CHFC 2012 Q3 10-Q

 
 
 
 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549 
FORM 10-Q 
(Mark One)
þ
Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2012
 
¨
Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the transition period from ____________ to ____________            
Commission File Number: 000-08185 
CHEMICAL FINANCIAL CORPORATION
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
 
Michigan
 
38-2022454
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
 
 
235 E. Main Street
Midland, Michigan
 
48640
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
 
(Zip Code)
(989) 839-5350
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  þ    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  þ    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer
 
¨
  
Accelerated filer
 
þ
 
 
 
 
Non-accelerated filer
 
¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
  
Smaller reporting company
 
¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  þ
The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s Common Stock, $1 par value, as of October 26, 2012, was 27,498,094 shares.
 
 
 
 
 



INDEX
Chemical Financial Corporation
Form 10-Q
Index to Form 10-Q
 
 
Page
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

2

Table of Contents

Forward-Looking Statements
This report contains forward-looking statements that are based on management’s beliefs, assumptions, current expectations, estimates and projections about the financial services industry, the economy and Chemical Financial Corporation (Corporation). Words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “expects,” “forecasts,” “intends,” “is likely,” “judgment,” “plans,” “predicts,” “projects,” “should,” “trend,” “will,” "opinion," and variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Such statements are based upon current beliefs and expectations and involve substantial risks and uncertainties which could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These statements include, among others, statements related to future levels of loan charge-offs, future levels of provisions for loan losses, real estate valuation, future levels of nonperforming assets, the rate of asset dispositions, future capital levels, future dividends, future growth and funding sources, future liquidity levels, future profitability levels, future deposit insurance premiums, the effects on earnings of future changes in interest rates, the future level of other revenue sources, future economic trends and conditions, future initiatives to expand the Corporation’s market share, expected cash flows from acquired loans, future effects of new or changed accounting standards and future opportunities for acquisitions. All statements referencing future time periods are forward-looking. Management’s determination of the provision and allowance for loan losses; the carrying value of acquired loans, goodwill and mortgage servicing rights; the fair value of investment securities (including whether any impairment on any investment security is temporary or other-than-temporary and the amount of any impairment); and management’s assumptions concerning pension and other postretirement benefit plans involve judgments that are inherently forward-looking. There can be no assurance that future loan losses will be limited to the amounts estimated. All of the information concerning interest rate sensitivity is forward-looking. The future effect of changes in the financial and credit markets and the national and regional economies on the banking industry, generally, and on the Corporation, specifically, are also inherently uncertain. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions (“risk factors”) that are difficult to predict with regard to timing, extent, likelihood and degree of occurrence. Therefore, actual results and outcomes may materially differ from what may be expressed or forecasted in such forward-looking statements. The Corporation undertakes no obligation to update, amend or clarify forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
This report also contains forward-looking statements regarding the Corporation’s outlook or expectations with respect to the planned acquisition of branches from Independent Bank, the expected costs to be incurred in connection with the acquisition, the future performance of the branches to be acquired, the consequences of their integration into Chemical Bank, and the impact of the transaction on the Corporation’s future performance. Even though regulatory approval has been received, circumstances could arise which may delay or impede the completion of the transaction, although none are known at this time. The impact of the completion of the transaction on the Corporation’s financial statements will be affected by the timing of the transaction, including, in particular, the ability to complete the acquisition in the fourth quarter of 2012. The transaction may be more expensive to complete and the anticipated benefits, including anticipated strategic gains, may be significantly harder or take longer to achieve than expected or may not be achieved in their entirety or at all as a result of unexpected factors or events.
Risk factors include, but are not limited to, the risk factors described in Item 1A of the Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011. These and other factors are representative of the risk factors that may emerge and could cause a difference between an ultimate actual outcome and a preceding forward-looking statement.

3

Table of Contents

Part I. Financial Information
 
Item 1.    Financial Statements
Chemical Financial Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position
 
 
September 30,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
 
September 30,
2011
 
 
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
(Unaudited)
 
 
(In thousands, except share data)
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash due from banks
 
$
123,519

 
$
121,294

 
$
126,712

Interest-bearing deposits with unaffiliated banks and others
 
315,201

 
260,646

 
484,572

Total cash and cash equivalents
 
438,720

 
381,940

 
611,284

Investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale at fair value
 
646,578

 
667,276

 
610,493

Held-to-maturity (fair value - $223,185 at September 30, 2012, $183,769 at December 31, 2011 and $185,024 at September 30, 2011)
 
221,536

 
183,339

 
186,432

Total investment securities
 
868,114

 
850,615

 
796,925

Loans held-for-sale
 
15,075

 
18,818

 
15,212

Loans
 
4,019,159

 
3,831,285

 
3,760,426

Allowance for loan losses
 
(84,694
)
 
(88,333
)
 
(88,713
)
Net loans
 
3,934,465

 
3,742,952

 
3,671,713

Premises and equipment (net of accumulated depreciation of $91,203 at September 30, 2012, $86,991 at December 31, 2011 and $86,563 at September 30, 2011)
 
67,796

 
65,997

 
64,998

Goodwill
 
113,414

 
113,414

 
113,414

Other intangible assets
 
10,243

 
11,472

 
11,849

Interest receivable and other assets
 
132,594

 
154,245

 
154,209

Total Assets
 
$
5,580,421

 
$
5,339,453

 
$
5,439,604

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deposits:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest-bearing
 
$
952,126

 
$
875,791

 
$
891,363

Interest-bearing
 
3,646,746

 
3,491,066

 
3,589,223

Total deposits
 
4,598,872

 
4,366,857

 
4,480,586

Interest payable and other liabilities
 
34,738

 
54,024

 
33,700

Short-term borrowings
 
311,471

 
303,786

 
302,298

Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) advances
 
37,237

 
43,057

 
45,991

Total liabilities
 
4,982,318

 
4,767,724

 
4,862,575

Shareholders’ equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred stock, no par value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Authorized – 200,000 shares, none issued
 

 

 

Common stock, $1 par value per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Authorized - 45,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding - 27,498,094 at September 30, 2012, 27,456,907 at December 31, 2011 and 27,456,907 at September 30, 2011
 
27,498

 
27,457

 
27,457

Additional paid-in capital
 
432,627

 
431,277

 
430,462

Retained earnings
 
160,884

 
138,324

 
132,611

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
 
(22,906
)
 
(25,329
)
 
(13,501
)
Total shareholders’ equity
 
598,103

 
571,729

 
577,029

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
 
$
5,580,421

 
$
5,339,453

 
$
5,439,604

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
Chemical Financial Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
(In thousands, except per share data)
Interest Income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest and fees on loans
 
$
48,322

 
$
49,770

 
$
144,472

 
$
148,382

Interest on investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Taxable
 
2,458

 
2,335

 
7,610

 
6,884

Tax-exempt
 
1,457

 
1,513

 
4,407

 
4,385

Dividends on nonmarketable equity securities
 
128

 
114

 
638

 
605

Interest on deposits with unaffiliated banks and others
 
136

 
266

 
505

 
856

Total interest income
 
52,501

 
53,998

 
157,632

 
161,112

Interest Expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest on deposits
 
5,238

 
7,199

 
16,999

 
22,628

Interest on short-term borrowings
 
105

 
117

 
317

 
418

Interest on FHLB advances
 
248

 
413

 
765

 
1,298

Total interest expense
 
5,591

 
7,729

 
18,081

 
24,344

Net Interest Income
 
46,910

 
46,269

 
139,551

 
136,768

Provision for loan losses
 
4,500

 
6,400

 
13,500

 
20,900

Net interest income after provision for loan losses
 
42,410

 
39,869

 
126,051

 
115,868

Noninterest Income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service charges and fees on deposit accounts
 
5,028

 
4,780

 
14,546

 
13,504

Wealth management revenue
 
2,745

 
2,638

 
8,835

 
8,430

Other charges and fees for customer services
 
2,778

 
2,581

 
8,489

 
7,967

Mortgage banking revenue
 
1,457

 
1,173

 
4,059

 
2,736

Gain on sale of merchant card services
 

 

 
1,280

 

Other
 
54

 
53

 
784

 
262

Total noninterest income
 
12,062

 
11,225

 
37,993

 
32,899

Operating Expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries, wages and employee benefits
 
20,738

 
19,229

 
61,846

 
55,622

Occupancy
 
3,137

 
3,093

 
9,264

 
9,530

Equipment and software
 
3,406

 
3,162

 
9,651

 
8,994

Other
 
8,785

 
9,910

 
27,137

 
30,050

Total operating expenses
 
36,066

 
35,394

 
107,898

 
104,196

Income before income taxes
 
18,406

 
15,700

 
56,146

 
44,571

Federal income tax expense
 
5,300

 
4,075

 
16,800

 
12,725

Net Income
 
$
13,106

 
$
11,625

 
$
39,346

 
$
31,846

Net Income Per Common Share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
$
0.48

 
$
0.42

 
$
1.43

 
$
1.16

Diluted
 
0.48

 
0.42

 
1.43

 
1.16

Cash Dividends Declared Per Common Share
 
0.21

 
0.20

 
0.61

 
0.60

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
Chemical Financial Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
(In thousands)
Net Income
 
$
13,106

 
$
11,625

 
$
39,346

 
$
31,846

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities available-for-sale, net of tax expense (benefit) of $491 and $(100) for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and $746 and $139 for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively
 
911

 
(185
)
 
1,385

 
259

Adjustment for pension and other postretirement benefits, net of tax expense of $187 and $63 for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and $559 and $189 for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively
 
347

 
117

 
1,038

 
351

Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
 
1,258

 
(68
)
 
2,423

 
610

Comprehensive Income
 
$
14,364

 
$
11,557

 
$
41,769

 
$
32,456

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
Chemical Financial Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity (Unaudited)
 
 
 
Common
Stock
 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Retained
Earnings
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
 
Total
 
 
(In thousands, except per share data)
Balances at January 1, 2011
 
$
27,440

 
$
429,511

 
$
117,238

 
$
(14,111
)
 
$
560,078

Comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
 
31,846

 
610

 
32,456

Cash dividends declared of $0.60 per share
 
 
 
 
 
(16,473
)
 
 
 
(16,473
)
Shares issued – directors’ stock plans
 
12

 
254

 
 
 
 
 
266

Share-based compensation
 
5

 
697

 
 
 
 
 
702

Balances at September 30, 2011
 
$
27,457

 
$
430,462

 
$
132,611

 
$
(13,501
)
 
$
577,029

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balances at January 1, 2012
 
$
27,457

 
$
431,277

 
$
138,324

 
$
(25,329
)
 
$
571,729

Comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
 
39,346

 
2,423

 
41,769

Cash dividends declared of $0.61 per share
 
 
 
 
 
(16,786
)
 
 
 
(16,786
)
Shares issued – stock options
 
1

 
10

 
 
 
 
 
11

Shares issued – directors’ stock plans
 
16

 
307

 
 
 
 
 
323

Shares issued – restricted stock performance units
 
24

 
(272
)
 
 
 
 
 
(248
)
Share-based compensation
 
 
 
1,305

 
 
 
 
 
1,305

Balances at September 30, 2012
 
$
27,498

 
$
432,627

 
$
160,884

 
$
(22,906
)
 
$
598,103

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
Chemical Financial Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
 
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
(In thousands)
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
 
 
 
 
Net income
 
$
39,346

 
$
31,846

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
 
Provision for loan losses
 
13,500

 
20,900

Gains on sales of loans
 
(6,439
)
 
(3,373
)
Proceeds from sales of loans
 
235,010

 
150,299

Loans originated for sale
 
(224,828
)
 
(141,659
)
Net gains on sales of other real estate and repossessed assets
 
(1,498
)
 
(974
)
Depreciation of premises and equipment
 
6,052

 
6,026

Amortization of intangible assets
 
2,935

 
2,700

Net amortization of premiums and discounts on investment securities
 
3,774

 
2,809

Share-based compensation expense
 
1,305

 
702

Contributions to defined benefit pension plan
 
(12,000
)
 

Net decrease in interest receivable and other assets
 
12,690

 
6,227

Net decrease in interest payable and other liabilities
 
(5,673
)
 
(3,371
)
Net cash provided by operating activities
 
64,174

 
72,132

Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
 
 
 
 
Investment securities – available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from maturities, calls and principal reductions
 
189,681

 
269,373

Purchases
 
(170,667
)
 
(303,760
)
Investment securities – held-to-maturity:
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from maturities, calls and principal reductions
 
43,578

 
43,854

Purchases
 
(81,734
)
 
(64,793
)
Proceeds from redemption of nonmarketable equity securities
 

 
1,561

Net increase in loans
 
(216,285
)
 
(114,810
)
Proceeds from sales of other real estate and repossessed assets
 
18,787

 
12,801

Purchases of premises and equipment and branch bank property, net
 
(7,851
)
 
(5,288
)
Net cash used in investing activities
 
(224,491
)
 
(161,062
)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
 
 
 
 
Net increase in interest- and noninterest-bearing demand deposits and savings accounts
 
333,771

 
204,092

Net decrease in time deposits
 
(101,756
)
 
(55,271
)
Net increase in short-term borrowings
 
7,685

 
59,595

Repayment of FHLB advances
 
(5,820
)
 
(28,139
)
Cash dividends paid
 
(16,786
)
 
(16,473
)
Proceeds from directors’ stock plans and exercise of stock options
 
251

 
245

Shares issued, net of shares withheld, for restricted stock performance units
 
(248
)
 

Net cash provided by financing activities
 
217,097

 
164,049

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
 
56,780

 
75,119

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
 
381,940

 
536,165

Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period
 
$
438,720

 
$
611,284

Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:
 
 
 
 
Interest paid
 
$
18,625

 
$
24,804

Loans transferred to other real estate and repossessed assets
 
11,272

 
14,329

Federal income taxes paid
 
5,339

 
2,952

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

4

Table of Contents
Chemical Financial Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
September 30, 2012



Note 1: Significant Accounting Policies
Nature of Operations
Chemical Financial Corporation (Corporation) operates in a single operating segment — commercial banking. The Corporation is a financial holding company, headquartered in Midland, Michigan, that operates through one commercial bank, Chemical Bank. Chemical Bank operates within the State of Michigan as a state-chartered commercial bank. Chemical Bank operates through an internal organizational structure of four regional banking units and offers a full range of traditional banking and fiduciary products and services to the residents and business customers in the bank’s geographical market areas. The products and services offered by the regional banking units, through branch banking offices, are generally consistent throughout the Corporation, as is the pricing of those products and services. The marketing of products and services throughout the Corporation’s regional banking units is generally uniform, as many of the markets served by the regional banking units overlap. The distribution of products and services is uniform throughout the Corporation’s regional banking units and is achieved primarily through retail branch banking offices, automated teller machines and electronically accessed banking products.
The Corporation’s primary sources of revenue are interest from its loan products and investment securities, service charges and fees from customer deposit accounts and wealth management revenue.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of the Corporation and its subsidiaries have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, the consolidated financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments believed necessary to present fairly the financial condition and results of operations of the Corporation for the periods presented. Operating results for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2012.
Use of Estimates
Management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying footnotes. Estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change include the determination of the allowance for loan losses, expected cash flows from acquired loans, fair value amounts related to business combinations, pension expense, income taxes, goodwill impairment and those assets that require fair value measurement. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
Originated Loans
Originated loans include all of the Corporation’s portfolio loans, excluding loans acquired in the acquisition of O.A.K. Financial Corporation (OAK) on April 30, 2010. Originated loans are stated at their principal amount outstanding, net of unearned income, charge-offs and unamortized deferred fees and costs. Loan interest income is recognized on the accrual basis. Deferred loan fees and costs are amortized over the loan term on the level-yield method. Net loan commitment fees are deferred and amortized into fee income on a straight-line basis over the commitment period.
The past due status of a loan is based on the loan’s contractual terms. A loan is placed in nonaccrual status when principal or interest is past due 90 days or more (except for a loan that is secured by residential real estate, which is transferred at 120 days past due), unless the loan is both well-secured and in the process of collection, or earlier when, in the opinion of management, there is sufficient reason to doubt the collectibility of principal or interest. Interest previously accrued, but not collected, is reversed and charged against interest income at the time the loan is placed in nonaccrual status. Subsequent receipts of interest while a loan is in nonaccrual are recorded as a reduction of principal. Loans are returned to accrual status when principal and interest payments are brought current, payments have been received consistently for a period of time (generally six months) and collectibility is no longer in doubt.
Loans Acquired in a Business Combination
Loans acquired in a business combination (acquired loans) consist of loans acquired in the acquisition of OAK. Acquired loans were recorded at fair value at the date of acquisition, without a carryover of the associated allowance for loan losses related to these loans, through a fair value discount that was, in part, attributable to deterioration in credit quality. The estimate of expected credit losses was determined based on due diligence performed by executive and senior officers of the Corporation, with assistance from third-party consultants. The fair value discount was recorded as a reduction of the acquired loans’ outstanding principal balances in the consolidated statement of financial position at the acquisition date.
Those loans that qualify under Accounting Standards Codifications (ASC) Topic 310-30, Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality (ASC 310-30), are recorded at fair value at acquisition. The calculation of the fair value of the acquired loans entails estimating the amount and timing of both principal and interest cash flows expected to be collected on such loans and then discounting those cash flows at market interest rates. The excess of a loan’s expected cash flows at the acquisition date over its estimated fair value is referred to as the “accretable yield,” which is recognized into interest income over the remaining life of the loan on a level-yield basis. The difference between a loan’s contractually required principal and interest payments at the acquisition date and the cash flows expected to be collected at the acquisition date is referred to as the “nonaccretable difference,” which includes an estimate of future credit losses expected to be incurred over the life of the loan and interest payments that are not expected to be collected. Decreases to the expected cash flows in subsequent periods will require the Corporation to record a provision for loan losses. Improvements in expected cash flows in subsequent periods will result in reversing a portion of the nonaccretable difference, which is then classified as part of the accretable yield and subsequently recognized into interest income over the remaining life of the loan.
The Corporation must make numerous assumptions, interpretations and judgments using internal and third-party credit quality information to determine whether it is probable that the Corporation will be able to collect all contractually required payments. This is a point in time assessment and inherently subjective due to the nature of the available information and judgment involved. Evidence of credit quality deterioration as of the purchase date may include credit metrics such as past due and nonaccrual status, deterioration in borrower credit scores and negative changes in loan-to-value percentages.
ASC 310-30 allows investors to aggregate loans acquired into loan pools that have common risk characteristics and thereby use a composite interest rate and expectation of cash flows expected to be collected for the loan pools. Under the provisions of ASC 310-30, the Corporation aggregated acquired loans into 14 pools based upon common risk characteristics, including types of loans, commercial type loans with similar risk grades and whether loans were performing or nonperforming. A pool is considered a single unit of accounting for the purposes of applying the guidance as described above. A loan will be removed from a pool of acquired loans only if the loan is sold, foreclosed, paid off or written off, and will be removed from the pool at the carrying value. If an individual loan is removed from a pool of loans, the difference between its relative carrying amount and the cash, fair value of the collateral, or other assets received would not affect the effective yield used to recognize the accretable difference on the remaining pool. The Corporation estimated the cash flows expected to be collected over the life of the pools of loans at acquisition, and estimates expected cash flows quarterly thereafter, based on a set of assumptions including expectations as to default rates, prepayment rates and loss severities.
Loans Modified Under Troubled Debt Restructurings
Loans modified under troubled debt restructurings (TDRs) involve granting a concession to a borrower who is experiencing financial difficulty. Concessions generally include modifications to original loan terms, including changes to a loan’s payment schedule or interest rate, which generally would not otherwise be considered. The Corporation’s loans reported as TDRs consist of originated loans that continue to accrue interest at the loan’s original effective interest rate as the Corporation expects to collect the remaining principal and interest on the loan. The interest income recognized on TDRs may include accretion of an identified impairment at the time of modification which is attributable to a temporary reduction in the borrower’s interest rate. At the time of modification, a TDR is reported as a nonperforming loan (nonperforming TDR) until a six-month payment history of principal and interest payments, in accordance with the terms of the loan modification, is sustained, at which time the Corporation moves the loan to a performing status (performing TDR). All TDRs are accounted for as impaired loans and are included in the Corporation’s analysis of the allowance for loan losses. The Corporation’s loans reported as TDRs do not include loans that are in a nonaccrual status that have been modified by the Corporation due to the borrower experiencing financial difficulty and for which a concession has been granted, as the Corporation does not expect to collect the full amount of principal and interest owed from the borrower on these modified loans.
Loans in the Corporation’s commercial loan portfolio (comprised of commercial, real estate commercial, real estate construction and land development loans) that meet the definition of a TDR generally consist of loans where the Corporation has allowed borrowers to defer scheduled principal payments and make interest-only payments for a specified period of time at the stated interest rate of the original loan agreement or reduce payments due to an extension of the loan’s contractual term. The Corporation does not expect to incur a loss on these loans based on its assessment of the borrowers’ expected cash flows, and accordingly, no additional provision for loan losses has been recognized related to these loans. Since no loss is expected to be incurred on these loans, the loans accrue interest at the loan’s contractual interest rate. These loans are individually evaluated for impairment and transferred to nonaccrual status if it is probable that any remaining principal and interest payments due on the loans will not be collected in accordance with the modified terms of the loans.
Loans in the Corporation’s consumer loan portfolio (comprised of real estate residential, consumer installment and home equity loans) that meet the definition of a TDR generally consist of loans where the Corporation has reduced a borrower’s monthly payments by decreasing the interest rate charged on the loan for a specified period of time (generally 24 months). The Corporation recognizes an additional provision for loan losses related to impairment on these loans on an individual basis based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s original effective interest rate. These loans accrue interest at the loan’s effective interest rate, which consists of contractual interest in addition to an adjustment for accretion of the computed impairment. These loans are moved to nonaccrual status if they become 90 days past due as to principal or interest, or sooner if conditions warrant.
Impaired Loans
A loan is defined to be impaired when it is probable that payment of principal and interest will not be made in accordance with the original contractual terms of the loan agreement. Impaired loans include all classes of nonaccrual loans, all TDRs (nonperforming and performing) and acquired loans that were not performing in accordance with original contractual terms. Impaired loans are accounted for at the lower of the present value of expected cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or the estimated fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. When the present value of expected cash flows or the fair value of collateral of an impaired loan is less than the amount of unpaid principal outstanding on the loan, the principal balance of the loan is reduced to its carrying value through either an allocation of the allowance for loan losses or a partial charge-off of the loan balance.
Nonperforming Loans
Nonperforming loans are comprised of loans for which the accrual of interest has been discontinued (nonaccrual loans), accruing originated loans contractually past due 90 days or more as to interest or principal payments and nonperforming TDRs.
Allowance for Loan Losses
The allowance for loan losses (allowance) is presented as a reserve against loans. The allowance represents management’s assessment of probable loan losses inherent in the Corporation’s loan portfolio.
Management’s evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance is based on a continuing review of the loan portfolio, actual loan loss experience, the underlying value of the collateral, risk characteristics of the loan portfolio, the level and composition of nonperforming loans, the financial condition of the borrowers, the balance of the loan portfolio, loan growth, economic conditions, employment levels in the Corporation’s local markets, and special factors affecting specific business sectors. The Corporation maintains formal policies and procedures to monitor and control credit risk. Management evaluates the allowance on a quarterly basis in an effort to ensure the level is appropriate to absorb probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio.
The allowance provides for probable losses that have been identified with specific customer relationships and for probable losses believed to be incurred in the remainder of the originated loan portfolio, but that have not been specifically identified. The Corporation utilizes its own loss experience to estimate inherent losses on loans. Internal risk ratings are assigned to each loan in the commercial loan portfolio (commercial, real estate commercial, real estate construction and land development loans) at the time of approval and are subject to subsequent periodic reviews by senior management. The Corporation performs a detailed credit quality review quarterly on all loans greater than $0.25 million that have deteriorated below certain levels of credit risk and may allocate a specific portion of the allowance to such loans based upon this review. A portion of the allowance is allocated to the remaining loans by applying projected loss ratios, based on numerous factors. Projected loss ratios incorporate factors such as recent charge-off experience, trends with respect to adversely risk-rated loans in the commercial loan portfolio, trends with respect to past due and nonaccrual loans, changes in economic conditions and trends, changes in the value of underlying collateral and other credit risk factors. This evaluation involves a high degree of uncertainty.
In determining the allowance and the related provision for loan losses, the Corporation considers four principal elements: (i) valuation allowances based upon probable losses identified during the review of impaired loans in the commercial loan portfolio, (ii) allocations established for adversely-rated loans in the commercial loan portfolio and nonaccrual real estate residential, consumer installment and home equity loans, (iii) allocations, by loan classes, on all other loans based principally on a five-year historical loan loss experience and loan loss trends and (iv) an unallocated allowance based on the imprecision in the overall allowance methodology for loans collectively evaluated for impairment.
Although the Corporation allocates portions of the allowance to specific loans and loan types, the entire allowance attributable to originated loans is available for any loan losses that occur in the originated portfolio. Loans that are deemed not collectible are charged off and reduce the allowance. The provision for loan losses and recoveries on loans previously charged off increase the allowance. Collection efforts may continue and recoveries may occur after a loan is charged off.
Acquired loans are aggregated into pools based upon common risk characteristics. An allowance may be recorded related to an acquired loan pool if it experiences a decrease in expected cash flows, as compared to those projected at the acquisition date. On a quarterly basis, the expected future cash flow of each pool is estimated based on various factors, including changes in property values of collateral dependent loans, default rates, loss severities and prepayment speeds. Decreases in estimates of expected cash flows within a pool generally result in a charge to the provision for loan losses and a corresponding increase in the allowance allocated to acquired loans for the particular pool. Increases in estimates of expected cash flows within a pool generally result in a reduction in the allowance allocated to acquired loans for the particular pool, if applicable, and then an adjustment to the accretable yield for the pool, which will increase amounts recognized in interest income in subsequent periods.
Various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the allowance. Such agencies may require additions to the allowance, based on their judgment, reflecting information available to them at the time of their examinations.
Fair Value Measurements
Fair value for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring or nonrecurring basis refers to the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants in the market in which the reporting entity transacts such sales or transfers based on the assumptions market participants would use when pricing an asset or liability. Assumptions are developed based on prioritizing information within a fair value hierarchy that gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets and the lowest priority to unobservable data, such as the reporting entity’s own data.
The Corporation may choose to measure eligible items at fair value at specified election dates. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value measurement option has been elected are reported in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. The fair value option (i) may be applied instrument by instrument, with certain exceptions, allowing the Corporation to record identical financial assets and liabilities at fair value or by another measurement basis permitted under GAAP, (ii) is irrevocable (unless a new election date occurs) and (iii) is applied only to entire instruments and not to portions of instruments. At September 30, 2012, the Corporation elected the fair value option on all of its loans held-for-sale. The Corporation elected the fair value option for all residential mortgage loans held-for-sale originated on or after July 1, 2012. This election allows for a more effective offset of the changes in the fair value of loans held-for-sale and the derivative instruments used to economically hedge them without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. The Corporation had not elected the fair value option for any financial assets or liabilities at December 31, 2011 or September 30, 2011.
Share-Based Compensation
The Corporation grants stock options, stock awards, restricted stock performance units and time restricted stock units to certain executive and senior management employees. The Corporation accounts for share-based compensation expense using the modified-prospective transition method. Under that method, compensation expense is recognized for stock options based on the estimated grant date fair value as computed using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the probability of issuance. The Corporation accounts for stock awards based on the closing stock price of the Corporation’s common stock on the date of the award. The fair value of stock options and stock awards is recognized as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The Corporation accounts for restricted stock performance units based on the closing stock price of the Corporation’s common stock on the date of grant, discounted by the present value of estimated future dividends to be declared over the requisite performance or service period. The fair value of restricted stock performance units is recognized as compensation expense over the expected requisite performance period, or requisite service period for awards with multiple performance and service conditions. The Corporation accounts for time restricted stock units based on the closing stock price of the Corporation’s common stock on the date of grant, as these awards accrue dividend equivalents equal to the amount of any cash dividend that would have been payable to a shareholder owning the number of shares of the Corporation’s common stock represented by the time restricted stock units. The fair value of the time restricted stock units is recognized as compensation expense over the requisite service period.
Cash flows realized from the tax benefits of exercised stock option awards that result from actual tax deductions that are in excess of the recorded tax benefits related to the compensation expense recognized for those options (excess tax benefits) are classified as financing activities on the consolidated statements of cash flows.
Income and Other Taxes
The Corporation is subject to the income and other tax laws of the United States, the State of Michigan and other states where nexus has been created. These laws are complex and are subject to different interpretations by the taxpayer and the various taxing authorities. In determining the provision for income and other taxes, management must make judgments and estimates about the application of these inherently complex laws, related regulations and case law. In the process of preparing the Corporation’s tax returns, management attempts to make reasonable interpretations of enacted tax laws. These interpretations are subject to challenge by the tax authorities upon audit or to reinterpretation based on management’s ongoing assessment of facts and evolving case law.
On a quarterly basis, management assesses the reasonableness of its effective federal tax rate based upon its current best estimate of taxable income and the applicable taxes expected for the full year. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are reassessed on an annual basis, or sooner, if business events or circumstances warrant. Management also assesses the need for a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis using information about the Corporation’s current and historical financial position and results of operations.
Uncertain income tax positions are evaluated to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination based on the technical merits of the tax position. If a tax position is more-likely-than-not to be sustained, a tax benefit is recognized for the amount that is greater than 50% likely to be realized. Reserves for contingent tax liabilities attributable to unrecognized tax benefits associated with uncertain tax positions are reviewed quarterly for adequacy based upon developments in tax law and the status of audits or examinations. The Corporation had no contingent income tax liabilities recorded at September 30, 2012December 31, 2011 or September 30, 2011. The tax periods open to examination by the Internal Revenue Service include the calendar years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009.
Shareholders’ Equity
Common Stock Repurchase Programs
From time to time, the board of directors approves common stock repurchase programs allowing management to repurchase shares of the Corporation’s common stock in the open market. The repurchased shares are available for later reissuance in connection with potential future stock dividends, the Corporation’s dividend reinvestment plan, employee benefit plans and other general corporate purposes. Under these programs, the timing and actual number of shares subject to repurchase are at the discretion of management and are contingent on a number of factors, including the projected parent company cash flow requirements and the Corporation’s market price per share.
In January 2008, the board of directors of the Corporation authorized the repurchase of up to 500,000 shares of the Corporation’s common stock under a stock repurchase program. In November 2011, the board of directors of the Corporation reaffirmed the stock buy-back authorization with the qualification that the shares may only be repurchased if the share price is below the tangible book value per share of the Corporation’s common stock at the time of the repurchase. Since the January 2008 authorization, no shares have been repurchased. At September 30, 2012, there were 500,000 remaining shares available for repurchase under the Corporation’s stock repurchase programs.
Preferred Stock
On April 20, 2009, the shareholders of the Corporation authorized the board of directors of the Corporation to issue up to 200,000 shares of preferred stock in connection with either an acquisition by the Corporation of an entity that has shares of preferred stock issued and outstanding pursuant to any program established by the United States government or participation by the Corporation in any program established by the United States government. At September 30, 2012, no shares of preferred stock were issued and outstanding.
Legal Matters
The Corporation and Chemical Bank are subject to certain legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, after consultation with legal counsel, the ultimate disposition of these matters is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial condition or results of operations of the Corporation.

