UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 20-F
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008
Commission File Number 1-32297
CPFL ENERGIA S.A.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
CPFL ENERGY INCORPORATED | The Federative Republic of Brazil |
(Translation of registrants name into English) | (Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
________________________________________________
Rua Gomes de Carvalho, 1,510, 14° andar - Cj 1402
CEP 04547-005 Vila Olímpia - São Paulo, São Paulo
Federative Republic of Brazil
+55 11 3841-8507
(Address of principal executive offices)
________________________________________________
José Antonio de Almeida Filippo
+55 19 3756 8704 - jfilippo@cpfl.com.br
Rodovia Campinas Mogi Mirim, km 2,5 – Campinas, São Paulo - 13088 900
Federative Republic of Brazil
(Name, telephone, e-mail and/or facsimile
number and address of company contact person)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class: | Name of each exchange on which registered: | |
Common Shares, without par value* | ||
American Depositary Shares (as evidenced by American | New York Stock Exchange | |
Depositary Receipts), each representing 3 Common Shares |
*Not for trading, but only in connection with the registration of American Depositary Shares, pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act: None
As of December 31, 2008, there were 479,910,938 common shares, without par value, outstanding
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes | No |
If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Yes | No |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes | No |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). N/A
Yes | No |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of accelerated filer and large accelerated filer in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act, (Check one):
Large Accelerated Filer | Accelerated Filer | Non-accelerated Filer |
Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:
U.S. GAAP | IFRS | Other |
If "Other" has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow.
Item 17 | Item 18 |
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes | No |
TABLE OF CONTENTS
i
ii
PART III
iii
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This annual report contains information that constitutes forward-looking statements within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Many of the forward-looking statements contained in this annual report can be identified by the use of forward-looking words, such as believe, may, aim, estimate, continue, anticipate, will, intend, expect and potential, among others. Forward-looking statements include information concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations, business strategies, financing plans, competitive position, industry environment, potential growth opportunities, the effects of future regulation and the effects of competition. Those statements appear in a number of places in this annual report, principally under the captions Item 3. Key InformationRisk Factors, Item 4. Information on the Company and Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current beliefs, expectations and projections about future events and financial trends affecting our business. Many important factors, in addition to those discussed elsewhere in this annual report, could cause our actual results to differ substantially from those anticipated in our forward-looking statements. These factors include:
Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they were made, and we undertake no obligation to update or to revise them after we distribute this annual report because of new information, future events or other factors. In light of these limitations, you should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements contained in this annual report.
CERTAIN TERMS AND CONVENTIONS
A glossary of electricity industry terms is included in this annual report, beginning on page 96.
4
PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The audited consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2008, included in this annual report have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in Brazil (Brazilian Accounting Principles), which differ in certain respects from generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (U.S. GAAP). Note 34 to our audited consolidated financial statements provides a description of the principal differences between Brazilian Accounting Principles and U.S. GAAP, as they relate to us, and a reconciliation to U.S. GAAP of net income and shareholders equity.
We have translated some of the real amounts contained in this annual report into U.S. dollars. The rate used to translate such amounts was R$2.337 to US$1.00, which was the rate for the selling of U.S. dollars in effect as of December 31, 2008 as reported by the Central Bank of Brazil, or Central Bank. The U.S. dollar equivalent information presented in this annual report is provided solely for convenience of investors and should not be construed as implying that the real amounts represent, or could have been or could be converted into, U.S. dollars at such rates or at any other rate. See Item 3. Key InformationExchange Rates for more information regarding exchange rates between reais and U.S. dollars.
ITEM 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS
Not applicable.
ITEM 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE
Not applicable.
ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION
Selected Financial and Operating Data
The following table presents our selected historical financial and operating data. You should read the following information in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes, and the information under Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects and Item 8. Financial Information, included elsewhere in this annual report. The financial data at December 31, 2008 and 2007 and for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this annual report.
The financial information included in this annual report has been presented in accordance with Brazilian Accounting Principles, which differ in certain respects from U.S. GAAP. Note 34 to our audited consolidated financial statements provides a description of the principal differences between Brazilian Accounting Principles and U.S. GAAP, as they relate to us, and a reconciliation to U.S. GAAP of net income and shareholders equity.
Solely for the convenience of the reader, real amounts as of and for the year ended December 31, 2008 have been translated into U.S. dollars at the rate as reported by the Central Bank on December 31, 2008 of R$2.337 to US$ 1.00. The U.S. dollar equivalent information should not be construed to imply that the real amounts represent, or could have been or could be converted into, U.S. dollars at such rates or at any other rate.
5
Brazilian Accounting Principles have been undergoing rapid change pursuant to legislation adopted late in 2007. Changes that took effect in 2008 have been given effect in our audited consolidated financial statements, and in the selected financial data presented below, as of and for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007. The principal effects of these changes on our financial statements are as follows: (i) we recorded certain financial instruments (including derivates and certain debt linked to derivatives) at fair value and recognize fair-value gain and loss in the statement of operations, (ii) we reclassified certain investments and fixed assets as intangible assets on the balance sheet, (iii) we reclassified our permanents assets as non-current assets on the balance sheet, and (iv) we reclassified certain items as operating expenses in the income statement that were previously recorded as non-operating income (expense). The changes are described in full in Note 2.1 to the audited consolidated financial statements presented elsewhere in this annual report. Beginning in 2010, Brazilian companies must prepare their respective financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), as set forth by Brazilian authorities.
These changes have not been given effect in the selected financial data as of and for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, which are accordingly not comparable in certain limited respects.
6
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS DATA
For the year ended December 31, | |||||||||||
2008 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
(in millions, except per share and per ADS data) | |||||||||||
Brazilian Accounting Principles | |||||||||||
Operating revenues | US$ 6,150 | R$ 14,372 | R$ 14,207 | R$ 12,227 | R$ 10,907 | R$ 9,549 | |||||
Net operating revenues(1) | 4,153 | 9,706 | 9,410 | 7,912 | 6,992 | 6,736 | |||||
Operating costs: | |||||||||||
Electricity purchased for resale | 2,049 | 4,788 | 4,052 | 3,419 | 3,175 | 3,126 | |||||
Electricity network usage charges | 387 | 904 | 703 | 774 | 757 | 679 | |||||
Personnel | 128 | 299 | 263 | 243 | 200 | 190 | |||||
Post-retirement benefit obligation | (36) | (84) | (47) | (7) | 90 | 148 | |||||
Materials | 22 | 52 | 50 | 39 | 34 | 32 | |||||
Outside services | 58 | 135 | 134 | 111 | 98 | 88 | |||||
Depreciation and amortization | 145 | 340 | 341 | 297 | 273 | 251 | |||||
Fuel usage account CCC(1) | | | | | | 251 | |||||
Energy Development Account CDE(1) | | | | | | 185 | |||||
Services rendered to third parties | 3 | 7 | 6 | 21 | 12 | 9 | |||||
Other | 23 | 53 | 36 | 13 | 12 | 9 | |||||
2,778 | 6,493 | 5,539 | 4,910 | 4,651 | 4,966 | ||||||
Operating expenses: | |||||||||||
Sales and marketing(1) | 105 | 246 | 428 | 244 | 197 | 195 | |||||
General and administrative | 165 | 385 | 354 | 315 | 267 | 268 | |||||
Amortization of intangible assets related to concessions | 82 | 192 | 176 | 152 | 126 | 110 | |||||
Other(1) | 23 | 53 | 65 | 19 | 108 | 56 | |||||
375 | 877 | 1,024 | 730 | 698 | 633 | ||||||
Operating income | 1,000 | 2,336 | 2,847 | 2,272 | 1,643 | 1,140 | |||||
Financial expense, net | (177) | (414) | (375) | (151) | (212) | (568) | |||||
Non-operating income (expense), net | | | | 50 | (1) | (4) | |||||
Income and social contribution taxes | (272) | (636) | (827) | (734) | (336) | (244) | |||||
Net income before extraordinary item and minority | |||||||||||
interest | 550 | 1,285 | 1,646 | 1,437 | 1,094 | 324 | |||||
Extraordinary item, net of taxes(2) | | | | (33) | (33) | (34) | |||||
Minority interest | (4) | (10) | (5) | | (40) | (22) | |||||
Net income | US$ 546 | R$ 1,276 | R$ 1,641 | R$1,404 | R$ 1,021 | R$ 269 | |||||
Net income per share, before extraordinary item and | |||||||||||
minority interest | 1.15 | 2.68 | 3.43 | 3.00 | 2.28 | 0.72 | |||||
Net income per share | 1.14 | 2.66 | 3.42 | 2.93 | 2.13 | 0.59 | |||||
Net income per ADS, before extraordinary item and | |||||||||||
minority interest | 3.44 | 8.04 | 10.29 | 8.99 | 6.84 | 2.15 | |||||
Net income per ADS | 3.41 | 7.97 | 10.26 | 8.78 | 6.39 | 1.78 | |||||
Dividends declared(3) | 517 | 1,208 | 1,561 | 1,334 | 899 | 265 | |||||
Number of common shares outstanding at year-end | 480 | 480 | 480 | 480 | 480 | 452 | |||||
Dividends declared per share (3) | 1.08 | 2.52 | 3.25 | 2.78 | 1.87 | 0.59 | |||||
Dividends declared per ADS (3) | 3.23 | 7.55 | 9.76 | 8.34 | 5.62 | 1.77 | |||||
U.S. GAAP | |||||||||||
Operating revenues | 6,002 | 14,027 | 13,873 | 11,395 | 9,406 | 8,310 | |||||
Net operating revenues(1) | 4,018 | 9,390 | 9,181 | 7,316 | 6,053 | 5,880 | |||||
Operating income | 878 | 2,053 | 2,617 | 1,842 | 1,428 | 1,005 | |||||
Net income | 529 | 1,237 | 1,675 | 1,252 | 1,110 | 359 | |||||
Net income per share basic | 1.10 | 2.58 | 3.49 | 2.61 | 2.42 | 0.85 | |||||
Net income per ADS basic | 3.31 | 7.73 | 10.48 | 7.83 | 7.26 | 2.55 | |||||
Net income per share diluted | 1.10 | 2.58 | 3.49 | 2.61 | 2.39 | 0.84 | |||||
Net income per ADS diluted | 3.31 | 7.73 | 10.48 | 7.83 | 7.18 | 2.51 | |||||
Weighted average number of shares outstanding | 480 | 480 | 480 | 480 | 458 | 421 |
7
BALANCE SHEET DATA
As of December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||
Brazilian Accounting Principles | ||||||||||||
Current assets: | ||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | US$ 316 | R$ 738 | R$ 1,106 | R$ 540 | R$ 679 | R$ 500 | ||||||
Accounts receivable | 736 | 1,721 | 1,818 | 2,125 | 1,803 | 1,572 | ||||||
Other current assets | 536 | 1,253 | 1,152 | 941 | 1,288 | 1,151 | ||||||
Total current assets | 1,588 | 3,712 | 4,076 | 3,696 | 3,770 | 3,223 | ||||||
Non-current assets: | ||||||||||||
Accounts receivable | 122 | 286 | 215 | 165 | 416 | 582 | ||||||
Property, plant and equipment | 2,830 | 6,614 | 5,984 | 6,237 | 5,289 | 4,879 | ||||||
Intangible Assets | 1,155 | 2,700 | 2,856 | 2,807 | 2,619 | 2,347 | ||||||
Other non-current assets | 1,254 | 2,930 | 2,467 | 1,144 | 1,757 | 1,626 | ||||||
Total non-current assets | 5,362 | 12,531 | 11,522 | 10,353 | 10,081 | 9,434 | ||||||
Total assets | 6,950 | 16,243 | 15,598 | 14,049 | 13,851 | 12,657 | ||||||
Current liabilities: | ||||||||||||
Short-term debt (4) | 551 | 1,288 | 1,166 | 964 | 1,651 | 1,303 | ||||||
Other current liabilities | 1,264 | 2,954 | 3,051 | 2,821 | 2,488 | 1,745 | ||||||
Total current liabilities | 1,815 | 4,242 | 4,217 | 3,785 | 4,139 | 3,048 | ||||||
Long-term liabilities: | ||||||||||||
Long-term debt(4) | 2,541 | 5,939 | 5,265 | 4,279 | 3,394 | 3,830 | ||||||
Other long-term liabilities | 409 | 956 | 1,077 | 1,116 | 1,522 | 1,621 | ||||||
Total long-term liabilities | 2,950 | 6,894 | 6,342 | 5,395 | 4,916 | 5,451 | ||||||
Minority interest | 38 | 88 | 88 | 2 | | 137 | ||||||
Shareholders equity | 2,147 | 5,019 | 4,951 | 4,866 | 4,796 | 4,021 | ||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders equity | 6,950 | 16,243 | 15,598 | 14,049 | 13,851 | 12,657 | ||||||
U.S. GAAP | ||||||||||||
Shareholders equity | 2,759 | 6,448 | 6,892 | 6,781 | 6,271 | 5,178 | ||||||
Total assets | US$ 6,894 | R$ 16,112 | R$ 15,532 | R$ 14,435 | R$ 13,938 | R$ 12,952 |
8
OPERATING DATA
For the year ended December 31, | ||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
Energy sold (in GWh): | ||||||||||
Residential | 11,649 | 10,766 | 9,489 | 8,783 | 8,302 | |||||
Industrial | 16,066 | 16,692 | 16,882 | 16,995 | 17,897 | |||||
Commercial | 6,938 | 6,509 | 5,779 | 5,329 | 4,936 | |||||
Rural | 2,449 | 2,511 | 1,966 | 1,730 | 1,619 | |||||
Public administration | 1,027 | 972 | 862 | 800 | 746 | |||||
Public lighting | 1,355 | 1,284 | 1,152 | 1,098 | 1,070 | |||||
Public services | 1,634 | 1,590 | 1,472 | 1,400 | 1,358 | |||||
Own consumption | 32 | 30 | 25 | 25 | 26 | |||||
Total energy sold to Final Consumers | 41,150 | 40,354 | 37,627 | 36,160 | 35,954 | |||||
Electricity sales to wholesalers (in GWh) | 9,551 | 8,731 | 7,461 | 6,160 | 4,122 | |||||
Total consumers (in thousands)(5) | 6,425 | 6,257 | 5,749 | 5,610 | 5,467 | |||||
Installed capacity (in MW) | 1,704 | 1,588 | 1,072 | 915 | 854 | |||||
Assured energy (in GWh) | 7,134 | 6,698 | 4,962 | 4,214 | 3,807 | |||||
Energy generated (in GWh) | 6,659 | 6,382 | 3,407 | 3,126 | 2,734 |
(1) | CCC, CDE and research and development were reclassified in 2007 as deductions from gross operating revenues instead of operating costs as required by ANEEL under Brazilian Accounting Principles. For comparative purposes, this reclassification was applied for all years presented except for 2004. |
(2) | Reflects the initial effect of a change in Brazilian Accounting Principles for post-retirement benefit plans, net of taxes. This item does not qualify as an extraordinary item under U.S. GAAP. |
(3) | Dividends declared represents the total amount of dividends declared from net income for each period presented. |
(4) | Short-term debt and long-term debt include derivative and accrued interest. |
(5) | Represents active consumers (meaning consumers who are connected to the distribution network), rather than consumers invoiced at period-end. |
Exchange Rates
The Central Bank allows the real/U.S. dollar exchange rate to float freely, and it has intervened occasionally to control unstable movements in foreign exchange rates. We cannot predict whether the Central Bank or the Brazilian government will continue to let the real float freely or will intervene in the exchange rate market through a currency band system or otherwise. The real may depreciate or appreciate against the U.S. dollar substantially in the future. For more information on these risks, see Item 3. Additional InformationRisk FactorsRisks Relating to Brazil.
The following table provides information on the selling exchange rate, expressed in reais per U.S. dollar (R$/US$), for the periods indicated.
Average for | ||||||||
Period-end | period(1) | Low | High | |||||
(reais per U.S. dollar) | ||||||||
Year ended: | ||||||||
December 31, 2004 | 2.654 | 2.917 | 2.654 | 3.205 | ||||
December 31, 2005 | 2.341 | 2.412 | 2.163 | 2.762 | ||||
December 31, 2006 | 2.138 | 2.168 | 2.059 | 2.371 | ||||
December 31, 2007 | 1.771 | 1.930 | 1.733 | 2.156 | ||||
December 31, 2008 | 2.337 | 1.833 | 1.559 | 2.500 | ||||
Month: | ||||||||
October 2008 | 2.115 | 2.173 | 1.921 | 2.392 | ||||
November 2008 | 2.333 | 2.266 | 2.121 | 2.428 | ||||
December 2008 | 2.337 | 2.394 | 2.337 | 2.500 | ||||
January 2009 | 2.316 | 2.307 | 2.189 | 2.380 | ||||
February 2009 | 2.378 | 2.313 | 2.245 | 2.392 | ||||
March 2009 | 2.315 | 2.314 | 2.238 | 2.422 | ||||
April 2009 | 2.178 | 2.206 | 2.170 | 2.290 | ||||
May 2009 | 1.973 | 2.061 | 1.973 | 2.148 | ||||
June 2009 (through 18) | 1.971 | 1.952 | 1.930 | 1.978 |
(1) | Year-end figures represent the average of the month-end exchange rates during the relevant period. The figures provided for months in 2008 and 2009, as well as for the month of June up to and including June 18, 2009 represent the average of the exchange rates at the close of trading on each business day during such period. |
9
RISK FACTORS
Risks Relating to Our Operations and the Brazilian Power Industry
The current credit crisis and unfavorable general economic and market conditions may negatively affect our liquidity, customers, business, and results of operations. The global financial crisis may have impacts on our business and financial condition that we currently cannot predict.
The continued credit crisis and related turmoil in the global financial system may have an impact on our business and our financial condition. The effect of this crisis on our customers and on us cannot be predicted. The current economic situation also could lead to reduced demand or lower prices for energy, or both, which could have a negative effect on our revenues. Economic factors such as unemployment, inflation levels and the availability of credit could also have a material adverse effect on demand for energy and therefore on our financial condition and operating results. Our ability to access the capital markets may be restricted at a time when we would need financing, which could have an impact on our flexibility to react to changing economic and business conditions. In addition, the cost of debt financing and the proceeds of equity financing may be materially adversely affected by these market conditions.
We are subject to comprehensive regulation of our business, which fundamentally affects our financial performance.
Our business is subject to extensive regulation by various Brazilian regulatory authorities, particularly the National Electric Energy Agency, Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica (ANEEL). ANEEL regulates and oversees various aspects of our business and establishes our tariffs. If we are obliged by ANEEL to make additional and unexpected capital investments and are not allowed to adjust our tariffs accordingly, or if ANEEL modifies the regulations related to such adjustment, we may be adversely affected.
In addition, the implementation of our strategy for growth, as well as the ordinary carrying out of our business may be adversely affected by governmental actions such as changes to current legislation, the termination of federal and state concession programs, creation of more rigid criteria for qualification in future public energy auctions, or a delay in the revision and implementation of new annual tariffs.
If we are required to conduct our business in a manner substantially different from our current operations as a result of regulatory changes, our operations and financial results may be adversely affected.
The regulatory framework under which we operate is subject to legal challenge.
The Brazilian government implemented fundamental changes in regulation of the power industry under 2004 legislation known as the Lei do Novo Modelo do Setor Elétrico, or New Industry Model Law. Challenges to the constitutionality of the New Industry Model Law are still pending before the Brazilian Supreme Court. If all or part of the New Industry Model Law were held to be unconstitutional, it will have uncertain consequences for the validity of existing regulation and the further development of the regulatory framework. The outcome of the legal proceedings is difficult to predict, but they could have an adverse impact on the entire energy sector, including our business and results of operations.
We are uncertain as to the renewal of our concessions.
We carry out our generation and distribution activities pursuant to concession agreements entered into with the Brazilian Federal Government. Our concessions range in duration from 16 to 35 years, with the first expiration date in 2015. Five of our distribution subsidiaries have concessions that expire in July 2015, with options to renew for an additional 20 years.
The Brazilian constitution requires that all concessions relating to public services be awarded through a bidding process. Under laws and regulations specific to the electric sector, the Federal Government may renew existing concessions for additional periods of up to 30 years without a bidding process, provided that the concessionaire has met minimum performance standards and that the proposal is otherwise acceptable to the Federal Government. The Federal Government has considerable discretion under the Concessions Law and the concession contracts with respect to renewal of concessions, and there is no extensive history of administrative practice concerning renewals. As a result, we cannot assure you that our concessions will be renewed at all, or that they will be renewed on the same terms.
10
The tariffs that we charge for sales of electricity to captive consumers are determined by ANEEL pursuant to concession agreements with the Brazilian government, and our operating revenues could be adversely affected if ANEEL makes decisions relating to our tariffs that are not favorable to us.
ANEEL has substantial discretion to establish the tariff rates our distribution companies charge our consumers. Our tariffs are determined pursuant to concession agreements entered into with the Brazilian Federal Government, and in accordance with ANEELs regulations and decisions.
Our concession agreements and the Brazilian law establish a price cap mechanism that permits three types of tariff adjustments: (i) the annual adjustment (reajuste anual), (ii) the periodic revision (revisão periódica) and (iii) the extraordinary revision (revisão extraordinária). We are entitled to apply each year for the annual adjustment, which is designed to offset some effects of inflation on tariffs and pass through to consumers certain changes in our cost structure that are beyond our control, such as the cost of electricity we purchase from certain sources and certain regulatory charges, including charges for the use of transmission and distribution facilities. In addition, ANEEL carries out a periodic revision every four or five years that is aimed at identifying variations in our costs as well as setting a factor based on our operational efficiency that will be applied against the index of our ongoing annual tariff adjustments, the objective of which is to share any related gains with our consumers. We are also entitled to request an extraordinary revision of our tariffs if unpredictable costs significantly alter our cost structure.
We cannot be sure if ANEEL will establish tariffs at rates that are favorable to us, especially in the periodic revision process. In addition, to the extent that any of these adjustments are not granted by ANEEL in a timely manner, our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected.
We could be penalized by ANEEL for failing to comply with the terms of our concession agreements, which could result in fines, other penalties and, depending on the gravity of the non-compliance, in our concessions being terminated.
ANEEL may impose penalties on us in the event that we fail to comply with any provision of our concession agreements. Depending on the gravity of the non-compliance, these penalties could include the following:
In addition, the Brazilian government has the power to terminate any of our concessions by means of expropriation for reasons related to the public interest.
11
We are currently in compliance with all of the material terms of our concession agreements. However, we cannot assure you that we will not be penalized by ANEEL for breaching our concession agreements or that our concessions will not be terminated in the future. The compensation to which we are entitled upon termination of our concessions may not be sufficient for us to realize the full value of certain assets. If any of our concession agreements is terminated for reasons attributable to us, the effective amount of compensation by the granting authorities could be materially reduced through the imposition of fines or other penalties. Accordingly, the imposition of fines or penalties on us or the termination of any of our concessions could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
We may not be able to fully pass through the costs of our electricity purchases and, to meet demand, we could be forced to enter into short-term agreements to purchase electricity at prices substantially higher than under our long-term purchase agreements.
Under the New Industry Model Law, an electricity distributor must contract in advance, through public bids, for 100% of its forecasted electricity needs for its distribution concession areas. If our forecasted demand is incorrect and we purchase less or more electricity than we need, we may be prevented from fully passing through the costs of our electricity purchases. For instance, the New Industry Model Law provides, among other restrictions, that if our forecasts fall significantly short of actual electricity demand, we may be forced to make up the shortfall with shorter term electricity purchase agreements. If our acquisitions of electricity in the public auctions are above the Annual Reference Value (Valor Anual de Referência) established by the Brazilian government, we may not be able to fully pass through the costs of our electricity purchases. Our forecasted electricity demand may prove inaccurate, including as a result of consumers moving between the different markets (regulated and free). If there are significant variations between our electricity needs and the volume of our electricity purchases, our results of operations may be adversely affected. See Item 4. Information on the CompanyThe Brazilian Power IndustryThe New Industry Model Law.
Our reported financial condition and results could be adversely affected by changes in Brazilian Accounting Principles.
Brazilian Accounting Principles have been undergoing rapid change pursuant to legislation adopted late in 2007, requiring among other things that Brazilian accounting standard-setters move toward convergence with IFRS, which will be mandatory by 2010. Changes that took effect in 2008 have been given effect for the years 2007 and 2008 presented in our audited consolidated financial statements and are described in Note 2.1 to the audited consolidated financial statements.
Many new accounting standards have been adopted and are currently being implemented. Others are expected in the near future. We cannot yet predict the effects on our financial statements that will result when these changes take effect. These effects could include reducing our reported revenues, operating income or net income, or adversely affecting our balance sheet. Such changes could adversely affect our compliance with financial covenants under our financing facilities. They could also reduce the ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends to us, or our ability to pay dividends to our shareholders.
Two aspects of IFRS that could have a material impact on us, if they are adopted in Brazil, concern the recognition of regulatory assets and accounting for our concessions, such as a potential reclassification of property, plants and equipment as intangible assets, financial assets, or both. Under Brazilian Accounting Principles and U.S. GAAP, we recognize as assets and liabilities certain amounts that we are legally entitled to collect, or required to pay, in the future under the regulations applicable to our distribution subsidiaries. Accounting for regulatory assets and liabilities in this way has a very material effect on our reported financial condition and results of operations. See Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects. In addition, the implementation of IFRS could require us to reclassify assets related to our concessions that we currently classify as property, plant and equipment as intangible assets, financial assets, or both. Currently, there are authoritative interpretations of IFRS that we believe might limit our ability to recognize these assets and liabilities, as well as the manner in which we account for our concessions. We and other similarly situated Brazilian companies are discussing these points with the Brazilian standard-setters and regulators, but we cannot predict the outcome of those discussions or the ultimate manner in which IFRS or Brazilian standards based on IFRS will apply to us.
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ANEEL may limit distributions that our regulated subsidiaries may make to us.
The amounts that our regulated subsidiaries may distribute to us in the form of dividends in any given fiscal year depend on such subsidiaries making a profit, as calculated in accordance with the Brazilian Corporation Law. Despite the significant cash flow generated by our regulated subsidiaries, their results are affected by depreciation and by the amortization of intangible assets arising from the acquisition of RGE and Semesa. As a result, this limitation may eventually prevent some portion of the cash generated by our regulated subsidiaries from being distributed to us as dividends, and we would require approval by ANEEL to conduct a capital reduction.
We generate a significant portion of our operating revenues from consumers that qualify as potentially Free Consumers, and that are allowed to seek alternative electricity suppliers. We may face other types of competition that could adversely affect our market share and revenues.
Within our concession areas, other electricity suppliers are permitted to compete with us in offering electricity to certain consumers that qualify as potentially Free Consumers, to whom our distribution subsidiaries may supply electricity only at regulated tariffs. Such potentially Free Consumers may elect to opt out of our regulated distribution system upon the expiration of their contracts with us, by providing a six months prior notice, or by providing an one year prior notice if their contract with us is valid for an undetermined period of time. At December 31, 2008, we supplied energy to 157 potentially Free Consumers, which accounted for approximately 7.3% of our net operating revenues and approximately 8.4% of the total volume of electricity sold by our distributors during 2008. In addition, other consumers meeting certain criteria may become Free Consumers if they move to energy from renewable energy sources, such as small hydroelectric power plants or biomass. At December 31, 2008 we had a total of 1,501 of these consumers that accounted for approximately 16% of our net operating revenues and approximately 16.7% of the total volume of electricity sold by our distribution subsidiaries during 2008. A decision by our potentially Free Consumers to become Free Consumers and purchase electricity from electricity suppliers serving Free Consumers located in our concession areas could adversely affect our market share and results of operations.
In addition, it is possible that our large industrial clients could be authorized by ANEEL to generate electric energy for self consumption or sale to other parties, in which case they may obtain an authorization or concession for the generation of electric power in a given area, which could adversely affect our results of operations.
Our operating results depend on prevailing hydrological conditions. The impact of an electricity shortage and related electricity rationing, as in 2001 and 2002, may have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
We are dependent on the prevailing hydrological conditions in the geographic region in which we operate. In 2008, according to data from the National Electrical System Operator, Operador Nacional do Sistema Elétrico (ONS), more than 89% of Brazils electricity supply came from hydroelectric generation facilities. Our region is subject to unpredictable hydrological conditions, with non-cyclical deviations from average rainfall. The most recent period of low rainfall was in the years prior to 2001, when the Brazilian government instituted the Rationing Program, a program to reduce electricity consumption that was in effect from June 1, 2001 to February 28, 2002. The Rationing Program established limits for energy consumption for industrial, commercial and residential consumers, which ranged from a 15% to a 25% reduction in energy consumption, and lasted from June 2001 until February 2002. If Brazil experiences another electricity shortage, the Brazilian government may implement similar or other policies in the future to address the shortage that could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. A recurrence of poor hydrological conditions that result in a low supply of electricity to the Brazilian market could cause, among other things, the implementation of broad electricity conservation programs, including mandated reductions in electricity consumption. We cannot assure you that periods of severe or sustained below-average rainfall will not adversely affect our future financial results.
Construction, expansion and operation of our electricity generation and distribution facilities and equipment involve significant risks that could lead to lost revenues or increased expenses.
The construction, expansion and operation of facilities and equipment for the generation and distribution of electricity involves many risks, including:
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If we experience these or other problems, we may not be able to generate and distribute electricity in amounts consistent with our projections, which may have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. We do not have insurance for many of these risks.
Our equipment, facilities and operations are subject to environmental and health regulations that may become more stringent in the future and may result in increased liabilities and increased capital expenditures.
Our distribution and generation activities are subject to comprehensive federal and state legislation as well as supervision by Brazilian governmental agencies that are responsible for the implementation of environmental and health laws and policies. These agencies could take enforcement action against us for our failure to comply with their regulations. These actions could include, among other things, the imposition of fines and revocation of licenses. It is possible that enhanced environmental and health regulations will force us to allocate capital expenditures towards compliance, and consequently, divert funds away from planned investments. Such a diversion could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
If we are unable to complete our proposed capital expenditure program in a timely manner, the operation and development of our business may be adversely affected.
We plan to invest approximately R$796 million in our generation activities, including our biomass generation company CPFL Bioenergia, and R$4,200 million in our distribution activities during the period from 2009 through 2013. Our ability to carry out this capital expenditure program depends on a variety of factors, including our ability to charge adequate tariffs for our services, our access to domestic and international capital markets and a variety of operating, regulatory and other contingencies. We cannot be certain that we will have the financial resources to complete our proposed capital expenditure program, and failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on the operation and development of our business.
We are strictly liable for any damages resulting from inadequate rendering of electricity services, and our contracted insurance policies may not fully cover such damages.
Under Brazilian law we are strictly liable for direct and indirect damages resulting from the inadequate rendering of electricity distribution services. In addition, our distribution facilities may, together with our generation utilities, be held liable for damages caused to others as a result of interruptions or disturbances arising from the generation, transmission or distribution systems, whenever these interruptions or disturbances are not attributed to an identifiable member of the ONS.
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We are controlled by a few shareholders acting together, and their interests could conflict with yours.
As of December 31, 2008, VBC Energia S.A., or VBC, 521 Participações S.A., or 521, and Bonaire Participações S.A., or Bonaire, owned 27.85%, 31.10% and 12.65%, respectively, of our outstanding common shares. These entities are parties to a shareholders agreement, pursuant to which they share the power to control us. Our controlling shareholders may take actions that could be contrary to your interests, and our controlling shareholders will be able to prevent other shareholders, including you, from blocking these actions. In particular, our controlling shareholders control the outcome of decisions at shareholders meetings, and they can elect a majority of the members of our Board of Directors. Our controlling shareholders can direct our actions in areas such as business strategy, financing, distributions, acquisitions and dispositions of assets or businesses. Their decisions on these matters may be contrary to the expectations or preferences of our minority shareholders, including holders of our ADSs. See Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party TransactionsShareholders Agreement.
We are exposed to increases in prevailing market interest rates, as well as foreign exchange rate risk.
As of December 31, 2008, approximately 76.9% of our total indebtedness was denominated in reais and indexed to Brazilian money-market rates or inflation rates, or bore interest at floating rates. The remaining 23.1% of our total indebtedness was denominated in U.S. dollars and Japanese yen and substantially subject to currency swaps that converted these obligations into reais. Accordingly, if these indexation rates rise or the U.S. dollar/real or Japanese yen/real exchange rates appreciate, our financing expenses will increase.
Our indebtedness and debt service obligations could adversely affect our ability to operate our business and make payments on our debt.
As of December 31, 2008, we had a debt of R$6,588 million. Our indebtedness increases the possibility that we may be unable to generate cash sufficient to pay when due the principal, interest or other amounts due in respect of our indebtedness. In addition, we may incur additional debt from time to time to finance strategic acquisitions, investments, joint ventures or for other purposes, subject to the restrictions applicable under our existing indebtedness. If we incur additional debt, the risks associated with our leverage would increase.
We may acquire other companies in the electricity business, as we have in the past, and these acquisitions could increase our leverage or adversely affect our consolidated performance.
We regularly analyze opportunities to acquire other companies engaged in activities along the entire electricity generation, transmission and distribution chain. If we do acquire other electricity companies, it could increase our leverage or reduce our profitability. Furthermore, we may not be able to integrate the acquired companys activities and achieve the economies of scale and expected efficiency gains that often drive such acquisitions, and failure to do so could harm our financial condition and results of operations.
Risks Relating to Brazil
Brazilian political and economic conditions could adversely affect our business and the market price of the ADSs and our common shares.
The Brazilian government frequently intervenes in the Brazilian economy and occasionally makes significant changes in policy and regulations. The Brazilian governments economic policies have in the past involved, among other measures, price controls, currency devaluations, capital controls and limits on imports. A variety of government authorities are responsible for regulating in these areas and they sometimes issue conflicting policies. Our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected by changes or inconsistencies in policy or regulations involving exchange controls, price controls, tax policies, the financial system or other factors. These and other measures could also affect the market price of the ADSs and our common shares.
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Fluctuations in the value of the Brazilian real against foreign currencies may result in uncertainty in the Brazilian economy and the Brazilian securities market, and they could have a material adverse effect on our net income and cash flow.
In recent years, the Brazilian real has fluctuated against foreign currencies, and the value of the real may rise or decline substantially from current levels. For several years, and continuing through the first half of 2008, the Brazilian real strengthened regularly against the U.S. dollar, but beginning in the second half of 2008 it has greatly depreciated against the U.S. dollar. For additional information about historical exchange rates and the impact of the depreciation of the real, see Item 3. Key InformationExchange Rates and Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects¯Results of Operations¯2008 compared to 2007.
Depreciation of the real increases the cost of servicing our foreign currency-denominated debt and the cost of purchasing electricity from the Itaipu power plant, a hydroelectric facility that is one of our major suppliers and that adjusts electricity prices based in part on its U.S. dollar costs. Depreciation of the real also creates additional inflationary pressures in Brazil that may negatively affect us. Depreciation generally curtails access to international capital markets and may prompt government intervention. It also reduces the U.S. dollar value of our dividends and the U.S. dollar equivalent of the market price of our common shares and the ADSs.
Inflation and efforts by the Brazilian government to combat inflation may contribute significantly to economic uncertainty in Brazil and could harm our business and the market price of the ADSs and our common shares.
Brazil has in the past experienced extremely high rates of inflation. More recently, Brazils annual rate of inflation was 3.8% in 2006, 7.8% in 2007 and 9.8% in 2008 as measured by the General Market Price Index, Índice Geral de PreçosMercado (IGP-M). Inflation, and certain government actions taken to combat inflation, has in the past had significant negative effects on the Brazilian economy. Measures to curb inflation, and speculation about possible future governmental measures, have contributed to economic uncertainty in Brazil and heightened volatility in the Brazilian securities markets.
Future measures taken by the Brazilian government, including interest rate changes, intervention in the foreign exchange market and actions to adjust or fix the value of the real may trigger increases in inflation, and consequently, have adverse economic impacts on our business. If Brazil experiences high inflation in the future, we may not be able to adjust the rates we charge our consumers to offset the effects of inflation on our cost structure. Inflationary pressures may also hinder our ability to access foreign financial markets or lead to government policies to combat inflation that could harm our business or adversely affect the market price of the ADSs and our common shares.
Risks Relating to the ADSs and Our Common Shares
Holders of our ADSs may encounter difficulties in the exercise of voting rights.
Holders of our common shares are entitled to vote on shareholder matters. You may encounter difficulties in the exercise of some of your rights as a shareholder if you hold our ADSs rather than the underlying common shares. For example, you are not entitled to attend a shareholders meeting, and you can only vote by giving timely instructions to the depositary in advance of the meeting.
If you surrender your ADSs and withdraw common shares, you risk losing the ability to remit foreign currency abroad and certain Brazilian tax advantages.
As an ADS holder, you will benefit from the electronic certificate of foreign capital registration to be obtained by the custodian for our common shares underlying the ADSs in Brazil, which permits the custodian to convert dividends and other distributions with respect to the common shares into non-Brazilian currency and remit the proceeds abroad. If you surrender your ADSs and withdraw common shares, you will be entitled to continue to rely on the custodians electronic certificate of foreign capital registration for only five business days from the date of withdrawal. Thereafter, upon the disposition of or distributions relating to the common shares, you will not be able to remit abroad non-Brazilian currency unless you obtain your own electronic certificate of foreign capital registration or you qualify under Brazilian foreign investment regulations that entitle some foreign investors to buy and sell shares on Brazilian stock exchanges without obtaining separate electronic certificates of foreign capital registration. If you do not qualify under the foreign investment regulations you will generally be subject to less favorable tax treatment of dividends and distributions on, and the proceeds from any sale of, the common shares.
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If you attempt to obtain your own electronic certificate of foreign capital registration, you may incur expenses or suffer delays in the application process, which could delay your ability to receive dividends or distributions relating to our common shares or the return of your capital in a timely manner. The depositarys electronic certificate of foreign capital registration may also be adversely affected by future legislative changes.
The protections afforded to minority shareholders in Brazil are different from those in the United States, and may be more difficult to enforce.
Under Brazilian law, the protections afforded to minority shareholders are different from those in the United States. In particular, the legal framework with respect to shareholder disputes is less developed under Brazilian law than U.S. law and there are different procedural requirements for bringing shareholder lawsuits, such as shareholder derivative suits. As a result, in practice it may be more difficult for our minority shareholders to enforce their rights against us or our directors or controlling shareholders than it would be for shareholders of a U.S. company.
Changes in Brazilian tax laws may have an adverse impact on the taxes applicable to a disposition of the ADSs.
According to Law No. 10,833, enacted on December 29, 2003, the capital gains derived from the disposition of assets located in Brazil by a non-resident to either a Brazilian resident or a non-resident is subject to taxation in Brazil, regardless of whether the disposition occurs outside or within Brazil. If the disposition of assets is interpreted to include a disposition of the ADSs, this tax law could result in the imposition of withholding income tax on a disposition in Brazil of the ADSs by a non-resident of Brazil to another non-resident of Brazil. Because no judicial guidance as to the application of Law No. 10,833 yet exists, we are unable to predict whether an interpretation applying withholding income tax to dispositions of the ADSs between non-residents could ultimately prevail in the courts of Brazil. As a general rule, the capital gains derived from the disposition of common shares by a non-resident are subject to income tax in Brazil. See Item 10. Additional Information-TaxationBrazilian Tax Considerations.
Holders of ADSs may be unable to exercise preemptive rights with respect to our common shares.
We may not be able to offer our common shares to U.S. holders of ADSs pursuant to preemptive rights granted to holders of our common shares in connection with any future issuance of our common shares unless a registration statement under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, or the Securities Act, is effective with respect to such common shares and preemptive rights, or an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act is available. We are not obligated to file a registration statement relating to preemptive rights with respect to our common shares, and we cannot assure you that we will file any such registration statement. If such a registration statement is not filed and an exemption from registration does not exist, The Bank of New York, as depositary, will attempt to sell the preemptive rights, and you will be entitled to receive the net proceeds of such sale. However, these preemptive rights will expire if the depositary does not sell them, and U.S. holders of ADSs will not realize any value from the granting of such preemptive rights.
ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY
Overview
We are a corporation (sociedade por ações) incorporated and existing under the laws of Brazil with the legal name CPFL Energia S.A. Our principal executive offices are located at Rua Gomes de Carvalho, 1,510, 14º andar Cj 1402, Vila Olímpia, CEP 04547-005, in the City of São Paulo, State of São Paulo, Brazil and our telephone number is +55 11 3841-8507.
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We are a holding company that, through our subsidiaries, distributes, generates and commercializes electricity in Brazil. We were incorporated in 1998 as a joint venture among VBC, 521 and Bonaire to combine their interests in companies operating in the Brazilian power sector.
We are one of the largest electricity distributors in Brazil, based on the 37,323 GWh of electricity we distributed to approximately 6.4 million consumers in 2008. In 2008, our installed generating capacity was 1,704 MW. We are also involved in upgrading existing generation assets, building one new hydroelectric generation facility, one biomass generation project, and upgrading two small hydroelectric power plants, through which we expect to increase our installed generating capacity to 2,202 MW as they are completed over the next two years.
We also engage in electricity commercialization and provide electricity-related services to our affiliates as well as unaffiliated parties. In 2008, the total amount of electricity sold by our commercialization services was 7,608 GWh and 8,822 GWh to affiliated and unaffiliated parties, respectively.
In 2008 and through June 2009, the following developments affected our corporate structure:
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The following chart provides an overview of our corporate structure, as of June 2009:
Our core businesses are:
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Our Strategy
Our overall objective is to continue to be a leading supplier of electricity distribution services in Brazil, while expanding our other activities and maximizing profitability and shareholder value. We seek to achieve these goals by consistently pursuing operational efficiency, growth through business synergies, financial discipline, social responsibility and enhanced corporate governance standards. More specifically, our approach involves the following key business strategies:
Focus on further improving our operating efficiency. The distribution of electricity to captive consumers in our distribution concession areas is our largest business segment. We continue to focus on improving our service and maintaining low operating costs by exploiting synergies across subsidiaries and investing in new systems that monitor our assets so that they are more efficiently managed. We seek to create value for our shareholders by optimizing our debt portfolio and exercising shrewd financial judgment. We also believe that a strong distribution business of sufficient scale will continue to provide a springboard for our strategies in electricity generation and commercialization. We also make an effort to standardize and update our operations regularly, introducing automated systems where possible.
Complete the development of our existing generation projects and expand our generation portfolio by developing new generation projects. We have been developing a portfolio of new hydroelectric generating facilities. Between 2005 and 2008, four new plants became operational. The Castro Alves plant became fully operational in June 2008 and the first generation unit of 14 de Julho started operations in December 2008. By March 2009, when the second (and last) generation unit of 14 de Julho became fully operational, we had an installed capacity of 1,737 MW. By 2010, when Foz do Chapecó and CPFL Bioenergia are expected to become fully operational, we expect our generation capacity to reach 2,202 MW. Most of these generation facilities have associated long-term power purchase agreements (PPAs), approved by ANEEL, which we believe will ensure us an attractive rate of return on our investment. As per capita consumption of electricity in Brazil increases, we believe that there will continue to be new opportunities for us to explore investments in additional generation projects.
Expand and strengthen our commercialization business. Free Consumers represent a significant segment of the electricity market in Brazil. We strive to maintain our captive market. However, where we face competition, we make an effort to retain those of our consumers that are permitted to become Free Consumers by means of bilateral agreements with CPFL Brasil, our commercialization subsidiary, in addition to attracting additional Free Consumers from outside of our distribution companies concession areas. In order to achieve this objective, we foster positive relationships with customers by providing electricity-related services, strategic advice and decision-making support.
Position ourselves to take advantage of consolidation in our industry by using our experience in successfully integrating and restructuring other operations. We believe that with the stabilization of the regulatory environment in the Brazilian power industry, there may be substantial consolidation in the generation, the transmission and, particularly, the distribution sectors. Given our financial strength and managerial expertise, we believe that we are well-positioned to take advantage of this consolidation. If promising assets are available on attractive terms, we may make acquisitions that complement our existing operations and afford us further opportunities to take advantage of economies of scale.
Maintain a high level of social responsibility in the communities in which we operate. We aim to hold our business operations to the highest standards of social responsibility and sustainable development in terms of our efforts to respect the environment. We also support initiatives to advance the economic, cultural and social interests of the communities in which we operate and contribute effectively to their further development.
Follow enhanced corporate governance standards. We are dedicated to maintaining the highest levels of management transparency, provide equitable shareholder rights and, through various measures, including the increase of our free float and the liquidity of our shares, generate value for our shareholders.
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Our Service Territory
Distribution
We are one of the largest electricity distributors in Brazil, based on the amount of electricity we delivered in 2008. Our eight distribution subsidiaries together supply electricity to a region covering 208,205 square kilometers primarily in the States of São Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul. Their service areas include 568 municipalities and a population of approximately 17.2 million people. Together, they provided electricity to approximately 6.4 million consumers as of December 31, 2008. Our eight subsidiaries distributed approximately 12.9% of the total electricity distributed in Brazil, based on the most recent data available from ANEEL.
Distribution Companies
We have eight distribution subsidiaries:
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Market Share
ANEEL reported in the second quarter of 2008 that our market share in the Brazilian energy distribution sector for 2007 was 13.8% . In the fourth quarter of 2008, ANEEL reviewed the method it used to calculate our market share and adjusted its report to 12.9% . Our market share remained unchanged during 2008.
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Distribution Network
Our eight distribution subsidiaries own distribution lines with voltage levels ranging from 34.5 kV to 138 kV. These lines distribute electricity from the connection point with the Basic Network to our power sub-stations, in each of our concession areas. All consumers that connect to these distribution lines, such as Free Consumers or other concessionaires, are required to pay a tariff for using the system Tarifa de Uso do Sistema de Distribuição (TUSD).
Each of our subsidiaries has a distribution network consisting of a widespread network of predominantly overhead lines and sub-stations having successively lower voltage ranges. Consumers are classified in different voltage levels based on their consumption of, and demand for, electricity. Large industrial and commercial consumers receive electricity at high voltage ranges (up to 138 kV) while smaller industrial, commercial and residential consumers receive electricity at lower voltage ranges (2.3 kV and below).
As of December 31, 2008, our distribution network consisted of 200,414 kilometers of distribution lines including 233,609 distribution transformers. Our eight distribution subsidiaries had 9,454 km of high voltage distribution lines between 34.5 kV and 138 kV. At that date, we had 424 transformer sub-stations for transforming high voltage into medium voltages for subsequent distribution, with total transforming capacity of 12,423 mega-volt amperes. Of the industrial and commercial consumers in our concession area, 207 had 69 kV or 138 kV high-voltage electricity supplied through direct connections to our high voltage distribution lines.
System Performance
Electricity Losses
We experience two types of electricity losses: technical losses and commercial losses. Technical losses are those that occur in the ordinary course of our distribution of electricity. Commercial losses are those that result from illegal connections, fraud or billing errors. Our electricity loss rates compare favorably to the 14.12% average for other major Brazilian electricity distributors in 2007 according to the most recent information available from the Brazilian Association of Electric Energy Distributors, Associação Brasileira de Distribuidores de Energia Elétrica (ABRADEE), an industry association.
We are also actively engaged in efforts to reduce commercial losses. To achieve this, in each of our eight subsidiaries, we have deployed trained technical teams to conduct inspections, enhanced monitoring for irregular consumption, increased replacements for obsolete measuring equipment and developed a computer program to discover and analyze irregular invoicing. Approximately 584,000 inspections were conducted during 2008, which we believe led to a recovery of receivables estimated at more than R$136 million. Our eight distribution subsidiaries have lower rates of commercial losses than other Brazilian power companies.
Power Outages
The following table sets forth for each of our distribution subsidiaries the frequency and duration of electricity outages per consumer for the year 2008:
Year ended December 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||
CPFL | ||||||||||||||||
CPFL | CPFL | CPFL | CPFL | CPFL | Leste | CPFL Sul | ||||||||||
Paulista | Piratininga | RGE | Santa Cruz | Jaguari | Mococa | Paulista | Paulista | |||||||||
FEC1 | 5.87 | 5.36 | 9.67 | 6.93 | 5.40 | 7.25 | 8.85 | 7.10 | ||||||||
DEC2 | 6.85 | 6.54 | 15.43 | 5.66 | 7.24 | 7.66 | 8.73 | 8.13 |
(1) | Frequency of outages per consumer per year (number of outages) |
(2) | Duration of outages per consumer per year (in hours) |
We seek to improve the quality and reliability of our power supply, as measured by the frequency and duration of our power outages. Our frequency and duration of interruptions per consumer during 2008 compare favorably to the averages for other Brazilian distribution companies, which were 11.72 and 16.08 respectively.
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Based on data published by ANEEL, the duration and frequency of outages at CPFL Paulista and CPFL Piratininga are among the lowest in Brazil compared to companies of similar size. The duration of outages at RGE are comparatively higher than those at CPFL Paulista and CPFL Piratininga, but they remain in line with the average rate for power companies in Southern Brazil mainly as a result of the lack of redundancies in its distribution system, the use of medium voltage lines and a lower level of automation in the network. Moreover, these indicators at RGE are at historical lows for the company due principally to its corporate reorganization and maintenance policy.
Our distribution subsidiaries have construction and maintenance technology that allows for repairs of the electricity network without interruption in electricity service, which allows us to have low levels of scheduled interruption, amounting to approximately up to 19% of total interruptions. Unscheduled interruptions due to accidents or natural causes, including lightning storms, fire and wind represented the remainder of our total interruptions. In 2008, we invested a total of R$292 million in materials, services and other related items to renovate and improve our distribution network to minimize both scheduled and unscheduled interruptions, and we expect to invest an additional R$325 million for such purposes in 2009.
We strive to improve response times for our repair services. The quality indicators for the provision of energy by CPFL Paulista and CPFL Piratininga have maintained levels of excellence while complying with regulatory standards. This was also mainly the result of our efficient operational logistics, including the strategic positioning of our teams and the technology and automation of our network and operation centers, together with a preventive maintenance and conservation plan.
Purchases of Electricity
Most of the electricity we sell is purchased from unrelated parties, rather than generated by our facilities. In 2008, 8.6% of the total electricity our distribution subsidiaries acquired was purchased from our generation subsidiaries. Of the total energy that we purchased in 2008, 67.2% was purchased in the regulated market and 32.8% was purchased in the free market.
In 2008, we purchased 11,085 GWh of electricity from the Itaipu power plant, amounting to 22.5% of the total electricity we purchased. Itaipu is located on the border of Brazil and Paraguay and is subject to a bilateral treaty between the two countries pursuant to which Brazil has committed to purchasing specified amounts of electricity. Electric utilities operating under concessions in the Midwest, South and Southeast regions of Brazil are required by law to purchase a portion of the electricity that Brazil is obligated to purchase from Itaipu. The amounts that these companies must purchase are governed by take-or-pay contracts with tariffs established in US$/kW. ANEEL annually determines the amount of electricity to be sold by Itaipu. We pay for energy purchased from Itaipu in accordance with the ratio between the volume established by ANEEL and our statutorily established share, regardless of whether Itaipu generates such amount of electricity. Our purchases represent approximately 17% of Itaipus total supply to Brazil. This share was fixed by law according to the amount of electricity sold in 1991. The rates at which companies are required to purchase Itaipus electricity are established pursuant to the bilateral treaty, and fixed to cover Itaipus operating expenses and payments of principal and interest on Itaipus U.S. dollar-denominated debts, as well as the cost of transmitting the power to their concession areas.
The Itaipu plant has an exclusive transmission grid. Distribution companies pay a fee for the use of this grid.
In 2008, we paid an average of R$88.10 per MWh for purchases of electricity from Itaipu, as compared to R$89.44 during 2007 and R$82.34 during 2006. These figures do not include the transmission fee.
We purchased 38,246 GWh of electricity in 2008 from generating companies other than Itaipu, representing 77.5% of the total electricity we purchased. For more information on the regulated market and the free market, see The Brazilian Power IndustryThe New Industry Model Law.
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The following table shows amounts purchased from our suppliers in the regulated market and in the free market, for the periods indicated.
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
(in GWh) | ||||||
Electricity purchased in the regulated market: | ||||||
Itaipu | 11,085 | 10,990 | 10,761 | |||
Tractebel Energia S.A. | 7,128 | 8,110 | 6,690 | |||
Petrobrás Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. | 1,718 | 1,717 | 1,717 | |||
AES Uruguaiana Ltda. | 1,243 | 1,244 | 1,119 | |||
Duke Energy Inter. Ger. Paranapanema S.A. | 219 | 1,195 | 939 | |||
Furnas Centrais Elétricas S.A. | 1,261 | 1,207 | 892 | |||
Electric Energy Trading Chamber CCEE | 2,820 | 783 | 520 | |||
Companhia de Geração de Energia Elétrica Tietê | 302 | 377 | 387 | |||
Cia Estadual de Energia Elétrica CEEE | 94 | 96 | 69 | |||
Empresa Metropolitana de Aguas e Energia EMAE | 23 | 28 | 20 | |||
Companhia Energética de São Paulo CESP | 1,711 | 1,071 | 372 | |||
Companhia Hidro Elétrica do São Francisco CHESF | 1,121 | 634 | 455 | |||
Companhia Energética de Minas Gerais CEMIG. | 723 | 295 | 250 | |||
TermoRio S.A. | 309 | | | |||
Enguia Gen | 72 | | | |||
Other | 3,319 | 1,927 | 1,033 | |||
Total | 33,148 | 29,674 | 25,225 | |||
Electricity purchased in the free market | 16,183 | 18,488 | 20,773 | |||
Total | 49,331 | 48,162 | 45,998 | |||
The provisions of our electricity supply contracts are governed by ANEEL regulations. The main provisions of each contract relate to the amount of electricity purchased, the price, including adjustments for various factors such as inflation indexes, and the duration of the contract.
Transmission Tariffs. In 2008, we paid a total of R$904 million in tariffs for the use of the transmission network, including Basic Network tariffs, connection tariffs and transmission of high-voltage electricity from Itaipu at rates set by ANEEL.
Consumers and Tariffs
Consumers
We classify our consumers into five principal categories. See Note 23 to our audited consolidated financial statements for a breakdown of our sales by category.
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Tariffs
Retail Distribution Tariffs. We classify our consumers into two different groups, Group A consumers and Group B consumers, based on the voltage level at which the electricity is supplied to such consumers. Each consumer is placed in a certain tariff level defined by law and based on its respective classification, although some volume-based discounts are available. Group B consumers pay higher tariffs. There are differentiated tariffs in Group B by types of consumer (such as residential, commercial, rural and industrial). Consumers in Group A pay lower tariffs, decreasing from A4 to Al, because they are supplied electricity at higher voltages, which requires lower use of the energy distribution system. Tariffs we charge for sales of electricity to Final Consumers are determined pursuant to our concession agreements and regulations established by ANEEL. These concession agreements and related regulations establish a cap on tariffs that provides for annual, periodic and extraordinary adjustments. For a discussion of the regulatory regime applicable to our tariffs and their adjustment, see The Brazilian Power Industry.
Group A consumers receive electricity at 2.3 kV or higher. Tariffs for Group A consumers are based on the voltage level at which electricity is supplied, and the time of year and the time of day electricity is supplied, although consumers may opt for a differentiated tariff in peak periods. Tariffs for Group A consumers are comprised of two components: a capacity charge and an energy charge. The capacity charge, expressed in reais per kW, is based on the higher of (i) contracted firm capacity or (ii) power capacity actually used. The energy charge, expressed in reais per MWh, is based on the amount of electricity actually consumed. Group A consumers are those that will likely qualify as Free Consumers under the New Industry Model Law.
Group B consumers receive electricity at less than 2.3 kV (220V and 127V). Tariffs for Group B consumers consist solely of an energy consumption charge and are based on the classification of the consumer.
The following table sets forth our average retail prices for each consumer category for 2008. These prices include taxes (ICMS, PIS and COFINS) and were calculated based on our revenues and the volume of eletricity sold in 2008.
CPFL | CPFL | |||||||||||||||
CPFL | CPFL | Santa | Leste | CPFL Sul | CPFL | CPFL | ||||||||||
Paulista | Piratininga | RGE | Cruz | Paulista | Paulista | Jaguari | Mococa | |||||||||
(R$/MWh) | ||||||||||||||||
Residential | 374.67 | 360.91 | 469.23 | 384.86 | 456.17 | 403.47 | 336.54 | 471.47 | ||||||||
Industrial | 296.38 | 267.56 | 318.35 | 305.08 | 294.26 | 246.16 | 230.10 | 284.23 | ||||||||
Commercial | 332.64 | 323.83 | 455.77 | 368.28 | 425.44 | 412.09 | 301.86 | 401.77 | ||||||||
Rural | 178.96 | 166.27 | 182.10 | 165.61 | 233.02 | 221.66 | 95.70 | 230.65 | ||||||||
Other | 243.51 | 235.69 | 259.40 | 188.12 | 288.41 | 269.23 | 236.07 | 274.46 | ||||||||
Total | 317.83 | 305.73 | 345.93 | 296.30 | 334.59 | 307.83 | 223.92 | 341.65 |
Under current regulations, residential consumers are classified as low income residential consumers according to the amount of energy they consume. Consumers that utilize less than 80 kWh to 220 kWh per month, depending on the regulations in the region in which they live, can be deemed low income residential consumers or can apply to become low income residential consumers, and accordingly receive benefits under some of the Brazilian governments social programs. One such benefit afforded to low income residential consumers is that they are not subject to the payment of emergency capacity and emergency acquisition charges or any extraordinary tariff approved by ANEEL.
TUSD. Under applicable laws and regulations, we are required to allow use of our high-voltage distribution lines by others, including Free Consumers within our distribution concession areas that are supplied by third parties. All of our consumers must pay a fee for the use of our network. In 2008, tariff revenues for the use of our network by Free Consumers amounted to R$858 million. The average tariff for the use of our network was 63.92 R$/MWh in 2008, including the TUSD we charge to other distributors connected to our distribution network.
Billing Procedures
The procedure we use for billing and payment for electricity supplied to our consumers is determined by consumer category. Meter readings and invoicing take place on a monthly basis for low voltage consumers, with the exception of rural consumers whose meters are read in intervals varying from one to three months, as authorized by relevant regulation. Bills are prepared from meter readings or on the basis of estimated usage. Low voltage consumers are billed within three business days after the meter reading, with payment required within five business days after the invoice date. In case of nonpayment, a notification of nonpayment accompanied by the next months invoice, is sent to the consumer and a period of 15 days is provided to eliminate the amount owed to us. If payment is not received within three business days after the 15-day period, the consumers electricity supply is suspended.
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High voltage consumers are billed on a monthly basis with payment required within five business days after the invoice date. In the event of non-payment, a notice is sent to the consumer four business days after the due date, giving a deadline of 15 days to make payment. If payment is not made within three business days after the notice, the consumer is subject to discontinuation of service.
At December 31, 2008, consumers in default represented an average 1.36% of annual revenues of our eight subsidiaries. These figures have fallen consistently in the past few years and are currently are among the lowest in the Brazilian power industry.
Customer Service
We strive to provide high-quality customer service to our distribution consumers. We operate call centers at each of our distribution subsidiaries providing customer service 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. In 2008, our call centers responded to more than 11 million calls. We also provide customer service through our Internet website, which handled approximately 6 million customer requests in 2008, and through our branch offices, which handled approximately 2 million customer requests in 2008. The growth in electronic requests has allowed us to reduce our customer service costs. Following receipt of a customer service request, we dispatch our technicians to make any necessary repairs.
Generation of Electricity
We are actively expanding our generating capacity. In accordance with Brazilian regulation, revenues from generation are based mainly on assured energy of each facility, rather than its installed capacity or actual output of each generating facility. Assured energy is a fixed output of electricity established by the Brazilian government in the relevant concession agreement. For companies that are centrally dispatched by the ONS, actual output is determined periodically by the ONS in view of demand and hydrological conditions. Provided generators have sold their electricity and participate in the Energy Reallocation Mechanism, Mecanismo de Realocação de Energia (MRE), they will receive at least the amount relating to the assured energy, even if they do not actually generate all of it. Conversely, in case the generators output exceeds the assured energy their incremental revenue will only cover the costs associated thereto. Most of our hydroelectric plants are members of the MRE, which mitigates hydrologic risks.
In 2008, CPFL Geração owned 51.54% interest in the assured energy from the Serra da Mesa power plant. Through our generation subsidiaries CERAN, BAESA and ENERCAN, CPFL Geração also owned interests in the Monte Claro, Barra Grande, Campos Novos, Castro Alves and 14 de Julho plants, which have been operational since December 2004, November 2005, February 2007, March 2008 and December 2008, respectively. Through CPFL Jaguariúna, we owned 6.93% interest in the Luis Eduardo Magalhães power plant. We also operated 33 small hydroelectric power plants and one thermoelectric plant.
Our total installed generation capacity from all of these facilities was 1,704 MW as of December 31, 2008. We produce electricity almost exclusively through our hydroelectric plants. We generated 6,659 GWh in 2008, 6,382 GWh in 2007, and 3,407 GWh in 2006. We are also currently involved in a joint venture to build the hydroelectric generation facility of Foz do Chapecó. We are also renovating existing facilities in order to increase our total installed generation capacity to 2,202 MW by 2010.
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The following table sets forth certain information relating to our principal facilities in operation as of June 2009.
Installed | Assured | Placed in | Facility | Concession | ||||||
CPFL Geração Plants | capacity | energy | service | upgraded | expires | |||||
(MW) | (GWh/year) | |||||||||
Hydroelectric plants: | ||||||||||
Serra da Mesa | 1,275.0 | 5,878.0 | 1998 | (1) | ||||||
Our share of Serra da Mesa (51.54%) | 657.1 | 3,029.5 | ||||||||
Monte Claro | 130.0 | 516.8 | 2004 | 2036 | ||||||
Our share of Monte Claro (65%) | 84.5 | 335.9 | ||||||||
Barra Grande | 690.0 | 3,334.1 | 2005 | 2036 | ||||||
Our share of Barra Grande (25.01%) | 172.5 | 833.7 | ||||||||
Campos Novos | 880.0 | 3,310.4 | 2007 | 2035 | ||||||
Our share of Campos Novos (48.72%) | 428.8 | 1,612.9 | ||||||||
Castro Alves | 130.0 | 560.6 | 2008 | 2036 | ||||||
Our share of Castro Alves (65%) | 84.5 | 364.4 | ||||||||
14 de Julho | 100.0 | 438.0 | 2008(6) | 2036 | ||||||
Our share of 14 de Julho (65%) | 65.0 | 284.7 | ||||||||
Americana | 30.0 | 78.8 | 1949 | 2002 | 2027 | |||||
Andorinhas | 0.5 | 4.0 | 1937 | (2) | (4) | |||||
Buritis | 0.8 | 7.9 | 1922 | 2027 | ||||||
Capão Preto | 4.3 | 20.0 | 1911 | 2008 | 2027 | |||||
Cariobinha | 1.3 | 0 | 1936 | (3) | 2027 | |||||
Chibarro | 2.6 | 14.8 | 1912 | 2008 | 2027 | |||||
Dourados | 10.8 | 68.0 | 1926 | 2002 | 2027 | |||||
Eloy Chaves | 19.0 | 106.9 | 1954 | 1993 | 2027 | |||||
Esmeril | 5.0 | 25.2 | 1912 | 2003 | 2027 | |||||
Gavião Peixoto | 4.8 | 33.5 | 1913 | 2007 | 2027 | |||||
Guaporé | 0.7 | 5.4 | 1950 | (2) | (4) | |||||
Jaguari | 11.8 | 78.8 | 1917 | 2002 | 2027 | |||||
Lençóis | 1.7 | 14.7 | 1917 | 1988 | 2027 | |||||
Monjolinho | 0.6 | 2.7 | 1893 | 2003 | 2027 | |||||
Pinhal | 6.8 | 32.4 | 1928 | 1993 | 2027 | |||||
Pirapó | 0.7 | 5.6 | 1952 | (4) | ||||||
Saltinho | 0.8 | 6.4 | 1950 | (4) | ||||||
Salto do Pinhal | 0.6 | 0 | 1911 | (3) | 2027 | |||||
Salto Grande | 4.6 | 23.8 | 1912 | 2003 | 2027 | |||||
Santana | 4.3 | 25.4 | 1951 | 2002 | 2027 | |||||
São Joaquim | 8.1 | 49.3 | 1911 | 2002 | 2027 | |||||
Socorro | 1.0 | 5.3 | 1909 | 1994 | 2027 | |||||
Três Saltos | 0.6 | 5.3 | 1928 | 2027 | ||||||
Ponte do Silva | 0.1 | 0 | 1956 | (4) | ||||||
Thermoelectric plants: | ||||||||||
Carioba | 36.0 | 93.7 | 1954 | 2027 | ||||||
Sub-total (our share only) | 1,649.9 | 7,169.0 |
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Installed | Assured | Placed in | Facility | Concession | ||||||
CPFL Jaguariúna Plants | capacity | energy | service | upgraded | expires | |||||
(MW) | (GWh/year) | |||||||||
Hydroelectric plants: | ||||||||||
Lavrinha | 0.3 | (5) | 1947 | (4) | ||||||
Macaco Branco | 2.4 | (5) | 1911 | 2015 | ||||||
Pinheirinho | 0.6 | (5) | 1911 | (4) | ||||||
Rio do Peixe I | 3.1 | (5) | 1925 | 2015 | ||||||
Rio do Peixe II | 15.0 | (5) | 1998 | 2015 | ||||||
Santa Alice | 0.6 | (5) | 1907 | (4) | ||||||
São José | 0.8 | (5) | 1934 | (4) | ||||||
São Sebastião | 0.7 | (5) | 1925 | (4) | ||||||
Turvinho | 0.8 | (5) | 1912 | (4) | ||||||
Luis Eduardo Magalhães | 902.5 | 4,613.0 | 2001 | 2032 | ||||||
Our share of Luis Eduardo Magalhães (6.93%) | 62.5 | 319.7 | ||||||||
Sub-total | 86.8 | 319.7 | ||||||||
Total | 1,736.8 | 7,488.7 |
(1) | The concession for Serra da Mesa is held by Furnas. We have a contractual right to 51.54% of the assured energy of this facility, under a 30-year rental agreement, expiring in 2028. |
(2) | Power plants that will be upgraded by 2010. |
(3) | Power plants that are not active. |
(4) | Hydroelectric projects with a generation capacity equal to or less than 1,000 kW that are registered with the regulatory authority and the administrator of power concessions, but are not eligible to concession or authorization processes. |
(5) | Power plants that currently do not have assured energy approved by the MME. The energy that they produce is used by our distribution subsidiaries, reducing our energy purchases. We have applied for the assignment of a total of 78.6 GWh per year of assured energy for these nine small hydroelectric power plants and are waiting for MME and ANEEL approval. |
(6) | The first generation unit of 14 de Julho became operational in December 25, 2008 and the second (and last) generation unit became operational on March 12, 2009. |
Serra da Mesa. Our largest hydroelectric facility in operation is the Serra da Mesa facility, which we acquired in 2001 from VBC, one of our controlling shareholders. Furnas began construction on the Serra da Mesa facility in 1985. In 1994, construction was suspended due to a lack of resources, which led to a public bidding procedure in order to resume construction. Serra da Mesa currently consists of three hydroelectric facilities located on the Tocantins River in the State of Goiás. The Serra da Mesa facility began operations in 1998 and has an installed capacity of 1,275 MW. The concession for the Serra da Mesa facility is owned by Furnas, which is also the operator, and we own part of the facility. Under Furnas rental agreement with us, which has a 30-year term commencing in 1998, we have the right to 51.54% of the assured energy of the Serra da Mesa facility until 2028, irrespective of the actual electricity produced by the facility, even if, during the term of the concession, there is an expropriation or forfeiture of the concession or the term of the concession expires. We sell all of such electricity to Furnas under an electricity purchase contract that expires in 2014 and that adjusts annually based on the IGP-M. After the expiration of this electricity purchase arrangement with Furnas, we will retain, until 2028, the right to 51.54% of the assured energy of Serra da Mesa. We will be allowed to commercialize it in accordance with regulations applicable at such time. Our share of the installed capacity and assured energy of the Serra da Mesa facility is 657 MW and 3,030 GWh/year, respectively. On May 5, 2008, Furnas requested the renewal of the plant concession term for an additional 20 years.
CERAN Complex. We own a 65% interest in CERAN, a joint venture that was granted a 35-year concession in March 2001 to construct, finance and operate the CERAN hydroelectric complex. The other shareholders are CEEE (30%) and Desenvix (5%). The CERAN hydroelectric complex consists of three hydroelectric plants: Monte Claro, Castro Alves and 14 de Julho. The complex is located on the Antas River approximately 120 km north of Porto Alegre, near the city of Bento Gonçalves, in the State of Rio Grande do Sul. The entire CERAN Complex will have estimated installed capacity of 360 MW and estimated assured energy of 1,515.5 GWh per year, of which our share will be 985.1 GWh/year. These facilities are operated by CERAN, under CPFL Geraçãos supervision.
Monte Claro (Ceran Complex). In 2004, Monte Claros first generator became operational, with an installed capacity of 65 MW and assured energy of 509.8 GWh a year, and in 2006, the second generator became operational, with an installed capacity of 65 MW and assured energy of 7.0 GWh per year. The plant has a total of 130 MW in installed capacity and 516.8 GWh in assured energy per year.
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Castro Alves (Ceran Complex). In March 2008, the first generation unit of Castro Alves plant became operational, with an installed capacity of 43.4 MW and annual assured energy of 353.0 GWh. In April 2008, the second generation unit became operational, with an installed capacity of 43.4 MW and annual assured energy of 207.61 GWh. This plant became fully operational in June 2008, with a total installed capacity of 130 MW and annual assured energy of 560.6 GWh. Castro Alves added 84.5 MW to our capacity and an annual assured energy of 364.4 GWh.
14 de Julho (Ceran Complex). The first generation unit became operational on December 25, 2008, and the second generation unit became fully operational on March 12, 2009. This plant has a total installed capacity of 100 MW and an annual assured energy of 438.0 GWh. 14 de Julho added 65 MW to our capacity and an annual assured energy of 284.7 GWh.
Barra Grande. This facility became fully operational on May 1, 2006 with a total installed capacity of 690 MW and total assured energy of 3,334.1 GWh per year. CPFL Geração owns a 25.01% interested in this plant. The other shareholders of the joint venture are Alcoa (42.18%), CBA (Companhia Brasileira de Alumínio) (15.00%), DME (Departamento Municipal de Eletricidade de Poços de Caldas) (8.82%), and Camargo Corrêa Cimentos S.A. (9.00%) .
Campos Novos. We own a 48.72% interest in ENERCAN, a joint venture formed by a consortium of private and public sector companies that was granted a 35-year concession in May 2000 to construct, finance and operate the Campos Novos hydroelectric facility. The plant was constructed on the Canoas River in the State of Santa Catarina, and became fully operational on May 1, 2007 with a total installed capacity of 880 MW and assured energy of 3,310.4 GWh per year, of which our interest is 1,612.9 GWh per year. The other shareholders of ENERCAN are CBA (24.73%), Votorantim Metais Níqueis S.A. (20.04%) and CEEE (Companhia Estadual de Energia Elétrica) (6.51%) . The plant is operated by ENERCAN under CPFL Geraçãos supervision. This plant increased our installed capacity by 428,8 MW.
Luis Eduardo Magalhães Power Plant. We own a 6.93% interest in Luis Eduardo Magalhães power plant, also known as UHE Lajeado. The plant is located on the Tocantins river in the State of Tocantins, and became fully operational in November, 2002 with a total installed capacity of 902.5 MW and assured energy of 4,613 GWh per year. The plant was built by Investco S.A., a consortium comprised of Lajeado Energia, EDP (Energias de Portugal), CEB (Companhia Energética de Brasília) and Paulista Lajeado (that we acquired in 2007).
Small Hydroelectric Power Plants. We operate 33 small hydroelectric power plants. Since 1988, we have been investing in their renovation and automation to increase their output. The program basically consists of the substitution of generation units by means of increase of power, replacing existing turbines and upgrading peripheral equipment and automated systems, as well as restoring infrastructure. Through these initiatives we hope to increase the assured energy of such plants, their production of electricity and our profitability, while minimizing operational costs.
