micorp10q_03-2011.htm
 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
Form 10-Q
 
          (Mark One)
[X]
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2011
 
OR
[  ]
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period from __________ to __________
 
Commission file number  1-33488
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Wisconsin
20-8995389
(State or other jurisdiction of
(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)
Identification No.)
 
770 North Water Street
 
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
53202
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
 
Registrant's telephone number, including area code:  (414) 765-7801
 
None
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.      Yes   [X]       No   [  ]
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its Corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).      Yes   [X]       No   [  ]
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer   [X]      Accelerated filer    [  ]   Non-accelerated filer   [  ] (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)     Small reporting company [  ]
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).     Yes   [  ]       No   [X]
 
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock as of the latest practicable date.
Class
Outstanding at April 30, 2011
Common Stock, $1.00 Par Value
530,601,411
   
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2011

TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Page
   
   
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
 
   
   
   

 
 
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)
($000’s except share data)


   
March 31,
   
December 31,
   
March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2010
 
Assets:
                 
Cash and cash equivalents:
                 
Cash and due from banks
  $ 517,915     $ 510,961     $ 588,687  
Federal funds sold and security resale agreements
    6,049       25,039       27,057  
Money market funds
    54,386       64,966       55,434  
Total cash and cash equivalents
    578,350       600,966       671,178  
Interest bearing deposits at other banks
    3,269,678       2,374,010       1,939,006  
Trading assets, at fair value
    222,908       258,066       254,549  
Investment securities:
                       
Available for sale, at fair value
    6,279,366       6,504,607       7,108,564  
Federal Reserve Bank stock and FHLB stock, at cost
    373,101       380,097       411,901  
Held to maturity, fair value $71,386 ($74,555 at December 31, 2010 and $107,319 at March 31, 2010)
    68,819       71,918       104,245  
Loans held for sale
    139,564       138,213       174,103  
Loans and leases
    35,040,537       36,861,144       42,474,704  
Allowance for loan and lease losses
    (1,374,077 )     (1,387,575 )     (1,515,154 )
Net loans and leases
    33,666,460       35,473,569       40,959,550  
Premises and equipment, net
    519,825       527,962       557,650  
Goodwill
    609,517       609,517       609,517  
Other intangible assets
    110,424       114,813       129,064  
Bank-owned life insurance
    1,243,864       1,234,384       1,200,130  
Other real estate owned (OREO)
    340,842       339,462       454,317  
Accrued interest and other assets
    2,218,228       2,204,367       1,995,595  
Total Assets
  $ 49,640,946     $ 50,831,951     $ 56,569,369  
                         
Liabilities and Equity:
                       
Deposits:
                       
Noninterest bearing
  $ 8,305,990     $ 8,078,733     $ 7,787,831  
Interest bearing
    29,097,465       30,179,899       34,194,419  
Total deposits
    37,403,455       38,258,632       41,982,250  
Federal funds purchased and security repurchase agreements
    195,977       211,823       829,665  
Other short-term borrowings
    3,753       16,015       64,348  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    836,564       977,821       957,329  
Long-term borrowings
    4,966,723       5,028,787       5,865,381  
Total Liabilities
    43,406,472       44,493,078       49,698,973  
                         
Equity:
                       
Preferred stock, $1.00 par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized; 1,715,000 shares issued and outstanding of Senior Preferred Stock, Series B (liquidation preference of $1,000 per share)
    1,715       1,715       1,715  
Common stock, $1.00 par value; 530,726,042 shares issued (530,164,081 shares at December 31, 2010 and 530,164,081 shares at March 31, 2010)
    530,726       530,164       530,164  
Additional paid-in capital
    4,926,497       4,947,943       4,959,570  
Retained earnings
    880,754       1,028,051       1,520,214  
Treasury stock, at cost:  203,635 shares (1,487,080 shares at December 31, 2010 and 3,029,908 shares at March 31, 2010)
    (2,974 )     (34,496 )     (81,122 )
Deferred compensation
    (35,466 )     (38,629 )     (37,751 )
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of related taxes
    (77,860 )     (106,813 )     (33,730 )
Total Marshall & Ilsley Corporation shareholders' equity
    6,223,392       6,327,935       6,859,060  
Noncontrolling interest in subsidiaries
    11,082       10,938       11,336  
Total Equity
    6,234,474       6,338,873       6,870,396  
Total Liabilities and Equity
  $ 49,640,946     $ 50,831,951     $ 56,569,369  
                         
See notes to financial statements.
                       
 
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Unaudited)
($000’s except per share data)


   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Interest and fee income
           
Loans and leases
  $ 424,034     $ 509,573  
Investment securities:
               
Taxable
    36,067       49,370  
Exempt from federal income taxes
    8,245       9,386  
Trading securities
    168       183  
Short-term investments
    1,719       1,086  
Total interest and fee income
    470,233       569,598  
Interest expense
               
Deposits
    76,614       112,564  
Short-term borrowings
    146       677  
Long-term borrowings
    46,739       52,892  
Total interest expense
    123,499       166,133  
Net interest income
    346,734       403,465  
Provision for loan and lease losses
    418,803       458,112  
Net interest income (loss) after provision for loan and lease losses
    (72,069 )     (54,647 )
Other income
               
Wealth management
    74,260       68,092  
Service charges on deposits
    32,920       32,099  
Gain on sale of mortgage loans
    7,087       5,660  
Other mortgage banking revenue
    540       692  
Net investment securities gains
    7,212       102  
Bank-owned life insurance revenue
    11,180       10,794  
Gain on termination of debt
    -       10,296  
Sale of merchant portfolio processing
    -       48,272  
Other
    53,257       45,653  
Total other income
    186,456       221,660  
Other expense
               
Salaries and employee benefits
    155,491       161,598  
Net occupancy and equipment
    34,090       34,102  
Software expenses
    8,907       7,902  
Processing charges
    30,638       32,082  
Supplies, printing, postage and delivery
    7,653       8,154  
FDIC insurance
    22,523       27,254  
Professional services
    22,290       20,790  
Amortization of intangibles
    4,390       5,140  
Net OREO expenses
    15,757       31,600  
Loss on brokered CDs
    -       5,792  
Loss on termination of debt
    795       -  
Other
    23,144       31,173  
Total other expense
    325,678       365,587  
Income (loss) before income taxes
    (211,291 )     (198,574 )
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
    (95,028 )     (83,605 )
Net income (loss) including noncontrolling interests
    (116,263 )     (114,969 )
Less:  Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
    (331 )     (389 )
Net loss attributable to Marshall & Ilsley Corporation
    (116,594 )     (115,358 )
Preferred dividends
    (25,415 )     (25,180 )
Net loss attributable to Marshall & Ilsley Corporation common shareholders
  $ (142,009 )   $ (140,538 )
Per share attributable to Marshall & Ilsley Corporation common shareholders
               
Basic
  $ (0.27 )   $ (0.27 )
Diluted
  $ (0.27 )   $ (0.27 )
Dividends paid per common share
  $ 0.01     $ 0.01  
Weighted average common shares outstanding (000's):
               
Basic
    526,020       524,086  
Diluted
    526,020       524,086  
                 
See notes to financial statements.
               
 
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
($000’s)


   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
  $ 257,821     $ 379,613  
                 
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
               
Net increase in short-term investments
    (895,669 )     (810,213 )
Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale
    2,816       8  
Proceeds from redemptions of Federal Reserve Bank stock and FHLB stock
    7,006       1  
Proceeds from maturities of securities available for sale
    276,467       346,053  
Proceeds from maturities of securities held to maturity
    5,180       14,009  
Purchases of securities available for sale
    (17,782 )     (754,518 )
Purchases of Federal Reserve Bank stock and FHLB stock
    (10 )     (16,621 )
Purchases of securities held to maturity
    (1,900 )     -  
Net decrease in loans and leases
    1,221,115       961,738  
Purchases of premises and equipment, net
    (3,905 )     (5,474 )
Proceeds from sale of merchant portfolio processing
    -       48,272  
Net proceeds from sale of OREO
    92,958       106,641  
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
    686,276       (110,104 )
                 
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
               
Net (decrease) increase in deposits
    (855,738 )     413,879  
Net decrease in short-term borrowings
    (28,089 )     (226,027 )
Payments of long-term borrowings
    (56,559 )     (593,557 )
Dividends paid on preferred stock
    (21,438 )     (21,437 )
Dividends paid on common stock
    (5,288 )     (5,269 )
Proceeds from the issuance of common stock
    261       1,542  
Other
    138       55  
Net cash used in financing activities
    (966,713 )     (430,814 )
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
    (22,616 )     (161,305 )
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
    600,966       832,483  
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
  $ 578,350     $ 671,178  
                 
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
               
Cash paid / (received) during the period for:
               
Interest
  $ 131,236     $ 196,936  
Income taxes
    510       (136,313 )
                 
See notes to financial statements.
               
                 

 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)

1.  
Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with Marshall & Ilsley Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.  In management’s opinion, the unaudited financial information included in this report reflects all adjustments consisting of normal recurring accruals which are necessary for a fair statement of the financial position and results of operations as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010.  The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the entire year.

Prior to June 30, 2010, the Corporation had presented investments in Federal Reserve Bank stock and FHLB stock within Investment Securities Available for Sale on the consolidated balance sheet.  During 2010, the Corporation determined that investments in Federal Reserve Bank stock and FHLB stock should be separately presented on the consolidated balance sheet.  As a result, the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2010 and the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2010 have been restated to present investments in Federal Reserve Bank stock and FHLB stock separately from Investment Securities Available for Sale.

Prior to June 30, 2010, the Corporation had presented gains on sale of other real estate owned (“OREO”) within Other income as OREO income.  During 2010, the Corporation determined that gains on sale of OREO should be presented net along with OREO expenses in the consolidated statements of income.  As a result, the accompanying consolidated statement of income for the three months ended March 31, 2010 and related disclosures have been restated to present gains on sale of OREO along with OREO expenses in Net OREO expenses.


2.  
New Accounting Pronouncements

In April 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued new guidance to clarify the accounting principles applied to loan modifications.  The additional guidance clarifies when the restructuring of a receivable should be considered a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”), which the Corporation refers to as “Renegotiated Loans,” and ends the deferral of activity-based disclosures about TDRs that are part of the new credit quality disclosure requirements.  The clarifications regarding which modifications constitute a TDR are effective for periods beginning on or after June 15, 2011, and are to be applied retroactively to the beginning of the annual period of adoption and the additional disclosures are effective for the Corporation as of September 30, 2011. The Corporation is continuing to evaluate the impact of the adoption of this new accounting guidance.


3.  
Fair Value Measurements

The Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures Topic of the Codification generally applies whenever other topics require or permit assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value.  Under the topic, fair value refers to the price at the measurement date that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants in which the reporting entity is engaged.  The topic does not expand the use of fair value in any new circumstances.
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
Fair-Value Hierarchy

The Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures Topic of the Codification establishes a three-tier hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the transparency of the inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability and expands the disclosures about instruments measured at fair value.  A financial instrument is categorized in its entirety and its categorization within the hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.  The three levels are described below.

Level 1- Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2- Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.  Fair values for these instruments are estimated using pricing models, quoted prices of financial assets or liabilities with similar characteristics or discounted cash flows.

Level 3- Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.  Fair values are initially valued based upon a transaction price and are adjusted to reflect exit values as evidenced by financing and sale transactions with third parties.

Determination of Fair Value

The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy.

Trading Assets and Investment Securities

When available, the Corporation uses quoted market prices to determine the fair value of trading assets and investment securities; such items are classified in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.

For the Corporation’s investments in government agencies, residential mortgage-backed securities and obligations of states and political subdivisions where quoted prices are not available for identical securities in an active market, the Corporation determines fair value utilizing vendors who apply matrix pricing for similar bonds where no price is observable or may compile prices from various sources.  These models are primarily industry-standard models that consider various assumptions, including time value, yield curve, volatility factors, prepayment speeds, default rates, loss severity, current market and contractual prices for the underlying financial instruments, as well as other relevant economic measures.  Substantially all of these assumptions are observable in the marketplace, can be derived from observable data or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace.  Fair values from these models are verified, where possible, against quoted prices for recent trading activity of assets with similar characteristics to the security being valued.  Such methods are generally classified as Level 2.  However, when prices from independent sources vary, cannot be obtained or cannot be corroborated, a security is generally classified as Level 3.

The Corporation’s Private Equity investments generally take the form of investments in private equity funds.  The private equity investments are valued using the Corporation’s ownership interest in partners’ capital to which a proportionate share of net assets is attributed via the valuations provided by the general partners on a quarterly basis.  These nonpublic investments are included in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy because the fair value is not readily determinable and the redemption of the investments will occur via distribution though sale of the underlying investments of the private equity fund.  The length of investment in private equity funds is generally ten years and the majority of the private equity distributions are expected to occur in the next five to ten years.  At March 31, 2011, unfunded private equity commitments were $52.3 million.
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
Derivative Financial Instruments
 
Fair values for exchange-traded contracts are based on quoted prices and are classified as Level 1.  The fair value of over-the-counter interest rate contracts are measured using discounted cash flow analysis that incorporates significant inputs, including LIBOR curve, derivative counterparty spreads and measurements of volatility.  Interest rate contracts that are valued using discounted cash flow analysis through use of models, and other observable inputs are considered Level 2, observable market inputs.

Certain derivative transactions are executed with counterparties who are large financial institutions (“dealers”).  These derivative transactions primarily consist of interest rate swaps that are used for fair value hedges, cash flow hedges and economic hedges of interest rate swaps executed with the Corporation’s customers.  The Corporation and its subsidiaries maintain risk management policies and procedures to monitor and limit exposure to credit risk.  Approved dealers for these transactions must have and maintain an investment grade rating on long-term senior debt from at least two nationally recognized statistical rating organizations or have a guarantor with an acceptable rating from such organizations.  International Swaps and Derivative Association Master Agreements (“ISDA”) and Credit Support Annexes (“CSA”) are employed for all contracts with dealers.  These agreements contain bilateral collateral arrangements.  Notwithstanding its policies and procedures, the Corporation recognizes that unprecedented events could result in counterparty failure.  The Corporation also recognizes that there could be additional credit exposure due to certain industry conventions established for operational efficiencies.

On a quarterly basis, the Corporation performs an analysis using historical and market implied default and recovery rates that also consider certain industry conventions established for operational efficiencies to estimate the potential impact on the reported fair values of these derivative financial assets and liabilities due to counterparty credit risk and the Corporation’s own credit risk.  Based on this analysis, the Corporation determined that the impact of these factors was insignificant and did not make any additional credit risk adjustments for purposes of determining the reported fair values of these derivative assets and liabilities with dealers at March 31, 2011.
 
Certain derivative transactions are executed with customers whose counterparty credit risk is similar in nature to the credit risk associated with the Corporation’s lending activities.  As is the case with a loan, the Corporation evaluates the credit risk of each of these customers on an individual basis and where, deemed appropriate, collateral is obtained.  The type of collateral varies and is often the same collateral as the collateral obtained to secure a customer’s loan.  To assess the potential impact of counterparty credit risk on the fair values of derivative assets with customers, the Corporation incorporates a probability analysis to estimate the amount of expected loss of customer derivative contracts outstanding at March 31, 2011.  While not significant, the Corporation did factor in the estimated amount of expected loss due to customer default in the reported fair value of its customer derivative assets at March 31, 2011.

Loans Held for Sale

Beginning in the second quarter of 2010, the Corporation elected to account for certain residential mortgage loans held for sale into the secondary market at fair value.  The fair value of those mortgage loans held for sale was determined using current secondary market prices for loans with similar interest rates, maturities and credit quality and are classified as Level 2.
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are categorized in the tables below based upon the lowest level of significant input to the valuations ($000’s):


March 31, 2011
 
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or Liabilities (Level 1)
   
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
   
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
 
Assets (1)
                 
Trading Assets:
                 
Trading securities
  $ -     $ 17,082     $ -  
Derivative assets
    -       205,826       -  
Total trading assets
  $ -     $ 222,908     $ -  
Investment securities available for sale (2)
                       
U.S. treasury
  $ -     $ 2,118     $ -  
U.S. government agencies
    -       5,205,002       -  
States and political subdivisions
    -       750,865       25,815  
Residential mortgage backed securities
    -       154       -  
Asset backed securities
    -       577       156,611  
Equity
    1       -       -  
Private equity investments
    -       -       73,520  
Total investment securities available for sale
  $ 1     $ 5,958,716     $ 255,946  
                         
Loans held for sale
  $ -     $ 301     $ -  
                         
Loans and leases
                       
Residential mortgage loans
  $ -     $ 411     $ -  
Accrued interest and other assets:
                       
Financial guarantees - credit protection purchased
  $ -     $ 5     $ -  
Liabilities (1)
                       
Other short-term borrowings
  $ -     $ 3,058     $ -  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities:
                       
Derivative liabilities
  $ -     $ 180,397     $ 6,132  
Financial guarantees - credit protection sold
    -       7       -  
Total accrued expenses and other liabilities
  $ -     $ 183,462     $ 6,132  

 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)

 
December 31, 2010
 
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or Liabilities (Level 1)
   
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
   
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
 
Assets (1)
                 
Trading Assets:
                 
Trading securities
  $ -     $ 17,313     $ -  
Derivative assets
    -       240,753       -  
Total trading assets
  $ -     $ 258,066     $ -  
                         
Investment securities available for sale (2)
                       
U.S. treasury
  $ -     $ 2,122     $ -  
U.S. government agencies
    -       5,444,275       -  
States and political subdivisions
    -       747,724       38,117  
Residential mortgage backed securities
    -       165       -  
Asset backed securities
    -       45,220       86,481  
Private equity investments
    -       -       78,663  
Total investment securities available for sale
  $ -     $ 6,239,506     $ 203,261  
                         
Loans held for sale
  $ -     $ 27,532     $ -  
                         
Loans and leases
                       
Residential mortgage loans
  $ -     $ 413     $ -  
                         
Accrued interest and other assets:
                       
Financial guarantees - credit protection purchased
  $ -     $ 2     $ -  
                         
Liabilities (1)
                       
Other short-term borrowings
  $ -     $ 5,005     $ -  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities:
                       
Derivative liabilities
  $ -     $ 212,060     $ 6,132  
Financial guarantees - credit protection sold
    -       714       -  
Total accrued expenses and other liabilities
  $ -     $ 212,774     $ 6,132  

 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)

 
March 31, 2010
 
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or Liabilities (Level 1)
   
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
   
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
 
Assets (1)
                 
Trading Assets:
                 
Trading securities
  $ -     $ 21,859     $ -  
Derivative assets
    -       232,690       -  
Total trading assets
  $ -     $ 254,549     $ -  
                         
Investment securities available for sale (2)
                       
U.S. treasury
  $ -     $ 7,367     $ -  
U.S. government agencies
    -       5,801,642       -  
States and political subdivisions
    -       769,010       40,683  
Residential mortgage backed securities
    -       203,167       -  
Corporate notes
    -       -       -  
Asset backed securities
    -       63,052       88,551  
Foreign
    -       -       43  
Private equity investments
    -       -       70,686  
Total investment securities available for sale
  $ -     $ 6,844,238     $ 199,963  
                         
Accrued interest and other assets:
                       
Financial guarantees - credit protection purchased
  $ -     $ 8     $ -  
                         
Liabilities (1)
                       
Other short-term borrowings
  $ -     $ 7,261     $ -  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities:
                       
Derivative liabilities
  $ -     $ 203,307     $ 11,600  
Financial guarantees - credit protection sold
    -       271       -  
Total accrued expenses and other liabilities
  $ -     $ 203,578     $ 11,600  
 

(1)  
The amounts presented above exclude certain over-the-counter interest rate swaps that are the designated hedging instruments in fair value and cash flow hedges that are used by the Corporation to manage its interest rate risk.  These interest rate swaps are measured at fair value on a recurring basis based on significant other observable inputs and are categorized as Level 2.  See Note 11 – Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities in Notes to Financial Statements for further information.  Level 3 derivative liabilities represent the fair value of a derivative financial instrument entered into in conjunction with the sale of the Corporation’s shares of Visa, Inc. (“Visa”) Class B common stock.  See Note 11 – Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities for additional information regarding Visa.