Note 2: Acquisitions
Pending Branch Acquisition
On May 23, 2012, Chemical Bank, the wholly-owned banking subsidiary of the Corporation, entered into a purchase and assumption agreement with Independent Bank, a wholly-owned banking subsidiary of Independent Bank Corporation, to acquire 21 branches located in the Northeastern and Battle Creek regions of Michigan. Under the terms of the agreement, Chemical Bank will assume approximately $420 million in customer deposits at a blended premium of approximately 2.93%, acquire approximately $50 million of loans at a discount of 1.75%, and recognize goodwill of approximately $7 million. The branch acquisition, which has received regulatory approval, is expected to close during the fourth quarter of 2012.
Acquisition of O.A.K. Financial Corporation (OAK)
On April 30, 2010, the Corporation acquired OAK for total consideration of $83.7 million. OAK, a bank holding company, owned Byron Bank, which provided traditional banking services and products through 14 banking offices serving communities in Ottawa, Allegan and Kent counties in west Michigan. Byron Bank was consolidated with and into Chemical Bank on July 23, 2010. At the acquisition date, OAK had total assets of $820 million, including total loans of $627 million, and total deposits of $693 million, including brokered deposits of $193 million.
Upon acquisition, the OAK loan portfolio had contractually required principal and interest payments receivable of $683 million and $97 million, respectively, expected principal and interest cash flows of $636 million and $88 million, respectively, and a fair value of $627 million. The difference between the contractually required payments receivable and the expected cash flows represents the nonaccretable difference, which totaled $56 million at the acquisition date, with $47 million attributable to expected credit losses. The difference between the expected cash flows and fair value represents the accretable yield, which totaled $97 million at the acquisition date. The outstanding contractual principal balance and the carrying amount of the acquired loan portfolio were $440 million and $413 million, respectively, at September 30, 2012, compared to $530 million and $493 million, respectively, at December 31, 2011 and $534 million and $495 million, respectively, at September 30, 2011.
Activity for the accretable yield, which includes contractually due interest, of acquired loans follows:
 
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
(In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period
 
$
43,359

 
$
72,863

Additions
 

 

Reductions
 

 

Accretion recognized in interest income
 
(18,481
)
 
(24,549
)
Reclassification from (to) nonaccretable difference
 

 
300

Balance at end of period
 
$
24,878

 
$
48,614


Note 3: Investment Securities
The following is a summary of the amortized cost and fair value of investment securities available-for-sale and investment securities held-to-maturity at September 30, 2012December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011:
 
 
Investment Securities Available-for-Sale
 
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Unrealized
Gains
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
 
(In thousands)
September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Government sponsored agencies
 
$
101,576

 
$
182

 
$
266

 
$
101,492

State and political subdivisions
 
49,707

 
2,538

 
7

 
52,238

Residential mortgage-backed securities
 
101,709

 
3,543

 
16

 
105,236

Collateralized mortgage obligations
 
297,960

 
1,392

 
274

 
299,078

Corporate bonds
 
82,219

 
509

 
622

 
82,106

Preferred stock
 
6,144

 
284

 

 
6,428

Total
 
$
639,315

 
$
8,448

 
$
1,185

 
$
646,578

December 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Government sponsored agencies
 
$
70,486

 
$
240

 
$
47

 
$
70,679

State and political subdivisions
 
42,881

 
2,354

 

 
45,235

Residential mortgage-backed securities
 
117,198

 
3,883

 
301

 
120,780

Collateralized mortgage obligations
 
332,632

 
600

 
832

 
332,400

Corporate bonds
 
97,558

 
45

 
835

 
96,768

Preferred stock
 
1,389

 
46

 
21

 
1,414

Total
 
$
662,144

 
$
7,168

 
$
2,036

 
$
667,276

September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Government sponsored agencies
 
$
74,381

 
$
241

 
$
61

 
$
74,561

State and political subdivisions
 
43,647

 
1,817

 

 
45,464

Residential mortgage-backed securities
 
125,400

 
3,910

 
446

 
128,864

Collateralized mortgage obligations
 
295,347

 
1,029

 
444

 
295,932

Corporate bonds
 
64,828

 
35

 
679

 
64,184

Preferred stock
 
1,389

 
99

 

 
1,488

Total
 
$
604,992

 
$
7,131

 
$
1,630

 
$
610,493


 
 
Investment Securities Held-to-Maturity
 
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Unrealized
Gains
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
 
(In thousands)
September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
State and political subdivisions
 
$
211,036

 
$
8,661

 
$
1,712

 
$
217,985

Trust preferred securities
 
10,500

 

 
5,300

 
5,200

Total
 
$
221,536

 
$
8,661

 
$
7,012

 
$
223,185

December 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
State and political subdivisions
 
$
172,839

 
$
6,807

 
$
342

 
$
179,304

Trust preferred securities
 
10,500

 

 
6,035

 
4,465

Total
 
$
183,339

 
$
6,807

 
$
6,377

 
$
183,769

September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
State and political subdivisions
 
$
175,932

 
$
5,635

 
$
1,008

 
$
180,559

Trust preferred securities
 
10,500

 

 
6,035

 
4,465

Total
 
$
186,432

 
$
5,635

 
$
7,043

 
$
185,024

The majority of the Corporation’s residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations are backed by a U.S. government agency (Government National Mortgage Association) or a government sponsored enterprise (Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation or Federal National Mortgage Association).
At September 30, 2012, the Corporation held $10.5 million of trust preferred investment securities that were recorded as held-to-maturity, with $10.0 million of these securities representing a 100% interest in a trust preferred investment security of a non-public bank holding company in Michigan that has been assessed by the Corporation as financially strong. The remaining $0.5 million represents a 10% interest in another trust preferred investment security of a non-public bank holding company located in Michigan that was categorized as well-capitalized under regulatory guidelines.
At September 30, 2012, it was the Corporation’s opinion that the market for trust preferred investment securities was not active, and thus, in accordance with GAAP, when there is a significant decrease in the volume and activity for an asset or liability in relation to normal market activity, adjustments to transaction or quoted prices may be necessary or a change in valuation technique or multiple valuation techniques may be appropriate. The fair values of the trust preferred investment securities were based upon a calculation of discounted cash flows. The cash flows were discounted based upon both observable inputs and appropriate risk adjustments that market participants would make for nonperformance, illiquidity and issuer specifics. An independent third party provided the Corporation with observable inputs based on the existing market and insight into appropriate rate of return adjustments that market participants would require for the additional risk associated with a single issue investment security of this nature. Using a model that incorporated the average current yield of publicly traded performing trust preferred securities of large financial institutions with no known material financial difficulties at September 30, 2012, and adjusted for both illiquidity and the specific characteristics of the issuer, such as size, leverage position and location, the Corporation calculated an implied yield of 50% on its $10.0 million trust preferred investment security and 40% for its $0.5 million trust preferred investment security. Based upon these implied yields, the fair values of the trust preferred investment securities at September 30, 2012 were calculated by the Corporation at $5.0 million and $0.2 million, respectively, resulting in a combined unrealized loss of $5.3 million at that date. At September 30, 2012, the Corporation concluded that the $5.3 million of combined unrealized loss on the trust preferred investment securities was temporary in nature.
 
The following is a summary of the amortized cost and fair value of investment securities at September 30, 2012, by maturity, for both available-for-sale and held-to-maturity investment securities. The maturities of residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations are based on scheduled principal payments. The maturities of all other debt securities are based on final contractual maturity.
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair Value
 
 
(In thousands)
Investment Securities Available-for-Sale:
 
 
 
 
Due in one year or less
 
$
171,593

 
$
173,000

Due after one year through five years
 
326,357

 
328,800

Due after five years through ten years
 
66,831

 
69,093

Due after ten years
 
68,390

 
69,257

Preferred stock
 
6,144

 
6,428

Total
 
$
639,315

 
$
646,578

Investment Securities Held-to-Maturity:
 
 
 
 
Due in one year or less
 
$
38,910

 
$
41,225

Due after one year through five years
 
94,392

 
96,740

Due after five years through ten years
 
57,290

 
59,023

Due after ten years
 
30,944

 
26,197

Total
 
$
221,536

 
$
223,185

The following schedule summarizes information for both available-for-sale and held-to-maturity investment securities with gross unrealized losses at September 30, 2012December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011, aggregated by category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position.
 
 
Less Than 12 Months
 
12 Months or More
 
Total
 
 
Fair
Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
 
(In thousands)
September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Government sponsored agencies
 
$
39,729

 
$
248

 
$
8,808

 
$
18

 
$
48,537

 
$
266

State and political subdivisions
 
69,841

 
1,711

 
1,533

 
8

 
71,374

 
1,719

Residential mortgage-backed securities
 
32

 
1

 
19,704

 
15

 
19,736

 
16

Collateralized mortgage obligations
 
12,036

 
45

 
47,066

 
229

 
59,102

 
274

Corporate bonds
 
19,469

 
531

 
24,900

 
91

 
44,369

 
622

Trust preferred securities
 

 

 
5,200

 
5,300

 
5,200

 
5,300

Total
 
$
141,107


$
2,536

 
$
107,211

 
$
5,661

 
$
248,318

 
$
8,197

December 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Government sponsored agencies
 
$
9,883

 
$
36

 
$
9,632

 
$
11

 
$
19,515

 
$
47

State and political subdivisions
 

 

 
31,706

 
342

 
31,706

 
342

Residential mortgage-backed securities
 
27,367

 
152

 
19,018

 
149

 
46,385

 
301

Collateralized mortgage obligations
 
200,218

 
703

 
18,176

 
129

 
218,394

 
832

Corporate bonds
 
50,590

 
415

 
14,580

 
420

 
65,170

 
835

Trust preferred securities
 

 

 
4,465

 
6,035

 
4,465

 
6,035

Preferred stock
 

 

 
319

 
21

 
319

 
21

Total
 
$
288,058

 
$
1,306

 
$
97,896

 
$
7,107

 
$
385,954

 
$
8,413

September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Government sponsored agencies
 
$
28,763

 
$
59

 
$
2,753

 
$
2

 
$
31,516

 
$
61

State and political subdivisions
 
38,661

 
874

 
7,544

 
134

 
46,205

 
1,008

Residential mortgage-backed securities
 
29,560

 
343

 
19,206

 
103

 
48,766

 
446

Collateralized mortgage obligations
 
108,302

 
367

 
16,164

 
77

 
124,466

 
444

Corporate bonds
 
37,658

 
648

 
2,467

 
31

 
40,125

 
679

Trust preferred securities
 

 

 
4,465

 
6,035

 
4,465

 
6,035

Total
 
$
242,944

 
$
2,291

 
$
52,599

 
$
6,382

 
$
295,543

 
$
8,673


An assessment is performed quarterly by the Corporation to determine whether unrealized losses in its investment securities portfolio are temporary or other-than-temporary by carefully considering all available information. The Corporation reviews factors such as financial statements, credit ratings, news releases and other pertinent information of the underlying issuer or company to make its determination. Management did not believe any individual unrealized loss on any investment security, as of September 30, 2012, represented an other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI). Management believed that the unrealized losses on investment securities at September 30, 2012 were temporary in nature and due primarily to changes in interest rates, increased credit spreads and reduced market liquidity and not as a result of credit-related issues. Unrealized losses of $5.3 million in the trust preferred securities portfolio, related to trust preferred securities of two well-capitalized bank holding companies in Michigan, were attributable to illiquidity in certain financial markets. The Corporation performed an analysis of the creditworthiness of these issuers and concluded that, at September 30, 2012, the Corporation expected to recover the entire amortized cost basis of these investment securities.
At September 30, 2012, the Corporation did not have the intent to sell any of its impaired investment securities and believed that it was more-likely-than-not that the Corporation will not have to sell any such investment securities before a full recovery of amortized cost. Accordingly, at September 30, 2012, the Corporation believed the impairments in its investment securities portfolio were temporary in nature. However, there is no assurance that OTTI may not occur in the future.


5

Table of Contents
Chemical Financial Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
September 30, 2012


Note 4: Loans
Loan portfolio segments are defined as the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic methodology to determine its allowance. The Corporation has two loan portfolio segments (commercial loans and consumer loans) which it uses in determining the allowance. Both quantitative and qualitative factors are used by management at the loan portfolio segment level in determining the adequacy of the allowance for the Corporation. Classes of loans are a disaggregation of an entity’s loan portfolio segments. Classes of loans are defined as a group of loans which share similar initial measurement attributes, risk characteristics, and methods for monitoring and assessing credit risk. The Corporation has seven classes of loans, which are set forth below.
Commercial — Loans and lines of credit to varying types of businesses, including municipalities, school districts and nonprofit organizations, for the purpose of supporting working capital, operational needs and term financing of equipment. Repayment of such loans is generally provided through operating cash flows of the business. Commercial loans are predominately secured by equipment, inventory, accounts receivable, personal guarantees of the owner and other sources of repayment, although the Corporation may also secure commercial loans with real estate.
Real estate commercial — Loans secured by real estate occupied by the borrower for ongoing operations, non-owner occupied real estate leased to one or more tenants and vacant land that has been acquired for investment or future land development.
Real estate construction — Secured loans for the construction of business properties. Real estate construction loans often convert to a real estate commercial loan at the completion of the construction period.
Land development — Secured development loans made to borrowers for the purpose of infrastructure improvements to vacant land to create finished marketable residential and commercial lots/land. Most land development loans are originated with the intention that the loans will be paid through the sale of developed lots/land by the developers within twelve months of the completion date. Land development loans at September 30, 2012 were primarily comprised of loans to develop residential properties.
Real estate residential — Loans secured by one- to four-family residential properties generally with fixed interest rates of fifteen years or less. The loan-to-value ratio at the time of origination is generally 80% or less. Real estate residential loans with a loan-to-value ratio of more than 80% generally require private mortgage insurance.
Consumer installment — Loans to consumers primarily for the purpose of acquiring automobiles, recreational vehicles and boats. These loans consist of relatively small amounts that are spread across many individual borrowers.
Home equity — Loans and lines of credit whereby consumers utilize equity in their personal residence, generally through a second mortgage, as collateral to secure the loan.

Commercial, real estate commercial, real estate construction and land development loans are referred to as the Corporation’s commercial loan portfolio, while real estate residential, consumer installment and home equity loans are referred to as the Corporation’s consumer loan portfolio. A summary of loans follows:
 
 
September 30,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
 
September 30,
2011
 
 
(In thousands)
Commercial loan portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
$
951,938

 
$
895,150

 
$
858,969

Real estate commercial
 
1,117,073

 
1,071,999

 
1,056,092

Real estate construction
 
56,071

 
73,355

 
72,851

Land development
 
34,811

 
44,821

 
46,978

Subtotal
 
2,159,893

 
2,085,325

 
2,034,890

Consumer loan portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate residential
 
880,295

 
861,716

 
840,044

Consumer installment
 
538,412

 
484,058

 
526,573

Home equity
 
440,559

 
400,186

 
358,919

Subtotal
 
1,859,266

 
1,745,960

 
1,725,536

Total loans
 
$
4,019,159

 
$
3,831,285

 
$
3,760,426


6

Table of Contents
Chemical Financial Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
September 30, 2012


Credit Quality Monitoring
The Corporation maintains loan policies and credit underwriting standards as part of the process of managing credit risk. These standards include making loans generally only within the Corporation’s market areas. The Corporation’s lending markets generally consist of communities across the middle to southern and western sections of the lower peninsula of Michigan. The Corporation’s lending market areas do not include the southeastern portion of Michigan. The Corporation has no foreign loans.
The Corporation has a commercial loan portfolio approval process involving underwriting and individual and group loan approval authorities to consider credit quality and loss exposure at loan origination. The loans in the Corporation’s commercial loan portfolio are risk rated at origination based on the grading system set forth below. The approval authority of relationship managers is established based on experience levels, with credit decisions greater than $1.0 million requiring group loan authority approval, except for four executive and senior officers who have varying limits exceeding $1.5 million and up to $3.5 million. With respect to the group loan authorities, the Corporation has a loan committee, consisting of certain executive and senior officers, that meets weekly to consider loans ranging in amounts from $1.0 million to $5.0 million, depending on risk rating and credit action required. A directors’ loan committee, consisting of ten members of the board of directors, including the chief executive officer, and the senior credit officer, meets bi-weekly to consider loans in amounts over $5.0 million, and certain loans under $5.0 million depending on a loan’s risk rating and credit action required. Loans over $10.0 million also require the approval of the board of directors.
The majority of the Corporation’s consumer loan portfolio is comprised of secured loans that are relatively small. The Corporation’s consumer loan portfolio has a centralized approval process that utilizes standardized underwriting criteria. The ongoing measurement of credit quality of the consumer loan portfolio is largely done on an exception basis. If payments are made on schedule, as agreed, then no further monitoring is performed. However, if delinquency occurs, the delinquent loans are turned over to the Corporation’s collection department for resolution, resulting in repossession or foreclosure if payments are not brought current. Credit quality for the entire consumer loan portfolio is measured by the periodic delinquency rate, nonaccrual amounts and actual losses incurred.
Loans in the commercial loan portfolio tend to be larger and more complex than those in the consumer loan portfolio, and therefore, are subject to more intensive monitoring. All loans in the commercial loan portfolio have an assigned relationship manager, and most borrowers provide periodic financial and operating information that allows the relationship managers to stay abreast of credit quality during the life of the loans. The risk ratings of loans in the commercial loan portfolio are reassessed at least annually, with loans below an acceptable risk rating reassessed more frequently and reviewed by various loan committees within the Corporation at least quarterly.
The Corporation maintains a centralized independent loan review function that monitors the approval process and ongoing asset quality of the loan portfolio, including the accuracy of loan grades. The Corporation also maintains an independent appraisal review function that participates in the review of all appraisals obtained by the Corporation for loans in the commercial loan portfolio.
 

7

Table of Contents
Chemical Financial Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
September 30, 2012


Credit Quality Indicators
The Corporation uses a nine grade risk rating system to monitor the ongoing credit quality of its commercial loan portfolio. These loan grades rank the credit quality of a borrower by measuring liquidity, debt capacity, coverage and payment behavior as shown in the borrower’s financial statements. The loan grades also measure the quality of the borrower’s management and the repayment support offered by any guarantors. A summary of the Corporation’s loan grades (or, characteristics of the loans within each grade) follows:
Risk Grades 1-5 (Acceptable Credit Quality) — All loans in risk grades 1 through 5 are considered to be acceptable credit risks by the Corporation and are grouped for purposes of allowance for loan loss considerations and financial reporting. The five grades essentially represent a ranking of loans that are all viewed to be of acceptable credit quality, taking into consideration the various factors mentioned above, but with varying degrees of financial strength, debt coverage, management and factors that could impact credit quality. Business credits within risk grades 1 through 5 range from Risk Grade 1: Prime Quality (factors include: excellent business credit; excellent debt capacity and coverage; outstanding management; strong guarantors; superior liquidity and net worth; favorable loan-to-value ratios; debt secured by cash or equivalents, or backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government) to Risk Grade 5: Acceptable Quality With Care (factors include: acceptable business credit, but with added risk due to specific industry or internal situations).
Risk Grade 6 (Watch) — A business credit that is not acceptable within the Corporation’s loan origination criteria; cash flow may not be adequate or is continually inconsistent to service current debt; financial condition has deteriorated as company trends/management have become inconsistent; the company is slow in furnishing quality financial information; working capital needs of the company are reliant on short-term borrowings; personal guarantees are weak and/or with little or no liquidity; the net worth of the company has deteriorated after recent or continued losses; the loan requires constant monitoring and attention from the Corporation; payment delinquencies becoming more serious; if left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may, at some future date, result in deterioration of repayment prospects.
Risk Grade 7 (Substandard — Accrual) — A business credit that is inadequately protected by the current financial net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any; management has deteriorated or has become non-existent; quality financial information is not available; a high level of maintenance is required by the Corporation; cash flow can no longer support debt requirements; loan payments are continually and/or severely delinquent; negative net worth; personal guaranty has become insignificant; a credit that has a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. The Corporation still expects a full recovery of all contractual principal and interest payments; however, a possibility exists that the Corporation will sustain some loss if deficiencies are not corrected.
Risk Grade 8 (Substandard — Nonaccrual) — A business credit accounted for on a nonaccrual basis that has all the weaknesses inherent in a loan classified as risk grade 7 with the added characteristic that the weaknesses are so pronounced that, on the basis of current financial information, conditions, and values, collection in full is highly questionable; a partial loss is possible and interest is no longer being accrued. This loan meets the definition of an impaired loan. The risk of loss requires analysis to determine whether a valuation allowance needs to be established.
Risk Grade 9 (Substandard — Doubtful) — A business credit that has all the weaknesses inherent in a loan classified as risk grade 8 and interest is no longer being accrued, but additional deficiencies make it highly probable that liquidation will not satisfy the majority of the obligation; the primary source of repayment is nonexistent and there is doubt as to the value of the secondary source of repayment; the possibility of loss is likely, but current pending factors could strengthen the credit. This loan meets the definition of an impaired loan. A loan charge-off is recorded when management deems an amount uncollectible; however, the Corporation will establish a valuation allowance for probable losses, if required.
The Corporation considers all loans graded 1 through 5 as acceptable credit risks and structures and manages such relationships accordingly. Periodic financial and operating data combined with regular loan officer interactions are deemed adequate to monitor borrower performance. Loans with risk grades of 6 and 7 are considered higher-risk credits than loans graded 1 through 5 and the frequency of loan officer contact and receipt of financial data is increased to stay abreast of borrower performance. Loans with risk grades of 8 and 9 are considered problematic and require special care. Further, loans with risk grades of 6 through 9 are managed and monitored regularly through a number of processes, procedures and committees, including oversight by a loan administration committee comprised of executive and senior management of the Corporation, which includes highly structured reporting of financial and operating data, intensive loan officer intervention and strategies to exit, as well as potential management by the Corporation’s special assets group.
 

8

Table of Contents
Chemical Financial Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
September 30, 2012


The following schedule presents the recorded investment of loans in the commercial loan portfolio by risk rating categories at September 30, 2012December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011:
 
 
Commercial
 
Real Estate
Commercial
 
Real Estate
Construction
 
Land
Development
 
Total
 
 
(In thousands)
September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Originated Portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risk Grades 1-5
 
$
772,555

 
$
793,237

 
$
37,346

 
$
12,348

 
$
1,615,486

Risk Grade 6
 
33,819

 
38,880

 
18

 
1,092

 
73,809

Risk Grade 7
 
17,091

 
30,971

 

 
5,313

 
53,375

Risk Grade 8
 
14,790

 
38,369

 
933

 
5,731

 
59,823

Risk Grade 9
 
427

 
2,942

 

 

 
3,369

Subtotal
 
838,682

 
904,399

 
38,297

 
24,484

 
1,805,862

Acquired Portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risk Grades 1-5
 
97,308

 
192,903

 
17,774

 
7,556

 
315,541

Risk Grade 6
 
10,899

 
7,006

 

 

 
17,905

Risk Grade 7
 
2,107

 
11,672

 

 

 
13,779

Risk Grade 8
 
2,942

 
1,093

 

 
2,771

 
6,806

Risk Grade 9
 

 

 

 

 

Subtotal
 
113,256

 
212,674

 
17,774

 
10,327

 
354,031

Total
 
$
951,938

 
$
1,117,073

 
$
56,071

 
$
34,811

 
$
2,159,893

December 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Originated Portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risk Grades 1-5
 
$
706,040

 
$
692,193

 
$
54,029

 
$
14,791

 
$
1,467,053

Risk Grade 6
 
20,531

 
29,788

 
287

 
6,874

 
57,480

Risk Grade 7
 
26,238

 
48,648

 

 
2,400

 
77,286

Risk Grade 8
 
9,828

 
40,130

 

 
4,593

 
54,551

Risk Grade 9
 
898

 
4,308

 

 
1,597

 
6,803

Subtotal
 
763,535

 
815,067

 
54,316

 
30,255

 
1,663,173

Acquired Portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risk Grades 1-5
 
111,846

 
231,669

 
18,883

 
8,358

 
370,756

Risk Grade 6
 
9,990

 
14,346

 

 
1,277

 
25,613

Risk Grade 7
 
3,101

 
8,556

 

 
596

 
12,253

Risk Grade 8
 
6,678

 
2,361

 
156

 
4,335

 
13,530

Risk Grade 9
 

 

 

 

 

Subtotal
 
131,615

 
256,932

 
19,039

 
14,566

 
422,152

Total
 
$
895,150

 
$
1,071,999

 
$
73,355

 
$
44,821

 
$
2,085,325

September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Originated Portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risk Grades 1-5
 
$
661,237

 
$
673,659

 
$
53,044

 
$
15,762

 
$
1,403,702

Risk Grade 6
 
28,669

 
28,094

 
288

 
7,027

 
64,078

Risk Grade 7
 
26,096

 
50,709

 
52

 
851

 
77,708

Risk Grade 8
 
9,888

 
44,712

 

 
6,220

 
60,820

Risk Grade 9
 
916

 
4,142

 

 
1,657

 
6,715

Subtotal
 
726,806

 
801,316

 
53,384

 
31,517

 
1,613,023

Acquired Portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risk Grades 1-5
 
111,354

 
231,467

 
19,324

 
8,979

 
371,124

Risk Grade 6
 
6,814

 
10,504

 

 
1,446

 
18,764

Risk Grade 7
 
4,762

 
10,180

 

 
688

 
15,630

Risk Grade 8
 
9,198

 
2,625

 
143

 
4,348

 
16,314

Risk Grade 9
 
35

 

 

 

 
35

Subtotal
 
132,163

 
254,776

 
19,467

 
15,461

 
421,867

Total
 
$
858,969

 
$
1,056,092

 
$
72,851

 
$
46,978

 
$
2,034,890

 

9

Table of Contents
Chemical Financial Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
September 30, 2012


The Corporation evaluates the credit quality of loans in the consumer loan portfolio based on the performing or nonperforming status of the loan. Loans in the consumer loan portfolio that are performing in accordance with original contractual terms and are less than 90 days past due and accruing interest are considered to be in a performing status, while those that are not performing in accordance with original contractual terms and are 90 days or more past due are considered to be in a nonperforming status. Loans in the consumer loan portfolio that are reported as TDRs are considered in a nonperforming status until they meet the Corporation’s definition of a performing TDR, at which time they are considered in a performing status. The following schedule presents the recorded investment of loans in the consumer loan portfolio based on loans in a performing status and loans in a nonperforming status at September 30, 2012, December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011:
 
 
Real  Estate
Residential
 
Consumer
Installment
 
Home Equity
 
Total
Consumer
 
 
(In thousands)
September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Originated Loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Performing
 
$
849,385

 
$
535,277

 
$
395,411

 
$
1,780,073

Nonperforming
 
15,640

 
962

 
4,010

 
20,612

Subtotal
 
865,025

 
536,239

 
399,421

 
1,800,685

Acquired Loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Performing
 
14,928

 
2,173

 
40,874

 
57,975

Nonperforming
 
342

 

 
264

 
606

Subtotal
 
15,270

 
2,173

 
41,138

 
58,581

Total
 
$
880,295

 
$
538,412

 
$
440,559

 
$
1,859,266

December 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Originated Loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Performing
 
$
818,044

 
$
479,237

 
$
349,850

 
$
1,647,131

Nonperforming
 
22,708

 
1,707

 
3,783

 
28,198

Subtotal
 
840,752

 
480,944

 
353,633

 
1,675,329

Acquired Loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Performing
 
19,387

 
3,114

 
46,091

 
68,592

Nonperforming
 
1,577

 

 
462

 
2,039

Subtotal
 
20,964

 
3,114

 
46,553

 
70,631

Total
 
$
861,716

 
$
484,058

 
$
400,186

 
$
1,745,960

September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Originated Loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Performing
 
$
789,338

 
$
519,409

 
$
307,578

 
$
1,616,325

Nonperforming
 
28,329

 
2,931

 
4,446

 
35,706

Subtotal
 
817,667

 
522,340

 
312,024

 
1,652,031

Acquired Loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Performing
 
21,517

 
4,233

 
46,344

 
72,094

Nonperforming
 
860

 

 
551

 
1,411

Subtotal
 
22,377

 
4,233

 
46,895

 
73,505

Total
 
$
840,044

 
$
526,573

 
$
358,919

 
$
1,725,536

 

10

Table of Contents
Chemical Financial Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
September 30, 2012


Nonperforming Loans
A summary of nonperforming loans follows:
 
 
September 30,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
 
September 30,
2011
 
 
(In thousands)
Nonaccrual loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
$
15,217

 
$
10,726

 
$
10,804

Real estate commercial
 
41,311

 
44,438

 
48,854

Real estate construction and land development
 
6,664

 
6,190

 
7,877

Real estate residential
 
11,307

 
12,573

 
17,544

Consumer installment and home equity
 
3,825

 
4,467

 
6,033

Total nonaccrual loans
 
78,324

 
78,394

 
91,112

Accruing loans contractually past due 90 days or more as to interest or principal payments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
273

 
1,381

 
282

Real estate commercial
 
247

 
374

 
415

Real estate construction and land development
 

 
287

 

Real estate residential
 
431

 
752

 
974

Consumer installment and home equity
 
1,147

 
1,023

 
1,344

Total accruing loans contractually past due 90 days or more as to interest or principal payments
 
2,098

 
3,817

 
3,015

Nonperforming TDRs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loan portfolio
 
6,553

 
14,675

 
16,457

Consumer loan portfolio
 
3,902

 
9,383

 
9,811

Total nonperforming TDRs
 
10,455

 
24,058

 
26,268

Total nonperforming loans
 
$
90,877

 
$
106,269

 
$
120,395

The Corporation’s nonaccrual loans at September 30, 2012December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011 included $37.0 million, $41.8 million and $44.4 million, respectively, of modified loans that were not reported as TDRs.
 