The automation of these power plants permits the remote execution of their control, supervision and operations. We also created an operation center for the management and monitoring of our power plants in Campinas, making it possible for the entire production cycle of the power plants to be remotely controlled in real time.
The costs of operations and maintenance of CPFL Geraçãos plants decreased from R$26.47/MWh in 1997 to R$14.70/MWh in 2008. The rate of availability of our power generation equipment increased from 82% in 1997 to 96% in 2008. Through 2010 we expect to begin projects to refurbish two power plants: Andorinhas and Guaporé.
In 2004, modernizing projects were presented for Gavião Peixoto, Chibarro and Capão Preto. The Gavião Peixoto project was approved by ANEEL in July of 2004 and the new assured energy level was approved by the Ministry of Mines and Energy, Ministério de Minas e Energia (MME) in June 2005, thereby increasing from 19.3 GWh per year to 33.5 GWh per year. Work on this project began in August 2005. The first generator began commercial operations in June 2007 and renovation projects were completed in July 2007. The renovation projects at the Capão Preto and Chibarro plants were approved by ANEEL in August and September 2005, respectively. The MME approved an increase in assured energy at Capão Preto from 8.7 GWh per year to 19.9 GWh per year, and at Chibarro from 6.1 GWh per year to 14.8 GWh per year. The modernization and renovation of these plants began in October 2006. Chibarro and Capão Preto were completed in February 2008.
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Thermoelectric Plants. We operate one thermoelectric power plant with an installed capacity of 36 MW. The Carioba facility was constructed in 1954. As of 2002, the Carioba facility was operating with 100% fuel-subsidized oil. Beginning in 2003, this subsidy was gradually reduced and contracted electricity was simultaneously decreased by 25% per year. By the end of 2006, the subsidy was phased out entirely and, as a result, all assured energy at Carioba is now available to be contracted pursuant to PPAs. In addition, we are investing in a generation project with Baldin Bioenergia S.A., through a consortium agreement entered into in August 2008 by our wholly-owned subsidiary CPFL Bioenergia. This project involves the construction, operation and maintenance of a thermoelectric plant that will use the burning of sugar cane as fuel and will have an installed capacity of 45 MW, of which 20 MW will be used for its own consumption and 25 MW is to be exported. Each party owns 50% of the consortium, which will be responsible for the construction of the plant in the city of Pirassununga in the State of São Paulo.
Expansion of Generation Capacity
Demand for electricity in our distribution concession areas continues to grow. To address this increase in demand, and to improve our margins, we are expanding our generation capacity. We are currently completing the Foz do Chapecó hydroelectric plant, which will have a total expected installed capacity of 855 MW, of which our share will be 436 MW. By the end of 2010, we expect that the total generating capacity from this facility will become operational.
Foz do Chapecó Project. We own a 51% interest in Foz do Chapecó Energia S.A., a joint venture that plans to construct, finance and operate the Foz do Chapecó hydroelectric plant pursuant to a 35-year concession granted in November 2001. The remaining 49% interest in the joint venture is divided among Chapecoense Geração de Energia S.A., which holds a 40% interest, and CEEE, which holds a 9% interest. The Foz do Chapecó hydroelectric plant will be located on the Uruguay River, on the border between the states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul. The total estimated construction cost of the facility is estimated at R$2,643 million, of which we will be responsible for R$1,348 million. Construction began in December 2006, and we anticipate that the plant will begin operations in 2010 and will add 436 MW to our generation capacity.
The expected capital structure is approximately 30.0% equity and 70.0% debt. Foz do Chapecó obtained R$1,656 million of financing for the Foz do Chapecó project from BNDES. Through 2008, a disbursement has been made in the total amount of R$993 million. We will be the guarantor for CPFL Geraçãos portion in the financing and will guarantee CEEEs portion of the financing for a negotiated fee. The financing is also secured by a pledge of (i) the shares of Foz do Chapecó and (ii) credit rights of Foz do Chapecó related to the concession.
Electricity Commercialization and Services
Commercialization Operations
Our subsidiary CPFL Brasil carries out our electricity commercialization operations. Its key functions are:
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The rates at which CPFL Brasil purchases and sells electricity in the free market are determined in bilateral negotiations with its suppliers and consumers. The contracts with distribution companies are regulated by ANEEL. In addition to marketing electricity to unaffiliated parties, CPFL Brasil resells electricity to CPFL Paulista, CPFL Piratininga and RGE, but profit margins from sales to related parties have been limited to an average of 10% by ANEEL regulations. Prior to the New Industry Model Law, distribution companies were permitted to purchase up to 30% of their electricity requirements from affiliated companies. The ability to sell electricity to affiliated companies has been eliminated under the New Industry Model Law, with the exception of those contracts approved by ANEEL prior to March 2004. However we are allowed to sell electricity to distributors through the open bidding process in the regulated market.
Electricity-Related Services
We offer our consumers a wide range of electricity-related services through CPFL Brasil. These services are designed to help consumers improve the efficiency, cost and reliability of the electric equipment they use. Our main electricity-related services include:
Competition
We face competition from other generation and commercialization companies in the sale of electricity to Free Consumers. Distribution and transmission companies are required to permit the use of their lines and ancillary facilities for the distribution and transmission of electricity by other parties upon payment of a tariff.
Brazilian law provides that all of our concessions can be renewed once with approval from MME or ANEEL as the granting authority, provided that the concessionaire so requests and that certain requirements related to the rendering of public services are met. We intend to apply for the extension of each concession upon its expiration. We may face significant competition from third parties in bidding for renewal of such concessions or for any new concessions. ANEEL has absolute discretion over whether to renew existing concessions, and the acquisition of certain concessions by competing investors could adversely affect our results of operations.
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Our Concessions
We operate under concessions granted by the Brazilian government through ANEEL for our generation and distribution businesses. We have the following concessions with respect to our distribution business:
Concession no. | Concessionaire | State | Term | |||
014/1997 | CPFL Paulista | São Paulo | 30 years from November 1997 | |||
09/2002 | CPFL Piratininga | São Paulo | 30 years from October 1998 | |||
013/1997 | RGE | Rio Grande do Sul | 30 years from November 1997 | |||
021/1999 | CPFL Santa Cruz | São Paulo and Paraná | 16 years from February 1999 to July 2015 | |||
015/1999 | CPFL Jaguari | São Paulo | 16 years from February 1999 to July 2015 | |||
017/1999 | CPFL Mococa | São Paulo and Minas | 16 years from February 1999 to July 2015 | |||
Gerais | ||||||
018/1999 | CPFL Leste Paulista | São Paulo | 16 years from February 1999 to July 2015 | |||
019/1999 | CPFL Sul Paulista | São Paulo | 16 years from February 1999 to July 2015 |
The table below summarizes concessions related to our generation business. In addition, CPFL Sul Centrais is an Independent Producer with a generating capacity of less than 1,000 kW, and therefore it has a regulatory authorization rather than a concession agreement.
Independent | ||||||||||
Concession no. | Producers | Plant | State | Term | Maximum renewal period | |||||
Santa Catarina | ||||||||||
and Rio | 35 years from | |||||||||
128/2001 | Foz do Chapecó | Foz do Chapecó | Grande do Sul | November 2001 | At the discretion of ANEEL | |||||
Rio Grande do | 35 years from May | |||||||||
036/2001 | Barra Grande | Barra Grande | Sul | 2001 | At the discretion of ANEEL | |||||
14 Julho, Castro Alves | Rio Grande do | 35 years from | ||||||||
008/2001 | CERAN | and Monte Claro | Sul | March 2001 | At the discretion of ANEEL | |||||
35 years from May | ||||||||||
043/2000 | Enercan | Campos Novos | Santa Catarina | 2000 | At the discretion of ANEEL | |||||
Luiz Eduardo | 35 years from | |||||||||
005/1997 | Investco | Magalhães | Tocantins | December 1997 | At the discretion of ANEEL | |||||
Concession no. | Concessionaire | Plant | State | Term | Maximum renewal period | |||||
Our 19 small | ||||||||||
hydroelectric power | 30 years from | |||||||||
plants and one | November 1997 | |||||||||
015/1997 | CPFL Geração | thermoelectric facility | São Paulo | 30 years | ||||||
Decree No. | (1) | |||||||||
85,983/81 | CPFL Geração | Serra da Mesa | Goiás | 20 years | ||||||
Macaco Branco (small | 16 years from | |||||||||
hydroelectric power | February 1999 to | |||||||||
09/1999 | CPFL Jaguari | plant | São Paulo | July 2015 | 20 years | |||||
Rio do Peixe I and II | 16 years from | |||||||||
CPFL Leste | (small hydroelectric | February 1999 to | ||||||||
10/1999 | Paulista | power plant | São Paulo | July 2015 | 20 years |
(1) |
The concession for Serra da Mesa is held by Furnas and will expire on May 7, 2011. We have the contractual right to 51.54% of the assured energy of this facility under a 30-year rental agreement, expiring in 2028. On May 5, 2008, Furnas requested
the renewal of the concession for Serra da Mesa plant for an additional term of 20 years. |
Independent Producers
A generation company classified as an independent producer under Brazilian law receives a concession or authorization to produce energy for its own consumption or for sale to local distribution companies, Free Consumers, and other types of consumers. The price to be charged by Independent Producers for the sale of energy to some consumers is subject to general criteria established by ANEEL, whereas the sale price to others can be freely negotiated between the parties.
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Concessionaires
A generation company classified as a concessionaire under Brazilian law receives a concession to distribute, transmit or generate electric energy. Since concessions involve public services, they can only be granted through a public bidding procedure (licitação pública). All tariffs charged by concessionaires are determined by ANEEL and concessionaires are not free to negotiate these rates with consumers.
The concession agreement and related documents establish the concession period and whether the related concession can be extended. For concessions to generate electric energy, the amortization period of the related investments is 35 years, renewable only once for a maximum period of 20 years.
Even though concession agreements and applicable laws generally allow for the extension of the concession period, such extension is not a right. The decision to extend a concession agreement is subject to the discretion of the granting authority, as long as it provides justification and the decision furthers the public interest.
Concessions and Authorizations
Hydroelectric generation projects with a capacity greater than 1,000kW operated by an independent producer can usually only be implemented through concessions granted by ANEEL through public biddings (and the execution of a concession agreement). The possibility of any renewal of such concessions is analyzed by ANEEL on a case-by-case basis, according to the terms of the related agreement and public bidding note. However, ANEEL retains the power to deny the request to extend the concession period.
Certain projects with smaller capacities can be implemented through an authorization awarded by the granting authority (as opposed to the concession). Renewal of an authorization is also at the discretion of ANEEL and is decided on a case-by-case basis, as long as it provides justification for the decision and it furthers the public interest.
Properties
Our principal properties consist of hydroelectric generation plants, substations and distribution networks. The net book value of our total property, plant and equipment as of December 31, 2008 was R$6,614 million. Apart from our distribution network, no single one of our properties produces more than 10% of our total revenues. Our facilities are generally adequate for our present needs and suitable for their intended purposes.
Pursuant to Brazilian law, essential properties and facilities used by us to perform our obligations under our concession agreements cannot be transferred, assigned, pledged or sold to, or encumbered by, any of our creditors without prior approval from ANEEL.
Environmental
The Brazilian constitution gives both the Brazilian Federal and State Governments the power to enact laws designed to protect the environment. A similar power is given to municipalities whose local interests may be affected. Municipal laws are considered a supplement to federal and state laws. A violator of applicable environmental laws may be subject to administrative and criminal sanctions, and will have an obligation to repair and/or provide compensation for environmental damages. Administrative sanctions may include substantial fines and suspension of activities, while criminal sanctions may include fines and, for individuals, possible imprisonment, which can be imposed against executive officers and employees of companies who commit environmental crimes.
Our energy distribution and generation facilities are subject to environmental licensing procedures, which include the preparation of environmental impact assessments before such facilities are constructed. Once the respective environmental licenses are obtained, their maintenance is still subject to the compliance with various specific requirements.
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The environmental issues regarding the construction of our new electricity generation facilities require specially-tailored oversight. For this reason, CPFL Geração manages these matters along with the basic environmental needs of each site in order to ensure that its policies and its environmental obligations are given adequate consideration. Decisions are made by environmental committees, whose members include representatives of each project partner and of each plants environmental management office. In this way, the implementation of environmental projects and the interaction with government agencies are given more importance in the process of environmental compliance and future electricity generation. For example, in securing the operating license for Barra Grande from IBAMA in July 2005, the project managers had a productive dialogue with representatives from the Federal Government allowing for both expanded electricity generation and environmental preservation. In addition, we support local community programs that relocate rural families from collective resettlements and provide institutional support for families involved in the conservation of the local biodiversity.
In order to facilitate compliance with environmental laws, we use an environmental management system that was implemented in all of our segments and follows the standards of ISO 14001. We established a system to identify, evaluate and update with respect to applicable environmental laws, as well as other requirements applicable to our environmental management system. Our generation and distribution of electricity is submitted to internal and external audits, which verify if our activities are in compliance with ISO 14001. The environmental management of our activities is developed taking into consideration our budgets and realistic forecasts, always aiming to achieve better financial, social and environmental results.
The complex environmental licensing process is being reviewed by the Brazilian government with the cooperation of private sector companies, including us, with a view to expediting the procedures for the granting of licenses for the installation and the operation of infrastructure works that are necessary for the social and economic development of Brazil.
THE BRAZILIAN POWER INDUSTRY
General
In 2008, the MME approved a ten-year expansion plan under which Brazils installed power generation capacity is projected to increase to 144.8 GW by 2016, of which 115.0 GW (79.4%) is projected to be hydroelectric, 29.8 GW (20.6%) is projected to be thermoelectric and 8.6 GW (6.6%) is projected to be imported through the Interconnected Power System.
In 2008, Eletrobrás owned 39% of Brazilian generation assets. Through its subsidiaries, Eletrobrás is also responsible for 56% of Brazils installed transmission capacity above 230 kV. In addition, it has participation in some Brazilian state-controlled entities involved in the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity. They include, among others, Companhia Hidroelétrica do São Francisco CHESF and Furnas Centrais Elétricas S.A.
Private companies had 38% and 68% of the market for generation and distribution activities, in terms of total capacity and demand, respectively, and 26% of the transmission market, in terms of revenue.
Principal Regulatory Authorities
Ministry of Mines and Energy MME
The MME is the Brazilian governments primary regulator of the power industry. Following the adoption of the New Industry Model Law, the Brazilian government, acting primarily through the MME, has undertaken certain duties that were previously the responsibility of ANEEL, including the drafting of the guidelines governing the granting of concessions and the issuance of directives governing the bidding process for concessions relating to public services and public assets.
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National Energy Policy Council CNPE
The National Energy Policy Council, Conselho Nacional de Política Energética (CNPE), is a committee created in August 1997 to advise the Brazilian President with respect to the development of the national energy policy. The Brazilian Minister of Mines and Energy is the Chairman of the CNPE, six of its members are ministers of the Brazilian government and three of its members are selected by the Brazilian President. The CNPE was created to optimize the use of Brazils energy resources and to ensure the supply of energy to the country.
ANEEL
ANEEL is an independent federal regulatory agency whose primary responsibility is to regulate and supervise the power industry in accordance with the policies set forth by the MME and to respond to matters which are delegated to it by the Brazilian government and the MME. ANEELs current responsibilities include, among others, (i) administering concessions for electric energy generation, transmission and distribution, including the approval of electricity tariffs, (ii) enacting regulations for the electric energy industry, (iii) implementing and regulating the exploitation of energy sources, including the use of hydroelectric power, (iv) promoting the public bidding process for new concessions, (v) settling administrative disputes among electricity generation entities and electricity purchasers and (vi) defining the criteria and methodology for the determination of the transmission tariffs.
National Electrical System Operator ONS
The ONS is a non-profit organization that coordinates and controls electric utilities engaged in the generation, transmission and distribution of electric energy, in addition to other private participants such as importers, exporters, and Free Consumers. The primary role of the ONS is to oversee the generation and transmission operations in the Interconnected Power System, or SIN, subject to the ANEELs regulation and supervision. The objectives and principal responsibilities of the ONS include: operational planning for the generation industry, organizing the use of the domestic Interconnected Power System and international interconnections, guaranteeing that all parties in the industry have access to the transmission network in a non-discriminatory manner, assisting in the expansion of the electric energy system, proposing plans to the MME for extensions of the Basic Grid, and submitting rules for the operation of the transmission system for ANEELs approval.
Electric Energy Trading Chamber CCEE
The Electric Energy Trading Chamber, Câmara de Comercialização de Energia Elétrica (CCEE), is a non-profit organization subject to authorization, inspection and regulation by ANEEL. The CCEE replaced the Wholesale Energy Market, or MAE.
The CCEE is responsible, among other things, for (i) registering all the energy purchase agreements in the Regulated Market, Contratos de Comercialização de Energia no Ambiente Regulado (CCEAR), and registering the agreements resulting from market adjustments and the volume of electricity contracted in the free market, and (ii) the accounting for and clearing of short-term transactions. The CCEE is comprised of holders of concessions and permissions, authorized entities of the electricity industry, Free and Special Consumers and its board of directors is comprised of four members appointed by these agents and one by the MME, which is the chairman of the board of directors.
Energy Research Company EPE
On August 16, 2004 the Brazilian government created the Energy Research Company, Empresa de Pesquisa Energética (EPE), a state-owned company, which is responsible for conducting strategic research on the energy industry, including with respect to electric energy, oil, gas, coal and renewable energy sources. The research carried out by EPE is used by MME in its policymaking role in the energy industry.
Energy Industry Monitoring Committee CMSE
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The New Industry Model Law created the Energy Industry Monitoring Committee, Comitê de Monitoramento do Setor Elétrico (CMSE), which acts under the direction of the MME. The CMSE is responsible for monitoring the supply conditions of the system and for indicating the steps to be taken to correct existing problems.
Concessions
The Brazilian constitution provides that the development, use and sale of electric energy may be undertaken directly by the Brazilian government or indirectly through the granting of concessions, permissions or authorizations. Historically, the Brazilian electric energy industry has been dominated by generation, transmission and distribution concessionaires controlled by the Federal or State governments.
The companies or consortia that wish to build or operate facilities for generation, transmission or distribution of electricity in Brazil must apply to the MME or to the ANEEL, as representatives of the Brazilian government, for a concession, permission or authorization, as the case may be. Concessions grant rights to generate, transmit or distribute electricity in the relevant concession area for a specified period, as opposed to permissions and authorizations, which may be revoked at any time at the discretion of MME, in consultation with ANEEL. This period is usually 35 years for new generation concessions, and 30 years for new transmission or distribution concessions. An existing concession may be renewed at the granting authoritys discretion.
The Concession Law establishes, among other things, the conditions that the concessionaire must comply with when providing electricity services, the rights of the consumers, and the obligations of the concessionaire and the granting authority. Furthermore, the concessionaire must comply with regulations governing the electricity sector. The main provisions of the Concession Law are summarized below:
Adequate service. The concessionaire must render adequate service equally with respect to regularity, continuity, efficiency, safety and accessibility.
Use of land. The concessionaire may use public land or request the granting authority to expropriate necessary private land for the benefit of the concessionaire. In such case, the concessionaire shall compensate the affected private landowners.
Strict liability. The concessionaire is strictly liable for all damages arising from the provision of its services.
Changes in controlling interest. The granting authority must approve any direct or indirect change in the concessionaires controlling interest.
Intervention by the granting authority. The granting authority may intervene in the concession, by means of a presidential decree, to ensure the adequate performance of services, as well as the full compliance with applicable contractual and regulatory provisions. Within 30 days after the decree date, the granting authoritys representative is required to commence an administrative proceeding in which the concessionaire is entitled to contest the intervention. During the term of the administrative proceeding, a person appointed pursuant to the granting authoritys decree becomes responsible for carrying on the concession. If the administrative proceeding is not completed within 180 days after the decree date, the intervention ceases and the concession is returned to the concessionaire. The concession is also returned to the concessionaire if the granting authoritys representative decides not to terminate the concession and the concession term has not yet expired.
Termination of the concession. The termination of the concession agreement may be accelerated by means of expropriation and/or forfeiture. Expropriation is the early termination of a concession for reasons related to the public interest that must be expressly declared by law. Forfeiture must be declared by the granting authority after ANEEL or MME has made a final administrative ruling that the concessionaire, among other things, (i) has failed to render adequate service or to comply with applicable law or regulation, (ii) no longer has the technical, financial or economic capacity to provide adequate service, or (iii) has not complied with penalties assessed by the granting authority. The concessionaire may contest any expropriation or forfeiture in the courts. The concessionaire is entitled to indemnification for its investments in expropriated assets that have not been fully amortized or depreciated, after deduction of any amounts for fines and damages due by the concessionaire.
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Expiration. When the concession expires, all assets, rights and privileges that are materially related to the rendering of the electricity services revert to the Brazilian government. Following the expiration, the concessionaire is entitled to indemnification for its investments in assets that have not been fully amortized or depreciated as of the expiration.
Penalties. ANEELs regulation governs the imposition of sanctions against the participants in the electricity sector and classifies the appropriate penalties based on the nature and importance of the breach (including warnings, fines and forfeiture). For each breach, the fines can be up to two per cent of the revenue (net of value-added tax and services tax) of the concessionaire in the 12-month period preceding any assessment notice. Some infractions that may result in fines relate to the failure of the agent to request ANEELs approval including the following: (i) execution of contracts between related parties in the cases provided by regulation; (ii) sale or assignment of the assets related to services rendered as well as the imposition of any encumbrance (including any security, bond, guarantee, pledge and mortgage) on them or any other assets related to the concession or the revenues of the electricity services; and (iii) changes in controlling interest of the holder of the authorization or concession. In case of contracts executed between related parties that are submitted for ANEELs approval, ANEEL may seek to impose restrictions on the terms and conditions of these contracts and, in extreme circumstances, determine that the contract be rescinded.
The New Industry Model Law
Since 1995, the Federal Government has taken a number of measures to reform the Brazilian electric energy industry. These culminated, on March 15, 2004, in the enactment of the New Industry Model Law, which further restructured the power industry with the ultimate goal of providing consumers with a secure electricity supply at an adequate tariff. The New Industry Model Law was implemented by Decree No. 5,163, enacted on July 30, 2004.
The New Industry Model Law introduced material changes to the regulation of the power industry, with a view to (i) providing incentives to private and public entities to build and maintain generation capacity and (ii) assuring the supply of electricity within Brazil at adequate tariffs through competitive electricity public bidding processes. The key features of the New Industry Model Law include:
The New Industry Model Law excludes Eletrobrás and its subsidiaries from the National Privatization Program, which is a program originally created by the Brazilian government in 1990 to promote the privatization process of state-owned companies.
Regulations under the New Industry Model Law include, among other items, rules relating to auction procedures, the form of power purchase agreements and the method of passing costs through to Final Consumers. Under these regulations, all electricity-purchasing agents must contract all of their electricity demand under the guidelines of the new model. Electricity-selling agents must provide evidentiary support linking the allotted energy to be sold to existing or planned power generation facilities. Agents that do not comply with such requirements are subject to penalties imposed by ANEEL.
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Beginning in 2005, all electricity generation, distribution and trading companies, independent power producers and Free and Special Consumers are required to notify MME, by August 1 of each year, of their estimated electricity demand or estimated electricity generation, as the case may be, for each of the subsequent five years. Each distribution company will be required to notify MME, within the 60-day period preceding each electricity auction, of the amounts of electricity that it intends to contract in the auction. Based on this information, the MME must establish the total amount of energy to be contracted in the regulated market and the list of generation projects that will be allowed to participate in the auctions. Distribution companies will also be required to specify the portion of the contracted amount they intend to use to supply potentially Free Consumers.
Parallel Environment for the Trading of Electric Energy
Under the New Industry Model Law, electricity purchase and sale transactions are carried out in two different segments: (i) the regulated market, which contemplates the purchase by distribution companies through public auctions of all electricity necessary to supply their consumers and (ii) the free market, which contemplates purchase of electricity by non-regulated entities (such as Free Consumers and energy traders).
Electricity distribution companies fulfill their electricity supply obligations primarily through public auctions. In addition to these auctions, distribution companies will be able to purchase electricity outside the public bidding process from: (i) generation companies that are connected directly to such distribution company, except for hydro generation companies with capacity higher than 30 MW and certain thermo generation companies, (ii) electricity generation projects participating in the initial phase of the Proinfa Program, a program designed to diversify Brazils energy sources, and (iii) the Itaipu power plant. The electricity generated by Itaipu continues to be sold by Eletrobrás to the distribution concessionaires operating in the South/Southeast/Mid west Interconnected Power System, although no specific contract was entered into by such concessionaires. The rates at which the Itaipu-generated electricity is traded are denominated in U.S. dollars and established pursuant to a treaty between Brazil and Paraguay. As a consequence, Itaipu rates rise or fall in accordance with the variation of the U.S. dollar/real exchange rate. Changes in the price of Itaipu-generated electricity are, however, subject to the Parcel A cost recovery mechanism discussed below under Distribution Tariffs.
The Regulated Market
In the regulated market, distribution companies purchase their expected electricity requirements for their captive consumers from generators through public auctions. The auctions are administered by ANEEL, either directly or indirectly through the CCEE.
Electricity purchases are made through two types of bilateral agreements: Energy Agreements (Contratos de Quantidade de Energia) and Capacity Agreements (Contratos de Disponibilidade de Energia). Under an Energy Agreement, a generator commits to supply a certain amount of electricity and assumes the risk that its electricity supply could be adversely affected by hydrological conditions and low reservoir levels, among other conditions, which could interrupt the supply of electricity. In such case, the generator would be required to purchase the electricity elsewhere in order to comply with its supply commitments. Under a Capacity Agreement, a generator commits to make a certain amount of capacity available to the regulated market. In such case, the generators revenue is guaranteed and the distributors must bear the risk of a supply shortage. Together, these agreements comprise the energy purchase agreements in the Regulated Market, Contratos de Comercialização de Energia no Ambiente Regulado - CCEAR.
According to the New Industry Model Law, electricity distribution entities will be entitled to pass through to their respective consumers all costs related to electricity they purchased through public auction as well as any taxes and industry charges.
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With respect to the granting of new concessions, the newly enacted regulations require bids for new hydroelectric generation facilities to include, among other things, the minimum percentage of electricity to be supplied to the regulated market.
The Free Market
The free market covers transactions between generation concessionaires, Independent Power Producers (IPPs), self-generators, energy traders, importers of electric energy, Free Consumers and Special Consumers, as defined below. IPPs are generation entities that sell the totality or part of their electricity to Free Consumers, distribution concessionaires and trading agents, among others. The free market will also include existing bilateral contracts between generators and distributors until they expire. Upon expiration, such contracts must be executed under the New Industry Model Law guidelines.
A consumer that is eligible to choose its supplier (potentially Free Consumer) may only be able to rescind its contract with the local distributor and become a Free Consumer by notifying such distributor at least 15 days before the date such distributor is required to state its estimated electricity needs for the next auction. Further, such consumer may only begin acquiring electricity from another supplier in the year following the one in which the local distributor was notified. Once a potentially Free Consumer has opted for the free market, it may only return to the regulated system once it has given the distributor of its region a five-year notice, provided that the distributor may reduce such term at its discretion. Such an extended period of notice seeks to assure that, if necessary, the distributor could buy the additional energy in the regulated market without imposing extra costs to the captive market.
In addition to Free Consumers, certain consumers with capacity equal to or greater than 500 kW may choose to purchase energy in the free market, subject to certain terms and conditions. These consumers are called Special Consumers. Special Consumers may only purchase energy from (i) small hydroelectric power plants with capacity between 1,000 kW and 30,000 kW, (ii) generators with capacity limited to 1,000 kW, and (iii) alternative energy generators (solar, wind and biomass enterprises) with capacity injected in the system not greater than 30,000 kW. A Special Consumer may terminate its contract with the local distributor with 180 days prior notice for contracts with indefinite terms. For contracts with a definite term, the consumer must fulfill the contract or for long-term contracts, the consumer may terminate its contract with 36 months notice. The Special Consumer may return to the regulated system upon 180 days prior notice to the distributor of its region.
State-owned generators may sell electricity to Free Consumers; however, as opposed to private generators, they are obligated to do so through an auction process.
Auctions on the Regulated Market
Electricity auctions for new generation projects in process are held (i) five years before the initial delivery date (referred to as A-5 auctions) and (ii) three years before the initial delivery date (referred to as A-3 auctions). Electricity auctions from existing power generation facilities take place (i) one year before the initial delivery date (referred to as A-1 auctions) and (ii) approximately four months before the delivery date (referred to as market adjustments). The invitations to bid in the auctions are prepared by ANEEL, in compliance with guidelines established by the MME, including the requirement to use the lowest bid as the criterion to determine the winner of the auction.
Each generation company that participates in an auction executes a contract for purchase and sale of electricity with each distribution company, in proportion to the distribution companies respective estimated demand for electricity. The only exception to these rules relates to the market adjustment auction, where the contracts are between specific selling and distribution companies. The CCEAR of both A-5 and A-3 auctions have a term of between 15 and 30 years, and the CCEAR of A-1 auctions have a term between five and 15 years. Contracts arising from market adjustment auctions are limited to a two-year term. The total amount of energy contracted in such market adjustment auctions may not exceed 1% of the total amount of energy contracted by each distributor, except for the auctions held in 2008 and 2009, for which the total amount of contracted energy may not exceed 5%.
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With respect to the CCEAR related to electricity generated by existing generation facilities, there are three alternatives for the permanent reduction of contracted electricity: (i) compensation for the exit of potentially Free Consumers from the regulated market, (ii) reduction, at the distribution companies discretion, of up to 4% per year of the annual contracted amount due to market deviations from the estimated market projections, beginning two years after the initial electricity demand was declared and (iii) adjustments to the amount of electricity established in the energy acquisition contracts entered into before March 17, 2004.
Since 2005, CCEE has conducted seven auctions for new generation projects, seven auctions for existing power generation facilities, one auction for alternate generation projects and one auction for generation ventures that use biomass as a source, which is classified as reserve energy. No later than August 1st of each year, the generators and distributors provide their estimated electricity generation or estimated electricity demand for the 5 subsequent years. Based on this information, MME establishes the total amount of electricity to be traded in the auction and sets the generation companies that would participate in the auction. The auction is carried out in two phases via an electronic system. As a general rule, the contracts to be executed in the context of the auction have the following terms (i) from 15 to 30 years as of the supply start-up in case of new generation projects, (ii) from 5 to 15 years as of the auctions subsequent year in case of existing power generation facilities and (iii) from 10 to 30 years as of the supply start-up in case of alternate generation projects.
After the completion of the auction, generators and distributors execute the CCEAR, in which the parties establish the price and amount of the energy contracted in the auction. The CCEAR sets forth that the price will be annually adjusted upon the variation of the IPCA (Índice Nacional de Preços ao Consumidor Amplo, calculated and published by Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística IBGE). The distributors grant financial guaranties to the generators (mainly receivables from the distribution service) to secure their payment obligations under the CCEAR.
The Annual Reference Value
The regulation also establishes a mechanism, the Annual Reference Value, which limits the amounts of costs that can be passed through to Final Consumers. The Annual Reference Value corresponds to the weighted average of electricity prices in the A-5 and A-3 auctions, calculated for all distribution companies.
The Annual Reference Value creates an incentive for distribution companies to contract for their expected electricity demands at the lowest price in the A-5 auctions and the A-3 auctions. Distributors that buy electricity at a price lower than the Annual Reference Value in these auctions are allowed to pass through the full amount of the Annual Reference Value to consumers for three years. The Annual Reference Value is also applied in the first three years of the power purchase agreements from new power generation projects. After the fourth year, the electricity acquisition costs from these projects are allowed to be fully passed through. The regulation establishes the following limitations on the ability of distribution companies to pass through costs to consumers: (i) No pass-through of costs for electricity purchases that exceed 103% of actual demand; (ii) Limited pass-through of costs for electricity purchases made in an A-3 auction, if the volume of the acquired electricity exceeds 2% of the demand for electricity purchased in the A-5 auctions; (iii) Limited pass-through of electricity acquisition costs from new electricity generation projects if the volume contracted under the new contracts related to existing generation facilities is lower than 96% of the volume of electricity provided for in the expiring contract; and (iv) Full pass-through of costs for electricity purchases from existing facilities in the A-1 auction is limited to 1% the charge verified in the year prior to the distributors notification of estimated electricity demand to MME. If the acquired electricity in the A-1 auction exceeds the 1% charge, pass-through of costs related to the exceeding charge amount to Final Consumers is limited to 70% of the average value of such acquisition costs of electricity generated by existing generation facilities for delivery commencing in 2007 and ending in 2009. The MME establishes the maximum acquisition price for electricity generated by existing projects that take part in the auctions for sale of electricity to distributors; and, if distributors do not comply with the obligation to fully contract their demand, the pass-through of the costs from energy acquired in the short-term market will be the lower of the spot price, Preço de Liquidação de Diferenças (PLD) and the Annual Reference Value.
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Electric Energy Trading Convention
ANEEL Resolutions No. 109, of 2004 and No. 210, of 2006, govern the Electric Energy Trading Convention (Convenção de Comercialização de Energia Elétrica). This convention regulates the organization and administration of the CCEE as well as the conditions for trading electric energy. It also defines, among other things, (i) the rights and obligations of CCEE participants, (ii) the penalties to be imposed on defaulting participants, (iii) the structure for dispute resolution, (iv) the trading rules in both regulated and free markets and (v) the accounting and clearing process for short-term transactions.
Restricted Activities of Distributors
Distributors in the Interconnected Power System are not permitted to (i) conduct businesses related to the generation or transmission of electric energy, (ii) sell electric energy to Free Consumers, except for those in their concession area and under the same conditions and tariffs maintained with respect to captive consumers, (iii) hold, directly or indirectly, any interest in any other company, corporation or partnership or (iv) conduct businesses that are unrelated to their respective concessions, except for those permitted by law or in the relevant concession agreement. Generators will not be allowed to hold equity interests in excess of 10% in distributors.
Elimination of Self-Dealing
Since the purchase of electricity for captive consumers is now performed through the regulated market, self-dealing (under which distributors were permitted to meet up to 30% of their electric energy needs through energy that was either self-produced or acquired from affiliated companies) is no longer permitted, except in the context of agreements that were approved by ANEEL before the enactment of the New Industry Model Law.
Challenges to the Constitutionality of the New Industry Model Law
Political parties are currently challenging the New Industry Model Law on constitutional grounds before the Brazilian Supreme Court. In October 2007, a decision of the Brazilian Supreme Court on injunctions presented on the matter was published, denying the injunctions by majority of votes. To date, the Brazilian Supreme Court has not reached a final decision, and we do not know when such a decision may be reached. While the Brazilian Supreme Court is reviewing the New Industry Model Law, its provisions are in effect. Regardless of the Supreme Courts final decision, certain portions of the New Industry Model Law relating to restrictions on distributors engaging in businesses unrelated to the distribution of electricity, including sales of energy by distributors to Free Consumers and the elimination of self-dealing are expected to remain in full force and effect.
If all or a relevant portion of the New Industry Model Law is deemed unconstitutional by the Brazilian Supreme Court, the regulatory scheme introduced by the New Industry Model Law may will cease to be in effect, which will create uncertainty as to how and when the Brazilian government will be able to reform the electric energy sector.
Ownership Limitations
ANEEL had established limits on the concentration of certain services and activities within the electric energy industry, which it recently eliminated. The draft of a new regulation from ANEEL addressing new limitations was released for public consideration.
Tariffs for the Use of the Distribution and Transmission Systems
ANEEL oversees tariff regulations that govern access to the distribution and transmission systems and establish tariffs for these systems. The tariffs are (i) network usage charges, which are charges for the use of the proprietary local grid of distribution companies (TUSD) and (ii) tariffs for the use of the transmission system, which is the Basic Grid and its ancillary facilities (TUST).
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TUSD
The TUSD is paid by generators and Free and Special Consumers for the use of the distribution system of the distribution concessionaire to which the relevant generator or Free or Special Consumer is connected. The amount to be paid by the agent connected to the distribution system is calculated by multiplying the amount of electricity contracted with the distribution concessionaire for each connection point, in kW, by the tariff in R$/kW which is set by ANEEL. The TUSD has two components: (i) the remuneration of the concessionaire for the use of the proprietary local grid, known as TUSD Service, which varies in accordance with each consumers energy peak load, and (ii) the regulatory charges applicable to the use of the local grid, known as TUSD Charges, which are set by regulatory authorities and linked to the quantity of energy consumed by each consumer.
TUST
The TUST is paid by distribution companies, generators and Free and Special Consumers for the use of the Basic Grid and is revised annually according to (i) an inflation index and (ii) the annual revenue of the transmission companies, as determined by ANEEL. According to criteria established by ANEEL, owners of the different parts of the transmission grid were required to transfer the coordination of their facilities to the ONS in return for receiving regulated payments from the transmission system users. Network users, including generation companies, distribution companies and free and special Consumers, have signed contracts with the ONS entitling them to the use of the transmission grid in return for the payment of certain tariffs. Other parts of the grid that are owned by transmission companies but which are not considered part of the Basic Grid are made directly available to the interested users for a specified fee.
Distribution Tariffs
Distribution tariff rates (including the TUSD) are subject to review by ANEEL, which has the authority to adjust and review these tariffs in response to changes in energy purchase costs and market conditions. When adjusting distribution tariffs, ANEEL divides the costs of distribution companies between (i) costs that are beyond the control of the distributor, or Parcel A costs, and (ii) costs that are under control of distributors, or Parcel B costs. The readjustment of tariffs is based on a formula that takes into account the division of costs between the two categories.
Parcel A costs include, among others, the following factors:
Parcel B costs are determined by subtracting all of the Parcel A costs from the distribution companys revenues, excluding ICMS and PIS/COFINS, a state and federal tax levied on sales.
Each distribution companys concession agreement provides for an annual readjustment (reajuste anual). In general, Parcel A costs are fully passed through to consumers. Parcel B costs, however, are mostly restated for inflation in accordance with the IGP-M index.
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Electricity distribution concessionaires are also entitled to periodic revisions of their tariffs every four or five years. These revisions are aimed at (i) assuring necessary revenues to cover efficient Parcel B operational costs and adequate compensation for investments deemed essential for the services within the scope of each such companys concession and (ii) determining the X factor, which is based on three components: (a) expected gains of productivity from increase in scale, (b) labor costs, and (c) investments. The X factor calculated in the tariff review will be recalculated in the next tariff cycle by changing only the sum of investments carried out, that is, the investments made in permanent service assets. If the investments sum is smaller in the next tariff cycle, the recalculated X factor will be compared against the previous and the difference between them shall be multiplied in a way that reflects the cost of the resources allocated to the tariff and not used by the concessionaire. The X factor is used to adjust the proportion of the change in the IGP-M index that is used in the annual adjustments. Accordingly, upon the completion of each periodic revision, application of the X factor requires distribution companies to share their productivity gains with Final Consumers.
In addition, electricity distribution concessionaires are entitled to an extraordinary tariff review (revisão extraordinária) on a case-by-case basis, to ensure their financial stability and compensate them for unpredictable costs, including taxes, that significantly change their cost structure.
With the introduction of the New Industry Model Law, the MME has acknowledged that the variable costs associated with the purchase of electric energy may be included by means of the Parcel A Account or CVA, an account created to recognize some of our costs when ANEEL adjusts the tariffs of our distribution subsidiaries. See Item 5Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsOverviewRecoverable Costs VariationsParcel A Costs.
In October 2006, ANEEL established the methodology and procedures applicable to the periodic revisions for 2007 through 2010 for distribution concessionaires, based on the practices developed during a previous round of the periodic tariff reviews. Currently, new regulation from ANEEL aiming at improving the revision process is under public consideration.
Government Incentives to the Energy Sector
In 2000, a Federal decree created the Thermoelectric Priority Program, Programa Prioritário de Termeletricidade (PPT) for purposes of diversifying the Brazilian energy matrix and decreasing its strong dependency on hydroelectric plants. The incentives granted to the thermoelectric plants included in the PPT are: (i) guaranty of gas supply for twenty years, according to regulation from the MME, (ii) assurance of the costs related to the acquisition of the electric energy produced by thermoelectric plants will be transferred to tariffs up to the normative value established by ANEEL and (iii) guaranty of access to a BNDES special financing program for the electric energy industry.
In 2002, the Federal Government established the Proinfa Program. Under the Proinfa Program, Eletrobrás purchases the energy generated by alternative energy sources for a period of up to twenty years, and this energy is to be acquired by distribution companies for delivery to Final Consumers. In its initial phase, the Proinfa Program is limited to a total contracted capacity of 3,300 MW. The objective of this initiative is to reach a contracted capacity of up to 10% of the total annual consumption of electricity in Brazil within up to 20 years. The energy production for the commercialization in the Program will not be made by generation concessionaires, like us, nor by IPPs. On the other hand, such production may only be made by an autonomous independent producer, which may not be controlled by or affiliated with a generation concessionaire or an IPP, or affiliated with their controlling entities.
In order to create incentives for alternative generators, the Federal Government established a reduction not inferior than 50% in the TUSD amount owed by (i) small hydroelectric power plants with capacity between 1,000 kW and 30,000 kW, (ii) generators with capacity equal to 1,000 kW and (iii) alternative energy generators (solar, eolic and biomass generators) with capacity equal to 30,000 kW. The reduction is applicable to the TUSD due by the generation source and also by its consumer. The amount of the TUSD reduction will be include like financial components in the tariff readjustment or tariff revision.
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Regulatory Charges
EER
The Encargo de Energia de Reserva (EER) is a regulatory charge assessed on a monthly basis designed to raise funds for energy reserves contracted by CCEE. These energy reserves will be used to increase the safety of the energy supply in the Interconnected Power System. The EER was collected from Final Consumers of the Interconnected Power System in March 2009.
RGR Fund and UBP
In certain circumstances, electric energy companies are compensated for certain assets used in connection with a concession if the concession is revoked or is not renewed. In 1971, the Brazilian congress created a reserve fund designed to provide funds for such compensation (RGR Fund). In February 1999, ANEEL revised the assessment of a fee requiring public-industry electric companies to make monthly contributions to the RGR Fund at an annual rate equal to 2.5% of the companys fixed assets in service, not to exceed 3% of total operating revenues in any year. In recent years, no concessions have been revoked or have failed to be renewed, and the RGR has been used principally to finance generation and distribution projects. The RGR is scheduled to be phased out by 2010 and ANEEL shall revise the applicable tariffs so such that the consumer will receive some benefit from the termination of the RGR.
The Federal Government has imposed a fee on IPPs similar to the fee levied on public-industry generation companies in connection with the RGR. IPPs are required to make contributions for using a public asset, Uso de Bem Público (UBP) according to the rules of the corresponding public bidding process for the granting of concessions. Eletrobrás received the UBP payments until December 31, 2002. All payments related to the UBP since December 31, 2002 are paid directly to the Federal Government.
CCC Account
Distribution companies (and also some transmission companies responsible for Free Consumers) must contribute to the Conta de Consumo de Combustível (CCC Account). The CCC Account was created in 1973 to generate financial reserves to cover fossil fuel costs in thermoelectric power plants in the event of a rainfall shortage which would require increased use of thermal plants. The CCC currently subsidizes the distribution systems in isolated areas where the distribution costs are higher than in the Interconnected Power System. The annual CCC Account contributions are calculated on the basis of estimates of the cost of fuel needed by the thermoelectric power plants in the succeeding year. The CCC Account is administered by Eletrobrás. The CCC Account, in turn, reimburses electric companies for a substantial portion of the fuel costs of their thermoelectric power plants.
In February 1998, the Federal Government provided for the phasing out of the CCC Account. During the 2003-2006 period, subsidies from the CCC Account were phased out for thermal power plants constructed prior to February 1998 and belonging to the Interconnected Power System. Thermal power plants constructed after that date were not entitled to subsidies from the CCC Account. In April 2002, the Federal Government established that subsidies from the CCC Account would continue to be paid, for a period of 20 years, to those thermoelectric plants located in isolated systems.
CDE Account
In 2002, the Federal Government instituted the Electric Energy Development Account, Conta de Desenvolvimento Energético (CDE Account), which is funded through annual payments made by concessionaires for the use of public assets, penalties and fines imposed by ANEEL and the annual fees paid by agents offering electric energy to Final Consumers, by means of a charge to be added to the tariffs for the use of the transmission and distribution transmission systems. These fees are adjusted annually. The CDE Account was created to support (i) the development of energy production throughout Brazil, (ii) the production of energy by alternative energy sources and (iii) the universalization of electric energy services throughout Brazil. The CDE Account will be in effect for twenty-five years and shall be regulated by the executive branch and managed by Eletrobrás.
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ESS
Resolution no. 173 of November 28, 2005 established a provision for the System Service Charge, Encargo de Serviço do Sistema (ESS), which since January 2006 has been included in price and fee readjustments for distribution concessionaires that are part of the National Interconnected Grid, Sistema Interligado Nacional. This charge is based on the annual estimates made by ONS on October 31 of each year.
Fee for the Use of Water Resources
The New Industry Model Law requires that holders of a concession and authorization to use water resources must pay a fee of 6.75% of the value of the energy they generate by using such facilities. This charge must be paid to the federal district, states and municipalities where the plant or the plants reservoir is located.
ANEEL Inspection Fee (TFSEE)
The ANEEL Inspection Fee is an annual fee due by the holders of concessions, permissions or authorizations in the proportion of their dimension and activities. Currently, the ANEEL Inspection Fee is deducted from the RGR Fund.
Default on the Payment of Regulatory Charges
The New Industry Model Law provides that the failure to pay required contributions to the RGR Fund, Proinfa Program, CDE Account, CCC Account, or certain other payments, such as those due from the purchase of electric energy in the regulated market or from Itaipu will prevent the defaulting party from proceeding with readjustments or reviews of their tariffs (except for extraordinary reviews) and will also prevent the defaulting party from receiving funds from the RGR Fund, CDE Account or CCC Account.
Energy Reallocation Mechanism
Centrally dispatched hydrogenerators are protected against certain hydrological risks by the MRE which attempts to mitigate the risks involved in the generation of hydrological energy by mandating that hydrogenerators share the hydrological risks of the Interconnected Power System. Under Brazilian law, each hydroelectric plant is assigned an assured energy, which is determined in each relevant concession agreement, irrespective of the volume of electricity generated by the facility. The MRE transfers surplus electricity from those generators that have produced electricity in excess of their assured energy to those generators that have produced less than their assured energy. The effective generation dispatch is determined by ONS, which takes into account nationwide electricity demand and hydrological conditions. The volume of electricity actually generated by the plant, either less or in excess to the assured energy, is priced pursuant to a tariff denominated Energy Optimization Tariff which covers the operation and maintenance costs of the plant. This revenue or additional expense will be accounted monthly by each generator.
ITEM 4A. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included elsewhere in this annual report. Our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Brazilian Accounting Principles, which differ in certain respects from U.S. GAAP. Note 34 to our audited consolidated financial statements provides a description of the principal differences between Brazilian Accounting Principles and U.S. GAAP, as they relate to us, and a reconciliation to U.S. GAAP of net income and shareholders equity. See Presentation of Financial Information.
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Brazilian Accounting Principles have been undergoing rapid change pursuant to legislation adopted late in 2007. Changes that took effect in 2008 have been given effect in our audited consolidated financial statements, and in the selected financial data presented below, as of and for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007. The principal effects of these changes on our financial statements are as follows: (i) we record certain financial instruments (including derivates and certain debt linked to derivatives) at fair value and recognize fair-value gain and loss in the statement of operations, (ii) we reclassified certain investments and fixed assets as intangible assets on the balance sheet, (iii) we reclassified our permanents assets as non-current assets on the balance sheet, and (iv) we reclassified certain items as operating expenses in the income statement that were previously recorded as non-operating income (expense). As from 2010, Brazilian companies must prepare their respective financial statements in accordance with IFRS, as set forth by Brazilian authorities.
Rapid changes in Brazilian Accounting Principles are continuing, as Brazilian accounting standard-setters move toward convergence with IFRS. Many new accounting standards have been adopted and are currently being implemented. Others are expected in the near future. We cannot yet predict the effects on our financial statements that will result when these changes take effect. Two aspects of IFRS that could have a material impact on us concern the recognition of regulatory assets and accounting for our concessions. See Item 3. Risk Factors Risks Relating to Our Operations and the Brazilian Power Industry.
Overview
We are a holding company and, through subsidiaries, we (i) distribute electricity to consumers in our concession areas, (ii) generate electricity and develop generation projects and (iii) engage in electricity commercialization and the provision of electricity-related services. The most important drivers of our financial performance are the operating income margin and cash flows from our regulated distribution business. In recent years, this business has produced reasonably stable margins, and its cash flows, while sometimes subject to short-term variability, have been stable over the medium term.
We have eight distribution subsidiaries, all of which are fully consolidated. Prior to June 2006, we owned 67.07% of RGE and accounted for it using proportionate consolidation. We acquired CPFL Santa Cruz in December 2006, and it was included in our income statement beginning in January 2007. We acquired CPFL Jaguariúna and its subsidiaries in June 2007, and they were included in our income statement beginning in July 2007.
We account for four of our generation subsidiaries (CERAN, BAESA, ENERCAN and Foz do Chapecó) using proportionate consolidation. These entities own a total of six generation facilities, two of which, Castro Alves and the first generation unit of 14 de Julho (both part of CERAN), became fully operational in June 2008 and December 2008, respectively. The second generation unit of 14 de Julho became operational in March 12, 2009 and Foz do Chapecó is expected to become operational in 2010.
We have three broad initiatives to improve our financial performancethe expansion of our generating capacity, the acquisition of additional distributors and the development of our commercialization and electricity-related services business. We have a portfolio of new hydroelectric generation projects, which are becoming operational. Of this new generation capacity, taking into account our share of jointly-owned projects, approximately 429 MW became operational in 2007, approximately 117 MW became operational in 2008, and approximately 32.5 MW are expected to become operational by the end of 2009. We expect a further 465 MW of new generation capacity to become operational by the end of 2010. We plan to use most of the additional electricity generated by these projects to supply our distribution business, and we expect that this degree of integration will improve our consolidated profit margin and our cash flows.
There are factors beyond our control that can have a significant impact, positive or adverse, on our financial performance. We face periodic changes in our rate structure, resulting from the periodic revision of our rates. The current cycle of periodic revisions, which took effect during 2007 and 2008 at each of our distribution companies, resulted in the reduction of our average rates, which was the main factor leading to an 18.0% decrease in our operating income. We do not expect the reduced rates to adversely affect our revenues, operating income and net income in 2009 due to increases in our tariffs rates through the 2009 annual adjustment.
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The continued credit crisis and related turmoil in the global financial system may also have an impact on our business and our financial condition. The effect of this crisis on our consumers and on us cannot be predicted but could lead to reduced demand or lower prices for energy, or both, which could have a negative effect on our revenues. Our ability to access the capital markets may also be restricted, which could have an impact on our flexibility to react to changing economic and business conditions.
Background
Regulated Distribution Tariffs
Our results of operations are significantly affected by changes in regulated tariffs for electricity. In particular, most of our revenues are derived from sales of electricity to captive Final Consumers at regulated tariffs. In 2008, sales to captive consumers represented 72.6% of the volume of electricity we delivered and 82.3% of our operating revenues, compared to 71.1% and 85.8%, respectively, in 2007. These proportions may decline if consumers migrate from captive to free status.
Our operating revenues and our margins depend substantially on the tariff-setting process, and our management focuses on maintaining a constructive relationship with ANEEL, the Brazilian government and other market participants so that the tariff-setting process fairly reflects our interests and those of our consumers and shareholders. For a description of tariff regulations, see Item 4. Information on the CompanyThe Brazilian Power IndustryDistribution Tariffs and Item 4. Information on the CompanyConsumers, Analysis of Demand and Tariffs.
Tariffs are determined separately for each of our eight distribution subsidiaries as follows:
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Annual Adjustment
Tariff increases apply differently to different consumer classes, with generally higher increases for consumers using higher voltages, to reduce the effects of historical cross-subsidies in their favor that were mostly eliminated in 2007. The following table sets forth the average percentage increase in our tariffs resulting from each annual adjustment from 2006 through the date of this annual report. Rates of tariff increase should be evaluated in light of the rate of Brazilian inflation. See BackgroundBrazilian Economic Conditions.
CPFL Paulista(3) |
CPFL Piratininga(3) |
RGE | CPFL Santa Cruz |
CPFL Mococa |
CPFL Leste Paulista |
CPFL Sul Paulista |
CPFL Jaguari |
|||||||||
(%) | ||||||||||||||||
2006 | ||||||||||||||||
Economic | ||||||||||||||||
adjustment(1) | 7.12 | 4.40 | 5.06 | 3.74 | 5.56 | 2.90 | 1.51 | 1.49 | ||||||||
Regulatory | ||||||||||||||||
adjustment(2) | 3.70 | 6.39 | 5.13 | 3.29 | (0.04) | 4.72 | 4.58 | 4.19 | ||||||||
Total adjustment | 10.83 | 10.79 | 10.19 | 7.03 | 5.52 | 7.62 | 6.09 | 5.68 | ||||||||
2007 | ||||||||||||||||
Economic | ||||||||||||||||
adjustment(1) | 2.60 | (4) | 3.77 | 4.56 | 6.70 | 3.52 | 1.64 | (0.38) | ||||||||
Regulatory | ||||||||||||||||
adjustment(2) | 4.46 | (4) | 2.28 | 1.15 | 2.91 | (0.21) | 3.88 | 2.04 | ||||||||
Total adjustment | 7.06 | (4) | 6.05 | 5.71 | 9.61 | 3.31 | 5.52 | 1.66 | ||||||||
2008 | ||||||||||||||||
Economic | ||||||||||||||||
adjustment(1) | (4) | 10.92 | (4) | (4) | (4) | (4) | (4) | (4) | ||||||||
Regulatory | ||||||||||||||||
adjustment(2) | (4) | 5.62 | (4) | (4) | (4) | (4) | (4) | (4) | ||||||||
Total adjustment | (4) | 16.54 | (4) | (4) | (4) | (4) | (4) | (4) | ||||||||
2009(5) | ||||||||||||||||
Economic | ||||||||||||||||
adjustment(1) | 13.58 | (5) | 10.44 | 10.69 | 10.52 | 10.58 | 11.80 | 11.01 | ||||||||
Regulatory | ||||||||||||||||
adjustment(2) | 7.64 | (5) | 8.51 | 13.40 | 0.66 | 2.36 | (0.16) | 0.35 | ||||||||
Total adjustment | 21.22 | (5) | 18.95 | 24.09 | 11.18 | 12.94 | 11.64 | 11.36 |
(1) | This portion of the adjustment primarily reflects the inflation rate for the period and is used as a basis for the following years adjustment. |
(2) | This portion of the adjustment reflects settlement of regulatory assets and liabilities we record on an accrual basis, primarily the CVA, and is not considered in the calculation of the following years adjustment. |
(3) | These figures reflect the adjustments actually applied to our tariffs. In 2007, CPFL Paulista and CPFL Piratininga obtained ANEELs final approval for the periodic revision of 2003. Until that time, ANEEL modified the 2005 and 2006 adjustments several times. |
(4) | The periodic revision occurred in October 2007 for CPFL Piratininga; February 2008 for CPFL Santa Cruz, CPFL Mococa, CPFL Leste Paulista, CPFL Sul Paulista and CPFL Jaguari; and April 2008 for CPFL Paulista and RGE. The figures for CPFL Piratininga are still preliminary. Only CPFL Piratininga was subject to an annual adjustment in 2008. Our other distribution companies were not subject to an annual adjustment because they were instead subject to a periodic revision in 2008. |
(5) | The annual adjustment of CPFL Piratininga is scheduled for October 2009. |
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Periodic Revisions
The following table sets forth the percentage change in our tariffs resulting from the first and second cycles of periodic revisions. See Note 3(b.1) and Note 33.1 to our audited consolidated financial statements for related tariff adjustments.
First cycle | Second cycle | |||||||||||
Adjustment date | Total adjustment | Adjustment date | Economic adjustment | Regulatory adjustment | Total adjustment | |||||||
(%) | (%) | |||||||||||
CPFL Paulista | April 2003 | 20.66 | April 2008 | (14.07) | 0.07 | (14.00) | ||||||
CPFL Piratininga(1) | October 2003 | 10.14 | October 2007 | (11.76) | 0.83 | (10.93) | ||||||
RGE | April 2003 | 27.96 | April 2008 | (8.11) | 10.45 | 2.34 | ||||||
CPFL Santa Cruz | February 2004 | 17.14 | February 2008 | (17.05) | 2.64 | (14.41) | ||||||
CPFL Mococa | February 2004 | 21.73 | February 2008 | (10.41) | 2.81 | (7.60) | ||||||
CPFL Leste Paulista | February 2004 | 20.10 | February 2008 | (3.22) | 1.04 | (2.18) | ||||||
CPFL Sul Paulista | February 2004 | 12.29 | February 2008 | (4.73) | (0.60) | (5.33) | ||||||
CPFL Jaguari | February 2004 | (6.17) | February 2008 | (3.79) | (1.38) | (5.17) |
(1) | Preliminary numbers established by ANEEL for the second cycle of periodic revision. |
Sales to Potentially Free Consumers
The Brazilian government has introduced regulatory changes intended to foster the growth of open-market energy transactions by permitting qualifying consumers to opt out of the system of tariff regulation and become free consumers entitled to contract freely for electricity. See The Brazilian Power IndustryThe Free Market. To date, as compared to the total number of our captive consumers, the number of potentially Free Consumers is relatively small, but they account for a significant amount of our electricity sales and revenues. In 2008, approximately 25.1% of our electricity sales were to supply potentially Free Consumers. Most of our potentially Free Consumers have not elected to become Free Consumers. We believe this is because (i) they consider the advantages of negotiating for a long-term contract at rates lower than the regulated tariff are outweighed by the need to bear additional costs (particularly transmission costs) and the long-term price risk and (ii) some of our potentially Free Consumers, who entered into contracts before July 1995, are limited to changing to suppliers that purchase from renewable energy sources, such as small hydroelectric power plants or biomass. Even if a consumer decides to migrate from the regulated tariff system and become a Free Consumer, it would still have to pay us network usage charges, and such payments would mitigate the loss in operating income from any such migration. We do not expect to see a substantial number of our consumers become Free Consumers, but the prospects for migration between the different markets (captive and free) over the long term, and its implications for our financial results, are difficult to predict.
Prices for Purchased Electricity
We purchase the majority of our electricity from large Brazilian generation companies under long-term contracts whose prices are regulated by ANEEL. The prices of electricity purchased by our distribution companies under contracts executed in the regulated market are regulated by ANEEL, while the prices of electricity purchased in the free market are based on prevailing market rates, according to bilateral settlement. In 2008, we purchased 49,331 GWh, compared to 48,162 GWh in 2007. The prices under the long-term contracts are adjusted annually to reflect increases in certain generation costs and inflation. Most of our contracts have adjustments linked to the annual adjustment in distribution tariffs, so that the increased costs are passed through to our consumers in increased tariffs. As an increasing proportion of our energy is purchased at the public auctions, the success of our strategies in these auctions affects our margins and our exposure to price and market risk, since our ability to pass through costs of electricity purchases will be linked to the successful projection of our expected demand.
We also purchase a substantial amount of electricity from Itaipu under take-or-pay obligations at prices that are governed by regulations adopted under an international agreement. Electric utilities operating under concessions in the Midwest, South and Southeast regions of Brazil are required by law to purchase a portion of Brazils share of Itaipus available capacity. In 2008, we purchased 11,085 GWh of electricity from Itaipu (22.5% of the electricity we purchased), as compared to 10,990 GWh of electricity from Itaipu (22.8% of the electricity we purchased) in 2007. See Item 4. Information of the CompanyPurchases of ElectricityItaipu. The price of electricity from Itaipu is set in U.S. dollars to reflect the costs of servicing its indebtedness. Accordingly, the price of electricity purchased from Itaipu increases in real terms when the real depreciates against the U.S. dollar. The change in our costs for Itaipu electricity in any year is subject to the Parcel A cost recovery mechanism described below.
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Through our generation subsidiaries, approximately 465 MW of new capacity is scheduled to become operational through 2010, primarily from the commencement of operations of 14 de Julhos second generation unit and Foz do Chapecó, which will provide additional assured energy of 1,987 GWh per year. Our distribution subsidiaries have entered into long-term contracts to purchase all of this electricity. We expect our margins to be higher to the extent our distribution companies resell electricity generated by our generation subsidiaries, because we will benefit from the generators margin.
Most of the electricity we acquired in the free market was purchased by our commercialization subsidiary CPFL Brasil, which resells that electricity to Free Consumers and other concessionaries and licensees (including our subsidiaries). In 2008, we acquired 16,183 GWh in the free market, or 32.8% of the electricity we purchased. See The Brazilian Power IndustryThe Free Market.
Recoverable Cost VariationsParcel A Costs
We use the CVA or the Parcel A account to recognize some of our costs in the distribution tariff, referred to as Parcel A costs, that are beyond our control. These costs are described in Note 3(c.3) to our audited consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008. When these costs are higher than the forecasts used in setting tariffs, we are generally entitled to recover the difference through subsequent annual tariff adjustments. This adjustment should eliminate the difference in the income statement that originated from these variations. However, our cash flows may be adversely affected until the amounts under CVA are received in future years. Similarly, if Parcel A costs are lower than forecast, we generally pass through the savings to consumers through lower tariffs in the future. When there are variations in Parcel A costs that will be reflected in future tariffs, we defer the incremental costs and record them on our balance sheet as the CVA. We will recognize these amounts as expenses when we bill the related increased tariffs. At December 31, 2008, we had assets of R$796 million and liabilities of R$207 million in respect of Parcel A accounts, and the net amount represented 11.7% of our shareholders equity. These amounts accrue interest at a rate based on SELIC, a Brazilian money market rate. In 2008, we recognized R$46 million of net financial income on Parcel A accounts.
These assets and liabilities may be affected by regulatory determinations. In the first quarter of 2008, ANEEL determined that our subsidiary CPFL Paulista should not be permitted to recover some 2007 energy costs that it had capitalized as a regulatory asset related to Energy surpluses and shortages, on the grounds that the costs should have been avoided by different purchasing practices under a supply contract between CPFL Paulista, our subsidiary CPFL Brasil and the CCEE. The determination was made in the context of the periodic revision of CPFL Paulistas tariffs. As the decision is preliminary and subject to challenge, we will maintain the measures that we took until ANEEL makes a final decision. We also capitalized 2007 costs under similar circumstances at our subsidiary CPFL Piratininga, which also has a supply contract with CPFL Brasil. During 2008, following ANEELs determination, we decided that those assets were fully impaired and we recognized a provision to reimburse consumers equivalent to R$167 million (R$101 million net of taxes), of which the majority was accounted for as electricity purchased for resale.
Operating Segments
Our three reportable segments are distribution, generation and commercialization. See Note 34(IV)(c) to our audited consolidated financial statements. Our generation and commercialization segments currently represent a small percentage of our gross operating revenues: 2.7% and 8.4% in 2008 and 2.3% and 6.3% in 2007, respectively. We expect our generation business to grow as our projects come on line through 2010. Since the new electricity will be sold primarily to our distribution companies, on a consolidated basis the new generation may not materially increase our operating revenues, but we expect it to have a positive effect on our consolidated operating margin.
The profitability of our segments differs. Our generation segment consists in substantial part of new hydroelectric projects, which require a high level of investment in fixed assets, and in the early years there is typically a high level of construction financing. Once these projects are operational, they have higher margin (operating income as a percentage of revenue) than the distribution segment, but they also contribute to higher interest expense and other financing costs. For example, in 2008 and 2007 our generation segment provided 23.4% and 16.2%, respectively, of our operating income, but its contribution, net of non-recurring effects, to our net income was significantly reduced since it was used to offset the financial expenses incurred to finance these projects.
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In our commercialization segment, a majority of our sales and operating income is attributable to transactions with our distribution segment. In 2008, our commercialization segment sold 10.8% less electricity than in 2007, and sales to unaffiliated parties decreased by 3.3%, reaching 8,822 GWh. Sales to unaffiliated parties include sales of electricity to Free Consumers and other concessionaries or licensees and the provision of value-added services. This decrease in volume of sales, however, was offset by an increase in our prices.
Brazilian Economic Conditions
All of our operations are in Brazil, and we are affected by general Brazilian economic conditions. In particular, the general performance of the Brazilian economy affects demand for electricity, and inflation affects our costs and our margins. The Brazilian economic environment has been characterized by significant variations in economic growth rates, with very low growth from 2001 through 2003 and an economic recovery since 2004. In particular, the following factors affected our operations:
The following table shows inflation, the change in real gross domestic product and the variation of the real against the U.S. dollar for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.
Year ended December 31, | ||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
Inflation (IGP-M)(1) | 9.8% | 7.8% | 3.8% | |||
Inflation (IPCA)(2) | 5.9% | 4.5% | 3.1% | |||
Growth (contraction) in real gross domestic product | 5.1% | 5.4% | 3.8% | |||
Depreciation (appreciation) of the real vs. U.S. dollar | 31.9% | (17.2)% | (8.7)% | |||
Period-end exchange rateUS$1.00 | R$2.337 | R$1.771 | R$2.138 | |||
Average exchange rateUS$1.00(3) | R$1.833 | R$1.930 | R$2.168 |
Source: Fundação Getúlio Vargas, the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística and the Central Bank. | ||
(1) | Inflation (IGP-M) is the general market price index measured by the Fundação Getúlio Vargas. | |
(2) | Inflation (IPCA) is a broad consumer price index measured by the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística and the reference for inflation targets set forth by the CMN. | |
(3) | Represents the average of the commercial selling exchange rates on the last day of each month during the period. |
Inflation primarily affects our business by increasing operating costs and financial expenses to service our inflation-indexed debt instruments. We are able to recover a portion of these increased costs through the Parcel A cost recovery mechanism, but there is delay in time between when the increased costs are incurred and when the increased revenues are received following our annual tariff adjustments. The amounts owed to us under Parcel A are indexed to the variation of the SELIC rate until they passed through to our tariffs.
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Results of Operations2008 compared to 2007
Operating revenues
Our net operating revenues were R$9,706 million in 2008, a 3.1% increase compared to 2007. The increase was due mainly to a 1.2% increase in our gross operating revenues and a 2.7% reduction in our deductions from operating revenues. The increase in our gross operating revenues primarily reflected higher revenues from our commercialization business and our other sales to wholesalers, attributable to higher prices. This more than offset the effect of lower revenues from sales to Final Consumers in our distribution business, attributable to tariff reductions.
To present net operating revenues, we deduct from our operating revenues a variety of taxes and regulatory charges, the most important of which is the value-added tax, or ICMS, imposed by Brazilian states. These deductions amounted to 32.5% of our gross operating revenues in 2008 and 33.8% in 2007. Most of these taxes and charges are based on the amount of gross operating revenues, while others vary depending on regulatory effects that are included in our tariffs. The lower rate of deductions in 2008 was due primarily to a 6% reduction in CCC and CDE charges compared to 2007 and lower effects of amortization of regulatory assets.
Sales to Final Consumers
Our operating revenues from sales to Final Consumers were R$12,473 million in 2008, a 2.0% decrease compared to 2007. The stability of our revenues reflected different trends for different categories of consumers:
Sales to wholesalers
Operating revenues from sales to wholesalers were R$948 million in 2008 (6.6% of our gross operating revenues), an increase of 38.9% compared to 2007. The increase was due to sales to other concessionaires and licensees, which increased to R$555 million in 2008 from R$285 million in 2007 due to higher prices and a 32.1% increase in volume.
Other operating revenues
Our other operating revenues were R$1,129 million in 2008 (7.9% of our gross operating revenues), compared to R$1,169 million in 2007. Other operating revenues in 2008 include a one-time credit of R$110 million arising from the settlement of a dispute relating to the collection of the TUSD, which was largely offset by a charge recorded under Electricity Network Usage Charges. The comparison is also affected by a non-recurring credit of R$189 million in 2007. Other factors include a reduction in TUSD charges due to a reduction in the tariff prices charged to Free Consumers and the accounting effects of regulatory assets relating to subsidies for low-income consumers.
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Operating Costs and Operating Expenses
Electricity purchased for resale
Our costs to purchase electricity were R$ 4,788 million in 2008 (65.0% of our total operating costs and operating expenses). This was 18.1% higher than in 2007, primarily resulting from (i) a 2.4% increase in the volume of electricity we purchased and (ii) higher prices in both the regulated market and the free market.
The average price for all purchases excluding Itaipu was 14.8% higher in 2008 than in 2007, primarily reflecting the annual adjustment of prices for inflation. The average price for electricity purchased from Itaipu, which represented 22.5% of the volume we purchased in 2008, was 1.5% lower in 2008 than in 2007, because of a reduction in the tariffs established by ANEEL. In the aggregate, we purchased 2.4% more electricity in 2008 because of an increase in volume sold.
In 2008, we also recognized a charge of R$158 million related to Energy surpluses and shortages, which was partially offset by a R$97 million credit related to energy purchased during 2008. See Note 3 to our consolidated financial statement.
Electricity network usage charges
Our costs for electricity network usage charges were R$904 million in 2008. This was 28.6% higher than in 2007, reflecting (i) a charge of R$98 million in 2008 due to the settlement of a dispute relating to the collection of the TUSD and (ii) the effects of inflation adjustment of usage tariffs.
Other costs and expenses
Our other costs and expenses (other than electric utility service costs) were R$1,678 million in 2008, a 7.1% decrease from 2007. This was due primarily to the 2007 write-off of our assets relating to the recovery of RTE costs of R$189 million, as discussed above. Other changes in costs and expenses included the effect of inflation, particularly on personnel costs, partially offset by the recognition of gain on our pension plan assets.
Operating Income
Our operating income was R$2,336 million in 2008, compared to R$2,847 million in 2007. This decrease was caused by reductions in our tariff rates throughout 2008.
Net Financial Expense
Our net financial expense was R$414 million in 2008, compared to R$375 million in 2007. The net cost of our indebtedness, including interest and indexation and after giving effect to related derivatives, increased in 2008, primarily because of higher domestic interest rates and a higher level of indebtedness. Our financial revenues also reflected lower recognition of financial income on regulatory assets as the balance of those assets decreased.
At December 31, 2008, we had R$5,357 million in debt denominated in reais, which accrued both interest and monetary correction based on a variety of Brazilian indices and money market rates. We also had the equivalent of R$1,610 million of debt denominated in foreign currencies (U.S. dollars and Japanese yen). In order to reduce the risk of exchange losses with respect to these foreign-denominated debts, we entered into long-term currency swaps for a significant portion of these debts. The rates of index variation were higher in 2008, with the average CDI rate for the year increasing from 11.8% in 2007 to 12.3% in 2008 and the IGP-M increasing by 9.8% in 2008 compared to 7.8% in 2007.
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Income and Social Contribution Taxes
We recorded a net charge of R$636 million for income and social contribution taxes in 2008, compared to R$827 million in 2007. Our effective tax rate of 33.1% on pretax income in 2008 was approximately equal to the combined statutory rate of 34%. Our subsidiaries are not consolidated for tax purposes, and our tax rate may vary from year to year depending on rates attributed to individual subsidiaries.
Net Income
Our net income was R$1,276 million in 2008, a decrease of 22.3% compared to 2007, due primarily to the tariff rate reductions which took place throughout 2008, as discussed above.
Results of Operations2007 compared to 2006
Changes in Brazilian Accounting Principles as a result of legislation adopted late in 2007 have been given effect in our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, but not as of and for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004. See Item 3. Key Information Selected Financial and Operating Data. As a result, the financial information presented herein is not comparable in certain limited respects. These differences do not materially affect the comparison between the results of operations for the financial years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006.
