with
Danish generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, which differs in
certain respects from U.S. GAAP. The differences between Danish GAAP and U.S.
GAAP applicable to the historical financial statements are summarized in Note 17
to the consolidated financial statements included herein.
For the year ended December 31
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1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
---- ---- ---- ---- ----
(restated)(1) (restated)(1) (restated)(1) (restated)(1)
(in thousands of DKK)
Statement of Operations Data:
Net revenue 1,654,301 1,440,683 2,158,671 2,583,351 1,948,036
Port expenses, Bunkers, Charter Hire and
Technical Running costs (1,377,851) (1,220,373) (1,545,801) (1,792,776) (1,616,391)
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Net earnings from shipping activities
(Gross profit) 276,450 220,310 612,870 790,575 331,645
Profit on sale of vessels and interests (934) - 12,263 92,960 81,164
Administrative expenses (65,984) (64,002) (84,418) (129,535) (115,890)
Other operating income 20,266 29,913 45,305 60,197 55,228
Depreciation and write downs (2) (471,893) (205,202) (220,727) (159,160) (145,357)
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Profit (loss) before financial items (242,095) (18,981) 365,293 655,037 206,790
Financial items (87,421) (125,788) (156,737) (101,444) (91,655)
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Profit (loss) before tax (329,516) (144,769) 208,556 553,593 115,135
Tax on profit 111,919 56,461 (53,298) (166,018) 360,190
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Profit (loss) after tax (217,597) (88,308) 155,258 387,575 475,325
Extraordinary items (3) 68,633 - - - -
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Net profit (loss) for the year (148,964) (88,308) 155,258 387,575 475,325
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Balance sheet data (as of end of period):
Total assets (4) 3,606,507 3,929,699 3,592,900 3,619,267 4,109,294
Long term liabilities 2,088,509 2,522,346 1,951,288 1,519,743 1,735,464
Shareholders' equity 886,767 515,050 601,735 920,354 1,719,097
Common shares 182,000 182,000 182,000 182,000 182,000
No. of shares outstanding (5) 18,200,000 18,200,000 18,200,000 18,200,000 18,200,000
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Other financial data
Dividends declared per share 0.6 0.0 2.0 4.0 2.0
Dividends declared per share-USD (6) 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.6 0.3
U.S. GAAP financial data
Profit (loss) from continuing
operations before income taxes and
discontinued operations (8) (176,548) 140,587 526,983 19,591
Tax benefit (expense) on profit (8) 67,786 (34,710) (160,616) (27,745)
Profit (loss) from continuing operations (8) (108,762) 105,877 366,367 (8,154)
Profit (loss) from discontinued
operations (7) (8) (750) 3,855 8,477 93,726
Profit (loss) (8) (109,512) 109,732 374,844 85,572
Earnings (loss) per share - basic:
Profit (loss) from continuing operations (8) (6.0) 5.8 20.9 (0.5)
Profit (loss) from discontinuing
operations (8) (0.0) 0.2 0.5 5.4
Profit (loss) (8) (6.0) 6.0 21.4 4.9
Earnings (loss) per share - diluted:
Profit (loss) from continued operations (8) (6.0) 5.8 20.9 (0.5)
Profit (loss) from discontinued
operations (8) (0.0) 0.2 0.5 5.4
Profit (loss) (8) (6.0) 6.0 21.4 4.9
Total assets (8) 4,340,133 4,030,941 4,067,887 3,985,551
Long term debt (including capital lease
obligations) (8) 2,522,346 1,951,288 1,519,743 1,735,464
Shareholders' equity (8) 866,474 1,032,118 1,351,725 1,196,372
No. of shares outstanding (8) 18,200,000 18,200,000 18,200,000 18,200,000
(1) We changed our accounting policies on January 1, 2002 through restatement due to enactment of the new Danish Financial
Statements Accounts Act as per January 1, 2002. The following changes have taken place: (1) financial leases are
measured at their present value at inception and depreciated over their estimated lives, (2) lease obligations are
recognized as a liability in the balance sheet, (3) gains related to sale and lease back transactions are deferred and
amortized, (4) gains related to swaps of ownership in vessels are recognized in the income statement, except for similar
vessels, (5) dividends are recognized at the time of declaration at the Annual General Meeting, (6) own shares are
recognized directly as a part of shareholders' equity, derivative financial instruments are recognized at fair value in
the balance sheet, and (7) financial liabilities related to the financing of vessels are stated in U.S. dollars
translated to DKK at the balance sheet date, the unrealised exchange gain/loss is recognized directly in the
shareholders' equity.
(2) The write down to fair market value represents an impairment of certain vessels in 1998. There were no write-downs in
the other periods presented.
(3) The extraordinary items represents a distribution of previously paid insurance premiums from the liquidation of the
Danish War Risk Insurance Fund of approximately DKK 68.7 million and the costs of shutting down our Hong Kong office of
DKK 3.8 million for the year ended December 31, 1998.
(4) Total assets for each period includes cash and bonds that are designated to serve as collateral for certain of our
borrowings. This was DKK 186 million as of December 31, 2002, DKK 184 million as of December 31, 2001, DKK 207 million
as of December 31, 2000, DKK 246 million as of December 31, 1999 and DKK 243 million as of December 31, 1998. See
"Operating and Financial Review and Prospects" for further discussion.
(5) Shares outstanding as of December 31, 2002 include 881,368 shares that we purchased and hold as own shares, reflected in
shareholders' equity. As of December 31, 2001 we held 871,468 own shares whereas no shares were held in 1998, 1999 and
2000.
(6) The dividends in U.S. dollars are converted to U.S. dollars based on the exchange rate in place at the date of payment.
(7) Profit (loss) from discontinued operations for 2002 includes the gain on disposal of the Liner activities of DKK 63
million.
(8) U.S. GAAP information is not available for any period prior to January 1, 1999.
EXCHANGE RATE INFORMATION
The following tables show, for the periods indicated, certain
information regarding the exchange rate between the Danish Kroner and the U.S.
dollar, based on the noon buying rate in New York City for cable transfers of
DKK as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York,
expressed in DKK per U.S. dollar. These rates may differ from the actual rates
used in the preparation of our financial statements and other financial
information appearing in this report.
DKK per U.S. dollar
High Low Average(1) Period End
Year ended December 31,
1998 .......................... 7.0705 6.1195 6.7030 6.3625
1999 .......................... 7.4310 6.3070 6.9900 7.3950
2000 .......................... 9.0050 7.2080 8.0953 7.9442
2001 .......................... 8.8900 7.8260 8.3710 8.3529
2002 .......................... 8.6470 7.0850 7.8862 7.0850
----------
(1) The average of the exchange rates on the last business day of each full
month during the relevant period.
DKK per U.S. dollar
-------------------
High Low
------ ------
Month ended
January 2002 ........................................ 8.6470 8.2330
February 2002 ....................................... 8.6275 8.4675
March 2002 .......................................... 8.5875 8.4130
April 2002 .......................................... 8.4870 8.2375
May 2002 ............................................ 8.2410 7.9290
June 2002 ........................................... 7.9140 7.5170
July 2002 ........................................... 7.6350 7.3190
August 2002 ......................................... 7.7040 7.5160
September 2002 ...................................... 7.6720 7.4570
October 2002 ........................................ 7.6540 7.5225
November 2002 ....................................... 7.5050 7.3313
December 2002 ....................................... 7.4795 7.0850
January 2003 ........................................ 7.1684 6.8450
February 2003 ....................................... 6.9375 6.8345
March 2003 .......................................... 7.0480 6.7140
April 2003 .......................................... 6.9975 6.6400
May 2003 ............................................ 6.6022 6.2625
On June 24, 2003, the exchange rate between the Danish Kroner and the U.S.
dollar was 6.4580.
B. Capitalization and Indebtedness
Not Applicable.
C. Reason for the Offer and Use of Proceeds
Not Applicable.
D. Risk Factors
Some of the following risks relate principally to the industry in which we
operate and our business in general. Other risks relate principally to the
securities market and ownership of our American Depositary Shares or ADSs. Any
of the risk factors could materially and adversely affect our business,
financial condition or operating results and the trading price of our ADSs.
Additional risks and uncertainties that we are not aware of or that we
currently believe are immaterial may also adversely affect our business,
financial condition, liquidity or results of operation.
INDUSTRY SPECIFIC RISK FACTORS
The cyclical nature of the shipping industry may lead to volatile changes
in charter rates and vessel values, which may adversely affect our earnings
If the shipping industry, which has been and should remain cyclical, is
depressed when our vessels' leases, or charters, expire, or when we want to sell
a vessel, our earnings and available cash flow may decrease. Our ability to
re-charter our vessels on the expiration or termination of their current
charters and the charter rates payable under any renewal or replacement charters
will depend upon, among other things, economic conditions in the tanker market.
Fluctuations in charter rates and vessel values result from changes in the
supply and demand for vessel capacity and changes in the supply and demand for
the cargo that we carry, including oil and dry bulk products such as grain and
coal.
In addition, our ability to sell a vessel and the amount of the proceeds
from such a sale will depend on economic conditions in the shipping industry.
The shipping industry has experienced fluctuations in charter rates and vessel
values resulting from changes in the demand for cargoes and in vessel capacity.
The factors affecting the supply and demand for vessels are beyond our
control, and the nature, timing and degree of changes in industry conditions are
unpredictable. The factors that influence demand for tanker and bulk capacity
include:
o demand for the products that our vessels carry;
o global and regional economic conditions;
o the distance oil and oil products are to be moved by sea;
o changes in seaborne and other transportation patterns;
o efficiency of the world fleet;
o government and industry regulation;
o alternative energy sources; and
o environmental concerns.
The factors that influence the supply of tanker and bulk capacity include:
o the number of newbuilding deliveries;
o the scrapping rate of older vessels and single hull vessels;
o the number of vessels that are out of service;
o the demand for oil and oil products;
o political changes and armed conflicts;
o developments in international trade;
o changes in seaborne and other transportation patterns; and
o market expectations.
Our revenues experience seasonal variations that may affect our earnings
and financial performance
We operate our tankers in markets that have historically exhibited seasonal
variations in demand and, therefore, charter rates. Tanker markets are typically
stronger in the winter months in the northern hemisphere due to increased oil
consumption. In addition, unpredictable weather patterns in the winter months
tend to disrupt vessel scheduling. The oil price volatility resulting from these
factors has historically led to increased oil trading activities.
If we violate environmental laws or regulations, the resulting liability
may significantly and adversely affect our earnings and financial condition
Our operations are subject to extensive regulation designed to promote
tanker safety, prevent cargo and bunker spills and generally protect the
environment. Local, national and foreign laws, as well as international treaties
and conventions, can subject us to material liabilities in the event that our
vessels release oil and oil products or other hazardous substances. For example,
the United States Oil Pollution Act of 1990, or OPA, provides that owners,
operators and bareboat charterers are strictly liable for the discharge of oil
in U.S. waters, including the 200 nautical mile zone off each coast of the U.S.
OPA provides for unlimited liability in some circumstances, such as a vessel
operator's gross negligence or willful misconduct. However, in most cases, OPA
limits liability to the greater of $1,200 per gross ton or $10 million per
vessel. OPA also permits states to set their own penalty limits. Most U.S.
states bordering navigable waterways impose unlimited liability for discharges
of oil in their waters. The International Maritime Organization, or IMO, has
adopted a similar liability scheme that may impose strict liability for oil
spills, subject to limits that do not apply if the release is caused by the
vessel owner's intentional or reckless conduct.
U.S. law, the law in many of the nations in which we operate and
international treaties and conventions that impact our operations also establish
strict rules governing vessel safety and structure, training, inspections,
financial assurance for potential cleanup liability and other matters. These
requirements can limit our ability to operate our vessels and substantially
increase our operating costs.
We believe that regulation of the tanker industry will continue to become
more stringent and more expensive for our competitors and us. Substantial
violations of applicable requirements or a catastrophic release from one of our
vessels could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and
results of operations. More stringent maritime safety rules are also more likely
to be imposed worldwide as a result of the recent oil spill in November 2002
relating to the loss of the M.T. Prestige, a 26-year old single-hull tanker
owned by a company not affiliated with us. Additional laws and regulations may
also be adopted that could limit our ability to do business or increase the cost
of our doing business and that could have a material adverse effect on our
operations. Government regulation of tankers, particularly in the areas of
safety and environmental impact may change in the future and require us to incur
significant capital expenditure on our vessels to keep them in compliance.
Because the market value of our vessels may fluctuate significantly, we may
incur losses when we sell vessels, which may adversely affect our earnings
The fair market value of vessels may increase and decrease depending on the
following factors:
o general economic and market conditions affecting the shipping
industry;
o competition from other shipping companies;
o types and sizes of vessels;
o other modes of transportation;
o cost of newbuildings;
o governmental or other regulations;
o age of vessels;
o prevailing level of charter rates; and
o technological advances.
If we sell a vessel for less than its carrying value, we will realize a
loss that will affect our results of operations.
COMPANY SPECIFIC RISK FACTORS
Servicing our debt limits funds available for other purposes and if we
cannot service our debt, we may lose some or all of our vessels
We must dedicate a large part of our cash flow from operations to paying
principal and interest on our indebtedness. These payments limit funds available
for working capital, capital expenditures and other purposes. Our debt level
also makes us vulnerable to economic downturns and adverse developments in our
business. If we expand our fleet, we will need to take on additional debt, which
would increase our ratio of debt to equity. Our inability to service debt could
also lead to acceleration of our debt and the foreclosure of all or a portion of
our fleet.
Certain of our loan agreements contain restrictive covenants, which may
limit our liquidity and corporate activities and prevent proper service of debt,
which could result in the loss of our vessels
Some loan agreements impose operating and financial restrictions upon us.
These restrictions may limit our ability to:
o incur additional indebtedness;
o create liens on our assets;
o sell our subsidiaries;
o make investments;
o engage in mergers or acquisitions;
o pay dividends and make capital expenditures;
o change the management of our vessels or terminate or materially amend
the management agreement relating to each vessel; and
o sell our vessels.
We may need permission from our lenders in order for us to engage in some
corporate actions. Our lenders' interests may be different from ours and we
cannot guarantee that we will be able to obtain our lenders' permission when
needed. This may prevent us from taking actions that are in our best interest.
Terrorist attacks, such as the attacks on the United States on September
11, 2001, and other acts of violence or war may affect the financial markets and
our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Terrorist attacks such as the attacks on the United States on September 11,
2001 and the United States' continuing response to these attacks, as well as the
threat of future terrorist attacks, continues to cause uncertainty in the world
financial markets. The recent conflict in Iraq may lead to additional acts of
terrorism and armed conflict around the world, which may contribute to further
economic instability in the global financial markets, including the energy
markets. These uncertainties could also adversely affect our ability to obtain
additional financing on terms acceptable to us or at all.
Future terrorist attacks, such as the attack on the m.t. Limburg in October
2002, may also negatively affect our operations and financial condition and
directly impact our vessels or our customers. Future terrorist attacks could
result in increased volatility of the financial markets in the United States and
globally and could result in an economic recession in the United States or the
world. Any of these occurrences could have a material adverse impact on our
operating results, revenue, and costs.
Our earnings may be adversely affected if we do not successfully employ our
vessels on time charters, in pools or take advantage of the current spot market
We employ the majority of our vessels on spot voyage charters or short term
time charters. Our operating results will therefore depend on the prevailing
charter rates in a given time period. Charter rates are based in part on supply
and demand and are extremely competitive. Significant fluctuations in charter
rates will result in significant fluctuations in the utilization of our vessels
and our profitability. Although we charter out some of our vessels on long term
time charters when we want to lock in favorable charter rates and generate
predictable revenue streams, our vessels that are committed to time charters may
not be available for spot voyages during an upswing in the shipping industry,
when spot voyages might be more profitable. We are impacted by any increase or
decrease in market rates. If rates were to decrease significantly, we may not
utilize our fleet fully and our earnings could be adversely impacted.
We may be unable to attract and retain key management personnel and other
employees in the tanker industry, which may negatively affect the effectiveness
of our management and our results of operations
Our management personnel make key decisions to maximize our revenue and
earnings in this highly volatile and cyclical industry. Our success will depend,
in part, on our ability to hire and retain key members of our management team.
The loss of any of these individuals could adversely affect our business
prospects and financial condition. Difficulty in hiring and retaining qualified
personnel could adversely affect our results of operations.
Our vessels may suffer damage and we may face unexpected dry-dock repairs
that could affect our cash flow and financial condition
If our owned or bareboat chartered in vessels suffer damage, they may need
to be repaired at a dry-docking facility. The costs of dry-dock repairs are
unpredictable and can be substantial. We may have to pay dry-docking costs that
are not covered by our insurance, which would decrease earnings.
Purchasing and operating second-hand vessels may result in increased
operating costs, which could adversely affect our earnings
We own both vessels constructed for us directly by builders and second-hand
vessels purchased from other owners. While we inspect second-hand vessels prior
to purchase, this does not normally provide us with the same knowledge about
their condition that we would have had if these vessels had been built for and
operated exclusively by us. Generally, we do not receive the benefit of
warranties from the builders if we buy vessels older than one year.
In general, the costs to maintain a vessel in good operating condition
increase with the age of the vessel. As of June 15, 2003, our fleet of owned and
long term chartered vessels included six vessels more than 10 years of age.
Older vessels are typically less fuel efficient than more recently constructed
vessels due to improvements in engine and hull technology. After 15 years, the
majority of charterers and oil companies impose restrictions on vessels, which
makes it more difficult to trade the vessels with optimal flexibility. In
addition, these older vessels must meet certain hull thickness tests, however,
we still consider a useful lifetime of 25 years to be the best estimate of the
economic lifetime of a vessel. Furthermore, cargo insurance rates increase for
vessels over 15 years of age, making them less desirable to charterers.
Governmental regulations, safety or other equipment standards related to
the age of a vessel may require expenditures for alterations, or the addition of
new equipment, to our vessels and may restrict the type of activities in which
the vessels may engage. We cannot assure you that, as our vessels age, market
conditions will justify such expenditures or enable us to operate them
profitably for the remainder of their useful life.
Risks involved with operating ocean-going vessels could affect our business
and reputation, which would adversely affect our revenues
The operation of an ocean-going vessel carries inherent risks. These risks
include the possibility of:
o marine disaster;
o environmental accidents;
o cargo and property losses or damage; and
o business interruptions caused by mechanical failure, human error, war,
terrorism, piracy, political action in various countries, labor
strikes, or adverse weather conditions.
Any of these circumstances or events could increase our costs or lower our
revenues. The involvement of one or more of our vessels in an oil spill or other
environmental disaster may harm our reputation as a safe and reliable vessel
operator.
We may not have adequate insurance to compensate us if one of our vessels
is involved in an accident
We procure insurance for our fleet against those risks that we believe the
shipping industry commonly insures against. These insurances include hull and
machinery insurance, protection and indemnity insurance, including environmental
damage and pollution insurance coverage, and war risk insurance. We carry
insurance against loss of hire as well. We can give no assurance that we are
adequately insured against all risks. We may not be able to obtain adequate
insurance coverage at reasonable rates for our fleet in the future. The insurers
may not pay particular claims. Our insurance policies contain deductibles for
which we will be responsible, limitations and exclusions, which although we
believe are standard in the shipping industry, may nevertheless increase our
costs or lower our revenue.
Maritime claimants could arrest our vessels, which could interrupt our cash
flow
Crew members, suppliers of goods and services to a vessel, shippers of
cargo and other parties may be entitled to a maritime lien against that vessel
for unsatisfied debts, claims or damages. In many jurisdictions a maritime
lienholder may enforce its lien by arresting a vessel and commencing foreclosure
proceedings. The arrest or attachment of one or more of our vessels could
interrupt our cash flow and require us to pay a substantial sum of money to have
the arrest lifted.
In addition, in some jurisdictions, such as South Africa, under the "sister
ship" theory of liability, a claimant may arrest both the vessel which is
subject to the claimant's maritime lien and any "associated" vessel, which is
any vessel owned or controlled by the same owner. Claimants could try to assert
"sister ship" liability against one vessel in our fleet for claims relating to
another of our vessels.
Governments could requisition one or more of our vessels during a period of
war or emergency, resulting in loss of earnings
A government could requisition for title or seize our vessels. Requisition
for title occurs when a government takes control of a vessel and becomes her
owner. Also, a government could requisition one or more of our vessels for hire.
Requisition for hire occurs when a government takes control of a vessel and
effectively becomes her charterer at dictated charter rates. Generally,
requisitions occur during a period of war or emergency. Government requisition
of one or more of our vessels could negatively impact our revenues.
Our operations expose us to global risks that may interfere with the
operation of our vessels
We are an international company and conduct our operations globally.
Changing economic, political and governmental conditions in the countries where
we are engaged in business or where our vessels are registered affect us. In the
past, political conflicts, particularly in the Arabian Gulf, resulted in attacks
on vessels, mining of waterways and other efforts to disrupt shipping in the
area. Acts of terrorism and piracy have also affected vessels trading in regions
such as the South China Sea and West Africa. Following the terrorist attacks in
New York City on September 11, 2001 and the military response by the United
States, the likelihood of acts of terrorism in the Middle East region and
Southeast Asia may increase as shown by the attack on the m.t. Limburg in Yemen
in October 2002, and our vessels trading in those areas may face higher risks of
being attacked. Future hostilities or other political instability in regions
where our vessels trade could affect our trade patterns and adversely affect our
operations and performance.
Because we generate nearly all of our revenues in U.S. dollars, but incur
some of our expenses in Danish Kroner and other currencies, exchange rate
fluctuations could hurt our results of operations
As of 2002, we generated nearly all of our revenues in U.S. dollars but
incurred approximately 9% of our expenses in currencies other than U.S. dollars,
including Danish Kroner. A change in exchange rates could lead to fluctuations
in reported net income due to changes in the value of the Danish Kroner relative
to the U.S. dollar.
Interest rate fluctuations may significantly affect our loan payments,
which could adversely affect our financial condition
As of December 31, 2002, all of our loans bore interest at floating rates.
Increases in prevailing rates could increase the amounts that we would have to
pay to our lenders. As of December 31, 2002, we had entered into interest swap
agreements expiring between 2003 and 2007 for approximately 64% of the then
outstanding principal amounts of our loans that may mitigate some of this
exposure. However, increases in interest rates will increase our payments under
loans not covered by the cap and swap agreements and may negatively affect our
earnings.
Because we are a foreign corporation, you may not have the same rights that
a creditor of a U.S. corporation may have
Our investors may have more difficulty in protecting their interests in the
face of actions by the management, directors or controlling stockholders than
would stockholders of a corporation incorporated in a United States
jurisdiction. In addition, the executive officers and administrative activities
and assets of the Company are located outside the United States. As a result, it
may be more difficult for investors to effect service of process within the
United States upon the Company, or to enforce both in the United States and
outside the United States judgments against the Company in any action, including
actions predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities
laws of the United States.
It may be difficult to serve process on or enforce a United States judgment
against our officers, our directors and us
We are a Danish company and our executive offices are located outside of
the United States. Our officers and directors and some of the experts named in
this registration statement reside outside of the United States. In addition,
substantially all of our assets and the assets of our officers, directors and
experts are located outside of the United States. As a result, you may have
difficulty serving legal process within the United States upon us or any of
these persons or enforcing any judgments obtained in U.S. courts to the extent
assets located in the United States are insufficient to satisfy the judgments.
In addition, there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of Denmark would (1)
enforce judgments of United States courts obtained against us or our officers
and directors predicated on the civil liability provisions of the United States
federal or state securities laws, or (2) entertain original actions brought in
Danish courts against us or our officers and directors predicated on United
States federal or state securities laws. As a result, it may be difficult for
you to enforce judgments obtained in United States courts against our directors,
officers and non-U.S. experts.
There may be no active public market for you to resell our ADSs
The price of our ADSs may be volatile, and may fluctuate due to factors
such as:
o actual or anticipated fluctuations in our financial results;
o mergers and strategic alliances in the shipping industry;
o market conditions in the industry;
o changes in government regulation;
o fluctuations in our quarterly revenues and earnings and those of our
publicly held competitors;
o shortfalls in our operating results from levels forecast by securities
analysts;
o announcements concerning us or our competitors; and
o the general state of the securities market.
Historically, the shipping industry has been highly unpredictable and
volatile. The market for ADSs in the shipping industry may be equally volatile.
The Copenhagen Stock Exchange is smaller and less liquid than the major
securities exchanges or markets in the United States. The trading volume of our
shares on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange has been volatile. ADSs representing our
common shares have been traded in the United States only since April 16, 2002,
and it may be hard to predict future trading levels or volatility. Consequently,
you may not be able to sell ADSs at the time and at the price you desire.
Holders of ADSs may experience delays in receiving information and
materials that holders of our common shares may not
The ADSs are securities that have been issued by a depositary with whom we
have deposited our common shares. The depositary is responsible for distributing
notices and voting materials to holders of the ADSs. If there is any delay in
such distributions on the part of the depositary, you may not receive such
dividends or materials concurrently with holders of our common shares in
Denmark, and may not receive such materials in time for you to instruct the
depositary to vote.
You may receive a smaller dividend than what you expected to receive when
the dividend was approved
Under Danish law, the board of directors proposes dividends and the
shareholders vote whether to accept the proposal or to lower the dividend. We
will pay any dividends in Danish Kroner to our depository agent for the ADSs,
and our depository agent will convert the amounts into U.S. dollars at the
relevant exchange rate and distribute the dividend to you. If the Danish Kroner
depreciates against the U.S. dollar before our depository agent distributes the
dividend, you may receive a smaller dividend than what you expected to receive
at the time the dividend was approved by shareholders.
ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY
A. History and Development of the Company
We are Aktieselskabet Dampskibsselskabet Torm, a Danish shipping company
founded in 1889 under the Danish Companies Act that is engaged primarily in the
ownership and operation of product tankers and bulk carriers. We also provide
offshore marine service vessels, but intend to cease this service upon the
expiration of the chartered in vessel in 2003. Our product tankers primarily
carry refined products such as naphtha, gasoline, gas oil, jet fuel, and diesel
oil. Our dry bulk vessels carry commodities such as coal, iron ore and grain.
Our vessels trade worldwide. Our registered office and principal place of
business is at Marina Park, 10 Sundkrogsgade, DK-2100, Copenhagen 0, Denmark.
Our telephone number is +45 39179200. All the financial information presented in
Item 4 is in accordance with Danish GAAP.
We provide transportation services by utilizing a fleet of vessels that we
own, charter in on short and long term time charters, or commercially manage as
the manager of a pool or through contracts with third party owners. We own 14
vessels, including ten product tankers and four dry bulk carriers. We also own a
50% interest in an additional product tanker. We charter in four product tankers
on long term time charters due to expire between 2004 and 2009. We charter in
one platform supply vessel on short term time charter that expire in 2003. We
also charter in tankers and bulk vessels as are needed by the pools we manage.
In addition, we commercially manage approximately 44 vessels for other third
party owners and charterers.
Our primary capital expenditures are the acquisitions of vessels. For the
past several years, we have been acquiring new vessels and disposing of older
vessels in our fleet to ensure compliance with the safety requirements of the
IMO. During the past three years, we have entered into contracts to purchase ten
additional vessels under construction, or newbuildings, for a total cost of U.S.
dollars 309 million or approximately DKK 2.6 billion and have sold eight vessels
for aggregate proceeds of approximately U.S. dollars 186 million or
approximately DKK 1.5 billion.
B. Business Overview
THE FLEET
Our fleet of owned or partially owned vessels consists of 11 product
tankers and 4 dry bulk carriers. The total tonnage of those vessels is
approximately 789,000 dwt, of which one vessel of 84,000 dwt is owned jointly
with a partner.
During 2000 we sold, then chartered back on a long term basis, the following
vessels:
o The product tanker TORM Kristina.
o The product tanker TORM Gudrun.
In 2000, we placed orders for the building of two new 100,000 dwt product
tankers, of which we expect to take delivery in 2003. In 2001, we placed orders
for two additional 45,000 dwt tankers, of which we took delivery in early 2003.
In 2002, we placed orders for two LR1 75,000 dwt tankers, of which we expect to
take delivery in 2004.
The following table lists our entire fleet of owned and long term chartered
in vessels:
Product Tankers Year Built Dwt Ownership Flag (1)
--------------- ---------- --- --------- --------
Wholly Owned
TORM Helene 1997 99,990 Hermia Shipping DIS
TORM Gotland 1995 47,629 Alice Shipping DIS
TORM Mary 2002 45,800 Estrid Shipping DIS
TORM Vita 2002 45,800 Ragnhild Shipping DIS
TORM Gertrud 2003 45,800 Gertrud Shipping DIS
TORM Gerd 2002 45,800 Gerd Shipping DIS
TORM Anne 1999 45,507 Anne Product Carriers Singapore
TORM Gunhild 1999 45,457 Gunhild Shipping DIS
TORM Gyda 1992 44,646 Skagerak Tankers DIS
Olga 1992 44,646 Olga Shipping Liberia
TORM Asia 1994 44,367 Caseros Shipping Hong Kong
Partially Owned
Kirsten 1988 83,660 Hilde Shipping NIS
Chartered In
TORM Kristina 1999 105,000 DS-Rendite-Fonds nr. 78 Liberia
TORM Gudrun 2000 99,990 DS-Rendite-Fonds nr. 77 Liberia
TORM Hilde
(ex.Sitamona) 1990 84,040 Rask Shipping NIS
TORM Margrethe 1988 83,955 KS UL Margrethe DIS
---------------
Bulk Carriers Year Built Dwt Flag
------------- ---------- --- ----
TORM Marina 1990 69,637 Bothnia Shipping DIS
TORM Tekla 1993 69,268 Tekla Shipping DIS
TORM Arawa 1997 27,827 Southern Light Shipping Liberia
TORM Pacific 1997 27,802 Eastern Light Shipping Liberia
(1) DIS stands for the Danish International Shipping Registry and NIS
stands for the Norwegian International Shipping Registry.
In our product tanker division, we are engaged in the transportation of
refined oil products such as gasoline, jet fuel, naphtha and diesel oil. We own
and operate three sizes of product carriers. The largest vessels are Aframax
tankers of approximately 100,000 to 105,000 dwt, that primarily transport
naphtha between the Arabian Gulf and Japan and other East Asiatic countries. The
other two sizes of product tankers, Panamax, which are tankers of approximately
80,000 to 85,000 dwt, and Handymax, which are tankers of approximately 40,000 to
50,000 dwt, operate in the above mentioned areas and in the U.S., Africa, in
Europe and the Caribbean. One of the vessels is owned in joint venture with a
partner.
Our dry bulk vessels transport products such as grain, coal and iron ore.
We operate dry bulk vessels of two sizes: Panamax and Handysize. The Panamax dry
bulk vessels, which range between 60,000 and 80,000 dwt, carry iron ore and coal
as well as commodities such as grain, bauxite and fertilizer. The Handysize
vessels are approximately 20,000 to 30,000 dwt and are fitted to carry logs, but
can also carry commodities such as grain, fertilizer and steel.
The liner division was sold to companies in the A. P. M0ller Group in
September 2002, as a part of our strategy to focus on two segments. Through the
liner service, we were engaged in the transportation of containers, break bulk
cargoes, specialized cargoes and oil drilling equipment servicing the Gulf and
East Coast of the United States and West Africa. The service was carried out
through chartering in multipurpose/semi-containerized vessels that were capable
of carrying containers and general cargo.
In 1997, we diversified into the operation of anchor-handling tug/supply
vessels and other similar offshore craft that service oil rigs. Currently, we
have bareboat chartered a platform supply vessel, TORM Kestrel, and we intend to
cease our offshore vessel activity upon the termination of the remaining charter
in 2003.
Each of our vessel categories generates net earnings from shipping
activities by operating owned and chartered in vessels. Over the last three
financial years the contribution to net earnings from shipping activities per
division has been as follows:
Division 2000 2001 2002
-------- ---- ---- ----
Product Tankers 79% 85% 98%
Dry Bulk Vessels 10% 7% -5%
Liner Service 7% 5% 6%
Offshore Craft 4% 3% 1%
PRODUCT TANKER POOLING ARRANGEMENTS
We employ all of our owned and long term chartered product tankers in three
pooling arrangements, the LR2 Pool, the LR1 Pool and the TPP Pool (MR), along
with vessels from several other shipping companies. The manager of each pool has
the responsibility for the commercial management of the participating vessels,
including the marketing, chartering, operation and bunker (fuel oil) purchase of
the vessels. Each pool is administered by a pool board, which is comprised of
representatives of each pool participant. The pool boards set the pools'
policies and issue directives to the pool managers. The pool participants remain
responsible for all other costs including the financing, insurance, manning and
technical management of their vessels. The earnings of all of the vessels are
aggregated and divided according to the relative performance capabilities of the
vessel and the actual earning days each vessel is available.
LR2 Pool
The LR2 Pool is comprised of 13 Aframax tankers with double hulls that
mainly trade clean petroleum products. We formed LR2 Management A/S, a Danish
corporation that serves as the commercial manager of the LR2 Pool. We own 50% of
all issued and outstanding voting stock of LR2 Management A/S. The other 50% is
owned by A.P. M0ller, one of the pool participants. The other participants in
this pool are Primorsk Shipping Corporation and Reederei "Nord" Klaus E.
Oldendorff Ltd. One of our owned vessels and two of our chartered in vessels,
TORM Helene, TORM Kristina and TORM Gudrun, currently participate in this pool
and we have contracted to add two newbuildings to the pool in 2003 when the
vessels are delivered from the shipbuilding yards. The LR2 pool has also time
chartered in on a short term basis one vessel, the charter of which is expected
to end in January 2004. If a participant wants to sell one of its vessels in the
pool, it needs to give notice to the pool board two months in advance of such
sale, and six months notice is required for a participant to withdraw all of its
vessels from the pool.