11

Table of Contents
Chemical Financial Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
September 30, 2012


Impaired Loans
The following schedule presents impaired loans by classes of loans at September 30, 2012December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011:
 
 
Recorded
Investment
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Valuation
Allowance
 
 
(In thousands)
September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired loans with a valuation allowance:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
$
6,743

 
$
7,357

 
$
2,240

Real estate commercial
 
19,694

 
22,593

 
5,344

Real estate construction
 
127

 
127

 
43

Land development
 
2,800

 
2,800

 
383

Real estate residential
 
15,958

 
15,958

 
649

Subtotal
 
45,322

 
48,835

 
8,659

Impaired loans with no related valuation allowance:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
19,768

 
24,517

 

Real estate commercial
 
36,225

 
48,187

 

Real estate construction
 
806

 
806

 

Land development
 
7,723

 
10,903

 

Real estate residential
 
14,907

 
14,907

 

Consumer installment
 
876

 
876

 

Home equity
 
2,949

 
2,949

 

Subtotal
 
83,254

 
103,145

 

Total impaired loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
26,511

 
31,874

 
2,240

Real estate commercial
 
55,919

 
70,780

 
5,344

Real estate construction
 
933

 
933

 
43

Land development
 
10,523

 
13,703

 
383

Real estate residential
 
30,865

 
30,865

 
649

Consumer installment
 
876

 
876

 

Home equity
 
2,949

 
2,949

 

Total
 
$
128,576

 
$
151,980

 
$
8,659

December 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired loans with a valuation allowance:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
$
6,362

 
$
7,650

 
$
1,480

Real estate commercial
 
20,050

 
21,370

 
6,775

Land development
 
902

 
934

 
327

Real estate residential
 
25,012

 
25,012

 
704

Subtotal
 
52,326

 
54,966

 
9,286

Impaired loans with no related valuation allowance:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
19,559

 
29,349

 

Real estate commercial
 
40,953

 
54,249

 

Real estate construction
 
156

 
934

 

Land development
 
10,187

 
15,788

 

Real estate residential
 
12,573

 
12,573

 

Consumer installment
 
1,707

 
1,707

 

Home equity
 
2,760

 
2,760

 

Subtotal
 
87,895

 
117,360

 

Total impaired loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
25,921

 
36,999

 
1,480

Real estate commercial
 
61,003

 
75,619

 
6,775

Real estate construction
 
156

 
934

 

Land development
 
11,089

 
16,722

 
327

Real estate residential
 
37,585

 
37,585

 
704

Consumer installment
 
1,707

 
1,707

 

Home equity
 
2,760

 
2,760

 

Total
 
$
140,221

 
$
172,326

 
$
9,286


12

Table of Contents
Chemical Financial Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
September 30, 2012


 
 
Recorded
Investment
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Valuation
Allowance
 
 
(In thousands)
September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired loans with a valuation allowance:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
$
5,342

 
$
6,965

 
$
1,562

Real estate commercial
 
20,084

 
21,245

 
6,759

Land development
 
1,748

 
1,757

 
387

Real estate residential
 
21,416

 
21,416

 
618

Subtotal
 
48,590

 
51,383

 
9,326

Impaired loans with no related valuation allowance:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
24,454

 
32,108

 

Real estate commercial
 
44,844

 
58,929

 

Real estate construction
 
143

 
1,115

 

Land development
 
11,047

 
17,069

 

Real estate residential
 
17,544

 
17,544

 

Consumer installment
 
2,931

 
2,931

 

Home equity
 
3,102

 
3,102

 

Subtotal
 
104,065

 
132,798

 

Total impaired loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
29,796

 
39,073

 
1,562

Real estate commercial
 
64,928

 
80,174

 
6,759

Real estate construction
 
143

 
1,115

 

Land development
 
12,795

 
18,826

 
387

Real estate residential
 
38,960

 
38,960

 
618

Consumer installment
 
2,931

 
2,931

 

Home equity
 
3,102

 
3,102

 

Total
 
$
152,655

 
$
184,181

 
$
9,326

The difference between an impaired loan’s recorded investment and the unpaid principal balance represents either (i) for originated loans, a partial charge-off resulting from a confirmed loss due to the value of the collateral securing the loan being below the loan balance and management’s assessment that full collection of the loan balance is not likely or (ii) for acquired loans that meet the definition of an impaired loan, fair value adjustments recognized at the acquisition date attributable to expected credit losses and the discounting of expected cash flows at market interest rates. The difference between the recorded investment and the unpaid principal balance of $23.4 million, $32.1 million and $32.4 million at September 30, 2012December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011, respectively, includes confirmed losses (partial charge-offs) of $19.8 million, $21.7 million and $22.1 million, respectively, and fair value discount adjustments of $3.6 million, $10.4 million and $9.4 million, respectively.
 

13

Table of Contents
Chemical Financial Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
September 30, 2012


The following schedule presents information related to impaired loans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011:
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2012
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2012
 
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Interest  Income
Recognized
While on
Impaired Status
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Interest  Income
Recognized
While on
Impaired Status
 
 
(In thousands)
Commercial
 
$
28,683

 
$
149

 
$
27,684

 
$
602

Real estate commercial
 
54,524

 
212

 
59,063

 
642

Real estate construction
 
912

 

 
470

 

Land development
 
10,582

 
71

 
8,869

 
216

Real estate residential
 
33,652

 
288

 
37,861

 
1,031

Consumer installment
 
909

 

 
1,222

 

Home equity
 
2,940

 

 
2,910

 

Total
 
$
132,202

 
$
720

 
$
138,079

 
$
2,491

 
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2011
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2011
 
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Interest  Income
Recognized
While on
Impaired Status
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Interest  Income
Recognized
While on
Impaired Status
 
 
(In thousands)
Commercial
 
$
28,593

 
$
260

 
$
30,384

 
$
730

Real estate commercial
 
70,634

 
281

 
71,854

 
616

Real estate construction
 
145

 
2

 
192

 
10

Land development
 
13,414

 
86

 
13,940

 
270

Real estate residential
 
39,848

 
223

 
38,467

 
708

Consumer installment
 
2,916

 

 
2,844

 

Home equity
 
3,456

 

 
3,213

 

Total
 
$
159,006

 
$
852

 
$
160,894

 
$
2,334

Impaired loans included $9.4 million, $17.4 million and $19.7 million at September 30, 2012December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011, respectively, of acquired loans that were not performing in accordance with original contractual terms. These loans are not reported as nonperforming loans, as a market yield adjustment was recognized on these loans at acquisition that is being amortized into interest income. Impaired loans also included $30.4 million, $20.4 million and $15.5 million at September 30, 2012December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011, respectively, of performing TDRs.
 

14

Table of Contents
Chemical Financial Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
September 30, 2012


The following schedule presents the aging status of the recorded investment in loans by classes of loans at September 30, 2012December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011:
 
 
31-60
Days
Past Due
 
61-89
Days
Past Due
 
Accruing
Loans
Past Due
90 Days
or More
 
Nonaccrual
Loans
 
Total
Past Due
 
Current
 
Total
Loans
 
 
(In thousands)
September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Originated Portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
$
9,707

 
$
1,374

 
$
273

 
$
15,217

 
$
26,571

 
$
812,111

 
$
838,682

Real estate commercial
 
4,929

 
1,660

 
247

 
41,311

 
48,147

 
856,252

 
904,399

Real estate construction
 

 

 

 
933

 
933

 
37,364

 
38,297

Land development
 
48

 

 

 
5,731

 
5,779

 
18,705

 
24,484

Real estate residential
 
3,208

 
97

 
431

 
11,307

 
15,043

 
849,982

 
865,025

Consumer installment
 
3,299

 
470

 

 
876

 
4,645

 
531,594

 
536,239

Home equity
 
1,543

 
730

 
1,147

 
2,949

 
6,369

 
393,052

 
399,421

Total
 
$
22,734

 
$
4,331

 
$
2,098

 
$
78,324

 
$
107,487

 
$
3,499,060

 
$
3,606,547

Acquired Portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
$

 
$
15

 
$
3,356

 
$

 
$
3,371

 
$
109,885

 
$
113,256

Real estate commercial
 
1,262

 

 
2,390

 

 
3,652

 
209,022

 
212,674

Real estate construction
 

 

 

 

 

 
17,774

 
17,774

Land development
 

 

 
3,038

 

 
3,038

 
7,289

 
10,327

Real estate residential
 
80

 

 
343

 

 
423

 
14,847

 
15,270

Consumer installment
 
18

 

 

 

 
18

 
2,155

 
2,173

Home equity
 
138

 
39

 
264

 

 
441

 
40,697

 
41,138

Total
 
$
1,498

 
$
54

 
$
9,391

 
$

 
$
10,943

 
$
401,669

 
$
412,612

December 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Originated Portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
$
5,207

 
$
6,268

 
$
1,381

 
$
10,726

 
$
23,582

 
$
739,953

 
$
763,535

Real estate commercial
 
9,967

 
3,241

 
374

 
44,438

 
58,020

 
757,047

 
815,067

Real estate construction
 

 

 
287

 

 
287

 
54,029

 
54,316

Land development
 

 

 

 
6,190

 
6,190

 
24,065

 
30,255

Real estate residential
 
5,591

 
76

 
752

 
12,573

 
18,992

 
821,760

 
840,752

Consumer installment
 
3,449

 
1,174

 

 
1,707

 
6,330

 
474,614

 
480,944

Home equity
 
2,038

 
408

 
1,023

 
2,760

 
6,229

 
347,404

 
353,633

Total
 
$
26,252

 
$
11,167

 
$
3,817

 
$
78,394

 
$
119,630

 
$
3,218,872

 
$
3,338,502

Acquired Portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
$
394

 
$

 
$
7,808

 
$

 
$
8,202

 
$
123,413

 
$
131,615

Real estate commercial
 
1,820

 

 
2,592

 

 
4,412

 
252,520

 
256,932

Real estate construction
 

 

 
156

 

 
156

 
18,883

 
19,039

Land development
 

 

 
4,780

 

 
4,780

 
9,786

 
14,566

Real estate residential
 
288

 

 
1,577

 

 
1,865

 
19,099

 
20,964

Consumer installment
 
49

 
11

 

 

 
60

 
3,054

 
3,114

Home equity
 
641

 
262

 
462

 

 
1,365

 
45,188

 
46,553

Total
 
$
3,192

 
$
273

 
$
17,375

 
$

 
$
20,840

 
$
471,943

 
$
492,783


15

Table of Contents
Chemical Financial Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
September 30, 2012


 
 
31-60
Days
Past Due
 
61-89
Days
Past Due
 
Accruing
Loans
Past Due
90 Days
or More
 
Nonaccrual
Loans
 
Total
Past Due
 
Current
 
Total
Loans
September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Originated Portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
$
7,471

 
$
3,364

 
$
282

 
$
10,804

 
$
21,921

 
$
704,885

 
$
726,806

Real estate commercial
 
10,104

 
4,832

 
415

 
48,854

 
64,205

 
737,111

 
801,316

Real estate construction
 
214

 
288

 

 

 
502

 
52,882

 
53,384

Land development
 

 
349

 

 
7,877

 
8,226

 
23,291

 
31,517

Real estate residential
 
5,793

 
247

 
974

 
17,544

 
24,558

 
793,109

 
817,667

Consumer installment
 
4,578

 
775

 

 
2,931

 
8,284

 
514,056

 
522,340

Home equity
 
1,823

 
1,312

 
1,344

 
3,102

 
7,581

 
304,443

 
312,024

Total
 
$
29,983

 
$
11,167

 
$
3,015

 
$
91,112

 
$
135,277

 
$
3,129,777

 
$
3,265,054

Acquired Portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
$
540

 
$

 
$
10,515

 
$

 
$
11,055

 
$
121,108

 
$
132,163

Real estate commercial
 

 

 
2,864

 

 
2,864

 
251,912

 
254,776

Real estate construction
 

 

 
143

 

 
143

 
19,324

 
19,467

Land development
 

 

 
4,799

 

 
4,799

 
10,662

 
15,461

Real estate residential
 

 
766

 
860

 

 
1,626

 
20,751

 
22,377

Consumer installment
 
47

 
83

 

 

 
130

 
4,103

 
4,233

Home equity
 
236

 
256

 
551

 

 
1,043

 
45,852

 
46,895

Total
 
$
823

 
$
1,105

 
$
19,732

 
$

 
$
21,660

 
$
473,712

 
$
495,372

 
Loans Modified Under Troubled Debt Restructurings (TDRs)
The following schedule presents the Corporation’s TDRs at September 30, 2012, December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011:
 
 
Performing
 
Nonperforming
 
Total
 
 
(In thousands)
September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loan portfolio
 
$
14,750

 
$
6,553

 
$
21,303

Consumer loan portfolio
 
15,656

 
3,902

 
19,558

Total
 
$
30,406

 
$
10,455

 
$
40,861

December 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loan portfolio
 
$
4,765

 
$
14,675

 
$
19,440

Consumer loan portfolio
 
15,629

 
9,383

 
25,012

Total
 
$
20,394

 
$
24,058

 
$
44,452

September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loan portfolio
 
$
3,938

 
$
16,457

 
$
20,395

Consumer loan portfolio
 
11,605

 
9,811

 
21,416

Total
 
$
15,543

 
$
26,268

 
$
41,811


16

Table of Contents
Chemical Financial Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
September 30, 2012


The following schedule provides information on loans reported as performing and nonperforming TDRs that were modified during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011:
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2012
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2012
 
 
Number
of  Loans
 
Pre-
Modification
Recorded
Investment
 
Post-
Modification
Recorded
Investment
 
Number
of  Loans
 
Pre-
Modification
Recorded
Investment
 
Post-
Modification
Recorded
Investment
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial loan portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
9

 
$
665

 
$
665

 
19

 
$
3,891

 
$
3,891

Real estate commercial
 
8

 
1,426

 
1,426

 
19

 
5,264

 
5,264

Land development
 

 

 

 
1

 
1,638

 
1,638

Subtotal – commercial loan portfolio
 
17

 
2,091

 
2,091

 
39

 
10,793

 
10,793

Consumer loan portfolio (real estate residential)
 
15

 
1,352

 
1,301

 
65

 
7,083

 
6,872

Total
 
32

 
$
3,443

 
$
3,392

 
104

 
$
17,876

 
$
17,665

 
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2011
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2011
 
 
Number
of  Loans
 
Pre-
Modification
Recorded
Investment
 
Post-
Modification
Recorded
Investment
 
Number
of  Loans
 
Pre-
Modification
Recorded
Investment
 
Post-
Modification
Recorded
Investment
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial loan portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
5

 
$
733

 
$
733

 
20

 
$
3,560

 
$
3,560

Real estate commercial
 
9

 
2,133

 
2,133

 
21

 
5,110

 
5,110

Subtotal – commercial loan portfolio
 
14

 
2,866

 
2,866

 
41

 
8,670

 
8,670

Consumer loan portfolio (real estate residential)
 
25

 
2,144

 
2,045

 
68

 
6,086

 
5,836

Total
 
39

 
$
5,010

 
$
4,911

 
109

 
$
14,756

 
$
14,506

The pre-modification and post-modification recorded investment represents amounts as of the date of loan modification. The difference between the pre-modification and post-modification recorded investment of real estate residential TDRs represents impairment recognized by the Corporation through the provision for loan losses computed based on a loan's post-modification present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's original effective interest rate. No provision for loan losses was recognized related to TDRs in the commercial loan portfolio as the Corporation does not expect to incur a loss on these loans based on its assessment of the borrower's expected cash flows.
The following schedule includes performing and nonperforming TDRs at September 30, 2012, and TDRs that were transferred to nonaccrual status during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, for which there was a payment default during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, whereby the borrower was past due with respect to principal and/or interest for 90 days or more, and the loan became a TDR during the twelve-month period prior to the default:

17

Table of Contents
Chemical Financial Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
September 30, 2012


 
 
With Payment Defaults During the Following Periods:
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2012
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2012
 
 
Number of
Loans
 
Principal Balance at
 
Number of
Loans
 
Principal Balance at
 
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial loan portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
2

 
$
1,240

 
3

 
$
1,300

Real estate commercial
 
3

 
2,457

 
5

 
3,293

Subtotal – commercial loan portfolio
 
5

 
3,697

 
8

 
4,593

Consumer loan portfolio (real estate residential)
 
1

 
742

 
5

 
1,126

Total
 
6

 
$
4,439

 
13

 
$
5,719

Allowance for Loan Losses
The following schedule presents, by loan portfolio segment, the changes in the allowance for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and details regarding the balance in the allowance and the recorded investment in loans at September 30, 2012 by impairment evaluation method.
 
 
Commercial
Loan
Portfolio
 
Consumer
Loan
Portfolio
 
Unallocated
 
Total
 
 
(In thousands)
Changes in allowance for loan losses for the three months ended September 30, 2012:
Beginning balance
 
$
53,759

 
$
29,784

 
$
3,168

 
$
86,711

Provision for loan losses
 
2,365

 
1,765

 
370

 
4,500

Charge-offs
 
(4,754
)
 
(2,842
)
 

 
(7,596
)
Recoveries
 
460

 
619

 

 
1,079

Ending balance
 
$
51,830

 
$
29,326

 
$
3,538

 
$
84,694

Changes in allowance for loan losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2012:
Beginning balance
 
$
55,645

 
$
29,166

 
$
3,522

 
$
88,333

Provision for loan losses
 
6,003

 
7,481

 
16

 
13,500

Charge-offs
 
(11,330
)
 
(8,985
)
 

 
(20,315
)
Recoveries
 
1,512

 
1,664

 

 
3,176

Ending balance
 
$
51,830

 
$
29,326

 
$
3,538

 
$
84,694

Allowance for loan losses balance at September 30, 2012 attributable to:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment
 
$
8,010

 
$
649

 
$

 
$
8,659

Loans collectively evaluated for impairment
 
43,820

 
28,177

 
3,538

 
75,535

Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality
 

 
500

 

 
500

Total
 
$
51,830

 
$
29,326

 
$
3,538

 
$
84,694

Recorded investment (loan balance) at September 30, 2012:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment
 
$
84,495

 
$
19,558

 
$

 
$
104,053

Loans collectively evaluated for impairment
 
1,721,367

 
1,781,127

 

 
3,502,494

Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality
 
354,031

 
58,581

 

 
412,612

Total
 
$
2,159,893

 
$
1,859,266

 
$

 
$
4,019,159



18

Table of Contents
Chemical Financial Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
September 30, 2012


The following schedule presents, by loan portfolio segment, details regarding the balance in the allowance and the recorded investment in loans at December 31, 2011 by impairment evaluation method.
 
 
Commercial
Loan
Portfolio
 
Consumer
Loan
Portfolio
 
Unallocated
 
Total
 
 
(In thousands)
Allowance for loan losses balance at December 31, 2011 attributable to:
 
 
 
 
Loans individually evaluated for impairment
 
$
8,582

 
$
704

 
$

 
$
9,286

Loans collectively evaluated for impairment
 
45,863

 
28,062

 
3,522

 
77,447

Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality
 
1,200

 
400

 

 
1,600

Total
 
$
55,645

 
$
29,166

 
$
3,522

 
$
88,333

Recorded investment (loan balance) at December 31, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans individually evaluated for impairment
 
$
80,794

 
$
25,012

 
$

 
$
105,806

Loans collectively evaluated for impairment
 
1,582,379

 
1,650,317

 

 
3,232,696

Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality
 
422,152

 
70,631

 

 
492,783

Total
 
$
2,085,325

 
$
1,745,960

 
$

 
$
3,831,285

The following schedule presents, by loan portfolio segment, the changes in the allowance for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 and details regarding the balance in the allowance and the recorded investment in loans at September 30, 2011 by impairment evaluation method.
 
 
Commercial
Loan
Portfolio
 
Consumer
Loan
Portfolio
 
Unallocated
 
Total
 
 
(In thousands)
Changes in allowance for loan losses for the three months ended September 30, 2011:
Beginning balance
 
$
58,572

 
$
29,283

 
$
1,878

 
$
89,733

Provision for loan losses
 
2,258

 
2,296

 
1,846

 
6,400

Charge-offs
 
(5,439
)
 
(3,400
)
 

 
(8,839
)
Recoveries
 
899

 
520

 

 
1,419

Ending balance
 
$
56,290

 
$
28,699

 
$
3,724

 
$
88,713

Changes in allowance for loan losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2011:
Beginning balance
 
$
59,443

 
$
27,338

 
$
2,749

 
$
89,530

Provision for loan losses
 
11,348

 
8,577

 
975

 
20,900

Charge-offs
 
(16,629
)
 
(9,158
)
 

 
(25,787
)
Recoveries
 
2,128

 
1,942

 

 
4,070

Ending balance
 
$
56,290

 
$
28,699

 
$
3,724

 
$
88,713

Allowance for loan losses balance at September 30, 2011 attributable to:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment
 
$
8,708

 
$
618

 
$

 
$
9,326

Loans collectively evaluated for impairment
 
46,282

 
28,081

 
3,724

 
78,087

Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality
 
1,300

 

 

 
1,300

Total
 
$
56,290

 
$
28,699

 
$
3,724

 
$
88,713

Recorded investment (loan balance) at September 30, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans individually evaluated for impairment
 
$
87,930

 
$
21,416

 
$

 
$
109,346

Loans collectively evaluated for impairment
 
1,525,093

 
1,630,615

 

 
3,155,708

Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality
 
421,867

 
73,505

 

 
495,372

Total
 
$
2,034,890

 
$
1,725,536

 
$

 
$
3,760,426



19

Table of Contents
Chemical Financial Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
September 30, 2012


The allowance attributable to acquired loans of $0.5 million at September 30, 2012 was primarily attributable to two consumer loan pools in the acquired loan portfolio experiencing a decline in expected cash flows. The allowance attributable to acquired loans of $1.6 million and $1.3 million at December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011, respectively, was primarily attributable to one of the commercial loan pools in the acquired loan portfolio experiencing a decline in expected cash flows. There were no material changes in expected cash flows for the remaining acquired loan pools at September 30, 2012, December 31, 2011 or September 30, 2011.

Note 5: Intangible Assets
The Corporation has the following types of intangible assets: goodwill, core deposit intangible assets, mortgage servicing rights (MSRs) and non-compete agreements. Goodwill, core deposit intangible assets and non-compete agreements arose as the result of business combinations or other acquisitions. MSRs arose as a result of selling residential real estate mortgage loans in the secondary market while retaining the right to service these loans and receive servicing income over the life of the loan, as well as a result of the OAK acquisition. Amortization is recorded on the core deposit intangible assets, MSRs and non-compete agreements. Goodwill is not amortized but is evaluated at least annually for impairment. The Corporation’s most recent annual goodwill impairment test was performed as of October 31, 2011, and no impairment existed for the Corporation’s goodwill at that date. No triggering events have occurred since the most recent annual goodwill impairment review that would require an interim valuation.
The following table shows the net carrying value of the Corporation’s intangible assets:
 
 
September 30,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
 
September 30,
2011
 
 
(In thousands)
Goodwill
 
$
113,414

 
$
113,414

 
$
113,414

Other intangible assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Core deposit intangible assets
 
$
6,777

 
$
7,879

 
$
8,261

Mortgage servicing rights
 
3,466

 
3,593

 
3,561

Non-compete agreements
 

 

 
27

Total other intangible assets
 
$
10,243

 
$
11,472

 
$
11,849

The following table sets forth the carrying amount, accumulated amortization and amortization expense of core deposit intangible assets that are amortizable and arose from business combinations or other acquisitions:
 
 
September 30,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
 
September 30,
2011
 
 
(In thousands)
Gross original amount
 
$
26,468

 
$
26,468

 
$
26,468

Accumulated amortization
 
19,691

 
18,589

 
18,207

Carrying amount
 
$
6,777


$
7,879

 
$
8,261

Amortization expense for the three months ended September 30
 
$
367

 
 
 
$
382

Amortization expense for the nine months ended September 30
 
$
1,102

 
 
 
$
1,145

At September 30, 2012, the remaining amortization expense on core deposit intangible assets that existed as of that date was estimated as follows: 2012$0.4 million; 2013$1.3 million; 2014$1.1 million; 2015$1.1 million; 2016$0.9 million; 2017 and thereafter — $2.0 million.
The following shows the net carrying value and fair value of MSRs and the total loans that the Corporation is servicing for others:
 
 
September 30,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
 
September 30,
2011
 
 
(In thousands)
Net carrying value of MSRs
 
$
3,466

 
$
3,593

 
$
3,561

Fair value of MSRs
 
$
4,277

 
$
4,757

 
$
4,437

Loans serviced for others that have servicing rights capitalized
 
$
901,052

 
$
902,812

 
$
900,197

The following table shows the activity for capitalized MSRs:
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
(In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period
 
$
3,463

 
$
3,577

 
$
3,593

 
$
3,782

Additions
 
503

 
317

 
1,706

 
1,028

Amortization
 
(500
)
 
(333
)
 
(1,833
)
 
(1,249
)
Balance at end of period
 
$
3,466

 
$
3,561

 
$
3,466

 
$
3,561

 
There was no impairment valuation allowance recorded on MSRs as of September 30, 2012December 31, 2011 or September 30, 2011.
Note 6: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of related tax benefit/expense, were as follows:
 
 
September 30,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
 
September 30,
2011
 
 
(In thousands)
Net unrealized gains on investment securities – available-for-sale, net of related tax expense of $2,542 at September 30, 2012, $1,796 at December 31, 2011 and $1,925 at September 30, 2011
 
$
4,721

 
$
3,336

 
$
3,576

Pension and other postretirement benefits adjustment, net of related tax benefit of $14,876 at September 30, 2012, $15,435 at December 31, 2011 and $9,195 at September 30, 2011
 
(27,627
)
 
(28,665
)
 
(17,077
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
 
$
(22,906
)
 
$
(25,329
)
 
$
(13,501
)

Note 7: Regulatory Capital
Federal and state banking regulations place certain restrictions on the transfer of assets, in the form of dividends, loans, or advances, from Chemical Bank to the Corporation. As of September 30, 2012, substantially all of the assets of Chemical Bank were restricted from transfer to the Corporation in the form of loans or advances. Dividends from Chemical Bank are the principal source of funds for the Corporation. As of September 30, 2012, Chemical Bank could pay dividends of up to $13.2 million, based on net income less dividends for the current and prior two calendar years, without regulatory approval.
The Corporation and Chemical Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Under these capital requirements, Chemical Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of assets and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. In addition, capital amounts and classifications are subject to qualitative judgments by regulators. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.
Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require minimum ratios of Tier 1 capital to average assets (Leverage Ratio) and Tier 1 and Total capital to risk-weighted assets. These capital guidelines assign risk weights to on- and off- balance sheet items in arriving at total risk-weighted assets. Minimum capital levels are based upon the perceived risk of various asset categories and certain off-balance sheet instruments. Risk weighted assets totaled $4.03 billion, $3.88 billion and $3.78 billion at September 30, 2012December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011, respectively.
At September 30, 2012December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011, Chemical Bank’s capital ratios exceeded the quantitative capital ratios required for an institution to be considered “well-capitalized.” Significant factors that may affect capital adequacy include, but are not limited to, a disproportionate growth in assets versus capital and a change in mix or credit quality of assets.
 