(2)  
The amounts presented are exclusive of $64,703, $61,840 and $64,363 in affordable housing partnerships at March 31, 2011, December 31, 2010, and March 31, 2010, respectively, which are generally carried on the equity method.

 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
Level 3 Gains and Losses

The table presented below summarizes the change in balance sheet carrying values associated with financial instruments measured using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the three months ended March 31, 2011 ($000’s):

   
Investment
Securities (1)
   
Private Equity
Investments (2)
   
Total
   
Derivative
Liabilities
 
Balance at December 31, 2010
  $ 124,598     $ 78,663     $ 203,261     $ 6,132  
Purchases
    -       3,144       3,144       -  
Sales
    -       -       -       -  
Maturities
    (75 )     (16,065 )     (16,140 )     -  
Accretion/amortization
    31       -       31       -  
Transfers into level 3
    53,506       -       53,506       -  
Transfers out of level 3
    (12,134 )     -       (12,134 )     -  
Total gains or losses (realized or unrealized):
                               
Included in earnings
    -       7,778       7,778       -  
Included in other comprehensive income
    16,500       -       16,500       -  
Balance at March 31, 2011
  $ 182,426     $ 73,520     $ 255,946     $ 6,132  
                                 
Unrealized gains or (losses) for the period included in earnings attributable to unrealized gains or losses for financial instruments still held at March 31, 2011
  $ -     $ 7,778     $ 7,778     $ -  

(1)  
Unrealized changes in fair value for available-for-sale investments (debt securities) are recorded in other comprehensive income, while gains and losses from sales are recorded in Net investment securities gains in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

(2)  
Private equity investments are generally recorded at fair value.  Accordingly, both unrealized changes in fair value and gains or losses from sales are included in Net investment securities gains in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

This increase in Level 3 investment securities at March 31, 2011, was primarily due to transfers of investments from Level 2.  The Corporation could not obtain a sufficient number of observable inputs in the form of market or broker quotes to substantiate a Level 2 classification for those investments.

Transfers to and from Level 3 were recognized at the end of each interim reporting period.
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
Level 3 Gains and Losses

The table presented below summarizes the change in balance sheet carrying values associated with financial instruments measured using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the three months ended March 31, 2010 ($000’s):

   
Investment
Securities (1)
   
Private Equity
Investments (2)
   
Total
   
Derivative
Liabilities
 
Balance at December 31, 2009
  $ 271,196     $ 68,482     $ 339,678     $ 11,600  
Net payments, purchases and sales
    (370 )     1,402       1,032       -  
Discount accretion
    (8 )     -       (8 )     -  
Transfers out of Level 3
    (140,483 )     -       (140,483 )     -  
Total gains or losses (realized or unrealized):
                               
Included in earnings
    -       802       802       -  
Included in other comprehensive income
    (1,058 )     -       (1,058 )     -  
Balance at March 31, 2010
  $ 129,277     $ 70,686     $ 199,963     $ 11,600  
                                 
Unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings attributable to unrealized gains or losses for financial instruments still held at  March 31, 2010.
  $ -     $ 802     $ 802     $ -  

(1)  
Unrealized changes in fair value for available-for-sale investments (debt securities) are recorded in other comprehensive income, while gains and losses from sales are recorded in Net investment securities gains in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

(2)  
Private equity investments are generally recorded at fair value.  Accordingly, both unrealized changes in fair value and gains or losses from sales are included in Net investment securities gains in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

The Corporation transferred securities, which mainly consisted of $62,140 of senior tranche asset backed securities and $66,692 of Government National Mortgage Association securities, from Level 3 to Level 2 as significant inputs to the pricing model used to value these securities became observable in the marketplace, could be derived from observable data or the values could be supported by observable levels at which transactions were executed in the marketplace.

Transfers to and from Level 3 were recognized at the end of each interim reporting period.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

Certain assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.  These assets are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis; however, they are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances, such as when there is evidence of impairment or a change in the amount of a previously recognized impairment.
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
The table presented below summarizes the adjusted carrying values and level of fair value hierarchy for assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis ($000’s):
 
   
March 31, 2011
   
March 31, 2010
 
                                                 
   
Quoted Prices in
   
Significant
               
Quoted Prices in
   
Significant
             
   
Active Markets
   
Other
   
Significant
         
Active Markets
   
Other
   
Significant
       
   
for Identical
   
Observable
   
Unobservable
         
for Identical
   
Observable
   
Unobservable
       
   
Assets
   
Inputs
   
Inputs
         
Assets
   
Inputs
   
Inputs
       
   
(Level 1)
   
(Level 2)
   
(Level 3)
   
Total
   
(Level 1)
   
(Level 2)
   
(Level 3)
   
Total
 
Loans held for sale
  $ -     $ 705     $ -     $ 705     $ -     $ 6,618     $ -     $ 6,618  
Impaired loans
    -       -       528,642       528,642       -       -       658,275       658,275  
Other real estate owned
    -       -       68,401       68,401       -       -       76,360       76,360  
Total
  $ -     $ 705     $ 597,043     $ 597,748     $ -     $ 6,618     $ 734,635     $ 741,253  
 
Net (gains) losses related to nonrecurring fair value measurements of certain assets consisted of the following ($000’s):
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Loans held for sale
  $ (697 )   $ 7,236  
Impaired loans
    235,997       210,919  
Other real estate owned
    4,289       18,975  
Total
  $ 239,589     $ 237,130  
 
Net (gains) losses on loans held for sale represent adjustments during the period presented to record the loans at the lower of cost or fair value subsequent to their initial classification as loans held for sale.  Such fair values are generally based on bids and are considered Level 2 fair values.
 
When impairment was measured based on the fair value of the collateral less estimated selling costs or the fair value of the loan, the loan is considered to be measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. The Corporation generally obtains appraisals to support the fair value of collateral underlying loans. Appraisals incorporate measures such as recent sales prices for comparable properties and costs of construction. The Corporation considers these fair values Level 3.

Losses on impaired loans represent net write-downs during the periods presented on impaired loans that were individually evaluated for impairment based on the estimated fair value of the collateral less estimated selling costs, excluding impaired loans fully charged off.

OREO is recorded at fair value based on property appraisals, less estimated selling costs, at the date of transfer. Subsequent to transfer, OREO is carried at the lower of cost or fair value, less estimated selling costs.  The carrying value of OREO is subject to fair value adjustments when the carrying value exceeds the fair value, less estimated selling costs.

Losses on OREO represent the net write-downs during the periods presented where the carrying value of the foreclosed real estate exceeded the current fair value less estimated selling costs of the foreclosed real estate subsequent to their initial classification as foreclosed assets.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Book values and estimated fair values for on and off-balance sheet financial instruments are presented in the following table.  Derivative financial instruments designated as hedging instruments are included in the book values and fair values presented for the related hedged items.  Derivative financial instruments designated as trading and other free standing derivatives are included in Trading assets.
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
Balance Sheet Financial Instruments ($ in millions)


   
March 31, 2011
   
March 31, 2010
 
   
Book Value
   
Fair Value
   
Book Value
   
Fair Value
 
             
Financial assets:
                       
Cash and short term investments
  $ 3,848.0     $ 3,848.0     $ 2,610.2     $ 2,610.2  
Trading assets
    222.9       222.9       254.5       254.5  
Investment securities available for sale
    6,279.4       6,279.4       7,108.6       7,108.6  
Federal Reserve Bank stock and FHLB stock, at cost
    373.1       373.1       411.9       411.9  
Investment securities held to maturity
    68.8       71.4       104.2       107.3  
Net loans and leases
    33,806.0       30,310.3       41,133.7       36,511.1  
Interest receivable
    129.4       129.4       164.3       164.3  
Financial guarantees - credit protection purchased
    -       -       -       -  
                                 
Financial liabilities:
                               
Deposits
  $ 37,403.5     $ 37,593.9     $ 41,982.3     $ 42,325.5  
Short-term borrowings
    199.7       199.7       894.0       894.0  
Long-term borrowings
    4,966.7       4,962.7       5,865.4       5,745.8  
Derivative liabilities
    186.5       186.5       215.2       215.2  
Interest payable
    102.6       102.6       126.8       126.8  
Financial guarantees - credit protection sold
    -       -       0.3       0.3  


Quoted market prices are utilized by the Corporation for determining fair value, where readily available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques.  These techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows.  The calculated fair value estimates, therefore, cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets and, in many cases, could not be realized upon immediate settlement of the instrument.  The current reporting requirements exclude certain financial instruments and all nonfinancial assets and liabilities from its disclosure requirements.  Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented do not represent the underlying value of the entire Corporation.

The following methods and assumptions are used in estimating the fair value for financial instruments.

Cash and short-term investments
The carrying amounts reported for cash and short-term investments approximate the fair values for those assets.

Trading assets and investment securities
Fair value is based on market prices where available.  The fair value of trading assets and investment securities are categorized as Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3, based on the inputs to the valuations.
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
Net loans and leases
The fair value of loans and leases was derived from discounted cash flow analyses.  Loans and leases as of  March 31, 2011 were grouped into 1,744 pools based on similar characteristics such as maturity, payment type and payment frequency, rate type and underlying index, recent loan-to-value (LTV) measures and various types of credit indicators such as recent FICO scores and the Corporation’s internal loan rating system.  Credit spreads were derived from observable information wherever possible.  In cases where observable information was not available because of inactive markets or the change in the loan characteristics such as declining collateral values, certain adjustments were made in management’s judgment to estimate credit spreads consistent with the manner the Corporation believes market participants would assess the fair value of the loan pool.  The Corporation has estimated that increasing or decreasing the credit spreads by the equivalent of a one credit rating adjustment could affect the aggregate fair value of the loans and leases by approximately $0.5 billion or 1.5% of the net carrying value of total loans and leases at March 31, 2011.  The fair value of loans held for sale is based on the expected sales price.  At March 31, 2011, the fair value of net loans and leases is considered Level 2 and Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

Deposits
The fair value for demand deposits or any interest bearing deposits with no fixed maturity date is considered to approximate carrying value.  Time deposits with defined maturity dates are considered to have a fair value which approximates the book value if the maturity date was within three months of the measurement date.  The remaining time deposits are assigned fair values based on a discounted cash flow analysis using discount rates that approximate interest rates currently being offered on time deposits with comparable maturities. At March 31, 2011, the fair value of deposits is considered Level 2 in the Fair Value Hierarchy.

Borrowings
Short-term borrowings are generally carried at cost that approximates fair value.  Long-term debt is valued using discounted cash flow analysis with discount curves developed using several methods.  Wherever possible, the Corporation uses pricing from industry accepted services or recently observed transactions in the Corporation’s long-term debt to develop the discounting curves.  The observed transactions are between unaffiliated parties where there has been sufficient transaction volume to conclude that the observed pricing is representative of the fair value of the long-term debt obligation.  In the absence of representative observed transactions, the Corporation develops discount curves based on current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of arrangements.  At March 31, 2011, the fair value of borrowings is considered Level 2 in the Fair Value Hierarchy.

Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments
 
Fair values of loan commitments and letters of credit have been estimated based on the equivalent fees, net of expenses, that would be charged for similar contracts and customers ($ in millions):
 
   
March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Loan commitments
  $ 4.7     $ 9.7  
Commercial letters of credit
    0.3       0.3  
Standby letters of credit
    5.3       8.6  
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
  4.
Comprehensive Income
 
The following tables present the Corporation’s comprehensive income ($000’s):
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31, 2011
 
   
Before-Tax
Amount
   
Tax (Expense)
Benefit
   
Net-of-Tax 
Amount
 
Net loss including noncontrolling interests
              $ (116,263 )
Other comprehensive income (loss):
                   
Unrealized gains (losses) on available for sale investment securities:
                   
Arising during the period
  $ 35,263     $ (12,641 )   $ 22,622  
Reclassification for securities transactions included in net income
    -       -       -  
Total unrealized gains (losses) on available for sale investment securities
  $ 35,263     $ (12,641 )   $ 22,622  
                         
Unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives hedging variability of cash flows:
                       
Arising during the period
  $ 79     $ 156     $ 235  
Reclassification adjustments for hedging activities included in net income
    10,316       (3,870 )     6,446  
Total unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives hedging variability of cash flows
  $ 10,395     $ (3,714 )   $ 6,681  
                         
Unrealized gains (losses) on funded status of defined benefit postretirement plan:
                       
Arising during the period
  $ -     $ -     $ -  
Reclassification for amortization of actuarial loss and prior service credit amortization included in net income
    (560 )     210       (350 )
Total unrealized gains (losses) on funded status of defined benefit postretirement plan
  $ (560 )   $ 210     $ (350 )
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
                    28,953  
Total comprehensive income (loss)
                    (87,310 )
Less:  Comprehensive income attributable to the noncontrolling interests
                    (331 )
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Marshall & Ilsley Corporation
                  $ (87,641 )

 

   
Three Months Ended March 31, 2010
 
   
Before-Tax
Amount
   
Tax (Expense)
Benefit
   
Net-of-Tax 
Amount
 
Net loss including noncontrolling interests
              $ (114,969 )
Other comprehensive income (loss):
                   
Unrealized gains (losses) on available for sale investment securities:
                   
Arising during the period
  $ 40,310     $ (14,636 )   $ 25,674  
Reclassification for securities transactions included in net income
    -       -       -  
Total unrealized gains (losses) on available for sale investment securities
  $ 40,310     $ (14,636 )   $ 25,674  
                         
Unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives hedging variability of cash flows:
                       
Arising during the period
  $ (29,136 )   $ 10,850     $ (18,286 )
Reclassification adjustments for hedging activities included in net income
    16,889       (6,289 )     10,600  
Total unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives hedging variability of cash flows
  $ (12,247 )   $ 4,561     $ (7,686 )
                         
Unrealized gains (losses) on funded status of defined benefit postretirement plan:
                       
Arising during the period
  $ -     $ -     $ -  
Reclassification for amortization of actuarial loss and prior service credit amortization included in net income
    (559 )     162       (397 )
Total unrealized gains (losses) on funded status of defined benefit postretirement plan
  $ (559 )   $ 162     $ (397 )
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
                    17,591  
Total comprehensive income (loss)
                    (97,378 )
Less:  Comprehensive income attributable to the noncontrolling interests
                    (389 )
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Marshall & Ilsley Corporation
                  $ (97,767 )
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
  5.
Earnings Per Common Share

A reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted per common share computations are as follows (dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data):


   
Three Months Ended March 31, 2011
 
   
Income
(Numerator)
   
Average Shares
(Denominator)
   
Per Share
Amount
 
 
Basic:
                 
Net loss attributable to Marshall & Ilsley Corporation
  $ (116,594 )            
Preferred stock dividends
    (25,415 )            
Net loss attributable to Marshall & Ilsley Corporation common shareholders
  $ (142,009 )     526,020     $ (0.27 )
                         
Effect of dilutive securities:
                       
Stock option, restricted stock and other plans
            -          
                         
Diluted:
                       
Net loss attributable to Marshall & Ilsley Corporation
  $ (116,594 )                
Preferred stock dividends
    (25,415 )                
Net loss attributable to Marshall & Ilsley Corporation common shareholders
  $ (142,009 )     526,020     $ (0.27 )



   
Three Months Ended March 31, 2010
 
   
Income
(Numerator)
   
Average Shares
(Denominator)
   
Per Share
Amount
 
 
Basic:
                 
Net loss attributable to Marshall & Ilsley Corporation
  $ (115,358 )            
Preferred stock dividends
    (25,180 )            
Net loss attributable to Marshall & Ilsley Corporation common shareholders
  $ (140,538 )     524,086     $ (0.27 )
                         
Effect of dilutive securities:
                       
Stock option, restricted stock and other plans
            -          
                         
Diluted:
                       
Net loss attributable to Marshall & Ilsley Corporation
  $ (115,358 )                
Preferred stock dividends
    (25,180 )                
Net loss attributable to Marshall & Ilsley Corporation common shareholders
  $ (140,538 )     524,086     $ (0.27 )

The table below presents the outstanding options to purchase shares of common stock not included in the computation of diluted earnings per common share because the stock options’ exercise price  was greater than the average market price of the common shares for the three month period ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 (anti-dilutive options).  As a result of the Corporation’s reported net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, all stock options outstanding were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per common share (shares in thousands):


   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Shares Subject to Options
    30,026       33,276  
                 
Price Range
  $ 4.76 - $36.82     $ 4.76 - $36.82  
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
An outstanding warrant to purchase 13,815,789 shares of the Corporation’s common stock issued in connection with the Corporation’s participation in the U.S. Treasury Department’s Capital Purchase Program was not included in the computation of diluted earnings per common share for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, because of the reported net loss in the respective periods.  In addition, the $18.62 per share exercise price of the warrant was greater than the average market price of the common shares for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010.