Operating revenues
Our net operating revenues were R$9,410 million in 2007, an 18.9% increase compared to 2006. The increase was due to higher volume and higher prices. Our total volume of electricity delivered to Final Consumers increased by 7.2%, of which (i) 6.4% was attributable to the acquisitions of CPFL Santa Cruz, which we began consolidating in January 2007, and CPFL Jaguariúna, which we began consolidating in July 2007, and to the full consolidation of RGE beginning in June 2006 and (ii) 0.8% was attributable to growth in our continuing businesses. The price increases were due to rate increases that resulted in a 7.6% increase in the average price (based on gross revenues) on sales to Final Consumers.
The same factors resulted in a 16.2% increase in our gross operating revenues. See BackgroundDeductions from Operating Revenues for a discussion of items we deduct in arriving at net operating revenues.
Prices and volumes on sales to Final Consumers
Our average prices in 2007 increased for all categories of Final Consumers. Tariffs are adjusted each year. The month in which the tariff adjustment takes effect varies, with the increases in the largest subsidiaries taking effect in April (CPFL Paulista and RGE) and October (CPFL Piratininga). See BackgroundRegulated Distribution Tariffs.
Our higher average prices in 2007 reflected annual adjustments in 2006 and 2007. The increase in average prices from 2006 to 2007 was 2.4%, 3.2% and 2.2% for residential, commercial and rural consumers, respectively. Average prices increased for industrial consumers by 13.9%, due mainly to the increase in sales prices applicable to industrial consumers in the free market and tariff adjustments for captive consumers. Industrial consumers in concession areas who purchase in the free market also pay us for the use of our network, and this revenue is reflected in our consolidated financial statements under Other Operating Revenues.
The total volume of electricity sold to Final Consumers, which was 40,324 GWh in 2007 compared to 37,602 GWh in 2006, increased for all categories of Final Consumers except in the industrial sector, where it declined slightly (1.1%) .
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Sales to distributors
Operating revenues from sales to unaffiliated distributors amounted to R$683 million in 2007 (4.8% of our gross operating revenues), an increase of 36.4% compared to 2006. The increase was due to sales to other concessionaires and licensees, which increased to R$285 million in 2007 from R$200 million in 2006, mainly because of the increase in prices applied by CPFL Brasil.
Other operating revenues
Our other operating revenues were R$1,169 million in 2007 (8.2% of our gross operating revenues), compared to R$827 million in 2006. This increase is due to an increase in electricity network usage charges (including the TUSD) of R$108 million, which is due primarily to an increase of energy consumption by consumers that migrated to the free market. The increase is also due to the R$189 million write-off of our liability to pass on RTE revenues to suppliers, because a significant portion of the program of recovery of costs incurred from the 2001-2002 energy crisis ended in 2007. The revenue from this write-off was fully offset by an expense write-off for the corresponding asset. See Note 3(a) to our consolidated financial statements.
Operating Costs and Operating Expenses
Electricity purchased for resale
Our costs to purchase electricity amounted to R$4,052 million in 2007 (62.0% of our total operating costs and operating expenses). This was 18.5% higher than in 2006, primarily resulting from (i) a 4.7% increase in the volume of electricity we purchased and (ii) higher prices for purchases in the regulated market, free market purchases and purchases from Itaipu.
The average price for all purchases excluding Itaipu was 11.8% higher in 2007 than in 2006, because of the effect of the annual tariff adjustment. The average price for electricity purchased from Itaipu, which represented 22.8% of the volume we purchased in 2007, was 8.6% higher in 2007 than in 2006. The increase in price reflected the increase in tariffs for Itaipu established by ANEEL.
In the aggregate, we purchased 4.7% more electricity in 2007 because of an increase in volume sold. This increase in purchased electricity, however, was not proportionate to the increase in volume of sales that was 7.2%, because we received additional energy from our own new plants that became operational in 2007. See BackgroundPrices for Purchased Electricity. Note 24 to our audited consolidated financial statements provides a breakdown of our electricity purchase costs and volumes.
Electricity network usage charges
Our costs for electricity network usage charges were R$703 million in 2007. This was 9.2% lower than in 2006, due to the reduction in the net amount we recognized for Parcel A costs.
Other costs and expenses
Our other costs and expenses (other than electric utility service costs) were R$1,807 million in 2007, a 24.9% increase from 2006. This was due primarily to the write-off of our assets relating to the recovery of RTE costs, as discussed above, as well as our acquisition of new subsidiaries CPFL Jaguariúna, CPFL Santa Cruz, RGE and the entry into operations of Campos Novos, which contributed an additional R$113 million increase in expenses. This increase also reflects the realization of a gain in 2006 due to the sale of investments. See Use of Estimates in Certain Accounting Policies.
Operating Income
Our operating income was R$2,847 million in 2007, as compared to R$2,272 million in 2006, due primarily to revenue growth, as discussed above.
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Net Financial Expense
Our net financial expense was R$375 million in 2007, compared to R$150 million in 2006. This was partly because 2006 net financial expense was favorably affected by the R$122 million reversal of provisions for PIS and COFINS from prior years, because we obtained a favorable resolution of our challenge to the application of those taxes to our financial income. The increase in net financial expense was also partly attributable to lower recognition of financial income on regulatory assets as the balance of those assets decreased. Except for these two effects, the effect of higher indebtedness was offset by the effect of lower rates.
At December 31, 2007, we had R$5,006 million in debt denominated in reais, which accrued both interest and monetary correction based on a variety of Brazilian indices and money market rates. We also had the equivalent of R$1,079 million of debt denominated in foreign currencies (U.S. dollars and Japanese yen). In order to reduce the risk of exchange losses with respect to these foreign-denominated debts, we entered into long-term currency swaps for a significant portion of these debts. The rates of index variation were lower in 2007, with the CDI decreasing to 11.8% in 2007 from 15.1% in 2006 and the TJLP decreasing to 6.4% in 2007 from 7.9% in 2006, which more than offset the effect of the increase in debt used for the expansion of our generation and distribution activities as well as our new acquisitions.
Non-operating Income
In 2006, we recorded non-operating income of R$50 million related to the sale of equity interests held for investment.
Income and Social Contribution Taxes
We recorded a net charge of R$827 million for income and social contribution taxes in 2007, compared to R$734 million in 2006. Our effective tax rate of 33.4% on pretax income in 2007 was approximately equal to the combined statutory rate of 34%. Our subsidiaries are not consolidated for tax purposes, and our tax rate may vary from year to year depending on rates attributed to individual subsidiaries.
Net Income
Our net income was R$1,641 million in 2007, an increase of 16.9% compared to 2006, due primarily to the higher volumes and margins of sales of electric energy and costs growing more slowly than revenues.
Capital Expenditures
Our principal capital expenditures in the past several years have been for the maintenance and upgrading of our distribution network and for our generation projects. The following table sets forth our capital expenditures for the three years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.
Year ended December 31, | ||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
(in millions) | ||||||
Distribution: | ||||||
CPFL Paulista | R$ 279 | R$ 291 | R$ 245 | |||
CPFL Piratininga | 123 | 144 | 131 | |||
RGE | 226 | 221 | 151 | |||
Other distributors | 37 | 20 | - | |||
Total distribution | 665 | 676 | 527 | |||
Generation | 502 | 445 | 266 | |||
Commercialization and other investments | 11 | 12 | 4 | |||
Total | R$ 1,178 | R$ 1,133 | R$ 797 | |||
We plan to make capital expenditures aggregating approximately R$1,235 million in 2009 and approximately R$1,227 million in 2010. Of total budgeted capital expenditures over this period, R$1,750 million is for distribution and R$712 million is for generation. Part of these expenditures, particularly in generation projects, is already contractually committed. See Liquidity and Capital ResourcesFunding Requirements and
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Contractual Commitments. Planned capital expenditures for development of our generation capacity, and the related financing arrangements, are discussed in more detail under BusinessGeneration of Electricity.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Funding Requirements and Contractual Commitments
Our capital requirements are primarily for the following purposes:
On December 31, 2008, our working capital reflected a deficit (excess of current liabilities over current assets) of R$530 million. A significant cause of this deficit was our provision for dividend payments of R$632 million, which will be mostly eliminated by cash generated from our operating activities combined with the extension of the maturity date of the outstanding debt originally scheduled to mature in the first semester of 2009. The dividend payment was made on April 30, 2009.
The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2008. The table does not include accounts payable reported on our balance sheet.
Payments due by period | ||||||||||
Total | Less than 1 year | 1-3 years | 4-5 years | After 5 years | ||||||
(in millions of reais) | ||||||||||
Contractual obligations as of December 31, 2008: | ||||||||||
Long term debt obligations(1) | R$7,029 | R$1,103 | R$2,552 | R$2,033 | R$1,340 | |||||
Purchase obligations: | ||||||||||
Electricity purchase agreements(2) | 120,525 | 5,439 | 12,650 | 14,338 | 88,098 | |||||
Generation projects | 521 | 339 | 164 | 18 | - | |||||
Supplies | 637 | 447 | 175 | 8 | 7 | |||||
Pension funding(3) | 901 | 42 | 101 | 101 | 657 | |||||
Total | R$129,612 | R$7,370 | R$15,642 | R$16,498 | R$90,102 | |||||
(1) | Not including interest payments on debt or payments under swap agreements. We expect to pay approximately R$488 million in interest payments in 2009. Interest payments on debt for years following 2010 have not been estimated. We are not able to determine such future interest payments because we cannot accurately predict future interest rates, our future cash generation, or future business decisions that could significantly affect our debt levels and consequently this estimate. For an understanding of the impact of a change in interest rates applicable to our long-term debt obligations, see Market RiskRisk of Index Variation. For additional information on the terms of our outstanding debt, see Terms of Outstanding Debt. |
(2) | Amounts payable under long-term energy purchase agreements, which are subject to changing prices and provide for renegotiation under certain circumstances. The table represents the amounts payable for the contracted volumes applying the year-end 2008 price. See BackgroundPrices for Purchased Electricity and Note 32 to our audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2008. |
(3) | Amounts due under a contract with the pension plan administrator (see Note 17 of our consolidated financial statements). |
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Sources of Funds
We generate substantial cash from our operations. Net cash provided by operating activities was R$1,877 million in 2008, as compared to R$2,336 million in 2007. The reduction mainly reflected the reduction in net income. Under our regulatory system, we regularly recover some of our increased costs in one period through tariff adjustments in future periods. This may cause our cash from operations to vary from period to period, even when our net income does not.
Other than cash from operations, our principal source of funds has been borrowing. In 2008 we entered into loan agreements totaling R$2,172 million to be used for the construction of our generation plants, the expansion and refurbishment of our distribution facilities and the extension of the maturity dates of our indebtedness. Some of these loan amounts as well as our operating cash flow were used to repay R$2,074 million of our debt in 2008. The net effect of such loans, the provisions for interest rate payment, and the related amortizatization schedule resulted an increase in our total indebtedness of R$363 million in 2008, as opposed to R$ 1,187 million in 2007. The main reasons for the increase in 2008 were: (i) our distribution companies obtained R$773 million of financing through credit lines from BNDES, to be used for the expansion and modernization of their electric grids, (ii) R$513 million was disbursed to Foz do Chapecó (R$262 million of which is CPFL Geraçãos proportional share) of a R$1,656 million loan approved by BNDES in July 2007, to be used for the construction of the Foz do Chapecó facility, and (iii) loans for the construction of other generation plants. Also, in early 2008 we refinanced short-term debt with longer-term debt, improving the overall maturity profile of our total debt. The main reasons for the increase in indebtedness in 2007 were the acquisition of CPFL Jaguariúna in June 2007, our posting of a judicial deposit required for a lawsuit to which we are a party (See Note 20 to our Financial Statements) and borrowings for the construction of generation plants.
During 2009 and 2010, we will raise funding mainly to finance working capital requirements, for debt refinancing and to meet capital expenditures established with BNDES.
Our principal source of new financing in 2009 will be loans from BNDES to fund capital expenditures at our distribution companies and to complete the construction of the Foz do Chapecó facility. The financing facilities for expansion and modernization of the electric grid at RGE, CPFL Paulista and CPFL Piratininga had an aggregate of R$509 million in undrawn commitments at December 31, 2008. The construction finance facility for the Foz do Chapecó power plant had an undrawn commitment of R$645 million (of which our share represents R$329 million) as of December 31, 2008.
In the past, we have also turned to the domestic capital markets for debt financing, typically in the form of real-denominated debentures. Even under the current market conditions, funding is still available, though it most likely will have shorter terms (up to three years) and higher costs (compared to the CDI flat interest rate). We may be able to rely on bilateral bank loans in reais for new financing during 2009.
Through our subsidiaries CPFL Paulista, RGE, CPFL Geração, CPFL Leste Paulista, CPFL Sul Paulista and CPFL Jaguari we issued promissory notes totaling R$495 million in April 2009. Of these notes, R$445 million will become due within 360 days and the remaining R$50 million will become due within 180 days. These notes were issued at 118% of CDI, and are guaranteed by us. In May 2009, the Board of Directors approved the issuance of debentures by the following subsidiaries: CPFL Paulista, RGE, CPFL Geração, CPFL Brasil, CPFL Leste Paulista, CPFL Sul Paulista and CPFL Jaguari. We expect to borrow an aggregate sum of R$890 million, which will be used to prepay the promissory notes issued in April 2009, finance the construction of the Foz do Chapecó powerplant and to supplement the working capital of our subsidiaries.
Terms of Outstanding Debt
Total debt outstanding at December 31, 2008 (excluding accrued interest and derivative transactions) was R$6,967 million. Of the total amount, approximately R$1,610 million, or 23.1%, was denominated in U.S. dollars and Japanese yen, and the balance was denominated in reais. R$1,103 million of our total debt is scheduled to mature in the next 12 months.
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Our major categories of indebtedness are as follows:
Financial and Operating Covenants
We are subject to financial and operating covenants under our financial instruments and those of our subsidiaries. These covenants include the following:
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As a result of the postponement of the commercial start-up of Campos Novos hydroeletric plant, we were not able to meet some time sensitive covenants of the IDB Loan. Enercans management has already entered into discussions with IDB in order to review those covenants, and has obtained a written confirmation that it will not seek acceleration of the loan agreement.
We are currently in compliance with our financial and operating covenants. Breach of any of these covenants would give our lenders the right to accelerate our repayment obligations.
In addition, a number of the financing instruments of our subsidiaries are subject to acceleration if, as a result of changes in our structure or in the structure of our subsidiaries, our current shareholders cease to own a majority of CPFL Energias voting equity or control over management.
For more information on our financial covenants, see Notes 15 and 16 to our audited consolidated financial statements.
Research and Development and Electricity Efficiency Programs
In accordance with applicable Brazilian law, since June 2000 companies holding concessions, permission and authorizations for distribution, generation and transmission of electricity have been required to dedicate a minimum of 1% of their net operating revenue each year to research and development and electricity efficiency programs. Small hydroelectric power plant and wind, sun and biomass energy projects are not subject to this requirement. Beginning in April 2007, our distribution concessionaires dedicated 0.5% of their net operating revenue to research and development and 0.5% to electricity efficiency programs, while our generation concessionaries dedicated 1.0% of their net operating revenue to research and development.
Our electricity efficiency program is designed to foster the efficient use of electricity by our consumers, to reduce technical and commercial losses and offer products and services that improve satisfaction and loyalty and enhance our corporate image. Our research and development programs utilize technological research to develop products, which may be used internally, as well as sold to the public. We carry out certain of these programs through strategic partnerships with national universities and research centers, and the vast majority of our resources are dedicated to innovation and development in new technologies applicable to our business.
Our disbursements on research and development projects in 2008 totaled R$79 million, compared to R$116 million in 2007 and R$66 million in 2006.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have guaranteed some of the debt of our proportionately consolidated subsidiaries. These guarantees are generally of a proportion of the debt that is no greater than our proportionate ownership share of the
subsidiary. However, we have guaranteed the full amount payable of credit facilities of our subsidiary CERAN, while we only report our proportionate 65% share of the liabilities on our balance sheet. The outstanding balance of these obligations was
R$728 million in as of December 31, 2008. In 2005 we assumed an obligation to guarantee 57.27% of the amount payable under a US$75 million credit facility of our subsidiary ENERCAN during the construction of its facilities, while we only
report our proportionate 48.72% share of the liabilities on our balance sheet.
Additionally, in 2007 and 2008 we assumed an obligation to guarantee 60% of the amount payable under a R$1,051 million credit facility of our subsidiary Foz do Chapecó during the construction of its facilities, while we only report our
proportionate 51% share of the liabilities on our balance sheet.
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As of December 31, 2008, we had no: (i) guarantee obligations (as described in paragraph 3 of FASB Interpretation No. 45, Guarantors Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees), other than the CERAN, ENERCAN and Foz do Chapecó guarantees described above; (ii) retained or contingent interests in assets transferred to an unconsolidated entity or similar arrangements; (iii) obligations under derivative instruments that are indexed to our common shares and classified in shareholders equity; or (iv) obligations arising out of a variable interest in an unconsolidated entity, as defined in FASB Interpretation FIN 46(R), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities.
U.S. GAAP Reconciliation
We prepare our financial statements in accordance with Brazilian Accounting Principles, which differ in significant respects from U.S. GAAP. The differences are described in Note 34 to our audited consolidated financial statements. Net income for 2008 was R$1,237 million under U.S. GAAP, compared to R$1,276 million under Brazilian Accounting Principles. Shareholders equity at December 31, 2008 was R$6,448 million under U.S. GAAP, compared to R$5,019 million under Brazilian Accounting Principles.
The differences between Brazilian Accounting Principles and U.S. GAAP that have the most significant effects on net income and shareholders equity are the following.
Accounting for Acquisitions. Under Brazilian Accounting Principles, acquisitions are accounted for at book value, and the difference between the book value of the purchased companys net assets and the purchase price is recorded as goodwill and amortized. Brazilian Accounting Principles have been undergoing rapid change pursuant to legislation adopted late in 2007 and accounting rules for acquisitions may change as well. Under U.S. GAAP, the purchase price of an acquired entity is allocated to assets acquired, including identifiable intangible assets, and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values on the date of acquisition. The excess of the cost of an acquired entity over the net of the amount assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recognized as goodwill. Goodwill is not amortized under U.S. GAAP, subject to an annual assessment for impairment. Beginning in 2009, the amortization of goodwill is no longer possible in Brazil due to the legislation adopted in 2007. Similar to US GAAP, this process is now subject to an annual assessment for impairment. Under U.S. GAAP we principally allocated the excess purchase price over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities to the concessions of the acquired companies, which is being amortized over the lives of the concessions. The net effect of these differences tended to make U.S. GAAP net income higher than Brazilian Accounting Principles net income when the amortization of goodwill under Brazilian Accounting Principles occurred over a 10-year period. Under Brazilian Accounting Principles, since 2004 we have been required to amortize goodwill over the lives of our concessions, which tends to increase net income under Brazilian Accounting Principles compared to U.S. GAAP.
Accounting for pension plan liabilities. Another material difference relates to accounting for pension plan liabilities. Under Brazilian Accounting Principles, we use actuarial liability limits in order to improve financial reporting by mitigating volatility in the related income statement. As a result, our financial statements do not account for certain related gains and losses. Under US GAAP, all related gains and losses must be recognized as a component of Other Comprehensive Income (OCI).
Use of Estimates in Certain Accounting Policies
In preparing our financial statements, we make estimates concerning a variety of matters. Some of these matters are highly uncertain, and our estimates involve judgments we make based on the information available to us. We have discussed certain accounting policies relating to regulatory matters above, in Background. In the discussion below, we have identified several other matters for which our financial presentation would be materially affected if either (i) we used different estimates that we could reasonably have used or (ii) in the future we change our estimates in response to changes that are reasonably likely to occur.
The discussion addresses only those estimates that we consider most important based on the degree of uncertainty and the likelihood of a material impact if we used a different estimate. There are many other areas in which we use estimates about uncertain matters, but the reasonably likely effect of changed or different estimates is not material to our financial presentation. Please see the notes to our audited consolidated financial statements included herein for a more detailed discussion of the application of these and other accounting policies.
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Impairment of Long-lived Assets
Long-lived assets, which include property, plant and equipment, intangible assets and investments comprise a significant amount of our total assets. We carry balances on our balance sheet that are based on historical costs net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. We are required under both Brazilian Accounting Principles and U.S. GAAP to evaluate periodically whether these assets are impaired, that is, whether their future capacity to generate cash does not justify maintaining them at their carrying values. If they are impaired, we are required to recognize a loss by writing off part of their value. The analysis we perform requires that we estimate the future cash flows attributable to these assets, and these estimates require us to make a variety of judgments about our future operations, including judgments concerning market growth and other macroeconomic factors as well as the demand for electricity. Changes in these judgments could require us to recognize impairment losses in future periods. Our evaluations in 2008 and 2007 did not result in any significant impairment of our property, plant and equipment or intangible assets and investments.
Valuation of Deferred Regulatory Assets
As discussed above, we defer and capitalize Parcel A costs that we expect to recover through rate increases, and in 2001 and 2002 we recognized revenues that we will realize in future years pursuant to the RTE. We take this approach under Brazilian Accounting Principles, and under U.S. GAAP it is also consistent with SFAS No. 71, Accounting for the Effects of Certain Types of Regulation. This statement provides that rate-regulated entities account for and report assets and liabilities consistent with the recovery of those costs in rates, if the rates established are designed to recover the costs of providing the regulated service and if the competitive environment makes it probable that such rates can be charged and collected. Certain expenses and revenues subject to utility regulation or rate determination normally reflected in income are deferred on the balance sheet and are recognized in income as the related amounts are included in service rates and recovered from or refunded to consumers. The total amount of net deferred regulatory assets reflected in the consolidated balance sheets, including interest we have recognized, was R$543 million at December 31, 2008. See Note 3 to our audited consolidated financial statements. Under U.S. GAAP, we only recognize the deferred revenues to the extent we expect to recover them over the next 24 months.
We are entitled to recover these costs through Brazilian regulations. ANEEL performs a rate review on an annual basis. If ANEEL excludes all or part of a cost from recovery, that portion of the deferred regulatory asset is impaired and is accordingly reduced to the extent of the excluded cost. As of December 31, 2008, the provision for losses upon the realization of this asset was R$10 million. This provision was made based on income projections prepared periodically, taking into account expectations regarding market growth, inflation, interest rates and regulatory matters. See Note 3 to our audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2008.
The deferral and capitalization of expenses, and the recognition and deferral of revenues, in this manner is based on our judgment that we will in fact recover the amounts under future rate increases. If our judgment as to the likelihood of recovery changes, we could be required to recognize an impairment of these regulatory assets.
Pension Liabilities
We sponsor pension plans and disability and death benefit plans covering substantially all of our employees. We account for these benefits in accordance with Brazilian Accounting Principles. The determination of the amount of our obligations for pension benefits depends on certain actuarial assumptions. The total amount of our obligations recognized as revenues in 2008 was R$84 million. In 2009, the pension plan is expected to generate a deficit, and we expect to recognize an estimated debit of R$4 million in our results of operations. The differences between Brazilian Accounting Principles and U.S. GAAP are described in Note 34 to our audited consolidated financial statements.
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Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
We account for income taxes in accordance with Brazilian Accounting Principles, which are similar to SFAS No. 109 Accounting for Income Taxes, which requires an asset and liability approach to recording current and deferred taxes. Accordingly, the effects of differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and the amounts recognized in our financial statements have been treated as temporary differences for the purpose of recording deferred income tax.
We regularly review our deferred tax assets for recoverability. Under Brazilian Accounting Principles, the tax asset is not recognized if it is more likely than not that it will not be realized. Under U.S. GAAP, we establish a valuation allowance based on historical taxable income, projected future taxable income, and the expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences. If we are unable to generate sufficient future taxable income, or if there is a material change in the actual effective tax rates or time period within which the underlying temporary differences become taxable or deductible, we could be required to establish a valuation allowance against all or a significant portion of our deferred tax assets resulting in a substantial increase in our effective tax rate and a material adverse impact on our operating results.
Reserves for Contingencies
We and our subsidiaries are party to certain legal proceedings in Brazil arising in the normal course of business regarding tax, labor, civil and other issues.
We account for contingencies in accordance with Brazilian Accounting Principles, which are similar to SFAS No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies. Such accruals are estimated based on historical experience, the nature of the claims, as well as the current status of the claims. The evaluation of these contingencies is performed by various specialists, inside and outside of the company. Accounting for contingencies requires significant judgment by management concerning the estimated probabilities and ranges of exposure to potential liability. Managements assessment of our exposure to contingencies could change as new developments occur or more information becomes available. The outcome of the contingencies could vary significantly and could materially impact our consolidated results of operations, cash flows and financial position. Management has applied its best judgment in applying SFAS No. 5 to these matters. Under U.S.GAAP the company adopted the provisions of FIN 48 and recognizes income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not of being sustained, as described in Note 34 (III)(m) of our consolidated financial statements.
Depreciation and Amortization of Intangible Assets
We account for depreciation using the straight-line method, at annual rates based on the estimated useful life of assets, in accordance with ANEEL regulations and industry practice adopted in Brazil. Under U.S. GAAP, our property, plant and equipment are also depreciated using the straight-line method. However, the annual rates used to depreciate these assets are based on remaining useful life in accordance with the most recent appraisal report established for the assets acquired in a business combination. For the assets acquired after that date, the annual rates used to depreciate are those established by ANEEL. When a business combination occurs and the remaining useful life of an asset is changed, it may cause a material adverse impact on our results of operations in the period in which that estimate is revised and in the subsequent periods.
We account for the amortization of intangible assets using a percentage determined in connection with the net projected income based on the remaining term of the related concession contract determined by ANEEL. Under U.S. GAAP, our intagible assets are amortized using the straight-line method. Intangible assets related to our concessions have a pre-determined useful life and will continue to be amortized in accordance with the criteria adopted by the company and its subsidiaries over such period. Other intangible assets are only amortized if their useful lives can be reasonably estimated.
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ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
Directors and Senior Management
Board of Directors
Our Board of Directors is responsible for determining our overall strategic guidelines and, among other things, for establishing our general business policies and for electing our executive officers and supervising their management. According to our bylaws, our Board of Directors may be comprised of a minimum of seven members and a maximum of nine members. Currently, our Board of Directors is comprised of seven members, and one is independent (in accordance with the listing regulations of the New Market of the BOVESPA, or the Novo Mercado, and our bylaws). In the event of a tie, the chairman will have the deciding vote. The Board of Directors meets at least once a month, or whenever requested by the chairman in accordance with our bylaws.
Under Brazilian Corporate Law, each director must hold at least one of our common shares. Under our bylaws, the board members are elected by the holders of our common shares at the annual general meeting of shareholders. Board members serve one-year terms, reelection being permitted provided that they may be removed at any time by our shareholders at an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders. Our current directors were elected at our general shareholders meeting held on April 23, 2009. Their terms will expire at our next annual shareholders meeting, scheduled to take place on April 2010. Our bylaws do not provide for a mandatory retirement age for our directors.
Under Brazilian Corporate Law, if a director or an executive officer has a conflict of interest with the company in connection with any proposed transaction, the director or executive officer may not vote in any decision of the Board of Directors, or of the board of executive officers, regarding such transaction, and must disclose the nature and extent of the conflicting interest for transcription in the minutes of the meeting. A director or an executive officer may not transact any business with a company, including accepting any loans, except on reasonable or fair terms and conditions that are identical to the terms and conditions prevailing in the market or offered by third parties. Any transaction entered into between our shareholders or related parties and us that exceeds R$7 million, as adjusted annually by the IGP-M index, must be previously approved by our Board of Directors. As of this date, there are no relevant agreements or other obligations between us and our directors.
Under Brazilian Corporate Law, combined with a recent decision by the Brazilian Securities Commission, Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (CVM), minority shareholders have the right to designate at least one member of our board of directors for election to the board, provided that they hold at least 10% of the outstanding voting shares. Minority shareholders that own greater than 5% of voting shares may request voto múltiplo (multiple voting).
The following table sets forth the name, age and position of each current member of our Board of Directors, of which one position is currently vacant. A brief biographical description of each of our directors follows the table.
Name | Age | Position | ||
Luiz Anibal de Lima Fernandes | 66 | Chairman | ||
Ricardo Carvalho Giambroni | 52 | Vice Chairman | ||
José Ayres de Campos | 51 | Director | ||
Francisco Caprino Neto | 49 | Director | ||
Milton Luciano dos Santos | 52 | Director | ||
Susana Hanna Stiphan Jabra | 51 | Director | ||
Ana Dolores Moura Carneiro de Novaes | 47 | Independent Director |
Luiz Anibal de Lima Fernandes - Mr. Fernandes graduated in Mechanical and Electrical Engineering from the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) in 1965 and also completed programs in: Study of Electrical Systems at UFMG (1966), Business Policy at Arthur D. Little/INDI (1974), Marketing Strategy at the João Pinheiro Foundation (1977), Information Systems for Executives at IBM (1982), and Advanced Development Program for Executives at the Dom Cabral Foundation/INSEAD (2000). He held positions as an engineer and Chief Financial and Investor Relations Officer at the Companhia Energética de Minas Gerais (CEMIG), CEO of the Industrial Development Institute of Minas Gerais INDI and of the Development Bank of Minas Gerais - BDMG, Control Officer of the Siderurgia Brasileira S.A. (SIDERBRÁS), Chief Financial and Investor Relations Officer and member of the Board of Directors of ELETROBRÁS - Centrais Elétricas Brasileiras S.A., CEO, Chief Financial, Investor Relations and Development Officer of Acesita S.A. (Arcelor Group), and Managing Officer of VBC Energia S.A. Today he serves as managing partner of L.A. & Associados Participações e Negócios Ltda., and since April 2007 Mr. Fernandes has been the Chairman of the Board of Directors of CPFL Energia.
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Ricardo Carvalho Giambroni - Mr. Giambroni graduated in Economics from the College of Economic and Political Sciences of Rio de Janeiro (FCPERJ) in 1984. He completed post-graduate studies in Corporate Law and Finance at the Getúlio Vargas Foundation (FGV) in 1999 and an executive MBA program in Corporate Finance and Corporate Governance at the Brazilian Institute of Capital Markets (IBMEC). He participated in the Strategic Management Program for Business Leaders at INSEAD in 2006 and served as Director of Valepar S.A. He was a member of the Board of Directors of Paranapanema S.A., Companhia Vale do Rio Doce S.A., Brasil Ferrovias S.A. (Ferronorte and Ferroban), Novoeste, and América Latina Logística S.A. (ALL). Today he is a member of the Board of Directors of Metrô Rio de Janeiro, 521 Participações S.A. and the executive manager of the Equity Area of Banco do Brasils Caixa de Previdência (PREVI). Since April 2009, he has been a member of the Board of Directors of CPFL Energia.
José Ayres de Campos - Mr. Campos graduated in Mechanical Engineering from the College of Industrial Engineering of São Bernardo do Campo (FEI) in 1982 and in Civil Engineering from the College of Engineering of São Paulo (FESP) in 1985. He completed post-graduate studies in Corporate Economics at the College of Economics and Business Administration of the University of São Paulo (FEA-USP) in 2003. He was a professor at the College of Engineering of Ilha Solteira (UNESP) and FEI. Today Mr. Campos is the CEO of CNEC Engenharia S.A. (Camargo Corrêa Group), where he has structured the Industrial Projects Department to operate in oil, gas and mining sectors, and began Electro-Mechanical Systems Supply Services. He also serves as a director of Construções & Comércio Camargo Corrêa S.A. (CCCC) and member of the Brazilian Committee of the World Energy Council (WEC). Since April 2009, Mr. Campos has been a member of the Board of Directors of CPFL Energia.
Francisco Caprino Neto - Mr. Caprino Neto graduated in Metallurgical Engineering from the Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo (USP) in 1983 and completed a masters degree program in the same area at the same institution in 1992. He was the chairman of the Process Engineering Department and advisor for the Control and Planning Department of Siderúrgica J.L. Aliperti S.A., as well as and the coordinator of metallurgical processes of Aços Villares S.A. He served as a sitting member of the Board of Directors of the CPFL Paulista, CPFL Piratininga, CPFL Geração and RGE from 2005 to 2006. Currently, he holds the position of executive officer and member of the Board of Directors of Camargo Corrêa Energia S.A. and Camargo Corrêa Investimentos em Infra-Estrutura S.A. (CCII). He is also a member of the Board of Directors of VBC Energia S.A., Usinas Siderúrgicas de Minas Gerais S.A. (USIMINAS), Companhia de Concessões Rodoviárias (CCR), and A-Port S.A. Since April 2000, Mr. Caprino Neto has been a member of the Board of Directors of CPFL Energia.
Milton Luciano dos Santos - Mr. Santos earned a degree in Law from Itajaí Valley University (UNIVALE) in 2001. He also completed an MBA program in General Training for Executive Officers at the University of São Paulo (USP) in 1994. At Banco do Brasil he held the following positions from 1976 to 2009: Assistant Manager, General Manager, State Executive Director, Government Executive Director, Distribution Officer, and Chief Retail and Distribution Officer. Since December 2006, Mr. Santos has been a member of the Board of Directors of CPFL Energia.
Susana Hanna Stiphan Jabra - Mrs. Jabra graduated in Economics from the College of Economics and Business Administration of the University of São Paulo (FEA-USP) in 1979 and participated of the Social Sciences program at the College of Philosophy, Letters and Human Sciences of the University of São Paulo (FFLCHUSP) in 1986. She specialized in Financial Management at the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC-SP) in 1980 and completed an MBA program in Finance at the Brazilian Institute of Capital Markets (IBMEC) in 1999. For more than 25 years she has worked for large and mid-sized companies and participated in important capital market transactions. She worked as an economist at Banco Itaú S.A., Control and Planning Manager at the Agência Estado Ltda., Executive Equity Manager and member of the Social Responsibility Committee of the Petrobrás Social Security Foundation (PETROS). She was a sitting member of the Board of Directors of CPFL Energia, CPFL Paulista, CPFL Piratininga and CPFL Geração (from 2003 to 2005 and from 2006 to 2007), Telenorte Celular Participações (from 2006 to 2008), Bonaire Participações S.A. (from 2002 to 2009), and an alternate member of the Board of Directors of Telemig Celular Participações S.A. (from 2003 to 2005), Perdigão S.A. (from 2006 to 2009) and Newtel Participações S.A. (from 2004 to 2008), in addition to serving as a member of the Fiscal Council of CPFL Energia, CPFL Paulista, CPFL Piratininga and CPFL Geração (from 2005 to 2006 and 2007 to 2008). Currently, she is an alternate member of the Fiscal Council of Itaú Unibanco Holding S.A., a professor for the Course for Board of Directors Members, and guest lecturer at the Debate Forum The Committees of Assistance to the Board of Directors of the Brazilian Institute of Corporate Governance (IBGC). She also participated in the course Training of Trainers, Corporate Governance Board Leadership Program held by the International Finance Corporation (IFC). Since April 2009, Mrs. Jabra has been a member of the Board of Directors of CPFL Energia.
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Ana Dolores Moura Carneiro de Novaes - Mrs. Novaes earned a Ph.D. in Economics from the University of California in 1990 and graduated in Law from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-RJ) in 2007. In 1999, she was offered the international professional designation of Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) by the CFA Institute (formerly known as AIMR - Association for Investment and Management Research) in the United States. Today she is a member of the Board of Directors of the CCR (since May 2002) and Metalfrio (since May 2009) and an advisor to the Audit Committee of the Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional (since August 2006). She held the positions of Investment Officer at Pictet Modal Asset Management (from 1998 to 2003) and Adjustable Rate Analyst at Banco de Investimentos Garantia (from 1995 to 1997). She worked for the World Bank Group in Washington, D.C. from 1991 to 1994 and was a macroeconomics professor at the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 2003 and at the Federal University of Pernambuco (in the first half of 1991). Since 2008, she has been a partner at Galanto Consultoria, Rio de Janeiro, specializing in services and consulting in corporate governance. Since April 2007, Mrs. Novaes has been a member of the Board of Directors of CPFL Energia.
Executive Officers
Our executive officers are responsible for our day-to-day management. Under our bylaws, our board of executive officers is comprised of seven members that are appointed by our Board of Directors for a two-year term, with the possibility of re-election. Our current executive officers were elected at the Board of Directors meeting held on April 29, 2009.
The following table sets forth the name, age and position of each current executive officer, of which one position is currently vacant. A brief biographical description of each of our executive officers follows the table.
Name | Age | Position | ||
Wilson Ferreira Junior | 50 | Chief Executive Officer | ||
José Antonio de Almeida Filippo | 48 | Chief Financial Officer and Head of Investor Relations | ||
Hélio Viana Pereira | 55 | Vice-President of Distribution | ||
Miguel Normando Abdalla Saad | 59 | Vice-President of Generation | ||
Paulo Cezar Coelho Tavares | 55 | Vice-President of Energy Management | ||
Vacant | Vice-President of Business Development | |||
José Marcos Chaves de Melo | 46 | Vice-President Administrative |
Wilson Ferreira Junior - In 1981, Mr. Ferreira Junior graduated from the School of Engineering at Mackenzie University with a degree in Electrical Engineering and in 1983 he graduated from the Business Administration course of the College of Economics, Accounting and Administrative Sciences of the same university. He attended a masters degree program in Energy at the University of São Paulo (USP), for which he did not complete the thesis requirements, and several specialization courses, including: Occupational Safety and Health Engineering (Mackenzie University, 1982), Marketing (Getúlio Vargas Foundation FGV, 1988), and Electricity Distribution Management (Swedish Power Co., 1992). At Companhia Energética de São Paulo (CESP), he held several senior positions and served as the Distribution Officer from 1995 to 1998. He served as CEO of RGE from 1998 to 2000, Chairman of the Board of Directors of Bandeirante Energia S.A. from 2000 to 2001, President of the Brazilian Association of Electric Power Distributors (ABRADEE), and Vice President of the Brazilian Association of Infrastructure and Basic Industry (ABDIB). Today, Mr. Ferreira Junior serves as the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the National Electrical System Operator (ONS). In March 2000, he became CEO of CPFL Paulista, and later of CPFL Piratininga, CPFL Geração, CPFL Brasil, RGE, CPFL Santa Cruz, CPFL Jaguariúna, CPFL Bioenergia, and other subsidiaries of CPFL Energia. Since 2002, he has been a member of the Board of Directors of CPFL Paulista, CPFL Piratininga, CPFL Geração, RGE and the CEO of CPFL Energia.
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José Antonio de Almeida Filippo - Mr. Filippo graduated in Civil Engineering from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) in 1983 and completed post-graduate studies in Finance at the Institute of Administration and Management (IAG) in 1984. He attended the Program for Management Development at the Brazilian Institute of Capital Markets (IBMEC) in 1990 and at Harvard Business School in 1999. He has held senior positions at the companies Ingersoll-Rand, LATASA, and GAFISA S.A. He is the Chief Financial and Investor Relations Officer of CPFL Paulista, CPFL Piratininga, RGE, CPFL Geração, CPFL Brasil, CPFL Santa Cruz, CPFL Jaguariúna, CPFL Bioenergia, and other subsidiaries of CPFL Energia. He is the Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors of CERAN, ENERCAN and Foz do Chapecó Energia. Since 2004, Mr. Filippo has been the Chief Financial and Investor Relations Executive Officer of CPFL Energia.
Hélio Viana Pereira Mr. Pereira graduated in Electrical Engineering from the Itajubá Federal School of Engineering (EFEI) in 1976 and completed a specialization program in Industrial Quality Engineering at the State University of Campinas (Unicamp). He completed post-graduate studies in Electricity Business Management at the Getúlio Vargas Foundation (FGV) and the University of São Paulo (USP). Mr. Pereira served as an engineer in the Eletrobrás Department of Rural Electrification from 1976 to 1978, as an engineer at the Underground Grid Studies Department and as a manager at the Public Lighting Division of the Companhia de Eletricidade de Brasília (CEB) from 1978 to 1981. He held several senior positions and was the Operating Control Supervisor and Operations Manager of Companhia Energética de São Paulo (CESP) from 1984 to 1989. At CPFL Paulista, he served as the Manager of the Planning and Modernization Department from May to August 2000. Today he is the Distribution Officer of CPFL Paulista, CPFL Piratininga, RGE, CPFL Santa Cruz, CPFL Jaguariúna and other distributors of CPFL Energia. He is also a member of the Board of Directors of CPFL Geração. Since 2002, Mr. Pereira has been the Chief Distribution Officer of CPFL Energia.
Miguel Normando Abdalla Saad - Mr. Saad graduated in Civil Engineering from the São Carlos School of Engineering (USP) in 1973. He held several senior positions at Companhia Energética de São Paulo (CESP) from 1974 to 2000, such as Head Engineer of the Concrete Sector of the Civil Engineering Laboratory, Manager of the Water and Thermal Resources Division, assistant manager of the Electrical System Expansion Planning Department, and manager of the Department of Construction and Contracts. From 1994 to 1997, he served as the President of the São Paulo commission of the Brazilian Committee on Large Dams. Mr. Saad is currently the Energy Generation Officer of CPFL Geração, CPFL Bioenergia, CPFL Sul Centrais Elétricas, Chairman of the Board of Directors of ENERCAN, Foz do Chapecó Energia and CERAN, and Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors of BAESA, CPFL Paulista, CPFL Piratininga, and RGE. Since 2002, Mr. Saad has been the Chief Generation Officer of CPFL Energia.
Paulo Cezar Coelho Tavares - Mr. Tavares graduated in Electrical Engineering from the Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), completed a masters program in Power Systems Engineering from the State University of Campinas (Unicamp) and an MBA program in Finance from the Brazilian Institute of Capital Markets (IBMEC) in 1998. He served as Energy Planning and Sales Manager and an engineer at Companhia Hidro Elétrica do São Francisco (CHESF) and as an advisor to the executive management of Eletrobrás, in charge of the National Program for Energy Conservation (PROCEL) and the distribution of urban and rural areas. He also worked as a secretary of PROCEL and led several projects related to energy efficiency with institutions such as the World Bank, USAID, ACEEE, CIDA (Canada), ETSU (United Kingdom) and ALURE (European Community). He served as the CEO of Guaraniana Comércio e Serviços (GCS), a gas and energy commercialization company, and Chief Corporate Development Officer and CEO of Companhia Energética de Pernambuco (CELPE). He has also served as member of the Board of Directors of Companhia Energética de Alagoas (CEAL), Companhia Energética do Rio Grande do Norte (COSERN) and CELPE. Today Mr. Tavares is a member of the Brazilian Association of Energy Traders (ABRACEEL), and Managing Energy Director of CPFL Brasil, CPFL Paulista, CPFL Piratininga, RGE, CPFL Santa Cruz, CPFL Geração, CPFL Bioenergia, CPFL Jaguariúna and other subsidiaries of CPFL Energia. He is a member of the Board of Directors of CERAN, ENERCAN and Foz do Chapecó Energia. Since 2002, Mr. Tavares has been the Chief Energy Management Officer of CPFL Energia.
José Marcos Chaves de Melo In 1980, Mr. Melo graduated as an electronics technician from the Federal Center for Technological Education of Rio de Janeiro (CEFET-RJ). In 1986 he graduated in Engineering from the University of Kansas. Among his academic achievements, the following stand out: Fulbright scholarship, American National Engineering Honor Society (Tau Beta Pi), the 2005 SAP Diamond Circle Award for Outstanding Business Contributions, and the 2006 Accenture World Innovation Award for the National Electricity System Operator (ONS) SIGA Project. Mr. Melo worked at Accenture do Brasil from 1987 to 2008, serving as its CEO from 1998 to 2008. He was responsible for the execution of several projects with companies of the electricity sector for 12 years, oil and gas sectors for 5 years, steel sector for 2 years, and in the manufacturing sector for 1 year. He has experience in several functional areas, such as IT, supply chain, field work and assets management. During his career he has worked the companies such as Neoenergia, Light, CEMIG, Duke Energy, Petrobrás, Repsol-YPF and CSN, the Electric Power Trade Board (CCEE) and ONS. Mr. Melo is currently the Administrative Officer of CPFL Paulista, CPFL Piratininga, RGE, CPFL Santa Cruz, CPFL Jaguariúna, CPFL Geração, CPFL Bioenergia, and other subsidiaries of CPFL Energia. Since 2008, he has been the Chief Administrative Officer of CPFL Energia.
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Fiscal Council
Under Brazilian Corporate Law, the Conselho Fiscal, or fiscal council, is a corporate body independent of the management and the companys external auditors. Our fiscal council is permanent, although Brazilian Corporate Law allows fiscal councils to be either permanent or non-permanent and may be composed of a minimum of three and a maximum of five members. The primary responsibility of the fiscal council is to review managements activities and the companys financial statements, and to report its findings to the companys shareholders. Brazilian Corporate Law requires fiscal council members to receive as remuneration at least 10% of the average annual amount paid to the companys executive officers, excluding benefits and profit sharing. Minority holders of common shares owning in aggregate at least 10% of the common shares outstanding may also elect one member of the fiscal council.
Under Brazilian Corporate Law, our fiscal council may not include members who are on our Board of Directors, are on the board of executive officers, are employed by us or a controlled company or a company of the same group, or are spouses or relatives of any member of our management or Board of Directors. Our fiscal council elected at our shareholders meeting held on April 23, 2009, with a mandate of one year, is composed of five members: José Reinaldo Magalhães (President), Daniela Corci Cardoso, Adalgiso Fragoso de Faria, Wilton de Medeiros Daher and Décio Magno Andrade Stochiero.
In accordance with the listed company audit committee rules of the NYSE and the SEC, on June 8, 2005 our Board of Directors designated and empowered our fiscal council to perform the role of the audit committee in reliance on the exemption set forth in Exchange Act Rule 10A-3(c)(3).
Advisory Committees
The chairperson of each of the following committees reports on activities at the Board of Directors monthly meetings, however, the committees do not have decision-making authority and their recommendations are not binding upon the Board of Directors.
Management Processes Committee. Our Management Processes Committee is responsible for assisting the Board of Directors by: (i) evaluating the validity of the information disclosed to the Board of the Directors, (ii) preparing proposals to improve business management procedures, (iii) evaluating our risk profile and (iv) coordinating internal audits and preparing improvement proposals. The members of this committee are Francisco Caprino Neto, Arthur Prado Silva, and Martin Roberto Glogowsky.
Human Resources Management Committee. Our Human Resources Management Committee is responsible for assisting the Board of Directors by: (i) coordinating the CEO selection process, (ii) defining criteria for compensation of the executive officers, including long and short-term incentive plans, (iii) defining performance goals of the executive officers, (iv) coordinating evaluation procedures of the executive officers, (v) preparation of the plan of succession for members of the executive officers and (vi) monitoring the execution of human resources policies and practices and preparing improvement proposals when necessary. The members of this committee are Francisco Caprino Neto, Ricardo Carvalho Giambroni and Susana Hanna Stiphan Jabra.
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Related Parties Committee. Our Related Parties Committee is responsible for assisting the Board of Directors by: (i) evaluating the selection procedures of suppliers and third-party construction and other services from related parties and ensuring these transactions are conducted fairly and consistent with market practice and (ii) evaluating energy purchase or sale agreements with related parties ensuring these transactions are conducted fairly and consistent with market practice. The members of this committee are Francisco Caprino Neto, Luiz Cláudio da Silva Barros and Susana Hanna Stiphan Jabra.
In addition to the advisory committees, our Board of Directors has created six ad hoc commissions since 2006 (Corporate Governance Commission, Strategy Commission, Budget Commission, Financial Services Commission, Energy Acquisition Commission and Projects Evaluation Commission) and may create others.
Strategy Commission. Our Strategy Commission is responsible for assisting the Board of Directors with evaluating and improving our business strategy in order to meet our growth targets and long-term objectives.
Financial Services Commission. Our Financial Activities Commission is responsible for ensuring compliance and efficiency in our existing financial practices, as well as evaluating new opportunities for financial transactions that could benefit the company.
Corporate Governance Commission. Our Corporate Governance Commission is responsible for monitoring the implementation of our new corporate governance model and for suggesting potential improvements to the Board.
Budget Commission. Our Budget Commission is responsible for advising the Board of Directors on analyzing and setting our annual and long-term budgets.
Energy Acquisition Commission. Our Energy Acquisition Commission is responsible for advising the Board of Directors on analyzing the acquisition of energy originated from alternative and competitive sources by the subsidiaries of commercialization.
Projects Evaluation Commission. Our Project Commission is responsible for assisting the Board of Directors with evaluating new opportunities for distribution and generation of energy assets forecasted in the strategic planning.
Compensation
Under Brazilian Corporate Law, our shareholders are responsible for establishing the aggregate amount we pay to the members of our Board of Directors and our executive officers. Once our shareholders establish an aggregate amount of compensation for our Board of Directors and executive officers, the Human Resources Management Committee of our Board of Directors is then responsible for setting individual compensation levels.
For the year ended December 31, 2008, the aggregate compensation, including cash and benefits-in-kind, that we paid to the members of our Board of Directors and our executive officers was approximately R$12 million. For the same period, the total amount set aside or accrued by the company to provide pension, retirement or similar benefits was approximately R$398,000.
Share Ownership
The total number of common shares owned by our directors and executive officers as of May 31, 2009 was 34,414. None of our directors or executive officers beneficially owns one percent or more of our common shares.
Indemnification of Officers and Directors
Neither the laws of Brazil nor our bylaws provide for indemnification of directors or officers. We have held directors and officers liability insurance since February 2006.
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Employees
As of December 31, 2008, we had 7,119 full time employees (including the employees of our jointly-controlled subsidiaries). The following table sets forth the number of our employees and a breakdown of employees by category of activity as of the dates indicated in each area of our operations.
As of December 31, | ||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
Distribution | 5,717 | 5,958 | 4,790 | |||
Generation | 271 | 250 | 226 | |||
Commercialization | 242 | 256 | 183 | |||
Corporate staff | 889 | 712 | 637 | |||
Total | 7,119 | 7,176 | 5,836 | |||
A majority of our employees are members of unions, with which we have collective bargaining agreements. We renegotiate these agreements annually with the ten principal unions that represent our various employee groups. Salary increases are generally provided for on an annual basis. We believe that we have good relationships with our unions as evidenced by the fact that we have not had any labor strikes during the last fifteen years.
We provide a number of benefits to our employees. The most significant is the sponsorship of Fundação CESP, in partnership with ten other electrical companies, which supplements the Brazilian government retirement and health benefits available to the employees of our subsidiaries CPFL Paulista, CPFL Piratininga, CPFL Geração and CPFL Brasil.
In accordance with Brazilian law and our compensation policy, our employees are eligible for our profit sharing program. Our management must approve the amount of such compensation, which is determined in consultation with an employee committee. Funds are allocated to the employee profit sharing fund on an annual basis once we have achieved at least 80% of our projected profits for the year. In addition, we develop productivity and performance goals in conjunction with the unions. Achievement of these goals must reach at least 70% in order for the program to be fully funded. In 2008, we reserved R$ 35 million for our employee profit sharing program.
In addition, part of each employees compensation is linked to performance goals. Employees are evaluated based on criteria such as quality of work product, adherence to safety protocols and productivity. Our performance evaluation system is designed to evaluate required skill as well, and enables us to evaluate the development of our employees.
ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Major Shareholders
The following table sets forth information relating to the beneficial ownership of our common shares by our major shareholders (beneficial owners of 5% or more of our common shares) as of December 31, 2008. Percentages in the following table are based on 479,910,938 outstanding common shares.
Common Shares | (%) | |||
521 Participações S.A. (1) | 149,233,727 | 31.10 | ||
VBC Energia S.A. (2) | 133,653,591 | 27.85 | ||
Bonaire Participações S.A. (3) | 60,713,511 | 12.65 | ||
Bradespar S.A. (4) | 41,871,700 | 8.72 | ||
BNDES Participações S.A. (5) | 29,821,870 | 6.21 | ||
Executive officers and directors as a group | 34,264 | 0.01 | ||
Total | 415,328,663 | 86.54 | ||
(1) |
521 Participações S.A is a holding company controlled by PREVI, a pension fund sponsored by Banco do Brasil S.A. The Brazilian government owns a majority of the voting capital of Banco do Brasil. |
(2) | VBC Energia S.A. is controlled by the Brazilian group Camargo Corrêa through several companies: (i) Atila Holdings S.A., which is controlled by Construções e Comércio Camargo Corrêa S.A. (ii) Camargo Corrêa
Energia S.A., and (iii) Camargo Corrêa S.A. VBC Energia S.A. was also controlled by Votorantim Energia S.A. until January 2009. |
(3) | Bonaire Participações S.A. is a holding company controlled by Energia São Paulo Fundo de Investimento em Participações, whose ownership interest is controlled by four pension funds: (i) Fundação CESP,
primarily for employees of CPFL Energia, Companhia Energética de São Paulo (CESP), Eletropaulo Metropolitana Eletricidade de São Paulo S.A., Bandeirante Energia S.A. and Elektro Eletricidade e Serviços S.A., among other
Brazilian electricity companies; (ii) Fundação SISTEL de Seguridade Social, primarily for employees of CPqD (Centro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento), Telecomunicações Brasileiras S.A. Telebrás, Telemig Celular
S.A., Tele Norte Celular Participações S.A., Amazônia Celular S.A.; among others telecommunications companies; (iii) Fundação Petrobras de Seguridade Social - PETROS, primarily for employees of Petróleo
Brasileiro S.A.; and (iv) Fundação SABESP de Seguridade Social SABESPREV, primarily for employees of Companhia de Saneamento Básico do Estado de São Paulo SABESP. |
(4) | Bradespar S.A. is a beneficial owner of our common shares, which it indirectly holds through Antares Holdings Ltda. and Brumado Holdings S.A. |
(5) | BNDES Participações S.A. is a subsidiary of BNDES, a federal public bank linked to the Brazilian Ministry of Development, Industry and External Trade. |
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Shareholders Agreement
Voting Rights. Our shareholders agreement, among VBC, 521, Bonaire and us, as intervening and consenting party, governs control of CPFL and our subsidiaries. Under the shareholders agreement, certain actions require the approval of at least VBC and 521 (at least 80% of the shares subject to the shareholders agreement), including:
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The terms of our shareholders agreement relating to voting rights apply to our controlled companies and, to the fullest extent possible, to our investee companies.
Corporate Governance. Our Board of Directors consists of seven members, appointed as follows:
Our Fiscal Council consists of five members, appointed as follows:
The number of members of the Board of Directors and the Fiscal Council nominated by each party to the shareholders agreement is related to the current stakes of the parties in the controlling shareholder block. If a change in the stakes of any party in the enjoined shares occurs, the number of members for which such party has the right to nominate shall be adapted to reflect such modification so as to maintain unchanged the number of members nominated by the parties whose stakes relative to the total of enjoined shares have not been altered.
If the minority shareholders, exercising their rights under the corporate law, elect the independent director required by the Bovespas Novo Mercado Regulations, VBC, 521 and Bonaire must abstain from proposing a nominee for the position. If the minority shareholders do not elect the independent director, VBC, 521 and Bonaire shall by joint accord nominate such an independent director.
The shareholders agreement also establishes the framework of the Board of Directors and Board of Executive Officers of our subsidiaries. According to the agreement, the executive officers of the Company must be part of the Board of Directors of our subsidiaries.
Transfer of Shares. Our shareholders agreement provides for certain rights and obligations in the event of transfer of shares subject to the shareholders agreement, or subject shares, including:
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Change of Control. In the event of direct or indirect change of control of any of the parties subject to the shareholders agreement, the remaining parties have the right to acquire all subject shares held, directly or indirectly, by the party undergoing the change of control, paying for such shares an amount to be determined by a recognized financial institution.
Option Agreement
Our controlling shareholders are also party to an agreement pursuant to which they have granted to each other options to purchase their respective shares in us. In addition, this agreement provides for (i) certain notification requirements for secondary offerings of shares by such shareholders and (ii) priority to certain shareholders in the sale of shares in a secondary offering, if more than one shareholder participates in the offering and demand is less than the size of the offering.
Related Party Transactions
One of our principal shareholders is VBC. The controlling shareholder of VBC currently is the Camargo Corrêa Group and prior to January 2009 both Camargo Corrêa and the Votorantim Group were controlling shareholders. Camargo Corrêa Group is one of the largest privately-held industrial conglomerates in Brazil, with controlling equity interests in leading Brazilian engineering and construction, cement, footwear, and textiles companies. Camargo Corrêa Group also shares equity control of important Brazilian steel and highway concession companies, and it has equity participations in a significant Brazilian financial conglomerate and in a global aluminum company.
We acquired our interest in Semesa from VBC in December 2001 for R$496 million. The Semesa acquisition price is subject to adjustment, based on the assessment of Semesas assured energy. According to MME, the earliest that this assessment will take place is 2015.
We also conduct transactions with the shareholders of VBC and their affiliates, including the following:
Our subsidiaries CPFL Paulista, CPFL Piratininga, CPFL Geração and CPFL Brasil are sponsors of a pension fund administered by Fundação CESP, a pension fund services company that has an indirect ownership interest in one of our shareholders, Bonaire. See Note 29 of our Financial Statements concerning Related Party Transactions.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information
See Item Financial Statements.
Legal Proceedings
CPFL Paulista and CPFL Piratininga are parties to numerous lawsuits brought by industrial consumers alleging that certain tariff increases in the past were illegal in view of then prevailing economic regulations that had established a price freeze that included electricity tariffs. The aggregate potential liability was approximately R$88 million as of December 31, 2008. Superior courts have already decided many of these lawsuits partially against us, and as a result, we have provisioned the aggregate potential liability (approximately R$11 million) in respect of these suits.
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CPFL Paulista is party to an administrative proceeding before the Brazilian Antitrust Authority, Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica (CADE), where an investigation is being conducted into alleged anticompetitive behavior in connection with the installation of CPFL Paulistas electric grid. A judicial decision has postponed this proceeding since CPFL Paulista presented a proposal to enter into a settlement agreement (termo de cessação). Based on the opinion of external counsel, we consider the possibility of loss in this proceeding to be remote and, therefore, we have not made a provision in our financial statements in connection with this proceeding.
We are also subject to legal proceedings relating to the authorization of certain of our hydroelectric plants, including a class action proposed by the federal public attorneys office of the Municipality of Caxias do Sul challenging the validity of the environmental licensing of the Rio das Antas Hydroelectric Complex, and requesting injunctive relief against the construction of these plants. The federal public attorneys injunction request was denied in the lower courts and the district attorney moved against the denial, requesting a new injunction from the higher courts. The higher courts denied the injunction relief. No decision on the merits has been taken by the lower courts to date. We believe that the possibility of a loss is remote.
Semesa and Furnas were named defendants in a legal proceeding that sought remedial measures and the establishment of a nature reserve because of alleged harm caused by the construction and operation of the Serra da Mesa plant. The amount sought from Semesa totaled R$74 million. CPFL Geração assumed all of the outstanding obligations and potential liabilities of Semesa in March 2007. We believe that the risk of an adverse judgment with respect to this claim is possible. We have not established a provision with regard to this claim. If adverse judgment were entered against us, requiring us to purchase additional land and establish a preserve in the area surrounding our generation activities, the costs would be reflected in our property, plant and equipment.
CPFL Paulista is involved in a lawsuit challenging the deductibility of expenses recognized in 1997 related to a deficit from Fundação CESPs pension fund. Based on a favorable opinion that we received from the Brazilian Internal Revenue Office, CPFL Paulista deducted those expenses for purposes of income tax payments. In 2007, we made a judicial deposit in the amount of R$360 million (adjusted to R$415 million in 2008), which allows CPFL Paulista to proceed with the lawsuit without running the risk of any asset seizure by the tax authority. For the same reason, CPFL Paulista also entered into an agreement with a Brazilian bank to provide a letter of credit through which the bank will guarantee the payment of R$228 million. We believe that the possibility of a loss is remote.
We establish reserves in our balance sheets relating to potential losses from litigation based on estimates of such losses. For this purpose, we classify such losses as remote, possible or probable. Brazilian Accounting Principles and Brazilian law require us to establish reserves in connection with probable losses and therefore, it is our policy to establish reserves only in connection with those claims. As of December 31, 2008, our reserves for contingencies were approximately R$258 million. Our management believes that these proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, either individually or in the aggregate. See Note 20 to our audited consolidated financial statements for more information on the status of our litigation.
Dividend Policy
For our policy on dividend distributions, see Item 10. Additional InformationAllocation of Net Income and Distribution of Dividends.
Significant Changes
None.
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ITEM 9. THE OFFER AND LISTING
Trading Markets
Our common shares are listed on the BOVESPA, and our ADSs are listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Each ADS represents three shares.
Price Information
The table below sets forth reported high and low closing sale prices in reais per common share for the periods indicated. The table also sets forth prices in U.S. dollars per ADS based on information available from the New York Stock Exchange. See Item 3 Key InformationExchange Rates for information with respect to exchange rates applicable during the periods indicated below.
Reais per | U.S. dollars per | |||||||
Common share | ADS | |||||||
High | Low | High | Low | |||||
2006: | ||||||||
Fourth Quarter | 30.50 | 27.00 | 42.39 | 37.90 | ||||
2007: | ||||||||
First Quarter | 31.40 | 27.80 | 45.65 | 38.70 | ||||
Second Quarter | 39.30 | 29.01 | 61.69 | 42.75 | ||||
Third Quarter | 40.44 | 31.03 | 65.87 | 45.78 | ||||
Fourth Quarter | 38.90 | 33.33 | 67.28 | 55.12 | ||||
2008: | ||||||||
First Quarter | 38.81 | 29.75 | 70.27 | 51.68 | ||||
Second Quarter | 41.95 | 32.80 | 76.40 | 61.05 | ||||
Third Quarter | 39.41 | 28.41 | 74.40 | 46.23 | ||||
October | 37.00 | 26.83 | 57.02 | 35.27 | ||||
November | 33.98 | 29.30 | 46.90 | 38.27 | ||||
December | 35.37 | 30.15 | 43.57 | 37.70 | ||||
2009 | ||||||||
January | 31.17 | 29.75 | 42.26 | 37.50 | ||||
February | 31.45 | 29.55 | 41.25 | 35.42 | ||||
March | 31.50 | 28.50 | 42.21 | 35.45 | ||||
April | 35.20 | 31.90 | 47.68 | 41.95 | ||||
May | 34.27 | 31.42 | 49.24 | 46.32 | ||||
June (through June 18) | 32.70 | 31.06 | 51.86 | 47.61 |
Corporate Governance Practices
In 2000, the BOVESPA introduced three special listing segments, known as Level 1, Level 2 and the Novo Mercado, aiming at fostering a secondary market for securities issued by Brazilian companies with securities listed on the BOVESPA, by prompting such companies to follow good practices of corporate governance. The listing segments were designed for the trading of shares issued by companies voluntarily undertaking to abide by corporate governance practices and disclosure requirements in addition to those already imposed by Brazilian law. These rules generally increase shareholders rights and enhance the quality of information provided to shareholders and stakeholders.
In order to maintain high standards of corporate governance, we have signed an agreement with the BOVESPA to list our securities on the Novo Mercado.
In accordance with Section 303A.11 of the NYSE Listed Company Manual, we have posted a summary of significant differences between the NYSE corporate governance standards and our corporate governance practices on our website, at http://www.cpfl.com.br/ir.
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ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Memorandum and Articles of Incorporation
Corporate Purpose
Our corporate purpose, as defined by our bylaws, includes:
Qualification of Directors
Brazilian law provides that only shareholders of a company may be appointed to its board of directors, but there is no minimum share ownership or residency requirement for qualification as a director. Members of our board of executive officers must be Brazilian nationals and resident in Brazil. Our directors and executive officers are prevented from voting on any transaction involving companies in which they hold more than 10% of the total capital stock or of which they have held a management position in the period immediately prior to their taking office.
Allocation of Net Income and Distribution of Dividends
The discussion below summarizes the provisions of Brazilian law regarding the establishment of reserves by corporations and the distribution of dividends, including interest attributed to shareholders equity.
Mandatory Distribution
Brazilian Corporate Law generally requires that the bylaws of each Brazilian corporation specify a minimum percentage of the amounts available for distribution by such corporation for each fiscal year that must be distributed to shareholders as dividends, also known as the mandatory distribution.
The mandatory distribution is based on a percentage of adjusted net income, not lower than 25%, rather than a fixed monetary amount per share. Under our bylaws, at least 25% of our adjusted net income, as calculated under Brazilian Accounting Principles and adjusted under Brazilian Corporate Law, for the preceding fiscal year must be distributed as a mandatory annual dividend. Adjusted net income means the distributable amount before any deductions for statutory reserves and reserves for investment projects.
Brazilian Corporate Law permits the suspension of the mandatory distribution of dividends in any fiscal year in which the management bodies report to the shareholders meeting that the distribution would be inadvisable in view of the companys financial condition. The suspension is subject to approval by the shareholders meeting and review by members of the fiscal council. The law does not establish the circumstances in which payment of the mandatory dividend would be inadvisable based on the companys financial condition. In the case of publicly held corporations, the board of directors must file a justification for such suspension with the CVM within five days of the relevant general meeting. If the mandatory distribution is not paid, the unpaid amount must be attributed to a special reserve account. If not absorbed by subsequent losses, those funds must be paid out as dividends as soon as the financial condition of the company permits. Under Brazilian Corporate Law, the shareholders of a publicly-held company may also decide to distribute dividends in an amount lower than the mandatory distribution.
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Payment of Dividends
We are required by Brazilian Corporate Law to hold an annual general shareholders meeting by no later than April 30 of each year, at which the shareholders have to decide on the payment of an annual dividend. Additionally, interim dividends may be declared by our Board of Directors. Pursuant to our charter, we are required to pay a mandatory annual dividend of at least 25% of our adjusted net income. Any holder of record of shares at the time of a dividend declaration is entitled to receive dividends. Dividends on shares held through a depositary are paid to the depositary for further distribution to the shareholders. Under Brazilian Corporate Law, dividends are generally required to be paid to the holder of record on a dividend declaration date within 60 days following the date the dividend was declared, unless a shareholders resolution sets forth another date of payment, which, in either case, must occur prior to the end of the fiscal year in which such dividend was declared. Pursuant to our bylaws, unclaimed dividends do not bear interest, are not monetarily adjusted and revert to us three years after the date when we begin to pay such declared dividends.
In general, shareholders who are not residents of Brazil must register their equity investment with the Central Bank to have dividends, sales proceeds or other amounts with respect to their shares eligible to be remitted outside of Brazil. The common shares underlying the ADSs are held in Brazil by Banco Bradesco S.A., as the custodian for the depositary, that is the registered owner on the records of the registrar for our shares. The current registrar is Banco Bradesco S.A. The depositary registers the common shares underlying the ADSs with the Central Bank and, therefore, is able to have dividends, sales proceeds or other amounts with respect to the common shares remitted outside Brazil.
Payments of cash dividends and distributions, if any, are made in reais to the custodian on behalf of the depositary, which then converts such proceeds into U.S. dollars for distribution to holders of ADSs. In the event that the custodian is unable to convert immediately the Brazilian currency received as dividends into U.S. dollars, the amount of U.S. dollars payable to holders of ADSs may be adversely affected by depreciations of the Brazilian currency that occur before the dividends are converted. Dividends paid to persons who are not Brazilian residents, including holders of ADSs, are not subject to Brazilian withholding tax, except for dividends declared based on profits generated prior to December 31, 1995, which are subject to Brazilian withholding income tax at varying tax rates. See TaxationBrazilian Tax Considerations.
Holders of ADSs have the benefit of the electronic registration obtained from the Central Bank, which permits the depositary and the custodian to convert dividends and other distributions or sales proceeds with respect to the common shares represented by ADSs into foreign currency and remits the proceeds outside of Brazil. In the event the holder exchanges the ADSs for common shares, the holder will be entitled to continue to rely on the depositarys certificate of registration for five business days after the exchange. Thereafter, in order to convert foreign currency and remit outside Brazil the sales proceeds or distributions with respect to the common shares, the holder must obtain a new certificate of registration in its own name that will permit the conversion and remittance of such payments through the foreign exchange market.
If the holder is not a duly qualified investor and does not obtain an electronic certificate of foreign capital registration, a special authorization from the Central Bank must be obtained in order to remit from Brazil any payments with respect to the common shares through the foreign exchange market. Without this special authorization, the holder may currently remit payments with respect to the common shares through the floating rate exchange market, although no assurance can be given that the floating rate exchange market will be accessible for these purposes in the future.
In addition, a holder who is not a duly qualified investor and who has not obtained an electronic certificate of foreign capital registration or a special authorization from the Central Bank may remit these payments by international transfer of Brazilian currency pursuant to CMN Resolution No. 3,265, dated March 4, 2005, and Central Bank Circular No. 3,280, dated March 9, 2005, as amended. In order to effect the international transfer of Brazilian currency the holder must have a special non-resident bank account in Brazil, through which the subsequent conversion of such Brazilian currency into U.S. dollars is effected.
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Under current Brazilian legislation, the Brazilian government may impose temporary restrictions of foreign capital abroad in the event of a serious imbalance or an anticipated serious imbalance of Brazils balance of payments (see Item 3. Key InformationRisk FactorsRisks Relating to the ADSs and Our Common Shares.)
Interest Attributable to Shareholders Equity
Under Brazilian tax legislation, Brazilian companies are permitted to pay interest to holders of equity securities and treat such payments as an expense for Brazilian income tax purposes and for social contribution purposes. Payment of such interest may be made at the discretion of our Board of Directors, subject to the approval of the shareholders at a general shareholders meeting. In order to calculate this interest on shareholders equity, the TJLP is applied to shareholders equity for the applicable period. The amount of any such notional interest payment to holders of equity securities is generally limited in respect of any particular year to the greater of:
For accounting purposes, although the interest charge must be reflected in the statement of operations to be tax-deductible, the charge is reversed before calculating net income in the statutory financial statements and deducted from shareholders equity in a manner similar to a dividend. Any payment of interest in respect of common shares (including the holders of the ADSs) is subject to Brazilian withholding tax at the rate of 15%, or 25% in the case of a shareholder domiciled in a tax haven. See TaxationBrazilian Tax Considerations. If such payments are accounted for, at their net value, as part of any mandatory dividend, the tax is paid by the company on behalf of its shareholders, upon distribution of the interest. If we distribute interest attributed to shareholders equity in any year, and that distribution is not accounted for as part of mandatory distribution, Brazilian income tax would be borne by the shareholders.
Under our bylaws, interest attributable to shareholders equity may be treated as a dividend for purposes of the mandatory dividend.
We distributed R$1,208 million to our shareholders from our 2008 net income. Of this amount, R$602 million, or R$1.2535168 per common share, was paid as an interim dividend on September 30, 2008 and R$606 million was paid as supplemental divided on April 30, 2009.
Dividend Policy
We intend to declare and pay dividends and/or interest attributed to shareholders equity in amounts of at least 50% of our adjusted net income, in semi-annual installments. The amount of any of our distributions of dividends and/or interest attributed to shareholders equity will depend on a series of factors, such as our financial conditions, prospects, macroeconomic conditions, tariff adjustments, regulatory changes, growth strategies and other matters our Board of Directors and our shareholders may consider relevant. In addition, covenants contained in our debt instruments may limit the amount of dividends and/or interest attributable to shareholders equity that we may make. Within the context of our tax planning, we may in the future determine that it is to our benefit to distribute interest attributable to shareholders equity in lieu of dividends.
Our Board of Directors may approve the distribution of dividends and/or interest attributed to shareholders equity, calculated based on our annual or semi-annual financial statements or on financial statements relating to shorter periods, or also based on accrued profits recorded or on profits allocated to non-profits reserve accounts in the annual or semi-annual financial statements. The declaration of annual dividends, including dividends in excess of the mandatory distribution, requires approval by the vote of the majority of the holders of our common shares.
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Shareholder Meetings
Actions to be taken at our shareholders meetings
At our shareholder meetings, shareholders are generally empowered to take any action relating to our corporate purpose and to pass such resolutions as they deem necessary. The approval of our financial statements and the determination of the allocation of our net profits with respect to each fiscal year takes place at the annual shareholder meeting immediately following such fiscal year. The election of our directors and members of our fiscal council, if the requisite shareholders request its establishment, typically takes place at the annual shareholders meeting, although under Brazilian law it may also occur at a special shareholders meeting.