The summary below compares the Corporation’s and Chemical Bank’s actual capital amounts and ratios with the quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy:
 
 
Actual
 
Minimum Required for Capital Adequacy Purposes
 
Required to be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Regulations
 
 
Capital
Amount
 
Ratio
 
Capital
Amount
 
Ratio
 
Capital
Amount
 
Ratio
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets:
Corporation
 
$
549,388

 
13.6
%
 
$
322,212

 
8.0
%
 
N/A

 
N/A

Chemical Bank
 
537,467

 
13.4

 
321,585

 
8.0

 
$
401,982

 
10.0
%
Tier 1 Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets:
Corporation
 
498,618

 
12.4

 
161,106

 
4.0

 
N/A

 
N/A

Chemical Bank
 
486,794

 
12.1

 
160,793

 
4.0

 
241,189

 
6.0

Leverage Ratio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporation
 
498,618

 
9.4

 
211,670

 
4.0

 
N/A

 
N/A

Chemical Bank
 
486,794

 
9.2

 
211,452

 
4.0

 
264,315

 
5.0

December 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets:
Corporation
 
$
517,547

 
13.3
%
 
$
310,316

 
8.0
%
 
N/A

 
N/A

Chemical Bank
 
510,290

 
13.2

 
310,119

 
8.0

 
$
387,649

 
10.0
%
Tier 1 Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets:
Corporation
 
468,565

 
12.1

 
155,158

 
4.0

 
N/A

 
N/A

Chemical Bank
 
461,338

 
11.9

 
155,060

 
4.0

 
232,589

 
6.0

Leverage Ratio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporation
 
468,565

 
9.0

 
208,013

 
4.0

 
N/A

 
N/A

Chemical Bank
 
461,338

 
8.9

 
208,033

 
4.0

 
260,042

 
5.0

September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets:
Corporation
 
$
493,976

 
13.1
%
 
$
302,360

 
8.0
%
 
N/A

 
N/A

Chemical Bank
 
486,207

 
12.9

 
302,149

 
8.0

 
$
377,686

 
10.0
%
Tier 1 Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets:
Corporation
 
446,217

 
11.8

 
151,180

 
4.0

 
N/A

 
N/A

Chemical Bank
 
438,480

 
11.6

 
151,074

 
4.0

 
226,612

 
6.0

Leverage Ratio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporation
 
446,217

 
8.6

 
206,656

 
4.0

 
N/A

 
N/A

Chemical Bank
 
438,480

 
8.5

 
206,613

 
4.0

 
258,266

 
5.0


Note 8: Fair Value Measurements
Fair value, as defined by GAAP, is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. A fair value measurement assumes that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability occurs in the principal market for the asset or liability or, in the absence of a principal market, the most advantageous market for the asset or liability. The price in the principal (or most advantageous) market used to measure the fair value of the asset or liability is not adjusted for transaction costs. An orderly transaction is a transaction that assumes exposure to the market for a period prior to the measurement date to allow for market activities that are usual and customary for transactions involving such assets and liabilities; it is not a forced transaction. Market participants are buyers and sellers in the principal market that are (i) independent, (ii) knowledgeable, (iii) able to transact and (iv) willing to transact.

20

Table of Contents
Chemical Financial Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
September 30, 2012


The Corporation utilizes fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and to determine fair value disclosures. Investment securities — available-for-sale are generally recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, the Corporation may be required to record other assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, such as impaired loans, goodwill, other intangible assets and other real estate and repossessed assets. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve the application of lower of cost or market accounting or write-downs of individual assets.
 
The Corporation determines the fair value of its financial instruments based on a three-level hierarchy established by GAAP. The classification and disclosure of assets and liabilities within the hierarchy is based on whether the inputs to the valuation methodology used for measurement are observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect market-derived or market-based information obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect management’s estimates about market data. The three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value within the GAAP hierarchy are as follows:
 

Level 1
Valuation is based upon quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active markets. Level 1 valuations for the Corporation include U.S. Treasury securities that are traded by dealers or brokers in active over-the-counter markets. Valuations are obtained from a third party pricing service for these investment securities.
Level 2
Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market. Level 2 valuations for the Corporation include government sponsored agency securities, including securities issued by the Federal Home Loan Bank, Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, Federal National Mortgage Association, Federal Farm Credit Bank, Student Loan Marketing Corporation and the Small Business Administration, securities issued by certain state and political subdivisions, residential mortgage-backed securities, collateralized mortgage obligations, corporate bonds and preferred stock. Valuations are obtained from a third-party pricing service for these investment securities.
Level 3
Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use at least one significant assumption not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques include use of option pricing models, discounted cash flow models, yield curves and similar techniques. The determination of fair value requires management judgment or estimation and generally is corroborated by external data, which includes third-party pricing services. Level 3 valuations for the Corporation include securities issued by certain state and political subdivisions, trust preferred securities, impaired loans, goodwill, core deposit intangible assets, MSRs and other real estate and repossessed assets.
A description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy, is set forth below. These valuation methodologies were applied to all of the Corporation’s financial assets and financial liabilities carried at fair value and all financial instruments disclosed at fair value. In general, fair value is based upon quoted market prices, where available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair value is based upon third-party pricing services when available. Fair value may also be based on internally developed models that primarily use, as inputs, observable market-based parameters. Valuation adjustments may be required to record financial instruments at fair value. Any such valuation adjustments are applied consistently over time. The Corporation’s valuation methodologies may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values.
While management believes the Corporation’s valuation methodologies are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date. Furthermore, the reported fair value amounts may change significantly after the date of the statement of financial position from the amounts presented herein.
 
Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
Investment securities — available-for-sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value measurement is based upon quoted prices, if available. If quoted prices are not available, fair values are generally measured using independent pricing models or other model-based valuation techniques that include market inputs, such as benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers, reference data and industry and economic events. Level 1 securities include U.S. Treasury securities that are traded by dealers or brokers in active over-the-counter markets. Level 2 securities include securities issued by government sponsored agencies, securities issued by certain state and political subdivisions, residential mortgage-backed securities, collateralized mortgage obligations, corporate bonds and certain preferred stock.

21

Table of Contents
Chemical Financial Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
September 30, 2012


The carrying amount reported in the consolidated statement of financial position at September 30, 2012 for loans held-for-sale is at fair value, as the Corporation elected the fair value option for all residential mortgage loans held-for-sale originated on or after July 1, 2012. The fair values of loans held-for-sale are based on the market price for similar loans sold in the secondary market, and therefore, are classified as Level 2 valuations.
Disclosure of Recurring Basis Fair Value Measurements
For assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis, quantitative disclosures about the fair value measurements for each major category of assets were as follows:
 
 
Fair Value Measurements – Recurring Basis
 
 
Quoted Prices
In Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Total
 
 
(In thousands)
September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment securities – available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Government sponsored agencies
 
$

 
$
101,492

 
$

 
$
101,492

State and political subdivisions
 

 
52,238

 

 
52,238

Residential mortgage-backed securities
 

 
105,236

 

 
105,236

Collateralized mortgage obligations
 

 
299,078

 

 
299,078

Corporate bonds
 

 
82,106

 

 
82,106

Preferred stock
 

 
1,673

 

 
1,673

Total investment securities – available-for-sale
 

 
641,823

 

 
641,823

Loans held-for-sale
 

 
15,075

 

 
15,075

Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis
 
$

 
$
656,898

 
$

 
$
656,898

December 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment securities – available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Government sponsored agencies
 
$

 
$
70,679

 
$

 
$
70,679

State and political subdivisions
 

 
45,235

 

 
45,235

Residential mortgage-backed securities
 

 
120,780

 

 
120,780

Collateralized mortgage obligations
 

 
332,400

 

 
332,400

Corporate bonds
 

 
96,768

 

 
96,768

Preferred stock
 

 
1,414

 

 
1,414

Total investment securities – available-for-sale
 
$

 
$
667,276

 
$

 
$
667,276

September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment securities – available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Government sponsored agencies
 
$

 
$
74,561

 
$

 
$
74,561

State and political subdivisions
 

 
45,464

 

 
45,464

Residential mortgage-backed securities
 

 
128,864

 

 
128,864

Collateralized mortgage obligations
 

 
295,932

 

 
295,932

Corporate bonds
 

 
64,184

 

 
64,184

Preferred stock
 

 
1,488

 

 
1,488

Total investment securities – available-for-sale
 
$

 
$
610,493

 
$

 
$
610,493

There were no liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2012December 31, 2011 or September 30, 2011.
 

22

Table of Contents
Chemical Financial Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
September 30, 2012


Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
The Corporation does not record loans at fair value on a recurring basis. However, from time to time, a loan is considered impaired and an allocation of the allowance (valuation allowance) may be established or a portion of the loan is charged off. Loans for which it is probable that payment of interest and principal will not be made in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement are considered impaired. The fair value of impaired loans is estimated using one of several methods, including the loan’s observable market price, the fair value of the collateral or the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate. Those impaired loans not requiring a valuation allowance represent loans for which the fair value of the expected repayments or collateral exceed the remaining carrying amount of such loans. At September 30, 2012December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011, substantially all of the impaired loans were evaluated based on the fair value of the collateral. Impaired loans, where a valuation allowance is established or a portion of the loan is charged off based on the fair value of collateral, are subject to nonrecurring fair value measurement and require classification in the fair value hierarchy. The Corporation records impaired loans as Level 3 valuations as there is generally no observable market price or independent appraised value, or management determines the fair value of the collateral is further impaired below the appraised value. When management determines the fair value of the collateral is further impaired below appraised value, discount factors ranging between 70% and 80% of the appraised value are used depending on the nature of the collateral and the age of the most recent appraisal.
Goodwill is subject to impairment testing on an annual basis. The assessment of goodwill for impairment requires a significant degree of judgment. In the event the assessment indicates that it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value is less than the carrying value, the asset is considered impaired and recorded at fair value. Goodwill that is impaired and subject to nonrecurring fair value measurements is a Level 3 valuation. At September 30, 2012December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011, no goodwill was impaired, and therefore, goodwill was not recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.
Other intangible assets consist of core deposit intangible assets and MSRs. These items are recorded at fair value when initially recorded. Subsequently, core deposit intangible assets are amortized primarily on an accelerated basis over periods ranging from ten to fifteen years years and are subject to impairment testing whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the asset. If core deposit intangible asset impairment is identified, the Corporation classifies impaired core deposit intangible assets subject to nonrecurring fair value measurements as Level 3 valuations. The fair value of MSRs is initially estimated using a model that calculates the net present value of estimated future cash flows using various assumptions, including prepayment speeds, the discount rate and servicing costs. If the valuation model reflects a value less than the carrying value, MSRs are adjusted to fair value, as determined by the model, through a valuation allowance. The Corporation classifies MSRs subject to nonrecurring fair value measurements as Level 3 valuations. At September 30, 2012December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011, there was no impairment identified for core deposit intangible assets or MSRs and, therefore, no other intangible assets were recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.
The carrying amounts for other real estate (ORE) and repossessed assets (RA) are reported in the consolidated statements of financial position under “Interest receivable and other assets.” ORE and RA include real estate and other types of assets repossessed by the Corporation. ORE and RA are recorded at the lower of cost or fair value upon the transfer of a loan to ORE or RA and, subsequently, ORE and RA continue to be measured and carried at the lower of cost or fair value. Fair value is based upon independent market prices, appraised values of the collateral or management’s estimation of the value of the collateral. The Corporation records ORE and RA as Level 3 valuations as there is generally no observable market price or available appraised value, or management determines the fair value of the collateral is further impaired below the appraised value. When management determines the fair value of the collateral is further impaired below appraised value, discount factors ranging between 70% and 75% of the appraised value are used depending on the nature of the collateral and the age of the most recent appraisal.
 

23

Table of Contents
Chemical Financial Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
September 30, 2012


Disclosure of Nonrecurring Basis Fair Value Measurements
For assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, quantitative disclosures about fair value measurements for each major category of assets were as follows:
 
 
Fair Value Measurements – Nonrecurring Basis
 
 
Quoted Prices
In Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Total
 
 
(In thousands)
September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired originated loans
 
$

 
$

 
$
53,905

 
$
53,905

Other real estate/repossessed assets
 

 

 
19,467

 
19,467

Total
 
$

 
$

 
$
73,372

 
$
73,372

December 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired originated loans
 
$

 
$

 
$
52,721

 
$
52,721

Other real estate/repossessed assets
 

 

 
25,484

 
25,484

Total
 
$

 
$

 
$
78,205

 
$
78,205

September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired originated loans
 
$

 
$

 
$
59,896

 
$
59,896

Other real estate/repossessed assets
 

 

 
28,679

 
28,679

Total
 
$

 
$

 
$
88,575

 
$
88,575

There were no liabilities recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at September 30, 2012December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011.
Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
GAAP requires disclosures about the estimated fair value of the Corporation’s financial instruments, including those financial assets and liabilities that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring or nonrecurring basis. However, the method of estimating fair value for financial instruments, such as loans, that are not required to be measured on a recurring or nonrecurring basis, as prescribed by ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (ASC 820) does not incorporate the exit-price concept of fair value. The Corporation utilized the fair value hierarchy in computing the fair values of its financial instruments. In cases where quoted market prices were not available, the Corporation employed present value methods using unobservable inputs requiring management’s judgment to estimate the fair values of its financial instruments, which are considered Level 3 valuations. These Level 3 valuations are affected by the assumptions made and, accordingly, do not necessarily indicate amounts that could be realized in a current market exchange. It is also the Corporation’s general practice and intent to hold the majority of its financial instruments until maturity and, therefore, the Corporation does not expect to realize the estimated amounts disclosed.
The methodologies for estimating the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities on a recurring or nonrecurring basis are discussed above. At September 30, 2012December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011, the estimated fair values of cash and cash equivalents, interest receivable and interest payable approximated their carrying values at those dates. The methodologies for other financial assets and financial liabilities follow.
Fair value measurement for investment securities — available-for-sale that are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis, which consists of fixed-rate cumulative preferred stock issued by a bank holding company under the U.S. Government’s Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) with no maturity date, is based on cost. This preferred stock is not traded on a public exchange and does not have a readily determinable fair value. Accordingly, the Corporation recorded this preferred stock as a cost-method asset as prescribed by ASC 325-20, Cost Method Investments. Because no impairment indicators were present at September 30, 2012, the Corporation was not required to estimate the fair value of this preferred stock.
 
Fair value measurement for investment securities — held-to-maturity is based upon quoted prices, if available. If quoted prices are not available, fair values are measured using independent pricing models or other model-based valuation techniques that include market inputs such as benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark

24

Table of Contents
Chemical Financial Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
September 30, 2012


securities, bids, offers, reference data and industry and economic events. Fair value measurements using Level 2 valuations of investment securities — held-to-maturity include certain securities issued by state and political subdivisions. Level 3 valuations include a security issued by a state and political subdivision and trust preferred securities.
Fair value measurements of nonmarketable equity securities, which consisted of FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank (FRB) stock, are based on their redeemable value, which is cost. The market for these securities is restricted to the issuer of the stock and subject to impairment evaluation. It is not practicable to determine the fair value of these securities within the fair value hierarchy due to the restrictions placed on their transferability.
The carrying amount reported in the consolidated statement of financial position at September 30, 2012 for loans held-for-sale is at fair value, as the Corporation elected the fair value option on these loans. The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated statements of financial position at December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011 for loans held-for-sale are at the lower of cost or fair value. The fair values of loans held-for-sale are based on the market price for similar loans sold in the secondary market, and therefore, are classified as Level 2 valuations.
The fair value of variable interest rate loans that reprice regularly with changes in market interest rates are based on carrying values. The fair values for fixed interest rate loans are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, using the Corporation’s interest rates currently being offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality. The resulting fair value amounts are adjusted to estimate the impact of changes in the credit quality of borrowers after the loans were originated. The fair value measurements for loans are Level 3 valuations.
The fair values of deposit accounts without defined maturities, such as interest- and noninterest-bearing checking, savings and money market accounts, are equal to the amounts payable on demand. Fair value measurements for fixed-interest rate time deposits with defined maturities are based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows, using the Corporation’s interest rates currently being offered for deposits of similar maturities and are Level 3 valuations. The fair values for variable-interest rate time deposits with defined maturities approximate their carrying amounts.
Short-term borrowings consist of securities sold under agreements to repurchase. Fair value measurements for short-term borrowings are based on the present value of future estimated cash flows using current interest rates offered to the Corporation for debt with similar terms and are Level 2 valuations.
Fair value measurements for FHLB advances are estimated based on the present value of future estimated cash flows using current interest rates offered to the Corporation for debt with similar terms and are Level 2 valuations.
The Corporation’s unused commitments to extend credit, standby letters of credit and loan commitments have no carrying amount and have been estimated to have no realizable fair value. Historically, a majority of the unused commitments to extend credit have not been drawn upon and, generally, the Corporation does not receive fees in connection with these commitments other than standby letter of credit fees, which are not significant.
Fair value measurements have not been made for items that are not defined by GAAP as financial instruments, including such items as the value of the Corporation’s Wealth Management department and the value of the Corporation’s core deposit base. The Corporation believes it is impractical to estimate a representative fair value for these types of assets, even though management believes they add significant value to the Corporation.
 

25

Table of Contents
Chemical Financial Corporation
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
September 30, 2012


A summary of carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Corporation’s financial instruments included in the consolidated statements of financial position was as follows:
 
 
Level in Fair Value Measurement
Hierarchy
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
 
September 30, 2011
 
 
 
Carrying
Amount
 
Fair
Value
 
Carrying
Amount
 
Fair
Value
 
Carrying
Amount
 
Fair
Value
 
 
 
 
(In thousands)
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
Level 1
 
$
438,720

 
$
438,720

 
$
381,940

 
$
381,940

 
$
611,284

 
$
611,284

Investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale
 
Level 2
 
641,823

 
641,823

 
667,276

 
667,276

 
610,493

 
610,493

Available-for-sale
 
NA
 
4,755

 
4,755

 

 

 

 

Held-to-maturity
 
Level 2
 
213,536

 
215,185

 
175,339

 
175,769

 
178,432

 
177,024

Held-to-maturity
 
Level 3
 
8,000

 
8,000

 
8,000

 
8,000

 
8,000

 
8,000

Nonmarketable equity securities
 
NA
 
25,572

 
25,572

 
25,572

 
25,572

 
25,572

 
25,572

Loans held-for-sale
 
Level 2
 
15,075

 
15,075

 
18,818

 
18,972

 
15,212

 
15,212

Net loans
 
Level 3
 
3,934,465

 
3,951,313

 
3,742,952

 
3,753,799

 
3,671,713

 
3,684,251

Interest receivable
 
Level 2
 
16,868

 
16,868

 
16,308

 
16,308

 
15,810

 
15,810

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deposits without defined maturities
 
Level 2
 
$
3,185,654

 
$
3,185,654

 
$
2,851,883

 
$
2,851,883

 
$
2,942,811

 
$
2,942,811

Time deposits
 
Level 3
 
1,413,218

 
1,432,493

 
1,514,974

 
1,538,566

 
1,537,775

 
1,562,604

Interest payable
 
Level 2
 
1,603

 
1,603

 
2,147

 
2,147

 
2,427

 
2,427

Short-term borrowings
 
Level 2
 
311,471

 
311,471

 
303,786

 
303,786

 
302,298

 
302,298

FHLB advances
 
Level 2
 
37,237

 
37,971

 
43,057

 
44,307

 
45,991

 
47,365


Note 9: Earnings Per Common Share
Basic earnings per common share for the Corporation is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Basic earnings per common share excludes any dilutive effect of common stock equivalents.
Diluted earnings per common share for the Corporation is computed by dividing net income by the sum of the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents using the treasury stock method. Average shares of common stock for diluted net income per common share include shares to be issued upon the exercise of stock options granted under the Corporation’s stock option plans, restricted stock units that may be converted to stock, stock to be issued under the deferred stock compensation plan for non-employee directors and stock to be issued under the stock purchase plan for non-employee advisory directors. For any period in which a loss is recorded, the assumed exercise of stock options, restricted stock units that may be converted to stock and stock to be issued under the deferred stock compensation plan and the stock purchase plan would have an anti-dilutive impact on the loss per common share and thus are excluded in the diluted earnings per common share calculation.
The following summarizes the numerator and denominator of the basic and diluted earnings per common share computations:
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
(In thousands, except per share data)
Numerator for both basic and diluted earnings per common share, net income
 
$
13,106

 
$
11,625

 
$
39,346

 
$
31,846

Denominator for basic earnings per common share, weighted average common shares outstanding
 
27,498

 
27,457

 
27,490

 
27,454

Weighted average common stock equivalents
 
90

 
47

 
78

 
40

Denominator for diluted earnings per common share
 
27,588

 
27,504

 
27,568

 
27,494

Basic earnings per common share
 
$
0.48

 
$
0.42

 
$
1.43

 
$
1.16

Diluted earnings per common share
 
0.48

 
0.42

 
1.43

 
1.16


The average number of exercisable employee stock option awards outstanding that were “out-of-the-money,” whereby the option exercise price per share exceeded the market price per share and, therefore, were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per common share because they would have been anti-dilutive totaled 611,605 and 670,725 for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and 618,703 and 663,492 for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

Note 10: Share-Based Compensation
The Corporation maintains a share-based compensation plan under which it periodically grants share-based awards, which consists of stock options and restricted stock units, for a fixed number of shares to certain officers of the Corporation. The fair value of share-based awards is recognized as compensation expense over the requisite service or performance period. During the three-month periods ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, share-based compensation expense related to stock options and restricted stock units totaled $0.5 million and $0.3 million, respectively. During the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, share-based compensation expense related to stock options and restricted stock units totaled $1.3 million and $0.7 million, respectively.
During the nine-month period ended September 30, 2012, the Corporation granted options to purchase 229,763 shares of common stock and 69,772 restricted stock units to certain officers. At September 30, 2012, there were 986,095 shares of common stock available for future grants under the share-based compensation plan.
Stock Options
A summary of activity for the Corporation’s stock options as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 is presented below:
 
 
Non-Vested
Stock Options Outstanding
 
Stock Options Outstanding
 
 
Number of
Options
 
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
Per Share
 
Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Per Share
 
Number of
Options
 
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
Per Share
Outstanding at January 1, 2012
 
162,883

 
$
21.27

 
$
6.55

 
815,119

 
$
28.29

Granted
 
229,763

 
23.78

 
7.08

 
229,763

 
23.78

Exercised
 

 

 

 
(1,003
)
 
19.97

Vested
 
(76,103
)
 
21.55

 
6.63

 

 

Forfeited/expired
 
(1,778
)
 
21.48

 
6.62

 
(17,133
)
 
30.46

Outstanding at September 30, 2012
 
314,765

 
$
23.03

 
$
6.92

 
1,026,746

 
$
27.26

Exercisable/vested at September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
711,981

 
$
29.12

The weighted-average remaining contractual terms were 5.7 years for all outstanding stock options and 4.1 years for exercisable stock options at September 30, 2012. The intrinsic value of all outstanding in-the-money stock options and exercisable in-the-money stock options was $0.7 million and $0.4 million, respectively, at September 30, 2012. The aggregate intrinsic values of outstanding and exercisable options at September 30, 2012 were calculated based on the closing market price of the Corporation’s common stock on September 30, 2012 of $24.20 per share less the exercise price. Options with intrinsic values less than zero, or “out-of-the-money” options, were not included in the aggregate intrinsic value reported.
At September 30, 2012, unrecognized compensation expense related to stock options totaled $1.7 million and is expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted average period of 2.2 years.
The fair value of the stock options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions.
Expected dividend yield
3.60
%
Risk-free interest rate
1.18
%
Expected stock price volatility
44.4
%
Expected life of options – in years
6.11

Weighted average per share fair value
$
7.08


Restricted Stock Units
In addition to stock options, during the nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Corporation granted restricted stock performance units and time restricted stock units (collectively referred to as restricted stock units) to certain officers. The restricted stock performance units vest based on the Corporation achieving certain performance target levels. The restricted stock performance units are eligible to vest from 0.5x to 1.5x the number of units originally granted depending on which, if any, of the performance target levels are met. However, if the minimum performance target level is not achieved, no shares will become vested or be issued for that respective year’s restricted stock performance units. The time restricted stock units vest upon satisfaction of a service condition. Upon achievement of the performance target level and/or satisfaction of a service condition, the restricted stock units are converted into shares of the Corporation’s common stock on a one-to-one basis. Compensation expense related to restricted stock units is recognized over the expected requisite performance or service period, as applicable.
A summary of the activity for restricted stock units as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 is presented below:
 
 
Number of
Units
 
Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
 Per Unit
Outstanding at January 1, 2012
 
130,512

 
$
20.90

Granted
 
69,772

 
22.20

Converted into shares of common stock
 
(35,101
)
 
23.28

Forfeited/expired
 
(8,428
)
 
23.05

Outstanding at September 30, 2012
 
156,755

 
$
20.83

At September 30, 2012, unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted stock unit awards totaled $2.1 million and is expected to be recognized over approximately two years.

Note 11: Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
The components of net periodic benefit cost (income) for the Corporation’s qualified and nonqualified pension plans and nonqualified postretirement benefit plan are as follows:
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
(In thousands)
Defined Benefit Pension Plans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service cost
 
$
304

 
$
290

 
$
910

 
$
872

Interest cost
 
1,214

 
1,207

 
3,644

 
3,622

Expected return on plan assets
 
(1,731
)
 
(1,582
)
 
(5,194
)
 
(4,746
)
Amortization of prior service credit
 

 

 
(1
)
 
(1
)
Amortization of unrecognized net loss
 
614

 
270

 
1,843

 
809

Net periodic benefit cost
 
$
401

 
$
185

 
$
1,202

 
$
556

Postretirement Benefit Plan
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest cost
 
$
37

 
$
42

 
$
110

 
$
125

Amortization of prior service credit
 
(75
)
 
(81
)
 
(225
)
 
(243
)
Amortization of unrecognized net gain
 
(7
)
 
(8
)
 
(21
)
 
(24
)
Net periodic benefit income
 
$
(45
)
 
$
(47
)
 
$
(136
)
 
$
(142
)
A minimum required contribution of $0.4 million is due to the Corporation’s pension plan during 2012, which will be fully funded by a portion of the plan’s available funding balance. The Corporation made a $12.0 million contribution to the pension plan during the first quarter of 2012 related to the 2011 plan year.
401(k) Savings Plan expense for the Corporation’s match of participants’ base compensation contributions and a 4% of eligible pay contribution to certain employees who are not grandfathered under the pension plan was $0.8 million and $0.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and $2.3 million and $2.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

Note 12: Financial Guarantees
In the normal course of business, the Corporation is a party to financial instruments containing credit risk that are not required to be reflected in the consolidated statements of financial position. For the Corporation, these financial instruments are financial and performance standby letters of credit. The Corporation has risk management policies to identify, monitor and limit exposure to credit risk. To mitigate credit risk for these financial guarantees, the Corporation generally determines the need for specific covenant, guarantee and collateral requirements on a case-by-case basis, depending on the nature of the financial instrument and the customer’s creditworthiness. At September 30, 2012December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011, the Corporation had $43 million, $46 million and $48 million, respectively, of outstanding financial and performance standby letters of credit which expire in five years or less. The majority of these standby letters of credit are collateralized. At September 30, 2012, the Corporation determined that there were no potential losses from standby letters of credit, and therefore, no reserve was needed at that date. At December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011, the Corporation had a reserve of $0.3 million related to potential losses from standby letters of credit.