LR1 Pool
The LR1 Pool consists of 23 Panamax tankers, and we serve as the sole
manager of the pool. The other participants in this pool are Nordic Tankers I/S,
Nordan Tankers 3 Inc., Nordan Tankers 4 Inc., Nordan Tankers 5 Inc., Marinvest
Shipping AB and Waterfront Shipping AS. Currently three of our vessels, TORM
Hilde (ex. Sitamona), TORM Margrethe and Kirsten, participate in this pool, and
we have contracted to add two new buildings to the pool in 2004 when the vessels
are delivered from the shipbuilding yards. If a participant wants to sell one of
its vessels or withdraw all of them from the pool, it needs to give three months
advance notice to the pool board.
TPP Pool (MR)
The TPP Pool is a pooling arrangement we have entered into with Primorsk
Shipping Corporation, Sanmar Shipping and LGR Di Navigazone S.P. for the pooling
of 21 Handymax product tankers. We serve as the sole manager of the TPP Pool.
Nine of our vessels, Torm Mary, Torm Vita, Torm Gertrud, Torm Gerd, Torm
Gunhild, Torm Asia, Torm Gotland, Torm Anne and Olga, participate in this pool.
If a participant wants to sell one of its vessels or withdraw all of them from
the pool, it needs to give three months advance notice to the pool manager. Our
two Handymax new buildings were entered into this pool upon their delivery in
early 2003.
DRY BULK VESSEL POOLING ARRANGEMENTS
We operate our dry bulk vessels in two pooling arrangements based on the
size of the vessel. Similar to the pooling arrangement for our product tankers,
the earnings of all of the vessels are aggregated and divided according to the
relative performance capabilities of the vessel and the actual earning days per
vessel. Each pool is administered by a pool board, which is comprised of
representatives of each pool participant. The pool boards set the pools'
policies and issue directives to the pool managers. The pool participants remain
responsible for the financing, insurance, manning and technical management of
their individually owned vessels.
Panamax Pool
We operate a pool with Wah Kwong Shipping Agency Co. consisting of
approximately 15 to 25 Panamax vessels. Two of our owned vessels participate in
this pool, TORM Marina and TORM Tekla, but we also time charter approximately 13
additional vessels on time charters ranging from 60 days to three years to suit
the needs of the pool. We serve as the commercial manager of the pool and our
responsibilities include marketing, chartering, operation and bunker fixing and
chartering of the vessels.
Handysize Pool
We established a new pool called the International Handybulk Carriers, or
IHC Pool, on October 1, 2001, together with Pacific Basin Shipping Investments
Limited and Wah Kwong Shipping Holdings Limited. This pool is comprised of
approximately 30 to 35 vessels. Pacific Basin serves as commercial manager for
the pool. We have entered two of our owned vessels into the pool, TORM Arawa and
TORM Pacific, as well as two chartered in vessels.
OUR INVESTMENT IN DAMPSKIBSSELSKABET "NORDEN" A/S
In June 2002, we purchased 30.8% of Dampskibsselskabet "NORDEN" A/S's, or
NORDEN's, share capital excluding treasury shares, followed by a public offer to
NORDEN's shareholders at DKK 360 per share.
NORDEN, founded in 1871, is a Danish based shipping company listed on the
Copenhagen Stock Exchange. NORDEN's focus is on tankers and bulk carriers.
NORDEN runs a worldwide operation of approximately 75 vessels through a mix of
owned and chartered tonnage.
Upon the expiration of our tender offer on July 29, 2002, the offer was
neither extended nor increased. As of June 15, 2003, we were NORDEN's single
largest shareholder, with 33.35% of NORDEN's outstanding shares, excluding
treasury shares. It is our goal to achieve a successful combination of the two
companies, which would provide a platform for further growth, and give us a
genuine competitive advantage in the international shipping market place.
THE INDUSTRY - TANKERS
The international product tanker industry provides seaborne transportation
of refined petroleum products for the oil market. According to industry sources,
tankers transported approximately 518 million tons of refined oil products in
2002. The two main types of operators that provide transportation services in
the tanker market are:
o major oil companies; and
o independent shipowners.
They provide transportation services for end users such as:
o oil companies;
o oil traders;
o petrochemical companies;
o government agencies; and
o power plants.
According to industry sources, the world tanker fleet above 10,000 dwt
consists of approximately 3,450 vessels totaling 295 million dwt as of January
1, 2003. Oil companies own, or control through long-term time charters,
approximately one third of the current world tanker capacity. Independent
shipowners own or control the other two thirds. Oil companies use their fleets
not only to transport their own oil products, but also to compete with the
independent shipowners to transport oil products for others.
The quality of tanker vessels and operations has improved over the past
several years, as charterers and regulators increasingly focus on safety and
protection of the environment. National authorities and international
conventions have historically regulated the oil transportation industry. Since
1990, the emphasis on environmental protection has increased. Legislation and
regulations such as the U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990, or OPA, IMO, protocols
and classification society procedures demand higher-quality tanker construction,
maintenance, repair and operations. Charterers of all types, including oil
companies, terminal operators, shippers and receivers are becoming increasingly
selective in their acceptance of tankers and are inspecting and vetting both
vessels and companies on a periodic basis. As these changes have imposed costs
and potential liabilities on tanker owners and operators, they have also raised
barriers to entry and favored shipowners with quality fleets and operations.
Limitations imposed by port states and the IMO on trading of older single hull
vessels should accelerate the commercial obsolescence of older, poor-quality
tankers.
The industry identifies tankers as either product tankers or crude oil
tankers on the basis of various factors including technical specifications and
trading histories. Crude oil tankers carry crude oil and so-called "dirty"
products such as fuel oils. Product tankers carry refined petroleum products
such as gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, naphtha and gas oil, which are often
referred to as "clean" products.
Product tankers are tankers that typically have cargo handling systems that
are designed to transport several different refined products simultaneously,
such as gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, naphtha and heating oil, from refineries
to the ultimate consumer. Product tankers generally have coated cargo tanks that
make it easier to clean the tanks between voyages involving different cargoes.
This coating also protects the steel in the tanks from corrosive cargoes.
Product tankers generally range in size from 10,000 dwt to 100,000 dwt.
Although product tankers are designed to carry dirty as well as clean
products, they generally do not switch between clean and dirty cargoes. A vessel
carrying dirty cargo must undergo a cleaning process prior to loading clean
cargo and many charterers want to eliminate any risk of contamination. In
addition, specified design, outfitting and technical factors tend to make some
vessels better suited to handling the physical properties of distinct cargoes.
Our vessels primarily transport clean products. Our double-hulled product
tankers, which range in size from 45,000 dwt to 105,000 dwt, compete with
tankers of similar size and quality. The rates that we are able to obtain for
our vessels are subject to the supply and demand dynamics described below.
Supply and Demand for Tankers
The supply of, and demand for, tanker capacity strongly influences tanker
charter rates and vessel values for all tankers. Supply and demand has
historically caused fluctuations in tanker charter rates and second hand values.
Demand for oil tankers is related to the demand for oil and oil products
and the distance between points of production and points of consumption. Demand
for refined petroleum products is, in turn, affected by, among other things:
o general economic conditions, which include increases and decreases in
industrial production and transportation;
o oil prices;
o environmental issues or concerns;
o climate;
o competition from alternative energy sources; and
o regulatory environment.
The supply of tanker capacity is a function of the number of tankers
delivered to the fleet relative to the number of tankers permanently taken from
service when they become technically or economically obsolete. Currently, it
takes approximately 24 to 36 months from the time a building contract is entered
into before a newbuilding is delivered. Over the past three years, the average
age of tankers removed from service has mainly ranged between 21 and 25 years.
Other factors affecting the supply of tankers include:
o the number of combined carriers, or vessels capable of carrying oil or
dry bulk cargoes, carrying oil cargoes;
o the number of new buildings on order and being delivered;
o the number of tankers in lay-up, which refers to vessels that are in
storage, dry-docked, awaiting repairs or otherwise not available or
out of commission; and
o the number of tankers scrapped for obsolescence or subject to
casualties;
o prevailing and expected future charterhire rates;
o costs of bunkers, fuel oil, and other operating costs;
o the efficiency and age of the world tanker fleet;
o current shipyard capacity; and
o government and industry regulation of maritime transportation
practices, particularly environmental protection laws and regulations.
Environmental laws and regulations are imposing requirements on vessels
when they reach 25 years of age that lessen the amount of cargo they can carry
or require that the vessel be configured in a different way. These requirements
tend to impose costs on those older vessels and make operating them less
economical.
THE INDUSTRY - DRY BULK FLEET
Overview
The dry bulk carrier industry is highly fragmented with many owners and
operators of vessels, including proprietary owners who are large shippers of dry
bulk cargo, state-controlled shipping companies and independent operators.
Dry bulk cargo consists of the major bulk commodities, which are coal, iron
ore and grain and the minor bulk commodities which include steel products,
forest products, agricultural products, bauxite and alumina, phosphates,
petcoke, cement, sugar, salt, minerals, scrap metal and pig iron. Dry bulk
carriers are generally single deck ships, which transport unpacked cargo, which
is poured, tipped or placed through hatchways into the hold of the ships.
Historically, charter rates for dry bulk carriers have been influenced by
the demand for, and the supply of, vessel tonnage. The demand for vessel tonnage
is largely a function of the level of worldwide economic activity and the
distance between major trade areas. Supply is primarily driven by the size of
the existing worldwide dry bulk carrier fleet, scrapping and newbuilding
activity. Charter rates and vessel values are determined in a highly competitive
global market and have been characterized by fluctuations since the mid-1980s.
Vessel Types
Vessels utilized in the carriage of major bulk cargoes are generally
classified into three categories, based on carrying capacity:
o Handysize dry bulk carriers (20,000 to 30,000 dwt). Unlike most larger
dry bulk carriers, Handysize dry bulk carriers are equipped with cargo
gear such as cranes. This type of vessel is well-suited for
transporting both major and minor bulk commodities to ports around the
world that may have draft restrictions or are not equipped with gear
for loading or discharging of cargo.
o Panamax dry bulk carriers (60,000 to 80,000 dwt). Panamax dry bulk
carriers vessels are designed with the maximum width, length and draft
that will allow them to transit fully laden through the Panama Canal.
Panamax vessels are primarily used in the transport of major bulks
such as grain and coal, along with some minor bulks like phosphate,
petcoke and salt.
o Capesize dry bulk carriers (100,000 dwt or above). Capesize dry bulk
carriers primarily transit from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean via
Cape Horn or the Cape of Good Hope, hence their name. Capesize vessels
are typically used for long voyages in the coal and iron ore trades.
In addition to the three standard vessel types, the world bulk carrier
fleet also includes combination carriers. These vessels are typically large,
capable of carrying either crude oil or dry bulk cargoes and compete with both
Capesize and Panamax bulk carriers. The role of combination carriers has been
decreasing since 1990 because such vessels, which were not built primarily for
the dry cargo market but rather for the oil tanker market, have come to be
considered less desirable by charterers of oil tankers, since their oil carrying
capacity may be limited and they are not strictly specialized for the carriage
of oil.
Set forth below are some of the characteristics of the principal cargoes
carried by dry bulk carriers.
o Coal. The two categories comprising this segment are steam (or
thermal) coal, which is used by power utilities, and coking (or
metallurgical) coal, which is used by steelmakers. Steam coal is
primarily transported from Australia, South Africa and the United
States to Europe and Japan. Coking coal is primarily transported from
Australia, the United States and Canada to Europe and Japan.
o Iron Ore. Iron ore is primarily transported from Brazil and Australia
to Europe and Japan. The majority of iron ore shipments is carried by
Capesize dry bulk carriers.
o Grain. The grain trade includes wheat, wheat flour, coarse grains
(corn and barley), soybeans and soybean meal. Although the annual
volume of the grain trade is subject to political factors and weather
conditions, shipments have remained relatively stable over the past
five years. Grain is primarily transported from the United States,
Canada, Europe, Australia and Argentina to the Far East, Latin America
and Africa. Approximately 90% of the international seaborne trade is
carried by Handysize and Panamax vessels while the remainder is
transported by Capesize vessels.
Our dry bulk vessels transport cargo such as grain, coal and iron ore. We
operate both Handysize and Panamax dry bulk vessels. Most of the coal and iron
ore we transport are carried on our Panamax vessels, while both types of vessels
carry grain and fertilizer. The rates that we can achieve for our vessels depend
on the supply and demand dynamics described below.
Demand for Dry Bulk Vessels
Due to the variety of cargo carried by dry bulk carriers, demand for such
vessels is dependent on a number of factors, including world and regional
economic and political conditions, developments in international trade, changes
in seaborne and other transportation patterns, weather patterns, crop yields,
armed conflicts, port congestion, canal closures and other diversions of trade.
Generally, since larger ships carry fewer types of cargoes, demand for larger
vessels is affected by trade patterns in a small number of commodities. Demand
for smaller vessels is more diversified and is determined by trade in a larger
number of commodities. As a result, charter rates for smaller dry bulk carriers,
such as Handysize dry bulk carriers, have tended to be relatively more stable
than charter rates for larger dry bulk carriers.
Supply of Dry Bulk Carriers
The size of the world's dry bulk carrier fleet changes as a result of
newbuildings and scrapping or loss of vessels. The general trend in the
development of the bulk market has always been closely linked to the state of
the world economy. The economic downturn in Asia in 1998 led to sharp falls in
cargo volumes, and therefore rates, whereas the subsequent recovery has likewise
acted to boost the sector with rates recovering to those prevailing prior to the
crisis.
CHARTERING OF THE FLEET
Vessels can be chartered by customers in a variety of ways.
The spot market provides the most frequent source of employment for our
vessels. In the spot market, the charterer hires the vessel to carry cargo on a
specific voyage. The owner provides the crew and bears all vessel operating
costs and voyage costs, including fuel and port costs.
A charterer and owner can also enter into a time charter for a vessel. Time
charters involve a charterer hiring a vessel for a fixed period, which may range
from a short number of days to several years. Typical time charters are for
periods of between six to 36 months. In a time charter, the owner bears
operating costs, while the charterer is responsible for the voyage costs,
including fuel oil.
A demise charter, also referred to as a bareboat charter, involves the
chartering of a vessel for a fixed period of time. However, unlike a time
charter, a bareboat charter requires the user to pay for all operating expenses,
maintenance of the vessel and voyage costs.
All of our vessels operate in pools. Within each pool, a vessel may be time
chartered out by the pool manager, but the charterhire is divided among all of
the vessels in the pool and therefore does not provide us with the steady income
normally associated with time charters. Each pool manager will determine the
number of vessels to be time chartered depending on charter hire rates and pool
board strategy. Vessels in our pools that are not time chartered generally trade
in the spot market. However, the pools do enter into contracts of affreightment,
which provide a guaranteed fixed income over a period of time.
MANAGEMENT OF THE FLEET
We provide the operations, chartering, technical support, shipyard
supervision, insurance and financing management services necessary to support
our fleet. Our chartering staff, as well as our fleet's management personnel, is
located in the head office in Copenhagen. Our staff in Copenhagen makes
recommendations to our senior management regarding the chartering of our
vessels, as well as identifying when opportunities arise to buy or sell a
vessel. We have offices worldwide in London, Singapore and Tokyo, but all
decisions relating to the vessels we manage are made or approved in our office
in Copenhagen.
SEASONALITY
The demand for product tankers, bulk carriers and liner vessels has
historically fluctuated depending on the time of year. Demand for product
tankers is influenced by many factors, including general economic conditions,
but it is primarily related to demand for petroleum products in the areas of
greatest consumption. Accordingly, demand for product tankers generally rises
during the winter months and falls during the summer months in the Northern
hemisphere. Demand for bulk carriers is not as volatile as that for tankers, but
demand does generally increase in the spring months in North America as demand
for grain increases and generally falls back during the winter months. More
consistent commodities such as coal, however, provide some stability to the bulk
vessel trade. Moreover, these are generalized trading patterns that vary from
year to year and there is no guarantee that similar patterns will continue in
the future.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND OTHER REGULATIONS
Government regulation significantly affects the ownership and operation of
our vessels. The various types of governmental regulation that affect our
vessels include international conventions, national, state and local laws and
regulations in force in the countries in which our vessels may operate or where
our vessels are registered. We cannot predict the ultimate cost of complying
with these requirements, or the impact of these requirements on the resale value
or useful lives of our vessels. Various governmental and quasi-governmental
agencies require us to obtain permits, licenses and certificates for the
operation of our vessels. Although we believe that we are substantially in
compliance with applicable environmental and regulatory laws and have all
permits, licenses and certificates necessary for the conduct of our operations,
future non-compliance or failure to maintain necessary permits or approvals
could require us to incur substantial costs or temporarily suspend operation of
one or more of our vessels.
We believe that the heightened environmental and quality concerns of
insurance underwriters, regulators and charterers are leading to greater
inspection and safety requirements on all vessels and may accelerate the
scrapping of older vessels throughout the industry. Increasing environmental
concerns have created a demand for modern vessels that are able to conform to
the stricter environmental standards. We maintain high operating standards for
all of our vessels that emphasize operational safety, quality maintenance,
continuous training of our crews and officers and compliance with United States
and international and other national regulations.
Our vessels are subject to both scheduled and unscheduled inspections by a
variety of governmental and private entities, each of which may have unique
requirements. These entities include the local port authorities such as the U.S.
Coast Guard, harbor master or equivalent, classification societies, flag state
administration or country of registry, and charterers, particularly terminal
operators and major oil companies which conduct frequent vessel inspections.
Environmental Regulation -- IMO
The International Maritime Organization, or IMO, an agency organized in
1959 by the United Nations, has adopted regulations, which set forth pollution
prevention requirements applicable to tankers. These regulations, which have
been implemented in many jurisdictions in which our vessels operate, provide, in
part, that:
o 25-year old tankers must be of double-hull construction or of a
mid-deck design with double-sided construction, unless:
o they have side, or wing, tanks or double-bottoms that include
spaces not used for the carriage of oil covering at least 30% of
the length of the cargo tank section of the hull or bottom; or
o they are capable of hydrostatically balanced loading, a
specialized loading technique used to minimize spillage in the
event of a hull rupture.
o 30-year-old tankers must be of double-hull construction or
mid-deck design with double-sided construction; and
o all tankers will be subject to enhanced inspections.
Also, under IMO regulations, a tanker must be of double-hull construction
or a mid-deck design with double-sided construction or be of another approved
design ensuring the same level of protection against oil pollution if the
tanker:
o is the subject of a contract for a major conversion or original
construction on or after July 6, 1993;
o commences a major conversion or has its keel, which is a continuous
plate running the length of the vessel at the middle part of the
bottom plating, attached on or after January 6, 1994; or
o completes a major conversion or is a newbuilding delivered on or after
July 6, 1996.
The requirements contained in the International Safety Management Code, or
ISM Code, promulgated by the IMO, also effect our operations. The ISM Code
requires the party with operational control of a vessel to develop an extensive
safety management system that includes, among other things, the adoption of a
safety and environmental protection policy setting forth instructions and
procedures for operating its vessels safely and describing procedures for
responding to emergencies. We are certified as an approved ship manager under
the ISM Code.
The ISM Code requires that vessel operators obtain a safety management
certificate for each vessel they operate. This certificate evidences compliance
by a vessel's management with code requirements for a safety management system.
No vessel can obtain a certificate unless its manager has been awarded a
Document of Compliance, issued by each flag state or by an appointed
classification society, under the ISM Code. All of our vessels have obtained
safety management certificates.
Noncompliance with the ISM Code and other IMO regulations may subject the
ship owner or a bareboat charterer to increased liability, may lead to decreases
in available insurance coverage for affected vessels and may result in the
denial of access to, or detention in, some ports. Both the U.S. Coast Guard and
European Union authorities have indicated that vessels not in compliance with
the ISM Code by the applicable deadlines will be prohibited from trading in U.S.
and European Union ports, as the case may be.
The IMO has negotiated international conventions that impose liability
for oil pollution in international waters and a signatory's territorial waters.
Additional or new conventions, laws and regulations may be adopted which could
limit our ability to do business and which could have a material adverse effect
on our business and results of operations.
Environmental Regulation--OPA/CERCLA
The U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990, or OPA, established an extensive
regulatory and liability regime for environmental protection and cleanup of oil
spills. OPA affects all owners and operators whose vessels trade with the U.S.
or its territories or possessions, or whose vessels operate in the waters of the
U.S., which include the U.S. territorial waters and the two hundred nautical
mile exclusive economic zone of the U.S. The Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation and Liability Act, or CERCLA, applies to the discharge of
hazardous substances (other than oil) whether on land or at sea. Both OPA and
CERCLA impact our operations.
Under OPA, vessel owners, operators and bareboat or "demise" charterers are
"responsible parties" who are all liable regardless of fault, individually and
as a group, for all containment and clean-up costs and other damages arising
from oil spills from their vessels. These "responsible parties" would not be
liable if the spill results solely from the act or omission of a third party, an
act of God or an act of war. The other damages aside from cleanup and
containment costs are defined broadly to include:
o natural resource damages and related assessment costs;
o real and personal property damages;
o net loss of taxes, royalties, rents, profits or earnings capacity;
o net cost of public services necessitated by a spill response, such as
protection from fire, safety or health hazards; and
o loss of subsistence use of natural resources.
OPA limits the liability of responsible parties to the greater of $1,200
per gross ton or $10 million per tanker that is over 3,000 gross tons. This is
subject to possible adjustment for inflation. OPA specifically permits
individual states to impose their own liability regimes with regard to oil
pollution incidents occurring within their boundaries, and some states have
enacted legislation providing for unlimited liability for discharge of
pollutants within their waters. In some cases, states, which have enacted their
own legislation have not yet issued implementing regulations defining tanker
owners' responsibilities under these laws.
CERCLA, which applies to owners and operators of vessels, contains a
similar liability regime and provides for cleanup, removal and natural resource
damages. Liability under CERCLA is limited to the greater of $300 per gross ton
or $5 million. These limits of liability do not apply, however, where the
incident is caused by violation of applicable U.S. federal safety, construction
or operating regulations, or by the responsible party's gross negligence or
willful misconduct. These limits do not apply if the responsible party fails or
refuses to report the incident or to cooperate and assist in connection with the
substance removal activities. OPA and CERCLA each preserve the right to recover
damages under existing law, including maritime tort law.
OPA requires owners and operators of vessels to establish and maintain with
the U.S. Coast Guard evidence of financial responsibility sufficient to meet the
limit of their potential strict liability under OPA. The U.S. Coast Guard has
enacted regulations requiring evidence of financial responsibility in the amount
of $1,500 per gross ton for tankers, coupling the OPA limitation on liability of
$1,200 per gross ton with the CERCLA liability limit of $300 per gross ton.
Under the regulations, evidence of financial responsibility may be demonstrated
by insurance, surety bond, self-insurance or guaranty. Under OPA regulations, an
owner or operator of more than one tanker will be required to demonstrate
evidence of financial responsibility for the entire fleet in an amount equal
only to the financial responsibility requirement of the tanker having the
greatest maximum liability under OPA and CERCLA. We have provided requisite
guarantees and received certificates of financial responsibility from the U.S.
Coast Guard for each of our vessels required to have one.
We insure each of our vessels with pollution liability insurance in the
maximum commercially available amount of $1 billion. A catastrophic spill could
exceed the insurance coverage available, in which event there could be a
material adverse effect on our business.
Under OPA, with certain limited exceptions, all newly-built or converted
tankers operating in U.S. waters must be built with double-hulls. Existing
vessels that do not comply with the double-hull requirement must be phased out
over a 20-year period beginning in 1995 based on size, age and place of
discharge, unless retrofitted with double-hulls. Notwithstanding the phase-out
period, OPA currently permits existing single-hull tankers to operate until the
year 2015 if their operations within U.S. waters are limited to:
o discharging at the Louisiana Offshore Oil Port, also known as the
LOOP; or
o unloading with the aid of another vessel, a process referred to in the
industry as "lightering," within authorized lightering zones more than
60 miles off-shore.
Owners or operators of tankers operating in the waters of the U.S. must
file vessel response plans with the U.S. Coast Guard, and their tankers are
required to operate in compliance with their U.S. Coast Guard approved plans.
These response plans must, among other things:
o address a "worst case" scenario and identify and ensure, through
contract or other approved means, the availability of necessary
private response resources to respond to a "worst case discharge";
o describe crew training and drills; and
o identify a qualified individual with full authority to implement
cleanup actions.
We have obtained vessel response plans approved by the U.S. Coast Guard for
our vessels operating in United States waters. In addition, the U.S. Coast Guard
has announced it intends to propose similar regulations requiring certain tanker
vessels to prepare response plans for the release of hazardous substances.
Environmental Regulation--Other
Although the U.S. is not a party to these conventions, many countries have
ratified and follow the liability scheme adopted by the IMO and set out in the
International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage, 1969, or
CLC. Under this convention, a vessel's registered owner is strictly liable for
pollution damage caused in the territorial waters of a contracting state by
discharge of oil, subject to some complete defenses. Liability is limited to
approximately $183 per gross registered ton or approximately $19.3 million,
whichever is less. If, however, the country in which the damage results is a
party to the 1992 Protocol to the CLC, the maximum liability rises to
approximately $82.7 million. The limit of liability is tied to a unit of
account, which varies according to a basket of currencies. The right to limit
liability is forfeited under the CLC where the spill is caused by the owner's
actual fault and under the 1992 Protocol, where the spill is caused by the
owner's intentional or reckless conduct. Vessels trading to states, which are
party to this convention must provide evidence of insurance covering the limited
liability of the owner. In jurisdictions where the CLC has not been adopted,
various legislative schemes or common law govern, and liability is imposed
either on the basis of fault or in a manner similar to the CLC.
In addition, most U.S. states that border a navigable waterway have enacted
environmental pollution laws that impose strict liability on a person for
removal costs and damages resulting from a discharge of oil or a release of a
hazardous substance. These laws may be more stringent than U.S. federal law.
Several of our vessels currently carry cargoes to United States waters
regularly and we believe that all of our vessels are suitable to meet OPA
requirements and that they would also qualify for trade if chartered to serve
U.S. ports.
European Union and IMO Regulations
The IMO has approved a timetable for the accelerated phasing-out of
single-hull oil tankers. Oil tankers delivered in 1976 and 1977 and which do not
comply with the requirements for protectively located segregated ballast tanks
will be phased out by January 1, 2005.
The total loss of the oil tanker Erika off the coast of France on December
12, 1999 polluted more than 250 miles of French coastline with heavy oil.
Following the spill, the European Commission adopted a "communication on the
safety of oil transport by sea," also named the "Erika Communication."
As a part of this, the European Commission has adopted a proposal for a
general ban on single-hull oil tankers. The timetable for the ban is similar to
that set by the United States under OPA in order to prevent oil tankers banned
from U.S. waters from shifting their trades to Europe. The ban plans for a
gradual phase-out of tankers depending on vessel type:
o Single-hull oil tankers larger than 20,000 dwt without protective
ballast tanks around the cargo tanks. This category is proposed to be
phased out by 2005.
o Single-hull oil tankers larger than 20,000 dwt in which the cargo tank
area is partly protected by segregated ballast tank. This category is
proposed to be phased out by 2010.
o Single-hull tankers below 20,000 dwt. This category is proposed to be
phased out by 2015.
Partly in response to the oil spill caused by the sinking of the tanker
Prestige, a single hulled tanker owned by an entity that is not affiliated with
us, in November 2002, the European Union proposed new regulations in March of
2003 that would, among other things, place a ban on the transportation of heavy
oil grades in all single-hull tankers loading or discharging at European Union
ports. These regulations also accelerate the phase-out schedule of all single
hull tankers. The European Union Parliament is scheduled to meet in July 2003,
to ratify these new regulations. The details of the proposal are as follows:
o Single hull tankers built on or before 1980 will immediately be barred
from entering into ports, offshore terminals, or anchor in an area
under the jurisdiction of a Member state.
o Heavy crude oils (API grade < 25.7, heavy fuel oils (viscosity >180
mm2/s), bitumen and tar and their emulsion may be carried in double
hull tankers only.
o Single hull non-segregated ballast tankers built on or before 1981
will be phased out in 2004.
o Single hull non-segregated ballast tankers built on or before 1982
will be phased out in 2005.
o Otherwise, the proposed phase out schedule is the same as that of with
OPA.
Several European Union nations have already implemented an absolute ban on
single hull tankers carrying fuel oil and heavy oil grades. Spain has banned
single hull tankers over 5,000 dwt and carrying such cargo from entering her
ports as of January 1, 2003. Italy has announced that similar measures
applicable to single hull tankers over 15 years of age will be implemented
during the first half of 2003, and Spain, France and Portugal have prohibited
single hull tankers carrying such cargoes from passing through their 200-mile
economic exclusion zones since December, 2002.
INSPECTION BY CLASSIFICATION SOCIETIES
Every seagoing vessel must be "classed" by a classification society. The
classification society certifies that the vessel is "in class," signifying that
the vessel has been built and maintained in accordance with the rules of the
classification society and complies with applicable rules and regulations of the
vessel's country of registry and the international conventions of which that
country is a member. In addition, where surveys are required by international
conventions and corresponding laws and ordinances of a flag state, the
classification society will undertake them on application or by official order,
acting on behalf of the authorities concerned.
The classification society also undertakes on request other surveys and
checks that are required by regulations and requirements of the flag state.
These surveys are subject to agreements made between the vessels' class and the
flag state concerned.
For maintenance of the class, regular and extraordinary surveys of hull,
machinery, including the electrical plant, and any special equipment classed are
required to be performed as follows:
Annual Surveys: For seagoing ships, annual surveys are conducted for the
hull and the machinery, including the electrical plant, and where applicable for
special equipment classed, at intervals of 12 months from the date of
commencement of the class period indicated in the certificate.
Intermediate Surveys: Extended annual surveys are referred to as
intermediate surveys and typically are conducted two and one-half years after
commissioning and each class renewal. Intermediate surveys may be carried out on
the occasion of the second or third annual survey.
Class Renewal Surveys: Class renewal surveys, also known as special
surveys, are carried out for the ship's hull, machinery, including the
electrical plant, and for any special equipment classed, at the intervals
indicated by the character of classification for the hull. At the special
survey, the vessel is thoroughly examined, including audio-gauging to determine
the thickness of the steel structures. Should the thickness be found to be less
than class requirements, the classification society would prescribe steel
renewals. The classification society may grant a one-year grace period for
completion of the special survey. Substantial amounts of money may have to be
spent for steel renewals to pass a special survey if the vessel experiences
excessive wear and tear. In lieu of the special survey every four or five years,
depending on whether a grace period was granted, a shipowner has the option of
arranging with the classification society for the vessel's hull or machinery to
be on a continuous survey cycle, in which every part of the vessel would be
surveyed within a five-year cycle.
At an owner's application, the surveys required for class renewal may be
split according to an agreed schedule to extend over the entire period of class.
This process is referred to as continuous class renewal.
All areas subject to survey as defined by the classification society are
required to be surveyed at least once per class period, unless shorter intervals
between surveys are prescribed elsewhere. The period between two subsequent
surveys of each area must not exceed five years.
Most vessels are also dry-docked every 30 to 36 months for inspection of
the underwater parts and for repairs related to inspections. If any defects are
found, the classification surveyor will issue a condition of class, known as a
"recommendation" which must be rectified by the shipowner within prescribed time
limits.
Most insurance underwriters make it a condition for insurance coverage that
a vessel be certified as "in class" by a classification society, which is a
member of the International Association of Classification Societies. All our
vessels are certified as being "in class" by Lloyd's Register or Det Norske
Veritas. All new and second hand vessels that we purchase must be certified
prior to their delivery under our standard contracts and memorandum of
agreement. If the vessel is not certified on the date of closing, we have no
obligation to take delivery of the vessel.
RISK OF LOSS AND LIABILITY INSURANCE
General
The operation of any cargo vessel includes risks such as mechanical
failure, collision, property loss, cargo loss or damage and business
interruption due to political circumstances in foreign countries, hostilities
and labor strikes. In addition, there is always an inherent possibility of
marine disaster, including oil spills and other environmental mishaps, and the
liabilities arising from owning and operating vessels in international trade.
OPA, which imposes virtually unlimited liability upon owners, operators and
demise charterers of any vessel trading in the United States exclusive economic
zone for certain oil pollution accidents in the United States, has made
liability insurance more expensive for ship owners and operators trading in the
U.S. market. We carry insurance against loss of hire, which protects against
business interruption following a loss under our hull and machinery policy. This
policy does not protect us from business interruptions caused by any other
losses. While we believe that our present insurance coverage is adequate, not
all risks can be insured, and there can be no guarantee that any specific claim
will be paid, or that we will always be able to obtain adequate insurance
coverage at reasonable rates.
Hull and Machinery Insurance
We have obtained marine hull and machinery and war risk insurance, which
include damage to a vessel's hull and machinery, collisions and the risk of
actual or constructive total loss, for all of our vessels. The vessels are each
covered up to at least fair market value. Under some circumstances, salvage and
towing expenses may be covered. We also arranged increased value coverage for
each vessel. Under this increased value coverage, in the event of total loss of
a vessel, we will be able to recover for amounts not recoverable under the hull
and machinery policy by reason of any under-insurance.
Protection and Indemnity Insurance
Protection and Indemnity insurance is provided by mutual protection and
indemnity associations, which cover our third party liabilities in connection
with our shipping activities including other related expenses of injury or death
of crew, passengers and other third parties, loss or damage to cargo, damage to
other third-party property, pollution arising from oil or other substances, and
in some circumstances, salvage, towing and other related costs, including wreck
removal. Our current protection and indemnity insurance coverage for pollution
is $1 billion.