A special shareholders meeting may be held concurrently with the annual shareholders meeting. The following actions may only be taken at a special shareholders meeting:
According to Brazilian Corporate Law, neither a companys bylaws nor actions taken at a shareholders meeting may deprive a shareholder of some specific rights, such as:
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Quorum
As a general rule, Brazilian Corporate Law provides that a quorum at a shareholders meeting consists of shareholders representing at least 25% of a companys issued and outstanding voting capital on the first call and, if that quorum is not reached, any percentage on the second call. A quorum for the purposes of amending our bylaws consists of shareholders representing at least two-thirds of our issued and outstanding voting capital on the first call and any percentage on the second call.
As a general rule, the affirmative vote of shareholders representing at least the majority of our issued and outstanding common shares present in person or represented by proxy at a shareholders meeting is required to ratify any proposed action, with abstentions not taken into account. However, the affirmative vote of shareholders representing one-half of our issued and outstanding voting capital is required to:
According to our bylaws and for so long as we are listed on the Novo Mercado, we may not issue preferred shares or founders shares and, to delist ourselves from the Novo Mercado, we will have to conduct a tender offer.
Notice of our Shareholders Meetings
Notice of our shareholders meetings must be published at least three times in the Diário Oficial do Estado de São Paulo, the official newspaper of the State of São Paulo, and in the newspaper Valor Econômico. The first notice must be published no later than 15 days before the date of the meeting on the first call, and no later than eight days before the date of the meeting on the second call. However, in certain circumstances, the CVM may require that the first notice be published 30 days in advance of the meeting.
Location of our Shareholders Meetings
Our shareholders meetings take place at our head offices in the city of São Paulo, State of São Paulo. Brazilian Corporate Law allows our shareholders to hold meetings outside our head offices in the event of force majeure, provided that the meetings are held in the City of São Paulo and the relevant notice contains a clear indication of the place where the meeting will occur.
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Who May Call our Shareholders Meetings
In addition to our Board of Directors, shareholders meetings may also be called by:
Conditions of Admission
Shareholders attending our shareholders meeting must provide their identification cards and produce proof of ownership of the shares they intend to vote.
A shareholder may be represented at a shareholders meeting by a proxy, as long as the proxy is appointed less than a year before the shareholders meeting. The proxy must be a shareholder, an officer of the corporation, a lawyer or a financial institution. An investment fund must be represented by its investment fund officer. A proxy must deposit with the company proof of its appointment at least 24 hours before our shareholders meetings.
The Company adopted a Manual for Participation in General Shareholders Meetings, to provide, in a clear and summarized form, information relating to the Companys Shareholders General Meeting of April 9, 2008, to encourage and facilitate the participation of all shareholders. This manual includes a standard power of attorney, which may be used by shareholders who are unable to be present at the meetings to appoint an attorney in fact to exercise their voting rights with regard to issues on the agenda.
Voting Rights of ADS Holders
ADS holders may instruct the depositary to vote the number of common shares that their ADSs represent. The depositary will notify those holders of shareholders meetings and arrange to deliver our voting materials to them upon our request. Those materials will describe the matters to be voted on and explain how the ADS holders may instruct the depositary how to vote. For instructions to be valid, they must reach the depositary by a date set by the depositary.
We cannot assure ADS holders that they will receive the voting materials or otherwise learn of an upcoming shareholders meeting in time to ensure that they can instruct the depositary to vote their common shares. In addition, the depositary and its agents are not responsible for failing to carry out voting instructions or for the manner of carrying out voting instructions. This means that ADS holders may not be able to exercise their right to vote and there may be nothing that they can do if their shares are not voted as they requested.
Preemptive Rights
Our shareholders have a general preemptive right to subscribe for shares in any capital increase according to the proportion of their shareholdings. Our shareholders also have a general preemptive right to subscribe for any convertible debentures, rights to acquire our shares and subscription warrants that we may issue. In accordance with our bylaws, a period of at least 30 days, in the case of a private placement, and 10 days, in the case of a public offering, following the publication of notice of the capital increase is allowed for the exercise of the preemptive right. Under Brazilian Corporate Law, holders are permitted to transfer or dispose of their preemptive right for consideration.
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In addition, Brazilian Corporate Law allows for companies bylaws to give the board of directors the power to exclude preemptive rights or reduce the exercise period of such rights with respect to the issuance of new shares, debentures convertible into shares and subscription warrants up to the limit of the authorized share capital if the distribution of those shares is effected through a stock exchange, through a public offering or through an exchange of shares in a public offering the purpose of which is to acquire control of another company. Our bylaws currently have no such provision.
Withdrawal Rights
Brazilian Corporate Law grants our shareholders the right to withdraw from the company in case they disagree with decisions taken in shareholders meetings concerning the following matters: (i) the reduction of mandatory dividends; (ii) the merger of the company; (iii) the change of the corporate purpose of the company; or (iv) a spin-off of the company (if such spin-off changes the companys corporate purpose, reduces mandatory dividends or results in the company joining a group of entities). Even shareholders who did not vote or were not present at the relevant meeting may exercise this withdrawal right.
If our shareholders wish to withdraw from the company due to a merger, such right may only be exercised provided that the companys shares have no liquidity in the market.
The withdrawal right entitles the shareholder to the reimbursement of the value of its shares, upon request within 30 days of the publication of notice of the shareholders meeting. After such term, the companys management bodies may choose to call a general meeting to ratify or reconsider the decision which triggered the withdrawal rights, should the payment of such rights threaten the financial stability of the company.
Material Contracts
For information concerning our material contracts, see Item 4. Information on the Company and Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects.
Exchange Controls and Other Limitations Affecting Security Holders
There are no restrictions on ownership of our capital stock by individuals or legal entities domiciled outside Brazil. However, the right to convert dividend payments and proceeds from the sale of common shares into foreign currency and to remit such amounts outside Brazil is subject to restrictions under foreign investment legislation which generally requires, among other things, that the relevant investment be registered with the Central Bank. These restrictions on the remittance of foreign capital abroad could hinder or prevent the custodian for the common shares represented by American Depositary Shares, or holders who have exchanged American Depositary Shares for common shares, from converting dividends, distributions or the proceeds from any sale of common shares into U.S. dollars and remitting such U.S. dollars abroad. Delays in, or refusal to grant any required government approval for conversions of Brazilian currency payments and remittances abroad of amounts owed to holders of American Depositary Shares could adversely affect holders of American depositary receipts.
Resolution No. 1,927/1992 of the National Monetary Council, which is the restated and amended Annex V to Resolution No. 1,289/1997, which we call the Annex V Regulations, provides for the issuance of depositary receipts in foreign markets in respect of shares of Brazilian issuers. It provides that the proceeds from the sale of American Depositary Shares by holders of American depositary receipts outside Brazil are free of Brazilian foreign investment controls and holders of American Depositary Shares who are not resident in a tax haven jurisdiction (i.e. a country or location that does not impose taxes on income or where the maximum income tax rate is lower than 20%, or where the legislation imposes restrictions on disclosure of the shareholding composition or the ownership of the investment) will be entitled to favorable tax treatment.
An electronic registration has been issued by the custodian in the name of The Bank of New York, the depositary, with respect to the American Depositary Shares. Pursuant to this electronic registration, the custodian and the depositary are able to convert dividends and other distributions with respect to the common shares represented by American Depositary Shares into foreign currency and to remit the proceeds outside Brazil. If a holder exchanges American Depositary Shares for common shares, the holder may continue to rely on the custodians electronic registration for only five business days after the exchange. After that, the holder must seek to obtain its own electronic registration with the Central Bank under Law No. 4,131/1962 or Resolution No. 2,689/2000. Thereafter, unless the holder has registered its investment with the Central Bank, such holder may not convert into foreign currency and remit outside Brazil the proceeds from the disposition of, or distributions with respect to, such common shares. A holder that obtains an electronic registration generally will be subject to less favorable Brazilian tax treatment than a holder of American Depositary Shares. See TaxationBrazilian Tax Considerations.
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Under Brazilian law, whenever there is a serious imbalance in Brazils balance of payments or reasons to foresee a serious imbalance, the Brazilian government may impose temporary restrictions on the remittance to foreign investors of the proceeds of their investments in Brazil, and on the conversion of Brazilian currency into foreign currencies. Such restrictions may hinder or prevent the custodian or holders who have exchanged American Depositary Shares for underlying common shares from converting distributions or the proceeds from any sale of such shares, as the case may be, into U.S. dollars and remitting such U.S. dollars abroad.
Taxation
The following summary contains a description of the material Brazilian and U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of common shares or ADSs, but it does not purport to be a comprehensive description of all the tax considerations that may be relevant to a decision to purchase common shares or ADSs. The summary is based upon the tax laws of Brazil and regulations thereunder and on the tax laws of the United States and regulations thereunder as in effect on the date hereof, which are subject to change. Holders of common shares or ADSs should consult their own tax advisors as to the tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of common shares or ADSs.
Although there is at present no income tax treaty between Brazil and the United States, the tax authorities of the two countries have had discussions that may culminate in such a treaty. No assurance can be given, however, as to whether or when a treaty will enter into force or how it will affect the U.S. holders of common shares or ADSs. Prospective holders of common shares or ADSs should consult their own tax advisors as to the tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of common shares or ADSs in their particular circumstances.
Brazilian Tax Considerations
The following discussion summarizes the material Brazilian tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of our common shares or ADSs by a holder that is not domiciled in Brazil for purposes of Brazilian taxation, or a Non-Brazilian Holder.
Pursuant to Brazilian law, foreign investors may invest in the common shares under Resolution No. 2,689 of the National Monetary Council, or Resolution No. 2,689.
Resolution No. 2,689 allows foreign investors to invest in almost all financial assets and to engage in almost all transactions available in the Brazilian financial and capital markets, provided that some requirements are fulfilled. In accordance with Resolution No. 2,689, the definition of foreign investor includes individuals, legal entities, mutual funds and other collective investment entities, domiciled or headquartered abroad.
Pursuant to Resolution No. 2,689, foreign investors must: (i) appoint at least one representative in Brazil with powers to perform actions relating to the foreign investment; (ii) complete the appropriate foreign investor registration form; (iii) register as a foreign investor with the CVM; and (iv) register the foreign investment with the Central Bank.
Securities and other financial assets held by foreign investors pursuant to Resolution No. 2,689 must be registered or maintained in deposit accounts or under the custody of an entity duly licensed by the Central Bank or the CVM. In addition, securities trading is restricted to transactions carried out in the stock exchanges or organized over-the-counter markets licensed by the CVM, except for transfers resulting from a corporate reorganization, occurring upon the death of an investor by operation of law or will or as a consequence of the delisting of the relevant shares from a stock exchange and the cancellation of the registration with the CVM.
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Taxation of Dividends
Dividends, including dividends in kind, paid by us to the depositary in respect of the common shares underlying the ADSs or to a Non-Brazilian Holder in respect of common shares generally will not be subject to Brazilian withholding income tax provided that they are paid out of profits generated as of or after January 1, 1996. Dividends relating to profits generated prior to December 31, 1995 are subject to Brazilian withholding tax from 15% to 25% according to the tax legislation applicable to each corresponding year in which the profits have been earned.
Taxation of Gains
ADSs. According to applicable Brazilian law (Law No. 10,833/2003), capital gains arising from transactions between two non-resident parties, involving assets situated in Brazil, are subject to Brazilian withholding income tax, at a rate of 15% (25% in case the seller is situated in a tax haven jurisdiction). Arguably, the gains realized by a Non-Brazilian Holder on the disposition of ADSs to another non-Brazilian resident should not be taxed in Brazil, based on the idea that ADSs would not constitute assets located in Brazil for purposes of Law No. 10,833/2003. However, we cannot assure you of how Brazilian courts would interpret the definition of assets located in Brazil in connection with the taxation of gains realized by a Non- Brazilian Holder on the disposition of ADSs to another non-Brazilian resident. Thus, the gain on a disposition of ADSs by a Non-Brazilian Holder to a resident in Brazil (or possibly to a Non-Brazilian Holder), in the event that courts determine that ADSs constitute assets located in Brazil, may be subject to income tax in Brazil according to the rules described below for the common shares. Non-Brazilian Holders should consult their own tax advisor concerning the tax consequences of a sale of ADSs in Brazil.
Although there are grounds to sustain otherwise, the deposit of common shares in exchange for ADSs may be subject to Brazilian withholding tax, if the acquisition cost of the common shares is lower than (i) the average price per common share on a Brazilian stock exchange on which the greatest number of such shares were sold on the day of deposit; or (ii) if no common shares were sold on that day, the average price on the Brazilian stock exchange on which the greatest number of common shares were sold in the 15 trading sessions immediately preceding such deposit. In such case, the difference between the acquisition cost and the average price of the common shares calculated as above will be considered to be a capital gain subject to income tax at a rate of 15% or 25% in the case of investors located in a tax haven jurisdiction (if the common shares are held by an investor registered under Resolution 2,689 that is not resident in a tax haven jurisdiction, and the sale is performed on the stock exchange, however, any gain will be tax exempt from income tax in such transaction).
The withdrawal of common shares upon cancellation of ADSs is not subject to Brazilian income tax, as long as the regulatory rules are appropriately observed with respect to the registration of the investment before the Central Bank.
Common Shares. As a general rule, gains realized by Non-Brazilian Holders on any disposition of common shares are subject to income tax at a rate of 15%, regardless of whether the sale or the disposition is made by the Non-Brazilian Holder to a resident or non-resident in Brazil, or if the transaction is conducted in Brazil or abroad, except for the specific cases described below.
Gains realized on any disposition of common shares by Non-Brazilian Holders who are resident in a jurisdiction that is deemed to be a tax haven jurisdiction under Brazilian law (i.e., a country that does not impose any income tax or that imposes tax at a maximum rate of less than 20%, or which laws impose restrictions on disclosure of ownership composition or securities ownership such that the identification of the beneficial owner of income is not permitted) are subject to income tax at a rate of 25%.
Gains realized on sales or disposition of common shares carried out on the Brazilian stock exchange by Non-Brazilian Holders who are not resident in a tax haven jurisdiction are exempt from income tax, if such Non- Brazilian Holder is registered under Resolution 2,689. If the Non-Brazilian Holder is a resident of a tax haven or is not registered under Resolution 2,689, the gain realized on such sale or disposition of common shares is subject to income tax at a rate of 15%. In these cases, a withholding income tax of 0.005% on the sale value shall be applicable and can be offset with the eventual income tax due on the capital gain.
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Gains on the disposition of common shares are measured by the difference between the amount in Brazilian currency obtained from the sale or exchange of the shares and their acquisition cost in Brazilian currency, without any monetary adjustment. However, for Non-Brazilian Holders with a direct investment in common shares registered as foreign capital with the Central Bank of Brazil, the acquisition cost should be measured in foreign currency, converted into reais at the date of the sale.
Exercise of Preemptive Rights. Any exercise of preemptive rights relating to the common shares or ADSs will not be subject to Brazilian taxation. Any gain on the sale or assignment of preemptive rights relating to common shares by the depositary on behalf of holders of ADSs will be subject to Brazilian income taxation according to the same rules applicable to the sale or disposition of common shares.
Interest Attributable to Shareholders Equity. Payments of interest on shareholders equity to shareholders who are either Brazilian residents or non-Brazilian residents, including holders of ADSs, are subject to Brazilian income withholding tax at the rate of 15%, or 25% for shareholders domiciled in a tax haven jurisdiction. If such payments are accounted for, at their net value, as part of any mandatory dividend, the tax is paid by the company on behalf of its shareholders, upon payment of the interest. If we pay interest on shareholders equity in any year, and that payment is not accounted for as part of a mandatory dividend distribution, Brazilian income tax would be borne by the shareholders.
The payment of interest on shareholders equity may be recommended by our Board of Directors and needs to be approved by our general shareholders meeting. We cannot assure you that our Board of Directors will not recommend that future distributions of profits may be made by means of interest on shareholders equity instead of by means of dividends.
Tax on foreign exchange transactions
The conversion of foreign currency into Brazilian reais as well as the conversion of Brazilian reais into foreign currency are subject to a tax on foreign exchange transactions (IOF/Exchange). The rate of such tax varies according to the nature of the transaction, as follows:
The IOF/Exchange may be changed at any time, up to 25%, upon the discretion of the President. Any such increase, although immediately applicable, would only apply to future transactions.
Tax on transactions involving bonds and securities
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Brazilian law imposes a tax on transactions involving bonds and securities (the IOF/Bonds Tax), including those carried out on Brazilian stock, futures or commodities exchanges. The IOF/Bonds Tax is currently reduced to zero in all transactions, except redemption of fixed yield investments lasting less than 30 days. However, this rate may be increased at any time to up to 1.5% per day by the President, but only with respect to future transactions. Currently, this tax is reduced to zero on all transactions involving stocks.
Other Relevant Brazilian Taxes
There are no Brazilian inheritance, gift or succession taxes applicable to the ownership, transfer or disposition of common shares or ADSs by a Non-Brazilian Holder except for gift and inheritance taxes levied by certain Brazilian states on gifts or inheritance bestowed by individuals or entities not resident or domiciled in Brazil or not domiciled within that state, to individuals or entities resident or domiciled within in that Brazilian state. There are no Brazilian stamp, issue, registration or similar taxes or duties payable by holders of common shares or ADSs.
U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences
The statements regarding U.S. tax law set forth below are based on U.S. law as in force on the date of this prospectus, and changes to such law subsequent to the date of this annual report may affect the tax consequences described herein. This summary describes the material tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of common shares or ADSs, but it does not purport to be a comprehensive description of all of the tax consequences that may be relevant to a decision to hold or dispose of common shares or ADSs, including tax considerations that arise from rules of general application to all taxpayers or to certain classes of investors or that are generally assumed to be known by investors. This summary applies only to holders of common shares or ADSs who hold the common shares or ADSs as capital assets and does not apply to special classes of holders such as dealers in securities or currencies, holders whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar, holders of 10% or more of our shares (taking into account shares held directly or through depositary arrangements), tax-exempt organizations, financial institutions, holders liable for the alternative minimum tax, securities traders who elect to account for their investment in common shares or ADSs on a mark-to-market basis, partnerships or other pass-through entities, insurance companies, U.S. expatriates, and persons holding common shares or ADSs in a hedging transaction or as part of a straddle or conversion transaction.
Each holder should consult such holders own tax advisor concerning the overall tax consequences to it, including the consequences under laws other than U.S. federal income tax laws, of an investment in common shares or ADSs.
In this discussion, references to ADSs also refer to common shares (unless stated otherwise), and references to a U.S. holder are to a holder of an ADS (i) that is an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States of America, (ii) that is a corporation, or any other entity taxable as a corporation, organized under the laws of the United States of America or any state thereof, including the District of Columbia, or (iii) that is otherwise subject to U.S. federal income taxation on a net basis with respect to the ADSs.
For purposes of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, holders of ADSs will be treated as owners of the common shares represented by such ADSs.
Taxation of Distributions. A U.S. holder will recognize ordinary dividend income for U.S. federal income tax purposes in an amount equal to the amount of any cash and the value of any property distributed by us as a dividend, when such distribution is received by the custodian (or by the U.S. holder in the case of a holder of common shares). The amount of any distribution will include the amount of Brazilian tax withheld on the amount distributed, and the amount of a distribution paid in reais will be measured by reference to the exchange rate for converting reais into U.S. dollars in effect on the date the distribution is received by the custodian (or by a U.S. holder in the case of a holder of common shares). If the custodian (or U.S. holder in the case of a holder of common shares) does not convert such reais into U.S. dollars on the date it receives them, it is possible that the U.S. holder will recognize foreign currency loss or gain, which would be ordinary loss or gain, when the reais are converted into U.S. dollars. Dividends paid by us will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction allowed to corporations under the Code.
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Subject to certain exceptions for short-term and hedged positions, the U.S. dollar amount of dividends received by an individual prior to January 1, 2011 with respect to the ADSs will be subject to taxation at a maximum rate of 15% if the dividends are qualified dividends. Dividends paid on the ADSs will be treated as qualified dividends if (i) the ADSs are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States and (ii) the Company was not, in the year prior to the year in which the dividend was paid, and is not, in the year in which the dividend is paid, a passive foreign investment company (PFIC). The ADSs are listed on the New York Stock Exchange, and will qualify as readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States so long as they are so listed. Based on our audited financial statements and relevant market and shareholder data, we believe that we were not treated as a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes with respect to our 2008 taxable year. In addition, based on our audited financial statements and current expectations regarding the value and nature of our assets, the sources and nature of our income, and relevant market and shareholder data, we do not anticipate becoming a PFIC for our 2009 taxable year.
Based on existing guidance, it is not entirely clear whether dividends received with respect to the common shares will be treated as qualified dividends, because the common shares are not themselves listed on a U.S. exchange. In addition, the U.S. Treasury has announced its intention to promulgate rules pursuant to which holders of ADSs or common shares and intermediaries through whom such securities are held will be permitted to rely on certifications from issuers to establish that dividends are treated as qualified dividends. Because such procedures have not yet been issued, it is not clear whether we will be able to comply with them. Holders of ADSs and common shares should consult their own tax advisers regarding the availability of the reduced dividend tax rate in the light of their own particular circumstances.
Distributions out of earnings and profits with respect to the ADSs generally will be treated as dividend income from sources outside of the United States and generally will be treated separately along with other items of passive income for purposes of determining the credit for foreign income taxes allowed under the Code. Subject to certain limitations, Brazilian income tax withheld in connection with any distribution with respect to the ADSs may be claimed as a credit against the U.S. federal income tax liability of a U.S. holder if such U.S. holder elects for that year to credit all foreign income taxes. Alternatively such Brazilian withholding tax may be taken as a deduction against taxable income if the U.S. holder does not take a credit for any foreign income tax during the taxable year. Foreign tax credits will not be allowed for withholding taxes imposed in respect of certain short-term or hedged positions in securities and may not be allowed in respect of certain arrangements in which a U.S. holders expected economic profit is insubstantial. U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisors concerning the implications of these rules in light of their particular circumstances.
Distributions of additional shares to holders with respect to their ADSs that are made as part of a pro rata distribution to all our shareholders generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax.
Holders of ADSs that are foreign corporations or nonresident alien individuals, which we call non-U.S. holders, generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax or withholding tax on distributions with respect to ADSs that are treated as dividend income for U.S. federal income tax purposes unless such dividends are effectively connected with the conduct by such holders of a trade or business in the United States.
Taxation of Capital Gains. Upon the sale or other disposition of an ADS, a U.S. holder will generally recognize gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The amount of the gain or loss will be equal to the difference between the amount realized in consideration for the disposition of the ADS (including the gross amount of the proceeds before the deduction of any Brazilian tax) and the U.S. holders tax basis in the ADS. Such gain or loss generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax and will be treated as capital gain or loss and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the ADS has been held for more than one year. The net amount of long-term capital gain recognized by an individual holder is taxed at a reduced rate. Capital losses may be deducted from taxable income, subject to certain limitations. Gain realized by a U.S. holder on a sale or disposition of ADSs generally will be treated as U.S. source income. Consequently, if Brazilian tax is imposed on such gain, the U.S. holder will not be able to use the corresponding foreign tax credit, unless the holder has other foreign source income of the appropriate type in respect of which the credit may be used. Alternatively such Brazilian tax may be taken as a deduction against taxable income if the U.S. holder does not take a credit for any foreign income tax during the taxable year.
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A non-U.S. holder will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax or withholding tax on gain realized on the sale or other disposition of an ADS unless (i) such gain is effectively connected with the conduct by the holder of a trade or business in the United States, or (ii) such holder is an individual who is present in the United States of America for 183 days or more in the taxable year of the sale and certain other conditions are met.
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
Dividends paid on, and proceeds from the sale or other disposition of, the ADSs to a U.S. holder generally may be subject to the information reporting requirements of the Code and may be subject to backup withholding unless the U.S. holder provides an accurate taxpayer identification number or otherwise establishes an exemption. The amount of any backup withholding collected from a payment to a U.S. holder will be allowed as a credit against the U.S. holders U.S. federal income tax liability and may entitle the U.S. holder to a refund, provided that certain required information is furnished to the Internal Revenue Service.
A non-U.S. holder generally will be exempt from these information reporting requirements and backup withholding tax, but may be required to comply with certain certification and identification procedures in order to establish its eligibility for such exemption.
Documents on Display
Statements contained in this annual report regarding the contents of any contract or other document are not necessarily complete, and, where the contract or other document is an exhibit to the annual report, each of these statements is qualified in all respects by the provisions of the actual contract or other documents.
We are subject to the information requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, applicable to a foreign private issuer, and accordingly, we file or furnish reports, information statements and other information with the SEC. Reports and other information filed by us with the SEC can be inspected at, and subject to the payment of any required fees, copies may be obtained from, the public reference facilities of the SEC, 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Our filings will also be available at the SECs website at http://www.sec.gov.
Reports and other information may also be inspected and copied at the offices of the New York Stock Exchange, 20 Broad Street, New York, New York 10005. As a foreign private issuer, however, we are exempt from the proxy requirements of Section 14 of the Exchange Act and from the short-swing profit recovery rules of Section 16 of the Exchange Act.
Our website is located at http://www.cpfl.com.br and our investor relations website is located at http://www.cpfl.com.br/ir. (These URLs are intended to be an inactive textual reference only. They are not intended to be an active hyperlink to our website. The information on our website, which might be accessible through a hyperlink resulting from this URL, is not and shall not be deemed to be, incorporated into this annual report.)
ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are exposed to market risk from changes in both foreign currency exchange rates and rates of interest and indexation. We have foreign exchange rate risk with respect to our debt denominated in U.S. dollars and Japanese yens. We are subject to market risk deriving from changes in rates which affect the cost of our financing.
Exchange Rate Risk
At December 31, 2008, we had outstanding approximately R$1,670 million of indebtedness denominated in foreign currencies, including U.S. dollars and Japanese yen, and R$127 million of indebtedness denominated in Brazilian reais, but partially indexed to the U.S. dollar. Also at December 31, 2008, we had swap agreements that offset the exchange rate risk with respect to R$1,673 million of those amounts. The potential loss to us that would result from a hypothetical unfavorable 10% change in foreign currency exchange rates, after giving effect to the swaps, would be approximately R$12 million, primarily due to the increase in real terms in the principal amount of our foreign currency indebtedness. The total increase in our foreign currency indebtedness would be reflected as an expense in our income statement.
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Risk of Index Variation
We have indebtedness and financial assets that are denominated in reais and that bear interest at variable rates or, in some cases, are indexed. We also have swaps that convert some U.S.dollar-denominated indebtedness to reais at variable interest rates. The interest or indexation rates include several different Brazilian money-market rates and inflation rates. At December 31, 2008, the amount of such liabilities, net of such assets and after giving effect to swaps, was R$5,388 million.
A hypothetical, instantaneous and unfavorable change of 100 basis points in rates applicable to floating rate financial assets and liabilities held at December 31, 2008, would result in a net additional cash outflow of approximately R$54 million. This sensitivity analysis is based on the assumption of an unfavorable 100 basis point movement of the interest rates applicable to each homogeneous category of financial assets and liabilities. A homogeneous category is defined according to the currency in which financial assets and liabilities are denominated and assumes the same interest rate movement within each homogeneous category (e.g., U.S. dollars). As a result, our interest rate risk sensitivity model may overstate the impact of interest rate fluctuations for such financial instruments as consistently unfavorable movements of all interest rates are unlikely.
ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES
Not Applicable.
ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES
None.
ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS
None.
ITEM 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
We have evaluated, with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2008. There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of disclosure controls and procedures, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the controls and procedures. Accordingly, even effective disclosure controls and procedures can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives. Based upon our evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the applicable rules and forms, and that it is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect our transactions and dispositions of our assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
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Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, and that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Our management has assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008 based on the criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on such assessment and criteria, our management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2008.
The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008 has been audited by KPMG Auditores Independentes, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report that appears herein.
There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during 2008 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of CPFL Energia S.A.
We have audited CPFL Energia S.A.s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). CPFL Energia S.A.s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Form 20-F. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Companys internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the companys assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
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In our opinion, CPFL Energia S.A. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of CPFL Energia S.A. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in shareholders equity, cash flows and added value for the years then ended, and our report dated on February 3, 2009, except as to note 33, which is as of June 17, 2009, expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.
/s/ KPMG Auditores Independentes
KPMG Auditores Independentes
Campinas, Brazil
February 3, 2009, except as to note 33, which is as of June 17, 2009
ITEM 16A. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT
As described in Item 16D below, we have given our fiscal council the necessary powers to qualify for the exemption from the audit committee requirements set forth in Exchange Act Rule 10A-3(c)(3). Our Board of Directors recognizes that one member of our fiscal council, Daniela Corci Cardoso, qualifies as an audit committee financial expert and meets the applicable independence requirements for fiscal council membership under Brazilian law. She also meets the New York Stock Exchange independence requirements that would apply to audit committee members in the absence of our reliance on the exemption set forth in Exchange Act Rule 10A-3(c)(3). Some of the members of our fiscal council are currently employed by some of our principal shareholders or their affiliates.
ITEM 16B. CODE OF ETHICS
We have adopted a Code of Ethics applicable to our employees and our directors and executive officers, which addresses such matters as conflicts of interest, corporate opportunities, confidentiality, fair dealing, protection and proper use of company assets, compliance with laws, rules and regulations (including insider trading laws) and encouraging the reporting of any illegal or unethical behavior. Our Code of Ethics is available on our website at: http://www.b2i.cc/Document/986/CPFL_CodEtica_20061227_eng.pdf. (This URL is intended to be an inactive textual reference only. It is not intended to be an active hyperlink to our website. The information on our website, which might be accessible through a hyperlink resulting from this URL, is not and shall not be deemed to be, incorporated into this annual report). If we amend the provisions of our code of ethics that apply to our chief executive officer, our chief financial officer, our principal accounting officer and persons performing similar functions, or if we furnish a waiver to any such persons, we will disclose such amendment or waiver on our website at the same address.
ITEM 16C. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
Audit and Non-Audit Fees
The following table sets forth the fees billed to us by our independent registered and public accounting firm during the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007. Our independent accounting firm is KPMG Auditores Independentes beginning in June 2007.
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Year ended December 31, | ||||
2008 | 2007 | |||
(in thousands of reais) | ||||
Audit fees | R$3,056 | R$2,172 | ||
Audit-related fees | 60 | 75 | ||
Tax fees | 113 | 88 | ||
All other fees | - | - | ||
Total | R$3,229 | R$2,335 | ||
Audit Fees are the aggregated fees billed by KPMG Auditores Independentes for the audit of our consolidated and annual financial statements, reviews of interim financial statements and attestation services that are provided in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements for the fiscal years of 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Audit-related fees are fees charged by KPMG Auditores Independentes for assurance and related services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of our financial statements.
Tax fees in the above table are for services related to tax compliance.
Audit Committee Approval Policies and Procedures
Our fiscal council currently serves as our audit committee for purposes of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Our fiscal council has not established pre-approval policies or procedures for recommending the engagement of our independent auditors for services to our Board of Directors. Pursuant to Brazilian law, our Board of Directors is responsible for the engagement of independent auditors. Brazilian law prohibits our independent auditors from providing any consulting services to our subsidiaries, or to us, that may impair their independence.
ITEM 16D. EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES
Under the listed company audit committee rules of the NYSE and the SEC, we must comply with Exchange Act Rule 10A-3, which requires that we establish an audit committee composed of members of the Board of Directors that meets specified requirements. We have designated and empowered our fiscal council to perform the role of the audit committee in reliance on the exemption set forth in Exchange Act Rule 10A-3(c)(3). In our assessment, our fiscal council acts independently in performing the responsibilities of an audit committee under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and satisfies the other requirements of Exchange Act Rule 10A-3.
ITEM 16E. PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS
None.
ITEM 16F. CHANGE IN REGISTRANTS CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT.
None.
ITEM 16G. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE.
The following chart summarizes the ways that our corporate governance practices differ from those followed by domestic companies under the listing standards under the New York Stock Exchange:
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Section of the New York Stock Exchange Listed Company Manual |
New York Stock Exchange Listing Standard | Ways that CPFLs Corporate Governance Practices Differ from Those Followed by Domestic Companies Listed on the New York Stock Exchange | ||
303A.01 | A company listed on the New York Stock Exchange (a listed company) must have a majority of independent directors on its Board of Directors. Controlled companies are not required to comply with this requirement. | CPFL is a controlled company, because more than a majority of its voting power is controlled by VBC Energia, 521 Participações S.A. and Bonaire Participações S.A. As a controlled company, CPFL would not be required to comply with the majority of independent directors requirements if it were a U.S. domestic issuer. CPFL has one independent director, as defined by CVM rules. | ||
303A.03 | The non-management directors of a listed company must meet at regularly scheduled executive sessions without management. | The non-management directors of CPFL do not meet at regularly scheduled executive sessions without management. | ||
303A.04 | A listed company must have a Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee composed entirely of independent directors, with a written charter that covers certain minimum specified duties. Controlled companies are not required to comply with this requirement. | As a controlled company, CPFL would not be required to comply with the Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee requirements if it were a U.S. domestic issuer. Nonetheless, in order to improve its corporate governance practices, CPFL constituted the Corporate Governance Commission. It has four members: the CEO and three members of the Board of Directors. This Commission is responsible for evaluating the effectiveness of CPFLs corporate governance practices, proposing improvements to CPFLs governance practices, and monitoring the implementation of CPFLs corporate governance practices. | ||
303A.05 | A listed company must have a compensation committee composed entirely of independent directors, with a written charter that covers certain minimum specified duties. Controlled companies are not required to comply with this requirement. | As a controlled company, CPFL would not be required to comply with the compensation committee requirements. The Human Resources Management Committee of CPFL is an advisory committee of the Board of Directors. It has three members who are all directors, none of whom is independent. According to its charter, this committee is responsible for assisting the Board of Directors by: (i) coordinating the CEO selection process, (ii) defining criteria for compensation of the executive officers, including long and short-term incentive plans, (iii) defining performance goals of the executive officers, (iv) coordinating evaluation procedures of the executive officers, (v) preparation of the plan of succession for executive officers and (vi) monitoring the execution of human resources policies and practices and preparing improvement proposals when necessary. | ||
303A.06 and 303A.07 |
A listed company must have an audit committee with a minimum of three independent directors that satisfy the independence requirements of Rule 10A- 3 under the Exchange Act, with a written charter that covers certain minimum specified duties. | In lieu of appointing an audit committee composed of independent members of the Board of Directors, CPFL has a permanent conselho fiscal, or fiscal council, in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Brazilian Corporate Law, and CPFL has granted the fiscal council with additional powers that meet the requirements of Exchange Act Rule 10A-3(c)(3). Under Brazilian Corporate Law, which enumerates standards for the independence of the fiscal council from CPFL and its management, none of the members of the fiscal council may be: (i) members of the Board of Directors; (ii) members of the board of executive officers; (iii) employed by CPFL or an affiliate or company controlled by CPFL or (iv) a spouse or relative of any member of the companys management or Board of Directors. Members of the fiscal council are elected at the companys general shareholders meeting for a one-year term of office. The fiscal council of CPFL currently has five members, all of wh om comply with standards (i) to (iv) above. The responsibilities of the fiscal council, which are set forth in its charter, includes reviewing managements activities and the companys financial statements, and reporting findings to the companys shareholders. | ||
303A.08 | Shareholders must be given the opportunity to vote on all equity-compensation plans and material revisions thereto, with limited exemptions set forth in the NYSE rules. | Under Brazilian Corporate Law, shareholder pre-approval is required for the adoption of any equity compensation plans. |
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Section of the New York Stock Exchange Listed Company Manual |
New York Stock Exchange Listing Standard | Ways that CPFLs Corporate Governance Practices Differ from Those Followed by Domestic Companies Listed on the New York Stock Exchange | ||
303A.09 | A listed company must adopt and disclose corporate governance guidelines that cover certain minimum specified subjects. | CPFL has formal corporate governance guidelines that address all of the matters specified in the NYSE rules. | ||
303A.10 | A listed company must adopt and disclose a code of business conduct and ethics for directors, officers and employees, and promptly disclose any waivers of the code for directors or executive officers. | CPFL has a formal Code of Ethics that applies to its directors, officers, employees and controlling shareholders. CPFLs Code of Ethics has a scope that is similar, but not identical, to that required for a U.S. domestic company under the NYSE rules. CPFL reports each year under Item 16B of our annual report on Form 20-F any waivers of the code of ethics in favor of our chief executive officer, our chief financial officer, our principal accounting officer and persons performing similar functions. We will disclose such amendment or waiver on our website. | ||
303A.12 | Each listed company CEO must certify to the NYSE each year that he or she is not aware of any violation by the company of NYSE corporate governance listing standards. | CPFLs CEO provides to the NYSE a Foreign Private Issuer Annual Written Affirmation, and he will promptly notify the NYSE in writing after any executive officer of CPFL becomes aware of any material non-compliance with any applicable provisions of the NYSE corporate governance rules. |
ITEM 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Not applicable.
ITEM 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
See pages F-1 through F-105, incorporated herein by reference.
The amount of long-term debt securities of CPFL Energia or its subsidiaries authorized under any outstanding agreement does not exceed 10% of CPFL Energias total assets on a consolidated basis. CPFL Energia hereby agrees to furnish the SEC, upon its request, a copy of any instruments defining the rights of holders of its long-term debt or of its subsidiaries for which consolidated or unconsolidated financial statements are required to be filed.
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GLOSSARY OF TERMS
ABRADEE: Brazilian Association of Electric Energy Distributors (Associação Brasileira de Distribuidores de Energia Elétrica).
ANEEL: National Electric Energy Agency (Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica).
Annual Reference Value: Mechanism which limits the amounts of costs that can be passed through to Final Consumers. The Annual Reference Value corresponds to the weighted average of electricity acquisition costs resulting from electricity prices of all public auctions carried out by ANEEL and CCEE in the regulated market for electricity to be delivered five and three years from any such auction and only applies during the first three years following the commencement of delivery of the acquired electricity.
Assured energy: Amount of energy that generators are allowed to sell in long-term contracts.
Basic Network: Interconnected transmission lines, dams, energy transformers and equipment with voltage equal to or higher than 230 kV, or installations with lower voltage as determined by ANEEL.
Capacity Agreement: Agreement under which a generator commits to make a certain amount of capacity available to the Regulated Market. In such case, the generators revenue is guaranteed and the distributors must bear the risk of a supply shortage.
CCC: Fuel Usage Quota.
CCEAR: Regulated Market (Contratos de Comercialização de Energia no Ambiente Regulado).
CCEE: Energy Trading Chamber (Câmara de Comercialização de Energia Elétrica). The short-term electricity market, established in 1998 through the Power Industry Law, which replaced the prior system of regulated generation prices and supply contracts, formerly known as the Wholesale Energy Market.
CMCE: Energy Industry Monitoring Committee (Comitê de Monitoramento do Setor Elétrico).
CNPE: National Energy Policy Council (Conselho Nacional de Política Energética).
Distribution Network: Electric network system that distributes energy to end consumers within a concession area.
Distributor: An entity supplying electric energy to a group of consumers by means of a distribution network.
Energy Agreement: Agreement under which a generator commits to supply a certain amount of electricity and assumes the risk that its electricity supply could be adversely affected by hydrological conditions and low reservoir levels, which could interrupt the supply of electricity. In such a case, the generator would be required to purchase electricity elsewhere in order to comply with its supply commitments.
Final Consumer: A party that uses electricity for its own needs.
Free Consumers: (i) Existing consumers with demand of at least 10 MW and supplied at voltage level equal to or greater than 69 kV; (ii) new consumers with demand of at least 3 MW at any voltage; (iii) groups of consumers subject to agreement with the local distribution concessionaire; (iv) consumers who do not receive supply for more than 180 days from a local distribution concessionaire; and (v) certain others.
Free Market: Market segment that permits a certain degree of competition. The free market specifically contemplates purchase of electricity by non-regulated entities such as Free Consumers and energy traders.
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Gigawatt (GW): One billion watts.
Gigawatt hour (GWh): One gigawatt of power supplied or demanded for one hour, or one billion watt hours.
High voltage: A class of nominal system voltages equal to or greater than 100,000 volts (100 kVs) and less than 230,000 volts (230 kVs).
Hydroelectric plant or hydroelectric facility: A generator that uses water power to drive the electric generator.
Initial Supply Contracts: Initial energy supply agreements at prices and volumes approved by ANEEL, that distribution and generation companies are required to enter into per the 1998 Power Industry Law.
Installed capacity: The level of electricity which can be delivered from a particular generator on a full-load continuous basis under specified conditions as designated by the manufacturer.
Interconnected Power System: Systems or networks for the transmission of energy, connected together by means of one or more links (lines and/or transformers).
Independent Power Producer: A legal entity or consortium holding a concession or authorization for power generation for sale for its own account to public utility concessionaires.
Kilovolt (kV): One thousand volts.
Kilowatt (kW): One thousand watts.
Kilowatt hour (kWh): One kilowatt of power supplied or demanded for one hour, or one thousand watt hours.
Megawatt (MW): One million watts.
Megawatt hour (MWh): One megawatt of power supplied or demanded for one hour, or one million watt hours.
MME: Ministry of Mines and Energy (Ministério de Minas e Energia).
MRE: Energy Reallocation Mechanism (Mecanismo de Realocação de Energia).
ONS: National System Operator (Operador Nacional do Sistema), an entity responsible for operational planning, administration of generation and transmission and planning of transmission investments in the power industry.
Parcel A costs: Costs that include, among others, the following: (i) costs of electricity purchased for resale pursuant to Initial Supply Contracts; (ii) costs of electricity purchased from Itaipu; (iii) costs of electricity purchased pursuant to bilateral agreements that are freely negotiated between parties; and (iv) certain other charges for the transmission and distribution systems.
Parcel B costs: Costs that are under control of distributors. Such costs are determined by subtracting all of the Parcel A costs from the distribution companys revenues, excluding ICMS and PIS/COFINS, a state and federal tax levied on sales. Parcel B costs include, among others, the return on investment related to concessions and their expansion, as well as maintenance and operational costs.
Rationing Program: The Brazilian government program to reduce electricity consumption that was in effect from June 1, 2001 to February 28, 2002 as a result of poor hydrological conditions that threatened the countrys electricity supply.
97
Regulated market: Market segment in which distribution companies purchase all the electricity needed to supply customers through public auctions. The auction process is administered by ANEEL, either directly or through CCEE, under certain guidelines provided by the MME. The regulated market is generally considered to be more stable in terms of supply of electricity.
Retail Distribution Tariff: Revenue charged by distribution companies to its customers. Each customer falls within a certain tariff level defined by law and based on the customers classification, although some flexibility is available according to the nature of each customers demand. Retails tariffs are subject to annual readjustments by ANEEL.
RTE: Extraordinary Tariff Adjustment (reajuste tarifário extraordinário).
Small hydroelectric power plants: Power projects with capacity from 1 MW to 30 MW.
Special consumer: A group of consumers that uses at least 500 kV. Special Consumers may only purchase energy from (i) small hydroelectric power plants with capacity between 1,000 kW and 30,000 kW, (ii) generators with capacity limited to 1,000 kW, and (iii) alternative energy generators (solar, wind and biomass enterprises) with capacity injected in the system not greater than 30,000 kW. A Special Consumer may terminate its contract with the local distributor with 180 days prior notice for contracts with indefinite terms.
Substation: An assemblage of equipment which switches and/or changes or regulates the voltage of electricity in a transmission and distribution system.
Thermoelectric plant: A generator which uses combustible fuel, such as coal, oil, diesel natural gas or other hydrocarbon as the source of energy to drive the electric generator.
Transmission: The bulk transfer of electricity from generating facilities to the distribution system at load center station by means of the transmission grid (in lines with capacity between 69 kV and 525 kV).
Transmission Tariff: Revenue charged by a transmission concessionaire based on the transmission network it owns and operates. Transmission tariffs are subject to periodic revisions by ANEEL.
Volt: The basic unit of electric force analogous to water pressure in pounds per square inch.
Watt: The basic unit of electrical power.
98
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant, CPFL Energia S.A., hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused this annual report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the city of Campinas, State of São Paulo, Brazil, on June 29, 2009.
CPFL ENERGIA S.A | |
By: /s/ Wilson Ferreira, Jr. | |
Name: Wilson Ferreira, Jr. | |
Title: Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) |
|
By: /s/ José Antonio de Almeida Filippo | |
Name: José Antonio de Almeida Filippo | |
Title: Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer) |
99
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of
CPFL Energia S.A.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of CPFL Energia S.A. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in shareholders equity, cash flows and added value for the years then ended. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of CPFL Energia S.A. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the results of their operations, changes in shareholders equity, cash flows and added value for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting practices adopted in Brazil.
Accounting practices adopted in Brazil vary in certain significant respects from U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Information relating to the nature and effect of such differences is presented in Note 34 to the consolidated financial statements.
As mentioned in Note 2.1, as a result of the changes in accounting practices adopted in Brazil effective for the year ended December 31, 2008, the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2007, presented for comparison purposes, were restated and are being presented as established in NPC 12 - Accounting Practices, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Correction of Errors, except for the Statement of Changes in Financial Position which was replaced, in accordance with Law 11638/07, by the Statement of Cash Flows for 2007. The consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2006, presented in conjunction with the December 31, 2008 and 2007 financial statements, have not been restated for the new accounting practices, as permitted by CPC Technical Pronouncement No. 13 First Time Adoption of Law No. 11,638/07 and Provisional Executive Act No. 449/08.
1
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), CPFL Energia S.A. and subsidiaries internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated on February 3, 2009, except as to note 33, which is as of June 17, 2009, expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting.
/s/ KPMG Auditores Independentes
KPMG Auditores Independentes
Campinas, Brazil
February 3, 2009, except as to note 33, which is as of June 17, 2009
2
Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu | |
Av. Dr. José Bonifácio Coutinho | |
Nogueira, 150 - 5 - Sala 502 | |
13091-611 - Campinas - SP | |
Brasil | |
- | |
Tel: +55 (19) 3707-3000 | |
Fax: +55 (19) 3707-3001 | |
www.deloitte.com.br |
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
CPFL Energia S.A.
São Paulo - SP, Brazil
We have audited the consolidated statements of operations, changes in shareholders equity and changes in financial position of CPFL Energia S.A. (a Brazilian corporation) and its subsidiaries (the Company) for the year ended December 31, 2006, all expressed in Brazilian reais. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit. We did not audit the financial statements of Rio Grande Energia S.A. (an indirectly owned subsidiary), which statements reflect net revenues constituting 16.0% of consolidated total net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2006. Those financial statements were audited by other auditors whose unqualified report has been furnished to us. Our opinion, insofar as it relates to the amounts included in the consolidated statements referred to above for this consolidated indirectly owned subsidiary is based solely on the report of such other auditors.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit and the report of other auditors provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, based on our audit and on the report of other auditors, the consolidated statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the results of CPFL Energia S.A. and subsidiaries operations, the changes in shareholders equity and the changes in their financial position for the year ended December 31, 2006, in conformity with accounting practices adopted in Brazil.
Accounting practices adopted in Brazil vary in certain significant respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Information relating to the nature and effect of such differences is presented in Note 34 to the consolidated financial statements.
As discussed in Note 34 to the consolidated financial statements, effective December 31, 2006, the Company, changed its method of accounting for defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans to conform to Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 158.
/s/ Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Auditores Independentes
June 28, 2007
CPFL ENERGIA S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES |
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2008 AND 2007 |
(In thousands of Brazilian reais R$) |
ASSETS | 2008 | 2007 | ||
CURRENT ASSETS | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents (note 4) | 737,847 | 1,106,308 | ||
Financial investments (note 5) | 38,249 | 35,039 | ||
Accounts receivable (note 6) | 1,721,028 | 1,817,788 | ||
Allowance for doubtful accounts (note 7) | (82,462) | (95,639) | ||
Recoverable taxes (note 8) | 174,294 | 181,754 | ||
Materials and supplies | 15,594 | 14,812 | ||
Deferred cost variations (note 3) | 638,229 | 532,449 | ||
Prepaid expenses (note 9) | 101,882 | 202,721 | ||
Derivatives (note 31) | 36,520 | 995 | ||
Deferred taxes (note 10) | 220,144 | 168,485 | ||
Other (note 11) | 110,793 | 111,352 | ||
3,712,118 | 4,076,064 | |||
NONCURRENT ASSETS | ||||
Accounts receivable (note 6) | 286,144 | 215,014 | ||
Escrow deposits (note 20) | 599,973 | 498,044 | ||
Financial investments (note 5) | 96,786 | 97,521 | ||
Recoverable taxes (note 8) | 101,948 | 99,947 | ||
Deferred cost variations (note 3) | 157,435 | 205,894 | ||
Prepaid expenses (note 9) | 99,210 | 43,111 | ||
Derivatives (note 31) | 396,875 | - | ||
Deferred taxes (note 10) | 1,132,736 | 1,166,208 | ||
Other credits (note 11) | 221,330 | 231,820 | ||
Property, plant and equipment (note 12) | 6,614,347 | 5,983,806 | ||
Intangible assets (note 13) | 2,700,136 | 2,855,925 | ||
Other | 124,134 | 124,647 | ||
12,531,054 | 11,521,937 | |||
TOTAL ASSETS | 16,243,172 | 15,598,001 | ||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F - 1
CPFL ENERGIA S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES |
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2008 AND 2007 |
(In thousands of Brazilian reais R$) |
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY | 2008 | 2007 | ||
CURRENT LIABILITIES | ||||
Suppliers (note 14) | 982,344 | 867,954 | ||
Taxes and payroll charges payable (note 19) | 464,339 | 604,102 | ||
Dividends and interest on shareholders equity | 632,087 | 743,628 | ||
Accrued interest on loans and financing (note 15) | 29,081 | 59,135 | ||
Accrued interest on debentures (note 16) | 102,112 | 71,524 | ||
Post-retirement benefit obligation (note 17) | 44,088 | 64,484 | ||
Regulatory charges (note 18) | 94,054 | 68,696 | ||
Loans and financing (note 15) | 523,167 | 862,156 | ||
Debentures (note 16) | 580,076 | 154,617 | ||
Accrued liabilities | 46,244 | 43,987 | ||
Deferred gain variations (note 3) | 165,871 | 230,038 | ||
Derivatives (note 31) | 53,443 | 18,541 | ||
Reserve for contingencies (note 20) | 15 | 765 | ||
Other (note 21) | 524,898 | 427,723 | ||
4,241,819 | 4,217,350 | |||
NONCURRENT LIABILITIES | ||||
Suppliers (note 14) | 85,311 | 223 | ||
Accrued interest on loans and financing (note 15) | 74,104 | 26,057 | ||
Loans and financing (note 15) | 3,836,882 | 2,859,379 | ||
Debentures (note 16) | 2,026,890 | 2,208,472 | ||
Post-retirement benefit obligation (note 17) | 508,194 | 656,040 | ||
Taxes and social contribution payable (note 19) | 6,445 | 16,529 | ||
Reserve for contingencies (note 20) | 107,642 | 116,412 | ||
Deferred gain variations (note 3) | 40,779 | 68,389 | ||
Derivatives (note 31) | 961 | 171,013 | ||
Other (note 21) | 207,194 | 219,492 | ||
6,894,402 | 6,342,006 | |||
MINORITY INTEREST | 88,332 | 88,129 | ||
SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY (note 22) | ||||
Common stock (without par value, 2008 and 2007 - 479,910,938 shares issued and outstanding) | 4,741,175 | 4,741,175 | ||
Capital reserves | 16 | 16 | ||
Profit reserves | 277,428 | 213,643 | ||
Accumulated deficit | - | (4,318) | ||
5,018,619 | 4,950,516 | |||
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY | 16,243,172 | 15,598,001 | ||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F - 2
CPFL ENERGIA S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME FOR THE YEARS |
ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008, 2007 AND 2006 |
(In thousands of Brazilian reais R$, except for share and per share amounts) |
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
OPERATING REVENUES (note 23) | ||||||
Electricity sales to final consumers | 12,294,614 | 12,355,216 | 10,899,280 | |||
Electricity sales to wholesalers | 948,339 | 682,942 | 500,529 | |||
Other revenues | 1,128,960 | 1,169,226 | 827,243 | |||
14,371,913 | 14,207,384 | 12,227,052 | ||||
DEDUCTIONS FROM OPERATING REVENUES | ||||||
Contribution to concession reserve fund (RGR) | (48,446) | (52,250) | (42,904) | |||
ICMS (state VAT) | (2,440,661) | (2,477,084) | (2,165,696) | |||
COFINS/PIS (taxes on revenue) | (1,307,592) | (1,347,865) | (1,100,178) | |||
ISS (service tax) | (2,971) | (1,749) | (1,209) | |||
Fuel Consumption Account - CCC | (365,447) | (425,860) | (554,275) | |||
Energy Development Account - CDE | (408,979) | (398,427) | (370,182) | |||
Research and development and energy efficiency | (92,008) | (94,565) | (77,605) | |||
Emergency charges (ECE/EAEE) | (1) | (49) | (3,053) | |||
(4,666,105) | (4,797,849) | (4,315,102) | ||||
NET OPERATING REVENUES | 9,705,808 | 9,409,535 | 7,911,950 | |||
OPERATING COSTS | ||||||
Electricity purchased for resale (note 24) | (4,787,672) | (4,052,280) | (3,419,197) | |||
Electricity network usage charges (note 24) | (903,788) | (702,781) | (774,077) | |||
Personnel | (298,725) | (263,169) | (242,678) | |||
Post-retirement benefit obligation (note 17) | 84,151 | 46,887 | 7,470 | |||
Materials | (51,660) | (49,664) | (39,189) | |||
Outside services | (135,121) | (134,045) | (111,177) | |||
Depreciation and amortization | (339,809) | (341,492) | (297,482) | |||
Services cost rendered to third parties | (7,457) | (6,441) | (21,394) | |||
Other | (53,028) | (35,961) | (12,638) | |||
(6,493,109) | (5,538,946) | (4,910,362) | ||||
OPERATING EXPENSES (note 25) | ||||||
Sales and marketing | (246,461) | (428,053) | (244,231) | |||
General and administrative | (385,172) | (353,904) | (314,409) | |||
Amortization of intangible assets | (192,029) | (176,306) | (151,844) | |||
Other | (53,017) | (65,070) | (19,387) | |||
(876,679) | (1,023,333) | (729,871) | ||||
OPERATING INCOME | 2,336,020 | 2,847,256 | 2,271,717 |
(Continues)
F - 3
CPFL ENERGIA S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME FOR THE YEARS |
ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008, 2007 AND 2006 |
(In thousands of Brazilian reais R$, except for share and per share amounts) |
(Continued) |
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
FINANCIAL INCOME (EXPENSE) (note 26) | ||||||
Financial income | 643,291 | 499,342 | 597,894 | |||
Financial expense | (1,057,612) | (874,048) | (748,357) | |||
(414,321) | (374,706) | (150,463) | ||||
NONOPERATING INCOME (EXPENSE) | - | - | 73,877 | |||
Nonoperating income | - | - | (24,040) | |||
Nonoperating expense | - | - | 49,837 | |||
INCOME BEFORE TAXES, EXTRAORDINARY ITEM AND MINORITY INTEREST | 1,921,699 | 2,472,550 | 2,171,091 | |||
Social contribution tax (note 10) | (168,957) | (232,104) | (187,818) | |||
Current tax | (177,629) | (202,083) | (172,998) | |||
Deferred tax | 8,672 | (30,021) | (14,820) | |||
Income tax (note 10) | (467,281) | (594,525) | (546,445) | |||
Current tax | (488,671) | (560,363) | (477,036) | |||
Deferred tax | 21,390 | (34,162) | (69,409) | |||
INCOME BEFORE EXTRAORDINARY ITEM AND MINORITY INTEREST | 1,285,461 | 1,645,921 | 1,436,828 | |||
Extraordinary item, net of taxes of R$ 16,729 for 2006 (note 17) | - | - | (32,559) | |||
Minority interest | (9,769) | (5,194) | (173) | |||
NET INCOME | 1,275,692 | 1,640,727 | 1,404,096 | |||
NUMBER OF SHARES OUTSTANDING AT | ||||||
YEAR END | 479,910,938 | 479,910,938 | 479,756,730 | |||
EARNINGS PER SHARE | 2.658 | 3.418 | 2.927 | |||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F - 4
CPFL ENERGIA S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008, 2007 AND 2006 |
(In thousands of Brazilian reais R$, except for share) |
Changes in the number of | ||||||||||||||||||
Common Stock |
Treasury shares |
Capital Reserves |
Profit reserves |
Accumulated deficit |
Total Shareholders equity, |
Treasury Shares |
Common shares |
Total shares | ||||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2005 | 4,734,790 | (8) | - | 61,266 | - | 4,796,048 | 817 | 479,755,913 | 479,756,730 | |||||||||
Treasury shares | - | 8 | - | - | - | 8 | (817) | 817 | - | |||||||||
Capital reserves | - | 16 | - | - | 16 | - | - | - | ||||||||||
Net income | - | - | - | - | 1,404,096 | 1,404,096 | - | - | - | |||||||||
Allocation of income: | ||||||||||||||||||
- Statutory reserve | - | - | - | 70,205 | (70,205) | - | - | - | - | |||||||||
- Interim dividend | - | - | - | - | (611,981) | (611,981) | - | - | - | |||||||||
- Dividend proposed | - | - | - | - | (721,910) | (721,910) | - | - | - | |||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2006 | 4,734,790 | - | 16 | 131,471 | - | 4,866,277 | - | 479,756,730 | 479,756,730 | |||||||||
Adjustment of initial compliance with Law | ||||||||||||||||||
No 11,638 | - | - | - | - | (1,609) | (1,609) | - | - | - | |||||||||
Capital increase | 6,385 | - | - | - | - | 6,385 | - | 154,208 | 154,208 | |||||||||
Net income | - | - | - | - | 1,640,727 | 1,640,727 | - | - | - | |||||||||
Allocation of income: | ||||||||||||||||||
- Statutory reserve | - | - | - | 82,172 | (82,172) | - | - | - | - | |||||||||
- Interim dividend | - | - | - | - | (842,375) | (842,375) | - | - | - | |||||||||
- Dividend proposed | - | - | - | - | (718,889) | (718,889) | - | - | - | |||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2007 | 4,741,175 | - | 16 | 213,643 | (4,318) | 4,950,516 | - | 479,910,938 | 479,910,938 | |||||||||
Net income | - | - | - | - | 1,275,692 | 1,275,692 | - | - | - | |||||||||
Lapsed dividend | - | - | - | - | 92 | 92 | - | - | - | |||||||||
Allocation of income: | ||||||||||||||||||
- Statutory reserve | - | - | - | 63,785 | (63,785) | - | - | - | - | |||||||||
- Interim dividend | - | - | - | - | (601,576) | (601,576) | - | - | - | |||||||||
- Dividend proposed | - | - | - | - | (606,105) | (606,105) | - | - | - | |||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2008 | 4,741,175 | - | 16 | 277,428 | - | 5,018,619 | - | 479,910,938 | 479,910,938 | |||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F - 5
CPFL ENERGIA S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS |
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008 AND 2007 |
(In thousands of Brazilian reais R$) |
2008 | 2007 | |||
NET INCOME FOR THE PERIOD, INCLUDING INCOME TAX AND SOCIAL CONTRIBUTION | 1,911,930 | 2,467,356 | ||
ADJUSTMENT TO RECONCILE INCOME TO CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES | ||||
Non-controlling shareholders' interest | 9,769 | 5,194 | ||
Depreciation and amortization | 564,924 | 548,161 | ||
Reserve for contingencies | (16,884) | 9,350 | ||
Interest and monetary restatement | 672,297 | 548,696 | ||
Post-retirement benefit obligation | (84,151) | (46,887) | ||
Loss on disposal of noncurrent assets and participation in subsidiaries | 30,400 | 24,288 | ||
Deferred taxes (PIS and COFINS) | (12,968) | (1,690) | ||
Other | 1,358 | 8,999 | ||
DECREASE (INCREASE) IN OPERATING ASSETS | ||||
Accounts receivable | 12,453 | 311,155 | ||
Recoverable taxes | 36,343 | 31,785 | ||
Deferred cost variations | (57,321) | 109,704 | ||
Escrow deposits | (50,525) | (400,547) | ||
Other | 42,068 | (70,250) | ||
INCREASE (DECREASE) IN OPERATING LIABILITIES | ||||
Suppliers | 199,478 | (17,749) | ||
Taxes and social contributions paid | (749,127) | (668,454) | ||
Other taxes and social contributions | (50,711) | (47,407) | ||
Deferred gain variations | (91,777) | 57,451 | ||
Post-retirement benefit obligation | (84,091) | (93,226) | ||
Interest on debts paid | (544,381) | (508,486) | ||
Regulatory charges | 25,358 | (39,162) | ||
Other | 112,827 | 107,827 | ||
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES | 1,877,269 | 2,336,108 | ||
INVESTING ACTIVITIES | ||||
Purchase of interest in subsidiaries, net of cash | - | (383,816) | ||
Decrease (increase) in investments on subsidiaries | (1,457) | 271 | ||
Increase in property, plant and equipment | (1,098,081) | (1,045,077) | ||
Financial investments | 74,041 | (17,971) | ||
Special obligations | 57,518 | 65,917 | ||
Additions to other intangible assets | (79,823) | (108,308) | ||
Additions to deferred charges | - | 12,076 | ||
Proceeds from sale of permanent assets | 28,325 | 24,091 | ||
Other | (4,935) | (28,378) | ||
NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES | (1,024,412) | (1,481,195) |
(Continues)
F - 6
CPFL ENERGIA S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS |
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008 AND 2007 |
(In thousands of Brazilian reais R$) |
(Continued) | ||||
2008 | 2007 | |||
FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||
Loans and financing obtained | 2,171,535 | 2,551,090 | ||
Payments of loans and financing | (2,073,543) | (1,451,590) | ||
Advance energy sale agreements | 2,004 | - | ||
Advances for future capital increase | - | 82,597 | ||
Dividends and interest on shareholders equity paid | (1,323,483) | (1,560,952) | ||
Intercompany loans to subsidiaries and associated companies | 2,169 | - | ||
Other | - | - | ||
NET CASH USED IN FINANCING ACTIVITIES | (1,221,318) | (378,855) | ||
INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS . | (368,461) | 476,058 | ||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS BEGINNING OF YEAR | 1,106,308 | 630,250 | ||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS END OF YEAR | 737,847 | 1,106,308 | ||
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOWS DISCLOSURES: | ||||
Advances for future capital increase through assumption of debt | - | 202,728 | ||
Reinvested dividends of subsidiaries | - | 100,641 | ||
Lapsed dividend | 4,610 | - | ||
Acquisition of participations: | ||||
Assets acquired, including goodwill | - | 605,998 | ||
Liabilities assumed | - | (191,897) | ||
Purchase price | - | 414,101 | ||
Cash acquired | - | (30,285) | ||
Purchase price, net of cash acquired | - | 383,816 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements
F - 7
CPFL ENERGIA S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SOURCE AND USE OF FUNDS |
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2006 |
(In thousands of Brazilian reais R$) |
2006 | ||
SOURCES OF FUNDS | ||
From operations: | ||
Net income | 1,404,096 | |
Items not affecting working capital: | ||
Extraordinary tariff adjustment monetary restatement | (124,952) | |
Other regulatory assets | 415 | |
Amortization of goodwill and depreciation of property, plant and equipment | 474,714 | |
Long-term monetary and exchange variations | (10,157) | |
Losses (gains) on changes in interest in subsidiaries | (62,747) | |
Gains (losses) on disposal of property, plant and equipment | 17,336 | |
Deferred taxes - Assets and liabilities | 90,064 | |
Post-retirement benefit obligation | 39,597 | |
Reserve for contingencies | (86,117) | |
Minority interest | 173 | |
Financial compensation Tariff increase | (10,402) | |
Unrealized losses on derivatives | 22,845 | |
Research and Development and Energy Efficiency Programs | 10,863 | |
Other | (1,837) | |
Total from operations | 1,763,891 | |
From third parties: | ||
Long-term financing and debentures | 2,080,081 | |
Transfer from noncurrent to current assets | 692,424 | |
Special obligations | 56,209 | |
Increase in noncurrent net assets due to acquisition of subsidiary | 63,653 | |
Sale of permanent assets | 4,618 | |
Net transfers from noncurrent to current CVA | 144,470 | |
Sale of equity interest | 89,899 | |
Other | 3,882 | |
3,135,236 | ||
Total sources | 4,899,127 |
(Continues)
F - 8
CPFL ENERGIA S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SOURCE AND USE OF FUNDS |
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2006 |
(In thousands of Brazilian reais R$) |
(Continued) |
2006 | ||
USES OF FUNDS | ||
Purchase of interest in subsidiaries | 627,327 | |
Increase in property, plant and equipment | 797,235 | |
Transfer from long-term to current liabilities | 1,705,597 | |
Dividends and interest on shareholders equity | 1,333,995 | |
Transfer from current to noncurrent assets | 65,058 | |
Additions to deferred charges | 12,622 | |
Financial investments | 26,996 | |
Escrow deposits | 38,171 | |
Other | 12,682 | |
4,619,683 | ||
INCREASE IN WORKING CAPITAL | 279,444 | |
REPRESENTED BY | ||
Current assets: | ||
At beginning of year | 3,770,291 | |
At year end | 3,695,728 | |
(74,563) | ||
Current liabilities: | ||
At beginning of year | 4,139,282 | |
At year end | 3,785,275 | |
(354,007) | ||
INCREASE IN WORKING CAPITAL | 279,444 | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F - 9
CPFL ENERGIA S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF ADDED VALUE |
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008 AND 2007 |
(In thousands of Brazilian reais R$) |
2008 | 2007 | |||
REVENUES | 15,365,113 | 15,346,867 | ||
Operating revenues | 14,371,913 | 14,207,384 | ||
Revenues related to the construction of own assets | 1,030,585 | 1,196,752 | ||
Allowance for doubtful accounts | (36,585) | (47,534) | ||
Provision for losses on regulatory assets | (800) | (9,735) | ||
INPUTS | (7,877,711) | (7,185,781) | ||
Cost of electric energy | (6,253,105) | (5,224,347) | ||
Material | (571,158) | (685,979) | ||
Outsourced services | (741,078) | (762,485) | ||
Other | (305,657) | (507,303) | ||
Cost of services provided to third parties | (6,713) | (5,667) | ||
GROSS ADDED VALUE | 7,487,402 | 8,161,086 | ||
RETENTIONS | (587,502) | (563,937) | ||
Depreciation and amortization | (395,473) | (387,631) | ||
Amortization of intangible asset of concession | (192,029) | (176,306) | ||
NET ADDED VALUE | 6,899,900 | 7,597,149 | ||
ADDED VALUE RECEIVED IN TRANSFER | 481,958 | 404,384 | ||
Financial Income | 491,727 | 409,578 | ||
Interest of non-controlling shareholders | (9,769) | (5,194) | ||
ADDED VALUE TO BE DISTRIBUTED | 7,381,858 | 8,001,533 | ||
PERSONNEL | 416,226 | 393,112 | ||
Direct Remuneration | 361,822 | 324,552 | ||
Benefits | 22,797 | 43,545 | ||
Government severance indemnity fund for employees - F.G.T.S. | 31,607 | 25,015 | ||
TAXES, FEES AND CONTRIBUTIONS | 4,756,606 | 5,231,875 | ||
Federal | 2,306,866 | 2,747,899 | ||
State | 2,442,550 | 2,467,794 | ||
Municipal | 7,190 | 16,182 | ||
REMUNERATION ON THIRD PARTIES CAPITAL | 933,334 | 735,819 | ||
Interest | 924,891 | 739,405 | ||
Rental | 9,436 | 7,262 | ||
Other | (993) | (10,848) | ||
REMUNERATION ON OWN CAPITAL | 1,275,692 | 1,640,727 | ||
Dividends | 1,207,681 | 1,561,264 | ||
Retained earnings | 68,011 | 79,463 | ||
7,381,858 | 8,001,533 | |||
F - 10
CPFL ENERGIA S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Amounts in thousands of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise indicated)
1. THE COMPANY AND ITS OPERATIONS
CPFL Energia S.A. (CPFL Energia or Company) is a publicly quoted corporation incorporated for the principal purpose of acting as a holding company, participating in the capital of other companies primarily dedicated to electric energy distribution, generation and sales activities.
The Company has direct and indirect interests in the following operational subsidiaries (information on the concession area, number of consumers, energy production capacity and associated data not examined by the independent auditors):
1.1 Distribution activities
Direct interests:
Companhia Paulista de Força e Luz
Companhia Paulista de Força e Luz (CPFL Paulista) is a publicly quoted corporation, public electric energy service concessionaire, operating principally in the distribution of energy to 234 municipalities in the interior of São Paulo State, serving approximately 3.5 million consumers. Among the main municipalities are Campinas, Ribeirão Preto, Bauru and São José do Rio Preto. Its concession term ends in 2027, and may be extended for a further 30-year period. The Company holds 100% of the total capital of CPFL Paulista.
Companhia Piratininga de Força e Luz
Companhia Piratininga de Força e Luz (CPFL Piratininga) is a publicly quoted corporation, public electric energy service concessionaire, operating principally in the distribution of energy to 27 municipalities in the interior and coastal areas of São Paulo State, serving approximately 1.4 million consumers. The main municipalities include Santos, Sorocaba and Jundiaí. Its concession term ends in 2028, and may be extended for a further 30-year period. The Company holds 100% of the total capital of CPFL Piratininga.
Companhia Luz e Força Santa Cruz
Companhia Luz e Força Santa Cruz (CPFL Santa Cruz) is a private corporation and public electric energy service concessionaire, which operates mainly in energy distribution to 24 municipalities located in the State of São Paulo, in the Central-Sorocabana region, and in 3 municipalities in the north of the State of Paraná, serving approximately 174 thousand consumers. The main municipalities include Ourinhos, Avaré and Santa Cruz do Rio Pardo. Its concession term ends in 2015, and may be extended for a further 20 years. The Company holds 99.99% of the total capital of CPFL Santa Cruz.
Rio Grande Energia S.A.
Rio Grande Energia S.A. (RGE) is a publicly quoted corporation and public electric energy service concessionaire, operating principally in the distribution of energy in the northern and northeastern regions of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, serving 262 municipalities and approximately 1.2 million consumers. The main municipalities include Passo Fundo and Caxias do Sul. Its concession term ends in 2027, which may be extended for a further 30 years. The Company directly holds 100% of the capital of RGE.
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Indirect interests:
Companhia Paulista de Energia Elétrica
Companhia Paulista de Energia Elétrica (CPFL Leste Paulista) is a private corporation and public electric energy service concessionaire, which distributes energy to 7 municipalities: São José do Rio Pardo, Casa Branca, Caconde, Divinolândia, Itobi, São Sebastião da Grama and Tapiratiba, located in the State of São Paulo, serving approximately 49 thousand consumers. Its concession term ends in 2015, and may be extended for a further 20 years. The subsidiary CPFL Jaguariúna holds 96.56% of the capital of CPFL Leste Paulista.
Companhia Jaguari de Energia
Companhia Jaguari de Energia (CPFL Jaguari) is a private corporation and public electric energy service concessionaire, which distributes energy to 2 municipalities: Jaguariúna and Pedreira, located in the State of São Paulo, serving approximately 31 thousand consumers. Its concession term ends in 2015, and may be extended for a further 20 years. The subsidiary CPFL Jaguariúna holds 90.15% of the capital of CPFL Jaguari.
Companhia Sul Paulista de Energia
Companhia Sul Paulista de Energia (CPFL Sul Paulista) is a private corporation and public electric energy service concessionaire, which distributes energy to 5 municipalities: Itapetininga, São Miguel Arcanjo, Sarapuí, Guareí and Alambari, located in the State of São Paulo, serving approximately 68 thousand consumers. Its concession term ends in 2015, and may be extended for a further 20 years. The subsidiary CPFL Jaguariúna holds 87.80% of the capital of CPFL Sul Paulista.