  6.
Investment Securities

The amortized cost, fair value and unrealized gains and losses of selected investment securities, by major security type, held by the Corporation were as follows ($000's):
 
   
March 31, 2011
 
   
Amortized
Cost
   
Unrealized
Gains
   
Unrealized
Losses
   
Fair 
Value
 
Available for sale:
                       
U.S. Treasury
  $ 2,102     $ 16     $ -     $ 2,118  
U.S. Government agencies
    5,240,416       36,754       72,168       5,205,002  
States and political subdivisions
    762,052       25,719       11,091       776,680  
Residential mortgage backed securities
    140       14       -       154  
Asset backed securities
    206,025       5       48,842       157,188  
Private Equity investments
    73,520       -       -       73,520  
Affordable Housing Partnerships
    64,703       -       -       64,703  
Equity
    1       -       -       1  
Total
  $ 6,348,959     $ 62,508     $ 132,101     $ 6,279,366  
                                 
Federal Reserve Bank stock and FHLB stock
                               
Federal Reserve Bank stock
  $ 171,655     $ -     $ -     $ 171,655  
FHLB stock
    201,446       -       -       201,446  
Total
  $ 373,101     $ -     $ -     $ 373,101  
                                 
Held to maturity:
                               
States and political subdivisions
  $ 53,390     $ 2,608     $ 333     $ 55,665  
Corporate notes
    10,000       245       -       10,245  
Foreign
    5,429       94       47       5,476  
Total
  $ 68,819     $ 2,947     $ 380     $ 71,386  


MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
 
   
December 31, 2010
 
   
Amortized
Cost
   
Unrealized
Gains
   
Unrealized
Losses
   
Fair 
Value
 
Available for sale:
                       
U.S. Treasury
  $ 2,104     $ 18     $ -     $ 2,122  
U.S. Government agencies
    5,479,691       43,532       78,948       5,444,275  
States and political subdivisions
    780,784       21,215       16,158       785,841  
Residential mortgage backed securities
    149       16       -       165  
Asset backed securities
    206,232       6       74,537       131,701  
Private Equity investments
    78,663       -       -       78,663  
Affordable Housing Partnerships
    61,840       -       -       61,840  
Total
  $ 6,609,463     $ 64,787     $ 169,643     $ 6,504,607  
                                 
Federal Reserve Bank stock and FHLB stock
                               
Federal Reserve Bank stock
  $ 178,624     $ -     $ -     $ 178,624  
FHLB stock
    201,473       -       -       201,473  
Total
  $ 380,097     $ -     $ -     $ 380,097  
                                 
Held to maturity:
                               
States and political subdivisions
  $ 58,389     $ 2,582     $ 309     $ 60,662  
Corporate notes
    10,000       273       -       10,273  
Foreign
    3,529       97       6       3,620  
Total
  $ 71,918     $ 2,952     $ 315     $ 74,555  



   
March 31, 2010
 
   
Amortized
Cost
   
Unrealized
Gains
   
Unrealized
Losses
   
Fair 
Value
 
Available for sale:
                       
U.S. Treasury
  $ 7,325     $ 42     $ -     $ 7,367  
U.S. Government agencies
    5,739,353       69,796       7,507       5,801,642  
States and political subdivisions
    799,007       22,796       12,110       809,693  
Residential mortgage backed securities
    201,297       3,440       1,570       203,167  
Asset backed securities
    207,261       7       55,665       151,603  
Private Equity investments
    70,698       52       64       70,686  
Affordable Housing Partnerships
    64,363       -       -       64,363  
Foreign
    43       -       -       43  
Total
  $ 7,089,347     $ 96,133     $ 76,916     $ 7,108,564  
                                 
Federal Reserve Bank stock and FHLB stock
                               
Federal Reserve Bank stock
  $ 202,996     $ -     $ -     $ 202,996  
FHLB stock
    208,905       -       -       208,905  
Total
  $ 411,901     $ -     $ -     $ 411,901  
                                 
Held to maturity:
                               
States and political subdivisions
  $ 88,877     $ 3,192     $ 239     $ 91,830  
Corporate notes
    10,000       13       -       10,013  
Foreign
    5,368       121       13       5,476  
Total
  $ 104,245     $ 3,326     $ 252     $ 107,319  
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
The following tables provide the gross unrealized losses and fair value, aggregated by investment category and the length of time the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position ($000’s):

   
Less than 12 Months
   
12 Months or More
   
Total
 
   
Fair 
Value
   
Unrealized
Losses
   
Fair 
Value
   
Unrealized
Losses
   
Fair 
Value
   
Unrealized
Losses
 
March 31, 2011
                                   
U.S. Treasury
  $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -  
U.S. Government agencies
    3,052,978       71,948       47,167       220       3,100,145       72,168  
States and political subdivisions
    103,990       4,322       36,403       7,102       140,393       11,424  
Residential mortgage backed securities
    -       -       -       -       -       -  
Corporate notes
    -       -       -       -       -       -  
Asset backed securities
    -       -       156,611       48,842       156,611       48,842  
Private Equity investments
    -       -       -       -       -       -  
Affordable Housing Partnerships
    -       -       -       -       -       -  
Equity
    -       -       -       -       -       -  
Foreign
    4,055       45       298       2       4,353       47  
Total
  $ 3,161,023     $ 76,315     $ 240,479     $ 56,166     $ 3,401,502     $ 132,481  

 
   
Less than 12 Months
   
12 Months or More
   
Total
 
   
Fair 
Value
   
Unrealized
Losses
   
Fair 
Value
   
Unrealized
Losses
   
Fair 
Value
   
Unrealized
Losses
 
December 31, 2010
                                   
U.S. Treasury
  $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -  
U.S. Government agencies
    2,587,880       78,832       51,866       116       2,639,746       78,948  
States and political subdivisions
    153,848       7,205       48,487       9,262       202,335       16,467  
Residential mortgage backed securities
    -       -       -       -       -       -  
Corporate notes
    -       -       -       -       -       -  
Asset backed securities
    -       -       130,978       74,537       130,978       74,537  
Private Equity investments
    -       -       -       -       -       -  
Affordable Housing Partnerships
    -       -       -       -       -       -  
Foreign
    2,094       6       -       -       2,094       6  
Total
  $ 2,743,822     $ 86,043     $ 231,331     $ 83,915     $ 2,975,153     $ 169,958  

 
   
Less than 12 Months
   
12 Months or More
   
Total
 
   
Fair 
Value
   
Unrealized
Losses
   
Fair 
Value
   
Unrealized
Losses
   
Fair 
Value
   
Unrealized
Losses
 
March 31, 2010
                                   
U.S. Treasury
  $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -  
U.S. Government agencies
    1,632,198       5,749       457,651       1,758       2,089,849       7,507  
States and political subdivisions
    55,955       5,533       96,724       6,816       152,679       12,349  
Residential mortgage backed securities
    11,263       1,066       34,926       504       46,189       1,570  
Corporate notes
    -       -       -       -       -       -  
Asset backed securities
    -       -       150,690       55,665       150,690       55,665  
Private Equity investments
    -       -       -       64       -       64  
Affordable Housing Partnerships
    -       -       -       -       -       -  
Foreign
    1,438       12       399       1       1,837       13  
Total
  $ 1,700,854     $ 12,360     $ 740,390     $ 64,808     $ 2,441,244     $ 77,168  

 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
Other-Than-Temporary-Impairment (OTTI)

The investment securities reported in the March 31, 2011 table above were temporarily impaired. This temporary impairment represents the amount of loss that would have been realized if the investment securities had been sold on March 31, 2011.  The Corporation determined that the temporary impairment in the investment securities at March 31, 2011 was not from a decline in value due to a credit event that would result in other-than-temporary-impairment (“OTTI”).  At March 31, 2011, the Corporation does not intend to sell these temporarily impaired investment securities until a recovery of the recorded investment, which may be at maturity.  In addition, the Corporation concluded that it is more likely than not that it will not have to sell the investment securities prior to recovery of the recorded investment.

The most severe impairment was recognized in the Corporation’s investments in asset backed securities, which consist primarily of senior tranche collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”) that are secured by pools of trust-preferred securities issued by financial institutions or insurance companies.  To assess the CDOs for potential OTTI, the Corporation estimated the expected cash flows for each security in this portfolio.  The analysis was completed by evaluating the credit quality of the underlying collateral and the cash flow structure.  At March 31, 2011, the estimated cash flow analysis for each security indicated that contractual principal and interest was fully collectible by maturity.

The credit quality analysis included analyses of profitability, credit quality, operating efficiency, leverage, and liquidity using the most recently available financial and regulatory information for each underlying collateral issuer.  The credit review also incorporated historical industry default data and current/near term operating conditions.  Using the results of this analysis, the Corporation estimated appropriate default and recovery probabilities for each piece of collateral.  No recoveries were assumed on issuers who were deferring interest or currently in default.

There are various tranches or investment classes issued within each CDO.  The most senior tranches generally have the lowest yield but the most protection from credit losses compared to other tranches that are subordinate to the most senior tranches.  The Corporation holds only the two most senior tranches of the CDO issuances.  Because of that seniority, the Corporation’s investments receive credit support from the subordinated tranches.  At March 31, 2011, the Corporation estimated that the percentage of the currently performing collateral that would be required to default to cause the Corporation’s tranches to not receive all of its contractual cash flows (principal and interest) ranged from 18% to 45%.  Based on that analysis, the Corporation concluded that there was excess protection to absorb the expected credit losses from both current and projected defaults and there was no OTTI.  In addition, the Corporation concluded that the lengthening of the expected time for principal repayment combined with the illiquid market for trust preferred securities resulted in market expectations of higher yields for similar instruments which explained the entire decline in the fair value of the securities compared with their book values.

Other classes of investments with impairment at March 31, 2011 included US Government Agency Securities and obligations of states and political subdivisions.  US Government Agency Securities consist of mortgage-backed securities issued by Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”), Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”), Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) and Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”).  This portfolio consists of securities with both fixed and floating rate interest rates, average lives of 3-5 years and contractual cash flows guaranteed by the U.S. government or agencies of the U.S. government.

Obligations of states and political subdivisions are bank qualified fixed rate securities with original maturities of ten to twenty years.  The securities primarily consist of general obligation bonds with some essential service revenue bonds.  The majority of these securities have credit ratings of investment grade or better.  Management performs ongoing credit quality reviews on these securities and at March 31, 2011, determined there were no credit losses.
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
The amortized cost and fair value of investment securities by contractual maturity at March 31, 2011 ($000’s):
 
   
Investment Securities
   
Investment Securities
 
   
Available for Sale
   
Held to Maturity
 
   
Amortized
   
Fair
   
Amortized
   
Fair
 
   
Cost
   
Value
   
Cost
   
Value
 
Within one year
  $ 139,058     $ 141,089     $ 6,521     $ 6,586  
From one through five years
    4,272,671       4,264,638       41,711       43,087  
From five through ten years
    1,324,568       1,313,751       20,587       21,713  
After ten years
    612,662       559,888       -       -  
    $ 6,348,959     $ 6,279,366     $ 68,819     $ 71,386  


Federal Reserve Bank stock and FHLB stock have no contractual maturities.

The gross investment securities gains and losses, including Wealth Management transactions, amounted to $9,510 and $2,296 for the three months ended March 31, 2011, respectively and $3,066 and $2,964 for the three months ended March 31, 2010, respectively.  See the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for proceeds from the sale of investment securities.

At March 31, 2011, December 31, 2010 and March 31, 2010, securities with a value of approximately $733,102, $1,020,202, and $1,665,228 respectively, were pledged to secure public deposits, short-term borrowings, interest rate swaps and for other purposes required by law.
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
   7.
Loans and Leases

The Corporation’s loan and lease portfolio consisted of the following ($000’s):
 
   
March 31,
   
December 31,
   
March 31,
 
Loans held for sale
 
2011
   
2010
   
2010
 
Commercial, financial and agricultural
  $ 20,144     $ -     $ 2,774  
Real estate
                       
     Commercial mortgage
    26,772       4,517       14,995  
     Construction and development
    65,634       27,392       50,014  
     Residential mortgage
    16,244       80,788       36,947  
     Home equity loans and lines of credit
    10,586       25,516       43,040  
Total real estate
    119,236       138,213       144,996  
                         
Personal
    184       -       26,333  
Total loans held for sale
  $ 139,564     $ 138,213     $ 174,103  
                         
                         
Portfolio loans and leases
                       
Commercial, financial and agricultural
  $ 10,864,957     $ 11,196,883     $ 11,858,422  
Real estate
                       
     Commercial mortgage
    11,906,140       12,396,772       13,517,055  
     Construction and development
    2,573,413       3,174,290       5,055,544  
     Residential mortgage
    4,018,740       4,260,480       4,786,886  
     Home equity loans and lines of credit
    4,040,626       4,187,316       4,547,066  
Total real estate
    22,538,919       24,018,858       27,906,551  
                         
Personal
    1,176,178       1,142,345       2,131,523  
Lease Financing
    460,483       503,058       578,208  
Total portfolio loans and leases
  $ 35,040,537     $ 36,861,144     $ 42,474,704  
                         
Total loans and leases
  $ 35,180,101     $ 36,999,357     $ 42,648,807  


Loans and leases are presented net of unearned income and unamortized deferred fees, which amounted to $75,528, $83,768 and $100,224 at March 31, 2011, December 31, 2010 and March 31, 2010, respectively.

Included in the loans held for sale category are nonaccrual loans which amounted to $105,494, $23,448, and $55,063 at March 31, 2011, December 31, 2010, and March 31, 2010, respectively.

For the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, loans transferred to OREO, net of initial write-downs, amounted to $98,397 and $146,852, respectively.  These amounts are considered non-cash transactions for purposes of the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

At March 31, 2011 and 2010, loans and leases with a value of approximately $15.3 billion and $19.7 billion, respectively, were pledged to secure deposits, borrowings and for other purposes required by law.

For additional information relating to the recorded investment of the Corporation’s loan and lease portfolio by segments and classes of financing receivables that is used in the determination of the allowance for loan and lease losses see the disclosures in Note 8 - Allowance for Loan and Leases.


MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
   8.
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
 
The allowance for loan and lease losses represents management’s estimate of probable losses inherent in the Corporation’s loan and lease portfolio.  Some factors considered in determining the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses include an assessment of individual problem loans, historical loss patterns of homogeneous loan pools and adjustments to reflect current economic conditions.  In addition, environmental factors, including economic conditions and regulatory guidance, unique to each measurement date are also considered. The determination of the allowance for loan and lease losses is inherently subjective as it requires estimates, including amounts of future cash collections expected on nonaccrual loans, which may be susceptible to significant change.

The Corporation’s reserving methodology considers the following portfolio segments, which are collectively reported as the allowance for loan and lease losses.  The entire allowance for loan and lease losses is available to absorb losses from loans and leases in any of the segments.

Specific Reserve:    The Corporation individually evaluates certain loans for impairment.  Nonaccrual loans, which the Corporation refers to as nonperforming loans and troubled debt restructurings, which the Corporation refers to as renegotiated loans, meet the definition of an impaired loan.  In general, these loans have been internally identified via the Corporation’s loan grading system as credits requiring management’s attention due to underlying problems in the borrower’s business or collateral concerns.  This evaluation considers expected future cash flows, the value of collateral and also other factors that may impact the borrower’s ability to make payments when due.  For nonaccrual loans greater than $1.0 million and renegotiated commercial loans greater than $250,000 impairment is individually measured each quarter using one of three alternatives: (1) the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate; (2) the loan’s observable market price, if available; or (3) the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell for collateral dependent loans and loans for which foreclosure is deemed to be probable. The specific reserve or valuation allowance for impaired loans is determined as the excess, if any, of the carrying value of the loan over the amount determined using the measurement alternative employed at the measurement date.  The required valuation allowance is included in the allowance for loan and lease losses in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.  The carrying value of the loan reflects reductions from prior charge-offs. Nonaccrual loans below the threshold are collectively evaluated for impairment.

Impairment for consumer-related renegotiated loans is measured on a pool level at the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan pool’s effective interest rate.  Contractual cash flows are adjusted for probability of default, expected prepayments, the expected collateral value for loans that will not be fully amortized at maturity and other factors that may impact the timing and amount of expected cash flows.  Factors used to adjust contractual cash flows are based on historical experience and market performance statistics where available.

The Corporation utilizes a dual credit risk rating system (“DRR”) to measure the credit quality of individual commercial loans. The DRR measures the probability of default (“PD”) of an obligor and the loss given default (“LGD”) of credit facilities. The DRR system has 14 grades of PD (numeric) and 8 grades of LGD (alpha). The Company uses the DRR for regulatory reporting purposes, determining the frequency of review of credit exposures, and the evaluation and determination of the allowance for commercial credit losses. The PD for all business purpose credit relationships are reviewed at least annually, while loans on criticized status are reviewed as frequently as quarterly depending on the relationship size.  The DRR system is designed to provide a consistent method and means to assess the credit risk of the Corporation’s loan customers across all commercial products.  The PD attempts to measure the likelihood of an obligor going into default over a one-year time horizon.  The probabilities are intended to represent a long-term average covering periods of high and low defaults.  The LGD attempts to measure the economic loss the Corporation would incur subsequent to an event of default.  Each credit facility of an obligor must have an independent LGD rating.

Collective Loan Impairment:  This segment of the allowance for loan and lease losses is comprised of two elements. First, the Corporation makes a significant number of loans and leases, which due to their underlying similar characteristics, are assessed for loss as homogeneous pools.  Included in the homogeneous pools are commercial and retail loans and leases that were excluded from the specific reserve allocation.
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
For purposes of determining collective loan impairment, commercial loans not evaluated individually are further disaggregated by the following loan types: commercial and industrial loans, commercial real estate loans, commercial construction and development loans and commercial leases.  Using the Corporation’s internal risk ratings, commercial loans and leases are further stratified into three stratums. One stratum consists of loans and leases with risk ratings that are indicators of a nonperforming loan or lease or potential problem loan or lease (PD ratings 11-14), which the Corporation refers to as criticized loans and leases. Two stratums, (PD ratings 1-8 for “pass” credits) and (PD ratings 9-10 for “rated” credits) are developed for loans and leases that indicate no particular weakness.  Using historical loss information, an estimate of loss is determined for each stratum.   All nonaccrual loans and leases are classified as criticized.

For criticized loans and leases, more recent historical loss information forms the basis to determine the estimates of losses inherent in the pools at the measurement date.  For the other stratums of loans and leases, longer-term historical loss information is used to form the basis to determine the estimates of losses inherent in the pools at the measurement date. Longer-term historical loss information is expected to be representative of inherent losses over an entire business cycle.  Historical loss information is updated quarterly to reflect current experience.  Historical loss information may be adjusted for portfolio trends, the effect of loan sales and factors that may be unique to a particular loan or lease type to ensure the loss rates ultimately used are appropriate at the measurement date. Selecting the appropriate loss rates that are used to determine the estimates of losses inherent in the pools at the measurement date requires significant judgment.

For the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, historical loss rates used to determine the allowance for loan losses for commercial loans and leases collectively evaluated for impairment were adjusted to exclude charge-offs recognized in 2007, 2008 and 2009 related to one large commercial loan to a borrower in the business of subprime lending and servicing.  Those charge-offs were excluded because that loan was not representative of the underlying businesses or collateral existing in the Corporation’s commercial loan portfolio at those measurement dates.

Historical loss rates used to determine the allowance for loan losses for commercial real estate loans and leases collectively evaluated for impairment at March 31, 2011 and 2010 were adjusted to exclude charge-offs in 2009 and 2010 related to one large commercial real estate loan relationship that consisted of multiple geographically dispersed commercial real estate loans in a specialty niche of the hospitality / lodging industry.  Those charge-offs were excluded because they were not considered representative of typical hospitality / lodging or other commercial real estate loans existing in the Corporation’s loan portfolios at the measurement dates due to the nature of the specialty niche and the fact that many of the projects were outside of the Corporation’s markets.