COMPETITION
We operate in markets that are highly competitive and based primarily on
supply and demand. We compete for charters on the basis of price, vessel
location, size, age and condition of the vessel, as well as on our reputation as
an operator. We conclude our time charters and voyage charters in the spot
market through the use of brokers, through whom we negotiate the terms of the
charters based on market conditions and experience. We compete primarily with
owners of tankers in the Handymax, Panamax and Aframax class sizes in our tanker
division. Ownership of tankers is highly fragmented and is divided among major
oil companies and independent tanker owners. Our bulk vessels and liner service
also compete with other vessels of the same type and size.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are party, as plaintiff or defendant, to a variety of lawsuits for
damages arising principally from personal injury and property casualty claims.
Most claims are covered by insurance, subject to customary deductibles. We
believe that these claims will not, either individually or in the aggregate,
have a material adverse effect on us, our financial condition or results of
operations. From time to time in the future we may be subject to legal
proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business, principally personal
injury and property casualty claims. Those claims, even if lacking merit, could
result in the expenditure of significant financial and managerial resources. We
have not been involved in any legal proceedings, which may have, or have had a
significant effect on our financial position, nor are we aware of any
proceedings that are pending or threatened which may have a significant effect
on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
We time chartered a container vessel, the TORM Alexandra, which suffered a
casualty at the port of Monrovia, Liberia in July 2001. Subsequently, the
vessel's underwriters declared the vessel a constructive total loss, and the
time charter was terminated. The port authorities have notified both the owner
of the vessel and us that they intend to pursue claims related to damage to a
quay, a spillage of fuel oil, and loss of life of persons who later tried to
loot cargo from the vessel. Owners have pursued a claim against us for loss of
the vessel. We believe that the owner of the vessel is liable for all of these
claims and that the owner has insurance coverage for these claims. To the extent
claims are brought against us, we believe that those claims are covered by
insurance, and that this casualty will not have a material effect on our
financial condition or results of operations.
C. Organizational Structure
The following tables set forth our significant subsidiaries as of June 15,
2003.
Our Wholly-Owned Tankers. Each subsidiary listed below is a wholly-owned
Liberian corporation (with the exception of Anne Product Carriers (PTE) Ltd.,
which is a Singapore corporation) that owns a 100% interest in a tanker.
Subsidiary Vessel
---------- ------
Hermia Shipping Corporation TORM Helene
Alice Product Tanker Corporation TORM Gotland
Estrid Shipping Corporation TORM Mary
Ragnhild Shipping Corporation TORM Vita
Gertrud Shipping Corporation TORM Gertrud
Gerd Shipping Corporation TORM Gerd
Anne Product Carriers (PTE) Ltd. TORM Anne
Gunhild Shipping Corporation TORM Gunhild
Olga Shipping Corporation Olga
Skagerak Tankers Limited TORM Gyda
Caseros Shipping Limited TORM Asia
Our 50%-owned Tanker. The subsidiary listed below is a wholly-owned
Liberian corporation that owns 50% of the ownership interests in a tanker. An
unaffiliated third party owns the remaining 50%.
Subsidiary Vessel
---------- ------
Hilde Shipping Corporation Kirsten
Our Chartered-In Tankers. We directly charter-in four tankers from unaffiliated
third party vessel owners: the TORM Margrethe and TORM Hilde under bareboat
charters and the TORM Gudrun and TORM Kristina under time charters.
Our Dry Bulk Carriers. Each subsidiary listed below is a wholly-owned
Liberian corporation (with the exception of Tekla Shipping Company Ltd., which
is a Bahamas corporation) that owns a 100% interest in a dry bulk carrier.
Subsidiary Vessel
---------- ------
Bothnia Shipping Corporation TORM Marina
Tekla Shipping Company Ltd. TORM Tekla
Southern Light Shipping Limited TORM Arawa
Eastern Light Shipping Limited TORM Pacific
D. Property, Plant and Equipment
We do not own any real property other than three small residential
properties. We lease office space in Copenhagen, Singapore and London. The
Copenhagen office comprises approximately 3,000 square meters and is leased
until July 2010 at a rate of DKK 4.5 million, or approximately USD 570,000 per
year from an unaffiliated third party. The Singapore office comprises
approximately 120 square meters and is leased until May 31, 2005 at a rate of
SGD 93,306, or approximately USD 52,069 (DKK 410,817) per year from an
unaffiliated third party. Furthermore, we have an apartment in Singapore that is
leased until June 21, 2005 at a rate of SGD 54,000, or approximately USD 30,135
(DKK 237,757) per year from an unaffiliated third party. The London office
comprises approximately 550 square feet and is leased until March 2004 at a rate
of (pound)21,000, or approximately USD 30,000 (DKK 237,000), per year from an
unaffiliated third party.
The following table lists our entire fleet of owned and long term chartered
in vessels:
Product Tankers Year Built Dwt Ownership Flag (1)
--------------- ---------- --- --------- --------
Wholly Owned
TORM Helene 1997 99,990 Hermia Shipping DIS
TORM Gotland 1995 47,629 Alice Shipping DIS
TORM Mary 2002 45,800 Estrid Shipping DIS
TORM Vita 2002 45,800 Ragnhild Shipping DIS
TORM Gertrud 2003 45,800 Gertrud Shipping DIS
TORM Gerd 2002 45,800 Gerd Shipping DIS
TORM Anne 1999 45,507 Anne Product Carriers Singapore
TORM Gunhild 1999 45,457 Gunhild Shipping DIS
TORM Gyda 1992 44,646 Skagerak Tankers DIS
Olga 1992 44,646 Olga Shipping Liberia
TORM Asia 1994 44,367 Caseros Shipping Hong Kong
Partially Owned
Kirsten 1988 83,660 Hilde Shipping NIS
Chartered In
TORM Kristina 1999 105,000 Liberia
TORM Gudrun 2000 99,990 Liberia
TORM Hilde
(ex.Sitamona) 1990 84,040 Rask Shipping NIS
TORM Margrethe 1988 83,955 D/S TORM DIS
--------
Bulk Carriers Year Built Dwt Flag
------------- ---------- --- ----
TORM Marina 1990 69,637 Bothnia Shipping DIS
TORM Tekla 1993 69,268 Tekla Shipping DIS
TORM Arawa 1997 27,827 Southern Light Shipping Liberia
TORM Pacific 1997 27,802 Eastern Light Shipping Liberia
ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS
The financial information included in the discussion below is derived from
our consolidated financial statements. The consolidated financial information
includes the results of our Liner activities, which were disposed of during 2002
(see Note 16 to the consolidated financial statements). The consolidated
financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Danish GAAP, which
differs in certain significant respects from U.S. GAAP. For a discussion of the
differences between Danish GAAP and U.S. GAAP and a reconciliation of profit
(loss) and stockholders' equity to U.S. GAAP, see Note 17 to our consolidated
financial statements.
A. Operating Results
For the year ended December 31
--------------------------------------
2000 2001 2002
---------- ---------- ----------
(restated) (restated)
(in thousands of DKK)
Statement of Operations Data:
Net revenue 2,158,671 2,583,351 1,948,036
Port expenses, Bunkers, Charter
Hire and Technical Running costs (1,545,801) (1,792,776) (1,616,391)
---------- ---------- ----------
Net earnings from shipping activities 612,870 790,575 331,645
Profit on sale of vessels/interests 12,263 92,960 81,164
Administrative expenses (84,418) (129,535) (115,890)
Other operating income 45,305 60,197 55,228
Depreciation and write downs (220,727) (159,160) (145,357)
---------- ---------- ----------
Profit/(loss) before financial items 365,293 655,037 206,790
Financial items (156,737) (101,444) (91,655)
---------- ---------- ----------
Profit (loss) before tax 208,556 553,593 115,135
Tax on profit on ordinary activities (53,298) (166,018) 360,190
---------- ---------- ----------
Profit (loss) for the year 155,258 387,575 475,325
---------- ---------- ----------
The above consolidated financial data includes the Liner activities, which
was sold to companies in the A.P. M0ller Group on September 16, 2002. The
results of the operations attributable to the Liner activities, which represent
a discontinued operation, are described in Note 1. The impact of this sale is
summarized in Note 16 to our consolidated financial statements included herein.
COMPARISON OF THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2002 AND THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
2001
Net revenue
TORM's net revenue was DKK 1,948 million in 2002 as compared to DKK 2,583
million in 2001, or DKK 1,547 million in 2002 as compared to DKK 2,003 million
in 2001 excluding the Liner activities. The decrease in net revenue in 2002 was
primarily a result of lower revenue in the product tanker segment and a decrease
in the average USD/DKK exchange rate between 2001 and 2002.
The decrease in the average USD/DKK exchange rate between 2001 and 2002 of
5.2% negatively affected the total reported revenue by DKK 100 million of which
approximately DKK 50 million can be attributed to tanker revenues, approximately
DKK 30 million to bulk activities and DKK 20 million to discontinuing
operations.
The decrease in the tanker division's net revenue to DKK 913 million in
2002 as compared to DKK 1,328 million in 2001 was primarily attributable to
lower freight rates in 2002 as compared to 2001 and the exchange rate decrease
of 5.2% in 2002. The decline in freight rates in 2002 as compared to 2001 of
approximately 33% was a consequence of a significant increase in the world
fleet, a worsening world economy and the fact that 2001 freight rates were very
high. Despite taking delivery of four product tankers in 2002, the tanker
division operated approximately the same number of vessel days as in 2001, as
two vessels that were chartered in were redelivered in 2002. Towards the end of
2002, freight rates in the product tanker segment increased considerably,
leading to higher earnings, particularly in December 2002.
For the bulk division, the revenue was DKK 592 million for 2002 as compared
to DKK 590 million for 2001. Despite a decrease in freight rates of
approximately 18% in 2002 as compared to 2001 and the effect of a lower average
USD/DKK exchange rate, bulk division revenue increased marginally. This was
attributable to the increase in TORM's bulk tonnage in the second half of 2002
through time-chartering in additional vessels at low levels. The additional
vessels were primarily in the Panamax segment, where TORM chartered-in 13
vessels. Net revenue in the Liner activities was DKK 401 million through the
September 16, 2002 as compared to DKK 581 million in 2001.
Port Expenses, Bunkers, Charter Hire and Technical Running costs (Operating
costs)
Charter hire and port expenses each represent 35 to 45% of the total
operating costs, while technical running costs and bunker consumption represent
a combined 10 to 15% of operating costs. All items included in operating costs
are directly influenced by changes in the USD/DKK exchange rate.
Port expenses and bunkers were DKK 835 million in 2002 as compared to DKK
808 million in 2001, or DKK 556 million in 2002 as compared to DKK 416 million
in 2001 excluding the Liner activities. This change is primarily due to an
increased level of activity in the bulk division in second half of 2002. The
lower USD/DKK exchange rate decreased port and bunker expenses by DKK 43
million.
Charter hire fell by DKK 225 million to DKK 565 million in 2002, or a
decrease of DKK 181 million, excluding the Liner activities. The charter hire in
the bulk division decreased by DKK 153 million from 2001 to 2002. Chartered in
days were reduced by 24%, or DKK 78 million, and average charter hire fell by
some 15%, or DKK 63 million, as the time charter market generally was weaker in
2002. By the end of 2002, the bulk division increased the chartering in activity
due to an expected increase in freight rates in 2003 and 2004. The lower USD/DKK
exchange rate decreased bulk charter hire by DKK 12 million. The tanker division
had on average one less vessel chartered-in in 2002 because of a lack of tonnage
at competitive prices, resulting in reduced charter hire expense of DKK 21
million, while one offshore vessel was redelivered to its owners due to the
management's decision to cease this operation. The reduced charter hire was DKK
7 million. The lower USD/DKK exchange rate decreased total charter hire by DKK
24 million included in the above figures.
Technical running costs increased by DKK 23 million to DKK 217 million in
2002 from DKK 194 million in 2001. The increase was primarily attributable to
the tanker division, where costs increased by DKK 14 million due the delivery of
four MR newbuildings during the year. Extensive repair work on four of the
Company's tankers and one bulk carrier led to additional costs of DKK 17
million, while the reduced involvement in the offshore segment led to a DKK 10
million reduction in 2002, and a lower USD/DKK exchange rate led to DKK 6
million less costs. General cost increases added DKK 8 million to technical
running costs.
The time-chartered vessels in 2002 did not incur any technical running
costs but only time charter hire payments.
Profit on sale of vessels/interest
Profit from sales of vessels and interests comprise the profits from sales
of vessel, companies, assets and activities as well as the recognition of
deferred profits from sale/leaseback transactions. Profit from sales of vessels
and interests were DKK 81 million in 2002 as compared to DKK 93 million in 2001,
or DKK 17 million in 2002 as compared to DKK 92 million in 2001, excluding the
Liner activities. Our profit from the sales of vessels and interest in 2002
includes DKK 17 million from the recognition of deferred profits on the
sale/leaseback transactions. The profit in 2001 consisted of DKK 74 million from
the sale of two offshore vessels and one MR product tanker and DKK 19 million
related to recognition of deferred profits on the sale/leaseback of vessels.
Administrative expenses
Administration expenses was DKK 116 million in 2002 as compared to DKK 130
million in 2001, or DKK 101 million as compared to DKK 113 million, excluding
the Liner activities. The additional expenses in 2001 were primarily associated
with offering shares to the employees at a discount to market value and an
employee option program totaling DKK 10 million. Furthermore, the expenses for
2001 contained items related to a branding campaign for TORM and other external
consultant fees of DKK 4 million. Additional insurance expenses increased by DKK
2 million in 2002.
Other operating income
Other operating income primarily comprised income from chartering
commissions in connection with the management of the product tanker and bulk
pools. Other operating income decreased by DKK 5 million in 2002 to DKK 55
million from DKK 60 million in 2001, of which DKK 1.5 million was associated
with the Liner activities. The lower level of other operating income in 2002 was
attributable to lower freight rates for tank and bulk vessels in 2002, as the
fees are calculated as a percentage of freight income in the pools. This had a
negative effect of DKK 20 million in 2002. In addition, the lower USD/DKK
exchange rate led to a DKK 3 million reduction in 2002 other operating income.
Increased activity due to a larger number of pool partners and vessels in the
three pools in 2002 increased other operating income by DKK 6 million compared
to 2001. Furthermore in 2002 the item was affected by a provision for
bareboat-chartered vessels of DKK 12 million.
Depreciation and Write-Downs
Depreciation was DKK 145 million in 2002 as compared to DKK 159 million in
2001, or DKK 140 million compared to DKK 148 million, excluding the Liner
activities. The decrease in 2002 was primarily attributable to the change in the
depreciation period from 20 to 25 years in the beginning of the second half of
2001, which lead to a DKK 11 million lower depreciation charge, offset by a DKK
6 million increase in depreciation in 2002 due to a change in fleet composition.
In addition, DKK 3 million of the decrease in depreciation in 2002 was due to
the sale of offshore vessels in 2001.
Financial Items
Financial items consist of interest receivables, exchange gains and
dividends, interest expenses on mortgage and bank debt and realized and
unrealized value adjustments. Financial items were DKK (92 million) in 2002 as
compared to DKK (101 million) in 2001, or DKK (119 million) in 2002 as compared
to DKK (92 million) in 2001, excluding the Liner activities.
Interest income from bonds and cash dropped by DKK 14 million to DKK 31
million in 2002 due to the falling interest rates in 2002 and the sale of bonds
in the summer of 2002 in order to finance an investment in NORDEN.
Interest expenses on the Company's mortgage debt and other bank debt fell
from DKK 122 million to DKK 76 million. Changes in the composition of TORM's
fleet in 2001, including the sale of the offshore vessels, led to a reduction in
expenses of DKK 18 million in 2002, while the addition of newbuildings increased
interest expenses by DKK 9 million as compared to 2001. The lower USD/DKK
exchange rate reduced interest expenses by DKK 5 million, while lower interest
rates reduced interest expenses by DKK 33 million in 2002 as compared to 2001.
Exchange rate adjustments and other value adjustments were DKK (45 million)
in 2002 as compared to DKK (24 million) in 2001, or DKK (73 million) in 2002 and
DKK (15 million) in 2001, excluding the Liner activities. The additional costs
in 2002 were primarily attributable to a significant decrease in the USD/DKK
exchange rate. The net change of DKK (58) million includes a DKK 8 million
unrealized gain on our shares of NORDEN.
Tax on profit on ordinary activities
TORM recorded a tax benefit of DKK 360 million in 2002 as compared to tax
expense of DKK 166 million in 2001. This change is a result of TORM's entry into
the tonnage taxation scheme, which changes the way that TORM is taxed. Please
refer to Item 10 E and Note 1 where the tonnage tax scheme is further discussed.
COMPARISON OF YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2001 TO THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2000
Net revenue
Net revenue increased by DKK 424 million, or 20%, from DKK 2,159 million
for the year ended December 31, 2000 to DKK 2,583 million for the year ended
December 31, 2001. This increase was primarily the result of a rise in the
freight rates, an increase in our available tonnage and a higher USD/DKK
exchange rate.
The freight rates increased substantially for both our product tankers and
dry bulk carriers during the first half of 2001 as compared to rates earned in
the first half of 2000. While these prices have decreased in the second half of
the year they are still higher than early 2000. Increasing growth in the global
economy but especially in the United States throughout 2000 and the beginning of
2001 was the main reason for the increasing freight rates for the product
tankers in the same period. This increased growth lead to a drastic increase in
global oil demand with a firming tendency throughout 2000 and the first half of
2001. The general slowdown in the world economy and in the demand for oil has
resulted in the decreased prices in the second half of 2001.
Our bulk vessels benefited from essentially the same positive trends in the
first half of 2001 combined with a higher level of activity in the transport of
coal to the Far East and corn export from South America.
The increased revenues resulting from the increasing freight rates and
shortage of available tonnage were further impacted by the change in Danish
Kroner to U.S. dollar exchange rate from 8.02 for the year ended December 31,
2000 to 8.41 for the year ended December 31, 2001.
Port Expenses, Bunkers, Charter Hire and Technical Running costs (Operating
costs)
Operating costs increased by DKK 247 million from the year ended December
31, 2000 and the year ended December 31, 2001. The average exchange rate
increased by 7% in this period resulting in increased operating costs of nearly
DKK 110 million or 44% of the change.
The charter hire costs increased approximately DKK 372 million from the
year ended December 31, 2000 and the corresponding period in 2001. Out of the
total increase of DKK 372 million, DKK 60 million was caused by the increased
USD/DKK exchange rate while DKK 120 million was a direct result of the decision
at the end of 2000 to sell two tanker vessels and charter them back and DKK 53
million was caused by increased chartering-in activity. The remaining increase
of DKK 139 million was a result of an increased activity in bulk operations.
Bunker consumption and port expenses decreased by DKK 36 million due to an
increase in the chartering out activity where the charterer covers such costs.
Technical running costs decreased by DKK 89 million despite the abovementioned
increase in the USD/DKK exchange rate that increased expenses by approximately
DKK 6 million. The decrease was related to the sale of two tankers and sale of
our two offshore vessels during 2001 and the sale of two liner vessels and two
bulk carriers during 2000. On average, we employed 4 1/2 fewer units in 2001 as
compared to 2000.
Profit on sale of vessels/interest
During the year ended December 31, 2001, we sold two owned anchor handling
vessels as well as our ownership in two product tankers. These transactions
resulted in a profit of approximately DKK 93 million compared to a profit of DKK
12 million for the year ended December 31, 2000, during which we sold two liner
vessels and our ownership in two bulk carriers.
Administrative expenses
Our administrative expenses have increased to DKK 130 million for the year
ended December 31, 2001 from DKK 84 million for the year ended December 31,
2000, an increase of 55% or DKK 46 million primarily the result of a number of
non-recurring expenses. The Company's decision to list its shares on the NASDAQ
resulted in direct costs in the amount of DKK 13 million. In association with a
stock option plan and a stock purchase plan introduced in 2001 expenses of DKK 9
million were incurred to purchase the Company's own shares. Furthermore, we paid
a bonus to our employees in December 2001. This bonus together with salary
increases and extra costs associated with additional staff amounted to DKK 12
million, while the implementation of a branding campaign and other external
consultant fees amounted to DKK 4 million.
Other operating income
Other operating income increased by DKK 15 million or 33% to DKK 60 million
for the year ended December 31, 2001 from DKK 45 million for the year ended
December 31, 2000. This income is primarily related to chartering commissions we
receive for the services we perform for our pool arrangements. The improved
tanker market, the rising USD/DKK exchange rate and the continued expansion of
the pool concept were the primary reasons for the increase.
Depreciation and write-downs
For the year ended December 31, 2001, depreciation decreased to DKK 159
million from DKK 221 million for the year ended December 31, 2000. The decrease
in depreciation is directly related to a change in the estimated life of our
vessels from 20 to 25 years on July 1, 2001 and a change in the composition of
our fleet. The change in estimated lifetime resulted in a reduction in
depreciation of DKK 21 million for the year, while the effect of the change in
the composition of the fleet during 2000 and 2001 was DKK 41 million.
Financial items
Total financial items decreased from DKK 157 million for the year ended
December 31, 2000 to DKK 101 million for the year ended December 31, 2001, a
decrease of approximately DKK 55 million. The improvement resulted from an
increase in interest income of DKK 9 million from DKK 36 million to DKK 45
million resulting from the large cash reserves, while the sale of the vessels
discussed above resulted in decreased interest expense of approximately DKK 70
million to DKK 122 million. A change in the value adjustments of DKK (3 million)
was partially a result of the sale of our anchor handlers.
Tax on Profit on Ordinary Activities
The tax provision for the year ended December 31, 2001 was DKK 166 million
as compared to a tax provision of DKK 53 million for the year ended December 31,
2000. The effective tax rate was 30% in 2001 and 26% in 2000 due to a change in
the enacted statutory tax rate.
COMPARISON OF THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2002 AND THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
2001 ON SIGNIFICANT BALANCE SHEET ITEMS
Vessels and capitalized dry-docking
Vessels and capitalized dry-docking increased by DKK 838 million, from DKK
1.743 million in 2001 to DKK 2.581 million in 2002. The Company took delivery of
four MR tankers during the year resulting in an increase of DKK 948 million,
while capitalized dry-docking expenses increased by DKK 20 million primarily due
to an increase in the fleet. Ordinary depreciations were DKK 130 million.
Vessels under construction
Vessels under construction decreased by DKK 55 million to DKK 388 million
in 2002. Abovementioned deliveries decreased the item by DKK 922 million, while
prepayments in the Company's six other tankers caused an increase of DKK 867
million.
Other investments
Other investments increased from DKK 38 million to DKK 290 million, or DKK
252 million, due to the Company's decision to acquire 33.35% of the shares of
NORDEN.
In June 2002, we purchased 30.8% of NORDEN's share capital excluding
treasury shares, followed by a public tender offer to NORDEN's shareholders at
DKK 360 per share. Upon the expiration of our tender offer on July 29, 2002, the
offer was neither extended nor increased. As of June 15, 2003, we were NORDEN's
single largest shareholder, with 33.35% of NORDEN's outstanding shares,
excluding treasury shares. It is our goal to achieve a successful combination of
the two companies, which would provide a platform for further growth, and give
us a genuine competitive advantage in the international shipping market place.
Our shares of NORDEN are currently treated in our accounts as "other
investments", as we are not represented on NORDEN's board of directors, do not
have any influence on significant decisions of NORDEN and have access only to
financial information available to all other investors. Our investment in NORDEN
is valued on the basis of a share price of DKK 369.43, the closing price on the
Copenhagen Stock Exchange on December 30, 2002. The total gross investment in
NORDEN shares was DKK 263 million as of December 31, 2002, reflecting a gain of
DKK 8 million from the original investment. The gain has been included in our
consolidated financial statements included herein.
Mortgage debt and bank loans
Mortgage debt and bank loans and next years installments on mortgage debt
increased by DKK 226 million to DKK 2,033 million in 2002. Ordinary debt
repayments were DKK 220 million and borrowings for the vessels delivered in 2002
and the current newbuilding program was DKK 842 million. Due to the enactment of
the new Danish Financial Statements Accounts Act on January 1, 2002 an exchange
rate adjustment of the mortgage debt decreased borrowings by DKK 396 million.
B. Liquidity and capital resources
TORM's total cash and equivalents including bonds was DKK 522 million as of
December 31, 2002. This amount represented DKK 186 million in collateral bond
deposits for vessels on bareboat charters and DKK 336 million in available cash.
As of January 1, 2002, cash and cash equivalents including bonds was DKK 827
million. The net decrease in cash and cash equivalents in 2002 was DKK 305
million from December 31, 2001 mainly due to the acquisition of the NORDEN
shares in mid-2002 of DKK 252 million, cash-prepayments for vessels under
construction of DKK 46 million and dividend payments of DKK 69 million. Of the
cash and cash equivalents of DKK 522 million as of December 31, 2002, DKK 186
million was collateralized in connection with a USD-loan and bareboat agreements
for two of the Company's tankers. In addition to an ordinary overdraft facility
to cover day-to-day fluctuations in liquidity, the Company has an unused
six-year credit facility of DKK 500 million.
During 2002, we generated cash flow from operations of DKK 261 million as
compared to DKK 682 million in 2001. Cash flow from operations was impacted by
the decrease in profits of approximately DKK 380 million and was impacted by
other non-cash adjustments including the decrease in depreciation expense.
Furthermore, the cash flow was offset by an improvement in working capital items
from a cash outflow of DKK 32 million in 2001 to a cash inflow of DKK 39 million
in 2002.
Net cash used for investing activities was DKK 1,119 million in 2002 as
compared to DKK 54 million in 2001. The increase consisted of installment
payments to the shipyards in connection with the newbuilding program and the
investment in the NORDEN shares. This was partly offset by the proceeds from the
sale of the Liner activities.
Cash inflow from financing activities was DKK 552 million in 2002 as
compared to a cash outflow of DKK 519 million in 2001. In 2002, we received
proceeds on new loans related to the newbuilding program of DKK 842 million,
while DKK 220 million was spent on ordinary repayments on the mortgage debt and
DKK 69 million was used for dividend payments. As compared to 2001, borrowings
increased by DKK 678 million.
As of December 31, 2002, we had DKK 2,033 million of loans and mortgage
debt outstanding. These borrowings require that 80 percent of the loan be repaid
over 20 equal semi-annual installments with the remaining 30 percent of the loan
being repaid at the end of that period. DKK 298 million is due on these
borrowings in 2003. Included in these loans is a credit facility of USD 9
million, which is renewed every year. This credit facility requires us to
maintain a certain minimum collateral level.
Certain of our leases require us to maintain as collateral a minimum amount
of cash and bonds on hand. The amount of collateral is assessed each period
dependent on the outstanding debt and the value of the vessels. We are able to
release collateral based on market increases and we are not obligated to
increase the collateral based on market value decreases.
We have a revolving credit agreement for DKK 42 million in place at
December 31, 2002. This agreement bears interest at LIBOR + .625% and is renewed
annually.
Servicing of our obligations under the loan agreements, payment of charter
hire for chartered-in vessels and all other commitments that TORM has entered
into will be paid out of the cash generated by our operating activities. In
2002, we generated a net inflow of DKK 261 million as compared to DKK 682
million in 2001.
As of June 15, 2003 the Company has a newbuilding program totaling four
vessels - two LR2 Aframax product tankers and two LR1 Panamax product tankers.
On newbuildings, the initial 20% of the total contract amount are generally
self-financed by us while the remaining 80% are financed by mortgage debt. TORM
has signed an agreement about the financing of approximately 80% of the contract
amount of the two LR2-product tanker newbuildings to be delivered in 2003 and is
in the process of finalizing the documentation for the loans on the two LR1
vessels. All self-financings have been finalized on all four vessels.
We have significant cash outflow requirements associated with our long term
debt, time charters and financial leases. These payments are impacted by changes
in interest rates. In order to manage this risk, we enter into financial
instruments to swap the variable interest rate on a portion of the borrowings
for fixed rate debt. We believe that based our available cash and investments,
projected operating cash flows and financing capacity, we have sufficient cash
flow to meet our operating requirements and cash flow obligations, while
continuing to pursue other strategic initiatives. We also believe that our
current fleet structure, based on time charters, financial leases and owned
vessels, allows us flexibility to react to change in market conditions.
We will continue to consider strategic opportunities, including the
acquisition of additional vessels and expansions into new markets. We may chose
to pursue such opportunities through internal growth, joint ventures, attracting
pool partners or business acquisitions.
FOREIGN CURRENCY EFFECTS
We are exposed to market risk from changes in foreign exchange rates, which
can affect results from operations and financial condition. To minimize the
risk, we manage our exposure to changes in foreign currency rates through our
regular operating and financing activities and, when deemed appropriate, through
the use of derivative financial instruments, primarily cross currency contracts
and forward exchange contracts.
EFFECTS OF INFLATION
Inflation generally affects us by increasing the interest expense of
floating rate indebtedness and by increasing cost of labor, dry-docking costs
and other operating expenses. We do not believe inflation has had or will have a
material impact on our operations. Inflationary pressures on bunker costs are
not expected to have a material effect on our future operations because freight
rates for voyage charters are generally sensitive to the price of a ship's fuel.
A sharp rise in bunker prices tend to have only a negative effect on results
since freights generally adjust after prices settle at a higher level.
C. Research and development, patents and licenses, etc.
Not applicable.
D. Trend information.
EXPECTATIONS FOR THE REMAINDER OF THE YEAR
Charter rates for the product tankers for the first quarter and into the
second quarter of 2003 have been at higher levels than that of 2002. This is the
result of a number of factors, the effects of which are now diminishing. The
limited growth of the world economy, coupled with a substantial growth in the
world fleet is expected to negatively impact charter rates in the second half of
2003, although relatively low inventories of refined products and an increasing
focus on environmental aspects are expected to provide a floor for charter rate
levels. Consequently, we expect significantly lower product tanker freight rates
in the second half of 2003.
Bulk rates have, as expected, been firm during the first quarter of 2003
and are expected to remain at reasonable levels for the remainder of the year,
given a relatively modest growth in the world fleet. Accordingly, charter rates
for 2003 are expected at a somewhat higher level than those seen in 2002. Lower
economic growth globally, coupled with the effects of the SARS virus on the
Chinese economy could, however, negatively impact the bulk market for the
remainder of the year.
E. Off-balance sheet arrangements.
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that will have a
reasonable likelihood of affecting our current or future financial condition.
F. Tabular disclosure of contractual obligations.
We have various contractual obligations and commercial commitments to make
future payments including debt agreements, lease obligations and purchase
commitments. The following table summarizes our future obligations under these
contracts due by period as of December 31, 2002 (in millions of DKK):
There-
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 after Total
------- ------- ----- ----- ----- ------- -------
Long-Term Debt (1) 259.6 283.7 285.9 150.7 137.9 659.5 1,777.3
Capital Lease
Obligations (2) 38.5 217.8 -- -- -- -- 256.3
Chartered-in Vessels
(Operating leases) 456.2 230.7 110.0 113.4 114.4 356.1 1,380.8
New building
installments
(Purchase
Obligations) (3) 973.8 333.2 -- -- -- -- 1,307.0
------- ------- ----- ----- ----- ------- -------
Total 1,728.1 1,065.4 395.9 264.1 252.3 1,015.6 4,721.4
======= ======= ===== ===== ===== ======= =======
(1) Debt payments could be accelerated upon violation of debt covenants.
We believe the likelihood of a debt covenant violation is remote.
(2) The capital leases are based variable interest rates. As of December
31, 2002, 53% were hedged by interest rate swaps. A 1% increase on the
unhedged interest rate portion will increase Capital Lease Obligations
by USD 0.2 million.
(3) Debt financing will provide an estimated 80% of the new building
installments.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Critical accounting policies are those policies that require the
application of management's most challenging, subjective or complex judgments,
often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that
are inherently uncertain and may change in subsequent periods. Critical
accounting policies involve judgments and uncertainties that are sufficiently
sensitive to result in materially different results under different assumptions
and conditions. We believe that our most critical accounting policies are those
described below. For a detailed discussion of these and other accounting
policies see our consolidated financial statements.
Revenue recognition
We generate our revenue through shipping activities, which are conducted
primarily through pools. Revenue is generated from each vessel participating in
the pools that we join and is based on either voyage or time charter parties.
The pools determine revenue based on contractually agreed daily rates
concurrently with the duration of the voyage.
We recognize revenue based our distribution from the pools, which is based
on available earning days from each pool partners' vessels in relation to total
available pool earning days and total revenues recognized by the pool.
For cross over voyages (voyage in progress at the end of a reporting
period) there is a risk that the voyage may take longer than estimated. Based on
the contract terms, there may be a lower daily rate for excess days and this
could result in a decreased daily revenue for future periods. The customer will
pay the normally contracted rates for any changes that are a result of
modifications that they request in voyage. Historically, this has not had a
material impact on our revenue.
Port and Bunker Expenses
Voyage expenses, which comprise port expenses and bunker fuel consumption,
are expensed as incurred. The total voyage expense incurred based on an estimate
of at actual expenses. The estimate of actual expenses is based on vessel
statistics regarding bunker consumption, port statistics, captain reports of
payments made and prior experience. Invoices may be received over a period up to
18 months after expenses have been incurred. In the past, we have experienced
immaterial changes in our original estimates.