Companhia Luz e Força Mococa
Companhia Luz e Força Mococa (CPFL Mococa) is a private corporation and public electric energy service concessionaire, operating mainly in distribution of energy to the municipality of Mococa, in the State of São Paulo and 3 municipalities in the State of Minas Gerais: Arceburgo, Itamogi and Monte Santo de Minas, serving approximately 40 thousand consumers. Its concession term ends in 2015, and may be extended for a further 20 years. The subsidiary CPFL Jaguariúna holds 89.75% of the capital of CPFL Mococa.
1.2 Generation activities
Direct interests:
CPFL Geração de Energia S.A.
CPFL Geração de Energia S.A. (CPFL Geração) is a publicly quoted corporation, operating in the energy generation business as a public utilities concessionaire and participating in the capital of other companies. It owns 19 small hydropower plants (PCHs) and 1 thermal power plant, with total installed capacity of 118.6 MW and 36 MW, respectively, all located in the State of São Paulo. Its concession term ends in 2027 and may be extended for a further 30 years. It also has an interest in the Serra da Mesa Hydropower Plant, located on the Tocantins River in the State of Goiás. The concession and operation of the Hydropower plant belong to Furnas Centrais Elétricas S.A. (FURNAS). These assets were leased to FURNAS under an agreement with a term of 30 years, starting in 1998, which assured CPFL Geração of a share of 51.54% of the installed capacity of 1,275 MW (657 MW) and average assured power of 671 MW (average of 345.8 MW). CPFL Geração also holds the concession and the related assets of the Ponte do Silva small hydropower plant (PCH), with total power of 125 kW, located on the São Luiz River, in the State of Minas Gerais, granted in October 1989 for a 30 year term. The Company holds 100% of the capital of CPFL Geração.
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Indirect interests:
CPFL Sul Centrais Elétricas Ltda.
CPFL Sul Centrais Elétricas Ltda. (CPFL Sul Centrais Elétricas) is a limited liability company and owns four PCHs, in the State of Rio Grande do Sul. The total power of the PCHs is 2.65 MW, with average assured energy of 2.45 MW. The subsidiary CPFL Geração holds 100% of CPFL Sul Centrais Elétricas capital.
BAESA - Energética Barra Grande S.A. (jointly-controlled)
BAESA Energética Barra Grande S.A. (BAESA) is a publicly quoted corporation, whose objective is to construct, operate and exploit the Barra Grande Hydropower Plant (located on the Pelotas River, on the borders of the States of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul), with a planned installed capacity, established in the concession contract, of 690 MW. The three generator units, each with a capacity of 230 MW, started commercial operations in November 2005, February and May 2006. Its concession term ends in 2036, and may be extended in accordance with the conditions established by the Granting Authority. The subsidiary CPFL Geração holds 25.01% of BAESA's capital.
Campos Novos Energia S.A. (jointly-controlled)
Campos Novos Energia S.A. ("ENERCAN") is a private corporation whose objective is to construct, operate and exploit the Campos Novos Hydropower Plant, (located on the Canoas River in the State of Santa Catarina), with planned installed capacity, established in the concession contract, of 880 MW. Commercial operations started in 2007, 2 turbines started operating in February and the last turbine started operating in May. Its concession term ends in 2035, and may be extended in accordance with the conditions established by the Granting Authority. The subsidiary CPFL Geração holds 48.72% of ENERCANs total capital.
CERAN - Companhia Energética Rio das Antas S.A. (jointly-controlled)
The objective of CERAN - Companhia Energética Rio das Antas (CERAN), a private corporation, is to implement and operate the Monte Claro, Castro Alves and 14 de Julho Hydropower Plants (located on the State of Rio Grande do Sul) with planned installed capacity of 360 MW. The Monte Claro Hydropower Plant started operating in December 2004, the Castro Alves plant in March 2008 and 14 de Julho in December 2008. The concession terminates in 2036, and may be extended depending on the conditions established by the Granting Authority. The subsidiary CPFL Geração holds 65.00% of CERANs capital.
Paulista Lajeado Energia S.A.
The objective of Paulista Lajeado Energia S.A. (Paulista Lajeado), a private corporation, is the generation and sale of electric energy. Paulista Lajeado holds 6.93% of the shared concession for the Luis Eduardo Magalhães Hydropower Plant Lajeado, which has an installed capacity of 902.5 MW. Paulista Lajeado also has a 5.91% share in the total capital of Investco S.A. (Investco), which holds the assets of the Hydropower Plant. These assets were leased to the controlling shareholders under a lease agreement in proportion with their participations in the consortium, entitling them to the respective portions of the plants assured energy. The portion relating to Paulista Lajeado's share of the plant's assured energy (6.93%) is negotiated with the subsidiaries CPFL Leste Paulista, CPFL Sul Paulista, CPFL Jaguari and CPFL Mococa. Paulista Lajeados concession term ends in 2032, and may be extended in accordance with the conditions established by the Granting Authority. The subsidiary Jaguari Geração holds 59.93% of the capital of Paulista Lajeado.
Subsidiaries in development
The subsidiary CPFL Geração holds interests in new generating ventures, the total assured energy of which will be available by 2010, increasing its installed capacity, in proportion to its participation, to 2,115 MW. This capacity, together with the installed capacity of the subsidiaries of CPFL Jaguariúna will provide a total consolidated installed capacity of 2,202 MW. These projects are:
F - 13
Foz do Chapecó Energia S.A. (jointly-controlled)
The objective of Foz do Chapecó Energia S.A. (Foz do Chapecó), a private corporation, is to construct, operate and exploit the Foz do Chapecó Hydropower Plant (located on the Uruguay River on the border of the States of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul), with planned installed capacity, established in the concession contract, of 855 MW. Construction work started in 2006 and commercial operations are scheduled to start in 2010. Its concession term ends in 2036, and may be extended in accordance with the conditions established by the Granting Authority. The subsidiary CPFL Geração holds 51.00% of the capital of Foz do Chapecó.
CPFL Bioenergia S.A.
The main objective of CPFL Bioenergia S.A. (CPFL Bioenergia), previously Makelele Participações S.A. (Makelele), a private corporation, is the thermal and steam generation of electric energy using co-generation plants powered by sugarcane waste and straw. On August 15, 2008, CPFL Bioenergia signed a partnership agreement with Baldin Bioenergia for the construction of a 45 MW Thermo-Electric plant powered by sugarcane waste in Pirassununga, in the State of São Paulo. Investment of around R$ 100 million is planned for the project and it is scheduled to start operating in April 2010. CPFL Geração holds 100% of CPFL Bionergias capital.
1.3 Commercialization and service activities
Direct interest:
CPFL Comercialização Brasil S.A.
CPFL Comercialização Brasil S.A. (CPFL Brasil) is a private corporation, and its main objective is to sell energy, provide associated services, linked with or necessary for the sale of energy, and strategic, institutional and financial advisory services for buyers and sellers of electric energy and organizations operating in the national and international energy sector. CPFL Brasil is authorized by ANEEL to act as an electric energy retail agent in the ambit of the Electric Energy Trading Chamber (CCEE). The Company holds 100% of CPFL Brasil's capital.
Indirect interests:
Clion Assessoria e Comercialização de Energia Elétrica Ltda.
Clion Assessoria e Comercialização de Energia Elétrica Ltda (CPFL Meridional) is a limited liability company, in order to sell and provide consultancy services in the electric energy field. It is authorized by Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica ANEEL to act as an electric energy retail agent in the ambit of the CCEE. The subsidiary CPFL Brasil holds 100% of the capital of CPFL Meridional.
CPFL Comercialização Cone Sul S.A.
CPFL Comercialização Cone Sul S.A. (CPFL Cone Sul) is a private corporation, and its objective is to sell energy. It is authorized to act as electric energy retail agent in the ambit of the CCEE. The subsidiary CPFL Brasil holds 100% of the capital of CPFL Cone Sul.
Sul Geradora Participações S.A.
Sul Geradora Participações S.A. (Sul Geradora) is a private corporation with the main purpose of participating in the capital of other companies as a shareholder, quota-holder or in any other capacity. The subsidiary CPFL Brasil holds 99.95% of the capital of Sul Geradora.
CPFL Planalto Ltda.
The objective of CPFL Planalto Ltda (CPFL Planalto), a limited liability company, is to sell energy. It is authorized to act as an electric energy retail agent in the ambit of the CCEE. The subsidiary CPFL Jaguariúna holds 100% of CPFL Planalto's capital.
F - 14
CPFL Serviços, Equipamentos, Indústria e Comércio S.A.
The main objective of CPFL Serviços, Equipamentos, Indústria e Comércio S.A (CPFL Serviços), a private corporation, is the manufacture, commercialization, rental and maintenance of electrical and hydraulic equipment in general, and providing maintenance, electrical installation and other services. The subsidiary CPFL Jaguariúna holds 89.81% of the capital of CPFL Serviços.
CPFL Atende Centro de Contatos e Atendimento Ltda.
CPFL Atende Centro de Contatos e Atendimento Ltda (CPFL Atende), is a Brazilian limited liability company and its objective is to provide call center services in general, especially consumer services, receiving and answering calls from customers, using operators and electronic answering - URA. The initial objective is to provide services to group companies, and subsequently to other companies. The Company holds 100% of CPFL Atendes capital.
1.4 Other Participation Companies
Perácio Participações S.A.
The objective of Perácio Participações S.A. (Perácio), a private corporation, is participation in other companies. It currently owns 100% of the capital of CPFL Jaguariúna. The Company holds 100% of Perácio's capital.
Chumpitaz Participações S.A.
The objective of Chumpitaz Participações S.A. (Chumpitaz), a private corporation, is participation in other companies, besides it doesnt have any participation at this moment. The Company holds 100% of Chumpitaz's capital.
CPFL Jaguariúna S.A.
CPFL Jaguariúna S.A. (CPFL Jaguariúna) is a private corporation and was set up with the main objective of acting as a holding company, and holds direct and indirect shares in public utilities companies that provide generation, distribution and sale of electric energy services. Perácio holds 100% of CPFL Jaguariúna's capital.
Companhia Jaguari de Geração de Energia
Companhia Jaguari de Geração de Energia (Jaguari Geração) is a private corporation and was set up to operate in the generation, distribution and sale of electric energy. Jaguari Geração currently holds 59.93% of the capital of Paulista Lajeado. The subsidiary CPFL Jaguariúna holds 90.15% of the capital of Jaguari Geração.
2007s Restructuring transactions and acquisitions
RGE restructuring transactions
In 2007, several restructuring transactions were made in order to allow RGE to become a wholly-owned subsidiary of CPFL Energia. Those transactions are described below:
F - 15
Merger of Nova 4 by CPFL Santa Cruz
The merger of the subsidiary Nova 4 by the subsidiary CPFL Santa Cruz was authorized by ANEEL and approved on November 14, 2007. The subsidiary CPFL Santa Cruz succeeded to Nova 4 assets, rights and obligations. All CPFL Santa Cruz's balances and transactions are directly reflected in the financial statements of the Company. This restructuring had no effect on the Companys shareholders equity or results of operation on the date of the restructuring.
Merger of CPFL Centrais Elétricas and SEMESA by CPFL Geração
The merger of the indirect subsidiaries CPFL Centrais Elétricas and SEMESA by the parent company CPFL Geração was authorized by ANEEL and Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico Social BNDES, and approved on March 30, 2007. The merged companies were therefore terminated, and the subsidiary CPFL Geração succeeded to their assets, rights and obligations. Analysis of the financial statements as of December 31, 2007 should take into account the effects of the merger of these investments as from January 1, 2007. This restructuring had no effect on the Companys shareholders equity or results of operation on the date of the restructuring.
Foz do Chapecó Corporate Reorganization
The corporate reorganization of Foz do Chapecó, as authorized by ANEEL, was approved on July 16, 2007, and resulted in termination of the Foz do Chapecó Consortium (CEFC) and in Chapecoense Geração S.A. (Chapecoense) becoming a Foz do Chapecó shareholder. However, the restructuring maintained the partners participation in the project (51% of the subsidiary CPFL Geração) now directly in Foz do Chapecó. This restructuring had no effect on the Companys shareholders equity or results of operation on the date of the restructuring.
CPFL Jaguariúna acquisition
In June 2007, the Company signed the final purchase agreement with CMS Electric & Gas, LLC to acquire the equity interest of CPFL Jaguariúna (former CMS Brasil). The acquisition was made through the subsidiary Peracio that acquired 100% of CPFL Jaguariúnas total capital. This transaction was approved by ANEEL in June 2007. The total cost of this acquisition was USD 211 million which amounted to R$ 411,943 after currency translation and other direct costs. The goodwill recorded in this acquisition amounted to R$ 142,793.
2008s Restructuring transactions
CPFL Santa Cruz
The Company received R$ 39,997 on July 15, 2008 in relation to reduction of the capital of CPFL Santa Cruz. The objective of the reduction was to adjust the capital structure to bring it into line with the other distributors in the group. The operation was approved at an Extraordinary General Meeting (EGM) held on June 26, 2008, and did not result in cancellation of shares.
Perácio, CPFL Jaguariúna and subsidiaries
On December 30, 2008, in Authorization Resolution nº 1,737/2008, ANEEL approved corporate restructuring of the subsidiary CPFL Jaguariúna, comprising: i) the merger of Perácio by CPFL Jaguariúna; ii) total spin-off of CPFL Jaguariúna with transfer of the goodwill and the tax benefit to the subsidiaries CPFL Leste Paulista, CPFL Sul Paulista, CPFL Jaguari, CPFL Mococa, CPFL Serviços, CPFL Planalto and Jaguari Geração, and the remaining net equity (assets/liabilities), consisting basically of the investment in the subsidiaries, to the Company; and iii) capital reduction in the subsidiaries CPFL Leste Paulista, CPFL Sul Paulista, CPFL Jaguari and CPFL Mococa of up to R$ 63,000. After conclusion of this transaction , the Company will hold direct control of the subsidiaries (see note 33).
F - 16
2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The financial statements were prepared in accordance with (i) generally accepted accounting principles in Brazil, having fully complied with all the concepts introduced by Law nº 11,638/07 and Provisional Measure nº 449/08, (ii) the Accounting Manual of the Public Electric Energy Service, (iii) the regulations laid down by ANEEL, and (iv) based on the guidelines provided by the Brazilian Committee on Accounting Pronouncements (Comitê de Pronunciamentos Contábeis - CPC) and approved by the Brazilian Securities Commission (Comissão de Valores Mobiliários - CVM).
The accompanying financial statements are a translation and adaptation from those originally issued in Brazil, prepared in accordance with Brazilian Accounting Principles. The Company made certain reclassifications, modifications and changes in terminology in order to conform more closely to reporting practices prevailing in the United States of America.
In 2008, pursuant to Law nº 11,638/07 (see note 2.1 below), Brazilian accounting principles adopted the Statement of Cash Flow to replace the Statement of Source and Use of Funds. The change applied retrospectively to January 1, 2007, so the Company is presenting a Statement of Cash Flow for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007. For the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company is presenting the Statement of Source and Use of Funds as previously issued.
2.1 Initial compliance with Law nº 11,638/07 and Provisional Measure nº 449/08
Law nº 11,638/07 was enacted on December 28, 2007, amending, revoking and adding to the provisions of Brazilian Corporate Law (Law nº 6,404/76), relating to the preparation and disclosure of Financial Statements. On December 3, 2008, Provisional Measure nº 449/08 amended and added to certain aspects of that law and introduced the transition tax regime, among other measures.
The financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 reflect, in all material respects, the changes proposed by Law nº 11,638/07 and Provisional Measure nº 449/08. In compliance with CVM Decision nº 565/08, which approved CPC 13 Initial Compliance with Law nº 11,638/07 and Provisional Measure nº 449/08, the Company and its subsidiaries recorded the changes retroactively to January 1, 2007. Accordingly, the financial statements presented for the year ended December 31, 2007 have been amended to include the retroactive adjustments due to changes of accounting principles. The financial statements presented for the year ended December 31, 2006 have not been amended and are presented as originally issued.
The main changes foreseen in the law that involve adjustments to the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries, effective in 2008, are described below:
F - 17
The effects of the changes in accounting practices and reclassifications on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 and for the income statement for the two years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, when compared to financial statements presented according to the reporting practices prevailing in the United States of America as included in form 20-F, are shown below:
Net income | Shareholders´ equity |
|||||
2008 | 2007 | 2007 | ||||
Position prior to adoption of Law nº. 11,638 | 1,279,566 | 1,643,436 | 4,954,834 | |||
Adjustments: | ||||||
- Derivative contracts | (61,165) | (11,544) | (12,816) | |||
- Financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss | 55,352 | 7,439 | 6,275 | |||
- Lease (*) | (56) | - | - | |||
- Deferred taxes on adjustments above | 1,995 | 1,396 | 2,223 | |||
Subtotal | (3,874) | (2,709) | (4,318) | |||
Position after adoption of Law nº. 11.638 | 1,275,692 | 1,640,727 | 4,950,516 | |||
(*) This adjustment generated a reduction in property, plant and equipment of R$ 5,386, an increase of R$ 6,389 in the balance of other credits and an increase of R$ 1,139 in other accounts payable. The effect of PIS and Cofins on these adjustments is R$ 80.
2008 | 2007 | |||
Reclassifications: | ||||
Assets - From "Financial investments" to "Cash and cash equivalents" | 194,714 | 178,411 | ||
Assets - From "Other" to "Intangible assets" | 34,103 | 53,475 | ||
Assets - From "Property, Plant and Equipment" to "Intangible assets" | 239,273 | 236,767 | ||
Assets - From "Goodwill" to "Intangible assets" | 2,426,760 | 2,565,683 | ||
Income - From "Non-operating income" to "Other operational expenses" | (27,295) | (30,647) |
2.2 Summary of the Principal Accounting Practices
a) Cash and cash equivalents: Include cash balances, bank deposits, bank deposits certificates and short-term financial investments, which are stated at fair value.
b) Financial investments: Financial Investments are stated at the lower of cost plus accrued income earned (on a pro rata temporis basis), or fair value. Short-term financial investments represent debt security held to maturity recognized at amortized cost and trading investments stated at fair value.
c) Accounts receivable: Include the supply of billed and unbilled electric energy to final consumers, and to other concessionaires for electric energy supply, in accordance with amounts provided by the CCEE and balances related to regulatory assets of different kinds, recorded on the accrual basis.
F - 18
d) Allowance for Doubtful Accounts: calculated based on an analysis of the Companys receivable from residential consumers that are over 90 days past due, from commercial consumers that are over 180 days past due, and from other consumers (including public sector entities) that are over 360 days past due. An allowance is also recorded based on an analysis of the balances of the larger consumers for which collection is considered doubtful and the Companys collection experience, including amounts due from public sector entities and those with installment terms.
e) Lease: Transactions that transfer the rights to use the assets from lessor to lessee, including the substantial transfer of the risks and benefits, are classified as finance leases. Other lease transactions are classified as operating leases.
For the lessee, finance lease obligations are measured by their fair value or present value of the minimum lease payments agreed.
For the lessor, lease transaction assets (accounts receivable) are measured by the value of the investments made.
The related gains or losses (difference between the income received and amortization of the investment recorded / financial charges) are appropriated to the result for the duration of the contract, based on the amortized cost method and the effective interest rate.
Rentals received from operating leases are recognized as operating revenue as incurred (accrual basis) during the contract period.
f) Property, plant and equipment: encompasses rights maintained or used in the operation of the Companys business, including those rights received as a result of transactions that transfer to the Company the benefits, risks and control of such assets (financial leasing transactions).
Recorded at purchase, construction or formation cost, including, where applicable, interest, other financial charges and administrative costs. The assets were restated until December 31, 1995 and are net of depreciation calculated by the straight-line method, at annual rates of 2% to 20%, considering the estimated useful life of assets defined by ANEEL.
As established by specific legislation for Electric Energy Public Service, until December 2001, the administrative expenses under property, plant and equipment in progress could be capitalized by apportioning 10% of the expenses on personnel and outsourced services involved in the fixed assets. This criteria was changed from January 2002 to December 2007, when the administrative expenses could be capitalized by apportioning personnel expenses based on the time spent on the activities linked to the investments. Starting in January 2008, as a consequence of a new change in such legislation, the criteria previously established until 2001 turned to be in place.
Significant improvements to property, plant and equipment are capitalized if they extend the useful life of the asset. Routine repairs and maintenance are expensed when incurred. The net results of disposals of fixed assets are recorded as part of other operating expenses.
g) Intangible assets: encompasses rights maintained or used in the operation of the Companys business, including premiums, goodwill, the right to operate the concessions, software and rights of way.
Until December 31, 2008, the goodwill arising from the acquisitions of subsidiaries was amortized in proportion to the net income curves projected for the remaining term of the concession contract of each subsidiary, as determined by ANEEL. As this asset is classified as an intangible asset related to the granting of the concession, it has a predetermined useful life and will continue to be amortized in accordance with the criteria adopted by the Company and its subsidiaries.
Other intangible assets are only amortized if their useful lives can be reasonably estimated.
h) Impairment of assets: The recoverability of property, plant and equipment, intangible assets and deferred charges is tested at least annually, if there are indications that the asset may be impaired. The goodwill and the other intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for impairment annually, independently of expectations of losses. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs related to the sale.
F - 19
i) Monetary Restatement of Assets and Liabilities: Assets and liabilities indexed to inflation or exchange rates variations, in accordance with contractual or legal provisions, are updated to the balance sheet dates and adjusted to their present values, where applicable, when the related contractual rates are lower than the market terms.
j) Income Tax and Social Contribution: are calculated and recorded in accordance with the legislation in effect on the balance sheet dates. The Company and certain subsidiaries recorded in their financial statements the effects of tax credits relating to income tax and social contribution on tax loss carryforwards and temporary differences, supported by expectations of the future generation of income tax and social contribution. The subsidiaries also recorded tax credits in respect of the benefit of the goodwill merged by the subsidiaries, which are amortized in proportion to the projected net income for the remainder of the concession contract of each investee.
In compliance with the provisions of article 15 of Provisional Measure nº 449/08, which introduced the Transition Tax Regime RTT for determination of taxable income, the Company and its subsidiaries decided to adopt the Transition Regime for the year ended December 31, 2008. This option will apply irreversibly to the two-year period 2008 2009, through filing of the Corporate Income Tax Return 2009.
k) Employee Pension Plans: The Companys subsidiaries, together with other energy companies in Brazil, sponsor certain private pension plan foundations to manage its pension funds (defined benefit and defined contribution) and other pension benefits of the its employees.
On December 13, 2000, the CVM enacted Resolution No. 371 (CVM 371/2000), approving the Brazilian Institute of Independent Auditors (IBRACON) Pronouncement on Accounting for Employees Benefit Plans and establishing new accounting practices for computing, recording and disclosing the effects of employee benefit plans in Brazil. CVM Resolution No.371/2000 requires that companies record pension and post-retirement benefits on an accrual basis. In accordance with CVM Resolution No.371/2000, the Company elected to record the actuarial liabilities in excess of plan assets as of December 31, 2001 based on the projected unit credit method and amortized the effect over five years, up to December 31, 2006.
l) Reserves for contingencies: A reserve for contingencies is recognized by the Companys management based on their assessment, evaluating the risks involved in lawsuits in which loss is considered probable and quantified based on economic grounds, as assessed by management and the legal counsel in legal opinions on the existing cases and other contingency-related facts known at the balance sheet dates. The reserve for contingencies is presented, net of its related escrow deposit pursuant to CVM Resolution No. 489.
m) Loans and financing and Debentures: Restated in accordance with the monetary and exchange variations, including charges when classified as financial liabilities at amortized cost, and recorded at their fair value, when classified as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss.
n) Derivatives: Up to December 31, 2006, the Company accounted for derivatives on an accrual basis. Starting on January 1, 2007, as a result of Law 11,638/07, derivatives are classified as financial assets or liabilities at fair value through profit or loss. The company uses derivatives to manage the risks of variations in the exchange rates and interest on certain liabilities. These contracts, as of January 1, 2007 are measured at fair value and the gains and losses are stated in financial income (expense) and, for all periods presented, the Company has not applied hedge accounting. The Company does not enter into derivative for speculative purposes.
o) Income: Revenue and expense are recorded on the accrual basis. Revenue from electric energy distribution is recognized based on tariffs that are regulated by ANEEL, when the electricity is provided. Unbilled revenue from the billing cycle through the end of each month is accrued based on the actual amount of energy provided during the month and the annualized energy loss rate. Differences between estimated and actual unbilled revenues, which historically have not been significant, are recognized in the following month. Revenue from the sale of electricity generation is recorded based on assured energy provided at rates specified under contract terms or prevailing market rates. All revenues are presented in a gross basis and the taxes on revenues are presented as a Deduction from Operating Revenues.
F - 20
No single customer accounted for 10% or more of the Companys revenues for any of the three years 2008, 2007 and 2006. The credits on operating costs and expense offset in determination of PIS and COFINS are stated net in the respective costs and expenses accounts.
p) Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in accordance with Brazilian Accounting Principles requires the Companys management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses in the financial statements. Although these estimates are based on the Companys knowledge of current events and actions the Company may undertake in the future, actual results may ultimately differ from those estimates. Management reviews such assumptions and estimates at least once a year.
q) Share and per share information: As required by Brazilian accounting principles, share and per share information refers to the historical number of shares effectively outstanding at the balance sheet date. Earnings per share are determined by dividing the Companys net income for the year by the number of shares outstanding at year-end.
2.3 Consolidation Principles
The Company accounts for investments in jointly-controlled subsidiaries using proportionate consolidation. All notes to the consolidated financial statements have also been prepared on a proportionate-consolidation basis. The Company calculates the proportionate-consolidation method by applying its percentage ownership interest to the financial statements of its jointly-controlled subsidiaries. The use of the proportionate-consolidation method has been approved by the CVM. Although the use of the proportionate-consolidation method as compared to the equity method of accounting from a financial presentation perspective impacts almost all areas of the Companys consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of income, it does not impact the Companys consolidated shareholders equity or net income (loss).
The consolidated financial statements cover the balances and transactions of the Company and its subsidiaries CPFL Paulista, CPFL Piratininga, CPFL Serra (up to June 30, 2007), RGE (as of July 1, 2007), Nova 4 (up to October 30, 2007), CPFL Santa Cruz (as of November 1, 2007), CPFL Geração, CPFL Brasil, Chumpitaz, Perácio and CPFL Atende. The asset, liability, income and expense balances were fully consolidated.
Prior to consolidation into the Company's financial statements, the financial statements of CPFL Geração, CPFL Brasil and Perácio are consolidated with those of their subsidiaries, fully (majority) controlled subsidiaries or proportionally (jointly) controlled subsidiaries.
In compliance with the conditions described above, the portion relating to the non-controlling shareholders is stated separately in liabilities and income statements for the fiscal year.
All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Additionally, the accounting principles of the subsidiaries are consistent with those used by the Company, in accordance with initial compliance with Law nº 11,638/07 and Provisional Measure nº 449/08 (see Note 2.1) .
F - 21
The Company's subsidiaries, by segment, are as follows:
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
Consolidation | Equity Interest - % | Equity Interest - % | ||||||||
Subsidiary | Method | Direct | Indirect | Direct | Indirect | |||||
Energy Distribution | ||||||||||
Companhia Paulista de Força e Luz. | Full | 100.00 | - | 100.00 | - | |||||
Companhia Piratininga de Força e Luz | Full | 100.00 | - | 100.00 | - | |||||
Companhia Luz e Força Santa Cruz | Full | 99.99 | - | 99.99 | - | |||||
Rio Grande Energia S.A. | Full | 100.00 | - | 100.00 | - | |||||
Companhia Paulista de Energia Elétrica | Full | - | 96.56 | - | 96.56 | |||||
Companhia Jaguari de Energia | Full | - | 90.15 | - | 90.15 | |||||
Companhia Sul Paulista de Energia | Full | - | 87.80 | - | 87.80 | |||||
Companhia Luz e Força Mococa | Full | - | 89.75 | - | 89.75 | |||||
Energy Generation | ||||||||||
CPFL Geração de Energia S.A | Full | 100.00 | - | 100.00 | - | |||||
CPFL Sul Centrais Elétricas Ltda | Full | - | 100.00 | - | 100.00 | |||||
CPFL Bioenergia S.A | Full | - | 100.00 | - | 100.00 | |||||
Paulista Lajeado Energia S.A. | Full | - | 54.03 | - | 54.03 | |||||
BAESA - Energética Barra Grande S.A | Proportionate | - | 25.01 | - | 25.01 | |||||
Campos Novos Energia S.A | Proportionate | - | 48.72 | - | 48.72 | |||||
CERAN - Companhia Energética Rio das Antas | Proportionate | - | 65.00 | - | 65.00 | |||||
Foz do Chapecó Energia S.A | Proportionate | - | 51.00 | - | 51.00 | |||||
Energy Commercialization and Services | ||||||||||
CPFL Comercialização Brasil S.A | Full | 100.00 | - | 100.00 | - | |||||
Clion Assessoria e Comercialização de Energia Elétrica Ltda. | Full | - | 100.00 | - | 100.00 | |||||
CPFL Comercialização Cone Sul S.A | Full | - | 100.00 | - | 100.00 | |||||
Sul Geradora Participações S.A | Full | - | 99.95 | - | 99.95 | |||||
CPFL Planalto Ltda | Full | - | 100.00 | - | 100.00 | |||||
CPFL Atende Centro de Contatos e Atendimento Ltda | Full | 100.00 | - | - | - | |||||
CPFL Serviços, Equipamentos, Indústria e Comércio S.A | Full | - | 89.81 | - | 89.81 | |||||
Holding Company | ||||||||||
Perácio Participações S.A | Full | 100.00 | - | 100.00 | - | |||||
Chumpitaz Participações S.A. | Full | 100.00 | - | 100.00 | - | |||||
CPFL Jaguariúna S.A | Full | - | 100.00 | - | 100.00 | |||||
Companhia Jaguari de Geração de Energia | Full | - | 90.15 | - | 90.15 |
F - 22
3. REGULATORY ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
A summary of the regulatory assets and liabilities recorded is as follows:
Current | Noncurrent | |||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||
Assets | ||||||||
Accounts receivable (note 6) | ||||||||
RTE Extraordinary tariff adjustment | 328 | 3,448 | - | 456 | ||||
Free energy | 457 | 1,924 | 145 | 480 | ||||
Tariff review | - | 14,590 | - | - | ||||
Discounts TUSD (*) and irrigation | 34,510 | 64,235 | 7,451 | 19,637 | ||||
Other financial components | 6,694 | 1,769 | 364 | 95 | ||||
41,989 | 85,966 | 7,960 | 20,668 | |||||
Deferred cost variations | ||||||||
Parcel "A" | 234,659 | 343,233 | 1,648 | 167,716 | ||||
CVA (**) | 403,570 | 189,216 | 155,787 | 38,178 | ||||
638,229 | 532,449 | 157,435 | 205,894 | |||||
Prepaid expenses (note 9) | ||||||||
Increase in PIS and COFINS | 258 | 25,097 | - | - | ||||
Energy surpluses and shortages | 43,069 | 81,704 | 55,404 | 28,605 | ||||
Discounts TUSD Generation | 3,504 | - | - | - | ||||
Low income consumers' subsidy - Losses | 41,050 | 55,967 | 33,337 | - | ||||
Other financial components | 6,225 | 21,211 | 211 | 42 | ||||
94,106 | 183,979 | 88,952 | 28,647 | |||||
Liabilities | ||||||||
Suppliers (note 14) | ||||||||
Free energy | (29,216) | (35,609) | - | (223) | ||||
Deferred gains variations | ||||||||
Parcel "A" | (15,360) | (9,668) | - | (4,890) | ||||
CVA | (150,511) | (220,370) | (40,779) | (63,499) | ||||
(165,871) | (230,038) | (40,779) | (68,389) | |||||
Other liabilities (note 21) | ||||||||
Tariff review | (34,034) | - | (659) | - | ||||
Discounts TUSD and irrigation | (752) | - | (45) | - | ||||
Refund to consumer - IRT recalculated | - | (26,213) | - | - | ||||
Increase in PIS and COFINS | (124,888) | (113,964) | - | - | ||||
Energy surpluses and shortages | (59,098) | (130) | - | (12) | ||||
Low income consumers' subsidy - Gains | (13,092) | (8,553) | (61) | (71) | ||||
Other financial components | (16,573) | (1,500) | (606) | (54) | ||||
(248,437) | (150,360) | (1,371) | (137) | |||||
Total | 330,800 | 386,387 | 212,197 | 186,460 | ||||
(*) |
Network Usage Charge TUSD |
(**) |
Deferred Tariff Costs and Gains Variations from Parcel "A" itens - ("CVA") |
F - 23
a) Rationing (RTE, Free Energy and Parcel A)
At the end of 2001, as a result of the Emergency Program for the Reduction of Electric Energy Consumption, in effect between June 2001 and February 2002, the generators, the power distributors and the Federal Government signed the "Overall Agreement for the Electric Energy Sector". The agreement introduced an Extraordinary Tariff Increase of 2.9% on energy supplied to residential consumers (except those regarded as "low income consumers") and for rural and public lighting, and 7.9% for all other consumers, as a mechanism to reimburse the energy sector for the losses incurred as a result of this program.
This adjustment is being used to offset the following regulatory assets recorded by the subsidiaries:
a.1) Extraordinary Tariff Adjustment (RTE)
Corresponds to the loss of revenue determined by comparison of the sales revenues from energy effectively recorded in the rationing period, and projected revenue for this period, not taking into account the effects of the Energy Rationing Program.
Due to the end of the period stipulated for recovery of RTE, the subsidiaries CPFL Paulista and CPFL Piratininga recorded losses of R$ 115,863 and R$ 36,227, respectively, in 2007, writing off accounts receivable and the provision for losses on RTE. The subsidiaries CPFL Leste Paulista, CPFL Jaguari and CPFL Mococa realized the full amount of RTE in June 2005, December 2004 and December 2006, respectively.
The RTE balance for this year relates to the indirect subsidiary CPFL Sul Paulista, which recorded a provision for losses of R$ 2,659, based on the projections of estimated income, considering the growth in its market and expectations of inflation, interest and regulatory aspects. The deadline established by ANEEL for recovery of RTE by CPFL Sul Paulista is January 2009.
a.2) Electric energy from Independent Suppliers (Free Energy)
Corresponds to the energy produced and made available to the consumer market during the rationing period by the independent producers and self-producers of energy.
The distribution utilities collected the funds from the consumer through the extraordinary tariff adjustment and passed them on to the generators, according to percentage established to each concessionaire, recording an asset and a liability. These amounts are monetarily restated in accordance with the ANEEL instructions.
As a result of the end of the term for collection of RTE in 2007, the subsidiaries CPFL Paulista and CPFL Piratininga recorded Free Energy losses of R$ 135,545 and R$ 53,210, respectively. The asset was written off against the Other Operating Expenses - Sales and the liability was written off in Other Operating Income, having no effects on the net income of the subsidiaries. The subsidiary CPFL Sul Paulista established a provision for losses on free energy of R$ 2,148. As this will be passed on to the generators, a provision for the same amount was recorded in liabilities, without effects on the net income (loss).
In the case of the subsidiary RGE, the Free Energy regulatory asset derives from the assignment, by the distributor, of its quota of Itaipu to the rationing program.
As in the case of the RTE, as of December 31, 2008, the subsidiaries RGE and CPFL Geração have a reserve for losses on realization of Free Energy amounting to a total of R$ 7,670. The subsidiary CPFL Geração also recorded a loss of R$ 5,501 related to a pass-through from distributors whose terms for receipt have already ended.
F - 24
a.3) Parcel A
Corresponds to the variation in the financial amounts of non-manageable costs representing Parcel "A" of the concession contracts, between January 1 and October 25, 2001. These amounts are restated based on the variation in the SELIC rate.
The subsidiary CPFL Paulista started to offset Parcel A beginning in January 2008, using a mechanism similar to that used for the RTE. For the subsidiary CPFL Sul Paulista, amortization of Parcel A will start from February 2009, over the period required to reach the amount recorded. In the case of the subsidiaries CPFL Piratininga, CPFL Santa Cruz, CPFL Leste Paulista, CPFL Mococa and CPFL Jaguari, Parcel A was amortized in May 2008, November 2007, September 2005, March 2007 and August 2005, respectively.
For the subsidiary CPFL Piratininga, due to the need to bill for the full monthly cycle, collection was in excess of the existing balance, and this amount was submitted to ANEEL in the 2008 Tariff Adjustment process. Accordingly, the process of refunding consumers by offsetting against tariffs commenced after ratification, as of October 2008. The remaining liability at the end of the year was R$ 8,197.
The changes in the balances related to RTE, Free Energy and Parcel A, are shown below:
Free Energy (2) | Parcel "A" | |||||||
RTE (1) | Asset | Liability | Net (3) | |||||
Ratified Amount | 925,347 | 374,639 | (355,579) | 231,029 | ||||
Monetary restatement | 728,540 | 291,780 | (289,791) | 427,136 | ||||
Losses | (152,090) | (194,256) | 188,755 | - | ||||
Provision for losses | (2,659) | (9,818) | 2,148 | - | ||||
Amount amortized | (1,498,810) | (461,743) | 425,251 | (437,218) | ||||
Balances to be Amortized as of | ||||||||
December 31, 2008 | 328 | 602 | (29,216) | 220,947 | ||||
(1) | ANEEL resolutions nº 480/02, 481/02 and 01/04. |
(2) | ANEEL resolutions nº 483/02 and 01/04. |
(3) | ANEEL resolutions nº 482/02 and 01/04. |
b) Tariff Review and Tariff Adjustment
b.1) 2nd cycle of Tariff Review
ANEEL provisionally established the tariff adjustment and the financial components for the tariff review on February 3, 2008 for the subsidiaries, CPFL Santa Cruz, CPFL Jaguari, CPFL Mococa, CPFL Leste Paulista and CPFL Sul Paulista, on April 8, 2008 for the subsidiary CPFL Paulista, on April 19, 2008 for the subsidiary RGE and on October 23, 2007 for the subsidiary CPFL Piratininga, as follows:
F - 25
CPFL Santa Cruz |
CPFL Jaguari |
CPFL Mococa |
CPFL Leste Paulista |
CPFL Sul Paulista |
CPFL Paulista |
RGE | CPFL Piratininga |
|||||||||
Verified Revenue | 213,312 | 87,989 | 54,148 | 77,145 | 92,390 | 5,175,546 | 1,950,452 | 2,136,914 | ||||||||
Sector Charges | 21,504 | 12,294 | 4,687 | 8,072 | 10,594 | 540,872 | 191,388 | 257,170 | ||||||||
Purchase of Electric Energy | 85,546 | 46,524 | 21,357 | 26,643 | 37,956 | 2,394,482 | 948,665 | 954,779 | ||||||||
Energy Transmission | 17,281 | 9,767 | 4,945 | 8,139 | 10,140 | 378,791 | 184,654 | 211,926 | ||||||||
Parcel A total | 124,331 | 68,585 | 30,989 | 42,854 | 58,690 | 3,314,145 | 1,324,707 | 1,423,875 | ||||||||
Gross Interest on Capital | 14,894 | 4,880 | 3,658 | 11,696 | 7,745 | 351,310 | 179,713 | 154,530 | ||||||||
Depreciation | 10,594 | 2,492 | 1,816 | 4,322 | 4,230 | 252,111 | 97,139 | 81,098 | ||||||||
Reference Company | 42,555 | 11,794 | 13,419 | 16,581 | 19,602 | 542,368 | 241,662 | 244,232 | ||||||||
Default | 1,463 | 220 | 126 | 187 | 225 | 34,603 | 14,548 | 12,619 | ||||||||
Parcel B total | 69,506 | 19,386 | 19,019 | 32,786 | 31,802 | 1,180,392 | 533,062 | 492,479 | ||||||||
Income Required (Parc. A + B) | 193,837 | 87,971 | 50,008 | 75,640 | 90,492 | 4,494,537 | 1,857,769 | 1,916,354 | ||||||||
(-) Other Income | (1,291) | (291) | (411) | (569) | (860) | (27,276) | (12,171) | (13,152) | ||||||||
Income Required, net | 192,546 | 87,680 | 49,597 | 75,071 | 89,632 | 4,467,261 | 1,845,598 | 1,903,202 | ||||||||
Financial Components | 5,013 | (1,079) | 1,366 | 777 | (524) | 3,336 | 187,320 | 15,767 | ||||||||
CVA | (174) | (1,201) | 836 | (3,307) | (963) | (74,512) | 32,364 | 3,918 | ||||||||
Energy surpluses and shortages | (16) | - | - | - | - | (27,534) | 2,801 | (3,304) | ||||||||
Low Income Subsidy | 2,844 | (176) | 58 | 318 | 304 | 30,534 | 723 | - | ||||||||
Discounts on TUSD and Irrigation Subsidy | 5,247 | - | 357 | 996 | 19 | 60,717 | 50,984 | 8,342 | ||||||||
Connection and Frontier Charges | 81 | 34 | 104 | 2,357 | - | 9,666 | 56 | 5,744 | ||||||||
"Light for All" Program | 1,178 | 9 | (39) | 64 | (13) | 3,401 | (466) | - | ||||||||
Provision Subsidy for Cooperatives | - | - | - | - | - | - | 104,725 | - | ||||||||
Other components | (4,147) | 255 | 50 | 349 | 129 | 1,064 | (3,867) | 1,067 | ||||||||
Financial Repositioning | -9.73% | -0.35% | -8.40% | -2.69% | -2.98% | -13.69% | -5.38% | -10.94% | ||||||||
Financial Components | 2.60% | -1.23% | 2.75% | 1.04% | -0.58% | 0.08% | 10.15% | 0.83% | ||||||||
Total Repositioning | -7.13% | -1.58% | -5.65% | -1.65% | -3.57% | -13.61% | 4.77% | -10.11% | ||||||||
Xe Factor | 0.22% | 2.10% | 0.24% | 1.07% | 1.31% | 0.83% | 0.66% | 0.73% | ||||||||
Effect perceived by consumers (*) | -8.14% | -3.56% | -8.15% | -1.45% | -7.11% | -17.21% | 2.52% | -15.29% |
(*) Represents the average effect perceived by consumers, as a result of the elimination from the tariff base of financial components added in the annual adjustment for the previous year.
Through Ratification Resolution No. 716, of October 21, 2008, ANEEL amended the provisional result of the 2007 periodic tariff view for the subsidiary CPFL Piratininga, due to the provisional incorporation of one of the methodological improvements submitted to the Public Hearing process AP 52/2007, relating to the increase in the percentage of irrecoverable income from 0.5% to 0.6% . Additionally, the income recorded was amended as a result of the use of tariffs without discounts in the composition of the verified income, in order to align to the methodology adopted by ANEEL for the second tariff review cycle. As a result of these changes, the tariff adjustment changed from -10.94% to -11.76%, without alteration of the Xe factor, which was provisionally maintained at 0.73% .
In the case of all the companies, the provisional nature of the tariff review is due to the Reference Company and the Xe factor. Additionally, the remuneration bases of the subsidiaries RGE and CPFL Santa Cruz are also on a provisional basis, while the financial component for the subsidiary CPFL Paulista is linked to energy surpluses and shortages (see Note 3c.5). See also note 33 about the second cycle of tariff reviews final approval for the subsidiaries CPFL Santa Cruz, CPFL Jaguari, CPFL Mococa, CPFL Leste Paulista e CPFL Sul Paulista.
b.2) 2008 Tariff Adjustments
Through Ratification Resolution No. 717, of October 21, 2008, ANEEL established the annual tariff adjustment for the subsidiary CPFL Piratininga at an average percentage of 16.54%, composed as follows: 10.92% in relation to the annual tariff adjustment and 5.62% in relation to the financial components external to the annual adjustment.
The average percentage adjustment to be applied for captive consumers is 15.03% .
F - 26
The adjustment authorized by ANEEL comprises the following items:
CPFL | ||
Piratininga | ||
Verified Revenue | 2,029,124 | |
Sector Charges | 304,080 | |
Purchase of Electric Energy | 1,083,246 | |
Energy Transmission | 237,569 | |
Parcel A | 1,624,895 | |
Parcel B | 625,758 | |
Income Required (Parc. A + B) | 2,250,653 | |
(-) Other Income | - | |
Income Required, net | 2,250,653 | |
Financial Components | 126,610 | |
CVA | 56,400 | |
Energy surpluses and shortages | (11,439) | |
Advances | 33,069 | |
Discount on TUSD | 14,834 | |
Connection and Frontier Charges | 42,248 | |
Parcel "A" liability to be offset | (9,847) | |
Other components | 1,345 | |
Financial Repositioning | 10.92% | |
Financial Components | 5.62% | |
Total Repositioning | 16.54% |
A Xe factor of 0.73% was also provisionally applied as a reduction factor for Parcel B in the 2008 tariff adjustment. The energy surpluses and shortages financial component was also provisionally taken into consideration (see 3c.5).
c) Financial components
c.1) Tariff review
CPFL Paulista
In 2007, by Ratification Resolution nº 443, ANEEL amended the final result of the first Periodic Tariff Review of the subsidiary CPFL Paulista, approved in April 2005, adjusting the energy supply tariffs by 20.66%, due to a review of the calculation of the average depreciation percentage used in the 2003 tariff review. The difference in income resulting from the change in the tariff adjustment from 20.29% to 20.66%, and of the Xe component of the X Factor from 1.1352% to 1.2530%, corresponds to a financial adjustment of R$ 44,868, including the effects of PIS and COFINS, which is being offset in the 2007 tariff adjustment.
CPFL Piratininga
In 2006, by Ratification Resolution nº 385, and in answer to the application filed by Bandeirante Energia S.A. (Bandeirante) for reconsideration of the tariff review, ANEEL amended the amounts of the subsidiary CPFL Piratininga remuneration base.
In accordance with this amendment, ANEEL established that the electric energy supply tariffs should be reset at 10.14% . Accordingly, in line with the new provisional percentage established by ANEEL, the subsidiary CPFL Piratininga recorded a regulatory asset in Consumers, Concessionaires and Licensees of R$ 26,970 in 2006, including PIS and COFINS, amortized until October, 2007.
F - 27
ANEEL Order nº 3209, of October 22, 2007, ratified the result of the subsidiary CPFL Piratininga first tariff Review, making it final.
CPFL Santa Cruz
In line with the principal of reasonable tariffs and the economic and financial equilibrium of the concession contract, in February 2004, during the first tariff review cycle, ANEEL ruled that the Parcel B differences in the approved percentage would be added to the Parcel B of subsequent tariff adjustments for the subsidiary CPFL Santa Cruz. Accordingly, in January 2008, the subsidiary recorded the last portions of the deferral and amortization in relation to this financial component.
As mentioned in Note 3b.1, the 2008 tariff review for the subsidiary CPFL Santa Cruz was established on a provisional basis. However, in the 2009 tariff adjustment process, ANEEL permanently confirmed the result of the review (note 33). Accordingly, in order to reflect the effects of the Remuneration Base and Reference Company for the appropriate accrual period, the subsidiary CPFL Santa Cruz recorded a liability to consumers of R$ 3,374, set against a reversal of income.
RGE
As mentioned in Note 3b.1, in 2008, ANEEL provisionally established the result of the second tariff review cycle of the subsidiary RGE, while definition of its Remuneration Base remains pending. In the light of discussions and preliminary figures produced by the regulatory agency, the subsidiary conservatively recorded a provision (reversal of income) of R$ 25,961, in relation to the effects on the 2008 financial statements. The subsidiary will continue to discuss the matter with the regulatory agency and will make the final adjustment after ratification of the final result, expected in the next tariff adjustment (April 2009).
CPFL Jaguari, CPFL Mococa, CPFL Leste Paulista and CPFL Sul Paulista
As mentioned in Note 3b.1, the 2008 tariff review of the subsidiaries CPFL Jaguari, CPFL Mococa, CPFL Leste Paulista and CPFL Sul Paulista was established on a provisional basis (note 33). However, in the 2009 tariff adjustment process, ANEEL permanently confirmed the result of the review. Accordingly, in order to reflect the effects of the Reference Company for the appropriate accrual period, the subsidiaries recorded a liability to consumers of R$ 5,358, set against a reversal of income.
c.2) Discounts TUSD and Irrigation
The subsidiaries record regulatory assets for the special discounts applied on the TUSD to the free consumers, in respect of supplying electric energy from alternative sources and on irrigation and hydroculture activities.
As of the 2008 tariff review, ANEEL established tariff advances in relation to the anticipation of these discounts for the next tariff period. The difference between the amount taken into consideration in this tariff review and the amount actually realized is calculated monthly and will be taken into consideration in the next tariff adjustment.
c.3) CVA
Relates to the mechanism for offsetting the variations in unmanageable costs incurred by the electric energy distribution concessionaires. These variations are calculated in accordance with the difference between the expenses effectively incurred and the expenses estimated at the time of establishing the tariffs in the annual tariff adjustments. The amounts taken into consideration in the CVA are restated at the SELIC rate.
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The net balances of CVA assets and liabilities, separated by type and accrual period, are shown below:
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||
Ratified | Not Ratified | Ratified | Not Ratified | |||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | Total | 2007 | 2006 | 2007 | Total | |||||||||
Itaipu pass-through | (67,922) | 23,102 | (77,745) | (122,565) | (48,260) | (406) | (120,173) | (168,839) | ||||||||
Electric Energy Costs | 68,080 | (33,937) | 174,732 | 208,875 | 116,741 | 1,193 | 55,068 | 173,002 | ||||||||
Proinfa | 7,966 | (3,614) | (9,463) | (5,111) | 7,099 | 193 | (4,112) | 3,180 | ||||||||
CCC | 10,181 | 26,619 | 68,742 | 105,542 | (44,644) | 255 | (10,572) | (54,961) | ||||||||
Transmission from Itaipu | (40) | 262 | 3,546 | 3,768 | (977) | 72 | (1,498) | (2,403) | ||||||||
Basic Network | 4,594 | (2,771) | 25,886 | 27,709 | (426) | (5,020) | (4,975) | (10,421) | ||||||||
ESS | 21,183 | 1,224 | 126,981 | 149,388 | 320 | 235 | (9,263) | (8,708) | ||||||||
CDE | 2,253 | (3,354) | 1,562 | 461 | 7,971 | 330 | 4,356 | 12,657 | ||||||||
Financial Offsetting | 7 | (7) | - | - | 27 | (9) | - | 18 | ||||||||
46,302 | 7,524 | 314,241 | 368,067 | 37,851 | (3,157) | (91,169) | (56,475) | |||||||||
c.4) Increase in PIS and COFINS
Refers to the difference between the costs relating to PIS and COFINS calculated in accordance with the current legislation, and those incorporated in the tariff until April 2005 for the subsidiary CPFL Paulista and October 2005 for the subsidiary CPFL Piratininga.
The amounts approved in 2007 and 2006 were recorded as assets and amortized until April 2008.
In view of the discussions in respect of the nature of this credit, the Company conservatively opted to record a liability of the same amount, posted in the account Other Accounts Payable (note 21).
c.5) Energy surpluses and shortages
Electric energy distribution concessionaires are obliged to guarantee 100% of their energy and power market through contracts approved, registered and ratified by ANEEL. The distribution concessionaires are also assured that costs or income derived from energy surpluses and shortages will be passed on to the tariffs, limited to 3% of the energy load requirement. Additionally, in the light of the provisions of REN nº 255/2007, ANEEL established that short-term energy shortfalls should also be treated in accordance with the energy surpluses and shortages pass-through methodology.
In the review and tariff adjustment processes, respectively, of the subsidiaries CPFL Paulista and CPFL Piratininga, ANEEL provisionally recalculated the tariff pass-throughs for energy surpluses and shortages, as of December 31, 2007.
On analyzing the process, the subsidiaries reviewed their procedures and made the accounting adjustments in relation to the energy supply agreement with the subsidiary CPFL Brasil. In this context, and conservatively, until completion of the final tariff review and tariff adjustment process, the subsidiaries made the following accounting entries in fiscal year 2008:
a) The distributors recorded a provision for accounts receivable from the subsidiary CPFL Brasil of R$ 61,438, set against energy revenues, energy cost and financial income, amounting to R$ 22,683, R$ 30,307 and R$ 8,448, respectively. This resulted in a provision for reduction of the energy surpluses and shortages asset of R$ 33,092, a provision of R$ 23,691 for the energy surpluses and shortages liability and a net CVA liability of R$ 1,270, set against the energy cost of R$ 52,989 and financial expense of R$ 5,064;
b) For the subsidiary CPFL Brasil, recording of a provision for accounts payable of R$ 61,438, set against the reversal of the energy supply income and financial expense of R$ 52,990 and R$ 8,448, respectively.
Conservatively, and in order to fully cover the amounts approved by the Regulatory Agency, the distributors also recorded in 2008 provisions for realization of assets and provisions for liabilities related to energy surpluses and shortages, relating to seasonal effects and losses, as provisionally established by ANEEL, reflecting the following accounting entries:
F - 29
a) Recording of a provision for reduction of the energy surpluses and shortages asset of R$ 82,631, provision for the energy surpluses and shortages liability of R$ 50,293, set against the energy cost of R$ 131,096 and financial expense of R$ 1,828. As part of this liability is already included in the Companys tariff review, the amount is being amortized and as of December 31, 2008 the remaining balance was R$ 27,882;
b) Recording of a CVA asset of R$ 11,611, set against the energy cost of R$ 11,537 and financial income of R$ 74.
We stress that these provisions will be maintained until ANEEL finalizes its analyses and ratifies the final result of the tariff review and adjustment.
c.6) Low Income Consumers Subsidy
Law nº 10.438, of April 26, 2002 and Decree nº 4.336, of August 15, 2002, established new guidelines and criteria for classification of consumer units in the low-income residential subcategory. According to the legislation, this new criteria encompasses consumer units served by monophase circuits, with average monthly consumption in the last 12 months of less than 80kWh, and consumer units with average monthly consumption in the last 12 months of 80 to 220kWh, provided certain specific requirements are complied with, such as enrollment in Federal Government Social Programs.
Since the subsidies granted to consumers are to be offset, it was decided that, as from the 2008 tariff review, part of this subsidy will be reimbursed through the tariff in the ambit of the concessionaire itself (in accordance with the DNAEE Administrative Ruling) and the remaining part (in accordance with Law nº 10.438) through the receipt of CDE funds. These procedures were consolidated with the publication of REN No. 325/08, however, in view of the impossibility of reimbursement with CDE funds, due to the lack of resources for this purpose, the receivables recorded will be offset through the tariff, in the next annual tariff adjustment, as a financial component. With regard to the difference in income that was to be offset through the tariff, this was covered by a tariff advance in order to avoid compromising the Concessionaires cash flow. The difference between the amount of this advance taken into consideration in the tariff review or adjustment and the amount actually realized is recorded monthly to be offset in the next tariff adjustment.
c.7) Refund to Consumers Recalculation IRT
On establishing the annual tariff adjustment (IRT) of the subsidiary CPFL Paulista on April 3, 2007, in Ratification Resolution nº 445, and in order to review the PIS and COFINS amounts of the generators, ANEEL recalculated the electric energy cost of the first 2005 and 2006 IRT contracts. As the cost of electric energy affects adjustment of the consumer tariff and calculation of CVA, the recalculation, which resulted in a reduction in the average energy price, generated a liability to be reimbursed to the consumers and an additional CVA asset. Also, the CVA amounts approved by ANEEL in the 2007 IRT excluded the electric energy contract surpluses. These effects basically explain the adjustments recorded in March 2007 (and related amounts realized to April 2008) of R$ 98,635 recorded in Other Accounts Payable (note 21), and R$ 177,710, recorded in Deferred tariff cost variations, set against Cost of Electric Energy (note 24).
F - 30
The changes in the 2006, 2007 and 2008 balances are as follows:
Operating reveue (note 23) |
Cost of electric energy services (note 24) | Deductions from operating revenue |
Operating expense (note 25) |
Financial income / (expense) - (note 26) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
December 31 2005 |
Addition due to acquisition of subsidiaries |
Deferral | Amort. | Deferral | Amort. | Deferral | Amort. | Deferral | Provision for losses |
Cash | Deferral | Remuner. | December 31 2006 |
|||||||||||||||
Extraordinary tariff adjustment | 417,012 | - | - | (257,983) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 51,488 | 210,517 | ||||||||||||||
Free energy | (7,399) | (108) | - | (103,406) | - | - | - | - | - | (1,038) | 98,510 | - | (14,850) | (28,291) | ||||||||||||||
Parcel "A" | 475,906 | 3,187 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 71,753 | 550,846 | ||||||||||||||
Tariff review | (70,082) | 6,686 | 37,372 | 98,010 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3,443 | 75,429 | ||||||||||||||
Discounts TUSD and Irrigation | 2,412 | 107 | 46,792 | (10,688) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 425 | 39,048 | ||||||||||||||
CVA | 246,015 | 23,667 | - | - | 2,818 | (174,551) | 67,245 | (126,593) | - | - | - | (10,899) | 35,064 | 62,766 | ||||||||||||||
Increase in PIS and COFINS | 41,474 | 12,389 | - | - | - | - | - | (35,124) | - | - | - | - | 1,079 | 19,818 | ||||||||||||||
Energy surpluses and shortages | 44,212 | - | - | - | 13,986 | (22,629) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 35,569 | ||||||||||||||
Low Income Consumers Subsidy | 41,783 | (451) | 19,701 | 4,134 | - | - | - | - | - | - | (22,237) | - | (233) | 42,697 | ||||||||||||||
Other financial components | 44,233 | 70 | 1,427 | (24,648) | 39,256 | - | (7,062) | - | (2,096) | - | (3,216) | - | 884 | 48,848 | ||||||||||||||
Total net | 1,235,566 | 45,547 | 105,292 | (294,581) | 56,060 | (197,180) | 60,183 | (161,717) | (2,096) | (1,038) | 73,057 | (10,899) | 149,053 | 1,057,247 | ||||||||||||||
Operating reveue (note 23) |
Cost of electric energy services (note 24) |
Deductions from operating revenue |
Operating expense (note 25) |
Financial income / (expense) - (note 26) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
December 31 2006 |
Addition due to acquisition of subsidiaries |
Deferral | Amort. | Deferral | Amort. | Deferral | Amort. | Deferral | Amort. | Provision for losses |
Cash | Deferral | Remuner. | December 31 2007 |
||||||||||||||||
Extraordinary tariff adjustment | 210,517 | 5,249 | - | (223,660) | - | - | - | - | - | - | (8,744) | - | - | 20,542 | 3,904 | |||||||||||||||
Free energy | (28,291) | (837) | - | (76,364) | - | - | - | 2,230 | - | - | (991) | 67,515 | - | 3,310 | (33,428) | |||||||||||||||
Parcel "A" | 550,846 | 1,723 | - | - | - | (90,315) | - | (26,923) | - | (720) | - | - | - | 61,780 | 496,391 | |||||||||||||||
Tariff review | 75,429 | 2,099 | 14,611 | (78,158) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 609 | 14,590 | |||||||||||||||
Discounts TUSD and Irrigation | 39,048 | 2,511 | 77,489 | (38,690) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3,514 | 83,872 | |||||||||||||||
CVA | 62,766 | (8.185) | - | - | 174,074 | (181,511) | (88,481) | (5,741) | - | - | - | - | (15,917) | 6,520 | (56,475) | |||||||||||||||
Increase in PIS and COFINS | 19,818 | (55) | - | - | - | - | 569 | (102,384) | - | - | - | - | - | (6,815) | (88,867) | |||||||||||||||
Energy surpluses and shortages | 35,569 | 557 | - | - | 99,270 | (25,229) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 110,167 | |||||||||||||||
Low Income Consumers Subsidy | 42,697 | 428 | 10,834 | 3,100 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (9,198) | - | (518) | 47,343 | |||||||||||||||
Refund to Consumers - Recalculation IRT | - | - | - | - | (98,635) | 72,422 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (26,213) | |||||||||||||||
Other financial components | 48,848 | 1,323 | 19,216 | (38,894) | 3,288 | (677) | 1,289 | - | 591 | 55 | - | (16,029) | - | 2,553 | 21,563 | |||||||||||||||
Total net | 1,057,247 | 4,813 | 122,150 | (452,666) | 177,997 | (225,310) | (86,623) | (132,818) | 591 | (665) | (9,735) | 42,288 | (15,917) | 91,495 | 572,847 | |||||||||||||||
Operating reveue (note 23) |
Cost of electric energy services (note 24) |
Deductions from operating revenue |
Operating expense (note 25) |
Financial income / (expense) - (note 26) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances as of 2007 |
Deferral | Amort. | Deferral | Amort. | Deferral | Amort. | Deferral | Amort. | Provision for losses |
Cash | Deferral | Remuner. | Balances as of 2008 |
|||||||||||||||
Extraordinary tariff adjustment | 3,904 | - | (3,542) | - | - | - | - | - | - | (638) | - | - | 604 | 328 | ||||||||||||||
Free energy | (33,428) | - | (1,058) | - | - | - | - | - | - | (162) | 5,664 | - | 370 | (28,614) | ||||||||||||||
Parcel "A" | 496,391 | 393 | - | - | (253,791) | - | (63,075) | - | 274 | - | - | - | 40,755 | 220,947 | ||||||||||||||
Tariff review | 14,590 | (32,849) | (15,340) | - | - | - | - | (1,115) | - | - | - | - | 21 | (34,693) | ||||||||||||||
Discounts TUSD and Irrigation | 83,872 | 36,366 | (82,001) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2,927 | 41,164 | ||||||||||||||
CVA | (56,475) | - | - | 256,888 | (39,488) | 99,487 | 58,729 | - | (19) | - | - | 43,980 | 4,965 | 368,067 | ||||||||||||||
Increase in PIS and COFINS | (88,867) | - | - | - | - | - | (24,916) | - | - | - | - | - | (10,847) | (124,630) | ||||||||||||||
Energy surpluses and shortages | 110,167 | - | - | 34,020 | (95,136) | (7,427) | - | - | - | - | - | - | (2,249) | 39,375 | ||||||||||||||
Discount Tusd Generators | - | 11,679 | (8,175) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3,504 | ||||||||||||||
Low Income Consumers Subsidy | 47,343 | 65,299 | (2,356) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (48,934) | - | (118) | 61,234 | ||||||||||||||
Refund to Consumers - Recalculation IRT | (26,213) | - | - | - | 26,213 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||
Other financial components | 21,563 | (11,533) | (6,336) | 180 | (1,865) | 6,839 | (3,825) | 134 | (2,250) | - | (6,167) | 149 | (574) | (3,685) | ||||||||||||||
Total net | 572,847 | 69,355 | (118,808) | 291,088 | (364,067) | 98,899 | (33,087) | (981) | (1,995) | (800) | (49,437) | 44,129 | 35,854 | 542,997 | ||||||||||||||
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4. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
2008 | 2007 | |||
Bank deposits | 122,928 | 679,937 | ||
Cash equivalents | 614,919 | 426,371 | ||
Total | 737,847 | 1,106,308 | ||
The cash equivalents comprise short term operations with national financial institutions under normal market conditions and rates, with daily liquidity, low credit risk and average interest of 100% of the Interbank Deposit rate (CDI).
5. FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS
The Company carries financial investments classified as Held to maturity and investment securities for trading, as follows:
- Held to maturity: On April 28, 2005, through a Private Granting of Credit Agreement, the Company acquired the credit arising from the Purchase and Sale of Electricity Agreement between CESP Companhia Energética de São Paulo (seller) and CPFL Brasil (purchaser), referring to the supply of energy for a period of 8 years. The amounts handed over by the Company to CESP will be settled using the funds arising from the acquisition of energy produced by that company for CPFL Brasil.
The Credit acquired by the Company earns interest of 17.5% p.a., plus the annual variation of the IGP-M. The balance as of December 31, 2008 is R$ 125,366 (R$ 132,076 in 2007), of which R$ 38,249 (R$ 34,555 in 2007) is classified as current assets.
- Investments for trading: The remaining balance in the amount of R$ 9,669 (R$ 484 in 2007) refers to debt security trading investments stated at fair value.
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6. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
A breakdown of the balance as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, mainly derived from energy sales is presented, below:
Past due | Total | |||||||||
Balances Coming due |
Up to 90 days |
More than 90 days |
2008 | 2007 | ||||||
Current | ||||||||||
Consumer Classes | ||||||||||
Residential | 249,448 | 152,949 | 16,596 | 418,993 | 425,219 | |||||
Industrial | 164,461 | 55,690 | 37,346 | 257,497 | 284,661 | |||||
Commercial | 101,591 | 38,698 | 21,257 | 161,546 | 181,987 | |||||
Rural | 23,277 | 7,936 | 1,786 | 32,999 | 40,954 | |||||
Public Administration | 26,533 | 3,563 | 2,130 | 32,226 | 38,172 | |||||
Public Lighting | 50,556 | 4,238 | 35,921 | 90,715 | 66,484 | |||||
Public Service | 22,723 | 7,344 | 1,465 | 31,532 | 41,407 | |||||
Billed | 638,589 | 270,418 | 116,501 | 1,025,508 | 1,078,884 | |||||
Unbilled | 355,626 | - | - | 355,626 | 421,552 | |||||
Financing of Consumers' Debts | 10,126 | 3,576 | 12,029 | 25,731 | 40,860 | |||||
Regulatory assets (note 3) | 41,989 | - | - | 41,989 | 85,966 | |||||
CCEE Transactions | 49,880 | - | - | 49,880 | 38,876 | |||||
Concessionaires and Licensees | 166,005 | - | - | 166,005 | 85,682 | |||||
Other | 56,289 | - | - | 56,289 | 65,968 | |||||
Total | 1,318,504 | 273,994 | 128,530 | 1,721,028 | 1,817,788 | |||||
Noncurrent | ||||||||||
Financing of Consumers' Debts | 151,572 | - | - | 151,572 | 152,549 | |||||
Regulatory assets (note 3) | 7,960 | - | - | 7,960 | 20,668 | |||||
CCEE Transactions | 41,301 | - | - | 41,301 | 41,797 | |||||
Concessionaires and Licensees | 85,311 | - | - | 85,311 | - | |||||
Total | 286,144 | - | - | 286,144 | 215,014 | |||||
Financing of Consumers' Debts - Refers to the negotiation of overdue accounts receivable from consumers, principally public organizations. Payment of some of these credits is guaranteed by the debtors, in the case of public entities, by pledging the bank accounts through which their ICMS revenue is received. Allowances for doubtful accounts are based on best estimates of the subsidiaries' managements for unsecured amounts and losses regarded as probable (note 7).
Electric Energy Trading Chamber (CCEE) transactions - The amounts refer to the sale of electric energy on the short-term market in the period from September 2000 to December 2008. The noncurrent amount receivable mainly comprises: (i) legal adjustments, established as a result of suits brought by agents in the sector; (ii) lawsuits challenging the CCEE accounting for the period from September 2000 to December 2002; (iii) provisional accounting entries established by the CCEE; and (iv) amounts negotiated bilaterally pending settlement. The subsidiaries consider that there is no significant risk on the realization of these assets and consequently no provision was posted in the accounts.
Concessionaires and Licensees - Refers basically to accounts receivable in respect of the supply of electric energy to other Concessionaires and Licensees, mainly by the subsidiaries CPFL Geração and CPFL Brasil, and to transactions relating to the partial spin-off of Bandeirante by the subsidiary CPFL Piratininga. The amounts are set off against accounts payable, through a settlement of accounts.
In 2008, amounts receivable from AES Tietê S/A were also recorded by the subsidiaries CPFL Paulista and CPFL Leste Paulista, for use of the distribution system, and the respective pass-through (recording of accounts payable) for CTEEP Companhia de Transmissão de Energia Elétrica Paulista in respect of the charge for use of the Border Transmission System. This negotiation, representing a pass-through of charges, resulted from sector regulations which, as from July 2004, attribute the responsibility for settlement of the portion of the generator connected to the CTEEP 138 kV transmission system to the respective distribution concessionaire, within its concession area.
F - 33
AES Tietê challenged the collection of this charge, and did not make the payment. The subsidiary CPFL Paulista, in turn, under a preliminary injunction, did not pay CTEEP and recorded a contingent liability of R$ 11,259 for the period August 2004 to April 2005.
Under an agreement made between the parties involved, through the intermediary of ANEEL, the amounts will be settled both by the generator, and passed on by the subsidiaries to CTEEP, in 36 monthly installments as from January 2009, restated at the SELIC rate. The subsidiaries recorded the amounts receivable from AES Tietê in the following accounts: R$ 127,965 in the accounts receivable account, set against Operating Income TUSD of R$ 109,655 (Note 23) and R$18,310 in Financial income Monetary and Exchange Adjustments (Note 26), and recorded the amount of R$ 116,706 to be passed on to CTEEP in the account Suppliers Network Usage Charges (Note 14), set against Cost of Electric Energy Basic Network Charges (Note 24) of R$ 98,396 and Financial expense Monetary and Exchange Adjustments of R$ 18,310.
7. ALLOWANCE FOR DOUBTFUL ACCOUNTS
The changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts during 2008, 2007 and 2006 are as follows:
Balance as of December 31, 2005 | (54,361) | |
Assets included due to acquisition of equity interests | (12,767) | |
Additional allowance recorded | (111,494) | |
Recovery of assets | 28,170 | |
Write-off of accounts receivable | 50,843 | |
Balance as of December 31, 2006 | (99,609) | |
Assets included due to acquisition of equity interests | (7,943) | |
Additional allowance recorded | (80,483) | |
Recovery of assets | 32,949 | |
Write-off of accounts receivable | 59,447 | |
Balance as of December 31, 2007 | (95,639) | |
Additional allowance recorded | (75,679) | |
Recovery of assets | 39,094 | |
Write-off of accounts receivable | 49,762 | |
Balance as of December 31, 2008 | (82,462) | |
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8. RECOVERABLE TAXES
The balances as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 are as follows:
2008 | 2007 | |||
Current | ||||
Social Contribution Prepayments - CSLL | 12,254 | 8,653 | ||
Income Tax Prepayments - IRPJ | 4,896 | 10,051 | ||
Social Contribution and Income Tax | 26,335 | 10,766 | ||
Withholding Income Tax - IRRF | 69,010 | 71,825 | ||
ICMS (State VAT) | 40,432 | 64,221 | ||
PIS (Tax on Revenue) | 3,323 | 2,457 | ||
COFINS (Tax on Revenue) | 11,095 | 8,594 | ||
INSS (Social Security) | 1,689 | 1,831 | ||
Other | 5,260 | 3,356 | ||
Total | 174,294 | 181,754 | ||
Noncurrent | ||||
Social Contribution Tax - CSLL | 27,316 | 24,966 | ||
Income Tax - IRPJ | 3,399 | 840 | ||
PIS (Tax on Revenue) | 2,787 | 3,044 | ||
COFINS (Tax on Revenue) | - | 859 | ||
ICMS (State VAT) | 66,942 | 69,508 | ||
Other | 1,504 | 730 | ||
Total | 101,948 | 99,947 | ||
In noncurrent assets, the balance of Social Contribution Tax refers to the final favorable outcome in a lawsuit brought by the subsidiary CPFL Paulista. The subsidiary CPFL Paulista is still awaiting the result of administrative proceedings in the Federal Revenue Service to offset the credit.
9. PREPAID EXPENSES
Current | Non current | |||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||
Regulatory assets - (note 3) | 94,106 | 183,979 | 88,952 | 28,647 | ||||
Other | 7,776 | 18,742 | 10,258 | 14,464 | ||||
Total | 101,882 | 202,721 | 99,210 | 43,111 | ||||
F - 35
10. DEFERRED TAXES
10.1 - Composition of the income tax and social contribution credits:
2008 | 2007 | |||
Social Contribution Credit on: | ||||
Tax Loss Carryforwards | 38,828 | 34,637 | ||
Tax Benefit on Merged Goodwill | 199,103 | 234,114 | ||
Temporarily Nondeductible Differences | 84,568 | 68,592 | ||
Subtotal | 322,499 | 337,343 | ||
Income Tax Credit on: | ||||
Tax Loss Carryforwards | 94,056 | 83,091 | ||
Tax Benefit of Merged Goodwill | 672,154 | 714,041 | ||
Temporarily Nondeductible Differences | 250,205 | 200,218 | ||
Subtotal | 1,016,415 | 997,350 | ||
Credits of PIS and COFINS on: | ||||
Temporarily Nondeductible Differences | 13,966 | - | ||
Total | 1,352,880 | 1,334,693 | ||
Current | 220,144 | 168,485 | ||
Noncurrent | 1,132,736 | 1,166,208 | ||
1,352,880 | 1,334,693 | |||
Expected Recovery
The estimates for recovery of the noncurrent deferred tax credits derived from tax loss carryforwards, temporary nondeductible differences and tax benefit on merged goodwill are based on projections of future income examined by the Fiscal Council and approved by the Boards of Directors.