Retail loans and leases consist of residential real estate loans, residential construction and development loans, home equity loans and lines of credit, personal loans and personal leases.  Other than retail nonaccrual loans greater than $1.0 million and renegotiated loans, retail loan types are stratified based on origination channels, underwriting guidelines, collateral type and product features such as a loan or line of credit and delinquency status.  The loans are further stratified by selected markets (Arizona, Wisconsin, Florida and others), updated credit scores and the loan’s year of origination.  Credit scores are updated quarterly.  In the event an updated credit score cannot be obtained, the original credit scores are used.  Loss factors are derived from historical loss experience by delinquency status for each stratum and applied to the outstanding loan and lease balance by delinquency status to determine a reserve.  Based on current market conditions, the Corporation estimates additional probable loss by evaluating probability of default and loss severity, the factors that collectively impact the amount of loss inherent in the retail sector loans and leases.  Current factors impacting the probability of default such as lingering levels of elevated unemployment may not be fully reflected in updated credit scores or in existing levels of delinquency, causing historical default experience to be understated at the measurement date.  Rapidly changing real estate collateral values arising from illiquid markets, excess inventories in certain markets and high current loan-to value ratios resulting from property value depreciation since the date the loans were originated impact historical loss severity.  This additional probable loss is added to the amounts determined based on historical experience.

The second element reflects management’s recognition of the uncertainty and imprecision underlying the process of estimating losses.  From time to time, the Corporation has identified certain loans within certain industry segments that based on financial, payment or collateral performance, warrant closer ongoing monitoring by management.  The specific loans mentioned earlier are excluded from this analysis.  Based on management’s judgment, reserve ranges may be allocated to industry segments due to environmental conditions unique to the measurement period.  Consideration is given to both internal and external environmental factors such as economic conditions in certain geographic or industry segments of the portfolio, economic trends, risk profile, and portfolio composition.  Reserve ranges are then allocated using estimates of loss exposure that management has identified based on these economic trends or conditions.  At March 31, 2011 and 2010, the amount of allowance for loan and lease losses attributable to the second element was not material.
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
The Corporation has not materially changed any aspect of its overall approach in the determination of the allowance for loan and lease losses.  However, on an on-going basis the Corporation continues to refine the methods used in determining management’s best estimate of the allowance for loan and lease losses.

An analysis of the allowance for loan and lease losses by major class of the Corporation’s loan and lease portfolio was as follows:


   
As of and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2011
 
   
Commercial
Loans and
Leases
   
Commercial
Real
Estate
   
Residential
Real
Estate
   
Construction
and
Development
   
Home
Equity
Loans and
Lines of
Credit
   
Personal
Loans and
Leases
   
Total
 
Allowance for Credit Losses:
                                         
Beginning Balance
  $ 384,877     $ 381,166     $ 173,710     $ 262,790     $ 144,046     $ 40,986     $ 1,387,575  
Provision
    85,934       154,806       56,810       106,197       15,328       (272 )     418,803  
Charge-offs
    (109,710 )     (143,863 )     (55,963 )     (116,986 )     (35,799 )     (8,592 )     (470,913 )
Recoveries
    6,404       18,633       4,171       5,709       1,478       2,217       38,612  
Ending Balance
  $ 367,505     $ 410,742     $ 178,728     $ 257,710     $ 125,053     $ 34,339     $ 1,374,077  
                                                         
Ending Balance: Individually evaluated for impairment
  $ 24,803     $ 42,581     $ 44,925     $ 42,973     $ 8,370     $ 5,957     $ 169,609  
Ending Balance: Collectively evaluated for impairment
  $ 342,702     $ 368,161     $ 133,803     $ 214,737     $ 116,683     $ 28,382     $ 1,204,468  
                                                         
Loans and Leases:
                                                       
Ending Balance
  $ 11,264,075     $ 11,906,140     $ 4,018,740     $ 2,573,413     $ 4,040,626     $ 1,237,543     $ 35,040,537  
                                                         
Ending Balance: Individually evaluated for impairment
  $ 200,992     $ 525,148     $ 288,301     $ 391,958     $ 46,287     $ 9,065     $ 1,461,751  
Ending Balance: Collectively evaluated for impairment
  $ 11,063,083     $ 11,380,992     $ 3,730,439     $ 2,181,455     $ 3,994,339     $ 1,228,478     $ 33,578,786  


MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
   
As of and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2010
 
   
Commercial
Loans and
Leases
   
Commercial
Real
Estate
   
Residential
Real
Estate
   
Construction
and
Development
   
Home
Equity
Loans and
Lines of
Credit
   
Personal
Loans and
Leases
   
Total
 
Allowance for Credit Losses:
                                         
Beginning Balance
  $ 289,885     $ 356,548     $ 194,618     $ 423,688     $ 164,013     $ 51,718     $ 1,480,470  
Provision
    153,556       104,860       42,376       145,345       4,783       7,192       458,112  
Charge-offs
    (137,103 )     (54,752 )     (34,104 )     (163,234 )     (35,220 )     (12,046 )     (436,459 )
Recoveries
    3,000       1,388       1,654       3,570       1,087       2,332       13,031  
Ending Balance
  $ 309,338     $ 408,044     $ 204,544     $ 409,369     $ 134,663     $ 49,196     $ 1,515,154  
                                                         
Ending Balance: Individually evaluated for impairment
  $ 39,618     $ 144,536     $ 76,889     $ 84,123     $ 11,619     $ 3,003     $ 359,788  
Ending Balance: Collectively evaluated for impairment
  $ 269,720     $ 263,508     $ 127,655     $ 325,246     $ 123,044     $ 46,193     $ 1,155,366  
                                                         
Loans and Leases:
                                                       
Ending Balance
  $ 12,312,712     $ 13,517,055     $ 4,786,886     $ 5,055,544     $ 4,547,066     $ 2,255,441     $ 42,474,704  
                                                         
Ending Balance: Individually evaluated for impairment
  $ 248,676     $ 609,472     $ 374,657     $ 681,950     $ 44,574     $ 6,473     $ 1,965,802  
Ending Balance: Collectively evaluated for impairment
  $ 12,064,036     $ 12,907,583     $ 4,412,229     $ 4,373,594     $ 4,502,492     $ 2,248,968     $ 40,508,902  
 
The Corporation’s recorded investment in impaired loans and leases are as follows:
 
   
March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Total nonaccrual and renegotiated loans and leases
  $ 2,093,409     $ 2,685,636  
Less:  impaired loans held for sale
    (105,494 )     (55,063 )
Total impaired loans and leases
  $ 1,987,915     $ 2,630,573  
Loans and leases excluded from individual evaluation
    (526,164 )     (664,771 )
Impaired loans evaluated
  $ 1,461,751     $ 1,965,802  
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
The Corporation’s recorded investment in impaired loans and leases individually evaluated for impairment and the related unpaid principal balances, valuation allowances, average recorded investment and interest income recognized (for the three months ended March 31, 2011) were as follows:
 
                     
For the Three Months Ended
 
   
March 31, 2011
   
March 31, 2011
 
                               
         
Unpaid
         
Average
   
Interest
 
Valuation
 
Recorded
   
Principal
   
Valuation
   
Recorded
   
Income
 
Allowance Required
 
Investment
   
Balance
   
Allowance
   
Investment
   
Recognized
 
Commercial Loans & Leases
  $ 70,361     $ 88,075     $ 24,803     $ 61,763     $ 838  
Commercial Real Estate
    194,439       215,091       42,581       163,516       1,797  
Residential Real Estate
    268,307       272,990       44,925       271,404       2,385  
Construction & Development
    208,195       252,209       42,973       185,850       1,913  
Home Equity Loans & Lines
    44,747       45,393       8,370       43,457       444  
Personal Loans & Leases
    7,074       7,074       5,957       3,604       -  
Total
  $ 793,123     $ 880,832     $ 169,609     $ 729,594     $ 7,377  
                                         
           
Unpaid
           
Average
   
Interest
 
No Valuation
 
Recorded
   
Principal
   
Valuation
   
Recorded
   
Income
 
Allowance Required
 
Investment
   
Balance
   
Allowance
   
Investment
   
Recognized
 
Commercial Loans & Leases
  $ 130,631     $ 234,637     $ -     $ 100,839     $ 1,671  
Commercial Real Estate
    330,709       621,742       -       345,209       4,047  
Residential Real Estate
    19,994       22,422       -       19,989       101  
Construction & Development
    183,763       275,241       -       215,613       1,313  
Home Equity Loans & Lines
    1,540       2,276       -       1,595       -  
Personal Loans & Leases
    1,991       4,410       -       1,557       33  
Total
  $ 668,628     $ 1,160,728     $ -     $ 684,802     $ 7,165  
                                         
           
Unpaid
           
Average
   
Interest
 
   
Recorded
   
Principal
   
Valuation
   
Recorded
   
Income
 
Total
 
Investment
   
Balance
   
Allowance
   
Investment
   
Recognized
 
Commercial Loans & Leases
  $ 200,992     $ 322,712     $ 24,803     $ 162,602     $ 2,509  
Commercial Real Estate
    525,148       836,833       42,581       508,725       5,844  
Residential Real Estate
    288,301       295,412       44,925       291,393       2,486  
Construction & Development
    391,958       527,450       42,973       401,463       3,226  
Home Equity Loans & Lines
    46,287       47,669       8,370       45,052       444  
Personal Loans & Leases
    9,065       11,484       5,957       5,161       33  
Total
  $ 1,461,751     $ 2,041,560     $ 169,609     $ 1,414,396     $ 14,542  
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 

                     
For the Three
 
                     
Months Ended
 
   
March 31, 2010
   
March 31, 2010
 
                         
         
Unpaid
         
Average
 
Valuation
 
Recorded
   
Principal
   
Valuation
   
Recorded
 
Allowance Required
 
Investment
   
Balance
   
Allowance
   
Investment
 
Commercial Loans & Leases
  $ 162,978     $ 214,833     $ 39,618     $ 169,272  
Commercial Real Estate
    461,190       513,881       144,536       387,095  
Residential Real Estate
    339,336       344,992       76,889       323,199  
Construction & Development
    400,757       450,479       84,123       351,957  
Home Equity Loans & Lines
    43,150       46,108       11,619       44,058  
Personal Loans & Leases
    6,473       6,473       3,003       5,075  
Total
  $ 1,413,884     $ 1,576,766     $ 359,788     $ 1,280,656  
                                 
           
Unpaid
           
Average
 
No Valuation
 
Recorded
   
Principal
   
Valuation
   
Recorded
 
Allowance Required
 
Investment
   
Balance
   
Allowance
   
Investment
 
Commercial Loans & Leases
  $ 85,698     $ 143,226     $ -     $ 117,060  
Commercial Real Estate
    148,282       213,875       -       168,530  
Residential Real Estate
    35,321       46,163       -       26,656  
Construction & Development
    281,193       444,913       -       305,305  
Home Equity Loans & Lines
    1,424       4,499       -       475  
Personal Loans & Leases
    -       -       -       1,433  
Total
  $ 551,918     $ 852,676     $ -     $ 619,459  
                                 
           
Unpaid
           
Average
 
   
Recorded
   
Principal
   
Valuation
   
Recorded
 
Total
 
Investment
   
Balance
   
Allowance
   
Investment
 
Commercial Loans & Leases
  $ 248,676     $ 358,059     $ 39,618     $ 286,332  
Commercial Real Estate
    609,472       727,756       144,536       555,625  
Residential Real Estate
    374,657       391,155       76,889       349,855  
Construction & Development
    681,950       895,392       84,123       657,262  
Home Equity Loans & Lines
    44,574       50,607       11,619       44,533  
Personal Loans & Leases
    6,473       6,473       3,003       6,508  
Total
  $ 1,965,802     $ 2,429,442     $ 359,788     $ 1,900,115  
 
The table presented below reflects the Corporation’s credit exposure by credit quality indicator for the loan and lease portfolio:
 
     
March 31, 2011
 
Credit
   
Commercial
   
Commercial
   
Residential
   
Construction
   
Home Equity
   
Personal
   
Total
 
Quality Indicators
   
Loans & Leases
   
Real Estate
   
Real Estate
   
& Development
   
Loans & Lines
   
Loans & Leases
   
Loans & Leases
 
                                             
Commercial Risk Stratum
                                         
Criticized
    $ 2,186,163     $ 2,772,437     $ 14,757     $ 1,048,697     $ 25     $ 26,562     $ 6,048,641  
Rated
      2,468,950       3,179,668       6,445       496,989       1,059       32,282       6,185,393  
Pass
      6,377,087       5,930,683       5,924       319,789       5,459       76,587       12,715,529  
                                                           
Consumer Credit Score
                                                       
620 or Less
      -       -       654,335       94,052       565,790       81,479       1,395,656  
621 - 720
      -       -       1,122,571       179,781       1,087,784       303,766       2,693,902  
721 or Greater
      -       -       2,116,877       430,802       2,357,730       658,020       5,563,429  
                                                             
Not Rated
      231,875       23,352       97,831       3,303       22,779       58,847       437,987  
                                                             
Total
    $ 11,264,075     $ 11,906,140     $ 4,018,740     $ 2,573,413     $ 4,040,626     $ 1,237,543     $ 35,040,537  


MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
Commercial loans and commercial leases, commercial real estate loans and commercial construction and development loans in the Corporation’s loan portfolio without a credit quality rating are primarily loans with relationship balances less than $100,000 that are not required by internal policy to be assigned a DRR.  In addition to these smaller commercial relationships, business purpose credit card loans, and commercial overdrafts do not have a DRR.

Residential real estate loans, residential construction and development loans, home equity loans and lines of credit, personal loans and personal leases without a credit quality rating are primarily consumer relationships serviced by third-party service providers where the provider was unable to provide a current or original credit score.

Nonaccrual loans and leases at March 31, 2011 and March 31, 2010:


   
March 31, 2011
   
March 31, 2010
 
Commercial Loans & Leases
  $ 212,552     $ 250,323  
Commercial Real Estate
    575,562       643,889  
Residential Real Estate
    230,103       269,487  
Construction & Development
    354,222       642,086  
Home Equity Loans & Lines
    87,819       80,048  
Personal Loans & Leases
    12,765       12,901  
Total
  $ 1,473,023     $ 1,898,734  
Nonaccrual Loans Held for Sale
    105,494       55,063  
Total Nonaccrual Loans and Leases
  $ 1,578,517     $ 1,953,797  
 
The current and past due status of the Corporation’s loans and leases at March 31, 2011 were:

   
March 31, 2011
 
                                       
Loans Past
 
   
30-59 Days
   
60-89 Days
   
90+ Days
   
Total
         
Total
   
Due 90+ and
 
   
Past Due
   
Past Due
   
Past Due
   
Past Due
   
Current
   
Loans & Leases
   
still accruing
 
Commercial Loans & Leases
  $ 41,202     $ 22,916     $ 69,250     $ 133,368     $ 11,150,851     $ 11,284,219     $ -  
Commercial Real Estate
    134,057       96,517       229,051       459,625       11,473,287       11,932,912       -  
Residential Real Estate
    79,444       52,103       202,414       333,961       3,701,023       4,034,984       -  
Construction & Development
    85,487       41,042       222,404       348,933       2,290,114       2,639,047       -  
Home Equity Loans & Lines
    47,432       25,154       78,191       150,777       3,900,435       4,051,212       2,042  
Personal Loans & Leases
    4,777       2,538       10,330       17,645       1,220,082       1,237,727       4,499  
Total Loans & Leases
  $ 392,399     $ 240,270     $ 811,640     $ 1,444,309     $ 33,735,792     $ 35,180,101     $ 6,541  
Less:  Loans Held for Sale
                                            (139,564 )        
Total
                                          $ 35,040,537          
 
 
   9.
Goodwill and Other Intangibles
 
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2011 were as follows ($000’s):

   
Commercial
Banking
   
Community
Banking
   
Wealth
Management
   
Others
   
Total
 
Gross amount of goodwill
  $ 1,250,595     $ 609,510     $ 163,779     $ 120,777     $ 2,144,661  
Accumulated impairment losses
    (925,634 )     (609,510 )     -       -       (1,535,144 )
Goodwill balance as of December 31, 2010
    324,961       -       163,779       120,777       609,517  
Activity
    -       -       -       -       -  
Goodwill balance as of March 31, 2011
  $ 324,961     $ -     $ 163,779     $ 120,777     $ 609,517  

 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2010 were as follows ($000’s):

   
Commercial
Banking
   
Community
Banking
   
Wealth
Management
   
Others
   
Total
 
Gross amount of goodwill
  $ 1,250,595     $ 609,510     $ 163,779     $ 120,777     $ 2,144,661  
Accumulated impairment losses
    (925,634 )     (609,510 )     -       -       (1,535,144 )
Goodwill balance as of December 31, 2009
    324,961       -       163,779       120,777       609,517  
Activity
    -       -       -       -       -  
Goodwill balance as of March 31, 2010
  $ 324,961     $ -     $ 163,779     $ 120,777     $ 609,517  

At March 31, 2011, the Corporation’s other intangible assets consisted of the following ($000’s):
 
   
Gross
Carrying
Amount
   
Accumulated Amortization
   
Net
Carrying
Amount
 
Other intangible assets:
                 
Core deposit intangible
  $ 216,177     $ (131,248 )   $ 84,929  
Trust customers
    29,315       (10,839 )     18,476  
Tradename
    3,975       (1,677 )     2,298  
Other intangibles
    6,190       (2,316 )     3,874  
    $ 255,657     $ (146,080 )   $ 109,577  
Mortgage loan servicing rights
                  $ 847  
 
At March 31, 2010, the Corporation’s other intangible assets consisted of the following ($000’s):
 
   
Gross
Carrying
Amount
   
Accumulated Amortization
   
Net
Carrying
Amount
 
Other intangible assets
                 
Core deposit intangible
  $ 216,177     $ (116,966 )   $ 99,211  
Trust customers
    29,354       (8,014 )     21,340  
Tradename
    3,975       (1,147 )     2,828  
Other intangibles
    7,336       (3,181 )     4,155  
    $ 256,842     $ (129,308 )   $ 127,534  
Mortgage loan servicing rights
                  $ 1,530  
 
Amortization expense of other intangible assets for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 amounted to $4.3 million and $4.9 million, respectively.

Amortization of mortgage loan servicing rights amounted to $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

The estimated amortization expense of other intangible assets and mortgage loan servicing rights for the next five fiscal years are ($000’s):

2012
  $ 16,874  
2013
    14,409  
2014
    12,443  
2015
    11,380  
2016
    10,054  

 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
Mortgage loan servicing rights are subject to the prepayment risk inherent in the underlying loans that are being serviced.  The actual remaining life could be significantly different due to actual prepayment experience in future periods.

Goodwill Impairment Tests

The Intangibles – Goodwill and Other Topic of the Codification provides guidance for impairment testing of goodwill and intangible assets that are not amortized.  Goodwill is tested for impairment using a two-step process that begins with an estimation of the fair value of a reporting unit.  The first step is a screen for potential impairment and the second step measures the amount of impairment, if any.