Dry-dock costs
Our vessels are required to be dry-docked for major repairs and
maintenance, which cannot be performed while the vessels are operating,
approximately every 30 and 60 months depending on the nature of work and
external requirements. The costs associated with the dry-docks are capitalized
upon the completion of the dry-dock and depreciated on a straight-line basis
over the estimated period between docks. Costs capitalized as part of the
dry-dock include actual costs incurred at the dry-dock yard, including marine
paint, cost of hiring crews to effect repairs and parts used in making such
repairs, cost of travel, lodging and supervision of our own personnel and cost
of hiring third party personnel to oversee a dry-dock. As the depreciation
commences on the first day after the vessels has completed the dry-dock, and
invoices are received after that, the total expense of the dry-dock is based on
estimates.
If the actual expenses of a dry-dock differ from the estimated expenses,
the depreciation expense recorded in the following period would change. We have
not historically incurred any material changes in the estimated costs.
Useful Life of Vessels
The useful life of the vessels is assessed periodically based on market
conditions, regulatory requirements and business plans. The estimated useful
life, and any associated estimated salvage value, is the basis for determining
depreciation expense.
Our vessels are depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated
useful lives, which we have estimated to 25 years. We believe that a 25-year
depreciable life is consistent with that used by other comparable shipowners.
Depreciation is based on cost less the estimated residual scrap value. Residual
scrap value is estimated as the lightweight tonnage of each vessel multiplied by
its scrap value per ton.
If the estimate of useful life for vessels is revised or there is a change
in the estimated scrap value, the amount of depreciation expenses recorded each
in future periods will change. In 2001, we changed from an estimated useful life
of our vessels of 20 years to 25 years, resulting in a decrease in depreciation
expense in 2002 of DKK 11 million.
Carrying Values of Vessels
We evaluate the carrying values and periods over which our vessels are
depreciated to determine if events have occurred requiring a modification to
their carrying values or useful lives. The valuation of vessels is reviewed
based on events and changes in circumstances that would indicate that the
carrying value of the assets might not be recovered. In assessing the
recoverability of the vessels, we review certain indicators of potential
impairment, such as sale and purchase prices and general market conditions.
Markets valuations from independent shipbroking companies are obtained to
support the recoverable amounts for the vessels on a semi-annual basis.
The carrying values of our vessels may not represent their fair market
value at any point in time since market prices of second hand vessels tend to
fluctuate with changes in charter rates and the cost of newbuildings. If a
vessel is sold for less than its carrying value, the Company will realize a loss
on that transaction.
If the estimated future cash flows or their related assumptions change in
the future, an impairment of vessels currently recorded may be required. In
2002, we reversed a previously recorded impairment based on the factors
discussed above, which resulted in income of DKK 12 million. There were no
impairments of vessels recorded in 2000 or 2001.
CHANGE IN ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES
We revised our accounting policies as described below due to the enactment
of the new Danish Financial Statements Accounts Act as of January 1, 2002 or
where a change in accounting policy increases the consistency between Danish
GAAP and U.S. GAAP reporting. In accordance with Danish GAAP, the revisions have
been reflected through a restatement of the historical financial results.
Finance leases
Agreements to charter vessels and to lease other property, plant and
equipment, where the Company has substantially all the risks and rewards of
ownership, are recognized in the balance sheet as finance leases. Lease assets
are measured at the present value of future leasing payments at their inception
determined in the agreements including any purchase options. The lease assets
are depreciated and written down under the same accounting policy as the vessels
owned by the Company or over the lease period depending on the lease terms. The
capitalized lease obligation is recognized as a liability in the balance sheet.
Previously, the Company accounted for these agreements as operating leases as
was permitted under the former Danish Annual Accounts Act.
Sale and leaseback transactions
Gains related to sale and lease/back transactions are deferred and
amortized in proportion to the gross rental on the time charter over the life of
the charter party. Previously all such gains were recognized at the date of the
transaction.
Swaps of vessels
Gains related to a swap of ownership in vessels are recognized in the
income statement at the date of the swap transaction, except when the acquired
vessels are similar to the vessels exchanged. Previously, any gain on the swap
of vessels was recorded in the income statement at the date of the swap
transaction, except when the vessels were identical vessels of equivalent age.
The Danish Financial Accounts Statements Act does not specify the treatment of
such transactions and accordingly the Company has chosen to define its
accounting policy so as to be consistent with U.S. GAAP.
Dividends
Dividends are recognized as a liability at the time of declaration at the
annual general meeting. Previously, proposed dividends were recognized in
current liabilities in the fiscal year to which they related.
Own shares
Own shares are recognized directly as part of shareholders' equity at cost.
Upon subsequent disposal of own shares, any consideration is also recognized
directly in shareholders' equity.
Previously, own shares were reflected as an asset and adjusted at market
value through the income statement.
Derivative financial instruments
We use derivative financial instruments to hedge interest, currency and
other risks. Derivative financial instruments are recognized at fair value in
the balance sheet.
For fair value hedges the change in fair value is offset against the change
in fair value of the hedged item. For cash flow hedges the change in fair value
on the contract is recorded as part of shareholders' equity and then transferred
to the income statement concurrently with the hedged item being recognized in
the income statement. The change in fair value on contracts that do not qualify
for hedge accounting is recorded in the income statement at the end of each
period.
Previously, derivative financial instruments were not recognized in the
balance sheet. For fair value hedges, exchange rate adjustments were reflected
in the income statement. For cash flow hedges, no exchange rate adjustments were
reflected until the contract expired.
Financial liabilities
Mortgage debt and bank loans relating to the financing of vessels are
stated in U.S. dollars and translated to DKK at the balance sheet date. As these
are considered hedges of the currency risk relating to the vessels, any
unrealized foreign exchange gains or losses at the balance sheet date are
recognized directly in the shareholders' equity and then transferred to the
income statement when the loan is repaid.
Previously, the mortgage debt and bank loans relating to the financing of
vessels in integrated entities were recorded at the historical exchange rate.
ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES NOT YET ADOPTED
Danish GAAP
Under Danish GAAP and the Danish Financial Statements Accounts Act, the
U.S. dollar may be used as the measurement currency of Danish financial
statements.
As the shipping industry is based on the U.S. dollar, our use of the U.S.
dollar as the measurement currency will reflect the economic conditions of the
Company more accurately and provide a more true and fair view of the Company's
activities.
Thus, we meet the criteria for applying the U.S. dollar as the measurement
currency in accordance with SIC 19 ("Reporting Currency - Measurement and
Presentation of Financial Statements under IAS 21 and IAS 29").
After January 1, 2003, translation from U.S. dollar to DKK is made in
accordance with SIC 30's ("Reporting Currency - Translation from Measurement
Currency to Presentation Currency") directions regarding translation from
measurement currency to presentation currency, which provide:
o that all transactions in the income statement are translated based on
the average DKK exchange rate for the period,
o that assets and liabilities are translated based on the DKK exchange
rate as at the balance sheet date, and
o that all foreign exchange rate gains or losses arising upon
translation from measurement currency to presentation currency are
recognized directly to shareholders' equity
U.S. GAAP
SFAS 143 "Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations"
In June 2001, the FASB issued SFAS 143, Accounting for Asset Retirement
Obligations. SFAS 143 requires that the fair value of a liability for an asset
retirement obligation be recognized in the period in which it is incurred if a
reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. The associated asset retirement
costs are capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the long-lived asset. An
entity shall measure changes in the liability for an asset retirement obligation
due to passage of time by applying an interest method of allocation to the
amount of the liability at the beginning of the period. The interest rate used
to measure that change shall be the credit adjusted risk-free rate that existed
when the liability was initially measured. That amount shall be recognized as an
increase in the carrying amount of the liability as an expense classified as an
operating item in the statement of income. SFAS 143 is effective for fiscal
years beginning after June 15, 2002. The Company does not anticipate that
adoption of SFAS 143 will have a material impact on its results of operations or
its financial position.
SFAS 145 "Rescission of SFAS Nos. 4, 44 and 64, Amendment of SFAS 13, and
Technical Corrections as of April 2002"
In April 2002, the FASB issued Statements of Accounting Standards No. 145,
SFAS 145 rescinds SFAS No. 4, "Reporting Gains and Losses from Extinguishment of
Debt," SFAS 44, "Accounting for Intangible Assets of Motor Carriers," and SFAS
64, "Extinguishments of Debt made to satisfy Sinking-Fund requirements." As a
result, gains and losses from extinguishment of debt will no longer be
classified as extraordinary items unless they meet the criteria of unusual or
infrequent as described in Accounting Principles Boards Opinion 30, "Reporting
the Results of Operations - Reporting the Effects of Disposal of a Segment of a
Business, and Extraordinary, Unusual and Infrequently Occurring Events and
Transactions." In addition, SFAS 145 amends SFAS 13, "Accounting for Leases," to
eliminate an inconsistency between the required accounting for sale-leaseback
transactions and the required accounting for certain lease modifications that
have economic effects that are similar to sale-leaseback transactions. SFAS 145
also amends other existing authoritative pronouncements to make various
technical corrections, clarify meanings, or describe their applicability under
changed conditions. SFAS 145 is effective for fiscal years beginning after May
15, 2002. The Company does not believe that the adoption of SFAS 145 will have a
material impact on its results of operations and financial position.
SFAS 146 "Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities"
In June 2002, the FASB issued Statement of Accounting Standards No. 146,
"Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities". This
Statement addresses financial accounting and reporting for costs associated with
exit or disposal activities and nullifies Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No.
94-3, "Liability Recognition for Certain Employee Termination Benefits and Other
Costs to Exit an Activity (including Certain Costs Incurred in a
Restructuring)". SFAS 146 eliminates the definition and requirements for
recognition of exit costs in EITF 94-3. SFAS 146 requires that a liability for a
cost associated with an exit or disposal activity be recognized when the
liability is incurred. Under EITF 94-3, a liability for an exit cost as defined
in EITF 94-3 was recognized at the date of an entity's commitment to an exit
plan. SFAS 146 also concluded that an entity's commitment to a plan, by itself,
does not create a present obligation to others that meets the definition of a
liability. SFAS 146 also establishes that fair value is the objective for
initial measurement of the liability. The Company does not believe that the
adoption of SFAS 146 will have a material impact on its results of operations
and financial position.
SFAS 148 "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation - Transition and
Disclosure - an amendment of SFAS 123"
In December 2002, FASB issued SFAS 148, "Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation - Transition and Disclosure - an amendment of SFAS 123. SFAS 148
amends SFAS 123 and provides alternative methods for accounting for a change by
registrants to the fair value method of accounting for stock-based compensation.
Additionally, SFAS 148 amends the disclosure requirements of SFAS 123 to require
disclosure in the significant accounting policy footnote of both annual and
interim financial statements of the method of accounting for stock-based
compensation and the related pro-forma disclosures when the intrinsic value
method continues to be used. The statement is effective for fiscal years
beginning after December 15, 2002, and disclosures are effective for the first
fiscal quarter beginning after December 15, 2002. The Company does not intend to
adopt the fair value method of accounting for stock based compensation.
Consequently SFAS 148 will not have an impact on its results of operation and
financial position.
SFAS 149, "Amendment of SFAS 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities
In April 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued
Statement No. 149 (SFAS No. 149), Amendment of SFAS No. 133 on Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities. The Statement amends and clarifies
accounting for derivative instruments, including certain derivative instruments
embedded in other contracts, and for hedging activities under SFAS No. 133. In
particular, it (1) clarifies under what circumstances a contract with an initial
net investment meets the characteristic of a derivative as discussed in SFAS No.
133, (2) clarifies when a derivative contains a financing component, (3) amends
the definition of an underlying to conform it to the language used in FASB
Interpretation No. 45, Guarantor Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for
Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others and (4)
amends certain other existing pronouncements. SFAS No. 149 is effective for
contracts entered into or modified after June 30, 2003, except as stated below
and for hedging relationships designated after June 30, 2003.
The provisions of SFAS No. 149 that relate to SFAS No. 133 Implementation
Issues that have been effective for fiscal quarters that began prior to June 15,
2003, should continue to be applied in accordance with their respective
effective dates. In addition, certain provisions relating to forward purchases
or sales of when-issued securities or other securities that do not yet exist,
should be applied to existing contracts as well as new contracts entered into
after June 30, 2003. SFAS No. 149 should be applied prospectively.
The Company will adopt the provisions of SFAS No. 149 on December 31, 2003.
However, it does not expect that the adoption of this Statement will have a
material impact on its results of operations and financial position.
SFAS 150, "Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with
Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity"
In May 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 150 ("SFAS 150"), Accounting for
Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and
Equity. SFAS 150 modifies the accounting for certain financial instruments that,
under previous guidance, issuers could account for as equity. The Statement
requires that those instruments be classified as liabilities in statements of
financial position. SFAS 150 affects an issuer's accounting for three types of
freestanding financial instruments, namely:
o mandatorily redeemable shares, which the issuing company is obligated
to buy back in exchange for cash or other assets.
o Instruments, other than outstanding shares, that do or may require the
issuer to buy back some of its shares in exchange for cash or other
assets. These instruments include put options and forward purchase
contracts.
o obligations that can be settled with shares, the monetary value of
which is fixed, tied solely or predominantly to a variable such as a
market index, or varies inversely with the value of the issuers'
shares.
SFAS 150 does not apply to features embedded in financial instruments that
are not derivatives in their entirety.
In addition to its requirements for the classification and measurement of
financial instruments within its scope, SFAS 150 also requires disclosures about
alternative ways of settling those instruments and the capital structure of
entities, all of whose shares are mandatorily redeemable.
SFAS 150 is effective for financial instruments entered into or modified
after May 31, 2003, and otherwise is effective at the beginning of the first
interim period beginning after June 15, 2003. It is to be implemented by
reporting the cumulative effect of a change in an accounting principle for
financial instruments created before the issuance date of the Statement and
still existing at the beginning of the interim period of adoption. Restatement
is not permitted.
The Company does not expect that the adoption of SFAS 150 will have a
material impact on its results of operations and financial position.
FIN 45 "Guarantor's Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees,
including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others"
In November 2002, FASB issued Interpretation 45, "Guarantor's Accounting
and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of
Indebtedness of Others". This interpretation requires certain disclosures to be
made by a guarantor in its interim and annual financial statements about its
obligations under certain guarantees that is has issued. It also requires a
guarantor to recognize, at the inception of a guarantee, a liability for the
fair value of the obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee. The Company is
assessing, but at this point do not believe the adoption of the recognition and
initial measurement requirements of FIN 45 will have a material impact on its
financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
FIN 46 "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities"
In January 2003, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 46 - Consolidation
of Variable Interest Entities - an interpretation of ARB No. 51 ("FIN 46"). FIN
46 clarifies the application of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51,
Consolidated Financial Statements, to certain entities in which equity investors
do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not
have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without
additional subordinated financial support from other parties. FIN 46 explains
how to identify variable interests entities and how an enterprise assesses its
interests in a variable interest entity to decide whether to consolidate that
entity. It requires existing unconsolidated variable interest entities to be
consolidated by their primary beneficiaries if the entities do not effectively
disperse risks among parties involved. It also requires certain disclosures by
the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity and by an enterprise that
holds significant variable interests in a variable interest entity where the
enterprise is not the primary beneficiary. FIN 46 is effective immediately to
variable interest entities created after January 31, 2003 and to variable
interest entities in which an enterprise obtains an interest after that date,
and effective for the first fiscal year or interim period beginning after June
15, 2003 to variable interest entities in which an enterprise holds a variable
interest that it acquired before February 1, 2003. FIN 46 requires an entity to
disclose certain information regarding a variable interest entity, if when the
Interpretation becomes effective, it is reasonably possible that an enterprise
will consolidate or have to disclose information about that variable interest
entity, regardless of the date on which the variable entity interest was
created.
ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
A. Directors and senior management
Set forth below are the names, ages and positions of our directors and
executive officers.
Name Age Position
---- --- --------
Board of Directors:
Niels Erik Nielsen 55 Chairman of the Board
Christian Frigast 51 Deputy Chairman of the Board
Lennart Arnold Johan Arrias 54 Director
Ditlev Engel 39 Director
Rex Harrington 69 Director
Peder Mouridsen 53 Director
Gabriel Panayotides 48 Director
Management:
Klaus Kjaerulff 51 Chief Executive Officer
Klaus Nyborg 39 Chief Financial Officer
Biographical information with respect to each of our directors and
executives is set forth below.
Niels Erik Nielsen was Deputy Chairman of our Board of Directors from
September 26, 2000 and has been Chairman of our Board of Directors since April
25, 2002. Mr. Nielsen is also a partner with the Danish law firm, Bech-Bruun
Dragsted, which provides certain legal services to us. He is also the chairman
of the board of directors of several Danish companies, including the following:
Amagerbanken Aktieselskab, Ambu International A/S, Audio Holding A/S, Charles
Christensen A/S, Cimber Air A/S, Danica-Elektronik A/S, Danish Supply
Corporation A/S, Gammelrand Skaervefabrik A/S, GPV Industri A/S, Kongskilde
Industries A/S, Mezzanin Kapital A/S, National Industri A/S, Preben Olsen
Automobiler A/S, Satair A/S and Weibel Scientific A/S. He holds a Masters of Law
degree from the University of Copenhagen.
Christian Frigast has been a director of the Company since September 26,
2000 and Deputy Chairman since April 25, 2002. He is the managing director of
Axcel IndustriInvestor A/S and holds an M.Sc(Econ) from the University of
Copenhagen. He also serves as the Chairman of the Board for numerous companies
including the following: Britannia Invest A/S, Icopal A/S, Kansas Wenaas A/S,
Kilroy Travels International A/S, Laundry Systems Group A/S, L0gst0r R0r A/S,
NetTest A/S, Rationel Vinduer A/S, Royal Scandinavia A/S, Thygesen Textile Group
A/S, Tvilum-Scanbirk A/S and Vest-Wood A/S.
Lennart Arnold Johan Arrias has been a director of the Company since 2003.
Mr. Arrias is employed by TORM as a Captain and has been with the Company since
1992. He is elected by the employees of TORM to the Board.
Ditlev Engel has been a director of the Company since April 25, 2002. Mr.
Engel is Managing Director of Hempel Marine Paints and has a BSc(Econ) and a
B(Comm) degree from the Copenhagen Business School. He is a Board member of the
following other public limited Danish companies and subsidiaries: HSA (Danmark)
A/S and Hempel Contractors A/S.
Rex Harrington, a director of the Company since April 2003, is the former
Director of Shipping at The Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS) where he had
responsibility for its extensive shipping portfolio. He has wide experience in
the shipping industry and in marine finance, starting his career at the Bank of
England after graduating from Oxford University with a Masters degree. He is now
an independent shipping advisor. Mr. Harrington is the Chairman of the Advisory
Board of the Liberian International Ship and Corporate Registry and a
non-executive director of the following companies: General Maritime Corporation
(NYSE listed), Royal Olympic Cruise Line (NASDAQ quoted), Eurofin International
Limited, International Chamber of Commerce Commercial Crime Services, which
incorporates the International Maritime Bureau. In addition he is a Deputy
Chairman of the International Maritime Industries Forum and a member of the
following organizations: InterCargo London Advisory Panel, Lloyds Register of
Shipping General Committee, London Shipping Law Centre Steering Committee and
The Baltic Exchange. He was a Director of Clarksons (international shipbrokers)
from 1995 to 1998 and Lloyds Register of Shipping from 1994 to 1999.
Peder Mouridsen has been a director of the Company since 2003. Mr.
Mouridsen is employed by TORM as a Chief Engineer and has been with the Company
since 1970. He is elected by the employees of TORM to the Board.
Gabriel Panayotides has been a director of the Company since September 26,
2000. He is Chairman (since 1998), President and Chief Executive Officer of
Excel Maritime Carriers Ltd., listed on the American Stock Exchange since
October 1997. Mr. Panayotides has been engaged in the ownership and operation of
ships since 1978 and sits on the Greek Committee of the French classification
society, Bureau Veritas and Lloyds Register of Shipping. He has a Bachelors
degree from the Pireaus University of Economics.
Klaus Kjaerulff has been our Chief Executive Officer and Managing Director
since September 2000. Mr. Kjaerulff has worked for TORM since 1976. From 1997 to
2000, he served as Executive Vice President responsible for our tanker and bulk
divisions. From 1981 to 1997, Mr. Kjaerulff was Vice President of our tanker
division. He is a member of the board of Gram-Agentur A/S, a Danish listed
public limited company.
Klaus Nyborg has been our Chief Financial Officer since February 2002.
Prior to working for us, Mr. Nyborg was employed in various capacities at the
A.P. M0ller Group, most recently as Chief Financial Officer, or CFO, of the
Maersk Logistics division. From 1998 to 2001, he served as Vice President and
Regional CFO at Maersk for the Asia-Mid-East Region. From 1997 to 1998, he was
the Regional CFO for the Europe-Africa Region. From 1992 to 1997, Mr. Nyborg
served as General Manager and Corporate Secretary in the A.P. M0ller Group. Mr.
Nyborg holds a masters degree in Law and Business Economics from the Copenhagen
Business School.
B. Compensation.
In 2002, we paid a total of DKK 1.4 million in cash to the Board of
Directors and DKK 5.2 million in cash to our executives. These totals include
salary payments to our former Chief Financial Officer, Lars Pedersen of DKK 0.6
million, and DKK 0.2 million to resigned members of the Board of Directors. We
have not set aside any amounts to provide pension, retirement or similar
benefits to our directors and executive officers. For a description of our stock
option plan please refer to "option plan." As of December 31, 2002, no options
had been exercised by members of our Board of Directors.
C. Board Practices.
The members of our Board of Directors are elected for four-year terms. At
the end of each term, they are eligible for re-election. All current Board
members were elected at the annual general meeting in 2003 and will be eligible
for re-election in 2007. There are no service contracts between us and any of
our directors providing for benefits upon termination of a director's election.
We do not have separate audit or compensation committees, and the full
Board of Directors currently fulfills the function of an audit committee.
D. Employees.
The numbers of employees we employed, on average, for the previous three
financial years, are as follows:
2000 2001 2002
--- --- ---
Land-based employees
Denmark 91 102 90
United Kingdom 2 1 1
Total 93 103 91
Seafarers (officers) 133 132 160
Total employees 226 235 251
In 2000, approximately 24 of our employees were employed in administrative
positions. That number increased to 26 in 2001 and to 30 in 2002. The majority
of the staff on vessels owned by our subsidiaries and associated companies are
not employed by us.
E. Share ownership
The following table sets forth information as of June 15, 2003, regarding
the total amount of capital stock owned by our officers and directors on an
individual basis:
Shares
Name Position (Nom. Hold.)
---- -------- ------------
Niels Erik Nielsen Chairman of the Board *
Christian Frigast Deputy Chairman of the Board *
Lennart Arnold Johan Arrias Director *
Ditlev Engel Director *
Rex Harrington Director *
Peder Mouridsen Director *
Gabriel Panayotides Director *
Klaus Kjaerulff Chief Executive Officer *
Klaus Nyborg Chief Financial Officer *
* The person beneficially owns less than one percent of the shares.
Option plan
In 2001, we introduced a share option compensation package for twenty of
our Board members, executives and key employees. The plan granted 799,250
options to employees, which will be priced at three different dates, 242,560 in
2001, 278,300 in 2002 and 278,300 in 2003. Option holders may exercise their
options on specified dates and choose to purchase our shares at the strike price
or receive a cash payment consisting of the difference between the option strike
price and the share price, whereas previously, each option gave the right to
acquire one share at the option strike price only. The individual must be
employed at the date of issue to receive that year's options. Each option
carries the right to receive the difference between the strike price and the
price of one common share, par value DKK 10 per share.
The share options for 2001 were priced on February 20, 2001 and the share
options for 2002 were priced on March 20, 2002. For 2003, the share options were
priced on February 27, 2003. The 2001 share options were exercisable at a price
of DKK 54 per share. The 2002 share options are exercisable at a price of DKK
58.50. The 2003 share options are exercisable at a price of DKK 62.31. The share
options may be exercised after a period of one year following the pricing of the
option and expire three years later.
The total number of share options is 799,250, which equals 4% of the share
capital.
Employee shares
During April 2001, the Board of Directors also decided to offer our
employees 200,000 common shares for the price of DKK 10.5 per share. In October
2001, employees exercised the right to purchase 194,235 of these shares. The
market price at the date of the grant was DKK 54.3 per share. The remaining
stock purchase rights expired.
ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS.
A. Major shareholders.
Our capital stock is comprised of common shares, par value DKK 10 per
share. As of December 31, 2002, there were 18.2 million outstanding common
shares. The following table sets forth information regarding the owners of five
(5) percent or more of our common shares as of June 15, 2003. None of the
shareholders have any special voting rights.
Name Number of Shares Percentage of Class
---- ---------------- -------------------
Beltest Shipping Company Ltd. 5,608,300 31%
Exploinvest Ltd. Cyprus 2,906,730 16%
A/S Dampskibsselskabet TORM's
Underst0ttelsesfond, Denmark 1,139,220 6%
Tung Chiaur (Hong Kong) Limited 982,800 5%
Palmerston Associates Inc. 911,820 5%
In 2002 and 2003, Beltest Shipping Company Ltd. purchased 5,608,300, or
30.81%, of our outstanding common shares, of which 28.14% were held by American
Investors Co. Liberia. The holdings exceed 5% of the total number of outstanding
shares, which required each company to file information with the Copenhagen
Stock Exchange. Beltest and its parent, Ryder Holdings Inc, have filed a
Schedule 13D with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC.
Exploinvest has filed a Schedule 13G with the SEC. Tung Chiaur and Palmerston
Associates have both given notices to the Copenhagen Stock Exchange.
B. Related party transactions.
Niels Erik Nielsen, our Chairman of the Board of Directors, is a partner in
the law firm Bech-Bruun Dragsted, a Danish counsel. We hired that firm in
connection with the listing of our ADSs on the NASDAQ and our tender offer for
NORDEN. The law firm's fee in 2002 of DKK 1.6 million is based upon the amount
of time spent by the firm on these matters (DKK 1.5 million in 2001).
Gabriel Panayotides, one of our Directors, has served as the head of
operations of Maryville Maritime Inc. since 1983. Maryville Maritime Inc. had
chartered one vessel to the TORM Panamax bulk carrier pool in the period January
1 to February 22, 2002, after which the vessel was redelivered. In 2001, we
entered into a pooling and commercial management agreement with Maryville
Maritime Inc. in connection with our Panamax bulk carrier vessels.
C. Interests of experts and counsel.
Not applicable.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION.
A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information.
See Item 17.
DIVIDEND DISTRIBUTION POLICY
Under Danish law, we are permitted to distribute dividends from our
unrestricted capital. Any determinations to distribute dividends will be at the
discretion of the Board of Directors, which decision must be approved by the
shareholders at our annual general meeting. For the year 2002, the shareholders
approved a dividend of DKK 2 for every DKK 10 share at the annual general
meeting in 2003.
There are no restrictions in our existing financing arrangements on our
ability to pay dividends to our shareholders. Two of our financing arrangements
may have an effect on our dividend policy, even though they do not directly
impose restrictions on our ability to declare dividends. In the event of certain
substantial changes and subject to fulfillment of other conditions relating to
our financial position, the provisions of some of our loan agreements trigger
the automatic inclusion of additional financial covenants in the form of minimum
value clauses and increases in the interest margin. The loan agreements with
Danish Ship Finance include in their definition of "substantial changes" a
dividend distribution exceeding 40% for two vessels and 25% for four vessels of
our consolidated annual results after extraordinary items and taxes and
distribution of a dividend at a dividend percentage in excess of 12% in a
financial year where we have a loss in our profit and loss account.
B. Significant Changes.
Not Applicable.
ITEM 9. THE OFFER AND LISTING.
A. Listing Details.
Our common shares currently trade on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange. The
tables below sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low closing
sale price in Danish Kroner and the average daily trading volume for our shares
on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange. Although we have provided the average daily
trading volume of our shares for the periods indicated, the trading volume of
our shares on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange is extremely volatile and trading
ranges from a none to several thousand shares.
The average daily trading volume may not be indicative of actual trading
volumes and liquidity. Please see "Risk Factors - There may be no active public
market for you to resell our ADSs." For the previous five full years:
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Low 20.00 18.00 22.47 44.00 46.13
High 52.50 28.87 60.28 62.50 60.41
Average Daily Volume 2,313 3,781 10,186 9,454 11,175
For the previous two full years and subsequent periods, by quarter:
2001 1st quarter 2nd quarter 3rd quarter 4th quarter
---- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Low 52.56 59.04 49.80 44.00
High 59.45 62.50 61.16 50.13
Average Daily Volume 5,807 7,175 11,324 14,072
2002 1st quarter 2nd quarter 3rd quarter 4th quarter
---- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Low 46.13 47.70 46.84 49.10
High 60.41 59.40 59.28 57.61
Average Daily Volume 17,380 16,261 7,685 3,528
For the previous six months:
December January February March April May
2002 2003 2003 2003 2003 2003
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
Low 54.33 57.32 61.00 60.95 65.93 80.03
High 56.53 66.95 64.24 66.82 79.77 90.78
Average Daily Volume 3,010 22,113 8,270 33,095 29,456 33,482
C. Markets.
Our common shares are currently trading on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange.
Our ADSs, each representing one common share, are quoted on the NASDAQ under the
abbreviation "TRMD".
In 2002, the average daily trading volume of our ADSs on the NASDAQ was 227
ADSs, and from Jan 1, 2003 through May 31, 2003, the average daily trading
volume was 4,470 ADSs.
ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
This section summarizes our share capital and the material provisions of
our Articles of Association, including rights of holders of our shares. The
description is only a summary and does not describe everything that our Articles
of Association contain. A copy of our Articles of Association was filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on June 28, 2002, as Exhibit 1.1 to our
annual report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2001. As a foreign
private issuer, we are not subject to the proxy rules applicable to issuers
under Section 14 of the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and our officers,
directors and principal shareholders are not subject to the short-swing profit
disclosure and recovery provisions of Section 16 of that act. We intend to
provide quarterly reports for the first three quarters of each fiscal year to
the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form 6-K containing unaudited
financial and other information that we file with the Copenhagen Stock Exchange.
A. Share capital.
Not Applicable
B. Memorandum and articles of association.
Our Articles of Association provide that our principal objectives are
o to carry out business within shipping, chartering and other transport
services;
o to make investments, including in real estate; and
o to carry on such other business as determined by the Board of
Directors to be consistent with such objectives.
The Rules of Procedure that govern our Board of Directors prohibit a
director from participating in the consideration of business regarding
agreements in which the director is a participant or in which the director has a
material interest. Any agreements between us and a director or between us and a
third party in which a director has an interest must be approved by the Board of
Directors. The Rules of Procedure also provide that a director shall retire at
the first general meeting following the director's 70th birthday.
Our Articles of Association also contain the following provisions:
o our Board of Directors shall receive a fixed stipend, which shall be
set by the Board of Directors and approved by the shareholders during
the annual general meeting;
o any dividend payable to a shareholder which remains unclaimed after
five years shall accrue to us;
o each common share shall have the right to one vote;
o directors are elected for four year terms, after which they are
entitled to be re-elected;
o there are no redemption rights; and
o generally, proposals to amend our Articles of Association or to
dissolve or merge with another company require the approval of at
least 2/3 of all votes cast at a meeting at which 3/5 of the
outstanding share capital is present, unless the resolution was
proposed by the Board of Directors, in which case a simple majority of
the votes cast at a meeting at which a quorum consisting of 1/3 of the
outstanding shares is present is required.
With regard to general and special meetings, the Articles of Association
provide that:
o special meetings can be convened by the Board of Directors and the
auditors at any time on at least eight days notice but cannot be more
than four weeks in advance;
o holders of at least 10% of our share capital can request special
meetings by submitting a written request to the Board of Directors,
which then has 14 days to convene a meeting;
o shareholders desiring to attend the general meeting must obtain an
admission card from us at least four days prior to the meeting;
o admission cards will be issued to registered holders, and holders of
unregistered shares who have obtained a deposit receipt issued by the
depositary bank (or Danish Securities Center) and a written
declaration that the shares will not be transferred until after the
general meeting;
o shares acquired from another shareholder will not have any voting
rights unless the shares are registered or unless the holder has filed
and provided proof of ownership at least one day prior to the
announcement of the general meeting; and
o proposals by shareholders must be submitted in writing to the Board of
Directors before February 15th in order to be considered at the annual
general meeting.
DANISH LAW CONSIDERATIONS
Under Danish law, shareholders are not permitted to approve corporate
matters by written consent in lieu of general or special meetings. All
shareholders have access to corporate records filed by each company with the
Danish Commerce and Companies Agency. These corporate records include the
articles of association and the annual accounts/financial statements. Each
company is also required to keep a share register, but shareholders do not have
access to it.
Danish law permits companies to adopt cumulative voting provisions and
staggered terms for our board of directors, but we have not adopted such
provisions. Danish law also prohibits companies from adopting "poison pill"
measures that could prevent a takeover attempt by discriminating against a
shareholder or a group of shareholders.
C. Material contracts.
The following is a summary of our material contracts. This summary is
qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the actual documents,
which govern the transactions we describe.
CREDIT FACILITY
We have a DKK 42 million revolving credit facility with Danske Bank dated
December 11, 1998. The agreement provides for an interest rate based upon market
rates plus a margin of 0.625% per year on drawdowns.
LOAN AGREEMENTS
The loan agreements are entered into by our wholly owned subsidiaries or
directly by the TORM.
On May 9, 2003, we purchased the vessel TORM Marina from our subsidiary
Bothnia Shipping Corporation and assumed Bothnia Shipping Corporation's
obligations under a certain USD 20 million debt instrument with Danske Bank A/S
as lenders. The outstanding loan was, upon our taking over the debt, USD 2.7
million. The interest rate is variable, based on LIBOR, and a margin of 0.5%. As
security for our obligations under the debt instrument, we have granted to
Danske Bank A/S a first priority mortgage, registered over and against TORM
Marina. The loan is repayable in installments and is due to be repaid in 2005.