10.2 - Tax Benefit on Merged Goodwill:
The tax benefit on merged goodwill refers to the tax credit calculated on the merged goodwill on acquisition of permanent interests and is recorded in accordance with CVM Instructions nº 319/99 and nº 349/01. The benefit is realized in proportion to amortization of the merged goodwill, in accordance with the projected net income of the subsidiaries during the remaining term of the concession.
F - 36
10.3 Accumulated balances on temporary nondeductible differences:
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
Social Contribution Tax (CSLL) |
Income Tax (IRPJ) |
PIS and COFINS |
Social Contribution Tax (CSLL) |
Income Tax (IRPJ) |
||||||
Reserve for Contingencies | 11,506 | 47,154 | - | 12,262 | 44,745 | |||||
Pension Plan Expenses | 4,770 | 14,247 | - | 5,914 | 17,425 | |||||
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts | 6,779 | 18,831 | - | 8,883 | 24,672 | |||||
Provision for losses on the realization of RTE | 239 | 665 | - | 404 | 1,121 | |||||
Research and Development and Energy Efficiency Programs | 16,243 | 45,114 | - | 14,000 | 38,888 | |||||
Profit Sharing | 1,845 | 5,875 | - | 1,604 | 5,138 | |||||
Differences in depreciation rates due to property, plant and equipment revaluation | 11,036 | 30,651 | - | 11,109 | 30,859 | |||||
Regulatory liability - Increase in PIS and COFINS | 11,010 | 30,582 | - | 8,105 | 22,512 | |||||
Provision for energy surpluses and shortages (Note 3 c.5) | 13,456 | 37,379 | 13,886 | - | - | |||||
Tariff Review - Remuneration Basis | 2,819 | 7,830 | - | - | - | |||||
Effects of Law nº 11,638/07 and MP nº 449/08 (Note 2) | 1,153 | 3,200 | 80 | 591 | 1,642 | |||||
Other | 3,712 | 8,677 | - | 5,720 | 13,216 | |||||
Total | 84,568 | 250,205 | 13,966 | 68,592 | 200,218 | |||||
10.4 - Reconciliation of the amounts of income tax and social contribution reported in the income statements for 2008, 2007 and 2006:
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
Social contribution tax (CSLL) |
Income tax (IRPJ) |
Social contribution tax (CSLL) |
Income tax (IRPJ) |
Social contribution tax (CSLL) |
Income tax (IRPJ) |
|||||||
Income before taxes | 1,921,699 | 1,921,699 | 2,472,550 | 2,472,550 | 2,171,091 | 2,171,091 | ||||||
Statutory tax rates | 9% | 25% | 9% | 25% | 9% | 25% | ||||||
Tax expense at statutory tax rates | (172,953) | (480,425) | (222,530) | (618,138) | (195,398) | (542,773) | ||||||
Nondeductible goodwill amortization | (9,743) | (38,477) | (7,817) | (35,912) | (5,640) | (34,720) | ||||||
Nondeductible supplementary monetary restatement | (1,427) | - | (1,602) | - | (1,721) | - | ||||||
Dividends received from noncontrolling investments | - | - | 8 | 22 | 420 | 1,167 | ||||||
Differences in depreciation rates due to property, plant and equipment revaluation | - | - | - | - | 5,330 | 14,805 | ||||||
Effect of presumed profit system | 3,823 | 12,742 | 2,880 | 10,330 | - | - | ||||||
Other additions/deductions, net | 1,592 | 4,359 | (3,529) | (4,153) | (509) | (2,324) | ||||||
Subtotal tax expense | (178,708) | (501,801) | (232,590) | (647,851) | (197,518) | (563,845) | ||||||
Tax credit allocated | 9,751 | 34,520 | 486 | 53,326 | 9,700 | 17,400 | ||||||
Total Tax expense | (168,957) | (467,281) | (232,104) | (594,525) | (187,818) | (546,445) | ||||||
Current tax expense | (177,629) | (488,671) | (202,083) | (560,363) | (172,998) | (477,036) | ||||||
Deferred tax expense | 8,672 | 21,390 | (30,021) | (34,162) | (14,820) | (69,409) |
Intangible asset (goodwill) amortization - Refers to the amortization of goodwill derived from the acquisition of investee companies, which is nondeductible for the income taxes purposes.
Realization of Supplementary Monetary Restatement - CMC - Refers to depreciation of the portion of incremental cost of the complementary restatement introduced by Law 8,200/90, which is not deductible for purposes of determination of social contribution.
Differences in depreciation rates due to property, plant and equipment revaluation - refers mainly to the difference between the depreciation rate used by the subsidiary RGE, as a result of the revaluation of assets and that applied to the equity. The lower depreciation of the subsidiary RGE generates additional income and social contribution taxes, and beginning 2006, these taxes have been deferred in the consolidated financial statements.
Effect of presumed profit system Refers to the effect of a different income tax methodology, used to register and collect income taxes and social contribution to a specific subsidiary, in 2007.
Tax Credit Allocated Credit recorded by the Company on tax loss carryforwards in the light of the additional amount calculated as a result of the review of the Companys projections. In 2007, it relates mainly to the tax benefit on goodwill of R$ 40,234 on the merger of SEMESA by the subsidiary CPFL Geração.
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11. OTHER CREDITS
The composition of the balance is as follows:
Current | Noncurrent | |||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||
Receivables from CESP | 24,021 | 18,277 | 11,964 | 27,204 | ||||
Receivables from BAESA's shareholders | 14,147 | - | 28,296 | 31,794 | ||||
Advances - Fundação CESP | 5,700 | 5,732 | - | - | ||||
Pledges, Funds and Tied Deposits | 436 | 3,137 | 92,977 | 121,403 | ||||
Fund Tied to Foreign Currency Loans | - | - | 30,023 | 17,778 | ||||
Orders in Progress | 16,571 | 19,018 | 2,379 | - | ||||
Services Rendered to Third Parties | 19,279 | 19,979 | 42 | - | ||||
Reimbursement RGR | 5,309 | 3,340 | 766 | 707 | ||||
Advance Energy Purchase Agreements | 2,548 | 8,129 | 40,598 | 29,845 | ||||
Other | 22,782 | 33,740 | 14,285 | 3,089 | ||||
Total | 110,793 | 111,352 | 221,330 | 231,820 | ||||
Receivables from CESP: Refers to receivables from CESP by the subsidiary CPFL Paulista, arising from settlements made through the distribution concessionaires of São Paulo in 1993. The balance is monetarily restated according to the variation of the U.S. dollar, plus interest calculated on 50% of quarterly Libor and a spread of 0.40625% p.a., with final maturity in January 2010.
Receivables from BAESAs shareholders: From November 1, 2005 to April 30, 2008, differences in the prices used in billing energy sold to the shareholders, different payment terms and other factors resulted in variations in contributions from the shareholders towards the results of the indirect subsidiary BAESA. To settle this question, the BAESAs shareholders agreed in 2007 that the excess contributions made by the subsidiary CPFL Geração should be restated in accordance with the variation in the CDI rate and offset over 36 months as from January, 2009 by an increase in the price of energy billed to the shareholders Alcoa Alumínio, Companhia Brasileira de Alumínio, Camargo Corrêa Cimentos and DME Energética, and a reduction in the price to the subsidiary CPFL Geração. A credit of R$ 31,794 was recorded in 2007, and in June 2008, as a result of the final agreement, the accounts receivable were increased by R$ 7,295, set against Other Operating Income.
From May 1, 2008, the question of the differences in contribution towards BAESA's income was solved through approval by ANEEL of restructuring of the energy sales contracts, whereby BAESA sells the energy quota corresponding to its participation to the subsidiary CPFL Geração under the same conditions and prices as the other shareholders, and the subsidiary CPFL Geração trades this energy with the subsidiaries CPFL Paulista and CPFL Piratininga.
Advances Fundação CESP: Refer to advances to employee welfare programs and operational maintenance of the entity.
Pledges, Funds and Tied Deposits: These represent collateral offered to guarantee CCEE operations.
Fund Tied to Foreign Currency Loans: These are guarantees offered when negotiating or renegotiating loans.
Services Rendered to Third Parties: Refers to accounts receivable for services provided to consumers in relation to electric energy distribution.
Refund of RGR: Refers to amounts to be offset in relation to the difference between the RGR - Global Reversal Reserve approved by ANEEL and the amount actually incurred, based on property, plant and equipment in use.
Advance Energy Purchase Agreements: Refers to prepayments of energy purchases by the subsidiaries, which will be liquidated on delivery of the energy to be supplied.
F - 38
12. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the composition of Property, plant and equipment is as follows:
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
Depreciation | Historical | Accumulated | Net Value | Net Value | ||||||
rate (%) | Cost | Depreciation | ||||||||
In Service | ||||||||||
- Distribution | 7,856,250 | (4,021,720) | 3,834,530 | 3,623,139 | ||||||
Land | 52,034 | - | 52,034 | 52,464 | ||||||
Buildings, Constructions and Improvements | 2 and 4 | 174,058 | (104,655) | 69,403 | 77,278 | |||||
Machinery and Equipment | 2 to 10 | 7,525,057 | (3,841,846) | 3,683,211 | 3,461,062 | |||||
Vehicles | 10 and 20 | 75,850 | (57,985) | 17,865 | 19,330 | |||||
Furniture and Fixtures | 10 | 29,251 | (17,234) | 12,017 | 13,005 | |||||
- Generation | 2,104,478 | (195,410) | 1,909,068 | 1,343,451 | ||||||
Land | 29,777 | - | 29,777 | 15,394 | ||||||
Reservoirs, Dams and Pipeline | 2 to 5 | 778,853 | (59,868) | 718,985 | 678,007 | |||||
Buildings, Constructions and Improvements | 2 and 4 | 548,796 | (43,811) | 504,985 | 196,519 | |||||
Machinery and Equipment | 2 to 10 | 744,100 | (90,112) | 653,988 | 451,551 | |||||
Vehicles | 10 and 20 | 1,085 | (638) | 447 | 691 | |||||
Furniture and Fixtures | 10 | 1,867 | (981) | 886 | 1,289 | |||||
- Commercialization | 195,036 | (81,314) | 113,722 | 124,988 | ||||||
Land | 276 | - | 276 | 277 | ||||||
Buildings, Constructions and Improvements | 2 and 4 | 13,361 | (9,542) | 3,819 | 4,288 | |||||
Machinery and Equipment | 2 to 10 | 166,648 | (63,921) | 102,727 | 112,832 | |||||
Vehicles | 10 and 20 | 7,252 | (4,477) | 2,775 | 3,402 | |||||
Furniture and Fixtures | 10 | 7,499 | (3,374) | 4,125 | 4,189 | |||||
- Administration | 152,561 | (96,973) | 55,588 | 52,279 | ||||||
Land | 4,833 | (987) | 3,846 | 3,301 | ||||||
Buildings, Constructions and Improvements | 2 and 4 | 63,404 | (34,041) | 29,363 | 27,351 | |||||
Machinery and Equipment | 2 to 10 | 31,273 | (24,298) | 6,975 | 7,568 | |||||
Vehicles | 10 and 20 | 10,302 | (5,414) | 4,888 | 2,294 | |||||
Furniture and Fixtures | 10 | 42,749 | (32,233) | 10,516 | 11,765 | |||||
- Leased assets | 940,455 | (241,218) | 699,237 | 722,093 | ||||||
Land | 4,675 | - | 4,675 | 4,675 | ||||||
Reservoirs, Dams and Pipeline | 2 to 5 | 105,853 | (22,650) | 83,203 | 85,321 | |||||
Buildings, Constructions and Improvements | 2 to 4 | 523,039 | (121,779) | 401,260 | 412,734 | |||||
Machinery and Equipment | 2 to 10 | 306,795 | (96,741) | 210,054 | 219,310 | |||||
Vehicles | 10 and 20 | 14 | (14) | - | - | |||||
Other | 10 | 79 | (34) | 45 | 53 | |||||
11,248,780 | (4,636,635) | 6,612,145 | 5,865,950 | |||||||
In Progress | ||||||||||
- Distribution | 265,767 | - | 265,767 | 203,867 | ||||||
- Generation | 692,458 | - | 692,458 | 801,336 | ||||||
- Commercialization | 15,559 | - | 15,559 | 9,739 | ||||||
- Administration | 32,459 | - | 32,459 | 22,010 | ||||||
1,006,243 | - | 1,006,243 | 1,036,952 | |||||||
Subtotal | 12,255,023 | (4,636,635) | 7,618,388 | 6,902,902 | ||||||
Special Obligations linked to the Concession | (1,004,041) | (919,096) | ||||||||
Total Property, Plant and Equipment | 6,614,347 | 5,983,806 | ||||||||
The assets and installations used for generation, distribution and sales are tied to these services, and may not be removed, disposed of, assigned or given in mortgage guarantee without prior authorization from the Regulatory Agency. ANEEL regulates the release of assets and concessions of the Public Electric Energy Service, granting prior authorization for the release of assets that are of no use to the concession, when intended for sale, establishing that the proceeds of the sale should be deposited in a tied bank account for investment in the concession.
The average depreciation rate of the assets is approximately 5.00% p.a. for the distributors and 2.6% p.a. for the generators.
F - 39
Leased Assets: The leased assets refer principally to the assets of the Serra da Mesa Power Plant, leased to the concession holder (Furnas), for a 30-year period, ending in 2028 (see details in note 1). The assets are depreciated over their estimated useful life at annual rates defined by ANEEL, and in accordance with general conditions of the concession agreement held by FURNAS.
On termination of the concession, these assets and facilities revert to the Granting Authority, in return for compensation.
Construction in progress: The balance mainly refers to work in progress on the projects of the operating subsidiaries and/or those under development, particularly the Foz do Chapecó generation project, with total property, plant and equipment of R$ 1,237,829 (R$ 631,293 proportional to the participation of the subsidiary CPFL Geração).
The interest on the loans taken by the projects to finance the construction is being or has been capitalized during the construction phase, and a total of R$ 77,299 (R$ 29,976 in 2007) was recorded in the consolidated financial statements.
Special Obligations linked to the Concession: Special obligations linked to electric energy utility concession represent amounts received principally from the Federal, State and Municipal Governments, and consumers to be invested in the Companys property, plant and equipment. As from the second cycle of the periodic tariff review, each distribution subsidiary has commenced amortizing its special obligations prospectively, using the depreciation rates applied for depreciation of the Property, plant and equipment.
Concession Agreements: On signing their respective Concession Agreements, the jointly-controlled subsidiaries CERAN, ENERCAN, BAESA and Foz do Chapecó and the indirect subsidiary Paulista Lajeado assumed obligations to the Federal Government in relation to the granting of the concession, as Public Utilities. The liabilities are restated annually by the variation in the General Market Price Index IGP-M and as of December 31, 2008 are as follows:
Public utilities liabilities | ||||||||||||||
Annual amount | Total amount | Payment | ||||||||||||
Companies | Total | CPFL Energia interest |
Total | CPFL Energia interest |
Number of parcel |
Number of installment |
Final | |||||||
CERAN | 6,282 | 4,083 | 182,178 | 118,416 | 348 | Mar/2007 | Feb/2036 | |||||||
ENERCAN | 1,656 | 807 | 47,058 | 22,928 | 341 | Jun/2006 | Oct/2034 | |||||||
BAESA | 17,016 | 4,255 | 493,464 | 123,395 | 348 | Jun/2007 | May/2036 | |||||||
Foz do Chapecó | 34,392 | 17,540 | 962,976 | 491,118 | 336 | Dec/2008 | Nov/2036 | |||||||
Paulista Lajeado (*) | 239 | 129 | 6,922 | 3,739 | 348 | Jan/2004 | Jan/2033 | |||||||
TOTAL | 59,585 | 26,814 | 1,692,598 | 759,596 | ||||||||||
(*) The total amount relates to the Paulista Lajeado's interest of 6.93% on the concession agreement.
The subsidiaries CERAN, ENERCAN, BAESA and Paulista Lajeado record the amounts as expenses in accordance with the contractual maturities.
Impairment test
As of December 31, 2008, the Company conducted impairment tests on property, plant and equipment, as described in Note 13.2.
F - 40
13.INTANGIBLE ASSETS
2008 | 2007 | |||
Intangible concession asset | 2,386,482 | 2,578,511 | ||
Other intangible assets | 313,654 | 277,414 | ||
Total | 2,700,136 | 2,855,925 | ||
13.1 Breakdown of the Intangible Concession Asset
2008 | 2007 | Annual amortization rate | ||||||||||
Historical Cost | Accumulated | |||||||||||
Amortization | Net Value | Net Value | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||
Intangible asset acquired, | ||||||||||||
not merged | ||||||||||||
Parent company | ||||||||||||
CPFL Paulista | 304,861 | (59,539) | 245,322 | 266,153 | 6.23% | 6.63% | ||||||
CPFL Piratininga | 39,065 | (7,446) | 31,619 | 34,235 | 6.70% | 6.25% | ||||||
CPFL Geração | 54,555 | (11,405) | 43,150 | 46,519 | 6.21% | 6.17% | ||||||
RGE | 3,150 | (191) | 2,959 | 3,150 | 6.07% | - | ||||||
Other | 26 | (2) | 24 | 26 | 0% to 11.81% | - | ||||||
401,657 | (78,583) | 323,074 | 350,083 | |||||||||
Subsidiaries | ||||||||||||
CPFL Jaguariúna | 142,793 | (21,978) | 120,815 | 137,677 | 11.81% | 7.33% | ||||||
ENERCAN | 10,233 | (914) | 9,319 | 9,814 | 4.83% | 4.10% | ||||||
Barra Grande | 3,081 | (649) | 2,432 | 2,636 | 6.65% | 7.18% | ||||||
Foz do Chapecó | 7,319 | - | 7,319 | 7,319 | - | - | ||||||
Other | 17,518 | (10,318) | 7,200 | 8,279 | 4.99% to 11.65% | 4.99% to 12.12% | ||||||
180,944 | (33,859) | 147,085 | 165,725 | |||||||||
582,601 | (112,442) | 470,159 | 515,808 | |||||||||
Intangible asset acquired | ||||||||||||
and merged Deductible | ||||||||||||
Subsidiaries | ||||||||||||
RGE | 1,120,266 | (700,284) | 419,982 | 442,667 | 4.50% | 3.67% | ||||||
CPFL Geração | 426,450 | (186,986) | 239,464 | 254,900 | 5.74% | 5.26% | ||||||
1,546,716 | (887,270) | 659,446 | 697,567 | |||||||||
Intangible asset acquired | ||||||||||||
and merged Reassessed | ||||||||||||
Parent company | ||||||||||||
CPFL Paulista | 1,074,026 | (283,336) | 790,690 | 857,635 | 6.23% | 6.63% | ||||||
CPFL Piratininga | 115,762 | (22,066) | 93,696 | 101,448 | 6.70% | 6.25% | ||||||
RGE | 310,127 | (28,891) | 281,236 | 299,410 | 5.88% | 3.06% | ||||||
CPFL Santa Cruz | 61,685 | (12,044) | 49,641 | 58,970 | 15.12% | 15.55% | ||||||
1,561,600 | (346,337) | 1,215,263 | 1,317,463 | |||||||||
Subsidiaries | ||||||||||||
CPFL Leste Paulista | 21,131 | (8,561) | 12,570 | 14,402 | 8.67% | 8.38% | ||||||
CPFL Sul Paulista | 20,941 | (8,633) | 12,308 | 14,107 | 8.59% | 8.44% | ||||||
CPFL Jaguari | 20,026 | (8,272) | 11,754 | 13,468 | 8.56% | 8.43% | ||||||
CPFL Mococa | 8,444 | (3,462) | 4,982 | 5,696 | 8.49% | 8.48% | ||||||
70,542 | (28,928) | 41,614 | 47,673 | |||||||||
Subtotal | 1,632,142 | (375,265) | 1,256,877 | 1,365,136 | ||||||||
Total | 3,761,459 | (1,374,977) | 2,386,482 | 2,578,511 | ||||||||
Up to December 31, 2007, amounts related to the goodwill on the acquisition or increase in equity interest were recorded as (Goodwill). In 2008, since the enactment of Law nº 11,638/07 and the publication of CPC 04 Intangible Assets, these amounts have been defined and classified as intangible assets.
Corresponds to the difference between the amount paid and the equity of acquired companies on the respective acquisition dates, represented by the future benefit held by the Company regarding the right to exploit the concession. This intangible is classified as intangible assets with a finite useful life, amortized in proportion to the net income curves projected for the remaining term of the concession contract. The intangible assets related to granting of concession are as follows:
F - 41
- Intangible asset acquired, not merged | |
The balance refers mainly to the goodwill on acquisition of all the shares held by CPFL Geraçãos minority shareholders in June 2005, CPFL Paulista and CPFL Piratininga in November 2005 and RGE in December 2007. The balance also
includes the intangible asset on CPFL Jaguariúnas acquisition. These intangible assets were not subject to a merger process. |
|
- Intangible asset acquired and merged Deductible | |
The balance relates to the goodwill on the acquisition of subsidiaries that was merged with the respective net equities, without application of CVM Instructions 319/99 and 349/01. Therefore, it is included in these amounts the corresponding tax benefit on goodwill acquisitions. | |
- Intangible asset acquired and merged Reassessed | |
In order to comply with ANEEL instructions and avoid the negative impact on dividends paid to the shareholders due to goodwill amortization, the subsidiaries applied the concepts of CVM Instructions nº 319/99 and nº 349/01 during the merger process, resulting in the reclassification of the tax benefit arising from goodwill to Deferred Taxes Credits (note 10). As a result, those mergers also impact the investment recorded by the parent company that must recompose its equity investment through a goodwill reassessment. |
13.2 Analysis of the recoverable value
In accordance with CPC 01 Impairment of Assets, for purposes of analysis of recovery, the lowest level of cash generating unit taken into consideration was each of the concessions held, analyzed individually. The intangible asset recorded in each parent company was allocated, for purposes of this analysis, to each of these units.
The estimates of the recoverable values of the cash generating units were based on the value in use, represented by the present value of the estimated future cash flows for these assets, and on the assumptions listed below. The amounts allocated to these assumptions represent Managements assessment of the future trends in the electricity sector and are based on both external information sources and historical data.
The projections of the cash flows were based on the operating results and projections of the Company and its subsidiaries to the end of the respective concessions, and the following main assumptions:
F - 42
The recoverable value of these assets exceeds their book value, and there are therefore no losses due to devaluation to be recorded.
14.SUPPLIERS
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the balance is as follows:
2008 | 2007 | |||
Current | ||||
System Service Charges | 32,326 | 6,126 | ||
Energy Purchased | 631,554 | 572,498 | ||
Electricity Network Usage Charges | 150,346 | 94,931 | ||
Materials and Services | 114,819 | 148,174 | ||
Regulatory Liability (note 3) | 29,216 | 35,609 | ||
Other | 24,083 | 10,616 | ||
Total | 982,344 | 867,954 | ||
Noncurrent | ||||
Regulatory Liability (note 3) | - | 223 | ||
Electricity Network Usage Charges | 85,311 | - | ||
85,311 | 223 | |||
Charges for Use of the Distribution System The changes are due mainly to the recording of R$ 116,706 in relation to the pass-through to CTEEP, as mentioned in Note 6.
15. INTEREST, LOANS AND FINANCING
The composition as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 is as follows:
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||
Interest | Interest | |||||||||||||||
Current and | Principal | Current and | Principal | |||||||||||||
Noncurrent | Current | Noncurrent | Total | Noncurrent | Current | Noncurrent | Total | |||||||||
At cost | ||||||||||||||||
LOCAL CURRENCY | ||||||||||||||||
BNDES - Power Increases (PCH's) | 128 | 10,108 | 20,868 | 31,104 | 124 | 7,057 | 26,521 | 33,702 | ||||||||
BNDES - Investment | 38,770 | 240,638 | 2,069,314 | 2,348,722 | 6,165 | 237,671 | 1,637,143 | 1,880,979 | ||||||||
BNDES - Regulatory asset | - | - | - | - | 663 | 142,216 | - | 142,879 | ||||||||
BNDES - Purchase of assets | 30 | 194 | 3,356 | 3,580 | 16 | - | 869 | 885 | ||||||||
Furnas Centrais Elétricas S.A. | 1,158 | 93,666 | 46,833 | 141,657 | - | 47,519 | 111,665 | 159,184 | ||||||||
Financial Institutions | 2,348 | 37,460 | 162,225 | 202,033 | 45,418 | 233,752 | 143,032 | 422,202 | ||||||||
Other | 516 | 28,525 | 36,826 | 65,867 | 606 | 28,914 | 26,416 | 55,936 | ||||||||
Subtotal | 42,950 | 410,591 | 2,339,422 | 2,792,963 | 52,992 | 697,129 | 1,945,646 | 2,695,767 | ||||||||
FOREIGN CURRENCY | ||||||||||||||||
IDB | 541 | 4,500 | 73,862 | 78,903 | 669 | 3,133 | 59,394 | 63,196 | ||||||||
Financial Institutions | 860 | 5,999 | 67,676 | 74,535 | 1,613 | 66,804 | 55,842 | 124,259 | ||||||||
Subtotal | 1,401 | 10,499 | 141,538 | 153,438 | 2,282 | 69,937 | 115,236 | 187,455 | ||||||||
Total at cost | 44,351 | 421,090 | 2,480,960 | 2,946,401 | 55,274 | 767,066 | 2,060,882 | 2,883,222 | ||||||||
At Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||
FOREIGN CURRENCY | ||||||||||||||||
Financial Institutions | 58,834 | 102,077 | 1,355,922 | 1,516,833 | 29,918 | 95,090 | 798,497 | 923,505 | ||||||||
Total | 103,185 | 523,167 | 3,836,882 | 4,463,234 | 85,192 | 862,156 | 2,859,379 | 3,806,727 | ||||||||
F - 43
At cost | 2008 | 2007 | Remuneration | Amortization | Collateral | |||||
Local currency | ||||||||||
BNDES - Power Increases | ||||||||||
CPFL Geração | 30,635 | 33,102 | TJLP + 3.1% to 4.3% p.a. | 36 a 84 monthly installments from February 2003 to December 2008 | Guarantee of CPFL Energia and Paulista | |||||
CPFL Geração | 469 | 600 | UMBND + 3.5% to 4.0% p.a. | 72 and 84 monthly installments from February 2003 and September 2004 | Guarantee of CPFL Energia and Paulista | |||||
BNDES - Investment | ||||||||||
CPFL Paulista - FINEM I | - | 1,700 | TJLP + 3.25% p.a. | 78 monthly installments from October 2000 and October 2001 | Revenue | |||||
CPFL Paulista - FINEM II | 127,157 | 190,161 | TJLP + 5.4% p.a. | 48 monthly installments from January 2007 | Guarantee of CPFL Energia and receivables | |||||
CPFL Paulista - FINEM III | 134,356 | 125,574 | TJLP + 3.3% p.a. | 72 monthly installments from January 2008 | Guarantee of CPFL Energia and receivables | |||||
CPFL Paulista - FINEM IV | 100,498 | - | TJLP + 3.28% to 3.4% p.a. | 60 monthly installments from January 2010 | Guarantee of CPFL Energia and receivables | |||||
RGE - FINEM I - "A" | 89,605 | 136,740 | TJLP + 4.5% to 5.0% p.a. | 60 monthly installments from December 2005 to December 2012 | Revenue collection / Reserve account | |||||
RGE - FINEM I - "B" | - | 4,062 | UMBNDES + 4.5% p.a (1) | 36 monthly installments from February 2006 to January 2009 | Revenue collection / Reserve account | |||||
RGE - FINEM IV | 96,481 | - | TJLP + 3.28% to 3.4% p.a. | 60 monthly installments from January 2010 to December 2014 | Revenue collection / Guarantee of CPFL Energia | |||||
CPFL Piratininga - FINEM I | 47,349 | 70,808 | TJLP + 5.4%p.a. | 48 monthly installments from January 2007 | Guarantee of CPFL Energia and receivables | |||||
CPFL Piratininga - FINEM II | 79,813 | 87,937 | TJLP + 3.3% p.a. | 72 monthly installments from January 2008 | Guarantee of CPFL Energia and receivables | |||||
CPFL Piratininga - FINEM III | 54,768 | - | TJLP + 3.28% to 3.4% p.a. | 60 monthly installments from January 2010 | Guarantee of CPFL Energia and receivables | |||||
CPFL Santa Cruz | 2,275 | - | TJLP + 2.9% p.a. | 54 monthly installments from July 2010 | Guarantee of CPFL Energia | |||||
CPFL Santa Cruz | 36,677 | - | CDI + 1.10% p.a. | 1 installment in June 2011 | Guarantee of CPFL Energia | |||||
BAESA | 151,561 | 166,751 | TJLP + 3.125%p.a. | 144 monthly installments from September 2006 | Letters of Credit | |||||
BAESA | 42,015 | 34,725 | UMBND + 3.125% p.a. (2) | 144 monthly installments from November 2006 | Letters of Credit | |||||
ENERCAN | 340,007 | 372,079 | TJLP + 4%p.a. | 144 monthly installments from April 2007 | Letters of Credit | |||||
ENERCAN | 27,663 | 22,688 | UMBND + 4% p.a. | 144 monthly installments from April 2007 | Letters of Credit | |||||
CERAN | 289,519 | 277,903 | TJLP + 5% p.a. | 168 monthly installments from December 2005 | Guarantee of CPFL Energia | |||||
CERAN | 56,605 | 40,703 | UMBND + 5% p.a. (2) | 168 monthly installments from February 2006 | Guarantee of CPFL Energia | |||||
CERAN | 127,026 | 104,116 | TJLP + 3.69% p.a. (average of | |||||||
percentage) | 168 monthly installments from November 2008 | Guarantee of CPFL Energia | ||||||||
Foz do Chapecó | 535,829 | 245,032 | TJLP + 2.49% to 2.95% p.a. | 192 monthly installments from October 2011 | Pledge of shares, credit rights and revenue | |||||
CPFL Mococa | 3,015 | - | TJLP + 2.9% p.a. | 54 monthly installments from January 2011 | Guarantee of CPFL Energia and receivables | |||||
CPFL Jaguari | 2,495 | - | TJLP + 2.9% p.a. | 54 monthly installments from December 2010 | Guarantee of CPFL Energia and receivables | |||||
CPFL Leste Paulista | 2,004 | - | TJLP + 2.9% p.a. | 54 monthly installments from June 2011 | Guarantee of CPFL Energia and receivables | |||||
CPFL Sul Paulista | 2,004 | - | TJLP + 2.9% p.a. | 54 monthly installments from June 2011 | Guarantee of CPFL Energia and receivables | |||||
BNDES - Regulatory asset | ||||||||||
CPFL Paulista - Parcel "A" | - | 139,760 | Selic + 1% p.a. | 13 monthly installments from May 2007 | Receivables | |||||
RGE - Free Energy | - | 494 | Selic + 1% p.a. | 60 monthly installments from March 2003 | Revenue collection | |||||
CPFL Sul Paulista - RTE | - | 2,267 | Selic + 1% p.a. | 79 monthly installments from March 2002 | Receivables | |||||
CPFL Geração - Free Energy | - | 358 | Selic + 1% p.a. | 60 monthly installments from March 2003 | Guarantee of CPFL Paulista | |||||
BNDES - Purchase of assets | ||||||||||
CPFL Brasil | 3,580 | 885 | TJLP + 1.94% to 2.84% p.a. | 36 monthly installments from May 2009 | Linked to the asset acquired | |||||
Furnas Centrais Elétricas S.A. | ||||||||||
CPFL Geração | 141,657 | 159,184 | IGP-M + 10% p.a. | 24 monthly installments from June 2008 | Energy produced by plant | |||||
Financial Institutions | ||||||||||
CPFL Paulista | ||||||||||
Banco do Brasil - Law 8727 | 47,548 | 49,675 | IGPM variation + 7.42% p.a. | 240 monthly installments from May 1994 | Receivables | |||||
RGE | ||||||||||
Banco Itaú BBA | - | 103,425 | 106.0% of CDI | 1 installment in March 2011 | No guarantee | |||||
Banco Santander II | - | 57,690 | 104.5% of CDI | 1 installment in January 2008 | No guarantee | |||||
Banco ABN AMRO Real | - | 84,419 | 107.5% of CDI (3) | 2 installment in January and 1 installment in February 2008 | No guarantee | |||||
Banco do Brasil | - | 38,481 | 105% of CDI | 1 installment in January 2008 | No guarantee | |||||
CPFL Geração | ||||||||||
Banco Itaú | 101,650 | - | 106.0% of CDI | 1 installment in March 2011 | Guarantee of CPFL Energia | |||||
CERAN | ||||||||||
Banco Bradesco | 52,835 | - | CDI + 2% p.a. | 24 monthly installments from November 2008 | No guarantee | |||||
Foz do Chapecó | ||||||||||
Banco Bradesco | - | 88,512 | 104.6% and 107.6% of CDI | 1 installment in January 2008 | No guarantee | |||||
Other | ||||||||||
Eletrobrás | ||||||||||
CPFL Paulista | 8,887 | 11,369 | RGR + rate variable of 6% to 9% p.a. | Monthly installments until July 2016 | Receivables/Promissory notes | |||||
CPFL Piratininga | 1,903 | 2,444 | RGR + 6% p.a. | Monthly installments until July 2016 | Receivables/Promissory notes | |||||
RGE | 11,309 | 5,183 | RGR + 6% p.a. | Monthly installments until June 2020 | Receivables/Promissory notes | |||||
CPFL Santa Cruz | 5,509 | 6,764 | RGR + 5% p.a. | Monthly installments until April 2018 | Revenue | |||||
CPFL Leste Paulista | 1,136 | 1,250 | RGR + 6% p.a. | Monthly installments until January 2018 | Receivables/Promissory notes | |||||
CPFL Sul Paulista | 1,694 | 1,892 | RGR + 6% p.a. | Monthly installments until July 2018 | Receivables/Promissory notes | |||||
CPFL Jaguari | 35 | 39 | RGR + 6% p.a. | Monthly installments until May 2017 | Receivables/Promissory notes | |||||
CPFL Mococa | 320 | 356 | RGR + 6% p.a. | Monthly installments until January 2018 | Receivables/Promissory notes | |||||
Other | 35,074 | 26,639 | ||||||||
Local Currency - At cost | 2,792,963 | 2,695,767 | ||||||||
Foreign currency | ||||||||||
IDB - Enercan | 78,903 | 63,196 | US$ + Libor + 3.5% p.a. | 49 quarterly installments from June 2007 | Guarantee of CPFL Energia | |||||
Financial Institutions | ||||||||||
CPFL Paulista (4) | ||||||||||
Debt Conversion Bond | 9,807 | 9,610 | US$ + 6-month Libor + 0.875% p.a. | 17 semiannual installments from April 2004 | Revenue/Government SP guaranteed | |||||
New Money Bond | 370 | 845 | US$ + 6-month Libor + 0.875% p.a. | 17 semiannual installments from April 2001 | Revenue/Government SP guaranteed | |||||
FLIRB | 375 | 857 | US$ + 6-month Libor + 0.8125% p.a. | 13 semiannual installments from April 2003 | Revenue/Government SP guaranteed | |||||
C-Bond | 13,881 | 12,434 | US$ + 8% p.a. | 21 semiannual installments from April 2004 | Revenue/Government SP guaranteed | |||||
Discount Bond | 20,533 | 15,650 | US$ + 6-month Libor + 0.8125% p.a. | 1 installment in April 2024 | Escrow deposits and revenue/ Gov.SP guarantee | |||||
PAR-Bond | 29,569 | 22,412 | US$ + 6% p.a. | 1 installment in April 2024 | Escrow deposits and revenue/ Gov.SP guarantee | |||||
Foz de Chapecó | ||||||||||
Banco Bradesco | - | 62,451 | US$ + 6.5% and 3.99% p.a. (5) | 1 installment in January 2008 | No guarantee | |||||
Foreign currency - At cost | 153,438 | 187,455 | ||||||||
Total at cost | 2,946,401 | 2,883,222 | ||||||||
Foreign currency | ||||||||||
At fair Value | ||||||||||
Financial institution | ||||||||||
Parent Company | ||||||||||
Banco do Brasil | - | 181,642 | Yen + 5.7778% p.a. (9) | 1 installment in September 2009 | No guarantee | |||||
CPFL Paulista | ||||||||||
Banco do Brasil | 131,435 | 82,180 | Yen + 5.7778% p.a. (6) | 1 installment in January 2011 | No guarantee | |||||
Banco ABN AMRO Real | 490,276 | 326,063 | Yen + 1.4824% p.a. (7) | 1 installment in January 2012 | No guarantee | |||||
CPFL Piratininga | ||||||||||
Banco BNP Paribas | 60,548 | - | US$ + 4.10% p.a. (8) | 1 installment in February 2009 | Promissory notes | |||||
RGE | ||||||||||
Banco do Brasil | 46,687 | 26,958 | Yen + 5.7778% p.a. (9) | 1 installment in September 2009 | No guarantee | |||||
CPFL Geração | ||||||||||
Banco do Brasil | 787,887 | 306,662 | Yen + 2.5% to 5.8% p.a. (10) | Installments from February 2008 to January 2011 | Guarantee of CPFL Energia | |||||
Foreign currency - Fair value | 1,516,833 | 923,505 | ||||||||
Total | 4,463,234 | 3,806,727 | ||||||||
The Company and its subsdiaries hold swap converting the local cost of currency variation to interest tax variation in reais, corresponding to | ||||
(1) 121.5% of CDI | (5) 104.5% and 107.6% of CDI | (8) 106.0% of CDI | ||
(2) 114.0% to 133.98% of CDI | (6) 104.5% of CDI | (9) 103.5% of CDI | ||
(3) 107.5% of CDI | (7) 102.9% of CDI | (10) 104.2% and 104.5% of CDI | ||
(4) As certain assets are dollar indexed (Note 11), a partial swap of R$ 14,953 was contracted, converting the currency variation to 99.4% and 102.5 % of the CDI. |
As shown in the breakdown in the figures above, in compliance with CPC 14 Financial Instruments, the Company classified their debts as (i) financial liabilities not measured at fair value (or measured by amortized cost), and (ii) financial liabilities calculated at fair value through profit or loss.
F - 44
The objective of classification as financial liabilities measured at fair value is to improve financial reporting by mitigating volatility in the statement of income caused by measuring related assets and liabilities (debt and related hedge instrument) differently. The following figure provides additional information as to the amortized cost value of the debts and the comparison with the respective fair values:
2008 | ||||||||||
Value at amortized cost | ||||||||||
Interest - | Fair value (accounting balance) | |||||||||
Current and | Principal | |||||||||
Foreign currency | noncurrent | Current | Noncurrent | Total | ||||||
At fair value | ||||||||||
CPFL Paulista | ||||||||||
Banco do Brasil | 5,993 | - | 126,152 | 132,145 | 131,435 | |||||
Banco ABN AMRO Real | 10,800 | - | 529,834 | 540,634 | 490,276 | |||||
CPFL Piratininga | ||||||||||
Banco BNP Paribás | 1,943 | 58,424 | - | 60,367 | 60,548 | |||||
RGE | ||||||||||
Banco do Brasil | 3,215 | 43,551 | - | 46,766 | 46,687 | |||||
CPFL Geração | ||||||||||
Banco do Brasil | 36,883 | - | 761,665 | 798,548 | 787,887 | |||||
Subtotal Foreign currency | 58,834 | 101,975 | 1,417,651 | 1,578,460 | 1,516,833 | |||||
The changes in the fair values of these debts are recorded in the consolidated financial income (expense) of the Company. The gains obtained by marking these debts at fair value (R$ 61,627) are offset by the effects of R$ 73,885 obtained by the fair value of the derivative financial instruments contracted as a hedge against exchange and interest variations (Note 31), generating a net loss of R$ 12,258.
Main funding:
Local currency
BNDES Investment FINEM III (CPFL Paulista) - The subsidiary obtained approval for financing of R$ 156,543 from the Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (BNDES) in 2007, as part of a FINEM credit line, to be invested in the expansion and modernization of the Electric Energy System. The subsidiary received the remaining amount of R$ 31,701 during the year. The interest was paid quarterly until December 15, 2007 and as from January 15, 2008 the payments are made monthly.
BNDES FINEM IV Investment (CPFL Paulista) - The subsidiary obtained approval for financing of R$ 345,990 from the BNDES in 2008, part of a FINEM credit line, to be invested in the expansion and modernization of the Electricity System. The subsidiary received the amount of R$ 100,000 and the remaining balance of R$ 245,990 is scheduled for release by the end of 2009. The interest will be paid quarterly and amortized monthly as from January 15, 2010.
BNDES Investment FINEM IV (RGE) The subsidiary obtained approval for financing of R$ 258,418 BNDES in 2008, part of a FINEM credit line, to be invested in the expansion and modernization of the Electricity System. The subsidiary received the amount of R$ 96,000 and the remaining balance of R$ 162,418 is scheduled for release by the end of 2009. The interest will be paid quarterly and amortized monthly as from January 15, 2010.
BNDES Investment FINEM II (CPFL Piratininga) The subsidiary CPFL Piratininga obtained approval for financing of R$ 94,327 from the BNDES in 2007, as part of a FINEM credit line, to be invested in the expansion and modernization of the Electric Energy System. The subsidiary received the remaining balance of R$ 6,811 during the year. The interest was paid quarterly to December 15, 2007, and amortized monthly as from January 15, 2008.
F - 45
BNDES Investment FINEM III (CPFL Piratininga) The subsidiary obtained approval for financing of R$ 155,178 from the BNDES in 2008, part of a FINEM credit line, to be invested in the expansion and modernization of the Electricity System. The subsidiary has received the amount of R$ 54,500 to date, and the remaining balance of R$ 100,678 is scheduled for release by the end of 2009. The interest will be paid quarterly until December 31, 2009, and will be amortized monthly from January 15, 2010.
BNDES - Investment (CERAN) Installments of the loan from the BNDES contracted in February 2004 for financing of the 14 de Julho project, amounting to R$ 21,327 (R$ 13,863 in proportion to the participation of CPFL Geração), were released in 2008. The remaining balance of R$ 4,400 (R$ 2,860 in proportion to the participation of CPFL Geração) is scheduled for release in January 2009. The interest and principal have been paid monthly since November 2008.
BNDES - Investment (Foz do Chapecó) Installments of the total loan of R$ 1,655,838 approved by the BNDES in July 2007 for financing of the construction work on the Foz do Chapecó Hydropower Plant, amounting to R$ 513,117 (R$ 261,690 in proportion to the participation of CPFL Geração) were released in 2008. The remaining balance of R$ 645,048 (R$ 328,974 in proportion to the participation of CPFL Geração) is scheduled for release by October 2010. The interest and principal will be paid monthly as from October 2011.
Financial Institutions (CPFL Santa Cruz) The subsidiary contracted a loan of R$ 34,000 from Banco HSBC, in order to finance working capital requirements. The interest will be paid in a single installment, together with the principal, in June 2011.
Financial Institutions (CPFL Geração) Relates to a bank credit bill of R$ 100,000 issued in April 2004 by the subsidiary RGE in favor of Banco Itaú, which was assumed by the subsidiary CPFL Geração in November 2008 through a private agreement for the assumption of debt, with discharge scheduled for March 2011.
Financial Institutions (CERAN) CERAN contracted a loan of R$ 88,000 (R$ 57,200 in proportion to the participation of CPFL Geração) from Banco Bradesco, in order to honor short-term commitments. The interest and principal have been paid monthly since November 2008.
Foreign Currency
Financial Institutions (CPFL Piratininga) The subsidiary contracted a foreign currency loan of R$ 42,428 from Banco BNP Paribás in March 2008, Resolution 2770, maturing in February 2009, to reinforce its working capital.
Financial Institutions (CPFL Geração) - To honor commitments already assumed, the subsidiary settled the loans of R$ 230,617 from the Banco do Brasil, and contracted a new credit line of R$ 406,760 with the same institution, with a significant extension of the maturity terms.
The maturities of the principal noncurrent balances of loans and financing, taking into consideration only the respective amounts recorded at cost, are scheduled as follows:
Maturity | Consolidated | |
2010 | 522,196 | |
2011 | 1,153,120 | |
2012 | 800,185 | |
2013 | 244,454 | |
After 2013 | 1,178,656 | |
Total | 3,898,611 | |
F - 46
The main financial rates used for restatement of Loans and Financing and the breakdown of the indebtedness in local and foreign currency, considering the effects of conversion of derivatives, are shown below:
Accumulated Variation in % | % of Debt | |||||||
Index | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||
IGP-M | 9.81 | 7.75 | 4.24 | 7.75 | ||||
UMBND | 33.86 | (16.78) | 5.62 | 3.81 | ||||
TJLP | 6.25 | 6.38 | 49.74 | 67.25 | ||||
CDI | 12.38 | 11.82 | 38.93 | 13.82 | ||||
SELIC | 12.48 | 11.85 | - | 5.30 | ||||
Other | - | - | 1.47 | 2.07 | ||||
100.00 | 100.00 | |||||||
RESTRICTIVE CONDITIONS
BNDES
Financing from the BNDES restricts the subsidiaries CPFL Paulista, CPFL Piratininga and RGE to: (i) not paying dividends and interest on equity totaling more than the minimum mandatory dividend laid down by law without prior agreement of the BNDES, and the lead bank in the operation; (ii) full compliance with the restrictive conditions established in the contract; and (iii) maintaining certain financial ratios within preestablished parameters, as follows:
CPFL Paulista
CPFL Piratininga
RGE
BNDES - FINEM I
BNDES - FINEM IV
CPFL Geração
The loans raised from the BNDES by the indirect jointly-controlled subsidiaries ENERCAN, BAESA, CERAN and Foz do Chapecó, establish restrictions on the payment of dividends to the subsidiary CPFL Geração higher than the minimum mandatory dividend of 25% without the prior agreement of the BNDES.
The subsidiary ENERCANs loans from the BNDES and IDB contain clauses that require the subsidiary to maintain certain financial ratios within preestablished parameters. As a result of the damage that occurred in the bypass tunnels of the Campos Novos hydropower plant, the start of commercial operations was postponed, compromising generation of the cash required to meet certain contractual obligations by the deadline originally foreseen. ENERCAN's management has already asked the respective financial institutions to review the contractual parameters, and has obtained a written confirmation that this review will not involve declaration of early maturity of the loan contract.
F - 47
Other loan and financing agreements of the direct and indirect subsidiaries are subject to early settlement in the event of changes in the Companys structure or in the corporate structure of the subsidiaries that result in the loss of the share control or of control over management of the Company by the Companys current shareholders.
Furthermore, failure to comply with the obligations or restrictions mentioned could result in default in relation to other contractual obligations (cross default).
Management believes that the Company and its subsidiaries are in compliance with the restrictive covenants relating to the loans and financing contracts with financial institutions.
16.DEBENTURES
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issued | Remuneration | Effective rate | Amortization Conditions | Collateral | Interest | Current | Noncurrent | Total | Interest | Current | Noncurrent | Total | ||||||||||||||
Parent Company | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3rd Issue | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 annual installments from | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unique series | 45,000 | CDI + 0.45% p.a. (1) | CDI + 0.53% p.a. | Unsecured | 20,047 | - | 450,000 | 470,047 | 15,983 | - | 450,000 | 465,983 | ||||||||||||||
September 2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CPFL Paulista | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2nd Issue | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1st series | 11,968 | 109% of CDI p.a. | 109% CDI + 0.24% p.a. | July 1, 2009 | Unsecured | 8,606 | 119,680 | - | 128,286 | 7,109 | - | 119,680 | 126,789 | |||||||||||||
2nd series | 13,032 | IGP-M + 9.8% p.a. | IGP-M + 10.04% p.a. | July 1, 2009 | Unsecured | 8,430 | 170,599 | - | 179,029 | 7,368 | - | 155,217 | 162,585 | |||||||||||||
3rd Issue | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 annual installments from | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1st series | 64,000 | 104.4% of CDI p.a. | 104.4% CDI + 0.05% p.a. | CPFL Energia guarantee | 7,083 | - | 640,000 | 647,083 | 5,328 | - | 640,000 | 645,328 | ||||||||||||||
December 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
24,119 | 290,279 | 640,000 | 954,398 | 19,805 | - | 914,897 | 934,702 | |||||||||||||||||||
CPFL Piratininga | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1st Issue | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 annual installments from January | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1st series | 40,000 | 104.4% of the CDI p.a. | 104.4% CDI + 0.16% p.a. | CPFL Energia guarantee | 27,176 | - | 400,000 | 427,176 | 22,641 | - | 400,000 | 422,641 | ||||||||||||||
2010 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2nd Issue | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
106.45% of the CDI | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unique series | 1 | 104.45% CDI + 0.3% p.a. | May 2, 2011 | Unsecured | 3,479 | - | 100,000 | 103,479 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||
p.a. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
30,655 | - | 500,000 | 530,655 | 22,641 | - | 400,000 | 422,641 | |||||||||||||||||||
RGE | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2nd Issue | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1st series | 2,620 | IGP-M + 9.6% p.a. | IGP-M + 9.73% p.a. | April 1st, 2011 | Unsecured | 2,033 | 1,903 | 26,200 | 30,136 | 3,660 | - | 26,200 | 29,860 | |||||||||||||
2nd series | 20,380 | 106.0% of CDI p.a. | 106% CDI + 0.12% p.a. | April 1st, 2009 | Unsecured | 7,058 | 203,800 | - | 210,858 | 5,584 | - | 203,800 | 209,384 | |||||||||||||
3rd Issue | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 annual installments from | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1st series | 1 | CDI + 0.60% p.a. (2) | 100% CDI + 0.71% p.a. | CPFL Energia guarantee | 1,110 | - | 100,000 | 101,110 | 888 | - | 100,000 | 100,888 | ||||||||||||||
December 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 annual installments from | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2nd series | 1 | CDI + 0.60% p.a. (3) | 100% CDI + 0.71% p.a. | CPFL Energia guarantee | 9,671 | - | 140,000 | 149,671 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||
December 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 annual installments from | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3rd series | 1 | CDI + 0.60% p.a. (4) | 100% CDI + 0.71% p.a. | CPFL Energia guarantee | 2,290 | - | 40,000 | 42,290 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||
December 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 annual installments from | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4th series | 1 | CDI + 0.60% p.a. (5) | 100% CDI + 0.84% p.a. | CPFL Energia guarantee | 1,711 | - | 50,000 | 51,711 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||
December 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 annual installments from | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5th series | 1 | CDI + 0.60% p.a. (5) | 100% CDI + 0.84% p.a. | CPFL Energia guarantee | 1,711 | - | 50,000 | 51,711 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||
December 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
25,584 | 205,703 | 406,200 | 637,487 | 10,132 | - | 330,000 | 340,132 | |||||||||||||||||||
CPFL Geração | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CPFL Energia guarantee, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Semiannual with settlement in June | Receivables and CPFL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
2nd Issue | 69,189 | TJLP + 4 to 5% p.a. | TJLP to 5% p.a. | 645 | 80,930 | - | 81,575 | 1,720 | 150,416 | 80,758 | 232,894 | |||||||||||||||
2009 | Geração common nominal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
shares | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
BAESA | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
100% of the CDI + | Quarterly with settlement in August | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
1st Serie | 9,000 | 100% CDI + 0.43% p.a. | Letters of Guarantee | 532 | 3,164 | 21,359 | 25,055 | 1,008 | 3,164 | 25,560 | 29,732 | |||||||||||||||
0.3% p.a. | 2016 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
100% of the CDI + | Annually with settlement in August | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
2nd Serie | 9,000 | 106% CDI + 0.12% p.a. | Letters of Guarantee | 530 | - | 9,331 | 9,861 | 235 | 1,037 | 7,257 | 8,529 | |||||||||||||||
0.4% p.a. | 2016 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
1,062 | 3,164 | 30,690 | 34,916 | 1,243 | 4,201 | 32,817 | 38,261 | |||||||||||||||||||
102,112 | 580,076 | 2,026,890 | 2,709,078 | 71,524 | 154,617 | 2,208,472 | 2,434,613 | |||||||||||||||||||
The Company and its subsdiaries hold swap converting the local cost of currency variation to interest tax variation in reais, corresponding to | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) 104.4% of CDI | (3) 104.85% of CDI | (5) 104.87% of CDI | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(2) 105.7% of CDI | (4) 104.9% of CDI |
The maturities of the noncurrent balance of debentures are scheduled as follows:
Maturity | Consolidated | |
2010 | 206,275 | |
2011 | 670,401 | |
2012 | 494,201 | |
2013 | 494,201 | |
After 2013 | 161,812 | |
TOTAL | 2,026,890 | |
F - 48
CPFL Piratininga
On October 1, 2008, the subsidiary CPFL Piratininga issued debentures in a public offer, as decided in a meeting of the Companys Board of Directors held on September 29, 2008. The debentures are 2nd issue, registered, book entry, single series, subordinated debentures, not convertible into shares, with a unit par value of R$ 100,000 on the issue date, bearing interest of 106.45% of the CDI. The charges will be paid on October 1, 2009 and 2010, and on amortization of the principal, maturing on May 2, 2011. The debentures were issued in order to settle, in October 2008, a promissory note from the Banco do Brasil, intended to cover working capital requirements.
RGE
On December 1, 2007, the subsidiary RGE made the third issuance of simple unsecured registered book-entry debentures, without share certificates, not convertible into shares with no scheduled renegotiation option with a total value of R$ 380,000. The objective of the issue was to adjust the financial position of RGE, provide sufficient liquidity to cover the investments in fixed assets and permit the liquidation of debts with maturities to 2009. The first series was subscribed and fully paid in December 2007, to the amount of R$ 100,000, and the others were fully paid up in 2008, to the amount of R$ 280,000. The interest on the debentures is paid half-yearly, on the first day of the month in accordance with the issue date of each series.
RESTRICTIVE CONDITIONS
The debentures are subject to certain restrictive covenants and include clauses that require the Company and its subsidiaries to maintain certain financial ratios within pre-established parameters. The main ratios are as follows:
CPFL Energia
CPFL Paulista
CPFL Piratininga
RGE
BAESA
The debentures issued by the indirect subsidiary BAESA provide for early maturity if the total indebtedness exceeds 75% of its total assets.
Certain debentures of the direct and indirect subsidiaries are subject to early settlement in the event of changes in the Companys structure or in the corporate structure of the subsidiaries that result in the loss of the share control or of control over management of the Company by the Companys current shareholders.
F - 49
In the Companys opinion, these restrictive conditions and clauses are being adequately complied with.
Failure to comply with the restrictions mentioned could result in default in relation to other contractual obligations.
17.EMPLOYEE PENSION PLANS
The subsidiaries CPFL Paulista, CPFL Piratininga and CPFL Geração, through Fundação CESP, the subsidiary RGE, through Fundação CEEE de Seguridade Social (ELETROCEEE), the subsidiary CPFL Santa Cruz through BB Previdência Fundo de Pensão Banco do Brasil and the subsidiary CPFL Jaguariúna through IHPREV Fundo de Pensão, sponsor supplementary retirement and pension plans for their employees. The main characteristics of these plans are as follows:
I CPFL Paulista
The plan currently in force for the employees of the subsidiary CPFL Paulista is a Mixed Benefit Plan, with the following characteristics:
a) Defined Benefit Plan (BD) in force until October 31, 1997 a defined benefit plan, which grants a Proportional Supplementary Defined Benefit (BSPS), in the form of a lifetime income convertible into a pension, to participants enrolled prior to October 31, 1997, the amount being defined in proportion to the accumulated past service time up to that date, based on compliance with the regulatory requirements for granting. The total responsibility for coverage of actuarial deficits of this plan falls to CPFL Paulista.
b) Mixed model, as from November 1, 1997, which covers:
With the modification of the Retirement Plan in October of 1997, a liability was recognized as payable by the subsidiary in relation to the plan's deficit calculated at the time by the external actuaries of Fundação CESP, to be liquidated in 260 installments, amortized monthly, plus interest of 6% p.a. and monetarily restated at the IGP-DI (FGV). Under the Contractual Addendum signed with Fundação CESP on January 17, 2008, the payment terms changed to 238 monthly installments and 19 annual installments, in relation to the base date of December 31, 2007, with final maturity on October 31, 2027. Under the contract, the liability is adjusted annually in accordance with the deficit/surplus determined in the actuarial report, carried out in accordance with the regulations of the Supplementary Pensions Department (SPC), which differ from the entry criteria followed by the subsidiary in conformity with CVM Resolution nº 371/00. The balance of the obligation as of December 31, 2008 is R$ 702,696 (R$ 560,190 as of December 31, 2007).
II CPFL Piratininga
As a result of the split-off of Bandeirante Energia S.A. (the subsidiarys predecessor), the subsidiary CPFL Piratininga assumed the responsibility for the actuarial liabilities for its retired and discharged employees up to the date of the split-off, as well as the responsibilities relating to the active employees transferred to CPFL Piratininga.
On April 2, 1998, the SPC approved the restructuring of the retirement plan previously maintained by Bandeirante, creating a "Proportional Supplementary Defined Benefit Plan BSPS, and a "Mixed Benefit Plan", with the following characteristics:
F - 50
a) |
Defined Benefit Plan in force until March 31, 1998 a defined-benefit plan, which concedes a Proportional Supplementary Defined Benefit (BSPS), in the form of a lifetime income convertible into a pension to participants registered up to
March 31, 1998, to an amount calculated in proportion to the accumulated past service time up to that date, based on compliance with the regulatory requirements for granting. CPFL Piratininga is fully responsible for covering the actuarial deficits
of this Plan. |
b) |
Defined Benefit Plan in force after March 31, 1998 defined-benefit type plan, which concedes a lifetime income convertible into a pension in relation to the past service time accumulated after March 31, 1998, based on 70% of the
average actual monthly salary for the last 36 months of active service. In the event of death while working or the onset of a disability, the benefits incorporate the entire past service time (including the accumulated time up to March 31,
1998).
The responsibility for covering the actuarial deficits of this Plan is equally divided between CPFL Piratininga and the participants. |
c) |
Defined Contribution Plan implemented together with the Defined Benefit plan effective after March 31, 1998, this is a pension plan up to the granting of lifetime income, convertible (or not) into a pension, and generates no actuarial
liability for CPFL Piratininga. The pension plan only becomes Defined Benefit type plan after the concession of the lifetime income, convertible (or not) into a pension, and accordingly starts to generate actuarial liabilities for the
subsidiary. |
In September 1997, through a contractual instrument of adjustment of reserves to be amortized, Eletropaulo Metropolitana Eletricidade de São Paulo S.A. (the predecessor of Bandeirante) recognized an obligation to pay referring to the plan deficit determined at the time by the external actuaries of the Fundação CESP, to be liquidated in 260 installments, amortized monthly, plus interest of 6% p.a. and restatement based on the IGP-DI (FGV). Under the Contractual Amendment, signed with Fundação CESP on January 17, 2008, the payment terms were amended to 221 monthly payments and 18 annual installments, in relation to the base date of December 31, 2007, with final maturity on May 31, 2026. Under the contract, the liability is adjusted annually in accordance with the deficit/surplus determined in the actuarial report, carried out in accordance with the regulations of the SPC, which differ from the entry criteria followed by the subsidiary in conformity with CVM Resolution nº 371/00. The balance of the obligation as of December 31, 2008, is R$ 183,507 (R$ 145,813 as of December 31, 2007).
III RGE
A defined benefit type plan, with a benefit level equal to 100% of the adjusted average of the most recent salaries, including the presumed Social Security benefit, with a Segregated Net Asset administered by ELETROCEEE. Only those employed prior to the spin-off from CEEE to RGE are entitled to this benefit.
IV CPFL Santa Cruz
Since November 1, 2007, management of the benefits plan of the subsidiary CPFL Santa Cruz, originally performed by FUNSEJEM, has passed to BB Previdência Fundo de Pensão do Banco do Brasil. The subsidiary CPFL Santa Cruz plan is a defined contribution plan.
V CPFL Geração
The plans currently in force for the employees of subsidiary CPFL Geração are a Proportional Supplementary Defined Benefit (BSPS) and a Mixed Benefit Plan, along the same lines as the CPFL Paulista plan.
With the modification of the Retirement Plan, at that point maintained by CPFL Paulista, in October 1997, a liability was recognized as payable by the subsidiary CPFL Geração, relating to the plan deficit calculated by the external actuaries of Fundação CESP, which is being amortized on a monthly basis, in 260 installments, plus interest of 6% p.a. and restatement according to the IGP-DI (FGV). Under the Contractual Amendment, signed with Fundação CESP on January 17, 2008, the payment terms were amended to 238 monthly installments and 19 annual installments, in relation to the base date of December 31, 2007, with final maturity on October 31, 2027. Under the contract, the liability is adjusted annually in accordance with the deficit/surplus determined in the actuarial report, carried out in accordance with the regulations of the SPC, which differ from the entry criteria followed by the subsidiary in conformity with CVM Resolution nº 371/00. As of December 31, 2008, the balance of the liability, which is restated annually in line with the evolution of the actuarial deficit calculated in accordance with the criteria of the Supplementary Pensions Department, was R$ 14,237 (R$ 11,318 as of December 31, 2007).
F - 51
VI CPFL Jaguariúna
In December 2005, the companies joined the CMSPREV private pension plan, administered by IHPREV Pension Fund. The plan is structured through the defined contribution type.
VII Changes in the defined benefit plans
The amounts recognized in the balance sheet as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, for the subsidiaries, in accordance with an appraisal prepared by an external actuary, and assumptions confirmed by Management, and in line with the criteria of CVM Resolution nº 371/00, are presented as follows:
2008 | ||||||||||
CPFL | CPFL | RGE | CPFL | Total | ||||||
Paulista | Piratininga | Geração | ||||||||
Present value of actuarial liabilities with cover | 3,067,116 | 774,598 | 174,721 | 66,094 | 4,082,529 | |||||
Fair value of plan's assets | (2,413,252) | (618,671) | (180,708) | (51,207) | (3,263,838) | |||||
Present value of liabilities exceeding fair value of assets | 653,864 | 155,927 | (5,987) | 14,887 | 818,691 | |||||
Adjustments due to deferments allowed | ||||||||||
Unrecognized actuarial losses | (240,138) | (39,296) | (8,527) | (8,180) | (296,141) | |||||
Unrecognized cost of past service | - | (68) | - | - | (68) | |||||
Net actuarial liability to be recognized | 413,726 | 116,563 | (14,514) | 6,707 | 522,482 | |||||
Decrease of 50% on Actuarial Assets (*) | - | - | 7,203 | - | 7,203 | |||||
Net actuarial Assets/Liabilities recognized on balance sheet | 413,726 | 116,563 | (7,311) | 6,707 | 529,685 | |||||
2007 | ||||||||||
CPFL | CPFL | RGE | CPFL | Total | ||||||
Paulista | Piratininga | Geração | ||||||||
Present value of actuarial liabilities with cover | 2,713,230 | 668,386 | 158,354 | 57,653 | 3,597,623 | |||||
Fair value of plan's assets | (2,330,144) | (590,696) | (192,306) | (51,602) | (3,164,748) | |||||
Present value of liabilities exceeding fair value of assets | 383,086 | 77,690 | (33,952) | 6,051 | 432,875 | |||||
Adjustments due to deferments allowed | ||||||||||
Unrecognized actuarial gains | 150,862 | 66,525 | 26,913 | 3,604 | 247,904 | |||||
Unrecognized cost of past service | - | (79) | - | - | (79) | |||||
Net actuarial liability to be recognized | 533,948 | 144,136 | (7,039) | 9,655 | 680,700 | |||||
Decrease of 50% on Actuarial Assets (*) | - | - | 3,519 | - | 3,519 | |||||
Net actuarial Assets/Liabilities recognized on balance sheet | 533,948 | 144,136 | (3,520) | 9,655 | 684,219 | |||||
(*) As the sponsor, RGE matches the participants contributions to this plan, only 50% was recorded.
Actuarial losses in excess of 10% of the Plan's liabilities or assets not recognized as of December 31, 2008 will have to be recognized by means of amortization during the remaining useful lives of the plan's participants.
F - 52
The changes in net actuarial liabilities are as follows:
2008 | ||||||||||
CPFL | CPFL | RGE | CPFL | Total | ||||||
Paulista | Piratininga | Geração | ||||||||
Net actuarial liability at the beginning of the year | 533,948 | 144,136 | (3,520) | 9,655 | 684,219 | |||||
Income recognized in income statement | (66,318) | (12,364) | (3,683) | (1,786) | (84,151) | |||||
Sponsor's Contributions during the year | (53,904) | (15,209) | (108) | (1,162) | (70,383) | |||||
Net actuarial liability at the end of the year | 413,726 | 116,563 | (7,311) | 6,707 | 529,685 | |||||
Other contributions | 12,464 | 297 | 9,687 | 149 | 22,597 | |||||
TOTAL | 426,190 | 116,860 | 2,376 | 6,856 | 552,282 | |||||
Current | 31,956 | 9,004 | 2,376 | 752 | 44,088 | |||||
Noncurrent | 394,234 | 107,856 | - | 6,104 | 508,194 | |||||
Total | 426,190 | 116,860 | 2,376 | 6,856 | 552,282 | |||||
2007 | ||||||||||
CPFL | CPFL | RGE | CPFL | Total | ||||||
Paulista | Piratininga | Geração | ||||||||
Net actuarial liability at the beginning of the year | 635,436 | 168,972 | 12 | 11,942 | 816,362 | |||||
Income recognized in income statement | (36,023) | (6,418) | (3,532) | (914) | (46,887) | |||||
Sponsor's Contributions during the year | (65,465) | (18,418) | - | (1,373) | (85,256) | |||||
Net actuarial liability at the end of the year | 533,948 | 144,136 | (3,520) | 9,655 | 684,219 | |||||
Other contributions | 8,056 | 258 | 27,810 | 181 | 36,305 | |||||
TOTAL | 542,004 | 144,394 | 24,290 | 9,836 | 720,524 | |||||
Current | 45,034 | 14,234 | 4,016 | 1,200 | 64,484 | |||||
Noncurrent | 496,970 | 130,160 | 20,274 | 8,636 | 656,040 | |||||
Total | 542,004 | 144,394 | 24,290 | 9,836 | 720,524 | |||||
The external actuary's estimate of the expenses and/or revenue to be recognized in 2009 and the revenues recognized in 2008, is as follows:
2009 Estimated | ||||||||||
CPFL | CPFL | RGE | CPFL | Total | ||||||
Paulista | Piratininga | Geração | ||||||||
Cost of service | 1,445 | 5,469 | 1,256 | 165 | 8,335 | |||||
Interest on actuarial liabilities | 303,015 | 76,981 | 17,626 | 6,532 | 404,154 | |||||
Expected return on assets | (304,351) | (77,554) | (18,387) | (6,468) | (406,760) | |||||
Unrecognized cost of past service | - | 11 | - | - | 11 | |||||
Amortization of unrecognized actuarial losses | - | - | - | 62 | 62 | |||||
Subtotal | 109 | 4,907 | 495 | 291 | 5,802 | |||||
Expected contributions from participants | (32) | (1,297) | (1,095) | - | (2,424) | |||||
Subtotal | 77 | 3,610 | (600) | 291 | 3,378 | |||||
Decrease of 50% on Prepaid Pension Expense (*) | - | - | 300 | - | 300 | |||||
Total (Income) Expense | 77 | 3,610 | (300) | 291 | 3,678 | |||||
2008 Realized | ||||||||||
CPFL | CPFL | RGE | CPFL | Total | ||||||
Paulista | Piratininga | Geração | ||||||||
Cost of service | 1,083 | 4,574 | 1,236 | 106 | 6,999 | |||||
Interest on actuarial liabilities | 268,186 | 66,472 | 16,010 | 5,702 | 356,370 | |||||
Expected return on assets | (335,556) | (82,021) | (23,373) | (7,455) | (448,405) | |||||
Unrecognized cost of past service | - | 11 | - | - | 11 | |||||
Amortization of unrecognized actuarial gains | - | - | (1,239) | - | (1,239) | |||||
Subtotal | (66,287) | (10,964) | (7,366) | (1,647) | (86,264) | |||||
Expected contributions from participants | (31) | (1,400) | - | (139) | (1,570) | |||||
Subtotal | (66,318) | (12,364) | (7,366) | (1,786) | (87,834) | |||||
Decrease of 50% on Prepaid Pension Expense (*) | - | - | 3,683 | - | 3,683 | |||||
Total income | (66,318) | (12,364) | (3,683) | (1,786) | (84,151) | |||||
(*) As the sponsor, RGE matches the participants contributions to this plan, only 50% was recorded.
F - 53
Total revenue of R$ 84,151 (R$ 46,887 in 2007) was recorded in the Operating costs account in the statement of income.