The Corporation has elected to perform the annual test for goodwill impairment as of June 30th of each year.  As a result of performing the annual test in 2010, the Corporation determined that the recorded goodwill was not impaired.  There have been no events since the annual test to indicate that it is more likely than not that the recorded goodwill had become impaired.  Other than goodwill, the Corporation did not have any other intangible assets with indefinite lives at March 31, 2011.


 10.
Deposits

The Corporation's deposit liabilities consisted of the following ($000's):


   
March 31,
   
December 31,
   
March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2010
 
Noninterest bearing demand
  $ 8,305,990     $ 8,078,733     $ 7,787,831  
Interest bearing:
                       
Savings and NOW
    3,777,251       4,921,951       7,373,242  
Money Market
    16,233,501       15,897,642       12,758,186  
CD's $100,000 and over:
                       
CD's $100,000 and over
    4,406,737       4,520,979       8,691,562  
Cash flow hedge - Institutional CDs
    -       -       13,349  
Total CD's $100,000 and over
    4,406,737       4,520,979       8,704,911  
Other time
    4,538,170       4,675,800       5,124,930  
Foreign
    141,806       163,527       233,150  
Total interest bearing
    29,097,465       30,179,899       34,194,419  
Total deposits
  $ 37,403,455     $ 38,258,632     $ 41,982,250  



 11.
Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities

The following is an update of the Corporation’s use of derivative financial instruments and its hedging activities as described in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.

Interest rate risk, the exposure of the Corporation’s net interest income and net fair value of its assets and liabilities to adverse movements in interest rates, is a significant market risk exposure that can have a material effect on the Corporation’s financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.  The Corporation has established policies that neither earnings nor fair value at risk should exceed established guidelines. These risks are assessed by modeling the impact of changes in interest rates that may adversely impact expected future earnings and fair values.
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
The Corporation has strategies designed to confine these risks within established limits and identify appropriate risk /reward trade-offs in the financial structure of its balance sheet.  These strategies include the use of derivative financial instruments to help achieve the desired balance sheet repricing structure while meeting the desired objectives of its customers.

The Corporation employs certain over-the-counter interest rate swaps that are the designated hedging instruments in fair value and cash flow hedges that are used by the Corporation to manage its interest rate risk.  These interest rate swaps are measured at fair value on a recurring basis based on significant other observable inputs and are categorized as Level 2.  See Note 3 – Fair Value Measurements in Notes to Financial Statements for additional information.

In accordance with the Corporation’s accounting policy, derivative fair values are presented on a gross basis.

The Dodd-Frank Act contains a number of significant requirements and restrictions relating to derivative financial instruments and hedging activities by financial institutions and other companies.  While many of the details of these requirements and restrictions are uncertain pending rules required to be promulgated under the Dodd-Frank Act, the Corporation believes its derivative and hedging activities are in compliance with the provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act as they currently appear.

 
Trading Instruments and Other Free Standing Derivatives

The Corporation enters into various derivative contracts which are designated as trading and other free standing derivative contracts.  These derivative contracts are not linked to specific assets and liabilities on the balance sheet or to forecasted transactions in an accounting hedge relationship and, therefore, do not qualify for hedge accounting under the Derivatives and Hedging Topic of the Codification.  They are carried at fair value with changes in fair value recorded as a component of other noninterest income.

Trading and other free standing derivatives are used primarily to focus on providing derivative products to customers that enables them to manage interest rate risk exposure.  The Corporation’s market risk from unfavorable movements in interest rates is generally economically hedged by concurrently entering into offsetting derivative contracts.  The offsetting derivative contracts generally have nearly identical notional values, terms and indices.

During the second quarter of 2010 the Corporation began originating residential mortgage loans for sale to the secondary market on a mandatory basis. In conjunction with these activities, the Corporation elected to account for the loans held for sale on a mandatory basis at fair value and economically hedge the change in fair value of both the loan commitments and funded loans held for sale on a mandatory basis with To Be Announced (“TBA”) forward contracts on agency securities. The economic hedges are not intended to qualify for the special hedge accounting prescribed by the Derivative and Hedging Topic of the Codification.  The activity for the three months ended March 31, 2011 was not significant.

The Corporation originates certain residential real estate loans that are intended to be sold to the secondary market. In conjunction with these activities, the Corporation enters into commitments to originate residential real estate loans whereby the interest rate of the loan is determined prior to funding (“interest rate lock”) which are considered freestanding derivatives.  Interest rate locks and funded held for sale residential mortgage loans are subject to interest rate risk between the date of the interest rate lock and the date loans are sold to the secondary market.  To economically hedge interest rate risk, the Corporation enters into TBA forward contracts on agency securities. The interest rate locks, funded mortgage loans held for sale and TBA forward contracts are carried at fair value with changes in fair value included in gain on sale of mortgage loans which is reported in Other income in the Consolidated Statements of Income.  The fair value of interest rate locks, funded mortgage loans held for sale and TBA forward contracts are based on current secondary market prices for underlying loans with similar interest rates, maturities and credit quality.  The fair value of interest rate locks is subject to the anticipated probability that the loans will fund within the terms of the loan commitments.
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
Foreign exchange contracts are commitments to purchase or deliver foreign currency at a specified exchange rate.  The Corporation enters into foreign exchange contracts primarily in connection with trading activities to enable customers involved in international trade to hedge exposure to foreign currency fluctuations and to minimize the Corporation’s own exposure to foreign currency fluctuations resulting from the above.  Foreign exchange contracts include such commitments as foreign currency spot, forward, future and, to a much lesser extent, option contracts.  The risks in these transactions arise from the ability of counterparties to perform under the terms of the contracts and the risk of trading in a volatile commodity.  The Corporation actively monitors all transactions and positions against predetermined limits established on trades and types of currency to ensure reasonable risk taking.

Matching commitments to deliver foreign currencies with commitments to purchase foreign currencies minimizes the Corporation’s market risk from unfavorable movements in currency exchange rates.

Visa

On March 31, 2011, Visa, Inc. (“Visa”) announced that it had deposited an additional $400 million into the litigation escrow account.  Despite the additional funding, Visa did not provide any updates about the litigation matters that would change the Corporation’s estimate of the fair value of the litigation settlement amount. As a result of the deposit, the conversion ratio of Visa Class B common stock to Visa Class A common stock decreased from 0.5102 to 0.4881.  As permitted under the by-laws of Visa, the Corporation sold its shares of Visa Class B common stock to a qualified purchaser (“purchaser”) in 2009.  Concurrently with the sale, the Corporation and the purchaser entered into a derivative transaction whereby the Corporation will make cash payments to the purchaser whenever the conversion ratio is reset to an amount less than 0.6296.  On April 18, 2011, the Corporation made a $1.7 million payment to the purchaser.

Financial Guarantees
The Corporation is both a purchaser and seller of credit protection in the financial guarantees market.  The Corporation primarily uses financial guarantees to mitigate credit risk associated with the derivative receivables associated with loan participations (bought and sold).

Financial guarantees are financial instruments whose value is derived from credit risk associated with debt of a third-party issuer (the reference entity) and which allow one party (the protection purchaser) to transfer that risk to another party (the protection seller). Financial guarantees expose the protection purchaser to the creditworthiness of the protection seller, as the protection seller is required to make payments under the contract when the reference entity experiences a credit event, such as a bankruptcy, a failure to pay its obligation or a restructuring.  The seller of credit protection receives a premium for providing protection but has the risk that the underlying instrument referenced in the contract will be subject to a credit event.

Upon a credit event, the protection seller would typically pay out only a percentage of the full notional amount of net protection sold, as the amount actually required to be paid on the contracts takes into account the recovery value of the reference obligation at the time of settlement.  The Corporation does not use notional as the primary measure of risk management for credit derivatives because notional does not take into account the probability of occurrence of a credit event, recovery value of the reference obligation, or related cash instruments and economic hedges.

At March 31, 2011, the maximum potential amount of future payments (undiscounted) that the Corporation, as a protection seller, could be required to make under the credit protection derivative amounted to $4.3 million, of which $0.7 million matures within one year and $3.6 million matures in one to five years.  The fair value of the credit protection was immaterial at March 31, 2011 and is included in the Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities category of the Corporation’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

At March 31, 2011, the maximum potential amount of future receivables that the Corporation, as a protection purchaser, may be eligible to receive under the credit protection derivative amounted to $2.7 million, of which $1.7 million matures in one to five years and $1.0 million matures in five to ten years.  At March 31, 2011, the fair value of the credit protection derivative was immaterial.

 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
The following tables summarize the balance sheet category and fair values of trading instruments and other free standing derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:


   
Notional
     
Fair
 
   
Amount
     
Value
 
March  31, 2011
 
($ in millions)
 
Balance Sheet Category
 
($ in millions)
 
Assets:
             
Interest rate contracts - swaps
  $ 4,012.2  
 Trading assets
  $ 196.0  
Interest rate contracts - purchased interest rate caps
    161.7  
 Trading assets
    0.7  
Equity derivative contracts - equity indexed CDs
    94.0  
 Trading assets
    9.1  
Total assets
            205.8  
                   
Liabilities:
                 
Interest rate contracts - swaps
  $ 3,627.2  
 Accrued expenses and other liabilities
  $ 170.6  
Interest rate contracts - sold interest rate caps
    161.7  
 Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    0.7  
Equity derivative contracts - equity indexed CDs
    93.4  
 Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    9.1  
Equity derivative contracts - Visa
    1.0  
 Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    6.1  
Total liabilities
            $ 186.5  
Net positive fair value impact
            $ 19.3  


   
Notional
     
Fair
 
   
Amount
     
Value
 
March  31, 2010
 
($ in millions)
 
Balance Sheet Category
 
($ in millions)
 
Assets:
             
Interest rate contracts - swaps
  $ 4,550.3  
 Trading assets
  $ 222.9  
Interest rate contracts - purchased interest rate caps
    151.5  
 Trading assets
    1.3  
Equity derivative contracts - equity indexed CDs
    94.7  
 Trading assets
    8.5  
Total assets
            $ 232.7  
                   
Liabilities:
                 
Interest rate contracts - swaps
  $ 4,272.1  
 Accrued expenses and other liabilities
  $ 193.6  
Interest rate contracts - sold interest rate caps
    135.4  
 Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    1.3  
Equity derivative contracts - equity indexed CDs
    94.2  
 Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    8.4  
Equity derivative contracts - Visa
    1.0  
 Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    11.6  
Total liabilities
            $ 214.9  
Net positive fair value impact
            $ 17.8  
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
The following tables summarize the income statement categories of the gain or (loss) recognized in income on trading instruments and other free standing derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:

     
Amount of Gain or (Loss)
Recognized in Income on Derivative
 
 
Category of Gain or
 
($ in millions)
 
 
(Loss) Recognized in
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
Income on Derivative
 
2011
   
2010
 
Interest rate contracts:
             
Interest rate swaps
Other income - Other
  $ (0.0 )   $ 0.8  
Purchased interest rate caps
Other income - Other
    (0.1 )     (0.1 )
Sold interest rate caps
Other income - Other
    0.1       0.1  
Interest rate lock commitments
Other income - Gain on sale of mortgage loans
    (0.5 )     -  
TBA forward contracts - agency securities
Other income - Gain on sale of mortgage loans
    (0.8 )     -  
                   
Equity contracts:
                 
Equity-indexed CDs
Other income - Other
    (0.0 )     (0.0 )
Visa
Other income - Other
    -       -  

 
Fair Value Hedges and Cash Flow Hedges

The Corporation uses various derivative instruments that qualify as hedging relationships under the Derivatives and Hedging Topic of the Codification.  These instruments are designated as either fair value hedges or cash flow hedges.  The Corporation recognizes these derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities at fair value in the consolidated statement of financial position.

The Corporation employs certain over-the-counter interest rate swaps that are designated hedging instruments in fair value and cash flow hedges that are used by the Corporation to manage its interest rate risk.  These interest rate swaps are measured at fair value on a recurring basis based on significant other observable inputs and are categorized as Level 2.  See Note 3 – Fair Value Measurements in Notes to Financial Statements for additional information.
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
The following tables summarize the balance sheet category and fair values of derivatives designated as hedging instruments:

                         
Weighted
 
           
Notional
     
Fair
   
Average
 
           
Amount
     
Value
   
Remaining
 
March 31, 2011
 
Derivative Type
 
Hedged Item
 
($ in millions)
 
Balance Sheet Category
 
($ in millions)
   
Term (Years)
 
Liabilities
                           
Interest rate contracts:
                           
Receive fixed rate swaps
 
Fair Value
 
Institutional CDs
  $ 25.0  
Deposits
  $ (0.3 )     25.2  
Receive fixed rate swaps
 
Fair Value
 
Brokered bullet CD's
    185.1  
Deposits
    (10.0 )     2.5  
Receive fixed rate swaps
 
Fair Value
 
Callable CDs
    1,541.6  
Deposits
    4.3       14.3  
Pay fixed rate swaps
 
Cash Flow
 
FHLB advances
    500.0  
Long-term borrowings
    26.3       1.2  
Receive fixed rate swaps
 
Fair Value
 
FHLB advances
    280.0  
Long-term borrowings
    (7.2 )     1.4  
Pay fixed rate swaps
 
Cash Flow
 
Floating rate bank notes
    73.8  
Long-term borrowings
    0.7       0.2  
Receive fixed rate swaps
 
Fair Value
 
Fixed rate bank notes
    520.0  
Long-term borrowings
    (13.5 )     4.0  
Receive fixed rate swaps
 
Fair Value
 
Medium term notes
    6.4  
Long-term borrowings
    0.3       16.9  
Total liabilities
                    $ 0.6          
Net negative fair value impact
                $ (0.6 )        


                         
Weighted
 
           
Notional
     
Fair
   
Average
 
           
Amount
     
Value
   
Remaining
 
March 31, 2010
 
Derivative Type
 
Hedged Item
 
($ in millions)
 
Balance Sheet Category
 
($ in millions)
   
Term (Years)
 
Liabilities
                           
Interest rate contracts:
                           
Receive fixed rate swaps
 
Fair Value
 
Institutional CDs
  $ 25.0  
Deposits
  $ (1.3 )     26.2  
Receive fixed rate swaps
 
Fair Value
 
Brokered bullet CD's
    204.9  
Deposits
    (10.4 )     3.2  
Receive fixed rate swaps
 
Fair Value
 
Callable CDs
    4,972.1  
Deposits
    4.6       14.2  
Pay fixed rate swaps
 
Cash Flow
 
Institutional CDs
    250.0  
Deposits
    13.3       1.1  
Pay fixed rate swaps
 
Cash Flow
 
FHLB advances
    800.0  
Long-term borrowings
    64.2       2.3  
Receive fixed rate swaps
 
Fair Value
 
FHLB advances
    280.0  
Long-term borrowings
    (7.1 )     2.4  
Pay fixed rate swaps
 
Cash Flow
 
Floating rate bank notes
    78.8  
Long-term borrowings
    4.4       1.2  
Receive fixed rate swaps
 
Fair Value
 
Fixed rate bank notes
    590.0  
Long-term borrowings
    (5.0 )     5.2  
Receive fixed rate swaps
 
Fair Value
 
Medium term notes
    6.6  
Long-term borrowings
    0.0       17.9  
Total liabilities
                    $ 62.7          
Net negative fair value impact
                $ (62.7 )        

 
The effect of fair value hedges on the Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 was as follows ($ in millions):
 
   
Category of Gain (Loss)
           
Category of Gain (Loss)
           
   
Recognized in Income
 
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in
 
Recognized in Income
 
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in
 
Interest rate contracts
 
on Derivative
 
Income on Derivative (a)
 
on Hedged Item
 
Income on Hedged Item (b)
 
       
Three Months Ended March 31,
     
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
       
2011
   
2010
     
2011
   
2010
 
   
Interest expense:
           
Interest expense:
           
   
Deposits:
           
Deposits:
           
Receive fixed rate swaps
 
Institutional CDs
  $ 0.1     $ 0.4  
Institutional CDs
  $ 0.3     $ (0.0 )
Receive fixed rate swaps
 
Callable CDs
    (2.4 )     120.3  
Callable CDs
    19.6       (61.0 )
Receive fixed rate swaps
 
Brokered Bullet CDs
    (0.3 )     3.4  
Brokered Bullet CDs
    2.0       (1.7 )
   
Long-term borrowings:
               
Long-term borrowings:
               
Receive fixed rate swaps
 
FHLB advances
    0.2       4.5  
FHLB advances
    1.4       (2.9 )
Receive fixed rate swaps
 
Fixed rate bank notes
    (1.5 )     24.0  
Fixed rate bank notes
    5.9       (18.5 )
Receive fixed rate swaps
 
Medium term notes
    (0.0 )     0.1  
Medium term notes
    -       (0.1 )
   
Other
    -       -  
Other
    -       0.1  
   
Total
  $ (3.9 )   $ 152.7  
Total
  $ 29.2     $ (84.1 )

(a)  
Included in the amount of gain or (loss) recognized in income on derivative is net derivative interest income, which totaled $24.3 million and $68.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
 
The effect of cash flow hedges for the three months ended March 31, 2011 was as follows ($ in millions):
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2011
 
   
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized
 
Category of Amount Reclassified
 
Amount Reclassified from
 
Derivatives in Cash Flow
 
in OCI on Derivative
 
From Accumulated OCI into Earnings
 
Accumulated OCI into Earnings
 
Hedging Relationships
 
(Effective Portion)
 
(Effective Portion)
 
(Effective Portion)
 
   
Gross
   
Tax
   
Net
     
Gross
   
Tax
   
Net
 
Interest rate contracts
                 
Interest rate contracts
                 
Long-term borrowings:
                 
Long-term borrowings:
                 
FHLB advances
  $ 0.1     $ 0.1     $ 0.2  
FHLB advances
  $ 9.3     $ (3.5 )   $ 5.8  
Floating rate bank notes
    -       -       -  
Floating rate bank notes
    0.9       (0.3 )     0.6  
Other
    -       -       -  
Other (1)
    0.1       -       0.1  
    $ 0.1     $ 0.1     $ 0.2       $ 10.3     $ (3.8 )   $ 6.5  

(1)  
Represents amortization related to the termination of swaps.


The effect of cash flow hedges for the three months ended March 31, 2010 was as follows ($ in millions):
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2010
 
   
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized
 
Category of Amount Reclassified
 
Amount Reclassified from
 
Derivatives in Cash Flow
 
in OCI on Derivative
 
From Accumulated OCI into Earnings
 
Accumulated OCI into Earnings
 
Hedging Relationships
 
(Effective Portion)
 
(Effective Portion)
 
(Effective Portion)
 
   
Gross
   
Tax
   
Net
     
Gross
   
Tax
   
Net
 
Interest rate contracts
                 
Interest rate contracts
                 
Deposits:
                 
Deposits:
                 
Institutional CDs
  $ (3.2 )   $ 1.2     $ (2.0 )
Institutional CDs
  $ 3.2     $ (1.2 )   $ 2.0  
Long-term borrowings:
                       
Long-term borrowings:
                       
FHLB advances
    (23.3 )     8.7       (14.6 )
FHLB advances
    10.8       (4.0 )     6.8  
Floating rate bank notes
    (2.6 )     0.9       (1.7 )
Floating rate bank notes
    2.8       (1.1 )     1.7  
Other
    -       -       -  
Other (1)
    0.1       (0.0 )     0.1  
    $ (29.1 )   $ 10.8     $ (18.3 )     $ 16.9     $ (6.3 )   $ 10.6  

(1)  
Represents amortization related to the termination of swaps.