On April 9, 2003, we purchased the vessel TORM Tekla from our subsidiary
Tekla Shipping Co. Ltd. and assume Tekla Shipping Co. Ltd's obligations under a
certain USD 9.8 million debt instrument with Danske Bank A/S as lenders. The
outstanding loan was, upon us taking over the debt, USD 9.8 million. The
interest rate is variable, based on LIBOR, and a margin of 1%. As security for
our obligations under the debt instrument, we have granted to Danske Bank A/S a
first priority mortgage, registered over and against TORM Tekla. The loan is
payable in installments and is due to be repaid in 2008.
Alice Product Tanker Corporation entered into a $26.4 million debt
instrument with Danske Bank A/S on November 8, 1994 to assist in the financing
of the vessel TORM Gotland. The interest rate is a variable rate based on LIBOR
and a margin of 1%. This loan is jointly and severally guaranteed by us and our
subsidiary, Alice Product Tankers Corporation, in respect of the original
guarantee by Danske Bank International S.A. in favor of the lender. The loan is
due to be repaid in 2005.
Olga Shipping Corporation entered into a $18.75 million debt instrument
with Danske Bank A/S on October 27, 1995 to assist in the financing of the
vessel Olga. The interest rate is a variable rate based on LIBOR and a margin of
..75%. This loan is jointly and severally guaranteed by us and our subsidiary,
Olga Shipping Corporation, in respect of the original guarantee by Danske Bank
International S.A. in favor of the lender. In addition, Olga Shipping
Corporation issued a first priority mortgage on the vessel Olga in favor of
Danske Bank International S.A. covering the counter guarantee liability. The
loan is due to be repaid in October, 2005.
Gunhild Shipping Corporation entered into a $22.4 million debt instrument
with Danske Bank A/S on November 6, 1998 to assist in the financing of the
vessel TORM Gunhild. The interest rate is a variable rate based on LIBOR and a
margin of .5%. This loan is jointly and severally guaranteed by us and our
subsidiary, Gunhild Shipping Corporation, in respect of the original guarantee
by Danske Bank International S.A. in favor of the lender. In addition, Gunhild
Shipping Corporation issued a first priority mortgage on the vessel TORM Gunhild
in favor of Danske Bank International S.A. covering the counter guarantee
liability. The loan is due to be repaid in 2009.
Anne Product Carriers (PTE) Ltd. entered into a $25.6 million debt
instrument with Danske Bank A/S on August 25, 1998 to assist in the financing of
the vessel TORM Anne. The interest rate is a variable rate based on LIBOR and a
margin of .5%. This loan is jointly and severally guaranteed by us and our
subsidiary, Anne Product Carriers (PTE) Ltd., in respect of the original
guarantee by Danske Bank International S.A. in favor of the lender. In addition,
Anne Product Carriers (PTE) Ltd. issued a first priority mortgage on the vessel
TORM Gunhild in favor of Danske Bank International S.A. covering the counter
guarantee liability. The loan is due to be repaid in 2009.
Eastern Light Shipping Limited entered into a $16.08 million debt
instrument with Danske Bank A/S on November 17, 1995 to assist in the financing
of the vessel TORM Pacific. The interest rate is a variable rate based on LIBOR
and a margin of .75%. This loan is jointly and severally guaranteed by us and
our subsidiary, Eastern Light Shipping Limited, in favor of the lender. In
addition, Eastern Light Shipping Limited, at or about payment of the fourth
advance of the loan, issued a first priority mortgage on the vessel TORM Pacific
in favor of Danske Bank, Hong Kong Branch covering the total amount of the loan.
The loan is due to be repaid in 2007.
Southern Light Shipping Limited entered into a $16.08 million debt
instrument with Danske Bank A/S on November 17, 1995 to assist in the financing
of the vessel TORM Arawa. The interest rate is a variable rate based on LIBOR
and a margin of .75%. This loan is jointly and severally guaranteed by us, TORM
Asia Limited, and our subsidiary, Southern Light Shipping Limited, in favor of
the lender. In addition, Southern Light Shipping Limited, at or about payment of
the fourth advance of the loan, issued a first priority mortgage on the vessel
TORM Arawa in favor of Danske Bank, Copenhagen covering the total amount of the
loan. The loan is due to be repaid in 2007.
Caseros Shipping Limited entered into a $22.0 million debt instrument with
Christiania Bank og Kreditkasse on June 19, 1994 to assist in the financing of
the vessel TORM Asia. The interest rate is a variable rate based on the prime
rate in the Singapore interbank eurocurrency market and a margin of 1.25%. In
addition, Caseros Shipping Limited executed a first preferred Liberian mortgage
over the vessel TORM Asia as well as a collateral deed of assignment of the
Earnings and the Insurances of the vessel. The loan is due to be repaid in 2004.
Hermia Shipping Corporation entered into two separate loan agreements
totaling $28.2 million with Danske Bank A/S to finance the purchase of the
vessel TORM Helene. The first agreement, dated June 14, 1996, has a variable
interest rate of LIBOR and a margin of .75%. The second agreement, dated August
29, 2001, has a variable interest rate of LIBOR and a margin of .75%. These
loans are jointly and severally guaranteed by us and our subsidiary, Hermia
Shipping Corporation, in favor of the lender. These loan are due to be repaid in
2007.
Hilde Shipping Corp. entered into a $5.985 million debt instrument with
Danske Bank A/S on July 3, 2000 to assist in the financing of the vessel
Kirsten. The interest rate is a variable rate based on LIBOR and a margin of 1%.
We have issued a guarantee in respect of this loan in favor of Danske Bank
Aktieselskab and remain primarily liable as guarantor. In addition, Hilde
Shipping Corp. issued a first priority ship mortgage and a Deed of Covenants in
respect of Kirsten. The loan is due to be repaid in 2007.
Estrid Shipping Corporation entered into a $22.3 million loan agreement
with Danish Shipfinance on November 6, 2001 to assist in the financing of the
vessel TORM Mary. The interest rate is a variable rate based upon LIBOR and a
margin of .7%. We have issued a guarantee in respect of this loan in favor of
the lender. The loan is due to be repaid in 2012.
Ragnhild Shipping Corporation entered into a $22.3 million loan agreement
with Danish Shipfinance on November 6, 2001 to assist in the financing of the
vessel TORM Mary. The interest rate is a variable rate based upon LIBOR and a
margin of .7%. We have issued a guarantee in respect of this loan in favor of
the lender. The loan is due to be repaid in 2012.
Gerd Shipping Corporation entered into a $22.6 million loan agreement with
Commerzbank Aktiengesellschaft on December 3, 2002 to assist in the financing of
the vessel TORM Gerd. The interest rate is a variable rate based upon LIBOR and
a margin of .95%. We have issued a guarantee in respect of this loan in favor of
the lender. The loan is due to be repaid in 2012.
Gertrud Shipping Corporation entered into a $22.6 million loan agreement
with Commerzbank Aktiengesellschaft on December 3, 2002 to assist in the
financing of the vessel TORM Gertrud. The interest rate is a variable rate based
upon LIBOR and a margin of .95%. We have issued a guarantee in respect of this
loan in favor of the lender. The loan is due to be repaid in 2012.
Thyra Shipping Corporation entered into a $22.8 million loan agreement with
Danish Shipfinance on August 30, 2002 to assist in the financing of the vessel
TORM Thyra. The interest rate is a variable rate based upon LIBOR and a margin
of .8%. We have issued a guarantee in respect of this loan in favor of the
lender. The loan is due to be repaid in 2013.
Freya Shipping Corporation entered into a $22.8 million loan agreement with
Danish Shipfinance on August 30, 2002 to assist in the financing of the vessel
TORM Freya. The interest rate is a variable rate based upon LIBOR and a margin
of .8%. We have issued a guarantee in respect of this loan in favor of the
lender. The loan is due to be repaid in 2013.
Valborg Shipping Corporation entered into a $35.2 million loan agreement
with Danish Shipfinance on March 19, 2003 to assist in the financing of a 99,900
dwt product tanker currently under construction. The interest rate is a variable
rate based upon LIBOR and a margin of .8%. We have issued a guarantee in respect
of this loan in favor of the lender. The loan is due to be repaid in 2013.
Ingeborg Shipping Corporation entered into a $35.2 million loan agreement
with Danish Shipfinance on March 19, 2003 to assist in the financing of a 99,900
dwt product tanker currently under construction. The interest rate is a variable
rate based upon LIBOR and a margin of .8%. We have issued a guarantee in respect
of this loan in favor of the lender. The loan is due to be repaid in 2013.
NEWBUILDING CONTRACTS
We entered into two contracts with Samho Heavy Industries Co., Ltd., each
for the construction of a 99,000 dwt product tanker. These contracts were
executed on November 24, 2000. The contracts provide for stage payments of 10%
in advance, 10% following the execution of the contract, 20% during
construction, and 60% upon delivery of the vessel. The tankers are scheduled to
be delivered at the end of October and November 2003.
We reached agreements with Danish Shipfinance to finance 80% of the
construction price for the two Samho vessels. We have already paid 30% of the
purchase price for each of the vessels as required by the shipbuilding contracts
of which 20% is self financed and 10% are financed through Danish Shipfinance.
We also entered into two contracts with Hyundai Heavy Industries Co., Ltd.,
each for the construction of a 75,000 dwt product tanker. These contracts were
executed on May 23 and May 31, 2002. The contracts provide for stage payments of
10% in advance, 10% following execution of the contract, 20% during
construction, and 60% upon delivery of the vessel. The tankers are set to be
delivered at the end of January and July 2004.
On the two Hyundai vessels we have already paid 20% and 30% respectively of
the purchase price for each of the vessels as required by the shipbuilding
contracts. We are in the process of finalizing the documentation for the loans
on these vessels. The terms of the loans are expected to be generally similar to
the loans obtained on the previous 10 newbuildings contracted between 2000 and
2001 and the two Samho vessels mentioned above.
D. Exchange controls.
Under Danish law, dividends paid in respect of shares are subject to Danish
withholding tax at the rate of 28%. This tax applies to both Danish residents
and non-residents.
E. Taxation.
The following discussion is a summary of the material Danish and U.S.
federal income tax considerations relevant to an investment decision by a U.S.
Holder and a Non-U.S. Holder, as defined below, in our American Depositary
Shares, or ADSs, as evidenced by American Depositary Receipts, or ADRs. This
discussion does not purport to deal with the tax consequences of owning ADSs to
all categories of investors, some of which, such as dealers in securities and
investors whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar, may be subject to
special rules. You should consult your own tax advisors concerning the overall
tax consequences arising in your own particular situation under U.S. federal,
state, local or foreign law of the ownership of ADSs.
DANISH TAX CONSIDERATIONS
Under Danish law, dividends paid in respect of shares are subject to Danish
withholding tax at the rate of 28%, without regard to the residency of the
shareholders. Non-residents of Denmark do not have to pay additional Danish
income tax on the dividends, unless their shares are held in connection with a
trade or business conducted from a permanent establishment in Denmark.
Non-resident shareholders may be eligible for a refund of part of the
withholding tax where the shareholders are entitled to, and comply with
procedures for claiming benefits under an income tax convention. Eligible
shareholders who comply with certain certification procedures may claim a refund
from the Danish tax authorities, which will reduce the effective withholding tax
rate, normally to 15%. The claim for a refund must be certified by the holder's
local tax authorities on forms prepared by the Danish tax authorities, which are
then submitted to the Danish tax authorities.
No withholding tax is levied on dividends paid to a corporation which holds
at least 20% of a company's shares, provided that the shareholder company (i)
has held those shares for a minimum of one year during the time in which the
dividends were paid and (ii) is a resident in another European Union country or
in a country with which Denmark has entered into a taxation treaty which
eliminates or reduces the withholding tax on dividends.
Under the current income tax convention between Denmark and the United
States, dividends on shares beneficially-owned by U.S. holders who are eligible
for treaty benefits are subject to an effective Danish withholding tax at the
rate of 15%. The withholding tax rate is reduced to 5% if the beneficial owner
of the dividends is a U.S. company, which holds directly at least 10% of the
share capital of the company paying the dividends.
Denmark has entered into tax conventions reducing the withholding tax to
the applicable convention rate for individual residents of the United States,
Canada, Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg, Norway, Sweden, Ireland, Switzerland,
Greece and the United Kingdom. The regime does not entitle the investor to a
lower withholding tax rate than the rate applicable according to the double
taxation treaty, but reduces the withholding tax rate from the normal rate of
28% to the withholding tax rate that applies according to the relevant double
taxation treaty.
In order to receive benefits under the regime mentioned in the preceding
paragraph, a U.S. investor must deposit his shares with a Danish bank. An
agreement on the deposit of shares must be made with the Danish bank in
question.
Further, the U.S. investor must obtain a certificate of residential address
and tax liability from the tax authorities in the U.S. and file it with the
Danish account holding bank through which the U.S. investor holds his shares.
U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
In the opinion of Seward & Kissel LLP, our U.S. counsel, the following are
the material U.S. federal income tax consequences to us and to U.S. Holders and
Non-U.S. Holders, as defined below, regarding our ADSs. The following discussion
of U.S. federal income tax matters is based on the Internal Revenue Code of
1986, as amended, which we refer to as the "Code", judicial decisions,
administrative pronouncements, and existing and proposed regulations issued by
the U.S. Department of the Treasury, all as they exist on the date hereof and
all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. In
addition, the discussion is based, in part, on the description of our business
as described above and assumes that we conduct our business as described in that
section.
References in the following discussion to "we", "us" and "our" are to A/S
Dampskibsselskabet Torm ("TORM") and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis.
For purposes of the discussion below, the U.S. Holders and Non-U.S. Holders of
ADSs generally will be treated as the owners of the common stock of TORM
represented by the ADSs. In the following discussion, the United States Internal
Revenue Service is referred to as the "IRS".
United States Taxation Of Our Company
We anticipate that substantially all of our gross income will be derived
from the use and operation of vessels in international commerce and that this
income will principally consist of freights from the transportation of cargoes,
hire or lease income from voyage, time or bareboat charters and the performance
of services directly related thereto, which we refer to as "shipping income".
Unless exempt from U.S. taxation under Section 883 of the Code or under Article
8 of the United States-Denmark Income Tax Treaty, we will be subject to U.S.
federal income taxation, in the manner discussed below, to the extent our
shipping income is considered for U.S. federal income tax purposes to be derived
from sources within the United States.
Shipping income that is attributable to transportation that begins or ends,
but that does not both begin and end, in the United States will be considered
for such tax purposes to be 50% derived from sources within the United States.
Shipping income attributable to transportation that both begins and ends in the
United States will be considered to be 100% derived from sources within the
United States. We do not engage in transportation that gives rise to 100% U.S.
source income.
Shipping income attributable to transportation exclusively between non-U.S.
ports will be considered to be 100% derived from sources outside the United
States. Shipping income derived from sources outside the United States will not
be subject to any U.S. federal income tax.
Code Section 883 Exemption
TORM and each subsidiary that derives U.S. source shipping income will
qualify for exemption from U.S. federal income tax under Section 883 in respect
of such shipping income if, in relevant part:
o TORM and each subsidiary is organized in a qualified foreign country
which is one that grants an equivalent exemption from tax to
corporations organized in the United States in respect of the shipping
income for which exemption is being claimed under Section 883, which
we refer to as the "country of organization requirement"; and
o more than 50% of the value of the stock of TORM and each subsidiary is
treated as owned, directly or indirectly, by individuals who are
"residents" of qualified foreign countries, which we refer to as the
"ownership requirement".
Since the U.S. Treasury Department has recognized Denmark, the country of
incorporation of TORM, and each of the countries of incorporation of TORM's
subsidiaries as a qualified foreign country in respect of the shipping income
for which exemption is being claimed under Section 883, TORM and each subsidiary
satisfy the country of organization requirement.
In respect of the ownership requirement, Section 883 provides a special
publicly-traded rule applicable to both TORM and its subsidiaries. In the case
of TORM, it will be exempted from having to satisfy the ownership requirement if
its stock is considered to be "primarily and regularly traded on an established
securities market" located in its country of organization, Denmark, in another
qualified foreign country or in the United States, which we refer to as the
"publicly-traded test". Furthermore, if TORM satisfies the publicly-traded test,
the stock of TORM's subsidiaries will be deemed to be owned by individual
residents of Denmark and each of the subsidiaries will satisfy the ownership
requirement.
Proposed regulations interpreting Section 883 were promulgated by the U.S.
Treasury Department in August of 2002, which we refer to as the "proposed
regulations." These regulations superseded and replaced in their entirety the
regulations interpreting Section 883 as initially proposed that were promulgated
by the U.S. Treasury Department in February of 2000.
The proposed regulations will apply to taxable years ending thirty days or
more after the date the regulations are published as final regulations in the
Federal Register. As a result, such regulations will not be effective for
calendar year taxpayers like ourselves until that calendar year 2004 at the
earliest. At this time, it is unclear when the proposed regulations will be
finalized and whether they will be finalized in their present form.
The proposed regulations provide, in pertinent part, that stock of a
foreign corporation will be considered to be "primarily traded" on an
established securities market if the number of shares that are traded during any
taxable year on that market exceeds the number of shares traded during that year
on any other established securities market.
At present, the sole class of TORM's stock that is issued and outstanding
is its common stock, which is listed on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange, an
established securities market in Denmark. TORM's common stock as represented by
its ADSs (each representing one share of common stock) is also listed on the
NASDAQ National Market (NASDAQ), which is an established securities market in
the United States. However, since TORM's common stock as represented by ADSs
began trading on the NASDAQ on April 17, 2002, the trading activity has
represented less than 1% of the common shares traded on the Copenhagen Stock
Exchange. For the foreseeable future, TORM has no reason to expect that more
common shares will not continue to be traded on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange
than on the NASDAQ and therefore, the analysis below proceeds on the premise
that its common shares are "primarily traded" on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange.
The proposed regulations further provide that stock will be considered to
be "regularly traded" on a securities market if:
o stock representing more than 50% of the issuer's outstanding shares,
by voting power and value, is listed on such market, which we refer to
as the "50% listing threshold";
o with respect to the class of stock relied on to satisfy the 50%
listing threshold:
o such class of stock is traded on such market, other than in
de minimis quantities, on at least 60 days during the
taxable year, which we refer to as the "trading frequency
threshold"; and
o the aggregate number of shares of such class of stock traded
on such market is at least 10% of the average number of
shares of such class of stock outstanding during such year,
which we refer to as the "trading volume threshold".
TORM currently satisfies the 50% listing threshold in respect of the
Copenhagen Stock Exchange.
TORM's common stock is currently traded with such frequency and volume on
the Copenhagen Stock Exchange that it satisfies the trading frequency and
trading volume thresholds. TORM has no reason to believe that this will not
continue to be the case notwithstanding the ADS listing on the NASDAQ.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the proposed regulations provide, in
pertinent part, that TORM's common stock will not be considered to be regularly
traded on an established securities market for any taxable year in which 50% or
more of the outstanding shares of such stock are owned, within the meaning of
the regulations, on any time during such taxable year by persons who each own 5%
or more of the value of the outstanding shares of such stock, which we refer to
as the "5% override rule".
In the event the 5% override rule is triggered based on its "at any time
during the year" standard, the proposed regulations provide that the 5% override
rule will not apply for such year if we can establish that among the
closely-held group of 5% shareholders, which we refer to as the "5% Closely-Held
Group", there are sufficient 5% shareholders that are considered to be qualified
shareholders for purposes of Section 883 to preclude non-qualified 5%
shareholders in the 5% closely-held group from owning 50% or more of our stock
for more than half the number of days during such year, which we refer to as the
"5% Closely-Held Group Exception".
Based on its shareholdings during 2002, TORM would not be subject to the 5%
override rule and thus, both TORM and its subsidiaries would qualify for
exemption under Section 883 for 2002. However, based on its current
shareholdings, TORM would be subject to the 5% override rule and TORM's ability
to satisfy the 5% Closely-Held Group Exception could prove to be problematic. If
TORM were denied the benefit of the special publicly traded rule, we believe
that TORM and its subsidiaries satisfy the ownership requirement in accordance
with the proposed regulations as currently drafted.
Until final regulations interpreting Section 883 are promulgated and come
into force, however, we intend to take the position that TORM satisfies the
publicly-traded test and as such, we and our subsidiaries are entitled to
exemption from U.S. federal income tax under Section 883 in respect of our U.S.
source shipping income.
The United States-Denmark Income Tax Treaty Exemption
Without regard to Section 883, we believe that TORM and its Danish
subsidiaries would qualify for exemption from U.S. federal income tax under
Article 8 of the United States-Denmark Income Tax Treaty, which we refer to as
the "Treaty".
Article 8 exempts from U.S. federal income tax the profits of a Danish
corporation derived from the operation of ships in international traffic. As
defined, profits from the "operation of ships" include profits derived from (i)
time or voyage charters, (ii) the inland transport of property within the United
States undertaken as part of international traffic, (iii) bareboat charters if
the lessee operates the vessel in international traffic and (iv) the use,
maintenance or rental of containers used in international traffic. All of the
U.S. source shipping income of TORM and its subsidiaries falls within the scope
of the exemption provided by Article 8.
The Treaty conditions the eligibility of TORM and its Danish subsidiaries
to claim exemption under Article 8 upon TORM and its subsidiaries satisfying one
or more of the "treaty shopping" provisions of Article 22 (Limitation Of
Benefits) of the Treaty which includes, inter alia, a special publicly-traded
rule.
The publicly-traded rule provides that a Danish corporation such as TORM,
as well as its wholly-owned Danish subsidiaries, will be entitled to the
benefits of the Treaty if all of TORM's shares in the class or classes of stock
representing more than 50 percent of the vote and value of its stock, which we
refer to as the "50% vote/value test", are listed on a "recognized stock
exchange" and are "substantially and regularly traded" on one or more recognized
stock exchanges, which we refer to as the "substantially and regularly traded
test". The term "recognized stock exchange" includes the Copenhagen Stock
Exchange and the NASDAQ. The shares in a class of stock are considered to be
"substantially and regularly traded" if (i) trades in such class are effected on
one or more recognized stock exchanges other than in de minimis quantities
during every quarter, and (ii) the aggregate number of shares of that class
traded during the previous taxable year is at least six (6) percent of the
average number of shares outstanding in that class during that taxable year.
TORM's common stock is currently listed on a recognized stock exchange
within the meaning of the Treaty (the Copenhagen Stock Exchange). Since the
common stock is TORM's sole class of stock, the 50% vote/value test is
satisfied. Based on their recent trading history on the Copenhagen Stock
Exchange over the past two years, the common shares of TORM also satisfy the
substantially and regularly traded test of the Treaty. Although we cannot give
any assurances, we have every expectation that the trading volume and trading
frequency of TORM's common shares on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange will continue
to match or exceed the recent trading history of TORM's common shares on the
Copenhagen Stock Exchange.
Taxation in Absence of Internal Revenue Code Section 883 Exemption or Treaty
Exemption
4% Gross Basis Tax Regime. To the extent the benefits of Section 883 or the
Treaty are unavailable, the U.S. source shipping income of TORM and its
subsidiaries which is not considered to be "effectively connected" with the
conduct of a U.S. trade or business as discussed below, would be subject to a 4%
tax imposed by Section 887 of the Code on a gross basis, without benefit of
deductions. Since under the sourcing rules described above, no more than 50% of
our shipping income would be treated as derived from U.S. sources, the maximum
effective rate of U.S. federal income tax on our shipping income would never
exceed 2% under the 4% gross basis tax regime.
Net Basis and Branch Tax Regime. To the extent the benefits of the Section
883 exemption or the Treaty are unavailable and the U.S. source shipping income
of TORM and its subsidiaries are considered to be "effectively connected" with
the conduct of a U.S. trade or business, as discussed below, any such
"effectively connected" U.S. source shipping income, net of applicable
deductions, would be subject to the U.S. federal corporate income tax currently
imposed at graduated rates of up to 35%. In addition, TORM and its subsidiaries
may be subject to the 30% "branch-level" taxes (or such lesser tax as provided
by an applicable income tax treaty) on earnings effectively connected with the
conduct of such trade or business, as determined after allowance for certain
adjustments, and on certain interest paid or deemed paid attributable to the
conduct of their U.S. trade or business.
The U.S. source shipping income of TORM or any subsidiary will be
considered "effectively connected" with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business
only if:
o TORM or such subsidiary has, or is considered to have, a fixed place
of business in the United States involved in the earning of shipping
income; and
o substantially all of the U.S. source shipping income of TORM or such
subsidiary is attributable to regularly scheduled transportation, such
as the operation of a vessel that follows a published schedule with
repeated sailings at regular intervals between the same points for
voyages that begin or end in the United States.
We do not intend to have, or permit circumstances that would result in
having, substantially all of the U.S. source shipping income of TORM or its
subsidiaries attributable to regularly scheduled transportation. Based on the
foregoing and on the expected mode of our shipping operations, we believe that
none of the U.S. source shipping income of TORM or any subsidiary will be
"effectively connected" with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business.
Gain on Sale of Vessels. To the extent any of our vessels makes more than
an occasional voyage to U.S. ports, TORM or its subsidiaries may be considered
for United States federal income tax purposes to be engaged in the conduct of a
United States trade or business. As a result, except to the extent the gain on
the sale of a vessel is incidental to the Shipping Income of TORM or its
subsidiaries that is exempt under either Section 883 or the Treaty, any U.S.
source gain derived by TORM or its subsidiaries on the sale of a vessel may be
partly or wholly subject to United States federal income tax as "effectively
connected" income (determined under rules different from those discussed above)
under the net basis and branch tax regime described above. However, we intend to
structure sales of our vessels in such a manner, including effecting the sale
and delivery of vessels outside of the United States, as to not give rise to
U.S. source gain.
Taxation of U.S. Holders
As used herein, the term "U.S. Holder" means a beneficial owner of an ADS
that (i) is a U.S. citizen or resident, a United States corporation or other
United States entity taxable as a corporation, an estate, the income of which is
subject to United States federal income taxation regardless of its source, or a
trust if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary
jurisdiction over the administration of the trust and one or more U.S. persons
have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust and (ii)
owns the ADSs as a capital asset, generally, for investment purposes.
If a partnership holds our ADSs, the tax treatment of a partner will
generally depend upon the status of the partner and upon the activities of the
partnership. If you are a partner in a partnership holding our ADSs, you should
consult your own tax advisor on this issue.
Distributions. Any distributions made by the ADS depositary agent, or
depositary, with respect to our ADSs to a U.S. Holder will generally constitute
dividends to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as
determined under U.S. federal income tax principles.
Dividends paid with respect to our ADSs to a non-corporate U.S. Holder (a
"U.S. Individual Holder") may be eligible for preferential tax rates (through
2008) under recently enacted legislation provided that (1) we are a "qualified
foreign corporation" and (2) the U.S. Individual Holder has owned our stock for
more than 60 days in the 120-day period beginning 60 days before the date on
which our stock becomes ex-dividend. The preferential tax rates do not apply to
U.S. Holders that are not individuals.
We will be treated as a "qualified foreign corporation" if either (1) our
ADSs are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United
States or (2) we are eligible for the benefits of a satisfactory (in the
judgment of the U.S. Treasury Secretary) comprehensive income tax treaty between
the United States and a foreign country which includes an exchange of
information program.
Although no guidance has been issued by the IRS defining when the ADSs of a
foreign corporation will be treated as readily tradable on an established
securities market in the United States for this purpose, we believe that our
ADSs should so qualify. Alternatively, as discussed above, we are eligible for
the benefits of the Treaty and believe that the Treaty should qualify as a
satisfactory for this purpose although there is no assurance that the Treasury
Secretary will agree. Therefore, although it is not entirely free from doubt, we
believe that any dividends paid by us on our ADSs should be eligible for these
preferential rates in the hands of a U.S. Individual Holder. However, certain
limitations may apply to any "extraordinary dividends" paid by us. Any dividends
paid by us which are not eligible for these preferential rates will be taxed as
ordinary income to a U.S. Holder.
Distributions in excess of our earnings and profits will be treated first
as a non-taxable return of capital to the extent of the U.S. Holder's tax basis
in his ADSs on a dollar for dollar basis and thereafter as capital gain. Because
we are not a U.S. corporation, U.S. Holders that are corporations will not be
entitled to claim a dividend received deduction with respect to any
distributions they receive from us. Dividends paid with respect to the
underlying common stock of each ADS will generally be treated as "passive
income" or, in the case of certain types of U.S. Holders, "financial services
income", for purposes of computing allowable foreign tax credits for U.S.
foreign tax credit purposes.
Sale, Exchange or other Disposition of ADSs. A U.S. Holder generally will
recognize taxable gain or loss upon a sale, exchange or other disposition of our
ADSs in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized by the
U.S. Holder from such sale, exchange or other disposition and the U.S. Holder's
tax basis in the ADSs. Such gain or loss will be treated as long-term capital
gain or loss if the U.S. Holder's holding period in the ADSs is greater than one
year at the time of the sale, exchange or other disposition. Such capital gain
or loss will generally be treated as U.S.-source income or loss, as applicable,
for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes. A U.S. Holder's ability to deduct capital
losses is subject to certain limitations.
U.S. Taxation of "Non-U.S. holders"
A beneficial owner of an ADS that is not a U.S. Holder is referred to
herein as a "Non-U.S. Holder."
Distributions. Non-U.S. Holders generally will not be subject to U.S.
federal income tax or withholding tax on dividends received from us with respect
to our common stock, unless the dividends are effectively connected with the
Non-U.S. Holder's conduct of a trade or business in the United States or, if the
Non-U.S. Holder is entitled to the benefits of an income tax treaty with respect
to those dividends, those dividends are attributable to a permanent
establishment maintained by the Non-U.S. Holder in the United States.
Sale, Exchange or Other Disposition of ADSs. Non-U.S. Holders generally
will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax or withholding tax on any gain
realized upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of our ADSs unless: (i)
the gain is effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder's conduct of a trade
or business in the United States or, if the Non-U.S. Holder is entitled to the
benefits of an income tax treaty with respect to that gain, that gain is
attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the Non-U.S. Holder in
the United States; or (ii) the Non-U.S. Holder is an individual who is present
in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year of disposition
and other conditions are met.
If the Non-U.S. Holder is engaged in a U.S. trade or business for U.S.
federal income tax purposes, the income from the ADSs, including dividends on
the underlying common stock and the gain from the sale, exchange or other
disposition of such stock that is effectively connected with the conduct of that
trade or business, will generally be subject to regular U.S. federal income tax
in the same manner as discussed in the previous section relating to the taxation
of U.S. Holders. In addition, if you are a corporate Non-U.S. Holder, your
earnings and profits that are attributable to the effectively connected income,
which are subject to certain adjustments, may be subject to an additional branch
profits tax at a rate of 30%, or at a lower rate specified by an applicable
income tax treaty.
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
In general, dividend payments, or other taxable distributions, made within
the United States to you will be subject to information reporting requirements
and "backup withholding" if you are a non-corporate U.S. Holder and you:
o fail to provide an accurate taxpayer identification number;
o are notified by the Internal Revenue Service that you have failed to
report all interest or dividends required to be shown on your federal
income tax returns; or
o in certain circumstances, fail to comply with applicable certification
requirements.
Non-U.S. Holders may be required to establish their exemption from
information reporting and backup withholding by certifying their status on IRS
Form W-8BEN.
If you sell your ADSs to or through a U.S. office or broker, the payment of
the proceeds is subject to both U.S. backup withholding and information
reporting unless you certify that you are a non-U.S. person, under penalties of
perjury, or you otherwise establish an exemption. If you sell your ADSs through
a non-U.S. office of a non-U.S. broker and the sales proceeds are paid to you
outside the United States then information reporting and backup withholding
generally will not apply to that payment. However, U.S. information reporting
requirements, but not backup withholding, will apply to a payment of sales
proceeds, including a payment made to you outside the United States, if you sell
your ADSs through a non-U.S. office of a broker that is a U.S. person or has
some other contacts with the United States.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Rather, you generally may
obtain a refund of any amounts withheld under backup withholding rules that
exceed your income tax liability by filing a refund claim with the U.S. Internal
Revenue Service.
Danish Tonnage Taxation Scheme
On February 6, 2002, the Danish Government proposed a bill regarding
Tonnage Taxation, which was enacted on April 18, 2002. According to the new
Tonnage Taxation Act, taxable income will no longer be calculated as the
difference between taxable income and deductible expenses as under the normal
corporate taxation. Instead, taxable income is calculated with reference to the
tonnage used by the Company during the year. The legislation was implemented
retroactively from January 1, 2001 and in connection with the submission of tax
return for 2001 the Company decided to enter the tonnage taxation scheme with
effect from January 1, 2001.
The election is binding for a ten-year period and, accordingly, TORM will
be covered by the tonnage tax system until 2010.
Taxable income under the tonnage tax system is calculated using fixed rates
per 100 net tons per day for the vessels. When calculating taxable income
according to the tonnage tax system, no deductions or depreciation charges are
allowed.
Activities in relation to management of pools of vessels owned by other
shipping companies cannot be taxed according to the tonnage tax system, but will
be taxed in accordance with the ordinary Danish corporate tax legislation.
Special rules apply in relation to the treatment of financial income/expenses.
The taxable income for a Company for a given period is calculated as the
sum of the taxable income under the tonnage tax system and the taxable income
made up in accordance with to the ordinary Danish corporate tax system. The
taxable income is taxed at the normal corporate tax rate (presently 30 %). The
taxable income may be offset by tax losses carried forward following the normal
Danish Tax rules.