The principal assumptions considered in the actuarial calculations on the balance sheet date were:
CPFL Paulista, CPFL Piratininga and | ||||||||
CPFL Geração | RGE | |||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | |||||
Nominal discount rate for actuarial liabilities: | 10.24% p .a. | 10.24% p .a. | 10.24% p.a. | 10.24% p.a. | ||||
Nominal Return Rate on Assets: | (*) | (**) | 10.24% p.a. | 12.32% p.a. | ||||
Estimated Rate of nominal salary increase: | 6.08% p .a. | 6.08% p .a. | 6.08% p.a. | 6.08% p.a. | ||||
Estimated Rate of nominal benefits increase: | 0.00% p.a. | 0.00% p.a. | 0.00% p.a. | 0.00% p.a. | ||||
Estimated long-term inflation rate (basis for | ||||||||
establishing nominal rates above) | 4.0% p .a. | 4.0% p .a. | 4.0% p.a. | 4.0% p.a. | ||||
General biometric mortality table: | AT-83 | AT-83 | AT-83 | AT-83 | ||||
Biometric table for the onset of disability: | MERCER TABLE | MERCER TABLE | Light-Average | Light-Average | ||||
Expected turnover rate: | 0.30/(Service time+1) | 0.30/(Service time+1) | null | null |
18.REGULATORY CHARGES
2008 | 2007 | |||
Fee for the Use of Water Resources | 3,325 | 2,327 | ||
Global Reverse Fund - RGR | 7,451 | 5,741 | ||
ANEEL Inspection Fee | 2,030 | 1,873 | ||
Fuel Consumption Account - CCC | 48,194 | 27,195 | ||
Energy Development Account - CDE | 33,054 | 31,560 | ||
Total | 94,054 | 68,696 | ||
19. TAXES AND SOCIAL CONTRIBUTIONS PAYABLE
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the balance is as follows:
Current | Noncurrent | |||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||
ICMS (State VAT) | 276,111 | 294,760 | - | - | ||||
PIS (Tax on Revenue) | 8,996 | 11,668 | - | - | ||||
COFINS (Tax on Revenue) | 41,474 | 52,910 | 2,242 | 249 | ||||
IRPJ (Corporate Income Tax) | 100,883 | 186,489 | 3,091 | 12,140 | ||||
CSLL (Social Contribution Tax) | 15,313 | 39,846 | 1,112 | 4,140 | ||||
Other | 21,562 | 18,429 | - | - | ||||
Total | 464,339 | 604,102 | 6,445 | 16,529 | ||||
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20. RESERVE FOR CONTINGENCIES
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||
Reserve for | Escrow Deposits | Reserve for | Other escrow | Reserve for | Escrow Deposits | Reserve for | Other escrow | |||||||||
contingencies - | related to | Contingencies, | deposits | contingencies - | related to | Contingencies, | deposits | |||||||||
Gross | Contingencies (1) | net | (2) | Gross | Contingencies (1) | net | (2) | |||||||||
Labor | ||||||||||||||||
Various | 55,105 | 49,363 | 5,742 | 59,288 | 66,610 | 51,443 | 15,167 | 35,184 | ||||||||
Civil | ||||||||||||||||
General Damages | 14,450 | 14,450 | - | 49,957 | 14,716 | 12,670 | 2,046 | 20,509 | ||||||||
Tariff Increase | 10,635 | 3,157 | 7,478 | 15,341 | 15,872 | 4,068 | 11,804 | 5,998 | ||||||||
Energy Purchased | 13,014 | 13,228 | (214) | - | 40,809 | 28,168 | 12,641 | - | ||||||||
Other | 6,695 | 5,451 | 1,244 | 10,138 | 9,792 | 8,610 | 1,182 | 14,308 | ||||||||
44,794 | 36,286 | 8,508 | 75,436 | 81,189 | 53,516 | 27,673 | 40,815 | |||||||||
Tax | ||||||||||||||||
FINSOCIAL | 18,478 | 18,478 | - | 34,171 | 18,171 | 18,171 | - | 33,603 | ||||||||
Increase on basis - PIS and COFINS | 1,276 | 710 | 566 | 301 | 2,592 | - | 2,592 | 301 | ||||||||
Interest on Shareholders Equity - | ||||||||||||||||
PIS and COFINS | 70,301 | - | 70,301 | - | 46,811 | - | 46,811 | - | ||||||||
Income Tax | 59,708 | 40,013 | 19,695 | 416,506 | 52,400 | 32,323 | 20,077 | 375,267 | ||||||||
Other | 7,993 | 5,148 | 2,845 | 14,271 | 8,280 | 3,423 | 4,857 | 12,874 | ||||||||
157,756 | 64,349 | 93,407 | 465,249 | 128,254 | 53,917 | 74,337 | 422,045 | |||||||||
Total | 257,655 | 149,998 | 107,657 | 599,973 | 276,053 | 158,876 | 117,177 | 498,044 | ||||||||
The changes in the balances related to reserve for contingencies and escrow deposits are shown below:
2007 | Addition | Reversal | Payment | Monetary Restatement | 2008 | |||||||
Labor | 66,610 | 1,973 | (3,562) | (9,931) | 15 | 55,105 | ||||||
Civil | 81,189 | 7,204 | (17,233) | (26,366) | - | 44,794 | ||||||
Tax | 128,254 | 28,214 | (5,664) | (397) | 7,349 | 157,756 | ||||||
Reserve for Contingencies - Gross | 276,053 | 37,391 | (26,459) | (36,694) | 7,364 | 257,655 | ||||||
Escrow Deposits (1) + (2) | 656,920 | 97,818 | (29,404) | (26,767) | 51,404 | 749,971 | ||||||
The reserves for contingencies were based on appraisal of the risks of losing litigation to which the Company and its subsidiaries are parties, where a loss is probable in the opinion of the legal advisers and the management of the Company and its subsidiaries.
The principal pending issues relating to litigation, legal cases and tax assessments are summarized below:
a) Labor: The principal labor suits relate to claims filed by former employees or unions for additional salary payments (overtime, salary parity, severance payments and other claims). Under the terms of the Bandeirante spin-off protocol, the subsidiary CPFL Piratininga is responsible for the liabilities corresponding to the contingent risks of the employees located in the corresponding regions assumed by CPFL Piratininga, while corporate litigation prior to the date of the spin-off, October 1, 2001, is assumed in the proportion to the percentage of the controlling shareholders prior to the spin-off (56% for Bandeirante and 44% for CPFL Piratininga).
b) Personal damages: Mainly refer to claims for indemnities. These cases include claims relating to accidents in the subsidiaries' electrical networks, damage to consumers, vehicle accidents, etc.
c) Tariff increase: Corresponds to various claims by industrial consumers as a result of increases imposed by DNAEE Ordinances 38 and 45, dated February 27 and March 4, 1986, when the Plano Cruzado economic plan price freeze was in effect.
d) Energy purchased: As result of the loss of free consumers, the subsidiaries CPFL Paulista and CPFL Piratininga requested a reduction in the power demand of the initial supply contracts, which was partially granted by ANEEL. The subsidiaries filed a lawsuit on the grounds of disagreement with the physical amounts established by ANEEL, alleging a discrepancy in the calculations and making monthly escrow deposits of the amounts in question.
F - 55
e) FINSOCIAL: Refers to the questioning in the courts of the increase in rate and collection of FINSOCIAL during the period June 1989 to October 1991.
f) PIS and COFINS Interest on Shareholders Equity: at the end of 2005, the Company obtained an injunction with a view to non-payment of PIS and COFINS levied on interest on shareholders equity.
g) Income tax: For the subsidiary CPFL Piratininga, the entry refers to the injunction obtained in respect of the tax deductibility of CSLL in calculating IRPJ. In the case of the subsidiary RGE, it refers to a request for suspension of a decision of the Federal Revenue Office, in order to considering the deductibility of amounts paid to supplement the retirement provisions of beneficiaries of Fundação ELETROCEEE.
For the subsidiary CPFL Paulista, refers to discussion of the deductibility for income tax purposes of expense recorded in 1997 in respect of the welfare deficit of the pension plan of employees in relation to Fundação CESP, due to the renegotiation and renewal of debt in that year. On consulting the Brazilian Federal Revenue Office, the subsidiary obtained a favorable reply in Note MF/SRF/COSIT/GAB nº 157, of April 9, 1998, and took advantage of the tax deductibility of the expense, thereby generating a tax loss for that year. In March 2000, the subsidiary was assessed by the tax inspectors in relation to use of the tax loss carryforwards in 1997 and 1998. In 2007, as a result of the legal decision demanding the deposit in order to allow the discussions to be continued, the subsidiary made an escrow deposit, which, monetarily restated to December 31, 2008, amounts to R$ 414,690 (R$ 373,116 restated to December 31, 2007). This deductibility also affected other taxes and, in order to be able to continue discussions, the subsidiary offered in guarantee (bank guarantees) a total of R$ 228,095, restated as of December 31, 2008. Based on the updated position of the legal counsel in charge of the case, the risk of loss continues to be a classified as remote.
h) Other - Tax: Refers to other suits in progress at the judicial and administrative levels and of a regulatory nature resulting from the subsidiaries' operations, relating to INSS, FGTS and SAT tax issues.
i) Possible losses: The Company and its subsidiaries are parties to other suits in which management, supported by its legal advisers, believes that the chances of a successful outcome are possible, due to a solid defensive position in these cases. It is not yet possible to predict the outcome of the courts decisions or any other decisions on similar cases considered to be probable or remote. Consequently, no allowances were provided. The claims relating to possible losses as of December 31, 2008 were as follows: (i) R$ 230,267 for labor cases (R$ 211,432 as of December 31, 2007); (ii) R$ 492,093 for civil cases relating to personal injuries, environmental damages and tariff increases (R$ 398,739 as of December 31, 2007); and (iii) R$ 525,326 referring to claims on tax issues, principally Income Tax, ICMS (VAT), FINSOCIAL, PIS and COFINS (R$ 466,769 as of December 31, 2007).
Based on the opinion of their legal advisers, Management of the Company and of its subsidiaries consider that there are no significant contingent risks that are not covered by adequate provisions in the Consolidated Financial Statements, or that might result in the significant impact on future earnings.
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21. OTHER
Current | Noncurrent | |||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||
Consumers and Concessionaires | 50,544 | 55,724 | - | - | ||||
Regulatory Liability (note 3) | 248,437 | 150,360 | 1,371 | 137 | ||||
Energy Efficiency Program - PEE | 36,979 | 45,241 | 71,613 | 59,853 | ||||
Research & Development - P&D | 37,182 | 34,280 | 57,049 | 44,535 | ||||
National Scientific and Technological | ||||||||
Development Fund - FNDCT | 27,979 | 24,220 | 228 | 3,257 | ||||
Energy Research Company - EPE | 13,605 | 12,264 | 114 | 1,113 | ||||
Fund for Reversal | - | - | 17,751 | 17,751 | ||||
Advances | 6,962 | 11,475 | 47,180 | 82,597 | ||||
Interest on Compulsory Loan | 2,464 | 2,608 | - | - | ||||
Provision for Environmental Expenses | 6,330 | 778 | 544 | 3,684 | ||||
Payroll | 8,481 | 9,617 | - | - | ||||
Profit sharing (Note 27) | 23,048 | 23,893 | - | - | ||||
Other | 62,887 | 57,263 | 11,344 | 6,565 | ||||
Total | 524,898 | 427,723 | 207,194 | 219,492 | ||||
Consumers and Concessionaires: Refers to liabilities in connection with bills paid twice and/or adjustments to billing to be compensated or returned to consumers or joined in a program named Programa de Universalização. Liabilities to concessionaires refer to various transactions relating to the partial spin-off of Bandeirante by the controlling shareholder CPFL Piratininga.
Research and Development and Energy Efficiency Programs (PEE, P&D, FNDCT and EPE) The subsidiaries recognized liabilities relating to amounts already billed in tariffs (1% of the Net Operating Income), but not yet invested in the Research and Development and Energy Efficiency Programs. These amounts are subject to monthly restatement, at the SELIC rates, to realization.
Advances: Current balances refer to advances made by consumers to carry out work and services. Noncurrent refers to the contribution made exclusively by the shareholder Chapecoense to Foz do Chapecó. The subsidiary CPFL Geração will contribute funds relating to its participation in proportion to the requirements of the Foz do Chapecó Project.
Interest on Compulsory Loans: Refers to funds passed on by Eletrobrás to industrial consumers.
22.SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
The Company is a listed corporation with shares traded on the São Paulo and New York Stock Exchanges. The shares are negotiated abroad in the form of American Depositary Receipts ADRs, which individually are represented by 3 common shares.
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According to its Bylaw, the Company is authorized to increase its capital, when approved by the Board of Directors, of an additional 500,000,000 common shares. The Shareholders equity is represented by 479,910,938 outstanding common shares, without par value, distributed as follows:
Amount of shares | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Common | Common | |||||||
Shareholders | Shares | Interest % | Shares | Interest % | ||||
VBC Energia S.A. | 133,653,591 | 27.85 | 136,329,808 | 28.41 | ||||
521 Participações S.A. | 149,233,727 | 31.10 | 149,233,727 | 31.10 | ||||
Bonaire Participações S.A. | 60,713,511 | 12.65 | 60,713,511 | 12.65 | ||||
BNDES Participações S.A. | 29,821,870 | 6.21 | 27,465,653 | 5.72 | ||||
Brumado Holdings S.A. | 28,420,052 | 5.92 | 28,420,052 | 5.92 | ||||
Board Members | 3,112 | - | 3,112 | - | ||||
Executive Officers | 31,152 | 0.01 | 30,964 | 0.01 | ||||
Other Shareholders | 78,033,923 | 16.26 | 77,714,111 | 16.19 | ||||
Total | 479,910,938 | 100.00 | 479,910,938 | 100.00 | ||||
22.1 - Interest on Shareholders Equity and Dividend
In July 2008, the Company's Board of Directors approved the declaration and payment of interim dividends of R$ 601,576, corresponding to R$ 1.253516809 per share, on the results of the first half-year of 2008.
During 2008, the Company made a payment of R$ 1,315,355 in respect of the dividends declared on December 31, 2007 and June 30, 2008.
22.2 Allocation of Net Income for the Year
The Companys By-laws assure shareholders of a minimum dividend of 25% of net income, adjusted in accordance with the law.
For this year, the Companys management is proposing distribution of the remaining balance of the net income, through the declaration of R$ 606,105 in the form of dividends, corresponding to R$ 1.262952547 per share, as shown below:
Net income | 1,275,692 | |
Adjustment of Law n° 11,638/07 and Provisional Measure n° 449/08 (note 2) | (4,318) | |
Lapsed Dividend | 92 | |
Constitution of Legal Reserve | (63,785) | |
Net Income Base for Allocation | 1,207,681 | |
Interim Dividend | (601,576) | |
Proposed Dividend | (606,105) |
22.3 Adjustments on the accumulated deficit
In 2007, the adjustment on the accumulated deficit relates to the effect of initial adoption of Law No 11,638/07. The adjustment basically reflected the adoption of CPC 14 Financial instruments, which requires the accounting of certain financial instruments at fair value. Further details are mentioned in note 2.1 and note 31.
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23.OPERATING REVENUES
No. of Consumers (*) | GWh (*) | R$ thousand | ||||||||||||||||
Revenue from Eletric Energy Operations | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
Consumer class | ||||||||||||||||||
Residential | 5,564,167 | 5,368,159 | 4,937,060 | 11,649 | 10,766 | 9,489 | 4,499,677 | 4,555,313 | 3,922,483 | |||||||||
Industrial | 77,678 | 87,091 | 81,178 | 16,066 | 16,692 | 16,882 | 4,096,703 | 4,123,411 | 3,662,592 | |||||||||
Commercial | 494,103 | 483,929 | 448,440 | 6,938 | 6,509 | 5,779 | 2,411,256 | 2,494,199 | 2,145,111 | |||||||||
Rural | 233,420 | 264,642 | 236,792 | 2,449 | 2,511 | 1,966 | 438,726 | 482,039 | 369,114 | |||||||||
Public Administration | 42,172 | 40,766 | 36,786 | 1,027 | 972 | 862 | 339,364 | 352,223 | 303,339 | |||||||||
Public Lighting | 6,683 | 4,882 | 2,560 | 1,355 | 1,284 | 1,152 | 267,188 | 276,622 | 241,337 | |||||||||
Public Services | 6,520 | 6,291 | 5,640 | 1,634 | 1,590 | 1,472 | 420,279 | 448,637 | 390,015 | |||||||||
Billed | 6,424,743 | 6,255,760 | 5,748,456 | 41,118 | 40,324 | 37,602 | 12,473,193 | 12,732,444 | 11,033,991 | |||||||||
Own Consumption | 724 | 714 | 628 | 32 | 30 | 25 | - | - | - | |||||||||
Unbilled (Net) | - | - | - | - | - | - | (66,184) | (32,826) | 75,361 | |||||||||
Emergency Charges - ECE/EAEE | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | 48 | 3,052 | |||||||||
Regulatory assets and liabilities (note 3) | - | - | - | - | - | - | (112,396) | (344,450) | (213,124) | |||||||||
Electricity sales to final consumers | 6,425,467 | 6,256,474 | 5,749,084 | 41,150 | 40,354 | 37,627 | 12,294,614 | 12,355,216 | 10,899,280 | |||||||||
Furnas Centrais Elétricas S.A. | 3,034 | 3,026 | 3,026 | 322,879 | 298,818 | 273,480 | ||||||||||||
Other Concessionaires and Licensees | 5,077 | 3,842 | 3,484 | 554,620 | 284,983 | 200,376 | ||||||||||||
Current Electric Energy | 1,440 | 1,863 | 951 | 70,840 | 99,141 | 26,673 | ||||||||||||
Electricity sales to wholesaler | 9,551 | 8,731 | 7,461 | 948,339 | 682,942 | 500,529 | ||||||||||||
Revenue due to Network Usage Charge - TUSD | 858,117 | 799,634 | 691,896 | |||||||||||||||
Regulatory Assets and Liabilities (note 3) - Low Income Consumer´s Subsidy | 62,943 | 13,934 | 23,835 | |||||||||||||||
Other Revenue and Income | 207,900 | 355,658 | 111,512 | |||||||||||||||
Other operating revenues | 1,128,960 | 1,169,226 | 827,243 | |||||||||||||||
Total | 14,371,913 | 14,207,384 | 12,227,052 | |||||||||||||||
(*) Information not examined by the independent accountants
In Revenue due to Network Usage Charge TUSD, R$ 109,655 in 2008 relates do the CUSDg pass-through agreement with AES Tietê, as mentioned in Note 6.
The changes in Other Revenue and Income are mainly due to the writing off of Free Energy of R$ 188,755 in 2007, as mentioned in Note 3(a) Free Energy.
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24. COST OF ELECTRIC ENERGY
GWh (*) | R$ thousand | |||||||||||
Electricity Purchased for Resale | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||
Energy Purchased in Restricted Framework - ACR | ||||||||||||
Itaipu Binacional | 11,085 | 10,990 | 10,761 | 976,638 | 982,990 | 886,087 | ||||||
Furnas Centrais Elétricas S.A. | 1,261 | 1,207 | 892 | 98,004 | 88,598 | 63,161 | ||||||
CESP - Cia Energética de São Paulo | 1,711 | 1,071 | 372 | 137,411 | 83,999 | 26,291 | ||||||
Cia de Geração de Energia Elétrica do Tietê | 302 | 377 | 387 | 28,140 | 32,631 | 32,800 | ||||||
Duke Energy Inter. Ger. Paranapanema S.A. | 219 | 1,195 | 939 | 15,930 | 116,076 | 88,614 | ||||||
Tractebel Energia S.A. | 7,128 | 8,110 | 6,690 | 941,865 | 1,006,452 | 801,003 | ||||||
Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. Petrobrás | 1,718 | 1,717 | 1,717 | 194,004 | 195,924 | 198,584 | ||||||
CHESF - Cia Hidro Elétrica do São Francisco | 1,121 | 634 | 455 | 89,901 | 43,223 | 27,475 | ||||||
CEMIG - Cia Energética de Minas Gerais | 723 | 295 | 250 | 77,347 | 22,472 | 18,184 | ||||||
TermoRio S.A. | 309 | - | - | 63,083 | - | - | ||||||
Enguia Gen | 72 | - | - | 39,615 | - | - | ||||||
AES Uruguaiana Ltda. | 1,243 | 1,244 | 1,119 | 112,690 | 163,188 | 123,883 | ||||||
Câmara de Comercialização de Energia Elétrica - CCEE | 2,820 | 783 | 589 | 246,689 | 108,429 | 18,660 | ||||||
Other | 3,436 | 2,051 | 1,053 | 503,154 | 249,273 | 128,363 | ||||||
33,148 | 29,674 | 25,225 | 3,524,471 | 3,093,255 | 2,413,105 | |||||||
Energy Purchased in the Free Market - ACL | 16,183 | 18,488 | 20,773 | 1,497,619 | 1,313,965 | 1,375,919 | ||||||
49,331 | 48,162 | 45,998 | 5,022,090 | 4,407,220 | 3,789,024 | |||||||
Regulatory assets and liabilities (note 3) | - | - | - | 239,291 | 48,726 | (26,508) | ||||||
Credit of PIS and COFINS | - | - | - | (473,709) | (403,666) | (343,319) | ||||||
Subtotal | 49,331 | 48,162 | 45,998 | 4,787,672 | 4,052,280 | 3,419,197 | ||||||
Electricity Network Usage Charge | ||||||||||||
Basic Network Charges | 840,325 | 633,490 | 563,910 | |||||||||
Transmission from Itaipu | 73,928 | 66,602 | 62,013 | |||||||||
Connection Charges | 52,744 | 49,314 | 32,929 | |||||||||
Charges of Use of the Distribution System | 24,718 | 15,392 | 2,665 | |||||||||
System Service Charges - ESS | 166,321 | 5,016 | 21,039 | |||||||||
1,158,036 | 769,814 | 682,556 | ||||||||||
Regulatory assets (note 3) | (166,312) | (1,413) | 167,628 | |||||||||
Credit of PIS and COFINS | (87,936) | (65,620) | (76,107) | |||||||||
Subtotal | 903,788 | 702,781 | 774,077 | |||||||||
Total | 5,691,460 | 4,755,061 | 4,193,274 | |||||||||
(*) Information not examined by the independent accountants
In Basic Network Charges, R$ 98,396 of the amount recorded in 2008 relates to the agreement on collection for use of the distribution network from CTEEP as mentioned in Note 6.
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25.OPERATING EXPENSES
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
Sales Expenses | ||||||
Personnel | 67,029 | 55,388 | 47,897 | |||
Materials | 2,919 | 2,444 | 9,931 | |||
Outside Services | 69,853 | 59,669 | 31,721 | |||
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts | 36,585 | 47,534 | 83,324 | |||
Depreciation and Amortization | 11,082 | 9,977 | 7,078 | |||
Collection Tariffs and Services | 48,481 | 47,570 | 50,090 | |||
Other | 10,512 | 205,471 | 14,190 | |||
Total | 246,461 | 428,053 | 244,231 | |||
General and Administrative Expenses | ||||||
Personnel | 142,806 | 115,537 | 102,639 | |||
Materials | 7,225 | 5,548 | 5,258 | |||
Outside Services | 153,565 | 149,450 | 130,126 | |||
Leases and Rentals | 5,684 | 4,397 | 3,852 | |||
Depreciation and Amortization | 22,004 | 20,386 | 18,311 | |||
Publicity and Advertising | 5,527 | 11,644 | 8,657 | |||
Legal, Judicial and Indemnities | 19,719 | 24,574 | 29,229 | |||
Donations, Contributions and Subsidies | 6,117 | 7,324 | 4,005 | |||
Other | 22,525 | 15,044 | 12,332 | |||
Total | 385,172 | 353,904 | 314,409 | |||
Other Operating Expenses | ||||||
Inspection Fee | 24,803 | 21,258 | 17,942 | |||
Loss on the write-off of noncurrent assets | 12,284 | 23,780 | - | |||
Loss due to Non Use of Studies and Projects | 14,567 | 5,914 | - | |||
Allowance for RTE and Free Energy Losses (note 3) | 800 | 9,735 | 1,038 | |||
Other | 563 | 4,383 | 407 | |||
Total | 53,017 | 65,070 | 19,387 | |||
Intangible of concession amortization | 192,029 | 176,306 | 151,844 | |||
Total | 876,679 | 1,023,333 | 729,871 | |||
The changes in Other in Sales Expense is due mainly to the writing off of Free Energy of R$ 188,755 in 2007, as mentioned in Note 3(a) Free Energy.
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26.FINANCIAL INCOME (EXPENSE)
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
Financial income | ||||||
Yield on temporary cash investments | 134,728 | 106,635 | 132,397 | |||
Late payment charges | 112,297 | 111,057 | 92,003 | |||
Interest on prepaid income and social contribution taxes | 6,417 | 18,823 | 17,116 | |||
Monetary variations | - | 118,010 | - | |||
Interest CVA and Parcel A . | 45,720 | 68,300 | 106,817 | |||
Discount on purchase of ICMS credit | 11,469 | 14,557 | 13,503 | |||
Interest Extraordinary tariff adjustment (note 3) | 604 | 20,542 | 51,488 | |||
Dividends received from noncontrolling investments | - | 87 | 4,667 | |||
Increase in PIS and COFINS | - | - | 122,140 | |||
PIS and COFINS - Interest on shareholders equity | (18,133) | (17,761) | (14,760) | |||
Derivatives | 294,211 | - | - | |||
Other | 55,978 | 59,092 | 72,523 | |||
Subtotal | 643,291 | 499,342 | 597,894 | |||
Financial expense | ||||||
Debt charges | (593,527) | (526,423) | (535,072) | |||
Banking expenses | (2,291) | (81,175) | (65,507) | |||
Monetary variations | (419,641) | - | (2,127) | |||
Derivatives | - | (232,529) | (99,569) | |||
Other | (42,153) | (33,921) | (46,082) | |||
Subtotal | (1,057,612) | (874,048) | (748,357) | |||
Net financial expense | (414,321) | (374,706) | (150,463) | |||
27.EMPLOYEE PROFIT SHARING
In accordance with the Collective Bargaining Agreement, the Company and its subsidiaries introduced an employee profit-sharing program, based on agreed operational and financial targets previously established with the employees. An amount of R$ 34,641 was recorded in 2008 in the consolidated financial statements (R$ 28,699 in 2007). After the prepayment in 2008, a balance of R$ 23,048 is provisioned in the consolidated financial statements (Note 21).
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28.SEGMENT INFORMATION
Distribution | Generation | Commercialization | Other (*) | Elimination | Total | |||||||
2008 | ||||||||||||
Revenues | 12,778,694 | 385,651 | 1,207,557 | 11 | - | 14,371,913 | ||||||
(-) Intersegment revenues | 51,804 | 546,318 | 882,352 | - | (1,480,474) | - | ||||||
Operating income (loss) (a) | 1,525,173 | 546,986 | 301,966 | (38,105) | - | 2,336,020 | ||||||
Income before income taxes | 1,395,575 | 321,521 | 314,219 | (109,616) | - | 1,921,699 | ||||||
Net Income | 916,868 | 241,936 | 217,501 | (100,613) | - | 1,275,692 | ||||||
Total Assets (c) | 9,389,542 | 4,507,553 | 387,570 | 1,958,507 | - | 16,243,172 | ||||||
Capital Expenditures | 664,602 | 501,709 | 11,277 | 316 | - | 1,177,904 | ||||||
Depreciation and Amortization (b) | 473,836 | 88,023 | 2,965 | 100 | - | 564,924 | ||||||
2007 | ||||||||||||
Revenues | 12,985,618 | 329,227 | 892,539 | - | - | 14,207,384 | ||||||
(-) Intersegment revenues | 11,557 | 371,990 | 985,397 | - | (1,368,944) | - | ||||||
Operating income (loss) (a) | 2,055,374 | 465,041 | 352,211 | (25,370) | - | 2,847,256 | ||||||
Income before income taxes | 1,890,969 | 319,751 | 358,106 | (96,276) | - | 2,472,550 | ||||||
Net Income | 1,235,771 | 281,853 | 239,292 | (116,189) | - | 1,640,727 | ||||||
Total Assets (c) | 11,068,728 | 3,851,905 | 255,772 | 421,596 | - | 15,598,001 | ||||||
Capital Expenditures | 700,728 | 445,334 | 1,113 | 6,210 | - | 1,153,385 | ||||||
Depreciation and Amortization (b) | 469,888 | 76,785 | 1,388 | 100 | - | 548,161 | ||||||
2006 | ||||||||||||
Revenues | 11,249,034 | 282,091 | 695,927 | - | - | 12,227,052 | ||||||
(-) Intersegment revenues | 7,980 | 224,132 | 1,138,196 | - | (1,370,308) | - | ||||||
Operating income (loss) (a) | 1,645,063 | 369,807 | 275,760 | (18,913) | - | 2,271,717 | ||||||
Income before income taxes and extraordinary item | 1,459,623 | 257,875 | 282,734 | 170,859 | - | 2,171,091 | ||||||
Net Income | 1,095,296 | 165,252 | 188,398 | (44,850) | - | 1,404,096 | ||||||
Total Assets (c) | 10,388,503 | 3,173,930 | 180,891 | 305,457 | - | 14,048,781 | ||||||
Capital Expenditures | 526,954 | 265,881 | 4,295 | 105 | - | 797,235 | ||||||
Depreciation and Amortization (b) | 406,502 | 67,962 | 242 | 8 | - | 474,714 | ||||||
(*) | Refers to investment in other subsidiaries that act as a holding company. | |
(a) | Operating income for the commercialization segment includes the effect of intersegment transactions. The commercialization intersegment transactions are principally with the distribution segment. | |
(b) | From the total amount of depreciation and amortization described above R$ 225,115 as of December 31, 2008, R$ 206,669 in 2007 and R$ 177,233 in 2006 is classified as Operating Expenses which is comprised of R$ 192,029 (R$ 176,306 in 2007 and R$ 151,844 in 2006) related to Amortization of Intangible assets and R$ 33,086 (R$ 30,363 in 2007 and R$ 25,389 in 2006) related to sales, marketing, general and administrative expenses (note 25). | |
(c) | The intangible asset recorded in the parent Company was allocated to the respective segments. | |
29.RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The Companys main shareholders comprise the following groups:
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Controlled by PREVI - Caixa de Previdência dos Funcionários do Banco do Brasil.
The direct and indirect participations in operating subsidiaries are described in Note 1 (Operations). Controlling shareholders, subsidiaries and associated companies, jointly controlled corporations and entities under common control and that in some way exercise significant influence over the Company are regarded as related parties. Those entities in which the controlling shareholders participate in the respective Boards of Directors, even without exercising control, are regarded as exercising significant influence. Balances and transactions involving related parties are shown in tables 29.1 and 29.2.
The main transactions are described below:
a) Bank deposits and short-term investments Refer mainly to bank deposits and short-term financial investments, in accordance with Note 4.
b) Loans and Financing, debentures and derivatives contracts - Funds raised in accordance with Note 15 and Note 16, contracted under normal market conditions, in force at the time.
c) Other Financial Transactions The amounts in relation to Votorantim Energia and Banco Itaú are basically financial guarantee costs. The amounts in relation to Banco do Brasil are bank costs and collection expenses. The Company also has an Exclusive Investment Fund, managed by Votorantim Asset Management and BB DTVM, which charge management fees under normal market conditions for such management. The balance recorded in liabilities comprises basically the rights over the payroll processing of certain subsidiaries, negotiated with Banco do Brasil, which will be appropriated as income in the consolidated statement of income over the term of the contract.
d) Property, plant and equipment, Materials and Service Provision Refers to the acquisition of equipment, cables and other materials for use in distribution and generation, and contracting of services such as construction and information technology consultancy. These operations were contracted under normal market conditions.
e) Energy sales in the free market Refers basically to energy sales to free consumers, through short or long-term contracts made under conditions regarded by the Company as being market conditions at the time of the negotiation, in accordance with internal policies established in advance by Company management.
f) Energy purchases in the free market Refers basically to energy purchased by the trading companies in accordance with short or long-term agreements made under conditions regarded by the Company as being market conditions at the time of the negotiation, in accordance with policies established in advance by Company management.
g) Other revenue Refers basically to revenue from rental of use of the distribution system for telephony services.
The subsidiaries that are concessionaires of the public distribution service charge tariffs for the use of the distribution system (TUSD) and sell energy to related parties in their respective concession areas (captive consumers). The amounts charged are established in accordance with prices regulated by the regulatory agency. These distributors also purchase energy from related parties, mainly involving long-term agreements, in conformity with the rules established by the sector (principally by auction); these prices are also regulated and approved by ANEEL.
In addition, certain subsidiaries have supplementary retirement plan maintained with Fundação CESP and offered to the employees of the subsidiaries, in accordance with Note 17.
To ensure that commercial transactions with related parties are conducted under normal market conditions, the Company set up a Related Parties Committee, comprising representatives of the controlling shareholders, responsible for analyzing such transactions.
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The Company guarantees certain loans raised by its subsidiaries, as mentioned in Notes 15 and 16.
The total remuneration of key management personnel in 2008, as required by CVM Resolution nº 560/08, was R$ 12,392. This amount comprises R$ 11,994 in respect of short-term benefits and R$ 398 for post-employment benefits.
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29.1 Transactions between related parties involving controlling shareholders and entities under common control or with significant interest
Assets | Liabilities | Revenue | Expense | Purchases | ||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||
Bank deposits and shortterm investments | ||||||||||||||||||||
Banco do Brasil | 67,480 | 38,120 | - | - | 2,663 | 2,117 | 383 | 3,398 | - | - | ||||||||||
Banco Itaú S.A. | 26,145 | 95,086 | - | - | 616 | 954 | 33 | 1,705 | - | - | ||||||||||
Banco Votorantim S.A. | 57,390 | 52,970 | - | - | 7,227 | 6,948 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||
Loans and Financing and Derivatives contracts | ||||||||||||||||||||
Banco do Brasil | 266,531 | - | 1,036,739 | 767,109 | - | - | 84,109 | 92,232 | - | - | ||||||||||
Banco Itaú S.A. | 2,943 | - | 101,263 | 103,425 | - | - | 3,110 | 15,014 | - | - | ||||||||||
Other financial transactions | ||||||||||||||||||||
Banco do Brasil S.A. | - | - | 8,646 | - | 455 | - | 2,403 | 4,864 | - | - | ||||||||||
Banco Itaú S.A. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1,536 | 5,633 | - | - | ||||||||||
Votorantim Energia Ltda | - | - | - | - | - | - | 192 | 117 | - | - | ||||||||||
Votorantim Asset Management | - | - | - | - | - | - | 200 | 115 | - | - | ||||||||||
BB DTVM | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5,686 | 6,274 | - | - | ||||||||||
Energy sales in the free market | ||||||||||||||||||||
Camargo Correa Cimentos S.A. | - | - | - | - | 2,028 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||
Cimento Rio Branco S.A. | 7 | - | - | - | 641 | 7,402 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||
Citrovita Agroindustrial Ltda | 2 | 2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||
Companhia Vale do Rio Doce | - | - | - | - | 1,024 | 2,801 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||
NC Energia S.A. | 2,055 | 530 | - | - | 23,652 | 8,699 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||
Ripasa S.A Celulose e Papel | - | 5 | - | - | 4,586 | 4,125 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||
Santista Textil S.A. | - | - | - | - | 2,724 | 1,852 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||
Siderúrgica Barra Mansa S.A. | 28 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||
Energy purchases in the free market | ||||||||||||||||||||
Celesc Centrais Elétricas Sta Catarina | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1,642 | - | - | ||||||||||
Cemig Geração e Transmissão S.A. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 906 | 12,503 | - | - | ||||||||||
Companhia Vale do Rio Doce | - | - | - | - | - | - | 466 | - | - | - | ||||||||||
Votener Votorantim Comercializadora de Energia Ltda | - | - | - | - | 21,555 | 10,949 | 1,964 | - | - | - | ||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, Materials and Service Provision | ||||||||||||||||||||
Anfreixo S.A. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 7 | 13 | ||||||||||
Brasil Telecom S.A. | - | - | 56 | 19 | - | - | 1,088 | 1,585 | - | - | ||||||||||
Camargo Correa Cimentos S.A. | - | - | 3 | - | - | - | 222 | 246 | - | - | ||||||||||
Camargo Correa Equipamentos e Sistemas S.A. | - | - | 346 | - | - | - | - | - | 4,998 | 5,472 | ||||||||||
Camargo Correa S/A | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 136 | - | - | ||||||||||
Cemig Distribuição S.A. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 30 | - | - | ||||||||||
Cimento Rio Branco S.A. | - | - | 6 | 655 | - | - | - | - | - | 14,467 | ||||||||||
Companhia Brasileira de Aluminio | - | - | - | 305 | - | - | 3,002 | 3,176 | 880 | 7,805 | ||||||||||
Companhia de Eletricidade do Estado da Bahia Coelba | - | - | - | 13 | - | - | 221 | 115 | - | - | ||||||||||
Construções e Comércio Camargo Correa S.A. | 11,187 | 1,300 | 561 | 9,444 | - | - | - | - | 127,904 | 167,993 | ||||||||||
Essencis CoProcessamento Ltda | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21 | - | - | - | ||||||||||
Essencis Remediação S.A. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 25 | - | - | - | ||||||||||
Essencis Soluções Ambientais S.A. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 56 | - | - | - | ||||||||||
Petroflex Ind. E Com. S.A. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4,316 | 2,263 | - | - | ||||||||||
Ripasa S.A. Celulose e Papel | - | - | - | - | 47 | 52 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||
Siderúrgica Barra Mansa S.A. | - | - | - | 706 | - | - | - | - | 1,684 | 5,691 | ||||||||||
Tivit Tecnologia da Informação S.A. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1,595 | - | - | ||||||||||
Tivit Terceirização de Tecnologia e Serviços S.A. | - | - | 348 | 37 | - | - | 4,440 | 1,884 | - | - | ||||||||||
Votorantim Cimentos Brasil Ltda | - | - | 6 | 318 | - | - | - | - | 17,658 | 1,677 | ||||||||||
WEG Equipamentos Elétricos S.A | - | - | 1,391 | - | - | - | 2,714 | 4,489 | 1,511 | - | ||||||||||
WEG Industriais S.A. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 916 | - | - | ||||||||||
Other revenue | ||||||||||||||||||||
Brasil Telecom S.A. | - | 828 | - | - | 10,499 | 9,846 | - | - | - | - |
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29.2 Transactions between related parties involving subsidiaries and jointly-controlled:
Assets | Liabilities | Revenue | Expense | |||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
Dividend / Interest on shareholders' equity | ||||||||||||||||
Companhia Paulista de Força e Luz | 289,654 | 418,555 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||
Companhia Piratininga de Força e Luz | 127,922 | 157,521 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||
CPFL Geração de Energia S.A. | 244,332 | 175,228 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||
CPFL Comercialização Brasil S.A. | 123,918 | 108,678 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||
Companhia Luz e Força Santa Cruz | 22,336 | 37,211 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||
Rio Grande Energia S.A. | 59,110 | 93,672 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||
Perácio Participações S.A. | 17,660 | 17,498 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||
Expense allocation | ||||||||||||||||
Companhia Paulista de Força e Luz | 1 | - | 141 | 3 | - | - | 1,703 | - | ||||||||
Companhia Piratininga de Força e Luz | - | - | 20 | - | 29 | - | 382 | - | ||||||||
CPFL Comercialização Brasil S.A. | - | - | 15 | - | - | - | 228 | - | ||||||||
Leasing and rental | ||||||||||||||||
Companhia Paulista de Força e Luz | - | - | - | 3 | - | - | 76 | 35 | ||||||||
Intercompany loans | ||||||||||||||||
CPFL Atende Centro de Contatos e Atendimento Ltda | 1,045 | - | - | - | 14 | - | - | - | ||||||||
Advance for future capital increase | ||||||||||||||||
Perácio Participações S.A. | 409,310 | 409,310 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||
Other | ||||||||||||||||
Perácio Participações S.A. | 4,233 | 4,233 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
30.INSURANCE (*)
The insurance coverage maintained by the subsidiaries is based on specialized advice and takes into account the nature and degree of risk. The amounts are considered sufficient to cover any significant losses on assets and/or liabilities. The principal insurance policies cover the following:
DESCRIPTION | TYPE OF COVER | 2008 | 2007 | |||
Property, Plant and | Fire, Lightning, Explosion, Machinery breakdown, | |||||
Equipment | Electrical Damage and Engeneering Risk | 5,279,330 | 4,213,735 | |||
Transport | National Transport | 75,600 | 43,700 | |||
Stored Materials | Fire, Lightning, Explosion and Robbery | 27,830 | 36,700 | |||
Automobiles | Comprehensive Cover | 11,163 | 86,639 | |||
Civil Liability | Electric Energy Distributors | 220,424 | 166,615 | |||
Personnel | Group Life and Personal Accidents | 127,715 | 116,974 | |||
Other | Operational risks and other | 559,377 | 377,905 | |||
TOTAL | 6,301,439 | 5,042,268 | ||||
(*) Information not examined by the independent auditors.
The amounts for 2008 and 2007 include the risk cover in relation to CPFL Energias participation in the generation projects.
31. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND OPERATING RISKS
Classification of the financial instruments
The financial instruments are classified as:
Financial assets, in the categories: (i) loans and receivables, (ii) calculated at fair value through profit or loss, (iii) held-to-maturity investments and, (iv) available for sale. Classification is based on the following criteria:
I. Loans and receivables
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These are financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. These financial assets are recorded at historic cost by the amortized cost method.
The main financial assets of the Company and its subsidiaries classified in this category are: (i) consumers, concessionaires and licensees (Note 6), (ii) dividends and interest on capital and, (iii) other credits (Note 11).
II. Calculated at fair value through profit or loss
These are financial assets that are (i) maintained for short-term trading, (ii) denominated at fair value with the objective of improving financial reporting by mitigating volatility in the statement of income caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently or, (iii) derivatives. These assets are recorded at their fair values and, in the case of any subsequent change in these fair values, they are set against the statement of income.
The main financial assets of the Company and its subsidiaries classified in this category are: (i) cash and cash equivalents and short-term financial investments (Note 4) and (ii) derivatives.
III. Held-to-maturity investments
These are non derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments and defined maturities, which the Company intends to maintain until maturity. The financial assets in this classification are recorded at historic cost by the amortized cost method.
The Company and its subsidiaries classified the following financial assets in this category: (i) security receivable from CESP (Note 5) and, (ii) credits receivable by the subsidiary CPFL Paulista from CESP (Note 11).
IV. Available for sale
Refers to the financial assets that do not fall into any of the above classifications or that are designated as available for sale. These financial assets are recorded at the respective fair values and, in the case of any subsequent change in these fair values, they are set against the equity.
The Company and its subsidiaries have no financial assets classified in this category.
Financial liabilities, in the categories: (i) calculated at fair value through profit or loss, (ii) not calculated at fair value through profit or loss. They are classified in accordance with the following criteria:
i. | Calculated at fair value through profit or loss |
These are financial liabilities that are: (i) maintained for short-term trading, (ii) denominated at fair value with the objective of improving financial reporting by mitigating volatility in the statement of income caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently or, (iii) derivatives. These liabilities are recorded at their fair values and, in the case of any change in the calculation of these subsequent fair values, they are set against the statement of income. | |
The Company and its subsidiaries classified the following financial liabilities in this category: (i) certain debts in foreign currencies (Note 15) and, (ii) derivatives. | |
ii. | Not calculated at fair value through profit or loss |
These are other financial liabilities that do not fall into the above category. The financial liabilities in this category are recorded and amortized basically by the amortized cost method. | |
The main financial liabilities classified in this category are: (i) suppliers (note 14), (ii) loans and financing (Note 15), (iii) debt charges (Note 15); (iv) debenture charges (Note 16); (v) debentures (Note 16) and (vi) other accounts payable (Note 21). | |
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Risk Considerations
The business of the Company and its subsidiaries comprises principally generation, sale and distribution of electric energy. As public service concessionaires, the operations and/or tariffs of its principal subsidiaries are regulated by ANEEL.
The principal market risk factors that affect the business are the following:
Exchange rate risk: This risk arises from the possibility that the Company may incur losses and cash constraints on accounts due to exchange rate fluctuations, which would increase the balances of liabilities in foreign currency. In order to protect against that risk, the Company has contracted hedge/swap operations so that a great part of those liabilities are indexed to domestic index variations (CDI).
The Companys subsidiaries are also exposed in their operations to exchange variations on the purchase of electric energy from Itaipu. The compensation mechanism - CVA protects the companies against possible losses.
Interest Rate Risk: This risk arises from the possibility that the Company may incur losses due to interest rate fluctuations, which would increase the financial expenses related to loans, financing and debentures. For some loans borrowed in local currency, the Company has, as counterparts, regulatory assets updated according to the variation of the SELIC rate. Swap operations have been contracted for a portion of the debentures issued as a hedge against changes in interest rates. The subsidiaries have also increased the share of loans linked to the variation in the TJLP, an index less susceptible to the oscillations of the financial market.
Credit Risk: The risk arises from the possibility that subsidiaries may incur losses due to the difficulty in receiving amounts billed to their customers. This risk is considered low by the subsidiaries in view of the dispersal in the number of customers and the policy of collection and supply cuts for delinquent customers.
Risk of Energy Shortages: The energy sold by the subsidiaries is basically generated by hydropower plants. A prolonged period of low rainfall, together with an unforeseen increase in demand, could result in a reduction in the volume of water in the power plants reservoirs, compromising the recovery of their volume, and resulting in losses due to the increase in the cost of purchasing energy or a reduction in revenue due to the introduction of another rationing program, as in 2001.
Risk of Acceleration of Debts: The Company has loan agreements, financing and debentures with restrictive clauses (covenants) normally applicable to these kinds of operation, related to compliance with economic and financial ratios, cash generation, etc. These covenants are monitored appropriately and do not restrict the capacity to operate normally.
Management of Risks on Financial instruments
The Company maintain certain operating and financial policies and strategies with a view to ensuring the liquidity, security and profitability of their assets. As a result, control and follow-up procedures are in place on the transactions and balances of financial instruments, for the purpose of monitoring the risks and current rates in relation to those used in the market.
Risk management controls: In order to manage the risks inherent to the financial instruments and to monitor the procedures established by management, the Company use the MAPS software system to calculate the VaR - Value at Risk, and Mark to Market, Stress Testing and Duration of the instruments, and assesses the risks to which the Company is exposed. Historically, the financial instruments contracted by the Company supported by these tools have produced adequate risk mitigation results. The Company is used to contract derivatives, always with the appropriate levels of approval, only in the event of exposure that management regards as a risk. Furthermore, the Company does not enter into transactions involving exotic or speculative derivatives. Furthermore, the Company meets the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Law, and accordingly has internal control policies that aim for a strict control environment to minimize the exposure to risks.
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Valuation of Financial Instruments
The estimates of the market value of the financial instruments were based on pricing models, applied individually for each transaction, taking into consideration the future payment flows, based on the contractual conditions, discounted to present value at market interest rates, based on information obtained from the BM&F, Bovespa and Andima websites.
Accordingly, the market value of a security corresponds to its maturity value marked to present value by the discount factor (relating to the maturity date of the security) obtained from the market interest graph.
In the case of specific electricity sector operations, where there are no similar transactions in the market and with low liquidity, mainly related to the emergency electric energy rationing program, regulatory aspects and credits receivable from CESP, the subsidiaries assumed that the market value is represented by the respective book value. This is due to the uncertainties reflected in the variables which have to be taken into consideration in creating a pricing model.
In addition to the assets and financial liabilities calculated at fair value through profit or loss, the Company and its subsidiaries have other financial liabilities not calculated at fair value, which may be compared to the amounts raised in the market, as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, as follows:
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Accounting balance | Fair value | Accounting balance | Fair value | |||||
Loans and financing (note 15) | (2,946,401) | (2,750,478) | (2,883,222) | (2,759,980) | ||||
Debentures (note 16) | (2,709,078) | (2,735,823) | (2,434,613) | (2,462,556) | ||||
Total | (5,655,479) | (5,486,301) | (5,317,835) | (5,222,536) | ||||
Derivatives
As previously mentioned the Company uses derivatives as a hedge against the risks of variations in exchange and interest rates, without any speculative purposes. The Company has an exchange hedge amount compatible with the net exposure to exchange risks, including all the assets and liabilities tied to exchange variation.
The hedge instruments contracted by the Company are currency or interest rate swaps with no leverage component, margin call requirements or daily or periodical adjustments. As terms of the majority of the derivatives contracted by the Company are fully aligned with the debts protected, and in order to improve financial reporting by mitigating volatility in the statement of income caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently, the respective debts were designated, for accounting purposes, at fair value. Other debts with different terms from the derivatives contracted as a hedge continue to be recorded at cost. Furthermore, the Company does not use hedge accounting for derivative operations.
F - 70
The swap transactions of the Company as of December 31, 2008 are shown below:
Market values (book values) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Company / strategy | Asset | (Liability) | Market values, net | Values at cost, net | Gain (Loss) on marking to market | Currency / index | Maturity range | Notional | Trading market | Counterparts | ||||||||||
Derivatives for protection of debts designated at fair value | ||||||||||||||||||||
CPFL Paulista | ||||||||||||||||||||
Exchange variation hedge | 161,604 | (55,874) | 105,730 | 163,596 | (57,866) | yen | 08/2009 to 01/2012 | 1,142,339 | Over-the-counter | ABN, Banco do Brasil | ||||||||||
CPFL Piratininga | ||||||||||||||||||||
Exchange variation hedge | 13,554 | - | 13,554 | 13,428 | 126 | dollar | 02/2009 | 42,428 | Over-the-counter | BNP Paribas | ||||||||||
CPFL Geração | ||||||||||||||||||||
Exchange variation hedge | 235,080 | - | 235,080 | 251,057 | (15,977) | yen | 04/2010 to 01/2011 | 486,760 | Over-the-counter | Banco do Brasil | ||||||||||
RGE | ||||||||||||||||||||
Exchange variation hedge | 15,308 | - | 15,308 | 15,476 | (168) | yen | 09/2009 | 27,000 | Over-the-counter | Banco do Brasil | ||||||||||
Subtotal | 425,546 | (55,874) | 369,672 | 443,557 | (73,885) | |||||||||||||||
Derivatives for protection of debts not designated at fair value | ||||||||||||||||||||
CPFL Energia (Parent Company) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Hedge interest rate variation(1) | - | (1,326) | (1,326) | (167) | (1,159) | CDI + spread | 03/2009 to 09/2014 | 450,000 | Over-the-counter | Citibank | ||||||||||
CPFL Paulista | ||||||||||||||||||||
Exchange variation hedge | - | 2,799 | 2,799 | 2,742 | 57 | dollar | 04/2009 | 11,450 | Over-the-counter | HSBC, Itau BBA | ||||||||||
CPFL Geração | ||||||||||||||||||||
Hedge interest rate variation(2) | 554 | - | 554 | 635 | (81) | IGP-M | 06/2010 | 77,104 | Over-the-counter | Unibanco, Santander, HSBC | ||||||||||
Exchange variation hedge | 7,003 | - | 7,003 | 6,177 | 826 | dollar | 01/2009 to 06/2009 | 64,898 | Over-the-counter | HSBC, Santander, Itau BBA | ||||||||||
7,557 | - | 7,557 | 6,812 | 745 | ||||||||||||||||
RGE | ||||||||||||||||||||
Hedge interest rate variation(1) | 257 | (3) | 254 | (7) | 261 | CDI + spread | 06/2009 to 12/2013 | 380,000 | Over-the-counter | Santander, Citibank | ||||||||||
Exchange variation hedge | 35 | - | 35 | 35 | - | dollar | 01/2009 | 366 | Over-the-counter | HSBC | ||||||||||
292 | (3) | 289 | 28 | 261 | ||||||||||||||||
Subtotal | 7,849 | 1,470 | 9,319 | 9,415 | (96) | |||||||||||||||
Total | 433,395 | (54,404) | 378,991 | 452,972 | (73,981) | |||||||||||||||
Current | 36,520 | (53,443) | (16,923) | |||||||||||||||||
Noncurrent | 396,875 | (961) | 395,914 | |||||||||||||||||
Total | 433,395 | (54,404) | 378,991 | |||||||||||||||||
* For further details of terms and informationa bout debts and debentures, see Notes 15 and 16 (1) The interest rate hedge swaps have half-yearly validity, so the notional value reduces in accordance with amortization of the debt. (2) The interest rate hedge swaps have monthly validity, so the notional value reduces in accordance with amortization of the debt. |
In spite of the net losses determined by marking the derivatives shown above at fair value, the effects were minimized by the option exercised by the Company also to mark at fair value the debts tied to hedge instruments. It is shown below the effects of marking the debts at fair value, offsetting the losses determined only for the respective tied derivatives:
Company | Derivative (*) | Debt | Net | |||
CPFL Paulista | (57,866) | 51,068 | (6,798) | |||
CPFL Piratininga | 126 | (181) | (55) | |||
CPFL Geração | (15,977) | 10,661 | (5,316) | |||
RGE | (168) | 79 | (89) | |||
(73,885) | 61,627 | (12,258) | ||||
(*) Refer only to debt derivatives designated at fair values.
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The Company has recorded gains and losses on their derivatives. However, as these derivatives are used as a hedge, these gains and losses minimized the impact of variations in exchange and interest rates on the protected indebtedness. In 2008 and 2007, the derivatives resulted in the following impacts on the consolidated statement of income:
Hedged risk / Operation | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||
Company | Account | Gain (loss) | ||||||
CPFL Energia | Exchange variation | Financial expense - Swap transactions | 8,126 | (32,874) | ||||
CPFL Energia | Interest rate variation | Financial expense - Swap transactions | (412) | (22) | ||||
CPFL Energia | Marking to market | Financial expense - Adjustment to fair value | 2,629 | (2,758) | ||||
CPFL Paulista | Exchange variation | Financial expense - Swap transactions | 40,003 | (110,013) | ||||
CPFL Paulista | Marking to market | Financial expense - Adjustment to fair value | (53,067) | (3,788) | ||||
CPFL Piratininga | Exchange variation | Financial expense - Swap transactions | 13,428 | (16,613) | ||||
CPFL Piratininga | Marking to market | Financial expense - Adjustment to fair value | 126 | - | ||||
CPFL Geração | Exchange variation | Financial expense - Swap transactions | 277,553 | (60,933) | ||||
CPFL Geração | Interest rate variation | Financial expense - Swap transactions | 223 | - | ||||
CPFL Geração | Marking to market | Financial expense - Adjustment to fair value | (11,104) | (3,804) | ||||
RGE | Exchange variation | Financial expense - Adm other financial exp | 16,153 | (2,848) | ||||
RGE | Interest rate variation | Financial expense - Adm other financial exp | 302 | 2,318 | ||||
RGE | Marking to market | Financial expense - Derivatives adjust fair value | 251 | (1,194) | ||||
294,211 | (232,529) | |||||||
Effects of the initial compliance with CPC 14
Due to the initial compliance with CPC 14 Financial instruments, the Company and its subsidiaries marked the derivatives and certain debts with tied derivatives at fair value retrospectively to January 1, 2007. The following table shows a breakdown of the adjustments made:
2008 | 2007 | Initial adoption of Law 11,638/07 (note 22.3) | ||||||||||
Company | Derivative | Debt | Derivative | Debt | Derivative | Debt | ||||||
CPFL Energia | 2,629 | (2,114) | (2,758) | 2,727 | (1,030) | (613) | ||||||
CPFL Paulista | (53,067) | 49,169 | (3,788) | 2,389 | (954) | (490) | ||||||
CPFL Piratininga | 126 | (181) | - | - | - | - | ||||||
CPFL Geração | (11,104) | 8,581 | (3,804) | 2,141 | (324) | (61) | ||||||
RGE | 251 | (103) | (1,194) | 182 | 1,036 | - | ||||||
(61,165) | 55,352 | (11,544) | 7,439 | (1,272) | (1,164) | |||||||
Other exchange exposure
It should be noted that the indirect subsidiary ENERCAN has no swaps, as an exchange hedge, in relation to the debt of R$ 106,567 to the IDB and BNDES since a percentage of its tariff adjustments covers the exchange variation in the tariff period. In spite of the existence of a natural hedge against this exposure, the effect of exchange variations on these debts generated a loss of R$ 32,572 for the year, which will only be recovered after the subsidiary's next tariff adjustment.
The subsidiary CPFL Paulista also has a total indebtedness in foreign currency of R$ 696,246. As a hedge against exchange exposure, the subsidiary contracted derivatives used as a hedge directly tied to the indebtedness of R$ 621,711. To minimize the exchange exposure, the subsidiary also contracted a non tied derivative of R$ 14,953 and also has sufficient assets indexed in dollars (credit receivable from CESP and a fund tied to foreign currency loans Note 11) to offset any exchange impact.
Sensitivity Analysis
In compliance with CVM Instruction 475/08, the Company performed sensitivity analysis of the main risks to which its consolidated financial instruments (including derivatives) are exposed, mainly comprising variations in exchange and interest rates, as shown below:
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Exchange variation
If the level of exchange exposure at December 31, 2008 were maintained, the simulation of the effects on the consolidated financial statements by type of financial instrument for three different scenarios would be:
Instruments | Exposure (R$ thousands) | Risk | Exchange depreciation of 7%* | Exchange depreciation of 25%** | Exchange depreciation of 50%** | |||||
Financial asset instruments | 66,008 | apprec.dollar | 4,621 | 16,502 | 33,004 | |||||
Financial liability instruments | (340,737) | apprec.dollar | (23,852) | (85,184) | (170,369) | |||||
Derivatives - Plain Vanilla Swap | 150,920 | apprec.dollar | 10,564 | 37,730 | 75,460 | |||||
(123,809) | (8,667) | (30,952) | (61,905) | |||||||
Financial liability instruments | (1,456,286) | apprec.yen | (101,940) | (364,071) | (728,143) | |||||
Derivatives - Plain Vanilla Swap | 1,456,286 | apprec.yen | 101,940 | 364,071 | 728,143 | |||||
- | - | - | - | |||||||
(123,809) | (8,667) | (30,952) | (61,905) | |||||||
* In accordance with exchange graphs contained in information provided by the BM&F **In compliance with CVM Instruction 475/08 |
Variation in interest rates
Supposing that (i) the scenario of exposure of the financial instruments indexed to variable interest rates as of December 31, 2008 were to be maintained, and (ii) the respective accumulated annual indexes as of that date were to remain stable (CDI 13.6% p.a.; IGP-M 9.81% p.a.; TJLP 6.25% p.a.), the effects on the consolidated financial statements for the coming year would be a net financial expense of R$ 560,468. In the event of fluctuations in the indexes in accordance with the three scenarios described, the effect on the net financial expense would as follows:
Instruments | Exposure (R$ thousands) | Risk | Scenario I* | Raising index by 25%** | Raising index by 50%** | |||||
Financial asset instruments | 1,375,189 | CDI variation | (26,541) | 46,756 | 93,513 | |||||
Financial liability instruments | (2,610,384) | CDI variation | 50,380 | (88,753) | (177,506) | |||||
Derivatives - Plain Vanilla Swap | (1,650,162) | CDI variation | 31,848 | (56,106) | (112,211) | |||||
(2,885,357) | 55,687 | (98,103) | (196,204) | |||||||
Financial liability instruments | (398,370) | IGP-M variation | 3,426 | (9,770) | (19,540) | |||||
Derivatives - Plain Vanilla Swap | 71,099 | IGP-M variation | (611) | 1,744 | 3,487 | |||||
(327,271) | 2,815 | (8,026) | (16,053) | |||||||
Financial liability instruments | (2,175,262) | TJLP variation | 5,438 | (33,988) | (67,977) | |||||
Total decrease (increase) | (5,387,890) | 63,940 | (140,117) | (280,234) | ||||||
* The CDI, IGP-M and TJLP indexes considered of 11.67%, 8.95% and 6%, respectively, were obtained from information available in the market **In compliance with CVM Instruction 475/08 |
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32.COMMITMENTS
The Companys commitments under long-term energy purchase contracts and power plant construction projects are as follows:
Duration | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | Thereafter | Total | ||||||||
Energy purchase contracts (except Itaipu) | 2 to 20 years | 4,659,026 | 5,199,031 | 5,762,177 | 5,927,696 | 81,212,452 | 102,760,382 | |||||||
Itaipu | 20 years | 779,634 | 825,864 | 863,067 | 897,181 | 14,398,392 | 17,764,138 | |||||||
Power plant construction projects (a) | 2 to 31 years | 339,067 | 130,183 | 33,843 | 4,903 | 13,300 | 521,296 |
(a) Power plant construction projects include commitments made by the Company corresponding to its proportional share, public utilities liabilities (note 12), and bank guarantees relating to the jointly-controlled under development companies described in Note 1.
33.SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
33.1 - Tariff adjustment
33.1. a) CPFL Santa Cruz, CPFL Jaguari, CPFL Mococa, CPFL Leste Paulista and CPFL Sul Paulista
On January 27, 2009, by Ratification Resolutions, ANEEL established the annual tariff adjustment to be applied to the electric energy tariffs of the subsidiaries CPFL Santa Cruz, CPFL Jaguari, CPFL Mococa, CPFL Leste Paulista and CPFL Sul Paulista, as shown in the following table:
CPFL Santa | CPFL | CPFL | CPFL Leste | CPFL Sul | ||||||
Cruz | Jaguari | Mococa | Paulista | Paulista | ||||||
Verified Revenue | 192,302 | 77,004 | 47,999 | 73,724 | 87,327 | |||||
Sector Charges | 23,419 | 13,993 | 5,932 | 9,573 | 13,090 | |||||
Purchase of Electric Energy | 97,221 | 41,213 | 23,441 | 29,413 | 42,637 | |||||
Transmission of Energy | 19,238 | 9,647 | 5,594 | 8,727 | 11,092 | |||||
Parcel A total | 139,878 | 64,853 | 34,967 | 47,713 | 66,819 | |||||
Parcel B total | 72,974 | 20,626 | 18,083 | 33,810 | 30,810 | |||||
Income Required (Parc. A + B) | 212,852 | 85,479 | 53,050 | 81,523 | 97,629 | |||||
Financial Components | 28,530 | 300 | 351 | 1,924 | (149) | |||||
Total revenue | 241,382 | 85,779 | 53,401 | 83,447 | 97,480 | |||||
Adjustment Economy Tariff | 10.69% | 11.01% | 10.52% | 10.58% | 11.80% | |||||
Financial Components | 13.40% | 0.35% | 0.66% | 2.36% | -0.16% | |||||
Total tariff adjustment | 24.09% | 11.36% | 11.18% | 12.94% | 11.64% |
ANEEL also ratified the final result of the second tariff review cycle of the above-mentioned companies, as shown below:
Financial Repositioning | Xe Factor | |||||||
Provisional | Final | Provisional | Final | |||||
CPFL Santa Cruz | -9.73% | -17.05% | 0.22% | 0.00% | ||||
CPFL Jaguari | -0.35% | -3.79% | 2.10% | 1.69% | ||||
CPFL Mococa | -8.40% | -10.41% | 0.24% | 0.00% | ||||
CPFL Leste Paulista | -2.69% | -3.22% | 1.07% | 0.57% | ||||
CPFL Sul Paulista | -2.98% | -4.73% | 1.31% | 0.74% |
For further information on the effects of the second tariff review cycle on the accounts, see Note 3c.1.
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33.1. b) CPFL Paulista and RGE
On April 7, 2009 and April 14, 2009, by Ratification Resolutions, ANEEL established the annual tariff adjustment to be applied to the electric energy tariffs of the subsidiaries CPFL Paulista and RGE, respectively.
CPFL Paulista | RGE | |||
Verified Revenue | 4,640,667 | 1,902,839 | ||
Sector Charges | 690,911 | 222,227 | ||
Purchase of Electric Energy | 2,793,363 | 1,089,099 | ||
Transmission of Energy | 425,052 | 201,789 | ||
Parcel A | 3,909,326 | 1,513,115 | ||
Parcel B | 1,361,615 | 588,468 | ||
Income Required (Parc. A + B) | 5,270,941 | 2,101,583 | ||
Financial Components | 402,812 | 178,722 | ||
CVA | 232,828 | 113,340 | ||
Energy surpluses and shortages | 28,125 | (1,949) | ||
Advances | 117,093 | 138,013 | ||
Low Income Subsidy | 33,047 | 1,519 | ||
Discounts on TUSD and Irrigation Subsidy | 6,122 | 1,625 | ||
Connection and Frontier Charges | 3,932 | (2,073) | ||
2008 tariff review recalculation | (11,979) | (50,899) | ||
Subsidy for Cooperatives | - | (16,178) | ||
CCEAR exposure | (5,534) | - | ||
Other components | (821) | (4,676) | ||
Financial Repositioning | 13.58% | 10.44% | ||
Financial Components | 7.64% | 8.50% | ||
Total Repositioning | 21.22% | 18.95% |
ANEEL also ratified the final result of the second tariff review cycle of the above-mentioned companies, as shown below:
Financial Repositioning | Xe Factor | |||||||
Provisional | Final | Provisional | Final | |||||
CPFL Paulista | -13.69% | -14.07% | 0.83% | 0.96% | ||||
RGE | -5.38% | -8.11% | 0.66% | 0.00% |
33.2 - Change of share control
On January 30, 2009, in a Relevant Fact announced to the market, the shareholder VBC Energia S.A. disclosed the signing of the Share Purchase Agreement and Other Covenants by Camargo Corrêa S.A. (CCSA), Construções e Comércio Camargo Corrêa S.A. (CCCC), and Votorantim Participações S.A. (VPAR), for the purchase of all the shares held by VPAR in Átila Holdings S.A., representing 50% of the voting and total capital of VBC Energia S.A.
As a result of this acquisition, which occurred on February 20, 2009, CCSA indirectly holds all the shares of VBC Energia S.A.. This operation does not represent conveyance of control of VBC Energia S.A. or of the Company for purposes of Law nº. 6,404/76.
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33.3 Restructuring transaction of Perácio, CPFL Jaguariúna and subsidiaries
As described in note 1, the corporate restructuring involving CPFL Energia, Perácio, CPFL Jaguariúna and its subsidiaries was concluded during the first quarter of 2009.
The first step of this restructuring consisted in the merger of Perácio by CPFL Jaguariúna. Perácio was therefore terminated and the subsidiary CPFL Jaguariúna succeeded to its assets, rights and obligations.
The second step consisted in the spin-off of CPFL Jaguariúna, through (i) the transfer of goodwill and related tax benefit to the subsidiaries CPFL Leste Paulista, CPFL Sul Paulista, CPFL Jaguari, CPFL Mococa, CPFL Serviços, CPFL Planalto and Jaguari Geração, and (ii) a capital reduction in which it basically transferred the investments in the aforementioned subsidiaries to the parent Company.
After the restructuring, CPFL Energia now holds directly the investments in CPFL Jaguariúna, CPFL Leste Paulista, CPFL Sul Paulista, CPFL Jaguari, CPFL Mococa, CPFL Serviços, CPFL Planalto and Jaguari Geração. This transaction had no effect on the Companys shareholders equity or results of operations.
33.4 Issuance of promissory notes and Debentures
In April, 2009, it was approved and issued by the respective Board of Directors the issuance of promissory notes to the subsidiaries CPFL Paulista, RGE, CPFL Geração, CPFL Leste Paulista, CPFL Sul Paulista and CPFL Jaguari. The subsidiaries, issued promissory notes totaling R$495 million in the consolidated, of which R$445 million will become due in 360 days and the remaining R$50 million will become due in 180 days. These notes were issued at 118% of CDI, and were guaranteed by CPFL Energia.
In May, 2009, the Board of Directors approved the issuance of Debentures for the subsidiaries CPFL Paulista, RGE, CPFL Geração, CPFL Leste Paulista, CPFL Sul Paulista, CPFL Jaguari and CPFL Brasil. In the consolidated, the Company expects to borrow R$890 million which will be used to prepay the promissory notes issued in April 2009 and to finance the capital expenditures planned for 2009 and 2010, including the construction of Foz do Chapecó powerplant. These transactions are expected to be concluded by July 2009.
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34. SUMMARY OF DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES GENERALLY ADOPTED IN BRAZIL (BRAZILIAN ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES) AND ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES GENERALLY ACCEPTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (U.S. GAAP)
The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with Brazilian Accounting Principles, which differs in certain significant respects from U.S. GAAP. Following is a reconciliation of net income and shareholders equity of the differences between Brazilian Accounting Principles and U.S. GAAP as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 and for each of the three years 2008, 2007 and 2006.
I - Reconciliation of the differences between U.S. GAAP and Brazilian Accounting Principles
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
Net income under Brazilian Accounting Principles | 1,275,692 | 1,640,727 | 1,404,096 | |||
Capitalization of interest costs: | ||||||
Reversal of capitalized interest under Brazilian Accounting Principles | (1,747) | (3,305) | - | |||
Interest capitalized under U.S. GAAP | 30,514 | 32,577 | 25,986 | |||
Reversal of depreciation of capitalized interest under Brazilian Accounting Principles | 730 | 627 | 552 | |||
Depreciation of capitalized interest under U.S. GAAP | (7,798) | (7,917) | (4,829) | |||
Effect of disposals on capitalized interest | (255) | (279) | 10 | |||
Capitalization of administrative costs: | ||||||
Reversal of administrative expenses capitalized under Brazilian Accounting Principles | (40,080) | (48,247) | (41,523) | |||
Reversal of depreciation of capitalized administrative costs under Brazilian Accounting Principles | 8,038 | 6,873 | 2,839 | |||
Effect of disposals on capitalized administrative costs | 196 | 141 | 130 | |||
Monetary restatement 1996 and 1997: | ||||||
Depreciation of monetary restatement under U.S. GAAP | (223) | (224) | (217) | |||
Effect of disposals on monetary restatement | (17) | (14) | (17) | |||
Special obligations: | ||||||
Effect of depreciation under U.S. GAAP | - | - | (33,596) | |||
Accounting for the effects of regulation: | ||||||
Reversal for expenditure on research and development and energy efficiency programs | - | 48,517 | 10,071 | |||
Business combinations and goodwill: | ||||||
Basis differences: | ||||||
Depreciation of basis difference in property, plant and equipment | 5,090 | 539 | (47,738) | |||
Effect of disposals of property, plant and equipment | (12,118) | (13,081) | (14,550) | |||
Reversal of intangible assets of concession amortization under Brazilian Accounting Principles | 192,029 | 176,306 | 147,645 | |||
Amortization of intangible assets of concession under U.S. GAAP | (218,072) | (209,761) | (261,445) | |||
Amortization of lease agreement intangible under U.S. GAAP | (18,616) | (18,616) | (18,616) | |||
Reversal of deferred tax expense related to the amortization of merged goodwill recorded under Brazilian | ||||||
Accounting Principles | 66,091 | 46,025 | 38,452 | |||
Accounting for the leasing transactions: | ||||||
Reversal of revenues recorded under Brazilian Accounting Principles, net of taxes on revenues | (322,878) | (298,903) | (273,480) | |||
Recognition of income on the investment in direct financing lease under U.S. GAAP, net of taxes on revenues | 278,874 | 257,064 | 248,446 | |||
Reversal of depreciation recorded under Brazilian Accounting Principles | 22,728 | 22,892 | 22,810 | |||
Deferred costs: | ||||||
Operating expenses amortization of preoperating expenses capitalized under Brazilian Accounting | ||||||
Principles, net | 14,853 | 1,078 | 6,693 | |||
Pension and other benefits: | ||||||
Difference in actuarial liability | 5,777 | 5,992 | 2,479 | |||
Reversal of extraordinary item recorded under Brazilian Accounting Principles | - | - | 49,288 | |||
Financial Instruments: | ||||||
Adjustment to record derivative contracts at fair value | - | - | 1,289 | |||
Adjustment to record loans and financing at fair value | (49,316) | (7,742) | - | |||
Amortization of loan guarantees FIN 45 | (3,426) | (5,595) | (3,805) | |||
U.S. GAAP adjustments on equity in earnings of jointly-controlled subsidiaries | (4,206) | 11,839 | (41,262) | |||
Other | (105) | (2,085) | 1,462 | |||
Deferred income and social contribution taxes effect on the above adjustments | 15,487 | 42,221 | 30,911 | |||
Effect of above adjustments on noncontrolling interest | (2) | (2,287) | (5) | |||
Net income under U.S. GAAP | 1,237,240 | 1,675,362 | 1,252,076 | |||
Other comprehensive income (loss) post-retirement benefit obligation, net of tax effects | (360,444) | (6,184) | 88,595 | |||
Comprehensive income under U.S. GAAP | 876,796 | 1,669,178 | 1,340,671 | |||
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding basic | 479,910,938 | 479,762,222 | 479,756,643 | |||
Basic earnings per share | 2.578 | 3.492 | 2.610 | |||
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding diluted | 479,910,938 | 479,762,222 | 479,756,643 | |||
Diluted earnings per share | 2.578 | 3.492 | 2.610 |
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2008 | 2007 | |||
Shareholders equity under Brazilian Accounting Principles | 5,018,619 | 4,950,516 | ||
Capitalization of interest costs: | ||||
Reversal of capitalized interest under Brazilian Accounting Principles | (35,184) | (33,540) | ||
Reversal of accumulated depreciation recorded under Brazilian Accounting Principles | 19,036 | 18,370 | ||
Capitalization of interest under U.S. GAAP | 245,920 | 215,926 | ||
Accumulated depreciation | (56,430) | (48,858) | ||
Administrative costs capitalized under Brazilian Accounting Principles: | ||||
Reversal of capitalized administrative costs recorded under Brazilian Accounting Principles | (209,008) | (169,201) | ||
Reversal of accumulated depreciation | 26,826 | 18,865 | ||
Monetary restatement of 1996 and 1997: | ||||
Monetary restatement recorded under U.S. GAAP | 12,785 | 12,826 | ||
Accumulated depreciation | (7,320) | (7,121) | ||
Business combinations and goodwill: | ||||
Basis differences: | ||||
Property, plant and equipment cost | 1,005,342 | 985,417 | ||
Accumulated depreciation | (276,700) | (249,747) | ||
Reversal of intangible assets of concession recorded under Brazilian Accounting Principles | (3,761,459) | (3,761,460) | ||
Reversal of negative goodwill recorded under Brazilian Accounting Principles as "Other" noncurrent asset | 12,828 | 12,828 | ||
Reversal of accumulated amortization | 1,374,977 | 1,182,948 | ||
Recognition of intangible asset of concession under U.S. GAAP | 5,679,070 | 5,677,996 | ||
Recognition of goodwill under U.S. GAAP | 7,777 | 7,777 | ||
Recognition of lease investment intangible under U.S. GAAP | 488,677 | 488,677 | ||
Accumulated amortization | (1,896,018) | (1,659,330) | ||
Reversal of tax benefit of the merged goodwill recorded under Brazilian Accounting Principles | (962,830) | (962,830) | ||
Reversal of amortization of tax benefit of the merged goodwill recorded under Brazilian Accounting Principles | 213,107 | 147,016 | ||
Accounting for the leasing transactions: | ||||
Recognition of net investment in direct financing lease under U.S. GAAP | 488,369 | 534,312 | ||
Reversal of property, plant and equipment recorded under Brazilian Accounting Principles | (940,455) | (942,394) | ||
Reversal of accumulated depreciation | 241,218 | 218,490 | ||
Deferred costs: | ||||
Reversal of preoperating expenses capitalized under Brazilian Accounting Principles | (37,015) | (45,952) | ||
Reversal of amortization of preoperating expenses capitalized under Brazilian Accounting Principles | 22,171 | 16,255 | ||
Pension and other benefits: | ||||
Difference in actuarial liability | (289,006) | 251,345 | ||
Financial Instruments: | ||||
Adjustment to record loans and financing at fair value | (55,591) | (6,275) | ||
Accumulated amortization of loan guarantees FIN 45 | (17,832) | (14,406) | ||
Founder shares | (5,237) | (5,237) | ||
U.S. GAAP adjustments on equity interest in jointly-controlled subsidiaries consolidated proportionally under Brazilian Accounting Principles | (27,973) | (23,776) | ||
U.S. GAAP adjustments on investment at cost | (115,283) | (113,919) | ||
Reversal of proposed dividends | 606,105 | 718,889 | ||
Other | (2,167) | (1,978) | ||
Deferred income and social contribution taxes effect on the above adjustments | (396,694) | (597,855) | ||
Effect of the above adjustments on minority interest | 77,559 | 77,187 | ||
Shareholders equity under U.S. GAAP | 6,448,184 | 6,891,761 | ||
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II Statement of changes in shareholders equity in accordance with U.S. GAAP
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
Shareholders equity under U.S. GAAP beginning balance | 6,891,761 | 6,781,355 | 6,271,133 | |||
Comprehensive income: | ||||||
Net income for the year | 1,237,240 | 1,675,362 | 1,252,076 | |||
Other comprehensive income (loss) pension plan, net of tax effects of R$ 185,683 (2007 R$ 3,197 and 2006 R$ 45,640) | (360,444) | (6,184) | 88,595 | |||
876,796 | 1,669,178 | 1,340,671 | ||||
Capital increase | - | 5,513 | - | |||
Treasury shares | - | - | 8 | |||
Lapsed dividend | 92 | - | - | |||
Dividends and Interest on shareholders equity | (1,320,465) | (1,564,285) | (1,001,176) | |||
Adjustment to other comprehensive income related to pension plan, net of tax effects of R$ 87,995 and minority interest of R$91 | - | - | 170,719 | |||
Shareholders equity under U.S. GAAP ending balance | 6,448,184 | 6,891,761 | 6,781,355 | |||
Accumulated other comprehensive income (expense), net of tax effects of R$ 100,887 (2007 R$ 84,796 and 2006 R$ 87,995) and minority interest of R$ 91 for 2006 | (195,842) | 164,602 | 170,719 | |||
Pursuant to the adoption of SFAS 158 Employers Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans, as of December 31, 2006, the Company recognized an adjustment in the amount of R$ 170,719. In 2007, due to acquisition of RGEs minority interest, the Company acquired R$ 67 of its adjustment to other comprehensive income account, in addition to the R$ 6,184 recorded as expenses.