 
The gain recognized in income representing the ineffective portion of the hedging relationships and excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness was not material for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The estimated net loss to be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income related to cash flow hedges in the next twelve months is approximately $29.0 million.


 12.
Postretirement Health Plan

The Corporation sponsors a defined benefit health plan that provides health care benefits to eligible current and retired employees.  Eligibility for retiree benefits is dependent upon age, years of service, and participation in the health plan during active service.  The plan is contributory and in 1997 and 2002 the plan was amended. Employees hired after September 1, 1997, including employees retained from mergers, will be granted access to the Corporation’s plan upon becoming an eligible retiree; however, such retirees must pay 100% of the cost of health care benefits.  The plan continues to contain other cost-sharing features such as deductibles and coinsurance.
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 included the following components ($000’s):

   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Service cost
  $ 205     $ 222  
Interest cost on APBO
    770       855  
Expected return on plan assets
    (500 )     (446 )
Prior service amortization
    (560 )     (559 )
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost
  $ (85 )   $ 72  
 
Benefit payments and expenses, net of participant contributions, for the three months ended March 31, 2011 amounted to $1.2 million.

The funded status, which is the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation net of fair value of plan assets, as of March 31, 2011 is as follows ($000’s):
 
Total funded status, December 31, 2010
  $ 24,512  
Service cost
    205  
Interest cost on APBO
    770  
Expected return on plan assets
    (500 )
Employer contributions/payments
    (1,243 )
Subsidy (Medicare Part D)
    210  
Total funded status, March 31, 2011
  $ 23,954  
 
On March 23, 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (the “PPACA”) was signed into law, and, on March 30, 2010, the Health Care and Reconciliation Act of 2010 (the “HCERA” and, together with PPACA, the “Acts”), which makes various amendments to certain aspects of the PPACA, was signed into law. The Acts effectively change the income tax treatment of federal subsidies paid to sponsors of retiree health benefit plans that provide prescription drug benefits that are at least actuarially equivalent to the corresponding benefits provided under Medicare Part D. The federal subsidy paid to employers was introduced as part of the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 (the “MPDIMA”). The Corporation has been receiving the federal subsidy related to its eligible retiree prescription plan.  Under the MPDIMA, the federal subsidy does not reduce the Corporation’s income tax deduction for the costs of providing such prescription drug plans nor is it subject to income tax individually.   Under the Acts, beginning in 2013 the Corporation’s income tax deduction for the costs of providing Medicare Part D-equivalent prescription drug benefits to retirees will be reduced by the amount of the subsidy. Under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, any impact from a change in tax law must be recognized in earnings in the period enacted regardless of the effective date.  As a result, during the first quarter of 2010, the Corporation recognized a noncash charge of $4.1 million or $0.01 per diluted common share for the write-off of deferred tax assets to reflect the change in tax treatment of the federal subsidy.
 

 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
 13.
Business Segments

The Corporation’s operating segments are presented based on its management structure and management accounting practices.  The structure and practices are specific to the Corporation; therefore, the financial results of the Corporation’s business segments are not necessarily comparable with similar information for other financial institutions.

Based on the way the Corporation organizes its segments, the Corporation has determined that it has four reportable segments:  Commercial Banking, Community Banking, Wealth Management and Treasury.

Total Net interest income and Other income by type in Others consist of the following ($ in millions):
 
   
Three Months Ended
 
   
March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Capital Markets Division
  $ 10.2     $ 12.3  
National Consumer Banking Division
    27.2       36.2  
Administrative & Other
    14.6       15.0  
Others
    71.7       65.3  
Total
  $ 123.7     $ 128.8  


MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31, 2011 ($ in millions)
 
                                       
Eliminations,
       
   
Commercial
   
Community
   
Wealth
               
Corporate
   
Reclassifications
       
   
Banking
   
Banking
   
Management
   
Treasury
   
Others
   
Overhead
   
& Adjustments
   
Consolidated
 
Net interest income
  $ 213.3     $ 195.3     $ 17.3     $ (110.2 )   $ 43.3     $ (6.9 )   $ (5.4 )   $ 346.7  
Provision for loan and lease losses
    227.0       130.2       10.4       -       51.2       -       -       418.8  
Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses
    (13.7 )     65.1       6.9       (110.2 )     (7.9 )     (6.9 )     (5.4 )     (72.1 )
Other income
    23.7       45.9       75.5       10.8       80.4       28.8       (78.6 )     186.5  
Other expense
    55.3       169.5       68.2       6.6       89.6       15.4       (78.9 )     325.7  
Income (loss) before income taxes
    (45.3 )     (58.5 )     14.2       (106.0 )     (17.1 )     6.5       (5.1 )     (211.3 )
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
    (18.1 )     (23.4 )     5.2       (42.4 )     (10.6 )     (0.3 )     (5.4 )     (95.0 )
Net income (loss)
    (27.2 )     (35.1 )     9.0       (63.6 )     (6.5 )     6.8       0.3       (116.3 )
Less:  Noncontrolling interest
    -       -       -       -       -       -       (0.3 )     (0.3 )
Segment income (loss)
  $ (27.2 )   $ (35.1 )   $ 9.0     $ (63.6 )   $ (6.5 )   $ 6.8     $ -     $ (116.6 )
                                                                 
Identifiable assets
  $ 18,633.0     $ 12,917.9     $ 1,380.3     $ 10,981.8     $ 6,003.4     $ 7,000.6     $ (7,276.1 )   $ 49,640.9  
 
 

   
Three Months Ended March 31, 2010 ($ in millions)
 
                                       
Eliminations,
       
   
Commercial
   
Community
   
Wealth
               
Corporate
   
Reclassifications
       
   
Banking
   
Banking
   
Management
   
Treasury
   
Others
   
Overhead
   
& Adjustments
   
Consolidated
 
Net interest income
  $ 230.6     $ 186.2     $ 17.7     $ (74.2 )   $ 55.5     $ (6.7 )   $ (5.7 )   $ 403.4  
Provision for loan and lease losses
    223.5       133.0       12.3       -       89.3       -       -       458.1  
Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses
    7.1       53.2       5.4       (74.2 )     (33.8 )     (6.7 )     (5.7 )     (54.7 )
Other income
    21.9       86.6       69.8       21.0       73.3       34.6       (85.5 )     221.7  
Other expense
    63.0       180.3       63.2       17.6       94.2       33.2       (85.9 )     365.6  
Income (loss) before income taxes
    (34.0 )     (40.5 )     12.0       (70.8 )     (54.7 )     (5.3 )     (5.3 )     (198.6 )
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
    (13.6 )     (16.2 )     4.9       (28.3 )     (23.7 )     (1.0 )     (5.7 )     (83.6 )
Net income (loss)
    (20.4 )     (24.3 )     7.1       (42.5 )     (31.0 )     (4.3 )     0.4       (115.0 )
Less:  Noncontrolling interest
    -       -       -       -       -       -       (0.4 )     (0.4 )
Segment income (loss)
  $ (20.4 )   $ (24.3 )   $ 7.1     $ (42.5 )   $ (31.0 )   $ (4.3 )   $ -     $ (115.4 )
                                                                 
Identifiable assets
  $ 22,110.6     $ 15,549.2     $ 1,593.8     $ 10,324.0     $ 7,248.1     $ 7,864.3     $ (8,120.6 )   $ 56,569.4  

 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
 14.
Guarantees

Trust Preferred Securities

In connection with the acquisitions of Gold Banc, Trustcorp, Excel and First Indiana, the Corporation acquired all of the common interests in the trusts that issued cumulative preferred capital securities which are supported by junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures.  The full guarantees were assumed by M&I.

During the first quarter of 2011, the Corporation redeemed the $38.0 million of Gold Banc Trust IV and the $15.0 million of Trustcorp Statutory Trust I trust preferred debt securities at a loss.  The Corporation redeemed the remaining two issues of trust preferred securities in April 2011.

Securities Lending

As a part of securities custody activities and at the direction of its clients, the Corporation’s Wealth Management segment lends securities owned by its clients to borrowers who have been evaluated for credit risk in a manner similar to that employed in making lending decisions.  In connection with these activities, M&I Trust has issued an indemnification against loss resulting from the default by a borrower under the master securities loan agreement due to the failure of the borrower to return loaned securities when due.  The borrowing party is required to fully collateralize securities received with cash or marketable securities.  As securities are loaned, collateral is maintained at a minimum of 100% of the fair value of the securities plus accrued interest and the collateral is revalued on a daily basis.  The amount of securities loaned subject to indemnification was $5.3 billion at March 31, 2011, $5.4 billion at December 31, 2010 and $6.0 billion at March 31, 2010.  Because of the requirement to fully collateralize securities borrowed, management believes that exposure to credit loss from this activity is remote and there are no liabilities reflected on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2011, December 31, 2010 and March 31, 2010 related to these indemnifications.


 15.
Other Contingent Liabilities

In the normal course of business, the Corporation and its subsidiaries are routinely defendants in or parties to a number of pending and threatened legal actions, including, but not limited to, actions brought on behalf of various classes of claimants, employment matters, and challenges from tax authorities regarding the amount of taxes due.  In certain of these actions and proceedings, claims for monetary damages or adjustments to recorded tax liabilities are asserted.  In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of such matters, particularly matters that will be decided by a jury and actions that seek large damages based on novel and complex damage and liability legal theories or that involve a large number of parties, the Corporation cannot state with confidence the eventual outcome of these matters or the timing of their ultimate resolution, or estimate the possible loss or range of loss associated with them; however, based on current knowledge and after consultation with legal counsel, management does not believe that judgments or settlements in excess of amounts already reserved, if any, arising from pending or threatened legal actions, employment matters, or challenges from tax authorities, either individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position or liquidity of the Corporation, although they could have a material effect on operating results for a particular period.
 
As explained in Note 16 - Subsequent Events, in Notes to Financial Statements, the Corporation and BMO have entered into a definitive merger agreement under which BMO will acquire all outstanding shares of common stock of the Corporation in a stock-for-stock transaction, which is referred to as the “pending merger.”
 
Eight putative class action complaints have been filed in the Circuit Court of Milwaukee County, Wisconsin against the Corporation, its directors, and BMO challenging the merger:  Berens v. Marshall & Ilsley Corp., et al., Case No. 10CV021273 (filed Dec. 20, 2010); Ohlgart v. Marshall & Ilsley Corp., et al., Case No. 10CV021485 (filed Dec. 22, 2010); Sayeg v. Marshall & Ilsley Corp., et al., Case No. 10CV021622 (filed Dec. 22, 2010); Schindler v. Marshall & Ilsley Corp., et al., Case No. 10CV021528 (filed Dec. 27, 2010); Stadler v. Marshall & Ilsley Corp., et al., Case No. 10CV021676 (filed Dec. 28, 2010); Onwudebe v. Marshall & Ilsley Corp., et al., Case No. 10CV021742 (filed Dec. 28, 2010); Anthony v. Marshall & Ilsley Corp., et al., Case No. 11CV000338 (filed Jan. 6, 2011); and Drummond v. Marshall & Ilsley Corp., et al., Case No. 11CV000380 (filed Jan. 7, 2011).  Each of these complaints names the Corporation and the members of the Corporation’s board of directors as defendants and alleges that the Corporation’s directors breached their fiduciary duties to the Corporation’s shareholders by approving the merger following a flawed process that resulted in an unfair price to the Corporation’s shareholders.  The complaints also variously allege that the directors approved provisions in the merger agreement and the related stock option agreement that constitute impermissible deal protection devices and that certain officers and directors of the Corporation will receive personal benefits from the merger not shared in by other shareholders of the Corporation.  Each of the complaints except the Onwudebe action also names BMO as a defendant and alleges that BMO aided and abetted the alleged breach of fiduciary duty.  In addition, the Anthony action names Gregory A. Smith, the Corporation’s Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, as a defendant and alleges that Mr. Smith breached fiduciary duties to the Corporation’s shareholders.  On February 10, 2011, the Schindler and Sayeg plaintiffs filed amended complaints, and on February 14, 2011, the Berens plaintiff filed an amended complaint.  The amended complaints all add allegations that the registration statement on Form F-4 in connection with the pending merger contains materially misleading misrepresentations and/or omissions.  On April 6, 2011, the Wisconsin state court issued its order to consolidate the eight actions and appointed the counsel for the plaintiffs.
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
Two putative class actions challenging the merger have also been filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin:  Fruchter v. Marshall & Ilsley Corp., et al., No. 10-cv-01157 (filed Dec. 22, 2010), and Folisi v. Marshall & Ilsley Corp., et al., No. 11-cv-00025 (filed Jan. 11, 2011).  These complaints allege that the Corporation and its directors breached fiduciary duties to the Corporation’s shareholders by approving the merger following a flawed process that resulted in an unfair price to the Corporation’s shareholders and that the merger will result in personal benefits to certain directors and officers of the Corporation.  The complaints further allege that BMO aided and abetted these alleged breaches.  On March 15, 2011, the federal court consolidated the Fruchter and Folisi actions into a single proceeding.  An amended complaint was filed in the Folisi action on April 5, 2011 adding claims that allege inadequate disclosures regarding the merger agreement, the transactions contemplated thereby and the process leading up to the execution of the merger agreement and in the preliminary prospectus/proxy statement that are part of the registration statement on Form F-4.
 
All ten lawsuits seek, among other things, to enjoin completion of the merger and an award of costs and attorneys’ fees.  Certain of the actions also seek the imposition of a constructive trust for benefits allegedly improperly received by the defendants and/or an accounting of damages sustained as a result of the alleged breaches of fiduciary duty.
 
At this stage of the lawsuits described above, it is not possible for management of the Corporation to assess the probability of a material adverse outcome or reasonably estimate the amount of any potential loss at this time. The Corporation intends to vigorously defend these lawsuits.
 
In April 2010, two substantially identical putative class action lawsuits were filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin against the Corporation, the M&I Retirement Plan Investment Committee, and certain of the Corporation’s officers and directors.  The lawsuits were purportedly filed on behalf of M&I Retirement Program, three other retirement savings plans and a class of former and current participants in those plans, relating to the holdings of Corporation common stock during the period from November 10, 2006 to December 17, 2009.  The complaints, which were consolidated into a single complaint in July 2010, allege breaches of fiduciary duties in violation of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) relating to Corporation common stock being offered as an investment alternative for participants in the retirement plans and seek monetary damages.  At this early stage of the lawsuit, it is not possible for management of the Corporation to assess the probability of a material adverse outcome or reasonably estimate the amount of any potential loss at this time. The Corporation intends to vigorously defend this lawsuit.
 
 
MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
Notes to Financial Statements - Continued
March 31, 2011 & 2010 (Unaudited)
 
In June 2010, M&I Marshall & Ilsley Bank ("M&I Bank") was named as a defendant in a putative class action alleging that M&I Bank’s posting of debit card transactions is a breach of the implied obligation of good faith and fair dealing, is a breach of the Wisconsin Consumer Act, is unconscionable, constitutes conversion, and unjustly enriches the Corporation. The plaintiffs allege that the daily high to low postings of debit card entries, rather than chronological postings, results in excessive overdraft fees.  The plaintiffs seek to represent a nationwide class for all of the claims except that involving the Wisconsin Consumer Act, for which it seeks to represent a class of Wisconsin customers of M&I Bank. The lawsuit, while initially filed in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida, has been transferred for pretrial purposes in a multi-district litigation (“MDL”) proceeding in the Southern District of Florida, in which numerous other putative class actions against financial institutions asserting similar claims are pending.  The consolidation in the MDL is for pre-trial discovery and motion proceedings.  M&I Bank filed a motion to compel the two plaintiffs to arbitrate the dispute.  This motion was denied in an order dated April 7, 2011, and M&I Bank has appealed the order.  At this stage of the lawsuit, it is not possible for management of the Corporation to assess the probability of a material adverse outcome or reasonably estimate the amount of any potential loss at this time.  M&I Bank intends to vigorously defend this lawsuit.
 

 16.
Subsequent Events

On December 17, 2010, the Corporation and BMO entered into a definitive merger agreement pursuant to which BMO will acquire all outstanding shares of common stock of the Corporation in a stock-for-stock transaction, which is referred to as the “pending merger.”  The pending merger is expected to close prior to July 31, 2011, subject to customary closing conditions, including regulatory approvals and approval by the Corporation’s shareholders.
 
The registration statement on Form F-4 filed with the SEC by BMO in connection with the pending merger was declared effective by the SEC as of April 8, 2011.  The definitive proxy statement/prospectus relating to the pending merger was filed by both BMO and the Corporation on April 12, 2011, and was first mailed to the Corporation’s shareholders on or about April 14, 2011.
 
The special meeting of the Corporation’s shareholders, at which the Corporation’s shareholders will vote on the approval of the merger agreement and the transactions it contemplates, as well as a proposal to adjourn the special meeting, if necessary or appropriate, to solicit additional proxies if there are not sufficient votes to approve the merger agreement proposal, is scheduled to take place on May 17, 2011.  The Corporation’s board of directors fixed the close of business on April 11, 2011 as the record date for determining the holders of the Corporation’s common stock entitled to receive notice of and to vote at the special meeting.
 
On April 26, 2011, the Corporation announced that its Board of Directors declared a second quarter cash dividend of $0.01 per share on its common stock.  The dividend is payable on May 27, 2011 to common stock shareholders of record as of the close of business on May 12, 2011.

In addition, the Board of Directors declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $21.4 million in the aggregate on its Senior Preferred Stock, Series B.  The Senior Preferred Stock, Series B was purchased by the U.S. Treasury as part of the U.S. Treasury’s Capital Purchase Program.  The Preferred Stock dividend is payable on May 16, 2011.

Consistent with the Corporation’s stated goal of improving its funding profile, on April 1, 2011, the Corporation repaid $1.7 billion of brokered money market deposits. This transaction enabled the Corporation to redeploy its excess liquidity and is expected to improve its funding profile and future profitability.  No gain or loss was recognized in this transaction.