Capital gains in connection with the sale of vessels - calculated for each
vessel as the difference between the sales price and the acquisition price plus
expenses incurred for improvement of the vessel - are taxed in accordance with
the normal tax legislation.
Generally, recaptured depreciation should be taken into income. However,
such taxation may be deferred if new vessels are contracted within certain time
limits.
In this respect, when converting to the tonnage tax system, the existing
vessels are transferred to a transition account at their tax value. Any costs
relating to improvements of these vessels are added to this account. Vessels
acquired after transferring (January 1, 2001) to the tonnage tax system are
booked on a special netting account. Costs relating to improvement of these
vessels are added to the netting account. If a vessel is sold, the smaller
amount of the sales price and the actual acquisition price plus expenses for
improvements shall reduce the transition account (if the ships were acquired
prior to entering the tonnage tax system) or netting account (if the ships were
acquired after entering the tonnage tax system).
The transition and netting accounts are reduced annually by a depreciation
rate of 12 %. If the transition account is negative and at the same time the
netting account is positive, the reduction is made on the basis of the net
amount.
If the shipping company's transition account becomes negative, the negative
amount shall be included in the taxable income unless the negative amount is
fully or partially neutralized by a positive amount on the netting account plus
contracted newbuild tonnage which shall be delivered within maximum three years.
In accordance with Danish accounting principles, the provision for deferred
tax that existed at the date of enactment, DKK 360 million, has been released to
income in 2002, which is also in accordance with shipping industry practice in
Denmark. The Company has paid no tonnage tax in 2001 and 2002 due to tax losses
carried forward.
The tonnage tax legislation is new, and the guidance from the authorities
is not detailed in every aspect. Accordingly, in connection with the preparation
of our tax returns for 2001, we made interpretations of the new tonnage tax
legislation that we believe are defensible, but may be challenged by the tax
authorities.
F. Dividends and paying agents.
Not Applicable.
G. Statement by experts.
Not Applicable.
H. Documents on display.
We are subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended. In accordance with these requirements we file reports
and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These
materials, including this annual report and the accompanying exhibits, may be
inspected and copied at the public reference facilities maintained by the
Securities and Exchange Commission at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Room 1024,
Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain information on the operation of the
public reference room by calling 1 (800) SEC-0330, and you may obtain copies at
prescribed rates from the Public Reference Section of the Securities and
Exchange Commission at its principal office in Washington, D.C. 20549. The
Securities and Exchange Commission maintains a website (http://www.sec.gov) that
contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information that we
and other registrants have filed electronically with the Securities and Exchange
Commission. In addition, documents referred to in this annual report may be
inspected at our headquarters at Marina Park, 10 Sundkrogsgade, DK-2100
Copenhagen 0, Denmark.
I. Subsidiary Information
Not Applicable.
ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are exposed to market risk from foreign currency fluctuations, changes
in interest rates and changes in the prices of fuel oil. We enter into financial
instruments to manage these risks, but do not use financial instruments for
trading or speculative purposes. The sensitivity analyses presented do not
consider the effects that such adverse change may have on overall economic
activity, nor do they consider additional actions management may take to
mitigate its exposure to such changes. Actual results may differ.
Foreign Exchange Rate Risk.
Our operations are primarily denominated in U.S. dollars while our
reporting currency is the Danish Kroner. Virtually all of our revenues and most
of our operating costs are denominated in U.S. dollars. A hypothetical 1%
weakening of the U.S. dollar would have resulted in a decrease in earnings from
shipping activities of DKK 5 million for the year ended December 31, 2002 (DKK 7
million as of December 31, 2001). We have DKK 2,345 million of outstanding
indebtedness at December 31, 2002 that is repayable in U.S. dollars (DKK 1,432
million as of December 31, 2001). The increase primarily derives from the
deliveries of newbuildings and prepayments on vessels under construction. A
hypothetical 1% uniform weakening of the U.S. dollar would have resulted in a
translation adjustment of DKK 23 million recorded in shareholders' equity (DKK
10 million as of December 31, 2001). Such a change in exchange rates would not
have impacted our cash flows. We maintain the necessary U.S. dollar balances to
repay our outstanding U.S. dollar obligations and these borrowings are directly
related to U.S. dollar based assets.
In order to manage this risk, we enter into forward contracts and cross
currency contracts. As of December 31, 2002, we had the following financial
instruments in place:
Actual Value at the
Cross Currency date of entering into
Contracts the Contract Date of Maturity Fair Value
--------- ------------ ---------------- ----------
USD 8 million DKK 57.7 million June 2004 DKK 1.0 million
USD 10 million DKK 72.2 million June 2004 DKK 1.3 million
USD 5 million DKK 36.4 million July 2004 DKK 1.2 million
USD 7 million DKK 51.8 million December 2004 DKK 2.2 million
USD 5 million DKK 37.0 million December 2004 DKK 1.6 million
USD 5 million DKK 37.0 million January 2005 DKK 2.2 million
Total DKK 9.5 million
As of December 31, 2002, the fair value of the above cross currency
contracts totaled DKK 9.5 million as compared to (DKK 44.0 million) as of
December 31, 2001.
Forward Currency Contracts
As of December 31, 2002, the fair value of our forward currency contracts
was DKK 0 million as compared to DKK 3.2 million as of December 31, 2001.
Interest Rate Risk.
As of December 31, 2002, all of our debts have variable interest rates
based on LIBOR plus a margin.
In certain cases, we utilize derivative financial instruments to take
advantage of interest rate fluctuations on earnings and cash resources.
Typically, we use forward rate agreements (FRA) for short term requirements,
whereas interest rate swaps are entered into for periods up to 5 years, normally
2-3 years, if satisfactory interest rate levels can be achieved. The
instrument's profile always matches the loan profile of the particular loan in
question. The differential to be paid or received under the swap agreements is
accrued as interest rates change and is recognized as an adjustment to interest
expense.
As of December 31, 2002, we were committed to a series of interest rate
swap agreements whereby 28% of our total floating rate debt was swapped with
fixed rate obligations having an average remaining term of 0.8 year, expiring
between 2003 and 2004. These arrangements effectively change our interest rate
exposure on the hedged debt from a floating LIBOR rate to an average fixed rate
of 3.6%. An additional 36% of our floating rate debt was swapped with fixed rate
obligations using interest swaps containing an option element having an average
remaining term of 4.9 years and expiring in 2007. An interest rate swaps
containing an option element is an agreement where the seller has an option to
ask the buyer to pay actual LIBOR rate if this is above a certain threshold on
the fixing day. On three of four interest rate swaps with an option element this
threshold is 7%. Below this level the swaps acts as normal interest rate swaps
and thereby change our interest rate exposure on the hedged debt from a floating
LIBOR rate to an average fixed rate of 4.4%. We have received compensation for
selling this option. This compensation is reflected in above average fixed rate
of 4.4%. If market interest rates were to decrease approximately 1% the interest
rate swap agreements in place at the end of the year would require us to pay DKK
16.5 million of interest in excess of market rates. The fair value of these
interest rate swaps at December 31, 2002 was (DKK 44.9 million) as compared to
(DKK 9.7 million) as of December 31, 2001.
An increase in interest rates of 1 percentage point on the remaining
variable rate debt would result in DKK 9.3 million of additional interest
expense for the year ended December 31, 2002 as compared to DKK 6 million as of
December 31, 2001. We assess each debt instrument, the level of debt to fix and
the timing of entering into such agreements based on the market conditions.
Additionally, as of December 31, 2002, we have investments in certain fixed
interest rate bonds with a carrying amount of DKK 354 million as compared to DKK
570 million as of December 31, 2001. The bond portfolio was reduced in order to
facilitate the acquisition of the shares of NORDEN. The fair values of these
investments could be negatively impacted by increases in interest rates. If the
average interest rate for 2003 is 1 percentage point greater than the rate as of
December 31, 2002, the fair values of these investments would decrease by DKK
8.5 million as compared to DKK 22.8 million as of December 31, 2001.
Fuel Price Risk.
Our results of operations could be negatively impacted by increases in the
price of fuel oil. To hedge our exposure to this risk, we enter into fuel price
swap agreements, which effectively fix the price to be paid for a portion of our
fuel requirements for a specified period of time, usually one year or less.
During 2002, we fixed the price on 18% of our fuel usage through these
instruments. A hypothetical 1% increase in the December 31, 2002 cost per metric
ton of fuel oil would result in an increase in fuel expense of DKK 2.1 million,
for the year ending December 31, 2003, based on projected fuel usage as compared
to DKK 2.2 million as of December 31, 2001. As of December 31, 2002, we have
hedged approximately 3% of our 2003 fuel requirements. As of December 31, 2002
the fair values of these contracts were DKK 1.1 million as compared to (DKK 1.9
million) as of December 31, 2001.
Part II
ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES
Not Applicable.
ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES
Neither we nor any of our subsidiaries have been subject to a material
default in the payment of principal, interest, a sinking fund or purchase fund
installment or any other material default that was not cured within 30 days. In
addition, the payment of our dividends are not, and have not been in arrears or
have not been subject to a material delinquency that was not cured within 30
days.
ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF
PROCEEDS.
Not applicable.
ITEM 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures.
Within the 90 days prior to the date of this report, the Company carried
out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the
Company's management, including the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief
Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the
Company's disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-14 of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Based upon that evaluation, the
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company's
disclosure controls and procedures are effective in alerting them timely to
material information relating to the Company required to be included in the
Company's periodic Securities and Exchange Commission filings.
Changes in internal controls.
There have been no significant changes in the Company's internal controls
or in other factors that could have significantly affected those controls
subsequent to the date of the Company's most recent evaluation of internal
controls, including any corrective actions with regard to significant
deficiencies and material weaknesses.
ITEM 16. RESERVED
ITEM 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
We specifically incorporate by reference in response to this item the
report of the independent auditors, the consolidated audited financial
statements and the accompanying notes, appearing on pages F-1 through F-45.
ITEM 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Not Applicable.
TORM AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Report of Independent Auditors ..............................................F-2
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended
December 31, 2000, 2001 and 2002 .......................................F-3
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2001 and 2002 ................F-5
Consolidated Statements of Total Gains and Losses for the years ended
December 31, 2000, 2001 and 2002 ........................................F-7
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow for the years ended
December 31, 2000 2001 and 2002 ........................................F-9
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements .................................F-10
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE SHAREHOLDERS OF AKTIESELSKABET
DAMPSKIBSSELSKABET TORM
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of
Aktieselskabet Dampskibsselskabet TORM and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2002
and 2001, and the related consolidated statements of operations, total gains and
losses, statement of changes in shareholders' equity and cash flows for each of
the three years in the period ended December 31, 2002. These financial
statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on
our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally
accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in
all material respects, the financial position of Aktieselskabet
Dampskibsselskabet TORM and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2002 and 2001 and
the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years
in the period ended December 31, 2002 in conformity with the accounting
provisions of Danish legislation applied on a consistent basis after giving
retroactive effect to the change in accounting for financial leases, sales and
leaseback transactions, swaps of vessels, dividends, own shares, derivative
financial instruments and financial liabilities as described in Note 1.
Accounting principles used by Aktieselskabet Dampskibsselskabet TORM and
subsidiaries in preparing the accompanying financial statements are in
conformity with the accounting provisions of Danish legislation, which vary in
certain respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United
States of America. The application of the latter would have affected the
determination of net income for the each of the three years ended December 31,
2002 and the determination of shareholders' equity at December 31, 2002 and
2001, to the extent summarised in the restated Note 17 to the consolidated
financial statements.
Deloitte & Touche Chartered Accountants
Copenhagen, Denmark
June 24, 2003
TORM AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
For The Years Ended December 31, 2000, 2001 and 2002
(Expressed in thousands of DKK)
Note 2000 2001 2002
---- ---- ----
Net revenue 2,158,671 2,583,351 1,948,036
Port expenses and bunkers (844,700) (808,210) (834,504)
--------- --------- ---------
Time Charter Equivalent Earnings 1,313,971 1,775,141 1,113,532
Charter hire (418,019) (790,204) (564,555)
Technical running costs (283,082) (194,362) (217,332)
--------- --------- ---------
Net earnings from shipping activities 2,3 612,870 790,575 331,645
Profit on sale of vessels and interests 12,263 92,960 81,164
Administrative expenses 3,4 (84,418) (129,535) (115,890)
Other operating income 45,305 60,197 55,228
--------- --------- ---------
Profit/(loss) before depreciation 586,020 814,197 352,147
Depreciation 6 (220,727) (159,160) (145,357)
--------- --------- ---------
Profit/(loss) before financial items 365,293 655,037 206,790
Financial items 7 (156,737) (101,444) (91,655)
--------- --------- ---------
Profit/(loss) before tax and extraordinary items 208,556 553,593 115,135
Tax on profit on ordinary activities 8 (53,298) (166,018) 360,190
--------- --------- ---------
Profit/(loss) for the year 155,258 387,575 475,325
--------- --------- ---------
Allocation of profit
The Board of Directors recommends that the
year's result of DKK 475 million be
allocated as follows:
Proposed dividend DKK 2 per share of DKK 10
(2001: DKK 4) 36,400
Transfer to reserve for net revaluation according
to the equity method of accounting 0
Retained earnings carried forward 438,925
---------
475,325
---------
The accompanying notes are an integrated part of these financial statements.
TORM AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED balance sheets
As of December 31, 2001 and 2002
(Expressed in thousands of DKK)
Note 2001 2002
---- ----
ASSETS
FIXED ASSETS
Tangible fixed assets
Leasehold improvements 7,161 4,982
Land and buildings 1,920 2,487
Vessels and capitalized dry-docking 12 1,743,327 2,581,375
Prepayment on vessels under construction 442,539 387,978
Other plant and operating equipment 41,631 16,854
--------- ---------
6 2,236,578 2,993,676
--------- ---------
Financial fixed assets
Other investments 5 37,700 290,106
--------- ---------
37,700 290,106
--------- ---------
Total fixed assets 2,274,278 3,283,782
--------- ---------
CURRENT ASSETS
Inventories
Inventory of bunkers 33,789 33,228
--------- ---------
Accounts receivables
Freight receivables, etc 387,014 224,425
Other receivables 75,633 24,176
Prepayments 21,300 21,634
--------- ---------
483,947 270,235
--------- ---------
Securities
Bonds 12 570,783 353,767
--------- ---------
Cash at bank and in hand 12 256,470 168,282
--------- ---------
Total current assets 1,344,989 825,512
--------- ---------
Total assets 3,619,267 4,109,294
--------- ---------
The accompanying notes are an integrated part of these financial statements.
TORM AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED balance sheets (continued)
As of December 31, 2001 and 2002
(Expressed in thousands of DKK)
Note 2001 2002
---------- ----------
LIABILITIES
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Common shares 9 182,000 182,000
Revaluation reserve 22,128 0
Own shares 9 (51,482) (51,962)
Retained Profit 694,908 1,552,659
Proposed dividend 72,800 36,400
---------- ----------
Total capital and reserves 920,354 1,719,097
---------- ----------
PROVISIONS
Deferred tax 8 360,077 0
---------- ----------
Total shareholders equity 360,077 0
---------- ----------
LIABILITIES
Long-term liabilities
Mortgage debt and bank loans 10, 12 1,519,743 1,735,464
---------- ----------
Current liabilities
Next year's installments on mortgage
debt and bank loans 10, 12 287,577 298,061
Trade accounts payables 237,094 164,397
Other liabilities 11 158,417 111,097
Accruals 136,005 81,178
---------- ----------
819,093 654,733
---------- ----------
Total liabilities 2,338,836 2,390,197
---------- ----------
Total liabilities, shareholders equity 3,619,267 4,109,294
---------- ----------
Collateral security 12
Guarantees and contingent liabilities 13
Currency, interest rate, fuel price
and credit risks 14
Related party transactions 15
Discontinuing operations 16
Reconciliation to United States
Generally Accepted
Accounting Principles (U.S. GAAP) 17
The accompanying notes are an integrated part of these financial statements.
TORM AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF TOTAL GAINS AND LOSSES
For The Years Ended December 31, 2000, 2001 and 2002
(Expressed in thousands of DKK)
2000 2001 2002
-------- -------- --------
Profit (loss) 155,258 387,575 475,325
Change in fair value of derivatives (39,500) (24,200) 10,900
Foreign currency translation (28,500) 44,200 382,700
-------- -------- --------
Total gains and losses 87,258 407,575 865,925
-------- -------- --------
The accompanying notes are an integrated part of these financial statements.
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
As of December 31, 2000, 2001 and 2002
(Expressed in millions of DKK)
Common Revaluation Own Retained Proposed Total
shares reserves shares earnings dividend
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Balance at 1 January 2000 182.0 13.1 0.0 672.8 0.0 867.9
Change in accounting policies (352.8) (352.8)
Balance at 1 January 2000 as restated 182.0 13.1 0.0 320.0 0.0 515.1
Exchange rate adjustment of shareholders'
equity in subsidiaries and associated
companies (4.1) (4.1)
Exchange rate adjustment of loans to
independent units 5.5 5.5
Exchange rate adjustment of mortgage debt
and bank loans (27.1) (27.1)
Exchange rate adjustment of derivative
financial instruments (39.5) (39.5)
Reversal of revaluation of shares 9.7 (9.7) 0.0
Reversal of revaluation of bonds 4.9 (4.9) 0.0
Dividends paid
Profit for the year 151.7 151.7
Dividend for the financial year (36.4) 36.4 0.0
Balance at 1 January 2001 as restated 182.0 27.7 0.0 355.6 36.4 601.7
Exchange rate adjustment of shareholders'
equity in subsidiaries and associated
companies 9.8 9.8
Exchange rate adjustment of loans to
independent units (0.7) (0.7)
Exchange rate adjustment of mortgage debt
and bank loans 35.1 35.1
Fair value adjustment of derivative
financial instruments (24.2) (24.2)
Reversal of revaluation of shares (3.2) 3.2 0.0
Reversal of revaluation of bonds (2.4) 2.4 0.0
Purchase of own shares (63.0) (63.0)
Disposal of own shares 11.5 (1.1) 10.4
Dividends paid (36.4) (36.4)
Profit for the year 387.6 387.6
Dividend for the financial year (72.8) 72.8 0.0
Balance at 1 January 2002 as restated 182.0 22.1 (51.5) 694.9 72.8 920.3
Exchange rate adjustment of shareholders'
equity in subsidiaries and associated
companies (7.3) (7.3)
Exchange rate adjustment of loans to
independent units (6.1) (6.1)
Exchange rate adjustment of mortgage debt
and bank loans 396.1 396.1
Exchange rate adjustment of derivative
financial instruments 10.9 10.9
Reversal of revaluation of shares (19.5) 19.5 0.0
Reversal of revaluation of bonds (2.6) 2.6 0.0
Purchase of own shares (7.6) (7.6)
Disposal of own shares 7.1 7.1
Proceeds from sale of own shares (0.3) (0.3)
Dividends paid (72.8) (72.8)
Dividends paid on own shares 3.5 3.5
Profit for the year 475.3 475.3
Dividend for the financial year (36.4) 36.4 0.0
Shareholders' equity at 31 December
2002 182.0 0.0 (52.0) 1,552.7 36.4 1,719.1
The accompanying notes are an integrated part of these financial statements.
TORM AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW
For The Years Ended December 31, 2000, 2001 and 2002
(Expressed in thousands of DKK)
2000 2001 2002
---- ---- ----
CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Profit before financial items 365,293 655,037 206,790
Interest received 37,151 50,254 69,747
Interest paid (224,388) (123,815) (76,540)
-------- -------- ----------
178,056 581,476 199,997
Adjustments:
Reversal of depreciation 220,726 159,160 145,357
Reversal of sale of liner activity 0 0 (63,007)
Reversal of other non-cash movements (192,429) (26,869) (60,461)
Taxes paid 0 0 (29)
Change in inventories, accounts
receivables and payables 81,087 (31,540) 39,430
-------- -------- ----------
Net cash inflow from operating activities 287,440 682,227 261,287
-------- -------- ----------
CASH FLOW FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Investment in tangible fixed assets (350,940) (553,723) (954,262)
Investment in equity interests and
securities 0 (15,144) (247,983)
Sale of fixed assets 954,182 607,635 20,549
including profit on sale of vessels
(included in operating activities) (12,263) (92,960) 0
Sale of liner activity 0 0 63,007
-------- -------- ----------
Net cash inflow/(outflow) from investing
activities 590,979 (54,192) (1,118,689)
-------- -------- ----------
CASH FLOW FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Borrowing, mortgage debt 131,855 164,825 842,472
Repayment/redemption, mortgage debt (827,456) (552,201) (156,709)
Repayment/redemption, lease liabilities (42,059) (43,688) (63,449)
Increase/(decrease) in bank debt (18,654) (340) 0
Dividends paid 0 (36,400) (69,309)
Purchase/disposal of own shares 0 (51,482) (807)
-------- -------- ----------
Cash inflow/(outflow) from financing
activities (756,314) (519,286) 552,198
-------- -------- ----------
Net cash inflow/(outflow) from operating,
investing and financing activities 122,104 108,749 (305,204)
Cash and cash equivalents including bonds,
in companies acquired/divested 0 (7,917) 0
-------- -------- ----------
Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash
equivalents 122,104 100,832 (305,204)
-------- -------- ----------
Cash and cash equivalents,
including bonds, at 1 January 604,316 726,420 827,252
-------- -------- ----------
Cash and cash equivalents,
including bonds, at 31 December 726,420 827,252 522,048
Of which used as collateral (206,608) (183,466) (186,056)
-------- -------- ----------
519,812 643,786 335,992
-------- -------- ----------
The accompanying notes are an integrated part of these financial statements.
TORM AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
For The Years Ended December 31, 2000, 2001 and 2002
NOTE 1 - ACCOUNTING POLICIES
BASIS OF PREPARATION
The Annual Report of A/S Dampskibsselskabet TORM ("TORM") has been prepared
in accordance with the provisions of the Danish Financial Statements Act
applicable for listed companies in Accounting Class D, Danish Accounting
Standards and the requirements of the Copenhagen Stock Exchange relating to the
presentation of financial statements by listed companies.
CHANGE IN ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The accounting policies are unchanged from last year and have been
consistently applied, except for the following changes in accounting policies
due to the enactment of the new Danish Financial Statements Accounts Act as per
January 1, 2002 or where a change in accounting policy increases the consistency
between Danish reporting and the U.S. GAAP reporting. Reporting under U.S. GAAP
is required as a consequence of the Company's listing on the NASDAQ national
market in April 2002.
FINANCE LEASES
Agreements to charter vessels and to lease other property, plant and
equipment, where a Group company has substantially all the risks and rewards of
ownership are recognized in the balance sheet as finance leases. Lease assets
are measured at the present value of future leasing payments at their inception
determined in the agreements including any purchase options. The lease assets
are depreciated and written down under the same accounting policy as the vessels
owned by the Group or over the lease period depending on the lease terms. The
capitalized lease obligation is recognized as a liability in the balance sheet.
Previously the Group accounted for these agreements as operating leases as it
was an allowed option under the Danish Annual Accounts Act.
The change in policy has resulted in an increase in net income for 2002 of
DKK 19.0 million (2001: DKK 0.7 million), net of tax and an increase in
shareholders' equity as of December 31, 2002 of DKK 3.8 million (2001: Decrease
of DKK 15.3 million).
SALE AND LEASEBACK TRANSACTIONS
Gains related to sale and lease back transactions are deferred and
amortized in proportion to the gross rental on the time charter over the life of
the charter party. Previously all such gains were recognized at the date of the
transaction.
The change in policy has resulted in an increase in net income for 2002 of
DKK 44.2 million (2001: DKK 8.9 million), net of tax and a decrease in
shareholders' equity as of December 31, 2002 of DKK 38.8 million (2001: DKK 83.3
million).
SWAPS OF VESSELS
Gains related to a swap of ownership in vessels are recognized in the
income statement at the date of the swap transaction, except when the acquired
vessels are similar to the vessels exchanged. Previously any gain on the swap of
vessels was recorded in the income statement at the date of the swap
transaction, except when the vessels were identical vessels of equivalent age.
The Danish Financial Statements Act does not specify the treatment of such
transactions and accordingly the Group has chosen to define its accounting
policy to be consistent to U.S. GAAP.
The change in policy has resulted in an increase of net income for 2002 of
DKK 0.5 million (2001: Decrease of DKK 7.0 million), net of related tax and a
decrease in shareholders' equity as of December 31, 2002 of DKK 6.5 million
(2001: DKK 7.0 million).
DIVIDENDS
Dividends are recognized as a liability at the time of declaration at the
Annual General Meeting.
Previously, proposed dividends were recognized in current liabilities in
the fiscal year to which they related. The change in policy has resulted in an
increase in shareholders' equity at December 31, 2002 of DKK 36.4 million (2001:
DKK 72.8 million) and a corresponding reduction of current liabilities.
OWN SHARES
Own shares are recognized directly as part of shareholders' equity at cost.
Upon subsequent disposal of own shares, any consideration is also recognized
directly in shareholders' equity.
Previously, own shares were reflected as an asset and adjusted at market
value through the income statement.
The change in policy has resulted in a decrease in net income for 2002 of
DKK 6.1 million (2001: Increase of DKK 8.8 million) net of related tax and a
reduction to shareholders' equity as of December 31, 2002 of DKK 50.7 million
(2001: DKK 43.8 million).
DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The Company uses derivative financial instruments to hedge interest,
currency and other risks. Derivative financial instruments are recognized at
fair value in the balance sheet.
For fair value hedges the change in fair value is offset against the change
in fair value of the hedged item. For cash flow hedges the change in fair value
on the contract is recorded as part of shareholders' equity and then transferred
to the income statement concurrently with the hedged item being recognized in
the income statement. The change in fair value on contracts that do not qualify
for hedge accounting is recorded in the income statement at the end of each
period.
Previously, derivative financial instruments were not recognized in the
balance sheet. For fair value hedges, exchange rate adjustments were reflected
in the income statement. For cash flow hedges, no exchange rate adjustments were
reflected until the contract expired.
The change in policy has resulted in a decrease in net income for 2002 of
DKK 7.5 million (2001: Increase of DKK 0.2 million), net of tax and a decrease
of shareholders' equity as of December 31, 2002 of DKK 36.7 million (2001: DKK
26.7 million).
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
Mortgage debt and bank loans relating to the financing of vessels are
stated in U.S. dollars and translated to DKK at the balance sheet date. As these
are considered hedges of the currency risk relating to the vessels, any
unrealized foreign exchange gains or losses at the balance sheet date is
recognized directly in the shareholders' equity and then transferred to the
income statement when the loan is repaid.
Previously, the mortgage debt and bank loans relating to the financing of
vessels in integrated entities were recorded at the historical exchange rate.
The change in policy did not affect the income for the year. The change has
resulted in an increase of shareholders' equity as of December 31, 2002 of DKK
27.5 million (2001: Decrease of DKK 368.7 million).
The impact of the above changes in accounting policies as of January 1,
2002 has been reflected through a restatement of all periods presented and a
cumulative adjustment to opening shareholders' equity.
The incremental effects of the restatement in respect of each of the
previously reported line items in the income statement are summarized below (in
DKK million):
Year 2000
Finance Sale and Swap Divi- Own Deriva- Finan- Total
leases lease of dends shares tive cial
back vessels finan- liabili-
trans- cial ties
actions instru-
ments
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Profit before 28.0 (141.3) -- -- -- (3.6) -- (116.9)
financial items
Profit before
taxes (2.0) (131.9) -- -- -- 3.6 -- (130.3)
Income Taxes (0.2) (39.6) -- -- -- -- -- (39.8)
Profit for the
year (1.8) (92.3) -- -- -- 3.6 -- (90.5)
Total assets 316.9 -- -- -- -- 26.7 -- 343.6
Deferred taxes (5.9) (39.6) -- -- -- -- -- (45.5)
Shareholder's (15.5) (91.7) -- 36.4 -- (2.7) (403.8) (477.3)
equity
Year 2001
Finance Sale and Swap Divi- Own Deriva- Finan- Total
leases lease of dends shares tive cial
back vessels finan- liabili-
trans- cial ties
actions instru-
ments
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Profit before 26.6 19.0 (10.6) -- 4.1 1.9 -- 41.0
financial items
Profit before
taxes 1.0 12.7 (10.0) -- 12.5 0.2 -- 16.4
Income Taxes (0.3) (3.8) 3.0 -- (3.7) -- -- (4.8)
Profit for the
year 0.7 8.9 (7.0) -- 8.8 0.2 -- 11.6
Total assets 286.1 -- (10.0) -- (40.1) 24.5 -- 260.5
Deferred taxes (5.6) (35.7) (3.0) -- 3.7 -- -- (40.6)
Shareholder's (15.3) (83.3) (7.0) 72.8 (43.8) (26.7) (368.7) (472.0)
equity
Year 2002
Finance Sale and Swap Divi- Own Deriva- Finan- Total
leases lease of dends shares tive cial
back vessels finan- liabili-
trans- cial ties
actions instru-
ments
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Profit before 31.0 29.8 0.6 -- -- 8.4 -- 69.8
financial items
Profit before
taxes 19.3 45.3 0.6 -- (8.9) (7.5) -- 48.8
Income Taxes (0.3) (1.1) (0.1) -- 2.8 -- -- 1.3
Profit for the
year 19.0 44.2 0.5 -- (6.1) (7.5) -- 50.1
Total assets 223.6 -- (9.5) -- (49.7) (1.3) -- 163.1
Deferred taxes (5.3) (34.7) (3.0) -- 1.0 -- -- (42.0)
Shareholder's 3.8 (38.8) (6.5) 36.4 (50.7) (36.7) 27.5 (65.0)
equity
Entering the Tonnage Taxation Scheme
On February 6, 2002, the Danish Government proposed a bill regarding
Tonnage Taxation, which was enacted on April 18, 2002. According to the new
Tonnage Taxation Act, taxable income is not to be calculated as the difference
between taxable income and deductible expenses as under the normal corporate
taxation. Instead taxable income is to be calculated with reference to the
tonnage used by the Company during the year. The legislation was implemented
retroactively from January 1, 2001 and in connection with the submission of the
tax return for 2001 the Company decided to enter the tonnage taxation scheme
with effect from January 1, 2001.
In accordance with Danish accounting principles, the provision for deferred
tax that existed at the date of enactment, DKK 360 million, has been released to
income in 2002, which is also in accordance with shipping industry practice in
Denmark.
Description of accounting policies
General Recognition And Measurement Criteria
Income, including net revenue, is recognized in the income statement as
earned, including value adjustments of financial assets and liabilities, which
are measured at fair value or amortized cost. Furthermore, all costs incurred in
order to achieve the earnings for the period are recognized in the income
statement, including depreciation and provisions as well as the income statement
will be affected by revisions to accounting estimates made in prior periods.
Assets are recognized in the balance sheet when it is probable that the
future economic benefits attributable to the asset will flow to the Group, and
the value of the asset can be measured reliably.
Liabilities are recognized in the balance sheet when it is probable that
there will be an outflow of future economic benefits from the Group, and the
value of the liability can be measured reliably.
Upon initial recognition, assets and liabilities are measured at cost.
Subsequently, assets and liabilities are measured as described in accounting
policies related to the balance sheet.
Certain financial assets and liabilities are measured at amortized cost,
whereby a constant effective yield to maturity is recognized. Amortized cost is
calculated as original cost less repayment and with addition/deduction of the
accumulated amortization of the difference between the cost and the nominal
amount.
Recognition and measurement take into account all circumstances, including
predictable risks and losses, occurring before the preparation of the Annual
Report, which confirm or disconfirm circumstances existing at the balance sheet
date.
Consolidation Principles
The Annual Report comprises the Parent Company, TORM and its subsidiaries
i.e. the entities in which the Parent Company, directly or indirectly, holds the
majority of the votes or otherwise has a controlling interest (collectively the
Group).
Associated companies which are by agreement managed jointly with one or
more other companies (joint ventures), and therefore subject to joint control,
are consolidated on a pro rata basis.
The Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared on the basis of the
financial statements of the Parent Company, its subsidiaries and pro rata
consolidated companies, by combining items of a uniform nature and eliminating
intercompany transactions and balances.
Foreign currencies
The functional currency of the subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar because the
vessels operate in international shipping markets, which utilize the U.S. dollar
as the functional currency, and accordingly revenues and expenses are
denominated in USD. The books for these subsidiaries are maintained in U.S.
dollars. The reporting currency of the Company is Danish Kroner (DKK).
Transactions in currencies other than the functional currency are
translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the
date of the transactions. Gains or losses arising between the exchange rate at
the transaction date and the exchange rate at the settlement date are recognized
in the income statement.
Cash, accounts receivable and payable and other liabilities denominated in
foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange
rate prevailing at the balance sheet date. Differences between the exchange rate
at the transaction date and the exchange rate at the balance sheet date are
recognized in the income statement.
Mortgage debt and bank loans are denominated in U.S. dollar to achieve an
effective hedge of the Group's future revenues in U.S. dollar in the form of
proceeds from sale of vessels.
The method used to translate the financial statements of a foreign entity
from its functional currency of the U.S. dollar into the reporting currency of
the DKK depends on how it operates in relation to the Parent Company. These are
as follows:
The income statement of integrated foreign entities are translated into DKK
at the average exchange rates for the period; however, items derived from
non-monetary items, such as depreciation expense, are translated at historical
exchange rates. Monetary balance sheet items are translated at the exchange
rates as at the balance sheet date and non-monetary items, such as the vessels,
are translated at historical exchange rates at the time of acquisition. The
unrealized exchange gains or losses on mortgage debt and bank loans are
recognized directly in the shareholders' equity and then transferred to the
income statement when the loan is repaid. Exchange gains and losses arising upon
translation of the income statements and balance sheets of integrated foreign
entities are recognized in financial items in the income statement.