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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following is management's discussion and analysis of certain significant factors that have affected the financial condition and results of operations of Chemical Financial Corporation (Corporation) during the periods included in the consolidated financial statements included in this report.
Critical Accounting Policies

The Corporation's consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) rules and interpretive releases and general practices within the industry in which the Corporation operates. Application of these principles requires management to make estimates, assumptions and complex judgments that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates, assumptions and judgments are based on information available as of the date of the financial statements; accordingly, as this information changes, the financial statements could reflect different estimates, assumptions and judgments. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. Certain policies inherently have a greater reliance on the use of estimates, assumptions and judgments and, as such, have a greater possibility of producing results that could be materially different than originally reported. Management has identified the determination of the allowance for loan losses, accounting for loans acquired in business combinations, pension plan accounting, income and other taxes, fair value measurements and the evaluation of goodwill impairment to be the accounting areas that require the most subjective or complex judgments, and as such, could be most subject to revision as new or additional information becomes available or circumstances change, including overall changes in the economic climate and/or market interest rates. Therefore, management considers them to be critical accounting policies and discusses them directly with the Audit Committee of the board of directors. The Corporation's significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note 1 to the audited consolidated financial statements contained in the Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 and the more significant assumptions and estimates made by management are more fully described in “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Policies” in the Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011. There were no material changes to the Corporation's significant accounting policies or the estimates made pursuant to those policies during the most recent quarter.
Acquisitions
Pending Branch Acquisition

On May 23, 2012, Chemical Bank, the wholly-owned banking subsidiary of the Corporation, entered into a purchase and assumption agreement with Independent Bank, a wholly-owned banking subsidiary of Independent Bank Corporation, to acquire 21 branches located in the Northeastern and Battle Creek regions of Michigan. Under the terms of the agreement, Chemical Bank will assume approximately $420 million in customer deposits at a blended premium of approximately 2.93% and acquire approximately $50 million of loans at a discount of 1.75%. The branch acquisition, which has received regulatory approval, is expected to close during the fourth quarter of 2012. The Corporation expects the branch acquisition to be accretive to earnings per share upon closing, excluding estimated one-time transaction related expenses of $2.9 million, of which $1.1 million of transaction related expenses were incurred during the first nine months of 2012 and $1.8 million are estimated to be incurred during the fourth quarter of 2012. The Corporation anticipates recognizing goodwill of approximately $7 million related to the branch acquisition.

Upon completion of the branch acquisition, the Corporation and Chemical Bank are both expected to remain categorized as well-capitalized under applicable regulatory requirements. Accordingly, the Corporation's management has determined that the Corporation will not need to raise additional capital in conjunction with the branch acquisition.
Acquisition of O.A.K. Financial Corporation

On April 30, 2010, the Corporation acquired O.A.K. Financial Corporation (OAK) for total consideration of $83.7 million. OAK, a bank holding company, owned Byron Bank, which provided traditional banking services and products through 14 banking offices serving communities in Ottawa, Allegan and Kent counties in west Michigan. At April 30, 2010, OAK had total assets of $820 million, including total loans of $627 million, and total deposits of $693 million, including brokered deposits of $193 million. The Corporation operated Byron Bank as a separate subsidiary from the acquisition date until July 23, 2010, the date Byron Bank was consolidated with and into Chemical Bank.


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Summary

The Corporation's net income was $13.1 million, or $0.48 per diluted share, in the third quarter of 2012, compared to net income of $13.9 million, or $0.50 per diluted share, in the second quarter of 2012 and net income of $11.6 million, or $0.42 per diluted share, in the third quarter of 2011. The decrease in net income and earnings per share in the third quarter of 2012, compared to the second quarter of 2012, was attributable to lower noninterest income, higher operating expenses and a higher provision for loan losses that was partially offset by higher net interest income. The increase in net income and earnings per share in the third quarter of 2012, compared to the third quarter of 2011, was attributable to a lower provision for loan losses and higher net interest income and noninterest income that was partially offset by higher operating expenses.

Return on average assets, on an annualized basis, was 0.96% in the third quarter of 2012, compared to 1.04% in the second quarter of 2012 and 0.87% in the third quarter of 2011. Return on average equity, on an annualized basis, was 8.8% in the third quarter of 2012, compared to 9.6% in the second quarter of 2012 and 8.0% in the third quarter of 2011.

Financial Condition
Total Assets

Total assets were $5.58 billion at September 30, 2012, an increase of $241 million, or 4.5%, from total assets of $5.34 billion at December 31, 2011 and an increase of $141 million, or 2.6%, from total assets of $5.44 billion at September 30, 2011.

Interest-earning assets were $5.24 billion at September 30, 2012, an increase of $256 million, or 5.1%, from interest-earning assets of $4.99 billion at December 31, 2011 and an increase of $160 million, or 3.2%, from interest-earning assets of $5.08 billion at September 30, 2011.

The increases in total assets and interest-earning assets during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 were primarily attributable to growth in loans that was funded by seasonal increases in municipal customer deposits. The increases in total assets and interest-bearing assets during the twelve months ended September 30, 2012 were primarily attributable to loan growth , which was partially offset by a reduction in interest-bearing deposits held at the Federal Reserve Bank.

Investment Securities

The carrying value of investment securities totaled $868.1 million at September 30, 2012, an increase of $17.5 million, or 2.1%, from investment securities of $850.6 million at December 31, 2011 and an increase of $71.2 million, or 8.9%, from investment securities of $796.9 million at September 30, 2011. The increases in investment securities during the nine and twelve month periods ended September 30, 2012 were primarily attributable to the Corporation deploying a portion of its liquidity into investment securities to obtain a higher yield than the 25 basis points it would have received by maintaining excess funds at the Federal Reserve Bank, as the Corporation does not expect short-term interest rates to increase significantly over the next 12 to 18 months. At September 30, 2012, the Corporation's investment securities portfolio consisted of $101.5 million in government sponsored agency (GSA) debt obligations comprised primarily of fixed-rate senior bonds issued by the twelve regional Federal Home Loan Banks that make up the Federal Home Loan Bank System (FHLBanks) and variable-rate instruments backed by the Federal Farm Credit Bank, Small Business Administration and Student Loan Marketing Corporation; $263.3 million in state and political subdivisions debt obligations comprised primarily of general debt obligations of issuers primarily located in the State of Michigan; $105.2 million in residential mortgage-backed securities (MBSs) comprised primarily of fixed rate instruments backed by a U.S. government agency (Government National Mortgage Association) or government sponsored enterprises (Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation and Federal National Mortgage Association); $299.1 million of collaterized mortgage obligations (CMOs) comprised primarily of variable-rate instruments backed by the same U.S. government agency and government sponsored enterprises as the residential MBSs with average maturities of less than three years; $82.1 million in corporate bonds comprised primarily of debt obligations of large national financial organizations; $6.4 million of preferred stock securities of two large regional/national banks and one Michigan bank holding company; and $10.5 million of trust preferred securities (TRUPs) comprised primarily of a 100% interest in a TRUP of a non-public bank holding company in Michigan.

The Corporation uses a third-party pricing service as its primary source for obtaining market value prices for its investment securities portfolio. On a quarterly basis, the Corporation validates the reasonableness of prices received from the third-party pricing service through independent price verification on a representative sample of investment securities in the portfolio, data integrity validation through comparison of current market prices to prior period market prices, and performing overall analytical expectations of movement in market prices based upon the changes in the related yield curves and other market factors. On a periodic basis, the Corporation reviews the pricing methodology of the third-party pricing vendor for pricing relevant investment securities and results of internal control assessments.

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The Corporation's investment securities portfolio with a carrying value of $868.1 million at September 30, 2012, had gross impairment of $8.2 million at that date. Management believed that the unrealized losses on investment securities were temporary in nature and due primarily to changes in interest rates on the investment securities and market illiquidity and not as a result of credit-related issues. Accordingly, at September 30, 2012, the Corporation believed the impairment in its investment securities portfolio was temporary in nature and, therefore, no impairment loss was realized in the Corporation's consolidated statement of income for the nine months ended September 30, 2012. However, other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) may occur in the future as a result of material declines in the fair value of investment securities resulting from market, credit, economic or other conditions. A further discussion of the assessment of potential impairment and the Corporation's process that resulted in the conclusion that the impairment was temporary in nature follows.

At September 30, 2012, the Corporation's investment securities portfolio had gross impairment of $8.2 million comprised as follows: GSA securities, residential MBSs and CMOs, combined, with gross impairment of $0.6 million; state and political subdivisions securities with gross impairment of $1.7 million; corporate bonds with gross impairment of $0.6 million; and TRUPs with gross impairment of $5.3 million. The amortized costs and fair values of investment securities are disclosed in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements.

GSA securities, residential MBSs and CMOs, included in the available-for-sale investment securities portfolio, with a combined amortized cost of $501.2 million had gross impairment of $0.6 million at September 30, 2012. Virtually all of the impaired investment securities in these categories are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government or a guarantee of a U.S. government agency or government sponsored enterprise. The Corporation determined that the impairment on these investment securities was attributable to the slight reduction in market interest rates since these investment securities were purchased. The Corporation concluded that the impairment of its GSA securities, residential MBSs and CMOs was temporary in nature at September 30, 2012.

State and political subdivisions securities, included in the available-for-sale and the held-to-maturity investment securities portfolios, with an amortized cost of $260.7 million had gross impairment of $1.7 million at September 30, 2012. The majority of these investment securities are from issuers primarily located in the State of Michigan and are general obligations of the issuer, meaning that repayment of these obligations is funded by general tax collections of the issuer. The gross impairment was attributable to impaired state and political subdivisions securities with an amortized cost of $73.1 million that generally mature beyond 2013. It was the Corporation's assessment that the impairment on these investment securities was attributable to the slight reduction in market interest rates since these investment securities were purchased and illiquidity in the market for these investment securities caused by the market's perception of the Michigan economy. The Corporation concluded that the impairment of its state and political subdivisions securities was temporary in nature at September 30, 2012.

Corporate bonds, included in the available-for-sale investment securities portfolio, with an amortized cost of $82.2 million had gross impairment of $0.6 million at September 30, 2012. All of the corporate bonds held at September 30, 2012 were of an investment grade. The investment grade ratings of all of the corporate bonds indicated that the obligors' capacities to meet their financial commitments was “strong.” It was the Corporation's assessment that the impairment on the corporate bonds was attributable to the slight reduction in market interest rates since these investment securities were purchased and the recent negative market perception of the financial industry and not due to credit-related issues. The Corporation concluded that the impairment of its corporate bonds was temporary in nature at September 30, 2012.

At September 30, 2012, the Corporation held two TRUPs in the held-to-maturity investment securities portfolio, with a combined amortized cost of $10.5 million that had gross impairment of $5.3 million. One TRUP, with an amortized cost of $10.0 million, represents a 100% interest in a TRUP of a non-public bank holding company in Michigan that was purchased in the second quarter of 2008. At September 30, 2012, the Corporation determined that the fair value of this TRUP was $5.0 million. The second TRUP, with an amortized cost of $0.5 million, represents a 10% interest in the TRUP of another non-public bank holding company in Michigan. At September 30, 2012, the Corporation determined the fair value of this TRUP was $0.2 million. The fair value measurements of the two TRUP investments were developed based upon market pricing observations of much larger banking institutions in an illiquid market, adjusted by risk measurements. The fair values of the Corporation's TRUPs were based on calculations of discounted cash flows, and further based upon both observable inputs and appropriate risk adjustments that market participants would make for performance, liquidity and issuer specifics. See the additional discussion of the development of the fair values of the TRUPs in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements. Management reviewed available financial information of the issuers of the TRUPs as of September 30, 2012.

The issuer of the $10.0 million TRUP reported net income in each of the first three quarters of 2012 and in each of the three years ended December 31, 2011 and was categorized as well-capitalized under applicable regulatory requirements during that time. Based on an analysis of financial information provided by the issuer, it was the Corporation's opinion that, as of September 30,

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2012, this issuer appeared to be a financially sound financial institution with sufficient liquidity to meet its financial obligations in 2012. There have been no material adverse changes in the issuer's financial performance since the TRUP was issued and purchased by the Corporation and no indication that any material adverse trends were developing that would suggest that the issuer would be unable to make all future principal and interest payments under the TRUP. Quarterly common stock cash dividends have consistently been paid by the issuer and the Corporation understands that the issuer's management anticipates cash dividends to continue to be paid in the future. All scheduled interest payments on this TRUP have been made on a timely basis. The principal of $10.0 million of this TRUP matures in 2038, with interest payments due quarterly. At September 30, 2012, the Corporation was not aware of any regulatory issues, memorandums of understanding or cease and desist orders that had been issued to the issuer or its subsidiaries. In reviewing all reasonably available information regarding the issuer, including past performance and its financial and liquidity position, it was the Corporation's opinion that the future cash flows of the issuer supported the carrying value of the TRUP at its original cost of $10.0 million at September 30, 2012. While the total fair value of the TRUP was $5.0 million below the Corporation's amortized cost at September 30, 2012, the Corporation concluded that, based on the overall financial condition of the issuer, the impairment was temporary in nature at September 30, 2012.

The issuer of the $0.5 million TRUP reported a small amount of net income in 2011 and the first six months of 2012, compared to net losses reported in both 2010 and 2009. At September 30, 2012, the issuer was categorized as well-capitalized under applicable regulatory requirements. All scheduled interest payments on this TRUP have been made on a timely basis. The principal of $0.5 million of this TRUP matures in 2033, with interest payments due quarterly. At September 30, 2012, the Corporation was not aware of any regulatory issues, memorandums of understanding or cease and desist orders that had been issued to the issuer of this TRUP or any subsidiary. In reviewing all reasonably available financial information regarding the $0.5 million TRUP, it was the Corporation's opinion that the carrying value of this TRUP at its original cost of $0.5 million was supported by the issuer's financial position at September 30, 2012. While the fair value of the TRUP was $0.3 million below the Corporation's amortized cost at September 30, 2012, the Corporation concluded that the impairment was temporary in nature at September 30, 2012.

At September 30, 2012, the Corporation expected to fully recover the entire amortized cost basis of each impaired investment security in its investment securities portfolio at that date. Furthermore, at September 30, 2012, the Corporation did not have the intent to sell any of its impaired investment securities and believed that it was more-likely-than-not that the Corporation would not have to sell any of its impaired investment securities before a full recovery of amortized cost. However, there can be no assurance that OTTI losses will not be recognized on the TRUPs or on any other investment security in the future.

Loans

The Corporation's loan portfolio is comprised of commercial, real estate commercial, real estate construction and land development loans, referred to as the Corporation's commercial loan portfolio, and real estate residential, consumer installment and home equity loans, referred to as the Corporation's consumer loan portfolio. At September 30, 2012, the Corporation's loan portfolio was $4.02 billion and consisted of loans in the commercial loan portfolio totaling $2.16 billion, or 54% of total loans, and loans in the consumer loan portfolio totaling $1.86 billion, or 46% of total loans. Loans at fixed interest rates comprised 72% of the Corporation's total loan portfolio at both September 30, 2012 and June 30, 2012, compared to 71% at December 31, 2011 and 73% at September 30, 2011.

Chemical Bank is a full-service commercial bank and the acceptance and management of credit risk is an integral part of the Corporation's business. The Corporation maintains loan policies and credit underwriting standards as part of the process of managing credit risk. These standards include making loans generally only within the Corporation's market areas. The Corporation's lending markets generally consist of communities across the middle to southern and western sections of the lower peninsula of Michigan. The Corporation's lending market areas do not include the southeastern portion of Michigan. The Corporation has no foreign loans or any loans to finance highly leveraged transactions. The Corporation's lending philosophy is implemented through strong administrative and reporting controls. The Corporation maintains a centralized independent loan review function that monitors the approval process and ongoing asset quality of the loan portfolio.

Total loans were $4.02 billion at September 30, 2012, an increase of $57 million, or 1.4%, from total loans of $3.96 billion at June 30, 2012, an increase of $188 million, or 4.9%, from total loans of $3.83 billion at December 31, 2011 and an increase of $259 million, or 6.9%, from total loans of $3.76 billion at September 30, 2011. The increases in total loans were attributable to a combination of improving economic conditions and higher loan demand, as well as the Corporation increasing its market share.


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Table of Contents

A summary of the composition of the Corporation's loan portfolio, by major loan category, follows:
 
 
September 30,
2012
 
June 30,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
 
September 30,
2011
 
 
(In thousands)
Commercial loan portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
$
951,938

 
$
915,352

 
$
895,150

 
$
858,969

Real estate commercial
 
1,117,073

 
1,119,655

 
1,071,999

 
1,056,092

Real estate construction and land development
 
90,882

 
94,227

 
118,176

 
119,829

Subtotal
 
2,159,893

 
2,129,234

 
2,085,325

 
2,034,890

Consumer loan portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate residential
 
880,295

 
873,214

 
861,716

 
840,044

Consumer installment and home equity
 
978,971

 
959,894

 
884,244

 
885,492

Subtotal
 
1,859,266

 
1,833,108

 
1,745,960

 
1,725,536

Total loans
 
$
4,019,159

 
$
3,962,342

 
$
3,831,285

 
$
3,760,426

A discussion of the Corporation’s loan portfolio by category follows.
Commercial Loan Portfolio

The Corporation's commercial loan portfolio is comprised of commercial loans, real estate commercial loans, real estate construction loans and land development loans. The Corporation's commercial loan portfolio is well diversified across business lines and has no concentration in any one industry. The commercial loan portfolio of $2.16 billion at September 30, 2012 included 62 loan relationships of $5.0 million or greater. These 62 loan relationships totaled $499 million and represented 23% of the commercial loan portfolio at September 30, 2012 and included 12 loan relationships that had outstanding balances of $10 million or higher, totaling $150 million, or 7%, of the commercial loan portfolio at that date. Further, the Corporation had 11 loan relationships at September 30, 2012 with loan balances greater than $5.0 million and less than $10 million, totaling $89 million, that had unfunded credit commitments totaling $52 million that, if advanced, could result in a loan relationship of $10 million or more.

Commercial loans consist of loans and lines of credit to varying types of businesses, including municipalities, school districts and nonprofit organizations, for the purpose of supporting working capital and operational needs and term financing of equipment. Repayment of such loans is generally provided through operating cash flows of the customer. Commercial loans are generally secured with inventory, accounts receivable, equipment, personal guarantees of the owner or other sources of repayment, although the Corporation may also obtain real estate as collateral.

Commercial loans were $951.9 million at September 30, 2012, an increase of $36.6 million, or 4.0%, from commercial loans of $915.4 million at June 30, 2012, an increase of $56.8 million, or 6.3%, from commercial loans of $895.2 million at December 31, 2011 and an increase of $93.0 million, or 10.8%, from commercial loans of $859.0 million at September 30, 2011. Commercial loans represented 23.7% of the Corporation's loan portfolio at September 30, 2012, compared to 23.1%, 23.3% and 22.8% at June 30, 2012, December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011, respectively.

Real estate commercial loans include loans that are secured by real estate occupied by the borrower for ongoing operations, non-owner occupied real estate leased to one or more tenants and vacant land that has been acquired for investment or future land development. Real estate commercial loans were $1.12 billion at September 30, 2012, a decrease of $2.6 million from real estate commercial loans at June 30, 2012, although an increase of $45.1 million, or 4.2%, from real estate commercial loans of $1.07 billion at December 31, 2011 and an increase of $61.0 million, or 5.8%, from real estate commercial loans of $1.06 billion at September 30, 2011. Loans secured by owner occupied properties, non-owner occupied properties and vacant land comprised 60%, 37% and 3%, respectively, of the Corporation's real estate commercial loans outstanding at September 30, 2012. Real estate commercial loans represented 27.8% of the Corporation's loan portfolio at September 30, 2012, compared to 28.3%, 28.0% and 28.1% at June 30, 2012, December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011, respectively.

Real estate commercial lending is generally considered to involve a higher degree of risk than real estate residential, consumer installment and home equity lending, and typically involves larger loan balances concentrated in a single borrower. In addition, the payment experience on loans secured by income-producing properties and vacant land loans are typically dependent on the success of the operation of the related project and is typically affected by adverse conditions in the real estate market and in the economy.

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The Corporation generally attempts to mitigate the risks associated with commercial and real estate commercial lending by, among other things, lending primarily in its market areas, lending across industry lines, not developing a concentration in any one line of business and using prudent loan-to-value ratios in the underwriting process. Michigan's economy showed signs of improvement during 2011 and the first nine months of 2012, resulting in lower loan delinquencies compared to the previous three years. However, the economy in the State of Michigan continues to be strained by low levels of economic growth in many areas, resulting in commercial and residential real estate foreclosures continuing to remain higher than historical averages. Accordingly, management expects real estate foreclosures to remain elevated despite improvements in Michigan's economy. It is management's belief that the loan portfolio is generally well-secured, despite declining market values for all types of real estate in the State of Michigan and nationwide over the past three years.

Real estate construction and land development loans are primarily originated for construction of commercial properties and land development. Land development loans include loans made to developers for the purpose of infrastructure improvements to vacant land to create finished marketable residential and commercial lots/land. Real estate construction loans often convert to a real estate commercial loan at the completion of the construction period; however, most land development loans are originated with the intention that the loans will be repaid through the sale of finished properties by the developers within twelve months of the completion date. Real estate construction and land development loans were $90.9 million at September 30, 2012, a decrease of $3.3 million, or 3.5%, from real estate construction and land development loans of $94.2 million at June 30, 2012, a decrease of $27.3 million, or 23.1%, from real estate construction and land development loans of $118.2 million at December 31, 2011 and a decrease of $28.9 million, or 24.2%, from real estate construction and land development loans of $119.8 million at September 30, 2011. The Corporation's land development loans totaled $34.8 million, $39.7 million, $44.8 million and $47.0 million at September 30, 2012, June 30, 2012, December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011, respectively, and consisted primarily of loans to develop residential real estate. Real estate construction and land development loans represented 2.3% of the Corporation's loan portfolio at September 30, 2012, compared to 2.4%, 3.1% and 3.2% at June 30, 2012, December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011, respectively.

Real estate construction lending involves a higher degree of risk than real estate commercial lending and real estate residential lending because of the uncertainties of construction, including the possibility of costs exceeding the initial estimates, the need to obtain a tenant or purchaser of the property if it will not be owner-occupied or the need to sell developed properties. The Corporation generally attempts to mitigate the risks associated with real estate construction lending by, among other things, lending primarily in its market areas, using prudent underwriting guidelines and closely monitoring the construction process. The Corporation's risk in this area has increased since early 2008 due to the weak economic environment within the State of Michigan. While the economy in Michigan began improving in 2011, the sale of lots and units in both residential and commercial development projects remains weak, as customer demand also remains low, resulting in the inventory of unsold lots and housing units remaining high across the State of Michigan and resulting in the inability of most developers to sell their finished developed lots and units within their original expected time frames. Accordingly, the Corporation's land development borrowers have sold only a small percentage of their developed lots or units since early 2008 due to the unfavorable economic environment. At September 30, 2012, $10.5 million, or 30%, of the Corporation's $34.8 million of land development loans were impaired, whereby the Corporation determined it was probable that the full amount of principal and interest would not be collected on these loans in accordance with their original contractual terms.
Consumer Loan Portfolio

The Corporation's consumer loan portfolio is comprised of real estate residential loans, consumer installment loans and home equity loans and lines of credit.

Real estate residential loans consist primarily of one- to four-family residential loans with fixed interest rates of fifteen years or less. The loan-to-value ratio at the time of origination is generally 80% or less. Loans with more than an 80% loan-to-value ratio generally require private mortgage insurance.

Real estate residential loans were $880.3 million at September 30, 2012, an increase of $7.1 million, or 0.8%, from real estate residential loans of $873.2 million at June 30, 2012, an increase of $18.6 million, or 2.2%, from real estate residential loans of $861.7 million at December 31, 2011 and an increase of $40.3 million, or 4.8%, from real estate residential loans of $840.0 million at September 30, 2011. Real estate residential loans have historically involved the least amount of credit risk in the Corporation's loan portfolio, although the risk on these loans has increased with the increase in the unemployment rate in the State of Michigan and the decrease in real estate property values in the State of Michigan. Real estate residential loans also include loans to consumers for the construction of single family residences that are secured by these properties. Real estate residential construction loans to consumers were $23.8 million at September 30, 2012, compared to $28.8 million at June 30, 2012, $21.6 million at December

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31, 2011 and $16.9 million at September 30, 2011. Real estate residential loans represented 21.9% of the Corporation's loan portfolio at September 30, 2012, compared to 22.0%, 22.5% and 22.3% at June 30, 2012, December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011, respectively.

During the first nine months of 2012, the Corporation originated $386 million of real estate residential loans, of which it retained $161 million in its loan portfolio, with the majority of the real estate residential loan originations attributable to refinances of existing loans as real estate residential loans increased only $19 million during that time. The demand for longer term fixed interest rate real estate residential loans was high in 2011 and the first nine months of 2012 due to the historical low level of long-term interest rates. The Corporation has historically sold fixed interest rate real estate residential loans originated with maturities of fifteen years and over in the secondary market. However, due to a general low level of loan demand across its market areas, the Corporation retained $63 million of fixed interest rate real estate residential loans with terms of fifteen years in its loan portfolio during the first nine months of 2012, compared to $99 million for all of 2011. At September 30, 2012, $286 million, or 33%, of the Corporation's real estate residential loans were at fixed interest rates with maturities beyond beyond five years, compared to $277 million, or 32%, at June 30, 2012 and $268 million, or 31%, at December 31, 2011.

The Corporation's consumer installment and home equity loans (collectively referred to as consumer loans) consist of relatively small loan amounts to consumers to finance personal items, primarily automobiles, recreational vehicles, boats and home improvements. Consumer loans are spread across many individual borrowers, which minimizes the risk per loan transaction. Consumer installment loans include indirect loans for automobiles, recreational vehicles and marine vehicles purchased from dealerships. Home equity loans, including home equity lines of credit, are comprised of loans to consumers who utilize equity in their personal residence, including junior lien mortgages, as collateral to secure the loan or line of credit. Collateral values on properties securing consumer loans are negatively impacted by many factors, including the physical condition of the collateral and property values, although losses on consumer loans are often more significantly impacted by the unemployment rate and other economic conditions.

Consumer loans were $979.0 million at September 30, 2012, an increase of $19.1 million, or 2.0%, from consumer loans of $959.9 million at June 30, 2012, an increase of $94.7 million, or 10.7%, from consumer loans of $884.2 million at December 31, 2011 and an increase of $93.5 million, or 10.6%, from consumer loans of $885.5 million at September 30, 2011. The significant increase in consumer loans during 2012 was primarily attributable to Chemical Bank's spring loan program, combined with an increase in demand for consumer loans. Chemical Bank's spring loan program in 2012 generally consisted of direct and indirect consumer loans with interest rates starting at 1.99%, depending on the credit rating of the borrower. As a result of the success of the spring loan program, Chemical Bank began a fall consumer loan program in September 2012 with interest rates similar to the spring loan program. At September 30, 2012, approximately 46% of consumer loans were secured by the borrowers' personal residences (of which approximately 40% were first lien mortgages and 60% were junior lien mortgages), 25% by automobiles, 19% by recreational vehicles, 8% by marine vehicles and the remaining 2% was mostly unsecured. Consumer loans represented 24.4% of the Corporation's loan portfolio at September 30, 2012, compared to 24.2%, 23.1% and 23.5% at June 30, 2012, December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011, respectively.

Consumer loans generally have shorter terms than residential mortgage loans, but generally involve more credit risk than real estate residential lending because of the type and nature of the collateral. The Corporation originates consumer loans utilizing a computer-based credit scoring analysis to supplement the underwriting process. Consumer lending collections are dependent on the borrowers' continuing financial stability and are more likely to be affected by adverse personal situations. The unemployment rate in the State of Michigan was 9.3% at September 30, 2012, up from 8.6% at June 30, 2012, unchanged from December 31, 2011 and down from 10.2% at September 30, 2011, although still higher than the national average of 7.8% at September 30, 2012.