 

ITEM 2.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED AVERAGE BALANCE SHEETS
($000’s)


   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Assets
           
Cash and due from banks
  $ 563,303     $ 687,090  
Trading assets
    241,531       252,948  
Short-term investments
    2,805,455       1,721,227  
Investment securities:
               
Taxable
    5,991,219       6,551,152  
Tax-exempt
    804,968       902,793  
Total investment securities
    6,796,187       7,453,945  
Loans and leases:
               
Loans and leases, net of unearned income
    36,409,989       43,533,538  
Allowance for loan and lease losses
    (1,389,746 )     (1,535,406 )
Net loans and leases
    35,020,243       41,998,132  
Premises and equipment, net
    525,089       562,873  
Accrued interest and other assets
    4,555,145       4,417,793  
Total Assets
  $ 50,506,953     $ 57,094,008  
                 
Liabilities and Equity
               
Deposits:
               
Noninterest bearing
  $ 8,255,452     $ 7,819,285  
Interest bearing
    29,611,143       34,091,210  
Total deposits
    37,866,595       41,910,495  
Federal funds purchased and security repurchase agreements
    263,529       714,312  
Other short-term borrowings
    12,125       300,591  
Long-term borrowings
    5,013,646       6,231,918  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    966,108       927,298  
Total Liabilities
    44,122,003       50,084,614  
Equity
               
Marshall & Ilsley Corporation shareholders' equity
    6,373,964       6,998,186  
Noncontrolling interest in subsidiaries
    10,986       11,208  
Total Equity
    6,384,950       7,009,394  
Total Liabilities and Equity
  $ 50,506,953     $ 57,094,008  
 
 
 
OVERVIEW

On December 17, 2010, the Corporation and BMO Financial Group (“BMO” or “Bank of Montreal”) announced that they had entered into a definitive merger agreement (the “agreement”) under which BMO will acquire all outstanding shares of common stock of the Corporation in a stock-for-stock transaction.  The transaction, which has been approved by the Corporation’s Board of Directors and the Board of Directors of BMO, is expected to close prior to July 31, 2011 subject to customary closing conditions, including regulatory approvals and approval by the Corporation’s shareholders.
 
Under the terms of the agreement, each outstanding share of the Corporation’s common stock will be exchanged for 0.1257 shares of common stock of Bank of Montreal upon closing.
 
As part of the agreement, BMO will purchase the Corporation’s Senior Preferred Stock, Series B (the “Senior Preferred Stock”) issued to the United States Department of Treasury (the “UST”) in the fourth quarter of 2008 under the UST’s Capital Purchase Program (the “CPP”) at par plus accrued interest , with full repayment to the UST immediately prior to closing.  The Corporation’s existing stock purchase warrant held by the UST will also be purchased by BMO.
 
Pursuant to the agreement, the Corporation redeemed all four of its outstanding issues of junior preferred debt securities (trust preferred securities) as of May 10, 2011.
 
In connection with the agreement, the Corporation issued to BMO an option, exercisable under certain circumstances, to purchase up to 19.7% of the Corporation’s common stock.
 
A registration statement on Form F-4 was filed with the SEC by BMO in connection with the pending merger and was declared effective by the SEC as of April 8, 2011.  The definitive proxy statement/prospectus relating to the pending merger was filed by both BMO and the Corporation on April 12, 2011, and was first mailed to the Corporation’s shareholders on or about April 14, 2011.
 
The special meeting of the Corporation’s shareholders, at which the Corporation’s shareholders will vote on the approval of the merger agreement and the transactions it contemplates, as well as a proposal to adjourn the special meeting, if necessary or appropriate, to solicit additional proxies if there are not sufficient votes to approve the merger agreement proposal, is scheduled to take place on May 17, 2011.  The Corporation’s board of directors fixed the close of business on April 11, 2011 as the record date for determining the holders of the Corporation’s common stock entitled to receive notice of and to vote at the special meeting.
 
For the three months ended March 31, 2011, the net loss attributable to the Corporation’s common shareholders amounted to $142.0 million or $0.27 per diluted common share compared to the net loss attributable to the Corporation’s common shareholders of $140.5 million or $0.27 per diluted common share for the three months ended March 31, 2010.

The net loss attributable to the Corporation’s common shareholders for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 includes $25.4 million and $25.2 million, or $0.05 per diluted common share in each respective period for dividends on the Senior Preferred Stock.

Credit quality-related charges continued to be the primary driver of the Corporation’s financial performance in each of the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010.  For the three months ended March 31, 2011, the provision for loan and lease losses amounted to $418.8 million, which on an after-tax basis was approximately $263.8 million or $0.50 per diluted common share.  By comparison, the provision for loan and lease losses in the first quarter of 2010 amounted to $458.1 million, which on an after-tax basis was approximately $288.6 million or $0.55 per diluted common share.  On a linked-quarter basis, the provision for loan and lease losses in the first quarter of 2011 declined $10.3 million or 2.4% compared to the fourth quarter of 2010.

Net gains and losses associated with loans available for sale (other than mortgage loans originated for sale) are reported in other income in the Consolidated Statements of Income. For the three months ended March 31, 2011, net gains amounted to $0.7 million, which, on an after-tax basis, was approximately $0.4 million.  By comparison, net losses, which primarily consisted of write-downs associated with loans available for sale, amounted to $7.2 million, which on an after-tax basis, was approximately $4.6 million, or $0.01 per diluted common share for the three months ended March 31, 2010.

 
 
 
Nonaccrual loans and leases, which the Corporation refers to as nonperforming loans, decreased $375.3 million or 19.2% at March 31, 2011 compared to March 31, 2010. The reported amount of nonperforming loans was relatively unchanged at March 31, 2011 compared to December 31, 2010. The highest reported point of nonperforming loans at any quarter-end in the prior two years was $2,416.1 million at June 30, 2009.  Since June 30, 2009, nonperforming loans declined $837.6 million or 34.7% and amounted to $1,578.5 million at March 31, 2011.  The elevated levels of nonperforming loans reflect the elevated levels of unemployment and the weak national real estate markets.  In addition, the amount of impairment, which affects charge-offs and the level of the allowance for loans and leases, remained elevated due to the depressed state of underlying real estate collateral values.

The amount of loans and leases that went into nonperforming status in the first quarter of 2011 amounted to $789.6 million. Commercial real estate loans and loans to bank holding companies represented approximately 47.6% of the total loans that were transferred from accruing status to nonperforming status during the first quarter of 2011. The amount of loans and leases that went into nonperforming status amounted to $637.6 million in the fourth quarter of 2010 and $674.0 million in the first quarter of 2010.

Loans past due 30-89 days, excluding credit card loans, student loans and loans in nonperforming status, which the Corporation refers to as “early stage delinquencies”, decreased $92.5 million or 17.3% at March 31, 2011 compared to March 31, 2010 but increased $9.7 million or 2.2% compared to December 31, 2010.  At March 31, 2011, early stage delinquencies were 1.3% of total loans and leases compared to 1.2% at December 31, 2010.

The Corporation continued to employ a variety of strategies to mitigate and reduce its loan loss exposures such as loan sales and restructuring loan terms to lessen the financial stress and the probability of foreclosure for qualifying customers that have demonstrated the capacity and ability to repay their debt obligations in a manner that serves the best interests of both the customer and the Corporation.

Accruing renegotiated loans amounted to $514.9 million at March 31, 2011 compared to $548.4 million at December 31, 2010, a decrease of $33.5 million or 6.1%. That decrease reflects, in part, the impact of the annual transfer of certain accruing renegotiated loans to performing status which was offset by new loans classified as accruing renegotiated loans.

The allowance for loan and lease losses amounted to $1,374.1 million or 3.91% of total loans and leases outstanding at March 31, 2011 compared to $1,387.6 million or 3.75% at December 31, 2010 and $1,515.2 million or 3.55% at March 31, 2010.  Net charge-offs amounted to $432.3 million or 4.82% of average loans and leases for the three months ended March 31, 2011 compared to $429.7 million or 4.40% of average loans and leases for the three months ended December 31, 2010 and $423.4 million or 3.94% of average loans and leases for the three months ended March 31, 2010.  On a linked-quarter basis, the amount of net charge-offs reported for the first quarter of 2011 was relatively unchanged compared to the fourth quarter of 2010.

Net interest income contracted 6.4% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the fourth quarter of 2010 and contracted 14.1% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010. The net interest income benefit from the growth in transaction deposits, favorable shift in deposit types and lower term funding costs were more than offset by continued loan contraction, lower yields on new investment securities that replaced investment securities sold at a gain throughout 2010 and maintenance of higher balances in cash and lower yielding short-term investments.

Sales growth in both personal and institutional trust business lines resulted in higher wealth management revenue in the three months ended March 31, 2011 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2010 as well as on a linked-quarter basis.

During the first quarter of 2011, the Corporation realized gains on private equity investments that are included in Net investment securities gains for the three months ended March 31, 2011. During the first quarter of 2010, the Corporation sold its merchant portfolio processing at a gain. This gain is reported as Sale of merchant portfolio processing in the Corporation’s Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2010. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2010 also reflect the extinguishment of existing long-term borrowings at a gain.  This gain is reported in Gain on termination of debt in the Corporation’s Consolidated Statements of Income.

 
 
 
Noninterest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and the three months ended March 31, 2010 remained at elevated levels due to the increased costs associated with collection efforts and carrying nonperforming assets.

The estimated expense associated with collection efforts and carrying nonperforming assets, net of related revenue, amounted to $27.1 million for the first quarter of 2011, $44.5 million for the fourth quarter of 2010 and $40.4 million for the first quarter of 2010. On an after-tax basis, that net expense amounted to $17.1 million or $0.03 per diluted common share in the first quarter of 2011, $28.0 million or $0.05 per diluted common share in the fourth quarter of 2010 and $25.5 million or $0.05 per diluted common share in the first quarter of 2010.  The decrease in net expense associated with collection efforts and carrying nonperforming assets in the three comparative periods was primarily due to improved results from the sale of other real estate owned (“OREO”) and lower post-transfer write-downs on OREO.

During the first quarter of 2011 the Corporation redeemed two of its four outstanding issues of trust preferred debt securities at a loss. The loss is reported in Other expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income as Loss on Termination of Debt for the three months ended March 31, 2011.

In conjunction with its activities to re-align the Corporation’s funding profile, during 2010 the Corporation selectively exercised its call option associated with brokered certificates of deposit (“CDs”) to redeem those CDs at par.  In conjunction with these activities, the Corporation incurred a non-cash charge to write-off the unamortized issuance costs attributable to those brokered CDs that were redeemed.  The loss is reported in Other expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income as Loss on brokered CDs for the three months ended March 31, 2010.

At March 31, 2011, the Corporation’s Tier 1 regulatory capital ratio was 10.95%, or $1.9 billion in excess of well capitalized under the Federal Reserve Board’s regulatory framework.  To be well capitalized under the regulatory framework, the Tier 1 capital ratio must meet or exceed 6%.


FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report contains statements that may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the safe-harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, such as statements other than historical facts contained or incorporated by reference in this report.  These forward-looking statements include statements with respect to the Corporation’s financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance and business, including statements preceded by, followed by or that include the words “believes,” “expects,” or “anticipates,” references to estimates or similar expressions.  Future filings by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and future statements other than historical facts contained in written material, press releases and oral statements issued by, or on behalf of, M&I may also constitute forward-looking statements.

All forward-looking statements contained in this report or which may be contained in future statements made for or on behalf of the Corporation are based upon information available at the time the statement is made and the Corporation assumes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements, except as required by federal securities law.  Forward-looking statements are subject to significant risks and uncertainties, and the Corporation’s actual results may differ materially from the expected results discussed in such forward-looking statements.  Factors that might cause actual results to differ from the results discussed in forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the risk factors in Item 1A, Risk Factors in the Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 and as may be described from time to time in the Corporation’s subsequent SEC filings.
 
 

 
THE DODD-FRANK WALL STREET REFORM AND CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT
 
The Dodd-Frank Act was signed into law on July 21, 2010.  Since the Dodd-Frank Act calls for federal regulatory agencies to adopt almost 250 new rules and conduct more than 60 studies over the next several years in order to implement its provisions, the ultimate impact of the legislation on the Corporation will not be known for many months or years.  However, since many of the provisions apply to “systemically important” companies, including the Corporation, the Corporation will be subject to substantial new requirements and enhanced regulatory oversight. Management expects the impact of the new requirements on the Corporation to be significant.
 
The following summary is intended only to highlight those provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act that the Corporation believes will have the most significant potential impact on the Corporation and its operations in the future.  The summary does not describe every provision of the Dodd-Frank Act that may in any way affect the Corporation, and is not intended to provide a summary of the legislation in its entirety.
 
Key provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act that are likely to affect the Corporation, M&I Bank and its other subsidiaries in the near- and long-term include:
 
Changes in FDIC insurance.  The Dodd-Frank Act increases the FDIC’s minimum ratio of reserves to insured deposits and changes how deposit insurance premium assessments from the FDIC are calculated through provisions specifically designed to capture more deposit insurance premium income from the larger U.S. banks.  These provisions will lead to higher FDIC insurance premiums for M&I Bank for the foreseeable future.  The legislation also permanently increases federal deposit insurance coverage to $250,000.
 
Debit card transaction interchange fees.  The Dodd-Frank Act directs the Federal Reserve to issue rules to ensure that small businesses and other merchants are charged only an amount “reasonable and proportional” to the cost incurred by payment processors and issuers of debit cards.  These rules are likely to have a negative impact on M&I Bank’s debit card interchange fee income, though the extent of any such impact will not be known until the rules are issued.
 
Proprietary trading restrictions.  With certain exceptions, the Dodd-Frank Act prohibits insured depositary institutions and their parent holding companies (including the Corporation and its banking subsidiaries) from engaging in proprietary trading, except for limited purposes, and from owning equity interests in private equity and hedge funds beyond a de minimis amount not exceeding 3% of the bank’s Tier 1 capital.  The Corporation, M&I Bank and its other subsidiaries engage in only a de minimis amount of proprietary trading, and the Corporation’s investments in private equity and hedge funds are not expected to be affected by the 3% de minimis threshold, depending upon how the threshold is ultimately calculated based on the forthcoming regulations.
 
Regulation of derivatives.  The Dodd-Frank Act imposes significant restrictions on the trading of derivatives, and provides for increased regulation by the SEC and the Commodities Futures Trading Commission of the over-the-counter derivative market.  The Dodd-Frank Act will require bank holding companies to spin off certain riskier derivative trading activities to separately capitalized affiliates, while continuing to authorize perceived lower-risk derivative activities by banks to the extent these activities qualify as risk mitigating activities directly related to the bank’s activities.  The Corporation does not currently expect these provisions to have a significant impact on its operations, though they may limit potential areas of expansion by the Corporation’s banking subsidiaries of their derivative activities, products and services.
 
Bank capital.  The Collins Amendment in the Dodd-Frank Act affects the capital requirements for commercial banks, and includes a phased-in exclusion of trust preferred securities as an element of Tier 1 capital for certain bank holding companies.  Bank holding companies such as the Corporation with total assets of $15 billion or more have three years to phase-out trust preferred securities from their Tier 1 capital, beginning January 1, 2013.  At May 10, 2011, the Corporation had no trust preferred securities outstanding.  Preferred stock issued to the U.S. Treasury under the Capital Purchase program is exempt from the Collins Amendment and is permanently includible in Tier 1 capital for all bank holding companies.
 
 
 
Minimum Leverage and Risk-Based Capital Requirements.  The Dodd-Frank Act mandates federal banking agencies to establish new minimum leverage and risk-based capital requirements for banks, bank holding companies, and “systemically important” non-banking companies.  These new requirements must be established within 18 months of the Dodd-Frank Act’s effective date.  While the Dodd-Frank Act does not provide any specific guidance on what the new capital levels should be, the law does provide that the capital levels currently in force should serve as a floor for any new capital requirements. Further, “systemically important companies,” including the Corporation, will be stressed-tested at least annually by the Federal Reserve. Accordingly, the Corporation expects that these new “prudential standards” and stress-testing exercises will lead to higher capital requirements in the future.  The new law further mandates regulators to adapt capital requirements as banks grow in size or engage in riskier activities, and codifies for the first time the requirement imposed by bank regulators that a bank holding company must serve as a “source of strength” or provider of funds to its subsidiary depository institutions, if those funds are ever needed.
 
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.  The Dodd-Frank Act establishes the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (“CFPB”) as a new independent executive agency within the Federal Reserve, empowered with broad authority to regulate the offering and provision of consumer financial products and services.  The CFPB will have primary examination and enforcement authority over all insured banks with more than $10 billion in assets, including their affiliates, and will become the one central federal regulator with consolidated consumer protection authority for such banks.  The CFPB will have authority to require reports and conduct examinations of the largest depository institutions to assess compliance with federal consumer financial laws, to obtain information about activities and compliance systems, and to detect and assess risks to consumers and markets for consumer financial products and services.
 
The Dodd-Frank Act also directs the CFPB to prevent persons from engaging in or committing an unfair, deceptive or abusive act or practice in connection with a transaction with a consumer for a consumer financial product or service, or the offering thereof, to ensure that “fair disclosures” are provided to consumers, and that information relevant to the purchase of consumer products or services is disclosed to the consumer in plain language in a manner that permits consumers to understand the costs, benefits, and risks associated with the product or service.
 
Generally, the Corporation believes that its compliance costs and burdens will increase substantially as a result of the creation of the CFPB and the new rules it is expected to implement for consumer financial products and services.
 
Insurance for noninterest-bearing transaction accounts.  Under the Dodd-Frank Act, beginning December 31, 2010 (the scheduled termination date for the TAGP) and continuing through January 1, 2013, all funds held in noninterest-bearing transaction accounts will be fully guaranteed by the FDIC for the full amount of the account.  However, this unlimited insurance coverage will not extend to Interest on Lawyer Trust Accounts or minimal interest-bearing NOW accounts, which are currently covered under TAGP.
 
Corporate governance and executive compensation.  The Dodd-Frank Act contains a number of provisions relating to corporate governance and executive compensation practices and disclosure.  These include, among others, “say on pay,” which is a nonbinding shareholder vote on executive compensation; disclosure of so-called golden parachute arrangements; clawback provisions to recover erroneously awarded executive compensation; provisions relating to the independence and composition of compensation committees; and provisions requiring disclosure of the relationship between executive compensation and company performance, and the ratio of mean employee compensation to CEO compensation.  The specific details of most of these requirements will be set forth in rules to be issued by the SEC in the next 12 months.  The Corporation will take any necessary actions to comply with the applicable requirements as they become final.

 
 
 
OTHER NOTEWORTHY TRANSACTIONS AND EVENTS

Some of the other more noteworthy transactions and events that occurred in the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 consisted of the following:

First Quarter 2011

During the first quarter of 2011, the Corporation redeemed the $38.0 million of Gold Banc Trust IV and the $15.0 million of Trustcorp Statutory Trust I trust preferred debt securities at a loss.  The securities were redeemed pursuant to the merger agreement with BMO, which requires the Corporation to redeem all four of its outstanding issues of junior preferred debt securities (trust preferred securities) prior to the closing of the merger with BMO. The Corporation redeemed the remaining two issues of trust preferred securities in April 2011. The loss on the trust preferred securities redeemed during the first quarter of 2011 amounted to $0.8 million and is reported in Other expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income as Loss on Termination of Debt. On an after-tax basis, the loss amounted to $0.5 million.