The financial statements of foreign subsidiaries and associated companies
classified as independent foreign entities are translated into DKK at the
average exchange rates for the period for the income statement and at the
exchange rates as at the balance sheet date for the balance sheet. Exchange
gains and losses arising upon the translation of shareholders' equity at the
beginning of the year into DKK at the exchange rate at the balance sheet date
are recognized directly to shareholders' equity. Exchange gains and losses
arising upon the translation of the income statements and balance sheets of
independent foreign entities are recognized directly in shareholders' equity.
Accordingly, foreign exchange gains and losses on loans and derivative financial
instruments entered into to hedge the foreign exchange risk relating to such
entities are recorded directly in shareholders' equity.
Foreign exchange rate gains or losses of intercompany balances with
independent foreign entities, which are considered a part of the investment in
the entity, are recognized directly in shareholders' equity.
Derivative Financial Instruments
Derivative financial instruments are entered into to hedge future committed
or anticipated transactions and are considered to meet the hedging criteria of
the regulation.
Derivative financial instruments are initially recognized in the balance
sheet at cost and are subsequently measured at their fair value. The instruments
are recognized as other receivables or other liabilities respectively.
Changes in fair value of derivative financial instruments which are used to
hedge the fair value of a recognized asset or a recognized liability are
recognized in the income statement under the same item as changes to the
carrying amount of the hedged item, except for currency translation gains or
losses arising from the hedging of exposures relating to long-term intercompany
receivables in foreign entities. Currency translation gains or losses related to
such exposure are recorded directly to shareholders' equity.
Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments, which are used to
hedge the expected future transactions are recognized in Retained Earnings. When
the expected future transaction results in an income or a cost, amounts deferred
under Retained Earnings are transferred to the income statement and included in
the same line as the hedged item.
Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments that does not
qualify for hedge accounting is recognized in the income statement at the end of
each period.
Segment Information
The Group consists of two business segments; tanker and bulk. The
segmentation is based on the Company's internal management and reporting
structure in addition to evaluation of risk and earnings. Transactions between
segments are based on market-related prices and are eliminated at Group level.
Information is not provided by geographical segment because the Group
considers the global market as a whole and the individual vessels are not
limited to specific parts of the world.
Segment non-current assets consist of the non-current assets used directly
for segment operations including vessels and other plant and operating
equipment.
Current assets are allocated to segments to the extent that they are
directly attributable to segment operations including inventories, outstanding
freight, other receivables, prepayments and cash and bank balances.
Segment liabilities comprise segment-operating liabilities, including trade
payables and other liabilities.
Discontinuing operations
The Group has sold the Liner activities in September 2002, which have been
accounted for as a separate segment. The discontinuing business has been shown
as a separate part of the segment information.
Participation in Pools
TORM acts as pool manager for a number of pools, as such the Group is
participating with a significant number of vessels in these. The Group's share
of the income statement and balance sheet in the respective pools are accounted
for by entering a proportional share, based on participation in the pool, by
combining items of uniform nature.
Accounting for pension plans
The Company has entered into defined contribution plans only. Pension costs
related to defined contribution plans are recorded in the income statement in
the year to which they relate.
Stock based compensation
The Board of Directors, the Management and a number of key employees
participate in a share option program. The portfolio of own shares is used to
cover share options granted under this program.
The difference between the exercise price and the market price of the
shares at the date of the grant is recorded as compensation expense and is
reflected in administrative expenses in the income statement. At the time of
exercise the payments received for the purchase of own shares are recognized
directly in shareholders' equity.
Leases
Agreements to charter vessels and to lease other property, plant and
equipment where a Group company has substantially all the risks and rewards of
ownership are recognized in the balance sheet as finance leases. Lease assets
are measured at the present value of future leasing payments determined in the
agreements including any purchase options. For the purpose of calculating the
present value, the interest rate implicit in the lease or an approximate value
is used as discount factor. The lease assets are depreciated and written down
under the same accounting policy as the vessels owned by the Group or over the
lease period depending on the lease terms.
The capitalized lease obligation is recognized as a liability in the
balance sheet, and the interest element of the lease payment is charged to the
income statement as incurred.
Other leases and charter agreements concerning vessels are classified as
operational leases, and lease payments are charged to the income statement on a
straight-line basis over the lease term. The obligation for the remaining lease
period is disclosed in the notes to the financial statements.
Sale and leaseback transactions
Gains related to sale and leaseback transactions are deferred and amortized
in proportion to the gross rental on the time charter over the life of the
charter party.
Swap agreements
Gains on swap of ownership in vessels are recognized in the income
statement at the date of the swap transaction, except when the acquired vessels
are similar to the vessels exchanged. If the swap is an exchange of similar
vessels, the vessels are accounted for based on carryover value and no gain is
recognized.
Income statement
Net revenues
Net revenues comprise freight and demurrage revenues from the vessels. Net
revenues are recognized if they meet the general criteria mentioned above.
Accordingly, freight and demurrage revenues are recognized upon delivery of
service in accordance with the charter parties concluded.
Port expenses and bunkers
Port expenses and bunkers, which comprise port expenses and bunker fuel
consumption, are expensed as incurred.
Technical running costs
Technical running costs, which comprise crew expenses, repair and
maintenance expenses and tonnage tax, are expensed as incurred.
Profit on sale of vessels/interests
Profit or loss from sale of vessels and interests are stated as the
difference between the sales price less sales costs and the carrying amount of
the asset at the time of the sale. Furthermore, any gains or losses upon
repayment of related loans are included in the gain or loss on disposal.
Administrative expenses
Administrative expenses, which comprise administrative staff costs,
management costs, office expenses and other expenses relating to administration,
are expensed as incurred.
Other operating income
Other operating income comprises chartering commissions and profits and
losses deriving from the disposal of other plant and operating equipment.
Impairment losses
Impairment losses represent the deduction in the value of vessels or other
long-term assets by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds
its recoverable amount. In the event of indication of impairment of value, the
carrying amount is assessed and the value of the asset is reduced to its
recoverable amount equal to the higher of value in use based on net present
value of future earnings from the assets and its net selling price.
Financial items
Financial items comprise interest receivable and interest payable,
financing costs of finance leases, realized and unrealized exchange rate gains
or losses, realized and unrealized gains or losses from securities and dividends
received on shares and other financial income and expenses. Interest for the
period is included in the income statement irrespective of payment terms.
Balance sheet
Tangible fixed assets
Land is measured at cost.
Buildings are measured at cost based on the historical exchange rate less
accumulated depreciation. Buildings are depreciated on a straight-line basis
over fifty years.
Vessels are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated
impairment losses. All major components of vessels are depreciated less salvage
value on a straight-line basis based on an anticipated useful life of 25 years.
Costs incurred in replacing or renewing the separate assets (docking costs) are
capitalized and depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated period
until the next dry dock.
Vessels under construction are measured at costs incurred. The costs of
vessels and vessels under construction include interest cost on the financing in
the period of construction.
Operating equipment is measured at cost less accumulated depreciation.
Computer equipment is depreciated on a straight-line basis over three years, and
other operating equipment is depreciated on a straight-line basis over five
years. Operating equipment with a cost price of less than DKK 25,000 is fully
depreciated in the year of acquisition.
Leasehold improvements are measured at cost less accumulated amortization
and impairment losses and leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter
of the term of the lease and the estimated useful life.
Cost comprises acquisition cost and costs directly related to the
acquisition up until the time when the asset is ready for use.
Financial fixed assets
Other investments comprise shares in other companies. Listed shares are
measured at the market value at the balance sheet date. Unlisted shares are
measured at estimated market value.
Realized and unrealized gains and losses resulting from valuation or sales
of shares are recognized as financial items in the income statement.
Dividends on shares in other companies are recognized as income in the
period in which they are declared.
Joint ventures
Participation in joint ventures are recorded using the proportional
consolidation method in the Group accounts. The consolidated income statement
includes the Group's share of income and losses of joint ventures and the
consolidated balance sheet includes the Groups' share of assets and liabilities
in joint ventures.
Inventories
Inventories consist of bunkers, lubricants and spare parts and are stated
at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The cost is determined by the
FIFO-method.
Receivables
Outstanding freight receivables and other receivables which are of a
current nature (expected realized within 12 months from the balance sheet date)
are measured at the lower of amortized cost and net realizable values, which
corresponds to nominal value less provisions for bad debts.
Securities
Bonds are measured at market value at the balance sheet date. Realized and
unrealized gains and losses resulting from valuation or realization of bonds are
recognized as financial items in the income statement.
Own shares
Own shares are recognized directly as part of shareholders' equity at cost.
Upon subsequent disposal of own shares any consideration is also recognized
directly in shareholders' equity.
Dividends
Dividends are recognized as a liability at the time of declaration at the
Annual General Meeting. Dividends proposed for the year are moved from retained
earnings and shown as part of shareholders' equity.
Financial Liabilities
Mortgage debt and bank loans relating to the financing of vessels are
stated in U.S. dollar and translated to DKK at the balance sheet date. As these
are considered hedges of the currency risk relating to the vessels, any
unrealized foreign exchange gains or losses at the balance sheet date is
recognized directly in the shareholders' equity and then transferred to the
income statement when the loan is repaid.
Financial liabilities also include lease obligations on finance leases.
Other liabilities comprising trade payables and other liabilities are
measured at amortized cost corresponding substantially to nominal value.
Statement of cash flows
The statement of cash flows shows the Group's cash flows and cash and cash
equivalents at the beginning and the end of the year.
Cash flow from operating activities is presented indirectly and is based on
net income for the year adjusted for non-cash operating items, changes in
working capital, income tax paid and interest paid/received.
Cash flow from investing activities comprises the purchase and sale of
tangible fixed assets and financial fixed assets, except for profit/loss on sale
of vessels, which is included in the cash flows from operating activities.
Cash flow from financing activities comprises changes in long-term debt,
bank loans, purchase or sales of own shares and dividends paid to shareholders.
Cash and cash equivalents comprises cash in hand, call deposits, and
short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to cash and
only subject to an insignificant risk of change in value. Cash equivalents
include marketable securities (bonds). Equity instruments are not included.
United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
As a consequence of the registration of American Depository Shares (ADS)
with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, the Company has
prepared a summary of the effect on net income and shareholders' equity as if
the Financial Statements had been prepared in accordance with the Generally
Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States.
NOTE 2 - NET EARNINGS FROM SHIPPING ACTIVITIES (in DKK million)
Tankers Bulkers Not Discon- Total
allocated tinuing 2001
operations
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
SEGMENT INFORMATION
INCOME STATEMENTS
Net revenue 1,327.6 590.1 84.9 580.7 2,583.3
Port expenses and bunkers (302.5) (107.1) (6.1) (392.5) (808.2)
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Time Charter Equivalent Earnings 1,025.1 483.0 78.8 188.2 1,775.1
Charter hire (221.8) (395.4) (27.6) (145.4) (790.2)
Technical running costs (128.3) (34.8) (30.4) (0.8) (194.3)
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Net earnings from shipping activities 675.0 52.8 20.8 42.0 790.6
(Gross profit)
Profit from sale of vessels and interest 15.9 5.2 70.7 1.2 93.0
Administrative expenses (30.0) (9.6) (73.8) (16.1) (129.5)
Other operating income 52.8 5.3 0.5 1.5 60.1
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Profit before depreciation 713.7 53.7 18.2 28.6 814.2
Depreciation (113.9) (21.3) (13.0) (11.0) (159.2)
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Profit before financial items 599.8 32.4 5.2 17.6 655.0
Financial items (95.9) (31.6) 35.2 (9.1) (101.4)
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Profit/(loss) before tax 503.9 0.8 (125.6) 8.5 553.6
Tax -- -- (166.0) -- (166.0)
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Net profit/(loss) for the year 503.9 0.8 (125.6) 8.5 387.6
BALANCE
Fixed assets 1,919.1 268.3 62.7 24.2 2,274.3
Total assets 2,099.2 363.6 957.9 198.6 3,619.3
Provisions -- -- 360.1 -- 360.1
Total liabilities 1,601.4 409.1 179.3 149.0 2,338.8
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
With reference to the Departmental order about exemption to the new Danish
Financial Statements Accounts Act ss.5, stk. 4, nr.1, no segment information for
the Parent Company is provided. The Company's offshore activities are included
in `Not allocated'.
Tankers Bulkers Not Discon- Total
allocated tinuing 2002
operations
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
SEGMENT INFORMATION
INCOME STATEMENTS
Net revenue 912.5 591.8 42.7 401.0 1,948.0
Port expenses and bunkers (228.8) (322.3) (4.5) (278.8) (834.4)
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Time Charter Equivalent Earnings 683.7 269.5 38.2 122.2 1,113.6
Charter hire (200.5) (242.4) (20.7) (101.0) (564.6)
Technical running costs (159.4) (44.1) (13.9) 0.1 (217.3)
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Net earnings from shipping activities 323.8 (17.0) 3.6 21.3 331.7
(Gross Profit)
Profit from sale of vessels and interest 12.1 4.8 -- 64.2 81.1
Administrative expenses (25.8) (7.2) (68.3) (14.5) (115.8)
Other operating income 53.2 1.7 0.3 -- 55.2
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Profit before depreciation 363.3 (17.7) (64.4) 71.0 352.2
Depreciation (114.8) (16.2) (9.6) (4.8) (145.4)
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Profit before financial items 248.5 (33.9) (74.0) 66.2 206.8
Financial items (98.6) (14.1) (6.5) 27.5 (91.7)
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Profit/(loss) before tax 149.9 (48.0) (80.5) 93.7 115.1
Tax on profit on ordinary activities -- -- 360.2 -- 360.2
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Net profit/(loss) for the year 149.9 (48.0) 279.7 93.7 475.3
BALANCE
Fixed assets 2,713.4 256.8 313.6 -- 3,283.8
Total assets 2,880.3 391.7 837.3 -- 4,109.3
Provisions -- -- -- -- --
Total liabilities 1,866.6 353.9 169.7 -- 2,390.2
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
With reference to the Departmental order about exemption to the new Danish
Financial Statements Accounts Act ss.5, stk. 4, nr.1, no segment information for
the Parent Company is provided. The Company's offshore activities are included
in `Not allocated'.
NOTE 3 - STAFF COSTS (in DKK million)
2000 2001 2002
------ ------ ------
Total staff costs
Staff costs included in operating 33.5 29.5 33.2
costs
Staff costs included in 55.9 80.6 66.0
administrative expenses
------ ------ ------
Total 89.4 110.1 99.2
------ ------ ------
Staff costs comprise the following
Wages and salaries 80.0 100.4 89.1
Pension costs 8.4 8.5 9.7
Other social security costs 1.0 1.2 0.4
------ ------ ------
Total 89.4 110.1 99.2
------ ------ ------
Remuneration to the Board of
Directors and salaries to the
Management
Board of Directors 1.1 0.7 1.4
Management 4.4 7.6 5.2
------ ------ ------
Total 5.5 8.3 6.6
------ ------ ------
Salaries to the Company's management include DKK 0.6 million to resigned
members of management. Remuneration to the Board of Directors for 2002 includes
DKK 0.2 million to resigned members of the Board of Directors.
Number of employees
The average number of staff in the financial year was 251. The equivalent
figure for 2000 and 2001 was 226 and 235 respectively. The average number of
staff is calculated based on ATP paid. The majority of the staff on vessels
owned by subsidiaries and associated companies are not employed by TORM.
Total options Option allocation per year
2002 2001 2002 2003
---- ---- ---- ----
Share option program - 2001 to 2003
Total at 31 December, 2001 727,950 242,650 242,650 242,650
Board of Directors 73,260 16,280 28,490 28,490
Management 231,710 53,470 89,120 89,120
Key Employees 328,230 109,410 109,410 109,410
Resigned persons 166,050 63,490 51,280 51,280
------- ------- ------- -------
Total at 31 December, 2002 799,250 242,650 278,300 278,300
------- ------- ------- -------
Percentage of common shares 4.39% 1.33% 1.53% 1.53%
The share option program was issued in 2001 and may be exercised at the
earliest one year after pricing and at the latest 3 years after the allotment.
No options have been exercised at December 31, 2002. The strike price for 2001
was fixed at DKK 54 and for 2002 at DKK 58.5. The options for 2003 will be
allotted at the Board Meeting in 2003 when the Financial Statements for the
financial year 2002 are adopted. The strike price for the share option scheme in
respect of 2003 will be fixed at the average price at which the shares trade
during the ten days of trading immediately after the annual results have been
announced. The Company has acquired own shares to cover the share option
program. The cost of own shares has been recognized directly in shareholders'
equity. According to the Black-Scholes model, the theoretical market value of
the share option program is estimated at DKK 7.9 million at the balance sheet
date.
The key assumptions using the Black-Scholes model are:
o The average dividend equals 3.48 % of the average share price for
the period.
o The volatility is estimated at 33.21 %.
o The risk free interest rate based upon expiry of the options
applies to between 2.96 % and 3.49 %.
o The quoted share price as of December 31, 2002 is 56.43.
NOTE 4 - ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES (in DKK million)
For the year ended December 31
------------------------------
2000 2001 2002
------ ------ ------
Parent company 80.0 118.7 108.2
Subsidiaries and associated companies 4.4 10.9 7.6
------ ------ ------
84.4 129.6 115.8
------ ------ ------
Remuneration to the auditors appointed at the 2000 2001 2002
annual general meeting ---- ---- ----
Total fee, Ernst & Young 1.2 3.6 3.4
Total fee, Arthur Andersen 0.7 10.2 4.1
Total fee, Jesper Jarlbaek/Kirsten Aaskov -- -- 2.0
Mikkelsen
------ ------ ------
1.9 13.8 9.5
------ ------ ------
Fees, other services than audit, Ernst & Young -- -- 2.8
Fees, other services than audit, Arthur Andersen -- -- 4.1
Fees, other services than audit, Jesper
Jarlbaek/Kirsten Aaskov Mikkelsen -- -- 1.5
Fees related to the Company's listing on the NASDAQ amounted to DKK 5.4
million in 2002.
NOTE 5 - FINANCIAL FIXED ASSETS (in DKK million)
2001 2002
---- ----
Cost:
Balance at January 1 7.8 23.3
Additions 15.5 248.0
Disposals -- --
------ ------
Cost at December 31 23.3 271.3
------ ------
Revaluation:
Balance at January 1 20.3 17.1
Exchange difference -- --
Change in market value (3.2) 2.7
------ ------
Revaluation at December 31 17.1 19.8
------ ------
Write downs:
Balance at January 1 -- (2.7)
Write downs for the year (2.7) 1.7
------ ------
Write downs at December 31 (2.7) (1.0)
------ ------
Book value at December 31 37.7 290.1
------ ------
NOTE 6 - TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS (in DKK million)
Prepayment Other plant
Leasehold Vessels and on vessels and
improve- Land and capitalized under operating
ments buildings dry-docking construction equipment Total
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Cost:
Balance at January 1, 2002 11.9 6.6 2,286.1 442.5 42.5 2,789.6
Change in accounting policies -- -- 424.9 -- 23.9 448.8
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Balance at January 1, 2002 as
restated 11.9 6.6 2,711.0 442.5 66.4 3,238.4
Exchange rate adjustment (1.2) -- (52.4) -- (1.1) (54.7)
Additions -- 0.6 1,152.6 867.5 (11.7) 2,032.4
Disposals (0.3) -- (252.3) (922.0) (46.2) (1,220.8)
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Cost at December 31, 2002 10.4 7.2 3,558.9 388.0 30.8 3,995.3
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Depreciation and impairment
losses:
Balance at January 1, 2002 4.7 4.7 804.5 -- 15.2 829.1
Change in accounting policies -- -- 163.1 -- 9.6 172.7
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Balance at January 1, 2002
as restated 4.7 4.7 967.6 -- 24.8 1,001.8
Exchange rate adjustment (1.0) -- (21.1) -- -- (22.1)
Additions -- -- -- -- -- --
Disposals (0.2) -- (99.0) -- (24.3) (123.5)
Depreciation for the year 1.9 0.0 130.0 -- 13.5 145.4
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Balance at December 31, 2002 5.4 4.7 977.5 -- 14.0 1.001.6
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Book value at December 31, 2002 5.0 2.5 2,581.4 388.0 16.8 2,993.7
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Hereof finance leases -- -- 223.6 -- -- 223.6
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Hereof included interest in cost -- -- 9.3 0.6 -- 9.9
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Book value at December 31, 2001 7.2 1.9 1,743.3 442.5 41.6 2,236.5
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------
At January 1, 2002 the value of land and building assessed for Danish tax
purposes amounted to DKK 2.9 million (book value DKK 2.5 million) compared with
DKK 2.4 million at January 1, 2001. Included in the book value for vessels are
dry-docking assets in the amount of DKK 44.0 million (2001: DKK 10.5 million).
NOTE 7 - FINANCIAL ITEMS (in DKK million)
For the year ended December 31
------------------------------
2000 2001 2002
---- ---- ----
Financial income
Interest receivable, exchange gains
and dividends etc 37.2 50.3 69.7
Unrealised gains on investments in
equity interests, bonds and bank debt 16.3 0.7 12.5
------ ------ ------
53.5 51.0 82.2
------ ------ ------
Financial expenses
Interest payable on mortgage and bank debt 181.3 121.5 76.2
Other interest payable and realised losses 26.4 2.3 0.3
Unrealised gains on investments in equity
interests, bonds and bank debt 2.5 28.6 97.4
------ ------ ------
210.2 152.4 173.9
------ ------ ------
Total financial items (156.7) (101.4) (91.7)
------ ------ ------
Net foreign exchange adjustments included
in financial items (20.4) (22.1) (53.6)
NOTE 8 - TAXES (in DKK million)
2000 2001 2002
---- ---- ----
TAX ON PROFIT BEFORE TAX AND DEFERRED TAX
Changes in deferred tax
Balance at 1 January 70.2 239.7 360.1
Change in accounting policies 76.6 (45.6) 0.0
------ ------ ------
Balance at 1 January as restated 146.8 194.1 360.1
------ ------ ------
Tax on:
Profit for the year 92.9 161.0 0.0
Change in accounting policies (39.6) 5.0 0.0
Adjustment deferred tax due to tonnage tax 0.0 0.0 (360.1)
------ ------ ------
Provision for the year 53.3 166.0 (360.1)
------ ------ ------
Balance at 31 December 239.7 360.1 (0.0)
------ ------ ------
Deferred tax can be itemized as follows:
Vessels 402.5 424.9 0.0
Loans 7.9 (12.1) 0.0
Finance lease assets 0.0 85.8 0.0
Finance lease obligations 0.0 (94.9) 0.0
Accruals 0.0 (37.2) 0.0
Tax-related deficit (153.3) 0.0 0.0
Others (17.4) (6.4) 0.0
------ ------ ------
Total deferred tax 239.7 360.1 0.0
------ ------ ------
Effective corporate tax rate
Group 26.0% 30.0% 0.0%
The Parent Company paid no tax in 2000, 2001 and 2002.
The Company has entered into the tonnage tax scheme resulting in release of
deferred tax in the amount of DKK 360 million. The tonnage tax agreement is
binding for 10 years. The deferred tax status at December 31, 2002, related to
the assets and liabilities as of the date for entering the tonnage taxation
scheme equals DKK 367 million.
NOTE 9 - COMMON SHARES (in DKK million)
As of December 31
-----------------
2001 2002
---- ----
The Company's share capital, totalling DKK 182.0 182.0
182 million, consists of shares
in the denomination of DKK 10 per share
OWN SHARES (in DKK million)
2001 2002 2001 2002 2001 2002
Number of Number of Nominal Nominal
Shares shares value value % of share % of share
(1,000) (1,000) DKK Mill. DKK Mill. capital capital
------- ------- --------- --------- ------- -------
OWN SHARES
Balance at 1 January 0.0 871.5 0.0 8.7 0.0 4.7
Purchase 1,066.0 144.1 10.7 1.4 5.9 0.8
Sale (194.5) (134.2) (2.0) (1.3) (1.1) (0.7)
--------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Balance at 31 December 871.5 881.4 8.7 8.8 4.8 4.8
--------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
To hedge the Company's share option program the following investment in own
shares has been made:
At December 31, 2002 the Company's holding of own shares represented
881,368 shares at denomination DKK 10 per share with a total nominal value of
DKK 8.8 million. The retained shares equate to 4.8% of the Company's common
shares. The Company's purchase of own shares during the year was 144,100 shares
of denomination DKK 10, equal to a nominal value of DKK 1.4 million. This
represented 0.8% of the share capital. Total sale of own shares totaled 134,200
shares of denomination DKK 10, equating to a total nominal value of DKK 1.3
million. This disposal represented 0.7% of the common shares. Total
consideration in respect of the purchase of own shares was DKK 7.5 million for
the year whereas for the sale of shares it was DKK 6.7 million.
NOTE 10 - MORTGAGE DEBT AND BANK LOANS (in DKK million)
As of December 31
-----------------
To be repaid as follows: 2001 2002
---- ----
Next year's repayments 287.6 298.1
Falling due within 5 years 1,063.2 1,075.9
Falling due after 5 years 456.5 659.5
------- -------
1,807.3 2,033.5
------- -------
Hereof liabilities relating to finance leases 373.9 256.2
Effective Effective Book Book
Fixed/ interest interest value value
Maturity floating 2001 2002 2001 2002
-------- -------- ---- ---- ---- ----
LOAN
USD 2002 Floating 5.3% -- 80.0 --
USD 2003 Floating 5.5% 3.5% 107.1 63.7
USD 2004 Floating 5.1% 3.4% 476.9 345.7
USD 2005 Floating 6.5% 4.0% 279.3 187.9
USD 2006 Floating 5.1% 3.4% 92.4 63.7
USD 2007 Floating 5.2% 4.1% 435.1 333.1
USD 2008 Floating -- 3.8% -- 76.4
USD 2009 Floating 6.2% 5.3% 336.5 260.8
USD 2012 Floating -- 4.0% -- 702.2
Weighted average 5.6% 4.0%
effective interest
rate
Book value 1,807.3 2,033.5
------- -------
NOTE 11 - OTHER LIABILITIES (in DKK million)
As of December 31
-----------------
2001 2002
------ ------
Partners and commercial managements/agreements 17.1 11.8
Wages and social expenses 23.4 14.7
Derivative financial instruments 51.2 35.4
Miscellaneous, including items related to shipping activities 66.7 49.2
------ ------
158.4 111.1
------ ------
NOTE 12 - COLLATERAL SECURITY (in DKK million)
Collateral security for mortgage debt, bank loans and bareboat charters:
As of December 31
-----------------
2001 2002
---- ----
Vessels 1,063.5 1,713.6
Bonds 183.3 184.6
Cash and cash equivalents 0.2 1.5
------- -------
1,247.0 1,899.7
------- -------
NOTE 13 - GUARANTEE AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES (in DKK million)
As of December 31
-----------------
2001 2002
---- ----
Guarantee liabilities 3.8 3.9
----- -----
Charterhire for vessels on time charter:
2001 2002
---- ----
Next year's payments 526.6 456.2
Falling due within 5 years 676.2 568.4
Falling due after 5 years 558.2 356.1
------- -------
1,761.0 1,380.7
------- -------
Average remaining life 1.2 1.5
The guarantee liabilities consist primarily of a guarantee to the Danish
Ship Finance, which provides ship financing. The guarantee will only be called
in if the Danish Ship Finance enters into bankruptcy. As mentioned in the report
from the Board of Directors, the Company has contracted 6 vessels (2001: 8
vessels), an investment totaling DKK 1,732 million (2001: DKK 2,057 million).
The Company is jointly and severally liable with its jointly taxed subsidiaries
for tax on income subject to consolidated taxation.
NOTE 14 - CURRENCY, INTEREST RATE, FUEL PRICE AND CREDIT RISKS (in DKK million)
Contracts entered into as of December 31, 2002:
Assets Liabilities Hedge Net position
------ ----------- ----- ------------
Currency risks
USD < 1 year 432.8 609.3 -- (176.5)
> 1 year 2,974.9 1,735.5 -- 1.239.4
DKK < 1 year 378.3 52.4 325.9
> 1 year 313.6 -- 313.6
Others < 1 year 9.6 0.6 9.0
> 1 year -- -- -- --
-------- --------- ----- ---------
Total 4,109.2 2,397.8 -- 1,711.4
-------- --------- ----- ---------
Fair Fair Change in
value value fair value
Maturity 2002 2001 2002 2001 Effect Hedge
-------- ---- ---- ---- ---- ------ -----
Cross currency swaps
Income
USD 8 million 2004 1.0 (9.7) 0 0 statement Receivables
Long-term
USD 10 million 2004 1.3 (12.0) (13.3) 3.8 Equity intercompany
receivables
USD 22 million 2004-05 7.2 (22.3) (29.5) 7.9 Equity Vessels
----- ------ ------ -----
Total 9.5 (44.0) (42.8) 11.7
----- ------ ------ -----
Currency risks
In order to hedge the Company's exposure to currency exchange risks in the
balance sheet, the above cross currency swap agreements have been entered into.
Forward contracts are entered into by the Company on a regular basis in
respect of the ongoing cash flow. In 2001 and 2002, forward contracts amounting
to USD 31 million were entered into at an average rate of USD 8.33 against DKK.
Interest rate risks
Regarding the Company's financial assets and commitments, the following
information is provided in relation to actual interest levels prevailing as at
end of 2002:
The bond portfolio, with an average duration of 2.4 years produced an
effective yield of 7.88% in 2002. The portion of the variable rate mortgage
debts and bank loans with maturity within one year was USD 9 million and USD 278
million after one year but within 5 years. The effective interest rates were
between 1.4% and 3.8%.
The portion of the interest swaps hedging the USD mortgage debt with
maturity within one year was USD 27 million and USD 166 million after one year
but within 5 years.
The effective interest rates were between 2.9% and 4.0%.
The fair value of the Company's interest rate swaps were DKK (44.9) million
at year end (2001: DKK (9.7) million).
Fuel Price risks
In 2002, the Company hedged 18% of its bunker requirements, and at year-end
had hedged 3% of the 2003 requirement. The market value of these contracts was
DKK 1.1 million at year-end (2001: DKK (1.9) million).
Credit risks
The Company's credit risk is considered minimal since it is normal shipping
practice that freight is paid prior to the discharge of a vessel's cargo. The
amounts receivable are therefore primarily made up of cross-over voyages and a
small amount of demurrage.
NOTE 15 - RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
TORM considers the Company's Board of Directors as related parties. Niels
Erik Nielsen, the Company's Chairman of the Board of Directors, is a partner in
the law firm Bech-Bruun Dragsted. Bech-Bruun Dragsted has rendered services in
connection with the listing of TORM's ADSs in the U.S. and the investment in
NORDEN. The law firm's fee of DKK 1.6 million (2001: DKK 1.5 million) is based
upon the amount of time spent by the firm on the matter.
Gabriel Panayotides, one of the Company's Directors, has served as the head
of operations of Maryville Maritime Inc. since 1983. Maryville Maritime Inc. has
chartered one vessel to the TORM Panamax bulk carrier pool in the period January
1 to February 22, 2002 after which the vessel was redelivered.
NOTE 16 - DISCONTINUING OPERATIONS
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Restated Restated Restated Restated
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------
INCOME STATEMENTS
Net revenue 520.1 520.5 565.1 580.7 401.0
Port expenses, Bunkers, Charter
hire and Operating costs (454.5) (479.8) (527.2) (538.7) (379.7)
Net earnings from shipping activities
(Gross profit) 65.6 40.7 37.9 42.0 21.3
Provision for vessels on B/B charter (46.1) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Profit from sale of vessels and interests 2.8 0.0 0.9 1.2 64.2
Administrative expenses (14.8) (16.5) (17.1) (16.1) (14.5)
Other operating income 2.2 4.1 0.0 1.5 0.0
Profit before depreciation 9.7 28.3 21.7 28.6 71.0
Depreciation (19.8) (20.1) (14.6) (11.0) (4.8)
Profit before financial items (10.1) 8.2 7.1 17.6 66.2
Financial items (6.7) (9.0) (3.2) (9.1) 27.5
Profit/(loss) before tax (16.8) (0.8) 3.9 8.5 93.7
Tax 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Profit/(loss) after tax (16.8) (0.8) 3.9 8.5 93.7
Extraordinary items (6.3) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Net profit for the year (23.1) (0.8) 3.9 8.5 93.7
BALANCE SHEET
Fixed assets 117.0 102.7 29.6 24.2 0.0
Total assets 297.7 293.7 231.1 198.6 0.0
Provisions 23.7 26.3 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total liabilities 274.2 262.0 194.3 149.0 0.0
The sale of the Liner activities on September 16, 2002 generated a net
profit amounting to DKK 63 million TORM retained working capital (receivables)
in the order of DKK 25-30 million Net earnings from voyages performed until
September 16, 2002 have been taken into the income statement.
NOTE 17 - RECONCILIATION TO UNITED STATES GENERALLY ACCEPTED ACCOUNTING
PRINCIPLES (U.S. GAAP)
The Company's Annual Report has been prepared in accordance with accounting
principles generally accepted in Denmark (Danish GAAP), which differs in certain
material respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United
States (U.S. GAAP).