III Description of GAAP differences
Following is a summary of the significant differences between Brazilian Accounting Principles and U.S. GAAP:
a) Capitalization of Interest Costs
Under Brazilian Accounting Principles, the Company capitalizes interest costs of borrowed funds only for those transactions in which it was established by contract the direct use of funds. Additionally, the Company has capitalized through December 31, 2001 inputted interest on shareholders funds applied to construction in progress.
Under U.S. GAAP, in accordance with SFAS 34, Capitalization of Interest Costs, interest incurred on borrowings is capitalized by the weighted average cost, to the extent that borrowings do not exceed construction in progress. Interests on shareholders funds are not capitalized. Under U.S. GAAP, the amount of interest capitalized excludes foreign exchange gains and losses on foreign currency borrowings.
b) Capitalization of Administrative Costs
Under Brazilian Accounting Principles, from 2005 up to 2007, administrative expenses under fixed assets in progress were capitalized by apportioning personnel expenses based on the time spent on the activities linked to the investments. From this date on, the Company changed this criterion to that one adopted until March 2002, which consists in to capitalize administrative expenses by apportioning 10% of the expenses on personnel and outsourced services involved in the fixed assets. This practice is not accepted under U.S. GAAP and consequently, the effects have been reversed in the U.S. GAAP reconciliation.
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c) Monetary restatement of 1996 and 1997
As mentioned in Note 2.2. f, under Brazilian Accounting Principles, the Company was required to discontinue accounting for the effects of inflation in Brazil as of December 31, 1995. As of January 1, 1996, the carrying value of all non-monetary assets and liabilities became their historical cost basis. Under U.S. GAAP, Brazil was still considered to be a highly inflationary economy until July 1, 1997, and consequently, the Company continued to record the effects of inflation using the Market General Price Index (IGP-M) up to 1997.
The U.S. GAAP income adjustment represents the depreciation of the monetary restatement and disposals of fixed assets, which resulted from the inflation accounting applied during 1996 and 1997.
d) Special Obligations Linked to the concession
Special Obligations represent consumers contributions to the cost of expanding the electric power supply system, which are presented as a reduction to property, plant and equipment under Brazilian Accounting Principles. The assets acquired using the funds provided by consumers, or the assets provided to the Company by consumers under the regulations of Special Obligations are depreciated based on the respective assets useful lives, as established by ANEEL. According to ANEEL regulation up to 2006, Special Obligations were never subject to amortization.
Under U.S. GAAP, Special Obligations were considered a reimbursement of assets construction and/or acquisition costs and had been amortized since its contribution to the Company. The corresponding balance was presented reducing intangible asset (concession) when registered in the purchase accounting or, after the purchase accounting, reducing property, plant and equipment.
In 2006, through Normative Resolution No. 234, ANEEL established the general concepts, methodologies and procedures applicable to the second cycle of periodic tariff revisions for concessionaires engaged in the electric energy distribution services, which began in 2007.
This normative resolution modified the terms of the tariff rate setting process which, among other aspects, established that the fixed assets depreciation arising from assets acquired using funds provided by Special Obligations would no longer be considered as a component of the tariff to be granted to the concessionaire. According to the aforementioned regulation, the accounting treatment for Special Obligations under Brazilian Accounting Principles changed and, as from 2007, it has been amortized prospectively since the date of the corresponding tariff revision for each distribution concessionaire.
As a consequence of this change in regulation, the accounting treatment adopted under Brazilian Accounting Principles and U.S. GAAP, related to Special Obligations had to be aligned at that time, and certain adjustments to the balances under U.S. GAAP related to Special Obligations were recorded in 2006. Accordingly, since Special Obligations amortization has been the same for Brazilian Accounting Principles and U.S. GAAP, no difference is recorded in the reconciliation note.
e) Accounting for the Effects of Regulation
Under Brazilian accounting principles, the Company is entitled by ANEEL to recognize regulatory assets and liabilities that will be settled in the future through a tariff mechanism (note 3). Accordingly, the Company capitalizes incurred allowable costs as deferred regulatory assets when there is an expectation that it will be included in the next tariff adjustment, which is performed by ANEEL on an annual basis.
Under U.S. GAAP, the Company is subject to the provisions of SFAS 71 Accounting for the Effects of Certain Types of Regulation and additional guidance as Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) 92-7 Accounting by Rate Regulatory Utilities for Certain Alternative Revenue Programs.
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All regulatory assets and liabilities, as described in note 3, refers to (i) costs that will be recovered (or reimbursed to the consumers) through a tariff mechanism, or (ii) deferred income which is expected to be recovered in a period that do not exceed 24 months.
Therefore, there is no adjustment related to the accounting effects of regulation, except for the research and development and energy efficiency programs as described below:
- Research and development and energy efficiency programs:
The Company is obliged to invest, through its subsidiaries, 1% of the Net Operating Revenue in research and development and energy efficiency programs. This income is recorded on invoicing by the concessionaires, which also establish a provision in respect of expenditure not yet incurred for these programs, as mentioned in note 21.
A parcel of the amounts realized included amounts that were capitalized in the earlier years of the concession agreement. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, the provisions of SFAS 71 Accounting for the Effects of Certain Types of Regulation require recognition of the amount invoiced in income (loss) only when the expense incurred for these programs is recognized, including the effects of the amounts capitalized, so as to eliminate all the effects on the Companys income (loss).
Accordingly, the US GAAP adjustment until 2006 referred to the reversal of the income corresponding to the expenditure capitalized with the research and development and energy efficiency programs, and was only recognized on amortization of these assets.
During 2006 and 2007, several discussions were made by the distributions concessionaires and ANEEL regarding when research and development resources was initially applied, since it was only officially established after the first cycle of periodic tariff review which occurred in 2003. In its Official Letter No. 2,409/2007, ANEEL established additional guidelines and rules to be applied to 2007s year ended closing, which made reference to the fact that research and development resources are those established through the tariff rate setting process.
Based in ANEELs Official Letter, the Companys management considers that the amounts capitalized in the earlier years of the Concession were investments made by the Company, and the provisions recorded under U.S. GAAP should be completely reversed in 2007s income statement. Accordingly, there are no difference between Brazilian Accounting Principles and U.S. GAAP regarding research and development and energy efficiency programs.
f) Business Combinations and Goodwill
Before Law nº 11,638/07, according to the accounting practice adopted in Brazil on the acquisition of subsidiaries, the difference between the purchases price paid and the book value was recorded as goodwill, which was amortized on a straight-line basis over a ten-year period if supported by projections of future profitability. If the fair value of the property, plant and equipment of the acquired company exceeds the book value, the goodwill relating to this excess was amortized over the remaining useful lives of the related assets. Companies also had the option to amortize the goodwill over the remaining term of the related concession. If the goodwill did not fall into one of the above categories, it was written off. The acquirer was permitted to defer amortization of goodwill for several months until the acquired company become operational.
The enactment of Law nº 11,638/07 and the publication of accounting pronouncements as CPC 04 Intangible Assets and CPC 13 - Initial Compliance with Law nº 11,638/07 and Provisional Measure nº 449/08, modified the Brazilian Accounting Principles regarding this matter basically through the recognition of a new subgroup under Noncurrent Assets called Intangibles (note 2.2. g) which comprises (i) intangibles assets with finite useful lives subject to amortization (i.e. the right to exploit the concession), and (ii) intangible assets with indefinite useful lives subject annually to an impairment test (i.e. goodwill).
Pursuant to the new law, the goodwill that was related to the right to exploit the concession was reclassified to intangible with finite useful life and continues to be amortized proportionally to the future projected net income for the remaining term of the concession contract of each investee, as required by ANEEL.
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Under U.S. GAAP, pursuant to SFAS 141, Business Combinations are accounted for by the purchase method of accounting. The cost of an acquired entity is allocated to assets acquired, including identifiable intangible assets and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values on the date of acquisition. The excess of the cost of an acquired entity over the net of the amounts assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recognized as goodwill. SFAS 141 requires disclosure of the primary reasons for a business combination and the allocation of the purchase price paid to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed by major balance sheet caption. SFAS 141 also requires that when the amounts of goodwill and intangible assets acquired are significant to the purchase price paid, disclosure of other information about those assets is required, such as the amount of goodwill by reportable segment and the amount of the purchase price assigned to each major intangible asset class.
Under U.S. GAAP, the Company allocated in its Intangible, the right to exploit the concession, similar to the new criteria established under Brazilian Accounting Principles. However it was calculated on the date of acquisitions based on models that discount the concessions future cash flows to present value.
Additionally, under Brazilian Accounting Principles, up to 2003, this intangible was amortized by the straight line method and since 2004, as required by ANEEL, it has been amortized proportionally to the future projected net income for the remaining term of the concession contract of each investee. However, under U.S. GAAP, the intangible determined through the purchase price allocation method has always been amortized based on the straight line method.
For all business acquisition, during the purchase price allocation, only R$ 7,777 was attributed to goodwill and recorded by the Company under U.S. GAAP.
Consequently, the U.S. GAAP adjustments represent the reversal of the intangible and related amortization recorded under Brazilian Accounting Principles, and the recognition and amortization of the fair value adjustments as required by the purchase method.
SFAS 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, (SFAS 142) addresses financial accounting and reporting for acquired goodwill and other intangible assets. SFAS 142 addresses how intangible assets that are acquired individually or with a group of other assets (but not those acquired in a business combination) should be accounted for in financial statements upon their acquisition. This statement also addresses how goodwill and other intangible assets should be accounted for after they have been initially recognized in the financial statements. Under SFAS 142, goodwill is no longer subject to amortization over its estimated useful life, but rather it will be subject to at least an annual assessment for impairment by applying a fair-value-based test. Additionally, negative goodwill is recognized as an extraordinary gain at the time of the business combination after reducing to zero the amounts that otherwise would have been assigned to certain acquired assets.
In June 2007, the Company acquired 100% of CPFL Jaguariúnas total capital comprising of 94,810,080 common shares and 94,810,080 preferred shares. The total cost of this acquisition was USD 211 million which amounted to R$ 411,943 after currency translation and other direct costs.
Under U.S. GAAP, the Company has recorded such acquisition based on the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in accordance with the purchase method of accounting pursuant to SFAS 141.
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The fair values of the consolidated assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date are summarized in the table below:
CPFL | ||
Jaguariúna | ||
Current assets | 2,818 | |
Noncurrent assets | 766 | |
Investment on subsidiaries (i) | 418,941 | |
Total assets acquired | 422,525 | |
Current liabilities | 10,582 | |
Noncurrent liabilities | - | |
Total liabilities assumed | 10,582 | |
Net assets acquired | 411,943 | |
(i) Investment in subsidiaries:
CPFL Leste | CPFL Sul | CPFL | CPFL | Jaguari | CPFL | CPFL | Total | |||||||||
Paulista | Paulista | Jaguari | Mococa | Geração | Planalto | Serviços | ||||||||||
Current assets | 24,812 | 41,887 | 23,738 | 16,276 | 4,987 | 221 | 7,478 | 119,399 | ||||||||
Noncurrent assets | 15,572 | 18,988 | 12,928 | 5,754 | 4 | - | 814 | 54,060 | ||||||||
Investment on subsidiaries | - | - | - | - | 56,572 | - | - | 56,572 | ||||||||
Property, plant and equipment | 94,297 | 61,998 | 46,321 | 32,723 | - | - | 3,773 | 239,112 | ||||||||
Intangible assets | 18,355 | 55,164 | 28,749 | 19,726 | - | - | - | 121,994 | ||||||||
Total assets acquired | 153,036 | 178,037 | 111,736 | 74,479 | 61,563 | 221 | 12,065 | 591,137 | ||||||||
Current liabilities | 22,527 | 26,557 | 22,214 | 10,964 | 56 | 274 | 2,360 | 84,952 | ||||||||
Noncurrent liabilities | 19,114 | 15,004 | 9,894 | 5,973 | - | - | 26 | 50,011 | ||||||||
Total liabilities assumed | 41,641 | 41,561 | 32,108 | 16,937 | 56 | 274 | 2,386 | 134,963 | ||||||||
Net assets | 111,395 | 136,476 | 79,628 | 57,542 | 61,507 | (53) | 9,679 | 456,174 | ||||||||
% acquired | 93.20% | 87.80% | 90.15% | 89.75% | 90.15% | 100.00% | 89.81% | |||||||||
Net assets acquired | 103,820 | 119,826 | 71,785 | 51,644 | 55,449 | (53) | 8,693 | 411,164 | ||||||||
Purchase price paid | 103,820 | 119,826 | 71,785 | 51,644 | 55,449 | (53) | 16,470 | 418,941 | ||||||||
Goodwill | - | - | - | - | - | - | 7,777 | 7,777 | ||||||||
Under U.S. GAAP, the purchase price allocation for this acquisition resulted in the identification of R$ 7,777 related to the goodwill.
Pro forma information (unaudited):
The following summary presents the Companys unaudited pro forma consolidated statement of operations for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, in accordance with Brazilian Accounting Principles, as if the acquisition of CPFL Jaguariúna (in 2007), RGE and CPFL Santa Cruz (in 2006) had been completed at the beginning of each period.
2007 | 2006 | |||
Operating revenues | 14,408,453 | 13,176,633 | ||
Net operating revenues | 9,544,244 | 9,566,695 | ||
Operating income | 2,876,242 | 2,328,410 | ||
Net income | 1,635,166 | 1,425,450 | ||
Earnings per share | 3.407 | 2.971 |
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The pro forma information is only presented for comparative purposes and does not intend to be indicative of what would have occurred had the acquisition actually been made at such date, nor is it necessarily indicative of future operating results.
g) Accounting for Lease transactions
The adjustment under this caption is comprised mainly by the Serra da Mesa Lease Agreement. As described in Note 1.2, the Company has entered into a 30-year lease agreement relating to the Serra da Mesa power plant under which Furnas holds the concession and operates the plant, and is entitled to 49% of the related output. In exchange for the use of the plant, the Company receives 51% of the assured energy of the plant. The Company has entered into a 15-year sales agreement to sell back its parcel of the energy generated by the plant to Furnas for a fixed initial price, adjusted annually by inflation (IGP-M). Under Brazilian Accounting Principles, the lease is accounted for similar to an operating lease (note 12). Under U.S. GAAP, using the criteria set forth in SFAS 13, Accounting for Leases, the lease is classified as a direct-financing lease. Consequently, under U.S. GAAP, the power plant is removed from the Companys financial statements and an investment in the lease is recorded. The unearned income is amortized to income over the lease term so as to produce a constant periodic rate of return on the net investment in the lease. The investment in the lease is adjusted annually for inflation. Therefore, the contingent rentals for 2008, 2007 and 2006 was R$ 204,582, R$ 180,846 and R$ 169,803, respectively. The assets relating to this lease are presented separately in Note 12.
Following are the components of the net investment for all leasing transactions:
Year ended December 31, | ||||
2008 | 2007 | |||
Net investment in direct financing lease current | 43,559 | 44,531 | ||
Net investment in direct financing lease noncurrent | 444,810 | 489,781 | ||
Total net investment in direct financing lease | 488,369 | 534,312 | ||
Minimum lease payments receivable (*) | 5,764,167 | 5,652,901 | ||
Less: Unearned income | (5,275,798) | (5,118,589) | ||
Total net investment in direct financing lease | 488,369 | 534,312 | ||
(*) At December 31, 2008, minimum lease payments for each of the five succeeding fiscal years are as follows: R$ 321,995 in 2009, R$ 321,995 in 2010, R$ 321,995 in 2011, R$ 322,878 in 2012 and R$ 321,995 in 2013.
h) Deferred Costs
Before Law 11,638/07, the Company has capitalized certain preoperating, research and development costs under Brazilian Accounting Principles. Under U.S. GAAP, these costs are recorded as expenses when incurred. The U.S. GAAP adjustment represents the reversal of deferred costs capitalized and the related amortization recorded under Brazilian Accounting Principles.
According to Law 11,638/07, beginning in 2009, the Brazilian Accounting Principles will be similar to U.S. GAAP, and the deferral of costs will not be allowed. However, the remaining balance as of December 31, 2008 will be maintained up to its complete amortization.
i) Pension and Other Benefits
Under Brazilian Accounting Principles, until December 31, 2000, pension plan and other benefits were recognized on a cash basis except for CPFL Paulista, CPFL Piratininga and CPFL Geração. With the enactment of CVM Resolution No. 371/00 on December 13, 2000, as of December 31, 2001, companies were required to record pension and post-retirement benefits on an accrual basis. As allowed by CVM Resolution No. 371/00, the Company elected to record the parcel of actuarial liabilities in excess of plan assets as of December 31, 2001 over five years, ending on December 31, 2006.
Under U.S. GAAP, SFAS 87 Employers Accounting for Pensions and SFAS 106, Employers Accounting for Post-retirement Benefits Other Than Pensions, amended in 2006 by SFAS 158, "Employers' Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans" require recognition of costs on a more comprehensive accrual basis. Under SFAS 158, U.S. GAAP requires the recognition of either an asset or a liability, stated at fair value, for the difference between projected benefit obligations (as defined in SFAS 87 and SFAS 106) and plan assets, and all the changes in that funded status to be recognized through comprehensive income. SFAS 158 also establishes the measurement date of plan assets and obligations as the date of the employer's fiscal year end, and provides for additional annual disclosures. The disclosures required by SFAS 158 are presented in Note 34 (IV-a).
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j) Financial Instruments
i. Fair value measurements
The Company recognizes derivatives, specific foreign currency debts, financial guarantees and founder shares at fair value.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 157, which defines a framework for measuring fair value and requires expanded disclosures regarding fair value measurements. SFAS 157 does not require any new fair value measurement; however it establishes additional disclosures about instruments measured at fair value. That pronouncement has been effective since January 1, 2008.
Furthermore, SFAS 157 also provides requirements of three-level hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the observable and unobservable inputs to the valuation of a financial instrument at the measurement date. SFAS 157 defines observable inputs as market data obtained from independent sources, and unobservable inputs reflect market assumptions.
The three-level hierarchy of fair value is, as followed:
The classification according to the fair value hierarchy of Company´s financial instruments measured at fair value according to U.S.GAAP is determined in the table below:
2008 | ||||
Level 1 | Level 2 | |||
Cash equivalents | 420,205 | - | ||
Investments for trading | 204,383 | - | ||
Derivatives | - | 378,991 | ||
Loans and financing | - | (1,572,424) | ||
624,588 | (1,193,433) | |||
The determination of fair value under Brazilian GAAP and the method required by SFAS 157 to determine fair value under US GAAP did not result in a material difference and has not been included in the income and shareholders' equity reconciliations between BR GAAP and US GAAP.
ii. Derivatives
As discussed in Note 31, in order to minimize its financing costs and to manage interest and exchange rate exposure, the Company enters into cross currency swap agreements to effectively convert a parcel of its foreign currency denominated variable-rate debt to Brazilian reais accruing interest at the CDI rate (Interbank deposit rate).
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Before Law nº 11,638/07, under Brazilian Accounting Principles, any differential to be paid or received under these contracts was recorded in an accrual basis as an asset or liability, with a corresponding adjustment to interest expense in the statement of income. The fair value of these contracts was not recognized in the consolidated financial statements.
However, in 2008 the Brazilian accounting principle related to this matter was changed and the derivative instruments, as of January 1, 2007, are recognized on the balance sheet as either an asset or a liability, measured at fair value (note 31). Since the Company does not adopt hedging accounting, any change in the derivatives fair value has been recognized since January 1, 2007 in the statement of income.
Since the current practice adopted in Brazil is similar to the accounting practice established by SFAS 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, as amended by SFAS 138, Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities, and SFAS 149, Amendment of Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, since January 1, 2007, no difference is no longer recorded in the reconciliation note.
iii. Loans and financing recorded at Fair Value
Law 11,638/07 and the Brazilian account pronouncement CPC 14 Financial Instruments, changed the current accounting principle allowing the Company to choose to measure many financial instruments at fair value. Similar to SFAS 159 The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, the objective is to improve financial reporting providing entities with the opportunity to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions.
Under Brazilian Accounting Principles, the Company has chosen to measure at fair value, any financial liability as loans and financing when it is linked directly to a derivative hedging instrument, also measured at fair value. As described in note 2.1, this accounting principle was established in Brazil in 2008, and it was applied retrospectively to January 1, 2007.
Since the Company, up to December 31, 2007, had not chosen to apply SFAS 159 as established by the transitional rule, under U.S. GAAP, every financial instruments with the characteristics described above remains recognized by the amortized cost. Consequently, the difference in accounting principles is reflected in the reconciliation note.
All financial liabilities contracted as of January 1, 2008 with the characteristics described above have the same classification under Brazilian Accounting Principles and U.S. GAAP, and therefore are measured at fair value.
iv. Effect of guarantees recorded under FIN 45
Under Brazilian Accounting Principles, no specific pronouncement addresses the accounting requirements for guarantees. Therefore, the issuance of guarantees is not recorded in the financial statements.
Under U.S. GAAP, for guarantees issued the Company follows the Financial Interpretation No. 45, Guarantors Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others (FIN No. 45). This interpretation requires certain disclosures to be made by a guarantor in its interim and annual financial statements about its obligations under certain guarantees that it has issued. It also requires a guarantor to recognize, at the inception of a guarantee, a liability for the fair value of the obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee.
In 2004, 2005 and 2007, the Company issued guarantees for the jointly-controlled subsidiaries CERAN, ENERCAN and Foz do Chapecó, respectively, in an amount higher than its ownership interest in each subsidiary, as shown in the following table. In addition, there are other guarantees given by the subsidiaries shareholders, such as the pledge of their shares and the rights emerging from the concession. In case of default, the Company may take judicial action against the subsidiaries, in an attempt to recover any amounts disbursed. For more information regarding these loans see note 15.
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Under U.S. GAAP, the Company does not consolidate CERAN, ENERCAN and Foz do Chapecó, since the respective control is shared with other shareholders. Consequently, for U.S. GAAP purposes, pursuant to FIN No. 45, the Company is required to record a liability corresponding to the fair value of the guarantees issued amounting to R$ 48,170, R$ 3,036 and R$ 20,103 for CERAN, ENERCAN and Foz do Chapecó, respectively, which will be reduced through earnings as CPFL Energia is released from risk under the guarantee. The CERANs, ENERCANs and Foz do Chapecos guarantees were issued until the loans final maturity, up to the Project Completion Date and until the power plant commercial start-up regarding guarantees, respectively.
The offsetting entries were recorded as asset and are being realized through realization of the amount relating to the Companys investment, which represents the ownership interest in each jointly-controlled subsidiary, or through reimbursement to the Company by the other jointly-controlled shareholder.
Foz do | ||||||||
CERAN | ENERCAN | Chapecó | TOTAL | |||||
Total indebtedness as of December 31, 2008 (*): | (727,923) | (161,952) | (1,050,645) | |||||
CPFL Energia's indirect interest in the investment: | 65% | 48.72% | 51% | |||||
Percentage guaranteed by CPFL Energia | 100% | 57.27% | 60% | |||||
Liability as of December 31, 2007 | (43,351) | (3,036) | (10,019) | (56,406) | ||||
Additions - issue of new guarantees | - | - | (10,084) | (10,084) | ||||
Amortization - recognition in the statement of income | 2,689 | 109 | - | 2,798 | ||||
Liability as of December 31, 2008 | (40,662) | (2,927) | (20,103) | (63,692) | ||||
Asset - Company's share as of December 31, 2007 | 20,213 | - | 8,516 | 28,729 | ||||
Additions - issue of new guarantees | - | - | 4,594 | 4,594 | ||||
Amortization - recognition in the statement of income | (4,084) | - | (2,612) | (6,696) | ||||
Asset - Company's share as of December 31, 2008 | 16,129 | - | 10,498 | 26,627 | ||||
Asset - Accounts receivable as of December 31, 2007 | 11,769 | - | 1,503 | 13,272 | ||||
Additions - issue of new guarantees | - | - | 5,490 | 5,490 | ||||
Monetary variations | 4,712 | - | 565 | 5,277 | ||||
Payments received | (3,477) | - | (1,329) | (4,806) | ||||
Asset - Accounts receivable as of December 31, 2008 | 13,004 | - | 6,229 | 19,233 | ||||
(*) Correspond to the investee's total indebtedness |
v. Founder shares
Under Paulista Lajeado shareholders agreement, in order to maintain an yield equal to 49.67% of Eletrobrás participation in the Paulista Lajeados net income, it is granted to this noncontrolling shareholder, securities represented by Founder Shares entitled to 10% of Paulista Lajeados net income before any other participation. These securities will be converted into preferred shares with no voting rights in 2032, at the end of concession. The conversion of the Founder Shares into Preferred Shares will correspond, at the time of conversion, to 5.084% of the total shares issued by Paulista Lajeado. Founders shares payments occur on the same dates as dividends or any other form of remuneration made to the Companys shareholders.
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Under Brazilian Accounting Principles, founders shares are registered as a shareholders equity reserve, at historical cost. Under U.S. GAAP, according to the provisions of SFAS 150 Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity, those securities were classified as a liability and consequently have been measured at fair value.
k) U.S. GAAP adjustments on equity in earnings of jointly-controlled subsidiaries
CERAN, ENERCAN, BAESA and Foz do Chapecó are accounted for using proportional consolidation under Brazilian Accounting Principles. Under U.S. GAAP, they are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. The U.S. GAAP adjustments basically are related to capitalized administrative and interest costs, deferred charges and the recognition of an intangible asset and a liability related to the use of a public asset during the time of the concession. The effect of these adjustments is included as U.S. GAAP adjustments on equity in earnings of jointly-controlled subsidiaries, a line item in the reconciliations of net income (loss) and shareholders equity.
Up to May 2006, RGE and Sul Geradora were accounted for using proportional consolidation under Brazilian Accounting Principles, and by the equity method of accounting under U.S. GAAP. Since June 2006, when the Company acquired CPFL Serra and the control of RGE and Sul Geradora these subsidiaries became fully consolidated under Brazilian Accounting Principles and U.S. GAAP.
Under Brazilian Accounting Principles, property, plant and equipment under construction and in service of our jointly-controlled generation subsidiaries as of December 31, 2008 are as follows:
Foz do | ||||||||||
Plants as of December 31, 2008 | CERAN | Enercan | BAESA | Chapecó | Total | |||||
Property, plant and equipment in service | 1,117,706 | 1,483,160 | 1,440,681 | - | 4,041,547 | |||||
Accumulated depreciation | (33,528) | (67,671) | (101,426) | - | (202,625) | |||||
Net value | 1,084,178 | 1,415,489 | 1,339,255 | - | 3,838,922 | |||||
Plant under construction | 54,296 | 2,083 | 1,923 | 1,237,829 | 1,296,131 | |||||
Property, plant and equipment, net | 1,138,474 | 1,417,572 | 1,341,178 | 1,237,829 | 5,135,053 | |||||
Companys share - % | 65.00% | 48.72% | 25.01% | 51.00% | ||||||
Proportionate share in each plant | 740,008 | 690,684 | 335,374 | 631,293 | 2,397,359 | |||||
l) Proportional Consolidation
As discussed in Note 2, under Brazilian Accounting Principles, the Company consolidates jointly-controlled subsidiaries using proportional consolidation. The Companys investments accounted for using proportional consolidation are (i) CERAN, ENERCAN and BAESA for all periods presented, in which the Company holds a 65.00%, 48.72% and 25.01% interest share, respectively; (ii) FOZ DO CHAPECÓ, in which the Company increased its interest share in December 2006 from 40% to 51%, and (iii) RGE and Sul Geradora until May 2006, in which the Company had a 67.07% and 67.23% ownership interest, respectively. Under U.S. GAAP, proportional consolidation is prohibited except in certain specific circumstances. Since the other shareholders interests in these jointly-controlled subsidiaries have substantive participating rights relation to, among others, (i) the approval of operating budgets, (ii) approval of transactions not provided for in the operating budget that exceed low threshold amounts, (iii) approval of the placement of executive officers, and (iv) approval of ordinary dividends, the Company would be precluded from consolidating these entities under U.S. GAAP and, consequently, these investments are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. This is a presentational difference only and does not affect the net income nor shareholders equity as determined under U.S. GAAP.
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Summarized balance sheet, statement of income and cash flow information for jointly-controlled subsidiaries of amounts proportionally consolidated in the Companys Brazilian Accounting Principles financial statements is presented below:
As of December 31, | ||||
2008 | 2007 | |||
Current assets | 220,565 | 434,439 | ||
Noncurrent assets | 2,471,503 | 2,003,634 | ||
Net assets, eliminated in the consolidated(*) | (930,988) | (729,783) | ||
Total assets | 1,761,080 | 1,708,290 | ||
Current liabilities | 116,596 | 324,350 | ||
Noncurrent liabilities | 1,644,484 | 1,383,940 | ||
Total liabilities and shareholders equity | 1,761,080 | 1,708,290 | ||
(*) Amount eliminated in the consolidated financial statement, related to the investment in jointly-controlled subsidiaries.
Year ended December 31, | ||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
Operating revenues | 317,245 | 269,067 | 775,460 | |||
Operating income | 191,362 | 150,267 | 158,510 | |||
Cash flow provided by operating activities | 88,693 | 89,435 | 97,219 | |||
Cash flow used in investing activities | (350,441) | (263,126) | (301,090) | |||
Cash flow provided by financing activities | 82,457 | 521,361 | 191,961 |
m) Income taxes
Under Brazilian Accounting Principles, deferred income tax liabilities are recognized based on the amount of future expected taxes to be paid. Deferred income tax assets related to deductible temporary differences or tax loss carryforwards are recognized when there is a reasonable certainty that the Company will generate profits against which it can offset such an asset. In addition, there are no expiration dates for the tax loss carryforwards.
Under U.S. GAAP, deferred income tax assets related to deductible temporary differences or tax loss carryforwards are recognized and, if necessary, a valuation allowance is recorded if it is more likely than not that such assets will not be realized.
According to U.S. GAAP, the Company has recorded additional deferred tax assets and liabilities for income tax and social contribution tax. The tax effects of temporary differences and tax loss carryforwards that give rise to significant portions of deferred tax assets and liabilities are presented below:
As of December 31, | ||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
Deferred tax asset under U.S. GAAP | 850,801 | 784,696 | 650,114 | |||
Valuation allowance | (325,834) | (372,770) | (385,375) | |||
Deferred tax asset, net of valuation allowance under U.S. GAAP | 524,967 | 411,926 | 264,739 | |||
Deferred tax liability under U.S. GAAP | (318,504) | (490,911) | (368,521) | |||
Net deferred tax (liability) / asset under U.S. GAAP | 206,463 | (78,985) | (103,782) |
The net decrease in the total valuation allowance for each of the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, was R$ 46,936, R$ 12,605 and R$ 26,435, respectively.
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In assessing the recoverability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax-planning strategies in making this assessment. Based on the level of historical taxable income and projections for future taxable income over the periods for which deferred tax assets are deductible, management believes that it is more likely than not that the Company will realize the benefits of these deductible differences, net of existing valuation allowance at December 31, 2008. The amount of the deferred tax assets is considered realizable; however, could be reduced in the near term if estimates of future taxable income are reduced.
The Company adopted the provisions of FIN 48 on January 1, 2007 and recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not of being sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. As a result of the implementation of FIN 48, the company did not record any further tax benefit related to uncertainty in income taxes, beyond those already recorded under Brazilian Accounting Principles (note 20). A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:
Balance at January 1, 2007 | 43,993 | |
Increase related to prior year tax positions | - | |
Decrease related to prior year tax positions | - | |
Increase related to current year tax positions | 8,407 | |
Settlements | - | |
Balance at December 31, 2007 | 52,400 | |
Increase related to prior year tax positions | - | |
Decrease related to prior year tax positions | - | |
Increase related to current year tax positions | 7,308 | |
Settlements | - | |
Balance at December 31, 2008 | 59,708 | |
The total unrecognized tax benefits described above, if recognized, would affect the effective rate on income from continuing operations in each year.
The Company and its subsidiaries file federal income tax returns only in Brazil. For years before 2003, the Company is no longer subject to Brazilian federal income tax examinations. All income before taxes, minority interest and related income taxes are from Brazilian sources. The main lawsuits challenges by the Brazilian Revenue Service are described in note 20. Management, based on the opinion of the legal counsel, considers that there are no significant risks that are not covered by liabilities already recorded or that would result in a material change to its financial position or results of operations. The Company cannot predict that the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits will significantly increase or decrease within the next 12 months.
The Companys policy is to record penalties and interests related to unrecognized tax benefits as financial expenses in the consolidated statements of income. For the balance shown in the table above, the Company made escrow deposits waiting for the final decision by the Brazilian courts. Therefore the company is not subject to penalties and the interest expenses are offset by the monetary restatement applied to the escrow deposits.
n) Dividends Proposed
Under Brazilian Corporate Law, the Company is required to distribute at least 25% of its adjusted net income as a minimum mandatory annual dividend. The dividend that exceeds the 25% minimum limit, may be proposed and accrued at each balance sheet date, but subject to the Annual Shareholders Meeting approval. Under U.S. GAAP, the dividend that exceeds the 25% minimum mandatory are recorded after the Annual Shareholders Meeting approval.
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o) Comprehensive income
Brazilian Accounting Principles do not encompass the concept of comprehensive income. Under U.S. GAAP, SFAS 130, Reporting comprehensive income, requires the disclosure of comprehensive income. Comprehensive income is comprised of net income and other comprehensive income that include charges or credits directly to equity. For U.S. GAAP reconciliation purposes, the amounts related to the difference between the pension plan fair value and the amount already recognized through the statement of income and the related deferred tax and noncontrolling interest effects that were recorded as adjustments directly to shareholders equity have been considered as other comprehensive income.
p) Impairment of Long-lived Assets
Law 11,638/07 provided additional requirements, similar to U.S. GAAP, regarding the recoverability of long lived assets, which are subject to impairment test at least annually (note 2.2. h). As of December 31, 2008, the recoverable value of these assets exceeds their book value recognized under Brazilian Accounting Principles.
Under U.S. GAAP, Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) 144, Accounting for the Impairment of Long-lived Assets and Long-lived Assets to be Disposed of, addresses accounting for the impairment of long-lived assets. Under SFAS 144, a provision for impairment is recorded against long-lived assets when there is an indication, based on a review of undiscounted future cash flows, that the carrying value of an asset or a group of assets may not be recoverable. No impairment has been recorded under U.S. GAAP for all periods presented.
q) Escrow deposits
Under Brazilian Accounting Principles, the balances of escrow deposits are offset against the corresponding liability under the heading Reserve for Contingencies in noncurrent liabilities. Under U.S. GAAP, these balances are recorded gross as escrow deposits and reserve for contingencies. As a consequence, noncurrent assets and noncurrent liabilities under U.S. GAAP would be increased by R$ 149,998 and R$ 158,876 at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. This difference has no net income or equity effect.
r) Earnings Per Share (EPS)
Under Brazilian Accounting Principles, net income per share is calculated on the number of shares outstanding at the balance sheet date. Subsequent changes in the Companys share capital are not retroactively reflected in the disclosure of number of shares outstanding and in the calculation of earnings per share under Brazilian Accounting Principles. Under U.S. GAAP, the Company calculates earnings per share in accordance with SFAS 128, Earnings Per Share. Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing net earnings available to common shares by average common shares outstanding during the period. For 2008, 2007 and 2006, the Company has no potentially dilutive securities outstanding.
The computation of basic and diluted earnings per share is as follows:
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
Net income under U.S. GAAP | 1,237,240 | 1,675,362 | 1,252,076 | |||
Weighted average number of common shares | ||||||
outstanding during the period for basic and | ||||||
diluted EPS computation | 479,910,938 | 479,762,222 | 479,756,643 | |||
Basic and diluted earnings per share R$ | 2.578 | 3.492 | 2.610 |
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IV SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES REQUIRED BY U.S. GAAP
a) Pension and Other Benefits
The disclosures required by SFAS 132 (Revised), Employers Disclosures about Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits, SFAS 158 Employers Accounting for Defined benefit pension and Other Postretirement Plans and amendment of FASB Statements n. 87, 88 and 106 are presented below.
Obligations and Funded Status
As of December 31, | ||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
Change in benefit obligation (*) | ||||||
Benefit obligation at beginning of year | 3,597,623 | 3,150,340 | 3,049,416 | |||
Service cost | 6,836 | 6,126 | 6,028 | |||
Interest cost | 356,370 | 341,377 | 338,921 | |||
Actuarial (gain)/loss | 373,649 | 341,017 | (127,644) | |||
Benefits paid during the year | (251,949) | (241,237) | (234,326) | |||
Benefit obligation added due to acquisition of RGE. | - | - | 117,945 | |||
Benefit obligation at end of year | 4,082,529 | 3,597,623 | 3,150,340 | |||
Change in plan assets (*) | ||||||
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year | 3,164,748 | 2,588,739 | 2,058,516 | |||
Actual return on plan assets | 279,174 | 729,359 | 512,969 | |||
Participants contributions | 1,484 | 2,551 | 1,823 | |||
Sponsors contributions | 70,381 | 85,336 | 99,824 | |||
Benefits paid | (251,949) | (241,237) | (234,326) | |||
Plan assets added due to acquisition of RGE | - | - | 149,933 | |||
Fair Value of plan assets at end of year | 3,263,838 | 3,164,748 | 2,588,739 | |||
Unfunded status at end of year | (818,691) | (432,875) | (561,601) | |||
(*) The subsidiaries used a measurement date as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.
In 2008, the subsidiary RGE has a pension plan with funded status in the amount of R$ 5,987 (R$ 33,952 in 2007). To compose the consolidated amount, the remaining subsidiaries sponsor a defined benefit plan, which, as of December 31, 2008 have pension plans with unfunded status in the amount of R$ 824,678 (R$ 466,827 in December 31, 2007).
The book balances include other contributions relating to the Companys plans amounting to R$ 22,597 (R$ 36,305 in 2007).
Amounts recognized in the statement of financial position consist of:
As of December 31, | ||||
2008 | 2007 | |||
Noncurrent assets | 5,987 | 33,952 | ||
Long-term liabilities | (824,678) | (466,827) | ||
Unfunded status | (818,691) | (432,875) | ||
Information for pension plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets:
As of December 31, | ||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
Projected benefit obligation | 4,082,529 | 3,597,623 | 3,150,340 | |||
Accumulated benefit obligation | 4,064,668 | 3,582,665 | 3,137,743 | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 3,263,838 | 3,164,748 | 2,588,739 |
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Components of Net Periodic Pension Cost
As of December 31, | ||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
Service cost | (7,000) | (6,125) | (6,028) | |||
Interest cost | (356,370) | (341,376) | (338,921) | |||
Expected return on plan assets | 448,405 | 392,038 | 350,264 | |||
Amortization of deferred gains, net | 3,323 | 8,342 | 4,362 | |||
Expected participant contribution | 1,570 | - | - | |||
Net periodic benefit cost under U.S. GAAP | 89,928 | 52,879 | 9,677 | |||
Net periodic benefit cost under Brazilian | ||||||
Accounting Principles | (84,151) | (46,887) | 41,579 | |||
Less: Proportionate net periodic benefit | ||||||
income of RGE | - | - | 511 | |||
U.S. GAAP adjustment to net income | 5,777 | 5,992 | 51,767 | |||
Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income at beginning | ||||||
of year | 249,398 | 258,805 | (134,235) | |||
Decrease (increase) in additional minimum liability | - | - | 134,235 | |||
Amounts recognized in net periodic prepaid pension cost | (89,928) | (52,879) | - | |||
Net actuarial gain (loss) | (456,199) | 43,472 | - | |||
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the year | (546,127) | (9,407) | 134,235 | |||
Adjustment related to the adoption of SFAS 158 | - | - | 258,805 | |||
Accumulated other comprehensive income at end of year | (296,729) | 249,398 | 258,805 | |||
The components of the projected net periodic pension cost for 2009 are as follows:
Cost of service | (8,335) | |
Interest on actuarial liabilities | (404,154) | |
Expected return on plan assets | 406,760 | |
Amortization of deferred losses | (163) | |
Prior service cost | (14) | |
Expected participant contribution | 2,424 | |
Total expense | (3,482) | |
Assumptions used were as follows:
2009 | 2008 | 2007 (*) | ||||
Annual discount rate (**) | 6% | 6% | 6% | |||
Annual expected return on assets (**) | 9% | 10% | 11% | |||
Annual salary increase (**) | 2% | 2% | 2% | |||
Annual benefits adjustments (**) | 0% | 0% | 0% | |||
Long term inflation | 4% | 4% | 5% |
(*) For 2007, RGE used an annual discount rate of 6.0%, annual expected return on assets of 6.0%, an annual salary increase of 2.0% and a long term inflation of 3.2% .
(**) Refers to real rate
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Plan Assets
The following table shows the distribution (per asset segment), as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, of the resources on which the CPFL Group benefits plan, managed by Fundação CESP, is secured. It also shows the distribution of the guaranteeing resources established as a target for 2009, obtained in the light of the macroeconomic prospects as of December 2008.
Target | ||||||
As of December 31, | Allocation | |||||
2008 | 2007 | 2009 | ||||
Fixed income investments | 73% | 71% | 71% | |||
Stocks | 22% | 25% | 25% | |||
Real estate | 3% | 2% | 2% | |||
Other | 2% | 2% | 2% | |||
Total | 100% | 100% | 100% | |||
The allocation target for 2009 was based on the recommendations for allocation of assets made at the end of 2008 by Fundação CESP, in its Investment Policy. This target may change at any time during 2009, in the light of changes in the macro-economic situation or in the return on assets, among other factors.
Brazilian pension funds are subject to restrictions on investments in foreign assets. The major part of the resources of the Companys pension plans is invested in the fixed income segment and, within the segment, the greater part of the funds is invested in public federal bonds, indexed to the IGP, which is the index for adjusted of the actuarial liabilities of the Companys plans (defined benefit plans).
The pension plans are monitored by the Companys Pensions Management Committee, which includes representatives of active and retired employees, as well as members appointed by the Company. Among the duties of this Committee are the analysis and approval of investment recommendations made by the investment managers of the Fundação CESP.
The objective of the asset management performed by Fundação CESP is to maximize the return on investments, but always seeking to reduce to a minimum the risks of actuarial deficit. Therefore, investments are always made bearing in mind the liabilities that have to be honored. One of the main tools used by Fundação CESP to achieve its management objectives is ALM (Asset Liability Management Joint Management of Assets and Liabilities), performed at least once a year, for a horizon of more than 10 years. The ALM also assists in studying the liquidity of the pension plans, taking into consideration the benefit payment flow in relation to liquid assets.
In addition to controlling market risks by the unplanned divergence methodology, as required by law, the Fundação CESP uses the following tools to control market risks in the fixed income and variable income segments: VaR, Tracking Risk, Tracking Error and Stress Test.
The Fundação CESP Investment Policy imposes additional restrictions, which, together with those already laid down by law, define the percentages of diversification for investments in assets issued by or with joint liability with a single legal entity to be used internally. Set forth below are some additional restrictions in relation to the limitations on diversification of investments:
I. |
Investments in any bonds or marketable securities issued by a single legal entity financial institution or otherwise by the parent company, companies directly or indirectly controlled by the entity and associated or other companies
under control, may not jointly exceed 10% (ten percent) of the resources guaranteeing each Pension Plan, including not only those purchased on a permanent basis, but also those loaned and subject to purchase and sale agreements and those forming
part of the portfolios of funds in which the Pension Plans participate, through Fundação CESP, in proportion to their respective participations. |
II. |
In the case of investments in marketable securities issued by or with the joint responsibility of a financial or other institution authorized by the Brazilian Central Bank, and of savings deposits, the total issued, and the joint liability or
responsibility of a single institution may not exceed:
(i) 25% of the shareholders equity of the issuer, in the case of an institution classified as having a low credit risk and 15% of the Fixed Income segment, in the same case; (ii) 10% of the shareholders equity of the issuer, in the case
of an institution classified as having a medium or high credit risk and 10% of the Fixed Income segment, in the same case; |
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III. |
The total investments in shares of a single company may not exceed: (i) 20% of its voting capital; (ii) 20% of its total capital and (iii) 5% of the total resources guaranteeing each Pension Plan, with the option to increase this limit up to 10% in
the case of shares corresponding to 3% or more of IBOVESPA, IBX or FGV-100. |
As of December 31, 2008 the pension plan assets includes R$ 270,896 (R$ 181,954 as of December 31, 2007) of equity securities issued by the Company. |
Cash flows
Contributions
The Company expects to contribute R$ 41,690 to its pension plan in 2009.
Expected Benefits
Estimated future benefit payments are as follows:
2009 | 281,013 | |
2010 | 294,357 | |
2011 | 310,102 | |
2012 | 327,941 | |
2013 | 347,410 | |
2014 to 2018 | 2,051,037 |
b) Intangible assets
Following is a summary of the Companys intangible assets recorded under U.S. GAAP:
2008 | 2007 | |||
Intangible asset of concession | 5,679,070 | 5,677,996 | ||
Lease investment intangible | 488,677 | 488,677 | ||
Accumulated amortization as of December 31, 2008 | (1,896,018) | (1,659,330) | ||
Intangibles, net | 4,271,729 | 4,507,343 | ||
Weighted average remaining amortization period (years) | 19 | 20 | ||
Intangibles are amortized on a straight-line basis. Consequently, aggregate amortization for the next five years will amount to R$ 236,688 per year.
c) Segment Information
The Companys operating segments are organized internally primarily by legal entity, and in accordance with SFAS 131, Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information, the Company has aggregated similar operating segments into three reportable segments: Distribution, Generation and Commercialization. The distribution, generation and commercialization activities of the Company are described in Note 1.
The Company evaluates segment performance and allocates resources based on several factors, of which revenues and operating income are the primary financial measures. The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those described in the Note 2.
The Companys segment information in accordance with Brazilian Accounting Principles is presented in Note 28.
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d) Income Statement Classification Differences
Under Brazilian Accounting Principles, the Company has classified the amortization of the increase in pension liability that was recorded when the Company adopted CVM Resolution No. 371/00 as an extraordinary item. Under U.S. GAAP, this item is classified as an operating expense.
Before Law 11.638/07, under Brazilian Accounting Principles, the Company classified gains and losses on disposals of permanent assets (mainly property, plant and equipment), materials and, write off of feasibility studies as nonoperating income or expense. Law 11,638/07 and Provisional Measure nº 449/08 changed this concept and now, these items are classified similar to U.S. GAAP as an operating income or expense. According to Brazilian Accounting Principles, this reclassification was applied retrospectively to January 1, 2007.
The related amounts in 2006 are still classified under Brazilian Accounting Principles as non-operating income or expense. Therefore, an adjustment have been made in the reconciliation note to demonstrate the operating income under U.S. GAAP
e) Reconciliation of operating income and total assets
The reconciliation between the balances as per the Brazilian Accounting Principles and U.S. GAAP for operating income and total assets for the years presented is as follows:
Year ended December 31 | ||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
Operating income under Brazilian Accounting Principles | 2,336,020 | 2,847,256 | 2,271,717 | |||
Less: jointly-controlled subsidiaries proportionally consolidated | (191,348) | (150,245) | (158,510) | |||
Reconciliation of items recorded as non-operating under | ||||||
Brazilian Accounting Principles considered as operating under U.S. GAAP | ||||||
Reclassification of gains on equity interest | - | (3,313) | - | |||
Gain on disposal of permanent assets | - | - | 2,203 | |||
Materials and supplies overages and other | - | - | 1,955 | |||
Loss on disposal of permanent assets | - | - | (16,096) | |||
Write-off of feasiability studies | - | - | (754) | |||
Materials and supplies shrinkage and other | - | - | (3,908) | |||
Depreciation and disposal of interest costs capitalized | (7,323) | (7,569) | (4,267) | |||
Capitalization of administrative costs | (31,846) | (41,233) | (38,554) | |||
Depreciation and disposal of monetary restatement 1996 and 1997 | (240) | (238) | (234) | |||
Depreciation of special obligation | - | - | (33,596) | |||
Accounting for the effects of regulation: | ||||||
Provision for expenditure on research and development and energy efficiency programs | - | 48,517 | 10,071 | |||
Business combinations and goodwill: | ||||||
Basis differences: | ||||||
Depreciation of basis difference in property, plant and equipment | 5,090 | 539 | (48,225) | |||
Effect of disposal of property, plant and equipment | (12,118) | (13,081) | (14,063) | |||
Reversal of goodwill amortization under Brazilian Accounting Principles | 192,029 | 176,306 | 147,645 | |||
Amortization of intangible concession assets under U.S. GAAP | (218,072) | (209,761) | (261,445) | |||
Amortization of intangible lease agreement under U.S. GAAP | (18,616) | (18,616) | (18,616) | |||
Operating revenues | (44,004) | (41,839) | (25,034) | |||
Operating costs | 22,728 | 22,892 | 22,810 | |||
Pension and other benefits | 5,777 | 5,992 | 2,479 | |||
Deferred costs | 14,853 | 1,078 | 6,693 | |||
Other | (104) | 35 | - | |||
Operating income under U.S. GAAP | 2,052,826 | 2,616,720 | 1,842,271 | |||
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2008 | 2007 | |||
Total Assets under Brazilian Accounting Principles | 16,243,172 | 15,598,001 | ||
Less jointly-controlled subsidiaries proportionally consolidated assets in excess of the respective | ||||
investments by the equity method | (1,761,080) | (1,708,290) | ||
Escrow deposits, presented net against reserve for contingencies under Brazilian Accounting Principles | 149,998 | 158,876 | ||
Capitalization of interest costs | 173,342 | 151,898 | ||
Administrative costs capitalized under Brazilian Accounting Principles | (182,182) | (150,336) | ||
Monetary restatement of 1996 and 1997 | 5,465 | 5,705 | ||
Business combinations and goodwill: | ||||
Basis differences: | ||||
Tax benefit of merged goodwill, net of income tax effect | (749,723) | (815,814) | ||
Property, plant and equipment | 728,642 | 735,670 | ||
Reversal of intangible assets of concession recorded under Brazilian Accounting Principles | (2,386,482) | (2,578,512) | ||
Reversal of negative goodwill recorded under Brazilian Accounting Principles as "Other" | ||||
noncurrent asset | 12,828 | 12,828 | ||
Recognition of goodwill under U.S. GAAP | 7,777 | 7,777 | ||
Recognition of concession intangible under U.S. GAAP | 5,679,070 | 5,677,996 | ||
Recognition of lease investment intangible under U.S. GAAP | 488,677 | 488,677 | ||
Accumulated amortization | (1,896,018) | (1,659,330) | ||
Accounting for the leasing transactions: | ||||
Recognition of net investment in direct financing lease under U.S. GAAP | 488,369 | 534,312 | ||
Reversal of property, plant and equipment recorded under Brazilian Accounting Principles | (699,237) | (723,904) | ||
Prepaid pension cost | - | 30,433 | ||
Financial Instruments: | ||||
Adjustment of Financial Intruments recorded at fair value | - | (3,226) | ||
Receivables and costs related to guarantees granted to CERAN, ENERCAN and Foz do Chapecó | 45,860 | 42,000 | ||
U.S. GAAP adjustments on equity interest in jointly-controlled subsidiaries | (27,976) | (23,749) | ||
U.S. GAAP adjustments on investment at cost | (115,283) | (113,919) | ||
Deferred costs | (14,844) | (29,697) | ||
Other | - | (291) | ||
Deferred income tax effects | (78,190) | (104,721) | ||
Total Assets under U.S. GAAP | 16,112,185 | 15,532,384 | ||
The detailed description of the nature of each adjustment in the above reconciliation is included in the previous topics of this note.
f) Cash, cash equivalents and Statements of cash flows
Under Brazilian Accounting Principles, in 2008, CVM approved CPC 03 Statements of Cash Flows, which defined cash and cash equivalent as cash on hand, demand deposits and short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
Under U.S. GAAP, SFAS 95 Statements of Cash Flows (SFAS 95) has a similar definition for cash and cash equivalents. However, this pronouncement provides additional guidance including only due on demands with original maturity of three months or less, which is not consider under Brazilian Accounting Principles.
Therefore, as of December 31, 2008, under U.S. GAAP it is required a reclassification in the amount of R$ 194,714 (2007 R$ 178,411) from Cash and cash equivalent to Financial investments.
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It is presented below a Statement of Cash Flows prepared according to the criteria established by SFAS 95:
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
NET INCOME | 1,275,692 | 1,640,727 | 1,404,096 | |||
ADJUSTMENT TO RECONCILE NET INCOME TO CASH | ||||||
PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES | ||||||
Minority interest | 9,769 | 5,194 | 173 | |||
Monetary restatement of regulatory assets and liabilities | 87,542 | 20,504 | (269,027) | |||
Depreciation and amortization | 564,924 | 548,161 | 474,714 | |||
Reserve for contingencies | (16,884) | 12,062 | (86,117) | |||
Interest and monetary restatement and Unrealized (gains) | ||||||
loss on derivative contracts | 79,335 | 9,662 | (24,694) | |||
Post-retirement benefit obligation | (84,151) | (46,887) | 38,026 | |||
(Gain) loss on disposal of permanent assets and participation | ||||||
in subsidiaries | 30,400 | 24,288 | (35,969) | |||
Recognition of tax benefits | 5,219 | 47,048 | 82,610 | |||
Research and Development and Energy Efficiency Programs | - | (6,570) | 27,411 | |||
Other | 1,358 | 2,274 | (1,023) | |||
DECREASE (INCREASE) IN OPERATING ASSETS | ||||||
Financial investments | (16,303) | (88,525) | 260,575 | |||
Accounts receivable | (42,045) | 273,006 | 265,306 | |||
Recoverable taxes | 36,343 | 30,308 | 34,193 | |||
Deferred cost variations | (16,566) | 171,264 | 204,357 | |||
Escrow deposits | (50,525) | (400,547) | (38,171) | |||
Other | 63,204 | (37,268) | 29,089 | |||
INCREASE (DECREASE) IN OPERATING LIABILITIES | ||||||
Suppliers | 198,978 | 1,149 | (90,378) | |||
Taxes and payroll charges | (181,787) | 62,561 | 4,451 | |||
Deferred gain variations | (91,777) | 57,451 | 2,666 | |||
Post-retirement benefit obligation | (84,091) | (93,226) | (104,715) | |||
Interest on debts accrued | 48,581 | 28,734 | 33,725 | |||
Regulatory charges | 25,358 | (39,162) | 68,082 | |||
Other | 18,392 | 25,359 | 18,736 | |||
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES | 1,860,966 | 2,247,567 | 2,298,116 | |||
INVESTING ACTIVITIES | ||||||
Purchase of interest of subsidiaries, net of cash | - | (383,816) | (593,000) | |||
Capital decrease (increase) | (1,457) | - | - | |||
Additions to permanent assets | (1,098,081) | (1,132,757) | (797,235) | |||
Financial investments | (60,249) | (51,520) | (18,916) | |||
Proceeds from sales of financial investments | 134,290 | 33,549 | 27,847 | |||
Special obligations | 57,518 | 65,917 | 49,426 | |||
Additions to intangible assets / deferred charges | (79,823) | (8,536) | (12,733) | |||
Proceeds from sale of permanent assets | 28,325 | 24,091 | 94,308 | |||
Other | (4,935) | (28,378) | (81) | |||
NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES | (1,024,412) | (1,481,450) | (1,250,384) | |||
(Continues) |
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(Continued) | ||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||||
Loans and financing obtained | 2,171,535 | 2,551,090 | 2,124,163 | |||
Payments of loans and financing | (2,073,543) | (1,451,590) | (2,220,076) | |||
Advance energy sale agreements | 2,004 | - | - | |||
Dividends and interest on shareholders equity paid | (1,323,483) | (1,560,952) | (1,090,259) | |||
Intercompany loans to subsidiaries and associated | ||||||
companies | 2,169 | - | - | |||
Capital increase | - | 271 | - | |||
Advance for future capital increase | - | 82,597 | - | |||
Other | - | - | 24 | |||
NET CASH USED IN FINANCING ACTIVITIES | (1,221,318) | (378,584) | (1,186,148) | |||
INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS | (384,764) | 387,533 | (138,416) | |||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS BEGINNING OF YEAR | 927,897 | 540,364 | 678,780 | |||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS END OF YEAR | 543,133 | 927,897 | 540,364 | |||
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOWS DISCLOSURES: | ||||||
Taxes paid in cash for the year | 749,127 | 477,972 | 452,896 | |||
Interest paid in cash for the year | 544,381 | 331,252 | 490,965 | |||
TRANSACTIONS NOT AFFECTING CASH: | ||||||
Acquisition of minority shareholders with share issue | - | 6,385 | - | |||
Business acquisition: | ||||||
Assets acquired, including goodwill | - | 605,998 | 1,051,768 | |||
Liabilities assumed | - | (191,897) | (424,441) | |||
Purchase price paid | - | 414,101 | 627,327 | |||
Cash acquired | - | (30,285) | (34,327) | |||
Purchase price, net of cash acquired | - | 383,816 | 593,000 |
g) Accounting Developments
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS 141R, Business Combinations and SFAS 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements an amendment to ARB No. 51. These statements require most identifiable assets, liabilities, noncontrolling interests, and goodwill acquired in a business combination to be recorded at full fair value and require noncontrolling interests to be reported as a component of equity, which changes the accounting for transactions with noncontrolling interest holders. Both Statements are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and, once effective, it will be applied to all future business combinations.
In March 2008, FASB issued SFAS 161 Disclosure about derivative instruments and hedging activities. This statement amends and expands the disclosure requirements of Statement 133 Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, with the intent to provide users of financial statements with an enhanced understanding of (a) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments; (b) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under Statement 133 and its related interpretations (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entitys financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. To meet those objectives, SFAS 161 requires qualitative disclosures about objectives and strategies for using derivatives, quantitative disclosures about fair value amounts of and gains and losses on derivative instruments, and disclosures about credit-risk-related contingent features in derivative agreements.
This Statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. The company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting of this Statement.
In May 2008, FASB issued SFAS 162 The hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. This Statement applies to financial statements of nongovernmental entities and identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles to be used in the preparation of financial statements that are presented in conformity with USGAAP hierarchy.
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This Statement becomes effective 60 days following the SECs approval of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board amendments to AU Section 411, The Meaning of Present Fairly in Conformity With Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting of this Statement and does not expect it has a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.
In May 2008, FASB issued SFAS 163 Accounting for financial guarantee insurance contracts, an interpretation of FASB Statement no 60. This Statement, which is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2008, provides accounting guidance for financial guarantee insurance contracts issued by insurance enterprises and, consequently, has no impact on the Companys financial statements.
In May 2008, FASB published FASB Staff Position FAS 142-3 Determination of the useful life of intangible assets. Originally, SFAS 142 Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets states that the determination of the useful life shall include consideration of any legal, regulatory, or contractual provisions that enable renewal or extension of the asset's legal or contractual life without substantial cost. This FASB Staff Position amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS 142.
This pronouncement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this Statement.
In December 2008, FASB issued FASB Staff Position FAS 132(R)-1 Employers Disclosures about Postretirement Benefit Plan Assets, which provide guidance on disclosures regarding plan assets of a defined pension or other postretirement plan, such as how investment allocation decisions are made and certain aspects of its fair value measurements. The objective of this standard is to provide transparency related to the types of assets and the associated risks and events that could have a significant effect on the value of plan assets.
This pronouncement is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2009. The company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this Statement.
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V CONDENSED UNCONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF CPFL ENERGIA S.A.
The condensed unconsolidated financial information of CPFL Energia S.A., as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 and for each of the three years 2008, 2007 and 2006, under Brazilian Accounting Principles is as follows.
As informed in note 2.1, the financial statements presented for the year ended December 31, 2007 have been amended to include the retroactive adjustments due to changes of accounting principles, proposed by Law nº 11,638/07 and Provisional Measure nº 449/08. The financial statements presented for the year ended December 31, 2006 have not been amended and are presented as originally issued.
BALANCE SHEETS AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2008 AND 2007 (UNCONSOLIDATED)
(In thousands of Brazilian reais)
2008 | 2007 | |||
ASSETS | ||||
CURRENT ASSETS | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 7,555 | 5,744 | ||
Financial investments | 46,396 | 46,614 | ||
Recoverable taxes | 37,160 | 31,899 | ||
Deferred taxes | 14,311 | 10,107 | ||
Dividends receivable | 884,932 | 1,008,363 | ||
Other | 5,892 | 5,059 | ||
996,246 | 1,107,786 | |||
NONCURRENT ASSETS | ||||
Financial investments | 87,117 | 97,521 | ||
Recoverable taxes | 2,787 | 2,787 | ||
Deferred taxes | 111,544 | 79,606 | ||
Advance for future capital increase | 409,310 | 409,310 | ||
Other | 2,579 | 6,892 | ||
Investments | 4,573,627 | 4,729,021 | ||
Property, plant and equipment | 10 | 467 | ||
Intangible assets | 380 | 6,412 | ||
5,187,354 | 5,332,016 | |||
TOTAL ASSETS | 6,183,600 | 6,439,802 | ||
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BALANCE SHEETS AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2008 AND 2007 (UNCONSOLIDATED)
(In thousands of Brazilian reais)
2008 | 2007 | |||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY | ||||
CURRENT LIABILITIES | ||||
Suppliers | 1,810 | 14,029 | ||
Accrued interest on loans, financing and debentures | 20,047 | 15,983 | ||
Taxes and payroll charges payable | 63 | 273 | ||
Dividends and interest on shareholders equity | 622,869 | 730,634 | ||
Derivative | 365 | 35 | ||
Other | 1,967 | 1,310 | ||
647,121 | 762,264 | |||
NONCURRENT LIABILITIES | ||||
Reserve for contingencies | 66,876 | 43,691 | ||
Derivative | 961 | 51,689 | ||
Accrued interest on debts | - | 12,505 | ||
Loans and financing | - | 169,137 | ||
Debentures | 450,000 | 450,000 | ||
Other | 23 | - | ||
517,860 | 727,022 | |||
SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY | ||||
Common stock without par value (2008 and 2007 479,910,938 | ||||
issued and outstanding ) | 4,741,175 | 4,741,175 | ||
Capital reserves | 16 | 16 | ||
Profit reserves | 277,428 | 213,643 | ||
Accumulated deficit | - | (4,318) | ||
5,018,619 | 4,950,516 | |||
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY | 6,183,600 | 6,439,802 | ||
F - 102
STATEMENTS OF INCOME FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008, 2007 AND 2006 (UNCONSOLIDATED)
(In thousands of Brazilian reais)
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
OPERATING EXPENSES | ||||||
General and administrative expenses | (20,768) | (24,475) | (18,934) | |||
Other Operating Expense | (9,785) | (876) | - | |||
Amortization of intangible asset of concession | (129,208) | (111,798) | (86,438) | |||
(159,761) | (137,149) | (105,372) | ||||
EQUITY IN EARNINGS OF INVESTEES | 1,474,430 | 1,855,472 | 1,448,943 | |||
FINANCIAL EXPENSE | ||||||
Financial income | 29,221 | 21,070 | 86,136 | |||
Financial expense | (74,846) | (76,683) | (38,170) | |||
(45,625) | (55,613) | 47,966 | ||||
NONOPERATING INCOME (EXPENSES) | ||||||
Nonoperating income | - | - | 62,747 | |||
Nonoperating expense | - | - | (2,398) | |||
- | - | 60,349 | ||||
SOCIAL CONTRIBUTION AND INCOME TAX | ||||||
Social contribution tax | ||||||
Current tax | (5,514) | (5,998) | (12,837) | |||
Deferred tax | 8,180 | (1,202) | 4,297 | |||
Income tax | ||||||
Current tax | (23,980) | (24,805) | (43,902) | |||
Deferred tax | 27,962 | 10,022 | 4,652 | |||
6,648 | (21,983) | (47,790) | ||||
NET INCOME FOR THE YEAR | 1,275,692 | 1,640,727 | 1,404,096 | |||
F - 103
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN CASH FLOWS FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008 AND 2007 (UNCONSOLIDATED)
(In thousands of Brazilian reais)
2008 | 2007 | |||
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES | 1,460,279 | 1,482,949 | ||
INVESTING ACTIVITIES | ||||
Purchase of interest in subsidiaries | - | (2,582) | ||
Return of capital invested in subsidiary | 39,997 | 12,400 | ||
Increase in property, plant and equipment | - | (74) | ||
Financial investments | 38,099 | 31,045 | ||
Additions to intangible assets | (590) | (6,136) | ||
Sale of equity interest | - | 2,635 | ||
Advance for future capital increase | - | (409,368) | ||
Intercompany loans | 3,987 | - | ||
NET CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) INVESTING | ||||
ACTIVITIES | 81,493 | (372,080) | ||
FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||
Loans and financing obtained | 446,804 | 916,250 | ||
Payments of loans and financing | (675,321) | (473,250) | ||
Dividends paid | (1,315,355) | (1,557,428) | ||
Other | (1) | (5,031) | ||
NET CASH USED IN FINANCING ACTIVITIES | (1,543,873) | (1,119,459) | ||
INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH | ||||
EQUIVALENTS | (2,101) | (8,590) | ||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS BEGINNING OF | ||||
YEAR | 17,803 | 26,393 | ||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS END OF YEAR | 15,702 | 17,803 | ||
Following is information relating to CPFL Energias unconsolidated condensed financial statements presented above:
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||
Equity | Goodwill | Total | Equity | Goodwill | Total | |||||||
CPFL Paulista | 497,388 | 1,023,182 | 1,520,570 | 495,511 | 1,110,960 | 1,606,471 | ||||||
CPFL Piratininga | 230,538 | 125,315 | 355,853 | 230,538 | 135,683 | 366,221 | ||||||
RGE | 1,097,274 | 284,195 | 1,381,469 | 1,097,292 | 302,560 | 1,399,852 | ||||||
CPFL Santa Cruz | 80,129 | 49,641 | 129,770 | 120,124 | 58,970 | 179,094 | ||||||
CPFL Geração | 1,140,074 | 43,150 | 1,183,224 | 1,127,240 | 46,519 | 1,173,759 | ||||||
CPFL Brasil | 3,598 | 26 | 3,624 | 3,598 | 26 | 3,624 | ||||||
CPFL Atende | (883) | - | (883) | - | - | - | ||||||
3,048,118 | 1,525,509 | 4,573,627 | 3,074,303 | 1,654,718 | 4,729,021 |
F - 104
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
CPFL Paulista | 716,196 | 741,408 | 665,733 | |||
CPFL Piratininga | 250,423 | 361,964 | 104,850 | |||
RGE | 187,564 | - | - | |||
CPFL Serra . | - | 110,467 | - | |||
CPFL Cone Sul | - | 1,297 | - | |||
CPFL Geração | 137,228 | 153,822 | 167,032 | |||
CPFL Brasil | 181,665 | 206,913 | 184,748 | |||
Perácio | 38,258 | - | - | |||
CPFL Santa Cruz | 43,309 | 12,183 | - | |||
1,554,643 | 1,588,054 | 1,122,363 | ||||
CPFL Paulista | 497,388 | |
CPFL Piratininga | 230,538 | |
RGE | 1,097,274 | |
CPFL Santa Cruz | 80,129 | |
ENERCAN | 277,381 | |
CERAN | 307,867 | |
BAESA | 138,530 | |
Foz do Chapecó | 207,210 | |
CPFL Sul Centrais Elétricas | 3,730 | |
CPFL Geração | 1,140,074 | |
CPFL Leste Paulista | 59,527 | |
CPFL Jaguari | 31,432 | |
CPFL Sul Paulista | 41,620 | |
CPFL Mococa | 23,358 | |
4,136,058 | ||
This regulatory restriction does not apply to cash dividends determined in accordance with the Brazilian corporate law. However, as described in Notes 16 and 17, CPFL Paulista, CPFL Piratininga, RGE, ENERCAN, CERAN and BAESA may have restrictions relating to the payment of dividends.
PricewaterhouseCoopers | |
Rua Mostardeiro, 800 8° e 9° | |
90430-000 Porto Alegre, RS - | |
Brasil Caixa Postal 2178 | |
Telefone (51) 3378-1700 | |
Fax (51) 3328-1609 | |
www.pwc.com/br |
Report of Independent Registered
Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders
Rio Grande Energia S.A.
1. We have audited the accompanying statements of income, of changes in stockholders' equity and of changes in financial position of Rio Grande Energia S.A. (the "Company") for the year ended December 31, 2006. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
2. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
3. In our opinion the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the results of operations of Rio Grande Energia S.A., the changes in stockholders' equity and the changes in their financial position for the year ended December 31, 2006 in accordance with accounting practices adopted in Brazil.
Porto Alegre, April 2, 2007
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers
PricewaterhouseCoopers
Auditores Independentes