The Corporation experienced decreases in losses on consumer loans, with net loan losses totaling 51 basis points (annualized) of average consumer loans during the first nine months of 2012, compared to 59 basis points of average consumer loans in 2011, with the decrease primarily attributable to fewer losses on the Corporation's home equity loans and lines of credit. Net losses on the Corporation's home equity loans and lines of credit totaled 41 basis points (annualized) during the first nine months of 2012, compared to 55 basis points in 2011, while net losses on the Corporation's remaining consumer loans (direct and indirect loans secured by personal property or unsecured) totaled 60 basis points (annualized) during the first nine months of 2012, compared to 61 basis points in 2011. The credit risk on home equity loans and lines of credit has historically been low as property values of residential real estate had historically increased year over year. However, the credit risk on home equity loans and lines of credit secured by junior liens increased during the years 2008-2010 as property values declined throughout the State of Michigan. While Michigan's economy has shown signs of improvement, an increase in property values in Michigan has been slow to follow. The majority of the Corporation's home equity lines of credit are comprised of loans with payments of interest only until their maturity. Home equity lines of credit have original maturities up to ten years. Home equity lines of credit comprised 19% of the Corporation's consumer loans at September 30, 2012, compared to 20% at June 30, 2012, and 21% at both December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011.

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Nonperforming Assets

Nonperforming assets include nonperforming loans, which consist of originated loans for which the accrual of interest has been discontinued (nonaccrual loans), originated loans that are past due as to principal or interest by 90 days or more and still accruing interest and originated loans that have been modified under troubled debt restructurings (TDRs) where a concession has been granted to the borrower due to a decline in credit quality of the loan and the borrower has not satisfied the Corporation's payment policy (as described below) to be considered performing. Nonperforming assets also include assets obtained through foreclosures and repossessions, including foreclosed and repossessed assets acquired as a result of the OAK acquisition. The Corporation transfers an originated loan that is 90 days or more past due to nonaccrual status (except for loans that are secured by residential real estate, which are transferred at 120 days past due), unless it believes the loan is both well-secured and in the process of collection. TDRs continue to be reported as nonperforming loans until a six-month payment history of principal and interest payments is sustained in accordance with the terms of the loan modification, at which time the loan is no longer considered a nonperforming asset and the Corporation moves the loan to a performing TDR status.

Nonperforming assets were $110.3 million at September 30, 2012, a decrease of $6.0 million, or 5.1%, from $116.3 million at June 30, 2012, a decrease of $21.5 million, or 16%, from $131.8 million at December 31, 2011 and a decrease of $38.8 million, or 26%, from $149.1 million at September 30, 2011. Nonperforming assets represented 2.0%, 2.2%, 2.5% and 2.7%, of total assets at September 30, 2012, June 30, 2012, December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011, respectively. The decreases in nonperforming assets are a sign of improvement in the credit quality of the Corporation's loan portfolio and the improving economic climate in Michigan that began in 2011. However, the Corporation's levels of nonperforming assets have remained elevated, compared to historical levels, due to the unfavorable economic climate within the State of Michigan that has existed for more than four years, which resulted in cash flow difficulties being encountered by many business and consumer loan customers. The Corporation's nonperforming assets are not concentrated in any one industry or any one geographical area within Michigan, other than $8.4 million in nonperforming land development loans. At September 30, 2012, there were four commercial loan relationships exceeding $2.5 million, totaling $14.6 million, which were in nonperforming status. Based on declines in both residential and commercial real estate appraised values due to the weakness in the Michigan economy over the past several years, management continues to evaluate and, when appropriate, obtain new appraisals or discount appraised values to compute net realizable values of nonperforming real estate secured loans and other real estate properties. While the economic climate within Michigan has shown signs of improvement, it is management's belief that nonperforming assets will remain at elevated levels through the remainder of 2012 and beyond.


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The following schedule provides a summary of nonperforming assets, including the composition of nonperforming loans by major loan category.

 
 
September 30,
2012
 
June 30,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Nonaccrual loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
$
15,217

 
$
12,673

 
$
10,726

Real estate commercial
 
41,311

 
41,691

 
44,438

Real estate construction and land development
 
6,664

 
3,485

 
6,190

Real estate residential
 
11,307

 
12,613

 
12,573

Consumer installment and home equity
 
3,825

 
3,994

 
4,467

Total nonaccrual loans
 
78,324

 
74,456

 
78,394

Accruing loans contractually past due 90 days or more as to interest or principal payments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
273

 
300

 
1,381

Real estate commercial
 
247

 
269

 
374

Real estate construction and land development
 

 

 
287

Real estate residential
 
431

 
840

 
752

Consumer installment and home equity
 
1,147

 
1,157

 
1,023

Total accruing loans contractually past due 90 days or more as to interest or principal payments
 
2,098

 
2,566

 
3,817

Nonperforming TDRs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loan portfolio
 
6,553

 
11,691

 
14,675

Consumer loan portfolio
 
3,902

 
4,098

 
9,383

Total nonperforming TDRs
 
10,455

 
15,789

 
24,058

Total nonperforming loans
 
90,877

 
92,811

 
106,269

Other real estate and repossessed assets(1)
 
19,467

 
23,509

 
25,484

Total nonperforming assets
 
$
110,344

 
$
116,320

 
$
131,753

Nonperforming loans as a percent of total loans
 
2.26
%
 
2.34
%
 
2.77
%
Nonperforming assets as a percent of total assets
 
1.98
%
 
2.17
%
 
2.47
%
 
(1)
Includes property acquired through foreclosure and by acceptance of a deed in lieu of foreclosure and other property held-for-sale, including properties acquired as a result of the OAK acquisition.

The following schedule summarizes changes in nonaccrual loans during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011.
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
(In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period
 
$
74,456

 
$
105,350

 
$
78,394

 
$
102,962

Additions during period
 
16,944

 
12,541

 
42,387

 
52,003

Principal balances charged off
 
(3,663
)
 
(7,413
)
 
(12,965
)
 
(22,605
)
Transfers to other real estate/repossessed assets
 
(3,339
)
 
(7,063
)
 
(8,994
)
 
(11,368
)
Returned to accrual status
 
(1,060
)
 
(6,542
)
 
(9,440
)
 
(12,884
)
Payments received
 
(5,014
)
 
(5,761
)
 
(11,058
)
 
(16,996
)
Balance at end of period
 
$
78,324

 
$
91,112

 
$
78,324

 
$
91,112



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The following schedule provides the composition of nonperforming loans by major loan category.
 
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
June 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
 
 
Amount
 
Percent
of Total
 
Amount
 
Percent
of Total
 
Amount
 
Percent
of Total
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial loan portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
$
18,044

 
20
%
 
$
17,257

 
19
%
 
$
15,684

 
15
%
Real estate commercial
 
43,803

 
48

 
47,729

 
51

 
55,791

 
53

Real estate construction and land development
 
8,418

 
9

 
5,123

 
6

 
6,596

 
6

Subtotal-commercial loan portfolio
 
70,265

 
77

 
70,109

 
76

 
78,071

 
74

Consumer loan portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate residential
 
15,640

 
17

 
17,551

 
18

 
22,708

 
21

Consumer installment and home equity
 
4,972

 
6

 
5,151

 
6

 
5,490

 
5

Subtotal-consumer loan portfolio
 
20,612

 
23

 
22,702

 
24

 
28,198

 
26

Total nonperforming loans
 
$
90,877

 
100
%
 
$
92,811

 
100
%
 
$
106,269

 
100
%

Total nonperforming loans were $90.9 million at September 30, 2012, a decrease of $1.9 million, or 2.1%, compared to $92.8 million at June 30, 2012 and a decrease of $15.4 million, or 14%, compared to $106.3 million at December 31, 2011. The Corporation's nonperforming loans in the commercial loan portfolio were $70.3 million at September 30, 2012, an increase of $0.2 million, or 0.2%, from $70.1 million at June 30, 2012 and a decrease of $7.8 million, or 10%, from $78.1 million at December 31, 2011. Nonperforming loans in the commercial loan portfolio comprised 77% of total nonperforming loans at September 30, 2012, compared to 76% of total nonperforming loans at June 30, 2012 and 74% of total nonperforming loans at December 31, 2011. The Corporation's nonperforming loans in the consumer loan portfolio were $20.6 million at September 30, 2012, a decrease of $2.1 million, or 9.2%, from $22.7 million at June 30, 2012 and a decrease of $7.6 million, or 27%, from $28.2 million at December 31, 2011.
Nonperforming Loans — Commercial Loan Portfolio

The following schedule presents data related to nonperforming loans in the commercial loan portfolio by dollar amount at September 30, 2012, June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011.

 
 
September 30, 2012
 
June 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
 
 
Number of
Borrowers
 
Amount
 
Number of
Borrowers
 
Amount
 
Number of
Borrowers
 
Amount
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
$5,000,000 or more
 
1

 
$
6,083

 
1

 
$
6,161

 
1

 
$
6,906

$2,500,000 – $4,999,999
 
3

 
8,477

 
2

 
5,171

 
2

 
5,192

$1,000,000 – $2,499,999
 
10

 
16,081

 
12

 
18,874

 
14

 
23,516

$500,000 – $999,999
 
21

 
15,448

 
20

 
14,652

 
19

 
13,565

$250,000 – $499,999
 
29

 
10,068

 
35

 
12,218

 
39

 
13,738

Under $250,000
 
167

 
14,108

 
151

 
13,033

 
177

 
15,154

Total
 
231

 
$
70,265

 
221

 
$
70,109

 
252

 
$
78,071


Nonperforming commercial loans were $18.0 million at September 30, 2012, an increase of $0.7 million, or 4.6%, from $17.3 million at June 30, 2012 and an increase of $2.4 million, or 15%, from $15.7 million at December 31, 2011. Nonperforming commercial loans comprised 1.9% of total commercial loans at both September 30, 2012 and June 30, 2012, compared to 1.8% at December 31, 2011. Nonperforming commercial loans were not concentrated in any single industry.

Nonperforming real estate commercial loans were $43.8 million at September 30, 2012, a decrease of $3.9 million, or 8.2%, from $47.7 million at June 30, 2012 and a decrease of $12.0 million, or 21%, from $55.8 million at December 31, 2011. Nonperforming real estate commercial loans comprised 3.9% of total real estate commercial loans at September 30, 2012, compared to 4.3% at June 30, 2012 and 5.2% at December 31, 2011. Nonperforming real estate commercial loans secured by owner occupied real

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estate, non-owner occupied real estate and vacant land totaled $24.2 million, $12.6 million and $7.0 million, respectively, at September 30, 2012, and comprised 4.2%, 4.1% and 23.7%, respectively, of total owner occupied real estate, non-owner occupied real estate and vacant land loans included in the Corporation's originated real estate commercial loans at September 30, 2012. At September 30, 2012, the Corporation's nonperforming real estate commercial loans were comprised of a diverse mix of commercial lines of business and were also geographically disbursed throughout the Corporation's market areas. The largest concentration of the $43.8 million in nonperforming real estate commercial loans at September 30, 2012 was one customer relationship totaling $5.8 million that was secured by a combination of vacant land and non-owner occupied commercial real estate. This same customer relationship had another $0.3 million included in nonperforming real estate construction and land development loans and $0.4 million included in nonperforming real estate residential loans. At September 30, 2012, $8.6 million of the nonperforming real estate commercial loans were in various stages of foreclosure with 28 borrowers. Challenges remain in the Michigan economy, despite some signs of improvement, thus creating a difficult business environment for many lines of business across the state.

Nonperforming real estate construction and land development loans were $8.4 million at September 30, 2012, an increase of $3.3 million, or 64%, from $5.1 million at June 30, 2012 and an increase of $1.8 million, or 28%, from $6.6 million at December 31, 2011. The significant increase in nonperforming real estate construction and land development loans was due primarily to one loan relationship totaling $3.4 million moving to nonaccrual status during the third quarter of 2012. Nonperforming real estate construction and land development loans comprised 9.3% of total real estate construction and land development loans at September 30, 2012 compared to 5.4% at June 30, 2012 and 5.6% at December 31, 2011. At September 30, 2012, all of the nonperforming real estate construction and land development loans were land development loans secured primarily by residential real estate improved lots and housing units. The $8.4 million of nonperforming loans secured by land development projects represented 34% of total originated land development loans outstanding of $24.5 million at September 30, 2012 and required a specific allocation of the allowance for loan losses of $0.4 million at that date. The economy in Michigan has adversely impacted housing demand throughout the state since 2008 and, accordingly, a significant percentage of the Corporation's residential real estate development borrowers have experienced cash flow difficulties associated with a significant decline in sales of both lots and residential real estate.
Nonperforming Loans — Consumer Loan Portfolio

Nonperforming real estate residential loans were $15.6 million at September 30, 2012, a decrease of $1.9 million, or 11%, from $17.5 million at June 30, 2012 and a decrease of $7.1 million, or 31%, from $22.7 million at December 31, 2011. Nonperforming real estate residential loans comprised 1.8% of total real estate residential loans at September 30, 2012, compared to 2.0% at June 30, 2012 and 2.6% at December 31, 2011. At September 30, 2012, a total of $4.7 million of nonperforming real estate residential loans were in various stages of foreclosure.

Nonperforming consumer installment and home equity loans were $5.0 million at September 30, 2012, a decrease of $0.2 million, or 3.5%, from $5.2 million at June 30, 2012 and a decrease of $0.5 million, or 9.4%, from $5.5 million at December 31, 2011. Nonperforming consumer loans comprised 0.5% of total consumer loans at both September 30, 2012 and June 30, 2012 compared to 0.6% at December 31, 2011.
Troubled Debt Restructurings (TDRs)

The unfavorable economic climate in Michigan has resulted in a large number of both business and consumer customers with cash flow difficulties and thus the inability to maintain their loan balances in a performing status. The Corporation determined that it was probable that certain customers who were past due on their loans, if provided a modification of their loan by reducing their monthly payment for a limited time period, would be able to bring their loan relationship to a performing status. The Corporation believed these modifications would potentially result in a lower level of loan losses and loan collection costs than if the Corporation currently proceeded through the foreclosure process with these borrowers. These modifications involve granting concessions to borrowers who are experiencing financial difficulty and, therefore, meet the criteria to be considered TDRs.

The Corporation's loans reported as TDRs continue to accrue interest at the loan's effective interest rate as the Corporation expects to collect the remaining principal balance of the loan. The Corporation recognizes interest income on TDRs at the loan's original contractual rate at the time of modification. TDRs are reported as a nonperforming loan (nonperforming TDR) until a six-month payment history of principal and interest payments, in accordance with the loan modification, is sustained, at which time the Corporation moves the loans to a performing status (performing TDR). The Corporation's loans reported as TDRs do not include modified loans that are already reported in a nonaccrual status. The Corporation's nonaccrual loans at September 30, 2012, June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 included $37.0 million, $33.4 million and $41.8 million, respectively, of these modified loans.

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The following summarizes the Corporation's TDRs:
 
 
Performing
Status
 
Nonperforming Status
 
Total
 
 
Current
 
Past Due
31-90  Days
 
Subtotal
 
 
 
(In thousands)
September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loan portfolio
 
$
14,750

 
$
5,044

 
$
1,509

 
$
6,553

 
$
21,303

Consumer loan portfolio
 
15,656

 
3,825

 
77

 
3,902

 
19,558

Total TDRs
 
$
30,406

 
$
8,869

 
$
1,586

 
$
10,455

 
$
40,861

June 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loan portfolio
 
$
12,082

 
$
11,435

 
$
256

 
$
11,691

 
$
23,773

Consumer loan portfolio
 
14,301

 
3,730

 
368

 
4,098

 
18,399

Total TDRs
 
$
26,383

 
$
15,165

 
$
624

 
$
15,789

 
$
42,172

December 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loan portfolio
 
$
4,765

 
$
13,770

 
$
905

 
$
14,675

 
$
19,440

Consumer loan portfolio
 
15,629

 
7,275

 
2,108

 
9,383

 
25,012

Total TDRs
 
$
20,394

 
$
21,045

 
$
3,013

 
$
24,058

 
$
44,452


The Corporation's TDRs in the commercial loan portfolio generally consist of loans where the Corporation has allowed borrowers to temporarily defer scheduled principal payments and make interest only payments for a short period of time (generally six months to one year) at the stated interest rate of the original loan agreement or lower payments due to a modification of the loan's contractual terms. The Corporation does not expect to incur a loss on these loans based on its assessment of the borrowers' expected cash flows, and accordingly, no additional provision for loan losses has been recognized related to these loans. These TDRs are individually evaluated for impairment and transferred to nonaccrual status if conditions change and it is probable that any remaining principal and interest payments due on the loans will not be collected in accordance with the modified contractual terms of the loans. Once the borrowers under these TDRs have made at least six consecutive months of principal and interest payments under a formal modification agreement that follows the temporary deferral period, the loans are classified by the Corporation as performing TDRs. The outstanding balance of nonperforming TDRs in the commercial loan portfolio was $6.6 million, $11.7 million and $14.7 million at September 30, 2012, June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. The decrease in nonperforming TDRs in the commercial loan portfolio during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 was primarily due to loans being moved to nonaccrual status as a result of borrower default. At September 30, 2012, June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the Corporation had $14.8 million, $12.1 million and $4.8 million, respectively, of performing TDRs in the commercial loan portfolio due to the borrowers' sustained repayment histories.

A summary of changes in the Corporation's TDRs in the commercial loan portfolio for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 follows:
 
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2012
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2012
 
 
Performing
 
Nonperforming
 
Total
 
Performing
 
Nonperforming
 
Total
 
 
(In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period
 
$
12,082

 
$
11,691

 
$
23,773

 
$
4,765

 
$
14,675

 
$
19,440

Additions for modifications
 

 
2,091

 
2,091

 

 
10,793

 
10,793

Transfers to performing TDR status
 
3,356

 
(3,356
)
 

 
11,111

 
(11,111
)
 

Transfers to nonperforming TDR status
 
(451
)
 
451

 

 
(1,361
)
 
1,361

 

Principal payments and pay-offs
 
(237
)
 
(627
)
 
(864
)
 
(351
)
 
(851
)
 
(1,202
)
Transfers from (to) nonaccrual status
 

 
(3,697
)
 
(3,697
)
 
586

 
(8,314
)
 
(7,728
)
Balance at end of period
 
$
14,750

 
$
6,553

 
$
21,303

 
$
14,750

 
$
6,553

 
$
21,303


The Corporation's TDRs in the consumer loan portfolio generally consist of loans where the Corporation has reduced a borrower's monthly payments by decreasing the interest rate charged on the loan (generally ranging from 3% to 5%) for a specified period of time (generally 24 months). These loans are moved to nonaccrual status if the loan becomes 90 days past due as to principal or

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interest, or sooner if conditions warrant. Once the borrowers under these TDRs have made at least six consecutive months of principal and interest payments, they are classified as performing TDRs. The outstanding balance of nonperforming TDRs in the consumer loan portfolio was $3.9 million, $4.1 million and $9.4 million at September 30, 2012, June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. At September 30, 2012, June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the Corporation had $15.7 million, $14.3 million and $15.6 million, respectively, of performing TDRs in the consumer loan portfolio due to the borrowers' sustained repayment histories. The reduction in performing TDRs in the consumer portfolio during the third quarter of 2012 was primarily attributable to TDRs that had reached the end of their initial modification term being refinanced at a market rate of interest, and thus no longer deemed a TDR by the Corporation. The Corporation recognized $0.1 million and $0.2 million of additional provision for loan losses during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively, related to impairment on its TDRs (as a result of the temporary reduction in the borrowers' interest rates) at the time the loans were modified based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's original effective interest rate.

The Corporation's cumulative redefault rate as of September 30, 2012 on its TDRs, which represents the percentage of TDRs that transferred to nonaccrual status since the Corporation began such modifications in 2009, was 24% for TDRs in the commercial loan portfolio and 15% for TDRs in the consumer loan portfolio.
Other Real Estate and Repossessed Assets

Other real estate and repossessed assets are components of nonperforming assets that include other real estate (ORE), comprised of residential and commercial real estate and land development properties acquired through foreclosure or by acceptance of a deed in lieu of foreclosure, and repossessed assets, comprised of other personal and commercial assets acquired by repossession. ORE totaled $19.0 million at September 30, 2012, a decrease of $4.0 million, or 17%, from $23.0 million at June 30, 2012 and a decrease of $5.9 million, or 24%, from $24.9 million at December 31, 2011. The decrease in ORE during the third quarter of 2012 was primarily attributable to the sale of one ORE property, which consisted of vacant land with a carrying value of $4.1 million. This ORE property was obtained as a result of the Corporation receiving a deed in lieu of foreclosure on this property during the fourth quarter of 2010 that was attributable to a loan acquired in the Corporation's acquisition of Byron Bank. This loan was impaired at the acquisition date and was recorded at the estimated fair value of collateral at that time. Repossessed assets totaled $0.5 million at both September 30, 2012 and June 30, 2012 compared to $0.6 million at December 31, 2011.

The following schedule provides the composition of ORE:
 
 
 
September 30,
2012
 
June 30,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
 
 
(In thousands)
Composition of ORE:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Vacant land
 
$
3,035

 
$
6,954

 
$
7,565

Commercial properties
 
9,469

 
9,020

 
9,565

Residential real estate properties
 
5,958

 
6,432

 
6,171

Residential development properties
 
527

 
603

 
1,587

Total ORE
 
$
18,989

 
$
23,009

 
$
24,888


The following schedule summarizes ORE activity during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011.

 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
(In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period
 
$
23,009

 
$
24,607

 
$
24,888

 
$
27,510

Additions
 
3,235

 
8,460

 
9,185

 
14,545

Write-downs to fair value
 
(424
)
 
(625
)
 
(819
)
 
(1,549
)
Dispositions
 
(6,831
)
 
(3,763
)
 
(14,265
)
 
(11,827
)
Balance at end of period
 
$
18,989

 
$
28,679

 
$
18,989

 
$
28,679



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Table of Contents

The Corporation's ORE is carried at the lower of cost or fair value less estimated cost to sell. The Corporation's $19.0 million of ORE at September 30, 2012 included five ORE properties with a carrying value of $0.5 million or more totaling $3.0 million. The historically large inventory of real estate properties for sale across the State of Michigan has resulted in an increase in the Corporation's carrying time and cost of holding ORE. Consequently, the Corporation had $10.3 million in ORE at September 30, 2012 that had been held in excess of one year, of which $3.5 million had been held in excess of three years. Because the redemption period on foreclosures is relatively long in Michigan (six months to one year) and the Corporation had $13.4 million of nonperforming loans that were in the process of foreclosure at September 30, 2012, it is anticipated that the level of the Corporation's ORE will remain at elevated levels.

All of the Corporation's ORE properties have been written down to fair value through a charge-off against the allowance for loan losses at the time the loan was transferred to ORE or through a subsequent write-down, recorded as an operating expense, to recognize a further market value decline of the property after the initial transfer date. In addition, ORE properties acquired in the acquisition of OAK were recorded at fair value at the date of acquisition. Accordingly, at September 30, 2012, the carrying value of ORE of $19.0 million was reflective of $30.5 million in charge-offs, write-downs or fair value adjustments, and represented 38% of the contractual loan balance remaining at the time the property was transferred to ORE.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Corporation sold 148 ORE properties for net proceeds of $16.0 million. On an average basis, the net proceeds from these sales represented 118% of the carrying value of the property at the time of sale, although the net proceeds represented 48% of the remaining loan balance at the time the Corporation received title to the properties.

Nonperforming assets at September 30, 2012, June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 did not include acquired loans totaling $9.4 million, $13.6 million and $17.4 million, respectively, even though they were not performing in accordance with the loan's original contractual terms. The risk of credit loss on these loans was recognized as part of the fair value adjustment recorded at the acquisition date. Acquired loans not performing in accordance with the loans' original contractual terms are included in the Corporation's impaired loan schedule in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements.

Impaired Loans

A loan is considered impaired when management determines it is probable that all of the principal and interest due will not be collected according to the original contractual terms of the loan agreement. In most instances, impairment is measured based on the fair market value of the underlying collateral, as such impaired loans are deemed collateral dependent. Impairment is measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate. A portion of the allowance for loan losses is specifically allocated to impaired loans. The process of measuring impaired loans and the allocation of the allowance for loan losses requires judgment and estimation. The eventual outcome may differ from amounts estimated.

Impaired loans totaled $128.6 million at September 30, 2012, a decrease of $1.6 million, or 1.2%, compared to $130.2 million at June 30, 2012 and a decrease of $11.6 million, or 8.3%, compared to $140.2 million at December 31, 2011. A summary of impaired loans at September 30, 2012, June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 follows:

 
 
September 30,
2012
 
June 30,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
 
 
(In thousands)
Originated impaired loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loan portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nonaccrual loans
 
$
63,192

 
$
57,849

 
$
61,354

Nonperforming TDRs
 
6,553

 
11,691

 
14,675

Performing TDRs
 
14,750

 
12,082

 
4,765

Subtotal
 
84,495

 
81,622

 
80,794

Consumer loan portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nonaccrual loans
 
15,132

 
16,607

 
17,040

Nonperforming TDRs
 
3,902

 
4,098

 
9,383

Performing TDRs
 
15,656

 
14,301

 
15,629

Subtotal
 
34,690

 
35,006

 
42,052

Total originated impaired loans
 
119,185

 
116,628

 
122,846

Acquired loans not performing in accordance with original contractual terms
 
9,391

 
13,555

 
17,375

Total impaired loans
 
$
128,576

 
$
130,183

 
$
140,221



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Table of Contents

After analyzing the various components of the customer relationships and evaluating the underlying collateral of impaired loans, it was determined that impaired nonaccrual loans of the commercial loan portfolio totaling $29.4 million at September 30, 2012 required a specific allocation of the allowance for loan losses (valuation allowance), compared to $24.8 million at June 30, 2012 and $27.3 million at December 31, 2011. The Corporation's nonperforming and performing TDRs in the commercial loan portfolio did not require a valuation allowance as the Corporation expects to collect the full principal and interest owed on each of the loans in accordance with their modified terms.

The following schedule summarizes impaired loans in the commercial loan portfolio and the related valuation allowance at September 30, 2012, June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 and partial loan charge-offs (confirmed losses) taken on these impaired loans:
 
 
Amount
 
Valuation
Allowance
 
Confirmed
Losses
 
Cumulative
Inherent
Loss
Percentage
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired loans – originated commercial loan portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
With valuation allowance and no charge-offs
 
$
17,160

 
$
5,225

 
$

 
30
%
With valuation allowance and charge-offs
 
12,204

 
2,785

 
3,513

 
40

With charge-offs and no valuation allowance
 
24,541

 

 
16,248

 
40

Without valuation allowance or charge-offs
 
30,590

 

 

 

Total
 
84,495

 
$
8,010

 
$
19,761

 
27
%
Impaired acquired loans
 
9,391

 
 
 
 
 
 
Total impaired loans in the commercial loan portfolio
 
$
93,886

 
 
 
 
 
 
June 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired loans – originated commercial loan portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
With valuation allowance and no charge-offs
 
$
14,088

 
$
4,176

 
$

 
30
%
With valuation allowance and charge-offs
 
10,758

 
3,285

 
2,711

 
45

With charge-offs and no valuation allowance
 
30,269

 

 
16,373

 
35

Without valuation allowance or charge-offs
 
26,507

 

 

 

Total
 
81,622

 
$
7,461

 
$
19,084

 
26
%
Impaired acquired loans
 
13,555

 
 
 
 
 
 
Total impaired loans in the commercial loan portfolio
 
$
95,177

 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired loans – originated commercial loan portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
With valuation allowance and no charge-offs
 
$
12,658

 
$
3,717

 
$

 
29
%
With valuation allowance and charge-offs
 
14,656

 
4,865

 
2,640

 
43

With charge-offs and no valuation allowance
 
25,407

 

 
19,015

 
43

Without valuation allowance or charge-offs
 
28,073

 

 

 

Total
 
80,794

 
$
8,582

 
$
21,655

 
30
%
Impaired acquired loans
 
17,375

 
 
 
 
 
 
Total impaired loans in the commercial loan portfolio
 
$
98,169

 
 
 
 
 
 

The Corporation's valuation allowance for impaired loans of the commercial loan portfolio was $8.0 million at September 30, 2012, an increase of $0.5 million from $7.5 million at June 30, 2012 and a decrease of $0.6 million from $8.6 million at December 31, 2011. Confirmed losses represent partial loan charge-offs on impaired loans due primarily to the receipt of a recent third-party property appraisal indicating the value of the collateral securing the loan is below the loan balance and management believes full collection of the loan balance is not likely.

The Corporation generally does not recognize a valuation allowance for impaired loans in the consumer loan portfolio as these loans are comprised of smaller-balance homogeneous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment. However, the Corporation had a valuation allowance attributable to TDRs in the consumer loan portfolio of $0.7 million at September 30, 2012, June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, related to the reduction in the present value of expected future cash flows for these loans discounted at their original effective interest rate.