The following is a summary of the material adjustments to net income (loss)
for the years ended December 31, 2000, 2001 and 2002 and shareholders' equity as
of those dates, necessary to reconcile those to net income (loss) and
shareholders' equity determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
Reconciliation of Net income for the year to U.S. GAAP Net income (in thousands
of DKK)
Notes 2000 2001 2002
----- -------- -------- --------
Net income as reported under Danish GAAP
(restated) 155,258 387,575 475,325
Dry dock costs and provision for repairs a) (3,680) (10,832) (21,888)
Impairment of vessels b) -- -- (12,313)
Unrealized losses on marketable securities c) (9,700) 4,974 (4,423)
Foreign currency translation d) (33,781) 8,820 33,629
Derivatives e) (22,314) (27,610) 7,384
Sale and leaseback transaction f) 5,361 6,516 2,922
Tonnage taxation g) -- -- (367,319)
Tax effect of U.S. GAAP adjustments h) 18,588 5,402 (27,745)
--------------------------------
Net income in accordance with U.S. GAAP 109,732 374,845 85,572
======== ======== ========
Reconciliation of Shareholders' equity for the year to U.S. GAAP Shareholders'
Equity (in thousands of DKK)
2000 2001
Notes (restated) (restated) 2002
----- --------- --------- ---------
Shareholders' equity as reported under
Danish GAAP (restated) 601,735 920,354 1,719,097
Dry dock costs and provision for repairs a) (17,655) (28,487) (50,375)
Impairment of vessels b) -- -- (12,313)
Foreign currency translation d) 428,854 433,688 (92,718)
Derivatives e) 6,279 1,347 --
Sale and leaseback transaction f) (9,438) (2,922) --
Tonnage Taxation g) -- -- (367,319)
Tax effect of U.S. GAAP adjustments h) 22,343 27,745 --
--------- --------- ---------
Shareholders' equity in accordance
with U.S. GAAP (restated) 1,032,118 1,351,725 1,196,372
========== ========== ==========
Restatement of Shareholders' equity for the year ended
December 31, 2000 and 2001
In connection with the change in Danish GAAP to apply USD as measurement
currency implemented with effect from January 1 2003, the Company has refined
its method of computing the adjustment from Danish GAAP to US GAAP in respect of
the method of translating the entities with USD as measurement currency to the
reporting currency of DKK (see Footnote d below). Accordingly, shareholders'
equity on a US GAAP basis has been restated for 2000 and 2001 as set forth
below:
2000 2001
-------------------------
Shareholders' equity in accordance
with U.S. GAAP as previously reported 1,020,346 1,313,571
Restatement adjustment 11,772 38,154
-------------------------
Shareholders' equity in accordance
with U.S. GAAP as restated 1,032,118 1,351,725
=========================
There was no impact on U.S. GAAP net income as previously reported as the
impact was on the cumulative translation adjustment that under U.S. GAAP is
reported within Shareholders' equity.
Once the Company has adopted the change in Danish GAAP as described above,
there will no longer be any reconciling item between Danish and U.S. GAAP
regarding translation of USD entities.
The Group's accounting policies under Danish GAAP have been described below
where these differ from accounting principles applicable in the United States
(U.S. GAAP):
a) Accounting for dry dock costs and provision for repairs
Under Danish GAAP, the Company estimates the useful life of the major
components of its vessels, which are usually replaced or renewed in connection
with a docking, and depreciates these components over the period to the first
docking. The Company subsequently capitalizes dry-dock costs as incurred and
depreciates these over the period until the next docking.
Under U.S. GAAP, the Company accounts for the docking costs (provision for
repairs) by accruing for the estimated dry dock costs involved in the next
docking over the period to the next docking. The following represents the
movement in the provision for repairs during the year ended December 31, 2000,
2001 and 2002 (in thousands of DKK):
2000 2001
(restated) (restated) 2002
---------- ---------- ----------
Beginning Balance 37,915 27,151 41,654
Charged to expenses 22,960 24,790 29,889
Utilization (33,724) (10,287) (33,357)
Exchange rate conversion 2,153 1,693 (6,163)
--------------------------------------
Ending Balance 27,151 41,654 38,186
========== ========== ==========
b) Impairment of vessels
In 1998 the Company recorded an impairment charge of DKK 80 million for
certain vessels on capital leases as the carrying value at the time exceeded the
fair value of these vessels. Under Danish GAAP, an impairment is reversed in
subsequent periods if the fair value increases. During 2002, the Company
recorded a reversal of the impairment of DKK 12.3 million for the increase in
fair value of the assets.
Under U.S. GAAP an impairment loss cannot be reversed.
c) Unrealized gains on marketable securities
Under Danish GAAP, the Company's marketable securities are classified as
available-for-sale, which under Danish GAAP means that unrealized gains and
losses on these are recorded as financial items in the income statement
Under U.S. GAAP, the Company must classify its investments in marketable
securities as either trading, available-for-sale or held to maturity, as
required by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No 115 "Accounting for
Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities." For U.S. GAAP purposes, the
Company classifies its investments in equity securities as available-for-sale
and accordingly the unrealized gains and losses are recorded as a component of
shareholder's equity unless there is another than temporary impairment of the
securities.
During 2002, the Company acquired shares of a publicly traded Danish
company, NORDEN, and at December 31, 2002 holds approximately 33% of the
outstanding voting shares. The Company has accounted for the investment as
available-for-sale, as management is unable to exercise significant influence
over operating and financial policies of the investee. This is attributable to
the Company's inability to obtain financial information not otherwise available
to the general public and the Company's inability to obtain Board
representation.
d) Foreign Currency Translation
The Company's reporting currency is the Danish Kroner, but significant
portions of its operations have the U.S. dollar as the functional currency.
Under Danish GAAP, the method used to translate the financial statements of
a foreign operation from its functional currency of the U.S. dollar into the
reporting currency of the Danish Kroner depends on the way in which it is
financed and operates in relation to the reporting enterprise. For certain
entities (integrated entities) translation differences are recorded in the
income statement and non-monetary assets and liabilities, such as the vessels
and related loans, are translated at their historical rates on the date of
purchase. Profit and loss components that are derived from the non-monetary
assets, such as depreciation expense, are translated at their historical rates.
The remaining balance sheet components are translated at year-end rates whereas
the remaining income statement components are translated using average rates for
the period. For all other entities (independent entities) the translation into
the reporting currency is reflected as a component of equity. This translation
is based on year-end rates for the balance sheet components and based on average
rates for the income statement.
Under U.S. GAAP, the translation of entities with a different functional
currency than the Danish Kroner into the reporting currency is reflected as a
component of equity. The translation is based on year-end rates for the balance
sheet components and based on average rates for the income statement.
e) Derivatives
Below the U.S. GAAP reconciling items regarding derivatives for the years
2000, 2001 and 2002 have been summarized.
DKK'000 2000 2001 2002
Share- Share- Share-
Income holders' Income holders' Income holders'
statement equity statement equity statement equity
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Foreign currency contracts (22,314) 13,031 (19,924) 3,951 35,854 0
Interest rate swaps 0 (6,906) (5,779) (2,604) (31,526) 0
Fuel price agreements 0 154 (1,907) 0 3,056 0
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Total U.S. GAAP adjustment (22,314) 6,279 (27,610) 1,347 7,384 0
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
During 2000, 2001 and 2002, the Company entered into a variety of contracts
to manage its foreign currency exposure as it reports in Danish Kroner to its
local markets but operates a substantial portion of its business in U.S.
dollars.
Under Danish GAAP, derivative financial instruments are recognized in the
balance sheet at fair value. The treatment of the contracts is dependent on
whether or not each contract qualifies for hedge accounting as defined by Danish
GAAP. For fair value hedges the change in fair value is set-off against the
change in fair value of the hedged balance item. For cash-flow hedges the change
in fair value on the contract is recorded as a component of shareholders<180>
equity and then transferred to the income statement when the hedged item is
realized. The change in fair value on contracts that do not qualify for hedge
accounting is recorded in the income statement at the end of each period.
The Company has entered into foreign currency contracts to manage its
reporting risk associated with transactions denominated in the U.S. dollar,
which, under U.S. GAAP, do not qualify for hedge accounting as defined by
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133 "Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities". Accordingly, the change in fair value on
all contracts is recorded in the income statement for each period.
The following represents a summary of the foreign currency contracts
outstanding as of December 31, 2000, 2001 and 2002:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Type Notional amount Treatment under Danish U.S. GAAP adjustment
GAAP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Foreign currency swap USD 8 million at 2000, Gains and losses are No adjustment
2001 and 2002 recorded in the income
statements each period.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Foreign currency swap USD 10 million at Gains and losses are A loss of DKK 7.9
2000, 2001 and 2002 recorded as a million in 2000, a
component of loss of DKK 2.1 million
shareholders' equity in 2001 and a gain of
each period as the DKK 13.3 million in
contract is designated 2002.
as a hedge of long
term foreign currency
receivables, where the
foreign currency
adjustments also are
recorded as a
component of
shareholders' equity.
The gains or losses
are released from
shareholders' equity
when the receivables
are repaid.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Foreign currency swap USD 22 million at Gains and losses are A loss of DKK 14.4
2000, 2001 and 2002 recorded as a million in 2000, a
component of loss of DKK 6.4
shareholders' equity million in 2001 and a
each period as the gain of DKK 29.6
contract is designated million in 2002.
as a hedge of the
future sale of
vessels. The gains or
losses are released
from shareholders'
equity when the
vessels are sold.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Forward foreign USD 8 million at 2000, Gains and losses are A gain of DKK 5.4
currency contracts USD 20 million at 2001 recorded as a million in 2000, a
and USD NIL at 2002 component of loss of DKK 2.3
shareholders' equity million in 2001 and a
each period as the loss of DKK 3.1
contracts are million in 2002.
designated as hedges
of long term foreign
currency receivables,
where the foreign
currency adjustments
also are recorded as a
component of
shareholders' equity.
The gains or losses
are released from
shareholders' equity
when the receivables
are repaid.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
During the year ended December 31, 1999, the Company settled an open
currency contract associated with a purchase option included in a lease
agreement. Under Danish GAAP, the gain of DKK 19.4 million on this transaction
was deferred and is being amortized into income over the life of the associated
lease agreement. There was DKK 6.4 million and DKK 9.1 million of gain
recognized during the years ended December 31, 2000 and December 31, 2001
respectively, whereas the remaining DKK 3.9 million of gain was recognized
during the year ended December 31, 2002.
Under U.S. GAAP, the gain on this transaction was recorded at the time the
contract was settled.
The Company has also entered into interest rate swaps to hedge the interest
rate risk on the long-term loans obtained to finance vessel purchases.
Furthermore, the Company has entered into fuel price agreements to hedge the
price on fuel for the Company's vessels.
Under Danish GAAP, both the interest rate swaps and fuel price agreements
qualify as cash flow hedges and are recorded at fair value in the balance sheet
and as a component of shareholders' equity. The fair values of the hedges are
released from shareholders' equity when the loans are repaid or the bunkers are
purchased.
Under U.S. GAAP prior to the adoption of SFAS No 133 the interest rate
swaps and fuel price agreements were accounted for in manner similar to cash
flow hedges. At January 1, 2001, the Company adopted the provisions for SFAS No
133 and did elect not to account for the instruments as hedges. The Company
recorded a transition adjustment in the amount of the fair value at January 1,
2001 for all material derivatives. The transition adjustment of DKK 6.9 million
has been recorded as a derivative asset and as a component of other
comprehensive income. The Company reverses the amount based on the effective
interest method over the remaining contract period.
Subsequent to the adoption of SFAS No 133, the Company has accounted for
changes in fair value of the interest rate swaps and the fuel price agreements
as a component of income. During the year ended December 31, 2001 the Company
recorded a loss on interest rate swaps of DKK 12.2 million and a loss on fuel
price agreements of DKK 1.9 million and reclassified DKK 6.4 million of the
transition adjustment to income. During the year ended December 31, 2002, the
Company recorded a loss on interest rate swaps of DKK 32.1 million and a gain on
fuel price agreements of DKK 3.1 million and reclassified the remaining DKK 0.5
million of the transition adjustment to income.
f) Sale lease/back transactions
During the year ended December 31, 2000, the Company sold five of its
vessels and chartered (leased) them back under time charter agreements.
Under Danish GAAP, the Company has calculated a gain of DKK 147.1 million,
which has been deferred and amortized in proportion to the gross rental on the
time charters over the life of the related agreements.
Under U.S. GAAP, the gain has been deferred and amortized in a similar way,
but the gain on disposal is different under U.S. GAAP due to the treatment of
dry dock costs as described under item b) above. The initial difference between
the gain under Danish GAAP and U.S. GAAP is DKK 14.8 million, which through
amortization in 2000, 2001 and 2002 has been reduced to DKK nil at the end of
2002.
g) Tonnage taxation
On February 6, 2002, the Danish government proposed a bill regarding
Tonnage Taxation, which was enacted on April 17, 2002. According to the new
Tonnage Taxation Act, tax payments in the future will not be based on a taxable
income, but rather the tonnage of the Company. The legislation has been
implemented with retroactive date effective from January 1, 2001 and the Company
has chosen to enter the tonnage taxation scheme for a 10-year period with effect
from January 1, 2001. Income taxation will only occur if the total fleet of the
Company at the time of entering the tonnage taxation scheme is reduced in size.
Under Danish GAAP, the provision for deferred tax that existed at the date
of enactment has been released to income.
Under U.S. GAAP, the provision for deferred tax is still carried in the
balance sheet, as the recognition of a provision for deferred tax does not
depend on the likelihood of the provision resulting in taxable amounts. At the
end of each period, the provision for deferred tax is calculated based on the
carrying values and tax values of the shipping related assets and liabilities
that were owned by the company at the date for entering the tonnage taxation
scheme.
h) Tax effect of U.S. GAAP adjustments
The tax effects of the U.S. GAAP adjustments have been calculated based on
the enacted tax rate of 30% for the years ended December 31, 2000 and 2001. Upon
entering the tonnage taxation scheme, all deferred tax assets were lost and as a
result these amounts were reversed during 2002.
i) Stock options and stock grants
In accordance with the Company's accounting principles, the difference
between the exercise price and the market price of the shares at the date of the
grant is recorded as compensation expense in the income statement.
Under U.S. GAAP, stock-based compensation is accounted for in accordance
with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to
Employees." Under APB No. 25, the Company recognizes compensation expense for
the difference between the exercise price and market price at the measurement
date. The Company's stock grants are accounted for under fixed plan accounting
and the stock options are accounted for under the variable plan accounting. This
resulted in the same compensation expense for the 2001 and 2002 grants as
accounted for under Danish GAAP.
j) Joint Venture Agreements
The Company has investments in 50/50 joint ventures. The primary purpose of
these joint ventures is to jointly operate a vessel that is owned by each party.
The joint ventures then charter these vessels from the owners. Under Danish
GAAP, the Company accounts for entities that are jointly owned and operated
together with third parties, and in which the parties have joint dominant
influence, under the proportional consolidation method.
Under U.S. GAAP, these entities would be accounted for using the equity
method, which will not result in a difference in net income between Danish GAAP
and U.S. GAAP.
The following represents the results reflected in the consolidated income
statement for the year ended December 31, 2000, 2001 and 2002 in accordance with
Danish GAAP associated with these joint ventures (in thousands of DKK):
2000 2001 2002
------- ------- -------
Net turnover 561,832 460,072 393,052
Operating costs 320,212 230,923 327,098
------- ------- -------
Net earning from shipping activities 241,620 229,149 65,954
Gain on sale of vessels/interests (2000: Loss) 5,946 13,747 --
Administrative expenses 3,447 7,569 7,483
Other operating income -- 6,095 6,889
Depreciation 78,452 45,902 37,817
------- ------- -------
Profit before financial items 153,775 195,520 27,543
Financial items 56,947 24,661 68,281
------- ------- -------
Profit before tax 96,828 170,859 40,738
======= ======= =======
The following represents summarized balance sheet data that is reflected in
the consolidated balance sheet associated with these joint ventures as of
December 31, 2002 and 2001 in accordance with Danish GAAP (in thousands of DKK):
2000 2001 2002
------- ------ ------
Fixed assets 614,055 503,855 232,007
Current assets 182,219 101,395 68,721
Provisions -- -- --
Long term liabilities 513,153 475,741 191,432
Current liabilities 312,114 80,420 74,356
k) Discontinued operations
During 2002, the Company sold its Liner activities to a company within the
A.P. M0ller group, which under both Danish GAAP and U.S. GAAP represents a
discontinued operation.
Under Danish GAAP the results of the discontinued operations are included
in the income statement on a line-by-line basis. Under U.S. GAAP the results of
the discontinued operations are required presented in one line after net income
from continuing operations.
The Danish GAAP impact of the discontinued operations on each line in the
income statement and the main captions in the balance sheet is presented in Note
16 to the consolidated financial statements.
l) Statement of cash flows
The cash flow statement prepared in accordance with Danish GAAP presents
substantially the same information as required under U.S. GAAP. Under U.S. GAAP
however, there are certain differences with regard to classification of items
within the cash flow statement and with regard to the definition of cash and
cash equivalents.
Under Danish GAAP, the Company's cash is comprised of cash at bank and in
hand and bonds. For U.S. GAAP purposes, the Company classified only cash at bank
and in hand as cash and cash equivalents. Therefore under U.S. GAAP, investments
in and sales of bonds, treated as trading securities under SFAS 115, would be
classified in the statement of cash flows as operating activities and
investments and sales of equity securities classified as available for sale
would be classified as investing activities. Additionally, the unrealized gain
and loss on the bonds would be reflected as a component of operating activities.
Under Danish GAAP, the profit on the sale of fixed assets is reflected as a
component of investing activities, whereas under U.S. GAAP this amount is
reflected as a component of operating activities.
The presentation of cash flows provided by (used in) operating, investing
and financing activities, classified in accordance with U.S. GAAP, utilizing the
amounts shown in the Company's Danish GAAP cash flow statement are as follows
for the years ended December 31, 2000, 2001 and 2002 (in thousands of DKK):
2000 2001 2002
---------- ---------- ----------
Net cash provided by operating activities 303,490 506,079 478,303
Net cash provided by (used in) investment activities 603,242 38,768 (1,118,689)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (756,314) (519,286) 552,198
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 150,418 25,561 (88,188)
Cash under U.S. GAAP, beginning of year 88,408 238,826 264,387
--------------------------------------
Cash under U.S. GAAP, end of year 238,826 264,387 176,199
--------------------------------------
m) Earnings Per Share
Danish GAAP does not require Earnings Per Share information.
Under U.S. GAAP, basic earnings per share are based upon the earnings
available to common stockholders divided by the weighted average number of
common shares outstanding during the period and adjusted for the effect of all
dilutive potential common shares that were outstanding during the period.
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net
income per share (in thousands except share and per share data):
2000 2001 2002
------- ------- -------
Numerator for basic and diluted Earnings Per Share
------- ------- -------
Profit/(loss) from continuing operations 105,877 366,368 (8,154)
------- ------- -------
Profit from discontinuing operations 3,855 8,477 93,726
------- ------- -------
Profit/(loss) for the year 109,732 374,845 85,572
No. of No. of No. of
shares shares shares
------------ ------------ ------------
Weighted average number of shares:
Basic 18,200,000 17,517,633 17,317,909
Effect of dilutive shares, options
and stock purchase rights -- 4,844 10,449
------------ ------------ ------------
Diluted 18,200,000 17,522,477 17,328,358
------------ ------------ ------------
Basic earnings per share
Profit from continuing operations 5.8 20.9 (0.5)
------------ ------------ ------------
Profit from discontinued operations 0.2 0.5 5.4
------------ ------------ ------------
Profit (loss) for the year 6.0 21.4 4.9
------------ ------------ ------------
Diluted earnings per share
Profit from continuing operations 5.8 20.9 (0.5)
------------ ------------ ------------
Profit from discontinued operations 0.2 0.5 5.4
------------ ------------ ------------
Profit (loss) for the year 6.0 21.4 4.9
The weighted average number of shares excludes the shares reacquired from
the date of repurchase.
n) New accounting requirements
SFAS 143 "Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations"
In June 2001, the FASB issued SFAS 143, Accounting for Asset Retirement
Obligations. SFAS 143 requires that the fair value of a liability for an asset
retirement obligation be recognized in the period in which it is incurred if a
reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. The associated asset retirement
costs are capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the long-lived asset. An
entity shall measure changes in the liability for an asset retirement obligation
due to passage of time by applying an interest method of allocation to the
amount of the liability at the beginning of the period. The interest rate used
to measure that change shall be the credit adjusted risk-free rate that existed
when the liability was initially measured. That amount shall be recognized as an
increase in the carrying amount of the liability as an expense classified as an
operating item in the statement of income. SFAS 143 is effective for fiscal
years beginning after June 15, 2002. The Company does not anticipate that
adoption of SFAS 143 will have a material impact on its results of operations or
its financial position.
SFAS 145 "Rescission of SFAS Nos. 4, 44 and 64, Amendment of SFAS 13, and
Technical Corrections as of April 2002"
In April 2002, the FASB issued Statements of Accounting Standards No. 145,
SFAS 145 rescinds SFAS No. 4, "Reporting Gains and Losses from Extinguishment of
Debt," SFAS 44, "Accounting for Intangible Assets of Motor Carriers," and SFAS
64, "Extinguishments of Debt made to satisfy Sinking-Fund requirements." As a
result, gains and losses from extinguishment of debt will no longer be
classified as extraordinary items unless they meet the criteria of unusual or
infrequent as described in Accounting Principles Boards Opinion 30, "Reporting
the Results of Operations - Reporting the Effects of Disposal of a Segment of a
Business, and Extraordinary, Unusual and Infrequently Occurring Events and
Transactions." In addition, SFAS 145 amends SFAS 13, "Accounting for Leases," to
eliminate an inconsistency between the required accounting for sale-leaseback
transactions and the required accounting for certain lease modifications that
have economic effects that are similar to sale-leaseback transactions. SFAS 145
also amends other existing authoritative pronouncements to make various
technical corrections, clarify meanings, or describe their applicability under
changed conditions. SFAS 145 is effective for fiscal years beginning after May
15, 2002. The Company does not believe that the adoption of SFAS 145 will have a
material impact on its results of operations and financial position.
SFAS 146 "Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities"
In June 2002, the FASB issued Statement of Accounting Standards No. 146,
"Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities". This
Statement addresses financial accounting and reporting for costs associated with
exit or disposal activities and nullifies Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No.
94-3, "Liability Recognition for Certain Employee Termination Benefits and Other
Costs to Exit an Activity (including Certain Costs Incurred in a
Restructuring)". SFAS 146 eliminates the definition and requirements for
recognition of exit costs in EITF 94-3. SFAS 146 requires that a liability for a
cost associated with an exit or disposal activity be recognized when the
liability is incurred. Under EITF 94-3, a liability for an exit cost as defined
in EITF 94-3 was recognized at the date of an entity's commitment to an exit
plan. SFAS 146 also concluded that an entity's commitment to a plan, by itself,
does not create a present obligation to others that meets the definition of a
liability. SFAS 146 also establishes that fair value is the objective for
initial measurement of the liability. The Company does not believe that the
adoption of SFAS 146 will have a material impact on its results of operations
and financial position.
SFAS 148 "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation - Transition and
Disclosure - an amendment of SFAS 123"
In December 2002, FASB issued SFAS 148, "Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation - Transition and Disclosure - an amendment of SFAS 123. SFAS 148
amends SFAS 123 and provides alternative methods for accounting for a change by
registrants to the fair value method of accounting for stock-based compensation.
Additionally, SFAS 148 amends the disclosure requirements of SFAS 123 to require
disclosure in the significant accounting policy footnote of both annual and
interim financial statements of the method of accounting for stock-based
compensation and the related pro-forma disclosures when the intrinsic value
method continues to be used. The statement is effective for fiscal years
beginning after December 15, 2002, and disclosures are effective for the first
fiscal quarter beginning after December 15, 2002. The Company does not intend to
adopt the fair value method of accounting for stock based compensation.
Consequently SFAS 148 will not have an impact on its results of operation and
financial position.
SFAS 149, "Amendment of SFAS 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities
In April 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement
No. 149 (SFAS No. 149), Amendment of SFAS No. 133 on Derivative Instruments and
Hedging Activities. The Statement amends and clarifies accounting for derivative
instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other
contracts, and for hedging activities under SFAS No. 133. In particular, it (1)
clarifies under what circumstances a contract with an initial net investment
meets the characteristic of a derivative as discussed in SFAS No. 133, (2)
clarifies when a derivative contains a financing component, (3) amends the
definition of an underlying to conform it to the language used in FASB
Interpretation No. 45, Guarantor Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for
Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others and (4)
amends certain other existing pronouncements. SFAS No. 149 is effective for
contracts entered into or modified after June 30, 2003, except as stated below
and for hedging relationships designated after June 30, 2003.
The provisions of SFAS No. 149 that relate to SFAS No. 133 Implementation
Issues that have been effective for fiscal quarters that began prior to June 15,
2003, should continue to be applied in accordance with their respective
effective dates. In addition, certain provisions relating to forward purchases
or sales of when-issued securities or other securities that do not yet exist,
should be applied to existing contracts as well as new contracts entered into
after June 30, 2003. SFAS No. 149 should be applied prospectively.
The Company will adopt the provisions of SFAS No. 149 on December 31, 2003.
However, it does not expect that the adoption of this Statement will have a
material impact on its results of operations and financial position.
SFAS 150, "Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with
Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity"
In May 2003 the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 150 ("SFAS 150"), Accounting for
Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and
Equity. SFAS 150 modifies the accounting for certain financial instruments that,
under previous guidance, issuers could account for as equity. The Statement
requires that those instruments be classified as liabilities in statements of
financial position. SFAS 150 affects an issuer's accounting for three types of
freestanding financial instruments, namely:
o mandatorily redeemable shares, which the issuing company is obligated
to buy back in exchange for cash or other assets.
o Instruments, other than outstanding shares, that do or may require the
issuer to buy back some of its shares in exchange for cash or other
assets. These instruments include put options and forward purchase
contracts.
o obligations that can be settled with shares, the monetary value of
which is fixed, tied solely or predominantly to a variable such as a
market index, or varies inversely with the value of the issuers'
shares.
SFAS 150 does not apply to features embedded in financial instruments that
are not derivatives in their entirety.
In addition to its requirements for the classification and measurement of
financial instruments within its scope, SFAS 150 also requires disclosures about
alternative ways of settling those instruments and the capital structure of
entities, all of whose shares are mandatorily redeemable.
SFAS 150 is effective for financial instruments entered into or modified
after May 31, 2003, and otherwise is effective at the beginning of the first
interim period beginning after June 15, 2003. It is to be implemented by
reporting the cumulative effect of a change in an accounting principle for
financial instruments created before the issuance date of the Statement and
still existing at the beginning of the interim period of adoption. Restatement
is not permitted.
The Company does not expect that the adoption of SFAS 150 will have a
material impact on its results of operations and financial position.
FIN 45 "Guarantor's Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees,
including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others"
In November 2002, FASB issued Interpretation 45, "Guarantor's Accounting
and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of
Indebtedness of Others". This interpretation requires certain disclosures to be
made by a guarantor in its interim and annual financial statements about its
obligations under certain guarantees that is has issued. It also requires a
guarantor to recognize, at the inception of a guarantee, a liability for the
fair value of the obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee. The Company is
assessing, but at this point do not believe the adoption of the recognition and
initial measurement requirements of FIN 45 will have a material impact on its
financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
FIN 46 "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities"
In January 2003, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 46 - Consolidation
of Variable Interest Entities - an interpretation of ARB No. 51 ("FIN 46"). FIN
46 clarifies the application of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51,
Consolidated Financial Statements, to certain entities in which equity investors
do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not
have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without
additional subordinated financial support from other parties. FIN 46 explains
how to identify variable interests entities and how an enterprise assesses its
interests in a variable interest entity to decide whether to consolidate that
entity. It requires existing unconsolidated variable interest entities to be
consolidated by their primary beneficiaries if the entities do not effectively
disperse risks among parties involved. It also requires certain disclosures by
the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity and by an enterprise that
holds significant variable interests in a variable interest entity where the
enterprise is not the primary beneficiary. FIN 46 is effective immediately to
variable interest entities created after January 31, 2003 and to variable
interest entities in which an enterprise obtains an interest after that date,
and effective for the first fiscal year or interim period beginning after June
15, 2003 to variable interest entities in which an enterprise holds a variable
interest that it acquired before February 1, 2003. FIN 46 requires an entity to
disclose certain information regarding a variable interest entity, if when the
Interpretation becomes effective, it is reasonably possible that an enterprise
will consolidate or have to disclose information about that variable interest
entity, regardless of the date on which the variable entity interest was
created.
ITEM 19. EXHIBITS.
Number Description of Exhibits
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1.1 _____ Articles of Association for A/S Dampskibsselskabet TORM
and English Translation (the "Company") (1)
1.2 _____ Rules of Procedure for the Board of Directors of the
Company and English Translation (1)
2.2 _____ Form of Depositary Agreement between Deutsche Bank and the
Company (1)
4.1 _____ The Company's Employee Stock Purchase Plan (1)
4.2 _____ Office lease between PFA Pension II and the Company and
English Translation (1)
4.3 _____ Engagement letter of Bech-Bruun Dragsted and English
Translation (1)
4.4 _____ DKK 42 million revolving credit facility letter from
Danske Bank to the Company dated December 11, 1998 and
English translation (1)
4.5 _____ Debt Instrument from Agnete Shipping Corporation to Danske
Bank Aktieselskab, Singapore Branch, dated August 9, 1995
(1)
4.6 _____ Debt Instrument from Eastern Light Shipping Limited to
Danske Bank Aktieselskab, Hong Kong Branch, dated November
17, 1995 (1)
4.7 _____ Debt Instrument from Southern Light Shipping Limited to
Danske Bank Aktieselskab, Hong Kong Branch (1)
4.8 _____ Debt Instrument from Hermia Shipping Corporation to Danske
Bank Aktieselskab, Singapore Branch, dated June, 14, 1996
and to Danske Bank A/S dated August 29, 2001 (1)
4.9 _____ Debt Instrument from Hilde Shipping Corp. to Danske Bank
Aktieselskab, dated July 3, 2000 (1)
4.10 _____ Debt Instrument from Skagerak Tankers Limited to Danske
Bank Aktieselskab, Singapore Branch, dated May 9, 1996 (1)
4.11 _____ Debt Instrument from Anne Product Carriers (PTE) Ltd. To
Danske Bank Aktieselskab, Singapore Branch, August 28,
1998 (1)
4.12 _____ Debt Instrument from Gunhild Shipping Corporation to
Danske Bank Aktieselskab, Singapore Branch, dated November
6, 1998 (1)
4.13 _____ Debt Instrument from Tekla Shipping Co. Ltd to Danske
Bank, Singapore Branch, dated March 23, 1992 (1)
4.14 _____ Debt Instrument from Alice Product Tanker Corporation to
Danske Bank Aktieselskab, Singapore Branch, dated November
8, 1994 (1)
4.15 _____ Debt Instrument from Bothnia Shipping Corporation to
Danske Bank, Singapore Branch, dated September 20, 1989
(1)
4.16 _____ Debt Instrument from Olga Shipping Corporation to Danske
Bank Aktieselskab, Singapore Branch, dated October 27,
1995 (1)
4.17 _____ Secured Loan Agreement, between Caseros Shipping Limited
and Nordea Bank, dated June 15, 1994 (1)
4.18 _____ Loan Agreement between Estrid Shipping Corporation and
Danmarks Skibskreditfond, dated November 6, 2001 (1)
4.19 _____ Loan Agreement between Ragnhild Shipping Corporation and
Danmarks Skibskreditfond, dated November 6, 2001 (1)
4.20 _____ Shipbuilding Contract for the Construction of Hull No.
S161, between the Company and Samho Heavy Industries Co.,
Ltd. and Hyundai Heavy Industries Co., Ltd., dated
November 24, 2000 (1)
4.21 _____ Shipbuilding Contract for the Construction of Hull No.
S162, between the Company and Samho Heavy Industries Co.,
Ltd. and Hyundai Heavy Industries Co., Ltd., dated
November 24, 2000 (1)
4.22 _____ Contract for Construction and Sale of Hull No. S-1089,
between Thyra Shipping Corporation and Daedong
Shipbuilding Co., Ltd., dated March 2, 2001 (1)
4.23 _____ Contract for Construction and Sale of Hull No. S-1090,
between Freya Shipping Corporation and Daedong
Shipbuilding Co., Ltd., dated March 2, 2001 (1)
4.24 _____ Contract for Construction and Sale of Hull No. S-1086,
between Gertrud Shipping Corporation and Daedong
Shipbuilding Co., Ltd., dated November 3, 2000 (1)
4.25 _____ Contract for Construction and Sale of Hull No. S-1087,
between Gerd Shipping Corporation and Daedong Shipbuilding
Co., Ltd., dated November 3, 2000 (1)
4.26 _____ Contract for Construction and Sale of Hull No. S-1079,
between the Company and Daedong Shipbuilding Co., Ltd.,
dated August 25, 2000 (1)
4.27 _____ Contract for Construction and Sale of Hull No. S-1080,
between the Company and Daedong Shipbuilding Co., Ltd.,
dated August 25, 2000 (1)
8.1 _____ List of the Company's subsidiaries (1)
99.1 _____ Certification of the Company's Principal Executive Officer
pursuant toss.302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
99.2 _____ Certification of the Company's Principal Financial Officer
pursuant toss.302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
99.3 _____ Certification of the Company's Principal Executive Officer
pursuant toss.906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
99.4 _____ Certification of the Company's Principal Financial Officer
pursuant toss.906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
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(1) Incorporated by reference from exhibit of same number to Registration
Statement on Form 20-F, filed February 27, 2002 (File No. 000-49650)
SIGNATURES
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing
on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign
this registration statement on its behalf.
Aktieselskabet Dampskibsselskabet Torm
By: /s/ Klaus Kjaerulff
------------------------------------
Name: Klaus Kjaerulff
Title: Chief Executive Officer
Date: June 30, 2003
03810.0001 #413057v3