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Impaired loans included acquired loans totaling $9.4 million, $13.6 million and $17.4 million at September 30, 2012, June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, that were not performing in accordance with the original contractual terms of the loans. These individual loans did not require a valuation allowance as they were initially recorded at fair value, which included an estimate for credit losses, and are subsequently evaluated for further credit deterioration in loan pools. A portion of the allowance for loan losses totaling $0.5 million at September 30, 2012 was allocated to acquired loans due to two consumer loan pools of the fourteen acquired loan pools experiencing a decline in expected cash flows. A portion of the allowance for loan losses totaling $2.2 million at June 30, 2012 and $1.6 million at December 31, 2011 was allocated to acquired loans due primarily to one commercial loan pool of the fourteen acquired loan pools experiencing a decline in expected cash flows. There were no material changes in expected cash flows for the remaining acquired loan pools.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses (allowance) provides for probable losses in the originated loan portfolio that have been identified with specific customer relationships and for probable losses believed to be inherent in the remainder of the originated loan portfolio but that have not been specifically identified. The allowance is comprised of specific valuation allowances (assessed for originated loans that have known credit weaknesses), pooled allowances based on assigned risk ratings and historical loan loss experience for each loan type, and an unallocated allowance for imprecision in the subjective nature of the specific and pooled allowance methodology. Management evaluates the allowance on a quarterly basis in an effort to ensure the level is adequate to absorb probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio. This evaluation process is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that may be susceptible to significant change and has the potential to affect net income materially. The Corporation's methodology for measuring the adequacy of the allowance includes several key elements, which includes a review of the loan portfolio, both individually and by category, and includes consideration of changes in the mix and volume of the loan portfolio, actual loan loss experience, review of collateral values, the financial condition of the borrowers, industry and geographical exposures within the portfolio, economic conditions and employment levels of the Corporation's local markets and other factors affecting business sectors. Management believes that the allowance is currently maintained at an appropriate level, considering the inherent risk in the loan portfolio. Future significant adjustments to the allowance may be necessary due to changes in economic conditions, delinquencies or the level of loan losses incurred.

The allowance of the acquired loan portfolio was not carried over on the date of acquisition. The acquired loans were recorded at their estimated fair value at the date of acquisition, with the estimated fair value including a component for expected credit losses. Acquired loans are subsequently evaluated for further credit deterioration in loan pools, which consist of loans with similar credit risk characteristics. If an acquired loan pool experiences a decrease in expected cash flows, as compared to those expected at the acquisition date, a portion of the allowance is allocated to acquired loans. The Corporation established an allowance on the acquired loan portfolio of $1.6 million in 2011 and increased it by $0.6 million and $0.5 million in the first and third quarters of 2012, respectively. The establishment of the allowance on the acquired loan portfolio was primarily attributable to one of the fourteen acquired loan pools experiencing a decline in expected cash flows. During the third quarter of 2012, the Corporation charged off $2.2 million of one loan relationship in this loan pool. At September 30, 2012, the allowance for loan losses on the acquired loan portfolio was $0.5 million and was related to two consumer loan pools performing slightly below original expectations. There were no material changes in expected cash flows for the remaining acquired loan pools.

Economic conditions in the Corporation's markets, all within Michigan, were generally less favorable than those nationwide during 2011 and the first nine months of 2012. The economy in Michigan has shown signs of improvement, although economic challenges remain and are expected to continue in 2012. Accordingly, management believes net loan losses, delinquencies and nonperforming loans will remain at elevated levels.


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Table of Contents

The following schedule summarizes information related to the Corporation's allowance for originated loans:
 
 
 
September 30,
2012
 
June 30,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Allowance for loan losses – originated loans
 
$
84,194

 
$
84,511

 
$
86,733

Allowance for loan losses – acquired loans
 
500

 
2,200

 
1,600

Nonperforming loans
 
90,877

 
92,811

 
106,269

Allowance for originated loans as a percent of:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total originated loans
 
2.33
%
 
2.40
%
 
2.60
%
Nonperforming loans
 
93
%
 
91
%
 
82
%
Nonperforming loans, net of impaired originated loans for which the expected loss has been charged-off
 
127
%
 
135
%
 
107
%

Deposits

Total deposits were $4.60 billion at September 30, 2012, an increase of $232 million, or 5.3%, from total deposits of $4.37 billion at December 31, 2011, and an increase of $118 million, or 2.6%, from total deposits of $4.48 billion at September 30, 2011. The increase in total deposits from year-end 2011 was primarily attributable to increases in seasonal municipal deposit accounts and noninterest bearing demand deposits that were partially offset by a decrease in certificate of deposit accounts. The increase in total deposits for the twelve-month period ended September 30, 2012 was primarily attributable to increases in interest bearing checking deposits, noninterest bearing demand deposits and savings deposits that were partially offset by a decline in certificate of deposit accounts and the Corporation paying off maturing brokered deposits. The Corporation has experienced a slight change in the mix of deposits over the twelve-month period ended September 30, 2012, with a portion of funds from maturing certificates of deposit being transferred by customers into noninterest bearing demand accounts. Noninterest bearing demand deposits were $952 million at September 30, 2012, compared to $876 million at December 31, 2011 and $891 million at September 30, 2011. In comparison, certificates of deposit were $1.41 billion at September 30, 2012, compared to $1.51 billion at December 31, 2011 and $1.54 billion at September 30, 2011. At September 30, 2012, the Corporation had $75 million in remaining brokered deposits that were acquired in the OAK acquisition. The Corporation intends to continue to use its liquidity to pay off brokered deposits as they mature, with $26 million maturing during the fourth quarter of 2012, $42 million maturing in 2013 and the remainder thereafter.

It is the Corporation's strategy to develop customer relationships that will drive core deposit growth and stability. The Corporation's competitive position within many of its market areas has historically limited its ability to materially increase core deposits without adversely impacting the weighted average cost of the deposit portfolio. While competition for core deposits remained strong throughout the Corporation's markets during 2011 and the first nine months of 2012, the Corporation's efforts to expand its deposit relationships with existing customers, the Corporation's financial strength and a general trend in customers holding more liquid assets have resulted in the Corporation continuing to experience increases in customer deposits. Total deposits increased $141 million, excluding the reduction in maturing brokered deposits, during the twelve months ended September 30, 2012, while during the same time frame, the Corporation experienced a decrease in the average cost of its deposits.

At September 30, 2012, the Corporation's time deposits, which consist of certificates of deposit, totaled $1.41 billion, of which $386 million have stated maturities during the remainder of 2012. The Corporation expects the majority of these maturing time deposits to be renewed by customers. The following schedule summarizes maturities of the Corporation's time deposits during the remainder of 2012 and annual maturities for 2013 and beyond:
 
 
 
Amount
 
Weighted
Average
Interest Rate
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Maturity schedule:
 
 
 
 
2012
 
$
385,778

 
0.74
%
2013
 
579,616

 
1.19

2014
 
191,562

 
1.97

2015 and beyond
 
256,262

 
2.10

Total time deposits
 
$
1,413,218

 
1.34
%


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Table of Contents

Borrowed Funds

Borrowed funds include short-term borrowings and Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) advances. Short-term borrowings were $311.5 million, $303.8 million and $302.3 million at September 30, 2012, December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011, respectively, and were comprised solely of securities sold under agreements to repurchase with customers. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase represent funds deposited by customers that are secured by investment securities that are owned by Chemical Bank, as these deposits are not covered by FDIC insurance. These funds have been a stable source of liquidity for Chemical Bank, much like its core deposit base. As part of the Corporation's focus on relationship banking, it generally accepts these deposits from customers that have an established banking relationship with Chemical Bank. The Corporation's securities sold under agreements to repurchase do not qualify as sales for accounting purposes.

FHLB advances are borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Indianapolis that are secured by both a blanket security agreement of real estate residential first lien loans with an aggregate book value equal to at least 155% of the advances and FHLB capital stock owned by Chemical Bank. FHLB advances totaled $37.2 million at September 30, 2012, compared to $43.1 million at December 31, 2011 and $46.0 million at September 30, 2011. At September 30, 2012, the carrying value of real estate residential first lien loans eligible for collateral under the blanket security agreement was $827 million.

The scheduled maturities of FHLB advances outstanding at September 30, 2012 were as follows: 2012 - $3.0 million; 2013 - $28.0 million; 2014 - $5.7 million; 2015 - $0.5 million.

At September 30, 2012, the Corporation's additional borrowing availability through the FHLB, based on the amount of FHLB stock owned by the Corporation and subject to the FHLB's credit requirements and policies, was $304 million. At September 30, 2012, the Corporation had agreements in place to obtain up to $32.5 million in additional liquidity through borrowings from the Federal Reserve Bank's discount window at the Corporation's discretion.
Credit-Related Commitments
The Corporation has credit-related commitments that may impact its liquidity. The following schedule summarizes the Corporation's credit-related commitments and expected expiration dates by period as of September 30, 2012. Because many of these commitments historically have expired without being drawn upon, the total amount of these commitments does not necessarily represent future cash requirements of the Corporation. 
 
 
Less than
1 year
 
1-3
years
 
3-5
years
 
More
than
5 years
 
Total
 
 
(In thousands)
Unused commitments to extend credit
 
$
495,314

 
$
111,752

 
$
59,402

 
$
55,631

 
$
722,099

Loan commitments
 
297,303

 

 

 

 
297,303

Standby letters of credit
 
25,601

 
16,874

 
55

 
225

 
42,755

Total credit-related commitments
 
$
818,218

 
$
128,626

 
$
59,457

 
$
55,856

 
$
1,062,157



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Table of Contents

Capital

Total shareholders' equity was $598.1 million at September 30, 2012, compared to $571.7 million at December 31, 2011 and $577.0 million at September 30, 2011. Total shareholders' equity as a percentage of total assets was 10.7% at both September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, compared to 10.6% at September 30, 2011. The Corporation's tangible equity, which is defined as total shareholders' equity less goodwill and other acquired intangible assets, totaled $481.7 million, $454.2 million and $458.8 million at September 30, 2012, December 31, 2011 and September 30, 2011, respectively. The Corporation's tangible equity to assets ratio was 8.8% at September 30, 2012, compared to 8.7% at December 31, 2011 and 8.6% at September 30, 2011.

The Corporation and Chemical Bank continue to maintain strong capital positions, which significantly exceeded the minimum levels prescribed by the Federal Reserve at September 30, 2012, as shown in the following schedule: 
 
 
Leverage
 
Tier 1
Risk-Based
Capital
 
Total
Risk-Based
Capital
Actual Capital Ratios:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chemical Financial Corporation
 
9.4
%
 
12.4
%
 
13.6
%
Chemical Bank
 
9.2

 
12.1

 
13.4

Minimum required for capital adequacy purposes
 
4.0

 
4.0

 
8.0

Minimum required for “well-capitalized” capital adequacy purposes
 
5.0

 
6.0

 
10.0


Results of Operations

Net Interest Income

Net interest income is the difference between interest income on earning assets, such as loans, investment and nonmarketable equity securities, federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits with unaffiliated banks and others, and interest expense on liabilities, such as deposits and borrowings. Net interest income, on a fully taxable equivalent (FTE) basis, is the difference between interest income and interest expense adjusted for the tax benefit on tax-exempt commercial loans and investment securities. Net interest margin is calculated by dividing net interest income (FTE) by average interest-earning assets, annualized as applicable. Net interest spread is the difference between the average yield on interest-earning assets and the average cost of interest-bearing liabilities. Because noninterest-bearing sources of funds, or free funds (principally demand deposits and shareholders' equity), also support earning assets, the net interest margin exceeds the net interest spread.

Net interest income (FTE) was $48.2 million in the third quarter of 2012, compared to $47.7 million in the second quarter of 2012 and $47.6 million in the third quarter of 2011. The presentation of net interest income on an FTE basis is not in accordance with GAAP but is customary in the banking industry. This non-GAAP measure ensures comparability of net interest income arising from both taxable and tax-exempt loans and investment securities. The adjustments to determine net interest income (FTE) were $1.2 million for both of the three month periods ended September 30, 2012 and June 30, 2012, compared to $1.3 million for the three month period ended September 30, 2011. These adjustments were computed using a 35% federal income tax rate.

Changes in the Corporation's net interest income are influenced by a variety of factors, including changes in the level and mix of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, the level and direction of interest rates, the difference between short-term and long-term interest rates (the steepness of the yield curve) and the general strength of the economies in the Corporation's markets. Risk management plays an important role in the Corporation's level of net interest income. The ineffective management of credit risk, and more significantly interest rate risk, can adversely impact the Corporation's net interest income. Management monitors the Corporation's consolidated statement of financial position to reduce the potential adverse impact on net interest income caused by significant changes in interest rates. The Corporation's policies in this regard are further discussed under the subheading “Market Risk.”

The Federal Reserve Board influences the general market rates of interest, including the deposit and loan rates offered by many financial institutions. The prime interest rate, which is the rate offered on loans to borrowers with strong credit, was 3.25% at the end of 2008 and has remained at this historically low rate through September 30, 2012. The prime interest rate has historically been 300 basis points higher than the federal funds rate. The Federal Reserve's Open Market Committee (FOMC) has indicated that it will potentially keep the federal funds rate between zero and 0.25% through the end of 2014, and therefore, the prime interest rate is expected to remain at or near its current historical low level of 3.25% during 2012. The majority of the Corporation's variable interest rate loans in the commercial loan portfolio are tied to the prime rate.


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Table of Contents

Net interest income (FTE) of $48.2 million in the third quarter of 2012 was $0.5 million, or 1.0%, higher than net interest income (FTE) of $47.7 million in the second quarter of 2012, with the increase primarily attributable to one additional day during the third quarter and an increase in average loans of $80 million, or 2.0%, that was partially offset by the net impact of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities repricing during the quarter. The net interest margin in the third quarter of 2012 was 3.76%, compared to 3.80% in the second quarter of 2012. The average yield on interest-earning assets decreased nine basis points to 4.19% in the third quarter of 2012, from 4.28% in the second quarter of 2012. The average cost of deposits and borrowed funds decreased five basis points to 0.46% in the third quarter of 2012 from 0.51% in the second quarter of 2012. The decreases in the yield on interest-earning assets and the cost of funds were primarily attributable to the continued historical low interest rate environment and the repricing of loans and deposits to current market interest rates upon maturity or renewal.

Net interest income (FTE) of $48.2 million in the third quarter of 2012 was $0.6 million, or 1.2%, higher than net interest income (FTE) of $47.6 million in the third quarter of 2011, with the increase primarily attributable to an increase in average loans of $225 million, or 5.9%, between the two quarters that was partially offset by the net impact of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities repricing during the twelve months ended September 30, 2012. Net interest margin was 3.76% in the third quarter of 2012, compared to 3.80% in the third quarter of 2011. The average yield on interest-earning assets decreased 22 basis points to 4.19% in the third quarter of 2012, from 4.41% in the third quarter of 2011. The average cost of deposits and borrowed funds decreased 19 basis points to 0.46% in the third quarter of 2012, from 0.65% in the third quarter of 2011. The decreases in the yield on interest-earning assets and the cost of funds were primarily attributable to the continued historical low interest rate environment, the repricing of loans and deposits to current market interest rates upon maturity or renewal and a slight change in the mix of deposits resulting from a portion of funds from maturing time deposit accounts being transferred by customers to noninterest-bearing demand accounts. Accordingly, average time deposits of $1.43 billion in the third quarter of 2012 were $124 million, or 7.9%, less than in the third quarter of 2011, while average noninterest-bearing accounts were $980 million in the third quarter of 2012 were $118 million, or 13.7%, higher than in the third quarter of 2011.

Net interest income (FTE) of $143.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 was $2.7 million, or 1.9%, higher than net interest income (FTE) of $140.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase of $196 million in the average volume of loans outstanding during the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2011.

The Corporation is primarily funded by core deposits, which is a lower-cost funding base than wholesale funding and historically has had a positive impact on the Corporation's net interest income and net interest margin. Based on the current historically low level of market interest rates and the Corporation's current low levels of interest rates on its core deposit transaction accounts, further market interest rate reductions would likely not result in a significant decrease in interest expense.

The following schedules present the average daily balances of the Corporation's major categories of assets and liabilities, interest income and expense on an FTE basis, average interest rates earned and paid on the assets and liabilities, net interest income (FTE), net interest spread and net interest margin for the three months ended September 30, 2012, June 30, 2012 and September 30, 2011 and the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011.


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Table of Contents

Average Balances, Tax Equivalent Interest and Effective Yields and Rates* (Dollars in thousands)
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
June 30, 2012
 
September 30, 2011
 
 
Average
Balance
 
Tax
Equivalent
Interest
 
Effective
Yield/
Rate
 
Average
Balance
 
Tax
Equivalent
Interest
 
Effective
Yield/
Rate
 
Average
Balance
 
Tax
Equivalent
Interest
 
Effective
Yield/
Rate
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-Earning Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans**
 
$
4,001,117

 
$
48,807

 
4.86
%
 
$
3,921,546

 
$
48,375

 
4.96
%
 
$
3,776,572

 
$
50,291

 
5.29
%
Taxable investment securities
 
685,580

 
2,458

 
1.43

 
701,543

 
2,587

 
1.48

 
615,354

 
2,335

 
1.52

Tax-exempt investment securities
 
191,902

 
2,221

 
4.63

 
185,113

 
2,232

 
4.82

 
172,787

 
2,299

 
5.32

Other interest-earning assets
 
25,572

 
128

 
1.99

 
25,572

 
380

 
5.98

 
25,572

 
114

 
1.77

Interest-bearing deposits with unaffiliated banks and others
 
200,930

 
136

 
0.27

 
210,855

 
141

 
0.27

 
395,095

 
266

 
0.27

Total interest-earning assets
 
5,105,101

 
53,750

 
4.19

 
5,044,629

 
53,715

 
4.28

 
4,985,380

 
55,305

 
4.41

Less: Allowance for loan losses
 
87,796

 
 
 
 
 
88,702

 
 
 
 
 
91,987

 
 
 
 
Other Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash due from banks
 
119,107

 
 
 
 
 
107,988

 
 
 
 
 
122,727

 
 
 
 
Premises and equipment
 
67,911

 
 
 
 
 
66,763

 
 
 
 
 
65,241

 
 
 
 
Interest receivable and other assets
 
229,168

 
 
 
 
 
229,920

 
 
 
 
 
242,601

 
 
 
 
Total Assets
 
$
5,433,491

 
 
 
 
 
$
5,360,598

 
 
 
 
 
$
5,323,962

 
 
 
 
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-Bearing Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-bearing demand deposits
 
$
890,457

 
$
228

 
0.10
%
 
$
833,763

 
$
246

 
0.12
%
 
$
808,236

 
$
313

 
0.15
%
Savings deposits
 
1,158,985

 
303

 
0.10

 
1,163,412

 
389

 
0.13

 
1,129,822

 
547

 
0.19

Time deposits
 
1,434,738

 
4,707

 
1.31

 
1,461,694

 
5,024

 
1.38

 
1,558,267

 
6,339

 
1.61

Short-term borrowings
 
302,051

 
105

 
0.14

 
318,104

 
108

 
0.14

 
289,986

 
117

 
0.16

FHLB advances
 
37,723

 
248

 
2.62

 
40,780

 
254

 
2.51

 
67,132

 
413

 
2.44

Total interest-bearing liabilities
 
3,823,954

 
5,591

 
0.58

 
3,817,753

 
6,021

 
0.63

 
3,853,443

 
7,729

 
0.80

Noninterest-bearing deposits
 
980,402

 

 

 
924,759

 

 

 
862,333

 

 

Total deposits and borrowed funds
 
4,804,356

 
5,591

 
0.46

 
4,742,512

 
6,021

 
0.51

 
4,715,776

 
7,729

 
0.65

Interest payable and other liabilities
 
37,452

 
 
 
 
 
35,213

 
 
 
 
 
34,606

 
 
 
 
Shareholders’ equity
 
591,683

 
 
 
 
 
582,873

 
 
 
 
 
573,580

 
 
 
 
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
 
$
5,433,491

 
 
 
 
 
$
5,360,598

 
 
 
 
 
$
5,323,962

 
 
 
 
Net Interest Spread (Average yield earned minus average rate paid)
 
 
 
3.61
%
 
 
 
 
 
3.65
%
 
 
 
 
 
3.61
%
Net Interest Income (FTE)
 
 
 
$
48,159

 
 
 
 
 
$
47,694

 
 
 
 
 
$
47,576

 
 
Net Interest Margin (Net Interest Income (FTE) divided by total average interest- earning assets)
 
 
 
3.76
%
 
 
 
 
 
3.80
%
 
 
 
 
 
3.80
%
*
Taxable equivalent basis using a federal income tax rate of 35%.
**
Nonaccrual loans and loans held-for-sale are included in average balances reported and are included in the calculation of yields. Also, tax equivalent interest includes net loan fees.

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Table of Contents

Average Balances, Tax Equivalent Interest and Effective Yields and Rates* (Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
September 30, 2011
 
 
Average
Balance
 
Tax
Equivalent
Interest
 
Effective
Yield/
Rate
 
Average
Balance
 
Tax
Equivalent
Interest
 
Effective
Yield/
Rate
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-Earning Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans**
 
$
3,921,900

 
$
145,918

 
4.97
%
 
$
3,725,790

 
$
149,970

 
5.38
%
Taxable investment securities
 
683,611

 
7,610

 
1.48

 
594,125

 
6,884

 
1.54

Tax-exempt investment securities
 
186,539

 
6,714

 
4.80

 
170,381

 
6,661

 
5.21

Other interest-earning assets
 
25,572

 
638

 
3.33

 
26,481

 
605

 
3.06

Interest-bearing deposits with unaffiliated banks and others
 
253,041

 
505

 
0.27

 
442,422

 
856

 
0.26

Total interest-earning assets
 
5,070,663

 
161,385

 
4.25

 
4,959,199

 
164,976

 
4.44

Less: Allowance for loan losses
 
88,362

 
 
 
 
 
91,956

 
 
 
 
Other Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash due from banks
 
113,172

 
 
 
 
 
114,685

 
 
 
 
Premises and equipment
 
66,981

 
 
 
 
 
65,311

 
 
 
 
Interest receivable and other assets
 
234,517

 
 
 
 
 
244,492

 
 
 
 
Total Assets
 
$
5,396,971

 
 
 
 
 
$
5,291,731

 
 
 
 
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-Bearing Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-bearing demand deposits
 
$
868,375

 
$
746

 
0.11
%
 
$
819,606

 
$
1,093

 
0.18
%
Savings deposits
 
1,161,566

 
1,086

 
0.12

 
1,141,843

 
1,895

 
0.22

Time deposits
 
1,464,673

 
15,167

 
1.38

 
1,570,489

 
19,640

 
1.67

Short-term borrowings
 
313,501

 
317

 
0.14

 
281,254

 
418

 
0.20

FHLB advances
 
40,359

 
765

 
2.53

 
70,990

 
1,298

 
2.44

Total interest-bearing liabilities
 
3,848,474

 
18,081

 
0.63

 
3,884,182

 
24,344

 
0.84

Noninterest-bearing deposits
 
927,038

 

 

 
808,434

 

 

Total deposits and borrowed funds
 
4,775,512

 
18,081

 
0.51

 
4,692,616

 
24,344

 
0.69

Interest payable and other liabilities
 
38,488

 
 
 
 
 
32,487

 
 
 
 
Shareholders’ equity
 
582,971

 
 
 
 
 
566,628

 
 
 
 
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
 
$
5,396,971

 
 
 
 
 
$
5,291,731

 
 
 
 
Net Interest Spread (Average yield earned minus average rate paid)
 
 
 
 
 
3.62
%
 
 
 
 
 
3.60
%
Net Interest Income (FTE)
 
 
 
$
143,304

 
 
 
 
 
$
140,632

 
 
Net Interest Margin (Net Interest Income (FTE) divided by total average interest- earning assets)
 
 
 
 
 
3.77
%
 
 
 
 
 
3.79
%
 
*
Taxable equivalent basis using a federal income tax rate of 35%.
**
Nonaccrual loans and loans held-for-sale are included in average balances reported and are included in the calculation of yields. Also, tax equivalent interest includes net loan fees.

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The following schedules allocate the dollar change in net interest income (FTE) between the portion attributable to changes in the average volume of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, including changes in the mix of assets and liabilities, and changes in average interest rates earned and paid, for the three months ended September 30, 2012 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2012 and September 30, 2011 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2011.

Volume and Rate Variance Analysis* (In Thousands)
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
September 30, 2012
 
 
Compared to June 30, 2012
 
Compared to September 30, 2011
 
 
Increase (Decrease)
Due to Changes in
 
Combined
 
Increase (Decrease)
Due to Changes in
 
Combined
 
 
Average
Volume**
 
Average
Yield/Rate**
 
Increase/
(Decrease)
 
Average
Volume**
 
Average
Yield/Rate**
 
Increase/
(Decrease)
Changes in Interest Income on Interest-Earning Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans
 
$
1,182

 
$
(750
)
 
$
432

 
$
2,768

 
$
(4,252
)
 
$
(1,484
)
Taxable investment/other assets
 
(52
)
 
(329
)
 
(381
)
 
268

 
(131
)
 
137

Tax-exempt investment securities
 
82

 
(93
)
 
(11
)
 
245

 
(323
)
 
(78
)
Interest-bearing deposits with unaffiliated banks and others
 
(5
)
 

 
(5
)
 
(130
)
 

 
(130
)
Total change in interest income on interest-earning assets
 
1,207

 
(1,172
)
 
35

 
3,151

 
(4,706
)
 
(1,555
)
Changes in Interest Expense on Interest-Bearing Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-bearing demand deposits
 
18

 
(36
)
 
(18
)
 
16

 
(101
)
 
(85
)
Savings deposits
 
(3
)
 
(83
)
 
(86
)
 
(1
)
 
(243
)
 
(244
)
Time deposits
 
(77
)
 
(240
)
 
(317
)
 
(469
)
 
(1,163
)
 
(1,632
)
Short-term borrowings
 
(3
)
 

 
(3
)
 
5

 
(17
)
 
(12
)
FHLB advances
 
(18
)
 
12

 
(6
)
 
(193
)
 
28

 
(165
)
Total change in interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities
 
(83
)
 
(347
)
 
(430
)
 
(642
)
 
(1,496
)
 
(2,138
)
Total Change in Net Interest Income (FTE)
 
$
1,290

 
$
(825
)
 
$
465

 
$
3,793

 
$
(3,210
)
 
$
583

 
*
Taxable equivalent basis using a federal income tax rate of 35%.
**
The change in interest income and interest expense due to both volume and rate has been allocated to the volume and rate changes in proportion to the relationship of the absolute dollar amounts of the change in each.


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Table of Contents

Volume and Rate Variance Analysis* (In Thousands)
 
 
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
 
Compared to September 30, 2011
 
 
Increase (Decrease)
Due to Changes in
 
Combined
 
 
Average
Volume**
 
Average
Yield/Rate**
 
Increase/
(Decrease)
Changes in Interest Income on Interest-Earning Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans
 
$
7,418

 
$
(11,470
)
 
$
(4,052
)
Taxable investment/other assets
 
987

 
(228
)
 
759

Tax-exempt investment securities
 
610

 
(557
)
 
53

Interest-bearing deposits with unaffiliated banks and others
 
(383
)
 
32

 
(351
)
Total change in interest income on interest-earning assets
 
8,632

 
(12,223
)
 
(3,591
)
Changes in Interest Expense on Interest-Bearing Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-bearing demand deposits
 
13

 
(360
)
 
(347
)
Savings deposits
 
(4
)
 
(805
)
 
(809
)
Time deposits
 
(1,231
)
 
(3,242
)
 
(4,473
)
Short-term borrowings
 
48

 
(149
)
 
(101
)
FHLB advances
 
(579
)
 
46

 
(533
)
Total change in interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities
 
(1,753
)
 
(4,510
)
 
(6,263
)
Total Change in Net Interest Income (FTE)
 
$
10,385

 
$
(7,713
)
 
$
2,672

 
*
Taxable equivalent basis using a federal income tax rate of 35%.
**
The change in interest income and interest expense due to both volume and rate has been allocated to the volume and rate changes in proportion to the relationship of the absolute dollar amounts of the change in each.

Provision for Loan Losses

The provision for loan losses (provision) is an increase to the allowance, as determined by management, to provide for probable losses inherent in the originated loan portfolio and for impairment of pools of acquired loans that results from the Corporation experiencing a decrease in expected cash flows of acquired loans during each reporting period.

The provision was $4.5 million in the third quarter of 2012, compared to $4.0 million in the second quarter of 2012 and $6.4 million in the third quarter of 2011, with $0.5 million of the provision in the third quarter of 2012 and $1.3 million of the provision in the third quarter of 2011 applicable to the acquired loan portfolio that was primarily attributable to one of the fourteen acquired loan pools experiencing a decline in expected cash flows.

The Corporation experienced net loan charge-offs of $6.5 million in the third quarter of 2012, compared to $5.1 million in the second quarter of 2012 and $7.4 million in the third quarter of 2011, with $2.2 million of net loan charge-offs in the third quarter of 2012 related to one loan relationship in the acquired loan portfolio. Net loan charge-offs as a percentage of average loans (annualized) were 0.65% in the third quarter of 2012, compared to 0.52% in the second quarter of 2012 and 0.79% in the third quarter of 2011.

Net loan charge-offs in the commercial loan portfolio totaled $4.3 million in the third quarter of 2012 (including $2.2 million of net loan charge-offs attributable to the acquired loan portfolio), compared to $2.8 million in the second quarter of 2012 and $4.5 million in the third quarter of 2011. The commercial loan portfolio's net loan charge-offs in the third quarter of 2012 were not concentrated in any one industry or borrower, except for the $2.2 million of net loan charge-offs related to one loan relationship in the acquired loan portfolio. Net loan charge-offs in the consumer loan portfolio totaled $2.2 million in the third quarter of 2012, compared to $2.3 million in the second quarter of 2012 and $2.9 million in the third quarter of 2011.


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Table of Contents

The Corporation's provision of $4.5 million in the third quarter of 2012 was $2.0 million lower than net loan charge-offs for the quarter, although was $0.5 million higher than the provision in the second quarter of 2012 of $4.0 million. The provision was $0.5 million higher in the third quarter of 2012, compared to the second quarter of 2012, as a result of a provision of $0.5 million in the third quarter of 2012 applicable to the acquired loan portfolio. The level of the provision in the third quarter of 2012 was reflective of continued improvement in the credit quality of the loan portfolio that included decreases in nonperforming loans and no significant changes in risk grade categories of the commercial loan portfolio.

The Corporation's provision and net loan charge-offs were $13.5 million and $17.1 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to $20.9 million and $21.7 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2011. The reduction in the Corporation's provision for the first nine months of 2012, as compared to the first nine months of 2011, was due to improvement in the credit quality of the Corporation's loan portfolio, including decreases in both net loan charge-offs and nonperforming loans. It is management's belief that the overall credit quality of the Corporation's loan portfolio during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 was positively impacted by an improvement in the economic environment in the State of Michigan, with the state unemployment rate at 9.3% at September 30, 2012, unchanged from December 31, 2011, although down from 10.2% at September 30, 2011.

Noninterest Income
The following summarizes the major components of noninterest income:
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
September 30,
2012
 
June 30,
2012
 
September 30,
2011
 
September 30,
2012
 
September 30,
2011
 
 
(In thousands)
Service charges and fees on deposit accounts
 
$
5,028

 
$
5,013

 
$
4,780

 
$
14,546

 
$
13,504

Wealth management revenue
 
2,745

 
3,169

 
2,638

 
8,835

 
8,430

Electronic banking fees
 
1,667

 
1,740

 
1,713

 
5,188

 
4,999

Gain on sale of merchant card services
 

 

 

 
1,280

 

Mortgage banking revenue
 
1,457

 
1,417

 
1,173

 
4,059

 
2,736

Other fees for customer services
 
610

 
801

 
514

 
1,944

 
1,944

Insurance commissions
 
501

 
481

 
354

 
1,357

 
1,024

Other
 
54

 
661

 
53

 
784

 
262

Total noninterest income
 
$
12,062

 
$
13,282

 
$
11,225

 
$
37,993

 
$
32,899


Noninterest income was $12.1 million in the third quarter of 2012, compared to $13.3 million in the second quarter of 2012 and $11.2 million in the third quarter of 2011. Noninterest income in the second quarter of 2012 included $0.6 million from the partial insurance recovery of a 2008 branch cash loss and $0.2 million of other nonrecurring income. Excluding nonrecurring income, noninterest income in the third quarter of 2012 was $0.4 million, or 3.5%, lower than the second quarter, with the decrease attributable to lower wealth management revenue. Noninterest income in the third quarter of 2012 was $0.8 million, or 7.5%, higher than the third quarter of 2011, with the increase primarily attributable to increases in mortgage banking revenue and service charges and fees on deposit accounts.

Service charges and fees on deposit accounts are comprised of overdraft/non-sufficient funds fees, checking account fees and other deposit account charges. Service charges and fees on deposit accounts were $5.0 million in the third quarter of 2012, unchanged compared to the second quarter of 2012 and an increase of $0.2 million, or 5.2%, over the third quarter of 2011. The increase in service charges and fees on deposit accounts over the third quarter of 2011 was due primarily to an increase in business checking account fees. During the second quarter of 2012, the Corporation increased certain service fees it charges for business checking accounts, the first such increase in fourteen years. Overdraft/non-sufficient funds fees included in service charges and fees on deposit accounts were $4.0 million in the third quarter of 2012, compared to $3.9 million in both the second quarter of 2012 and third quarter of 2011.

Wealth management revenue is comprised of investment and other custodial account fees that are largely based on the market value of assets within a trust account, in addition to fees from the sale of investment products through the Chemical Financial Advisors program. Wealth management revenue was $2.7 million in the third quarter of 2012, a decrease of $0.4 million, or 13.4%, from the second quarter of 2012, and an increase of $0.1 million, or 4.1%, over the third quarter of 2011. The decrease in the third quarter of 2012, as compared to the second quarter of 2012, was due primarily to a decrease in other custodial account fees, while

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Table of Contents

the increase over the third quarter of 2011 was due primarily to an increase in equity market performance. Fees from the sale of investment products totaled $0.7 million in the third quarter of 2012 compared to $0.8 million in the second quarter of 2012 and $0.6 million in the third quarter of 2011.

Mortgage banking revenue (MBR) includes revenue from originating, selling and servicing real estate residential loans for the secondary market. MBR was $1.5 million in the third quarter of 2012, unchanged from the second quarter of 2012 and an increase of $0.3 million, or 24.2%, over the third quarter of 2011. The increase over the third quarter of 2011 was due primarily to an increase in the volume of loans sold. The Corporation sold $71 million of real estate residential loans in the secondary market in the third quarter of 2012, compared to $87 million in the second quarter of 2012 and $48 million in the third quarter of 2011.

The Corporation sells loans in the secondary market on both a servicing retained and servicing released basis. The sale of real estate residential loans in the secondary market includes the Corporation entering into residential mortgage loan sale agreements with buyers in the normal course of business. The agreements contain provisions that include various representations and warranties regarding the origination, characteristics and underwriting of the mortgage loans. The recourse of the buyer may result in either indemnification of the loss incurred by the buyer or a requirement for the Corporation to repurchase the loan which the buyer believes does not comply with the representations included in the loan sale agreement. Repurchase demands and loss indemnifications received by the Corporation are reviewed by a senior officer on a loan-by-loan basis to validate the claim made by the buyer. The Corporation maintains a reserve for probable losses expected to be incurred from loans previously sold in the secondary market. This contingent liability was based on trends in repurchase and indemnification requests, actual loss experience, known and inherent risks in the sale of loans in the secondary market and current economic conditions. During the first nine months of 2012, the Corporation was required to repurchase six residential mortgage loans that had been previously sold in the secondary market and incurred loan losses and buyer indemnification expenses of $0.5 million on these loans. During 2011 and 2010, the Corporation was required to repurchase six residential mortgage loans that had been previously sold in the secondary market and incurred loan losses and buyer indemnification expenses of $0.2 million on these loans. The Corporation records loan losses resulting from the repurchase of loans from the secondary market, as well as adjustments to estimates of future probable losses, as part of its MBR in the period incurred. The Corporation's reserve for probable losses was $0.5 million at September 30, 2012, compared to $0.25 million at both June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011.

Noninterest income was $38.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to $32.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011. Noninterest income in the first nine months of 2012 included nonrecurring income of $2.1 million. Excluding nonrecurring income, noninterest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 was $3.0 million, or 9.2%, higher than the nine months ended September 30, 2011, with the increase primarily due to an increase in service charges and fees on deposit accounts of $1.0 million, or 7.7%, and an increase in MBR of $1.3 million, or 48%. The Corporation sold $229 million of real estate residential loans in the secondary market during the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to $147 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2011.


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Table of Contents


Operating Expenses
The following summarizes the major categories of operating expenses:
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
September 30,
2012
 
June 30,
2012
 
September 30,
2011
 
September 30,
2012
 
September 30,
2011
 
 
(In thousands)
Salaries and wages
 
$
17,094

 
$
16,748

 
$
15,612

 
$
50,290

 
$
45,531

Employee benefits
 
3,644

 
3,791

 
3,617

 
11,556

 
10,091

Equipment and software
 
3,406

 
3,127

 
3,162

 
9,651

 
8,994

Occupancy
 
3,137

 
2,973

 
3,093

 
9,264

 
9,530

Outside processing / service fees
 
1,387

 
1,495

 
1,474

 
4,211

 
4,782

Advertising and marketing
 
1,187

 
674

 
846

 
2,383

 
2,034

FDIC insurance premiums
 
1,060

 
1,051

 
1,182

 
3,221

 
4,170

Professional fees
 
800

 
1,204

 
648

 
2,957

 
3,197

Postage and courier
 
689

 
792

 
732

 
2,305

 
2,384

Loan collection costs
 
589

 
625

 
706

 
1,902

 
2,705

Other real estate expenses
 
(39
)
 
47

 
1,532

 
687

 
3,055

Supplies
 
422

 
347

 
416

 
1,113

 
1,267

Telephone
 
408

 
425

 
442

 
1,243

 
1,191

Intangible asset amortization
 
367

 
368

 
462

 
1,102

 
1,452

Donations
 
239

 
342

 
316

 
1,050

 
935

Other
 
1,676

 
1,528

 
1,154

 
4,963

 
2,878

Total Operating Expenses
 
$
36,066

 
$
35,537

 
$
35,394

 
$
107,898

 
$
104,196


Operating expenses were $36.1 million in the third quarter of 2012, compared to $35.5 million in the second quarter of 2012 and $35.4 million in the third quarter of 2011. Operating expenses in the third quarter and second quarter of 2012 included $0.6 million and $0.5 million, respectively, of acquisition-related expenses applicable to the pending acquisition of branches from Independent Bank. Excluding acquisition-related expenses, operating expenses in the third quarter of 2012 were $0.4 million higher than the second quarter of 2012 and $0.1 million higher than the third quarter of 2011. The increase in operating expenses of $0.4 million from the second quarter of 2012 was primarily attributable to seasonally higher advertising and marking costs. The increase in operating expenses over the third quarter of 2011 was attributable to higher compensation costs and other operating expenses that were almost completely offset by lower credit-related operating expenses and outside process/service fee expenses.
 
Salaries and wages of $17.1 million in the third quarter of 2012 increased $0.3 million, or 2.1%, over the second quarter of 2012, with the increase primarily attributable to higher commissions paid to mortgage loan originators associated with originating residential real estate loans that the Corporation retained in its loan portfolio. Salaries and wages increased $1.5 million, or 9.5%, over the third quarter of 2011 due primarily to new positions, merit increases and market-based salary adjustments that took effect at the beginning of 2012 and performance-based incentives.

Equipment expense was $3.4 million in the third quarter of 2012 and included $0.1 million of acquisition-related costs. Excluding acquisition-related costs, equipment expense in the third quarter of 2012 increased $0.2 million over the second quarter of 2012 and $0.1 million over the third quarter of 2011, with the increases primarily due to higher software expense and equipment repair and maintenance.

Advertising and marketing expense was $1.2 million in the third quarter of 2012 and included $0.1 million of acquisition-related costs. Excluding acquisition-related costs, advertising and marketing expense increased $0.4 million, or 58%, over the second quarter of 2012, with the increase attributable to seasonally higher costs, and increased $0.2 million, or 26%, over the third quarter of 2011, with the increase attributable to the timing of certain marketing initiatives.


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Professional fees expense was $0.8 million in the third quarter of 2012, compared to $1.2 million in the second quarter of 2012 and $0.6 million in the third quarter of 2011. Professional fees expense in the third quarter and second quarter of 2012 included acquisition-related costs of $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively. Excluding acquisition-related costs, professional fees expense in the third quarter of 2012 decreased $0.2 million, or 23%, from the second quarter of 2012 and were virtually the same as the third quarter of 2011.

Other real estate (ORE) expenses in the third quarter of 2012 decreased $0.1 million, or 18%, from the second quarter of 2012, with the decrease primarily attributable to lower ORE operating expenses. ORE expenses decreased $1.6 million from the third quarter of 2011, with the decrease attributable to $0.7 million less expense applicable to ORE operating costs and $0.9 million less expense applicable to ORE writedowns and realized gains/losses on ORE sales.

Total operating expenses were $107.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to $104.2 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2011. The first nine months of 2012 included $1.1 million of acquisition-related expenses, while the first nine months of 2011 included the reversal of $1.5 million of state tax accruals. Excluding these nonrecurring items, total operating expenses during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 were $1.1 million, or 1.1%, higher than the nine months ended September 30, 2011, with the increase primarily due to a $6.2 million, or 11%, increase in employee compensation costs resulting from new positions, merit increases and market-based salary adjustments, that was partially offset by a $3.2 million, or 55%, reduction in net credit-related costs, a $0.9 million, or 23%, reduction in FDIC insurance premiums and a $1.0 million, or 2.4%, net reduction in all other categories of operating expenses.

Income Tax Expense

The Corporation's effective federal income tax rate was 28.8% for the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to 31.3% and 26.0% for the three months ended June 30, 2012 and September 30, 2011, respectively. The Corporation's effective federal income tax rate was 29.9% and 28.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The difference between the federal statutory income tax rate and the Corporation's effective federal income tax rate is primarily a function of the proportion of the Corporation's interest income exempt from federal taxation and other nondeductible expenses relative to pre-tax net income and tax credits.

The Corporation records income tax expense for interim periods based on its best estimate of the effective income tax rate expected to be applicable for the full year. The Corporation recorded income tax expense for the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 using its best estimate of the effective income tax rate expected for the full year and applied that rate on a year-to-date basis.


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Liquidity

Liquidity measures the ability of the Corporation to meet current and future cash flow needs in a timely manner. Liquidity risk is the adverse impact on net interest income if the Corporation was unable to meet its cash flow needs at a reasonable cost.

Liquidity is managed to ensure stable, reliable and cost-effective sources of funds are available to satisfy deposit withdrawals and lending and investment opportunities. The ability of a financial institution to meet its current financial obligations is a function of its balance sheet structure, its ability to liquidate assets and its access to alternative sources of funds. The Corporation manages its funding needs by maintaining a level of liquid funds through its asset/liability management process. The Corporation's largest sources of liquidity on a consolidated basis are the deposit base that comes from consumer, business and municipal customers within the Corporation's local markets, principal payments on loans, maturing investment securities, cash held at the FRB, unpledged investment securities available-for-sale and federal funds sold. Excluding brokered deposits, total deposits increased $251 million and $141 million during the nine and twelve months ended September 30, 2012, respectively. The Corporation's loan-to-deposit ratio was to 87% at September 30, 2012 compared to 88% at December 31, 2011 and 84% at September 30, 2011. The Corporation had $315 million of cash deposits held at the FRB at September 30, 2012 that were not invested in federal funds sold due to the low interest rate environment, compared to $256 million at December 31, 2011 and $479 million at September 30, 2011. In addition, at September 30, 2012, the Corporation had unpledged investment securities available-for-sale with an amortized cost of $119 million. The Corporation also has available unused wholesale sources of liquidity, including FHLB advances and borrowings from the discount window of the FRB.

Chemical Bank is a member of the FHLB and as such has access to short-term and long-term advances from the FHLB that are generally secured by real estate residential first lien loans. The Corporation considers advances from the FHLB as its primary wholesale source of liquidity. FHLB advances decreased $6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 to $37 million at that date. The Corporation's additional borrowing availability from the FHLB, based on its FHLB capital stock and subject to certain requirements, was $304 million at September 30, 2012. Chemical Bank can also borrow from the FRB's discount window to meet short-term liquidity requirements. These borrowings are required to be secured by investment securities and/or certain loan types, with each category of assets carrying various borrowing capacity percentages. At September 30, 2012, Chemical Bank maintained an unused borrowing capacity of $32.5 million with the FRB's discount window based upon pledged collateral as of that date. It is management's opinion that the Corporation's borrowing capacity could be expanded, if deemed necessary, as Chemical Bank has additional borrowing capacity available at the FHLB that could be used if it increased its investment in FHLB capital stock, and Chemical Bank has a significant amount of additional assets that could be used as collateral at the FRB's discount window.

The Corporation manages its liquidity position to provide the cash necessary to pay dividends to shareholders, invest in new subsidiaries, enter new banking markets, pursue investment opportunities and satisfy other operating requirements. The Corporation's primary source of liquidity is dividends from Chemical Bank.

Federal and state banking laws place certain restrictions on the amount of dividends that a bank may pay to its parent company. Such restrictions include, but are not limited to, capital adequacy levels and earnings limitations. Chemical Bank, as a member of the Federal Reserve, may not declare or pay a dividend if the total of all dividends declared in a calendar year exceeds the excess earnings (net income less dividends) during the current calendar year and the prior two calendar years unless the dividend has been approved by the Federal Reserve Board of Governors. At September 30, 2012, Chemical Bank's excess earnings for the current and prior two calendar years totaled $13.2 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, Chemical Bank paid $21.8 million in cash dividends to the Corporation, and the Corporation paid cash dividends to shareholders of $16.8 million. During 2011, Chemical Bank paid $22.0 million in dividends to the Corporation and the Corporation paid cash dividends to shareholders of $22.0 million. The earnings of Chemical Bank have been the principal source of funds to pay cash dividends to the Corporation's shareholders. Over the long term, cash dividends to shareholders are dependent upon earnings, as well as capital requirements, regulatory restraints and other factors affecting Chemical Bank.


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Table of Contents

Market Risk

Market risk is the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in the fair value of financial instruments due primarily to changes in interest rates. Interest rate risk is the Corporation's primary market risk and results from timing differences in the repricing of interest rate sensitive assets and liabilities and changes in relationships between rate indices due to changes in interest rates. The Corporation's net interest income is largely dependent upon the effective management of interest rate risk. The Corporation's goal is to avoid a significant decrease in net interest income, and thus an adverse impact on the profitability of the Corporation, in periods of changing interest rates. Sensitivity of earnings to interest rate changes arises when yields on assets change differently from the interest costs on liabilities. Interest rate sensitivity is determined by the amount of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities repricing within a specific time period and the magnitude by which interest rates change on the various types of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. The management of interest rate sensitivity includes monitoring the maturities and repricing opportunities of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. The Corporation's interest rate risk is managed through policies and risk limits approved by the boards of directors of the Corporation and Chemical Bank and an Asset and Liability Committee (ALCO). The ALCO, which is comprised of executive and senior management from various areas of the Corporation and Chemical Bank, including finance, lending, investments and deposit gathering, meets regularly to execute asset and liability management strategies. The ALCO establishes guidelines and monitors the sensitivity of earnings to changes in interest rates. The goal of the ALCO process is to manage the impact on net interest income and the net present value of future cash flows of probable changes in interest rates within authorized risk limits.

The primary technique utilized by the Corporation to measure its interest rate risk is simulation analysis. Simulation analysis forecasts the effects on the balance sheet structure and net interest income under a variety of scenarios that incorporate changes in interest rates, the shape of the Treasury yield curve, interest rate relationships and the mix of assets and liabilities and loan prepayments. These forecasts are compared against net interest income projected in a stable interest rate environment. While many assets and liabilities reprice either at maturity or in accordance with their contractual terms, several balance sheet components demonstrate characteristics that require an evaluation to more accurately reflect their repricing behavior. Key assumptions in the simulation analysis include prepayments on loans, probable calls of investment securities, changes in market conditions, loan volumes and loan pricing, deposit sensitivity and customer preferences. These assumptions are inherently uncertain as they are subject to fluctuation and revision in a dynamic environment. As a result, the simulation analysis cannot precisely forecast the impact of rising and falling interest rates on net interest income. Actual results will differ from simulated results due to many other factors, including changes in balance sheet components, interest rate changes, changes in market conditions and management strategies.

The Corporation's interest rate sensitivity is estimated by first forecasting the next twelve months of net interest income under an assumed environment of constant market interest rates. The Corporation then compares the results of various simulation analyses to the constant interest rate forecast (base case). At September 30, 2012, the Corporation projected the change in net interest income during the next twelve months assuming short-term market interest rates were to uniformly and gradually increase or decrease by up to 200 basis points in a parallel fashion over the entire yield curve during the same time period. Additionally, at September 30, 2012, the Corporation projected the change in net interest income of an immediate 400 basis point increase in market interest rates. The Corporation did not project a 400 basis point decrease in interest rates at September 30, 2012 as the likelihood of a decrease in interest rates beyond 200 basis points was considered unlikely given prevailing interest rate levels. These projections were based on the Corporation's assets and liabilities remaining static over the next twelve months, while factoring in probable calls and prepayments of certain investment securities and real estate residential and consumer loans. The ALCO regularly monitors the Corporation's forecasted net interest income sensitivity to ensure that it remains within established limits.


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A summary of the Corporation's interest rate sensitivity at September 30, 2012 follows:

 
 
Gradual Change
 
Immediate
Change
Twelve month interest rate change projection (in basis points)
 
(200
)
 
(100
)
 

 
100

 
200

 
400

Percent change in net interest income vs. constant rates
 
(3.8
)%
 
(2.1
)%
 

 
0.6
%
 
(0.4
)%
 
(0.3
)%

At September 30, 2012, the Corporation's model simulations projected that a 100 basis point increase in interest rates, as previously discussed, would result in a positive variance in net interest income of 0.6%, while 200 and 400 basis point increases would result in negative variances in net interest income of 0.4% and 0.3%, respectively, relative to the base case over the next 12-month period. The Corporation's model simulations at September 30, 2012 also projected that decreases in interest rates of 100 and 200 basis points would result in negative variances in net interest income of 2.1% and 3.8%, respectively, relative to the base case over the next 12-month period. The likelihood of a decrease in interest rates beyond 100 basis points at September 30, 2012 was considered to be unlikely given prevailing interest rate levels.

Future increases in market interest rates are not expected to have a significant immediate favorable impact on the Corporation's net interest income at the time of such increases because of the low percentage of variable interest rate loans in the Corporation's loan portfolio and a large percentage of variable rate loans at interest rate floors at September 30, 2012. Variable rate loans comprised 28% of the total loan portfolio at September 30, 2012 compared to 29% at December 31, 2011, and 27% at September 30, 2011. Approximately two-thirds of the Corporation's variable interest rate loans were at an interest rate floor and are expected to remain at their floor until they mature or market interest rates rise more than 75 basis points. To reduce the risk of rising interest rates adversely impacting net interest income, the Corporation has positioned its balance sheet to be more asset sensitive by holding some variable rate instruments in its investment securities. Variable rate investment securities at September 30, 2012 were $297 million, or 35% of total investment securities at that date, compared to $308 million, or 36% of total investment securities, at December 31, 2011 and $303 million, or 38% of total investment securities, at September 30, 2011. The FOMC has indicated that it will keep the federal funds rate at between zero and 0.25% through the end of 2014, and therefore, corresponding increases in other market interest rates that are generally tied to the federal funds rate, such as the prime interest rate, are not expected during the remainder of 2012 and throughout 2013.



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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Information concerning quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk is contained in the discussion regarding interest rate risk and sensitivity under the captions “Liquidity” and “Market Risk” herein and in the Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011.

The Corporation does not believe that there has been a material change in the nature or categories of the Corporation's primary market risk exposure, or the particular markets that present the primary risk of loss to the Corporation. As of the date of this report, the Corporation does not know of or expect there to be any material change in the general nature of its primary market risk exposure in the near term. The methods by which the Corporation manages its primary market risk exposure, as described in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, have not changed materially during the current year. As of the date of this report, the Corporation does not expect to make material changes in those methods in the near term. The Corporation may change those methods in the future to adapt to changes in circumstances or to implement new techniques.

The Corporation's market risk exposure is mainly comprised of its vulnerability to interest rate risk. Prevailing interest rates and interest rate relationships are largely determined by market factors that are beyond the Corporation's control. All information provided in response to this item consists of forward-looking statements. Reference is made to the section captioned “Forward-Looking Statements” in this report for a discussion of the limitations on the Corporation's responsibility for such statements. In this discussion, “near term” means a period of one year following the date of the most recent consolidated statement of financial position contained in this report.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

An evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of the Corporation's management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Corporation's disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on and as of the time of that evaluation, the Corporation's management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, concluded that the Corporation's disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Corporation in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is received, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission's rules and forms. There was no change in the Corporation's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 that has materially affected, or that is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Corporation's internal control over financial reporting.



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Table of Contents

Part II. Other Information

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Information concerning risk factors is contained in the discussion in Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” in the Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011. As of the date of this report, the Corporation does not believe that there has been a material change in the nature or categories of the Corporation's risk factors, as compared to the information disclosed in the Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

The following table sets forth the purchases of equity securities by the Corporation during the periods indicated:

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

 
 
Total Number of Shares Purchased
 
Average Price Paid per Share
 
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs
 
Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
Period
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
July 1-31, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Common Stock Repurchase Program
 

 
$

 

 
500,000

    Employee Transactions
 

 

 
N/A

 
N/A

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
August 1-31, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Common Stock Repurchase Program
 

 

 

 
500,000

    Employee Transactions
 

 

 
N/A

 
N/A

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
September 1-30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Common Stock Repurchase Program
 

 

 

 
500,000

    Employee Transactions
 
351

 
24.46

 
N/A

 
N/A

Total
 
351

 
$
24.46

 

 
500,000


In January 2008, the board of directors of the Corporation authorized the repurchase of up to 500,000 shares of the Corporation's common stock in the open market. The repurchased shares are available for later reissuance in connection with potential future stock dividends, the Corporation's dividend reinvestment plan, employee benefit plans and other general corporate purposes.

Employee transactions include shares delivered or attested in satisfaction of the exercise price and/or tax withholding obligations by holders of employee stock options who exercised options during the applicable period. The Corporation's stock compensation plans permit employees to use stock to satisfy such obligations based on the market value of the stock on the date of exercise.

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Table of Contents

Item 6. Exhibits
Exhibits. The following exhibits are filed as part of this report on Form 10-Q:
 
Exhibit
Number
  
Document
 
 
3.1

  
Restated Articles of Incorporation. Previously filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on May 5, 2011. Here incorporated by reference.
 
 
3.2

  
Bylaws. Previously filed as Exhibit 3.2 to the registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 20, 2009, filed with the SEC on January 23, 2009. Here incorporated by reference.
 
 
4.1

  
Restated Articles of Incorporation. Exhibit 3.1 is here incorporated by reference.
 
 
4.2

  
Bylaws. Exhibit 3.2 is here incorporated by reference.
 
 
31.1

  
Certification of Chief Executive Officer.
 
 
31.2

  
Certification of Chief Financial Officer.
 
 
32.1

  
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350.
 
 
101.1

  
Interactive Data File.*
 
 
 
*

 
As provided in Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, this information shall not be deemed “Filed” for purposes of Section 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or otherwise subject to liability under those sections.
 


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Table of Contents

Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
 
CHEMICAL FINANCIAL CORPORATION
 
 
 
 
Date:
November 1, 2012
By:
/s/ David B. Ramaker
 
 
 
David B. Ramaker
 
 
 
Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and President
 
 
 
(Principal Executive Officer)
 
 
 
 
Date:
November 1, 2012
By:
/s/ Lori A. Gwizdala
 
 
 
Lori A. Gwizdala
 
 
 
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
 
 
 
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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Exhibit Index
Exhibits. The following exhibits are filed as part of this report on Form 10-Q:
 
Exhibit
Number
  
Document
 
 
3.1

  
Restated Articles of Incorporation. Previously filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on May 5, 2011. Here incorporated by reference.
 
 
3.2

  
Bylaws. Previously filed as Exhibit 3.2 to the registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 20, 2009, filed with the SEC on January 23, 2009. Here incorporated by reference.
 
 
4.1

  
Restated Articles of Incorporation. Exhibit 3.1 is here incorporated by reference.
 
 
4.2

  
Bylaws. Exhibit 3.2 is here incorporated by reference.
 
 
31.1

  
Certification of Chief Executive Officer.
 
 
31.2

  
Certification of Chief Financial Officer.
 
 
32.1

  
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350.
 
 
101.1

  
Interactive Data File.*
 
 
 
*

 
As provided in Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, this information shall not be deemed “Filed” for purposes of Section 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or otherwise subject to liability under those sections.
 


62