First Quarter 2010

During the first quarter of 2010, the Corporation sold its merchant portfolio processing.  Like other bank holding companies, the Corporation determined that processing, clearing, settlement and related services with respect to credit card and debit card transactions with merchants was not a material source of revenue or part of the Corporation’s core operating activities.  The gain which is reported in Other Income as Sale of merchant portfolio processing in the Consolidated Statements of Income amounted to $48.3 million which, on an after-tax basis, amounted to $30.4 million or $0.06 per diluted common share.

During the first quarter of 2010, health care reform legislation was enacted.  Among other matters, this legislation contained provisions that affected the accounting for retiree prescription drug coverage.  The reported benefit for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2010 includes an incremental income tax expense of $4.1 million or $0.01 per diluted common share that was recorded for the write-off of deferred tax assets to reflect the change in the tax treatment of the Medicare Part D federal subsidy as a result of that enacted legislation.


NET INTEREST INCOME

Net interest income is the difference between interest income on interest earning assets and interest expense on interest bearing liabilities.

Net interest income for the first quarter of 2011 amounted to $346.7 million compared to $403.5 million reported for the first quarter of 2010, a decrease of $56.8 million or 14.1%.  The benefits from growth in transaction deposits,  the favorable shift in deposit types and lower term funding costs were more than offset by the continued contraction in loan balances, elevated levels of nonperforming assets, maintenance of higher balances in cash and lower yielding short-term investments and reduced yields on new investment securities that replaced investment securities sold at a gain throughout 2010.

Average interest earning assets amounted to $46.3 billion for the first quarter of 2011, a decrease of $6.7 billion or 12.7% compared to the first quarter of 2010.  Average loans and leases decreased $7.1 billion or 16.4% and average investment securities decreased $0.7 billion or 8.8% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010.  Average short-term investments increased $1.1 billion in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010.  Average trading assets were relatively unchanged in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010.

Average interest bearing liabilities amounted to $34.9 billion for the first quarter of 2011, a decrease of $6.4 billion or 15.6% compared to the first quarter of 2010.  Average interest bearing deposits decreased $4.5 billion or 13.1% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010.  That decline reflects, in part the effect of the selective redemption of brokered CDs throughout 2010.  Average short-term borrowings decreased $0.7 billion or 72.8% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the same period in 2010.  Average long-term borrowings decreased $1.2 billion or 19.6% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010.  In addition to borrowings that had matured, the decline in average long-term borrowings reflects the effect of the acquisition and extinguishment of long-term borrowings throughout 2010 at a net gain.
 
 

 
Average noninterest bearing deposits increased approximately $0.4 billion or 5.6% in the three months ended March 31, 2011 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2010.


Loans and Leases

The growth and composition of the Corporation’s quarterly average loan and lease portfolio for the current quarter and previous four quarters are reflected in the following table ($ in millions):

Consolidated Average Loans and Leases


   
2011
   
2010
   
Growth Percent
 
   
First
Quarter
   
Fourth
Quarter
   
Third
Quarter
   
Second
Quarter
   
First
Quarter
   
Annual
   
Prior
Quarter
 
Commercial:
                                         
Commercial
  $ 11,170     $ 11,334     $ 11,645     $ 11,877     $ 12,225       (8.6 ) %     (1.4 ) %
Commercial lease financing
    413       430       438       449       462       (10.6 )     (4.0 )
Total commercial loans and leases
    11,583       11,764       12,083       12,326       12,687       (8.7 )     (1.5 )
                                                         
Real estate:
                                                       
                                                         
Commercial real estate
    12,330       12,821       13,137       13,485       13,587       (9.3 )     (3.8 )
                                                         
Residential real estate
    4,192       4,491       4,603       4,752       4,868       (13.9 )     (6.7 )
                                                         
Construction and development:
                                                       
Commercial construction
    1,020       1,348       1,866       2,175       2,392       (57.3 )     (24.3 )
Commercial land
    678       696       710       799       859       (21.1 )     (2.6 )
Construction by developers
    182       234       289       343       398       (54.3 )     (22.4 )
Residential land
    1,027       1,119       1,228       1,363       1,526       (32.7 )     (8.3 )
Construction by individuals
    63       78       107       151       254       (75.2 )     (19.2 )
Total construction and development
    2,970       3,475       4,200       4,831       5,429       (45.3 )     (14.5 )
Total real estate
    19,492       20,787       21,940       23,068       23,884       (18.4 )     (6.2 )
                                                         
Consumer loans and leases:
                                                       
Home equity loans and lines of credit
    4,129       4,292       4,417       4,529       4,645       (11.1 )     (3.8 )
Other personal loans
    1,137       1,817       2,078       2,119       2,185       (48.0 )     (37.4 )
Personal lease financing
    69       84       100       115       133       (48.1 )     (17.9 )
Total consumer loans and leases
    5,335       6,193       6,595       6,763       6,963       (23.4 )     (13.9 )
                                                         
Total consolidated average loans and leases
  $ 36,410     $ 38,744     $ 40,618     $ 42,157     $ 43,534       (16.4 ) %     (6.0 ) %
                                                         
Total consolidated average loans and leases excluding total construction and development
  $ 33,440     $ 35,269     $ 36,418     $ 37,326     $ 38,105       (12.2 ) %     (5.2 ) %


Total consolidated average loans and leases decreased approximately $2.3 billion or 6.0% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the fourth quarter of 2010.  Compared to the first quarter of 2010, average loans and leases decreased $7.1 billion or 16.4%.
 
Total average commercial loans and leases declined $1.1 billion or 8.7% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010.  Commercial customers appear to still be focused on expense management and debt reduction by delaying capital expenditures and reducing working capital demand.  Compared to the fourth quarter of 2010, total average commercial loans and leases decreased $0.2 billion or 1.5%. That linked quarter decrease in average commercial loans and leases is the lowest linked quarter decline in average commercial loans and leases since the second quarter in 2009. Commercial loan and lease balances and the demand for new credit will depend on the pace and strength of economic improvement.  At March 31, 2011, commercial loans held for sale amounted to $20.1 million.
 
 

 
Total average commercial real estate loans decreased $1.3 billion or 9.3% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010. Compared to the fourth quarter of 2010, total average commercial real estate loans decreased $0.5 billion or 3.8%.  The Corporation continues to experience declines in new commercial real estate development originations and expects this trend to continue.  As a result of that reduced demand, normal payment activity, loan sales and charge-offs, commercial real estate loans are expected to continue to contract.  Commercial real estate loans held for sale amounted to $26.8 million at March 31, 2011.

Total average residential real estate loans declined $0.7 billion or 13.9% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010.  Compared to the fourth quarter of 2010, total average residential real estate loans decreased $0.3 billion or 6.7%. During the first quarter of 2011, the Corporation sold over 92% of its residential real estate  loan production to the secondary market.  For each of the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, residential real estate loans sold to investors amounted to $0.4 billion.  At March 31, 2011, the Corporation had approximately $16.2 million of residential mortgage loans held for sale.  Gains from the sale of residential mortgage loans amounted to $7.1 million in the first quarter of 2011 compared to $5.7 million in the first quarter of 2010.  As a result of selling the majority of new production and normal payment activity, residential real estate loans are expected to continue to contract.

Total average construction and development loans declined $2.5 billion or 45.3% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 and declined $0.5 billion or 14.5% compared to the fourth quarter of 2010.  The decrease in construction and development loans has been due to payments, transfers to other loan types when projects are completed, loan sales and charge-offs.  At March 31, 2011, the Corporation had approximately $65.6 million of construction and development loans held for sale.  Given market conditions and the lack of new originations, construction and development loans are expected to continue to contract.  Construction and development loans amounted to $2.6 billion at March 31, 2011, which were 7.5% of total loans and leases outstanding at that date.

Total average consumer loans and leases declined $1.6 billion or 23.4% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010.  Average home equity loans and lines of credit declined $0.5 billion or 11.1% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010.  Average consumer auto loans decreased $0.9 billion or 76.2% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 and decreased $0.6 billion or 69.9% compared to the fourth quarter of 2010. The decline in average consumer auto loans in the first quarter of 2011 reflects the effect of the sale of $0.9 billion of consumer auto loans in December 2010 at a gain.  Average auto leases, student loans and other consumer loans decreased $0.7 billion or 13.5% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010.  Credit card loans averaged $0.3 billion in the first quarter of 2011 and were relatively unchanged compared to average credit card loans in the first quarter of 2010 and the fourth quarter of 2010.  Credit card loans are not a significant component of the Corporation’s loan and lease portfolio.
 
 

 
Deposits

The growth and composition of the Corporation’s quarterly average deposits for the current and previous four quarters are as follows ($ in millions):

Consolidated Average Deposits


   
2011
   
2010
   
Growth Percent
 
   
First
Quarter
   
Fourth
Quarter
   
Third
Quarter
   
Second
Quarter
   
First
Quarter
   
Annual
   
Prior
Quarter
 
Noninterest bearing:
                                         
Commercial
  $ 6,077     $ 6,095     $ 5,761     $ 5,947     $ 5,934       2.4 %     (0.3 ) %
Personal
    1,176       1,107       1,057       1,090       1,035       13.6       6.2  
Other
    1,002       919       764       888       850       17.9       9.0  
Total noninterest bearing
    8,255       8,121       7,582       7,925       7,819       5.6       1.7  
                                                         
Interest bearing:
                                                       
Savings and NOW
                                                       
Savings
    1,297       2,110       2,324       2,666       2,579       (49.7 )     (38.5 )
NOW
    2,770       2,831       2,714       4,167       4,575       (39.5 )     (2.2 )
Brokered NOW
    39       39       50       77       73       (46.6 )     -  
Total savings and NOW
    4,106       4,980       5,088       6,910       7,227       (43.2 )     (17.6 )
                                                         
Money market
                                                       
Money market index
    6,549       6,310       6,617       6,798       6,783       (3.4 )     3.8  
Money market savings
    5,559       5,241       3,864       1,599       987       463.2       6.1  
Brokered money market
    4,161       4,105       4,040       4,288       4,166       (0.1 )     1.4  
Total money market
    16,269       15,656       14,521       12,685       11,936       36.3       3.9  
                                                         
Time
                                                       
CDs $100,000 and over
                                                       
Large CDs
    1,952       2,023       2,115       2,217       2,505       (22.1 )     (3.5 )
Brokered CDs
    2,515       2,855       4,649       6,171       6,853       (63.3 )     (11.9 )
Total CDs $100,000 and over
    4,467       4,878       6,764       8,388       9,358       (52.3 )     (8.4 )
                                                         
Other CDs and time
                                                       
Brokered CDs
    2       5       12       24       42       (95.2 )     (60.6 )
Other CDs and time
    4,614       4,723       4,865       5,028       5,280       (12.6 )     (2.3 )
Total other CDs and time
    4,616       4,728       4,877       5,052       5,322       (13.3 )     (2.4 )
Total time
    9,083       9,606       11,641       13,440       14,680       (38.1 )     (5.4 )
                                                         
Foreign
                                                       
Foreign activity
    154       196       208       214       248       (37.9 )     (21.4 )
Total foreign
    154       196       208       214       248       (37.9 )     (21.4 )
                                                         
Total interest bearing
    29,612       30,438       31,458       33,249       34,091       (13.1 )     (2.7 )
Total consolidated average deposits
  $ 37,867     $ 38,559     $ 39,040     $ 41,174     $ 41,910       (9.6 ) %     (1.8 ) %
                                                         
                                                         
Bank issued deposits:
                                                       
Transaction deposits
  $ 24,584     $ 24,809     $ 23,309     $ 23,369     $ 22,991       6.9 %     (0.9 ) %
Time deposits
    6,566       6,746       6,980       7,245       7,785       (15.7 )     (2.7 )
Total bank issued deposits
    31,150       31,555       30,289       30,614       30,776       1.2       (1.3 )
                                                         
Wholesale deposits
    6,717       7,004       8,751       10,560       11,134       (39.7 )     (4.1 )
                                                         
Total consolidated average deposits
  $ 37,867     $ 38,559     $ 39,040     $ 41,174     $ 41,910       (9.6 ) %     (1.8 ) %


Total consolidated average deposits decreased $4.0 billion or 9.6% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 and decreased $0.7 billion or 1.8% compared to the fourth quarter of 2010.  Average noninterest bearing deposits increased $0.4 billion or 5.6% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 and increased $0.1 billion or 1.7% compared to the fourth quarter of 2010.  Average interest bearing deposits decreased approximately $4.4 billion or 13.1% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 and decreased $0.8 billion or 2.7% compared to the fourth quarter of 2010.  Average total time deposits decreased $5.6 billion or 38.1% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 and decreased $0.5 billion or 5.4% compared to the fourth quarter of 2010.  Average savings and NOW accounts decreased $3.1 billion or 43.2% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 and decreased $0.9 billion or 17.6% compared to the fourth quarter of 2010.  Average money market accounts increased $4.3 billion or 36.3% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 and increased $0.6 billion or 3.9% compared to the fourth quarter of 2010.
 
 

 
Total average deposits that were originated directly with customers, which the Corporation refers to as bank issued deposits, increased $0.4 billion or 1.2% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 and decreased $0.4 billion or 1.3% compared to the fourth quarter of 2010.  The Corporation has placed emphasis in originating transaction deposits (noninterest bearing, savings and NOW, foreign activity and money market) and de-emphasized the origination of time deposits.  Average bank issued transaction deposits in the first quarter of 2011 increased $1.6 billion or 6.9% compared to the first quarter of 2010 and decreased $0.2 billion or 0.9% compared to the fourth quarter of 2010.  Average bank issued time deposits in the first quarter of 2011 decreased $1.2 billion or 15.7% compared to the first quarter of 2010 and decreased $0.2 billion or 2.7% compared to the fourth quarter of 2010.

The growth in transaction deposits, primarily average money market accounts, compared with the prior year reflects the reconfiguration of certain deposit product offerings to retain customers and attract new deposits.  In addition, some existing customers have transferred their balances from other deposit types as those deposit instruments matured.  The growth in transaction deposits and shift in the mix of average deposit types was beneficial to net interest income and the net interest margin in the three months ended March 31, 2011.

The Corporation has historically used wholesale deposits (brokered NOW, brokered money market and brokered CDs) to supplement deposits generated through the Corporation’s banking branch network due to pricing advantages.  In addition, the Corporation used wholesale deposits due to the cost advantage over the cost of issuing debt, especially new long-term borrowings, during unstable market conditions in the capital markets.  As bank issued deposits have grown and assets have contracted, the Corporation has been able to reduce the use of wholesale deposits as a funding source.  Average wholesale deposits decreased $4.4 billion or 39.7% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 and decreased $0.3 billion or 4.1% compared to the fourth quarter of 2010.   In conjunction with its activities to re-align the Corporation’s funding profile, during 2010 the Corporation selectively exercised its call option associated with brokered CDs and redeemed $4.0 billion of those CDs at par. In conjunction with those redemptions the Corporation incurred a non-cash charge to write-off the unamortized issuance costs attributable to those brokered CDs that were redeemed. There were no redemptions of brokered CDs during the first quarter of 2011. However, as a result of the growth in bank issued transaction deposits, the Corporation expects that it will continue to place less reliance on wholesale deposits.

Historically, noninterest bearing deposit balances tended to exhibit some seasonality with a trend of balances declining somewhat in the early part of the year followed by growth in balances throughout the remainder of the year.  A portion of the noninterest balances, especially commercial balances, is sensitive to the interest rate environment.  Larger balances tend to be maintained when overall interest rates are low and smaller balances tend to be maintained as overall interest rates increase.

Under the Dodd-Frank Act, beginning December 31, 2010 and continuing through December 31, 2012, all funds held in noninterest-bearing transaction accounts will be fully guaranteed by the FDIC for the full amount of the account. In addition to the continuation of insurance coverage for noninterest-bearing transaction accounts, the Dodd-Frank Act permanently increased the standard maximum FDIC deposit insurance amount to $250,000.
 
 
 

Average Balance Sheets and Analysis of Net Interest Income

The Corporation’s consolidated average interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities, interest earned and interest paid for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 are presented in the following table ($ in millions):

Consolidated Yield and Cost Analysis
 
   
Three Months Ended
   
Three Months Ended
 
   
March 31, 2011
   
March 31, 2010
 
   
Average
Balance
   
Interest
   
Average
Yield or
Cost (b)
   
Average
Balance
   
Interest
   
Average
Yield or
Cost (b)
 
Loans and leases (a):
                                   
Commercial loans and leases
  $ 11,583.3     $ 130.8       4.58 %   $ 12,686.9     $ 141.7       4.53 %
Commercial real estate loans
    12,329.3       146.7       4.83       13,586.7       168.3       5.02  
Residential real estate loans
    4,192.4       49.9       4.83       4,867.7       61.8       5.15  
Construction and development
    2,970.2       30.3       4.13       5,428.6       50.0       3.74  
Home equity loans and lines
    4,128.4       50.4       4.95       4,645.3       57.1       4.98  
Personal loans and leases
    1,206.4       16.9       5.67       2,318.3       31.4       5.50  
Total loans and leases
    36,410.0       425.0       4.73       43,533.5       510.3       4.75  
                                                 
Investment securities (b):
                                               
Taxable
    5,991.2       36.1       2.40       6,551.2       49.4       3.05  
Tax exempt (a)
    805.0       12.6       6.44       902.8       14.3       6.52  
Total investment securities
    6,796.2       48.7       2.87       7,454.0       63.7       3.47  
Trading assets (a)
    241.5       0.2       0.32       253.0       0.2       0.33  
Short-term investments
    2,805.5       1.7       0.25       1,721.2       1.1       0.26  
Total interest earning assets
  $ 46,253.2     $ 475.6       4.16 %   $ 52,961.7     $ 575.3       4.41 %
                                                 
Interest bearing deposits:
                                               
Savings and NOW
  $ 4,106.0     $ 1.4       0.14 %   $ 7,227.2     $ 8.3       0.47 %
Money market
    16,268.5       23.0       0.57       11,936.3       23.6       0.80  
Time
    9,082.9       52.0       2.32       14,680.0       80.4       2.22  
Foreign
    153.7       0.2       0.51       247.7       0.2       0.41  
Total interest bearing deposits
    29,611.1       76.6       1.05       34,091.2       112.5       1.34  
Short-term borrowings
    275.7       0.1       0.21       1,014.9       0.7       0.27  
Long-term borrowings
    5,013.6       46.7       3.78       6,231.9       52.9       3.44  
Total interest bearing liabilities
  $ 34,900.4     $ 123.4       1.44 %   $ 41,338.0     $ 166.1       1.63 %
                                                 
Net interest margin (FTE)
          $ 352.2       3.08 %           $ 409.2       3.13 %
Net interest spread (FTE)
                    2.72 %                     2.78 %


(a)  
Fully taxable equivalent (“FTE”) basis, assuming a Federal income tax rate of 35%, and excluding disallowed interest expense.
(b)  
Based on average balances excluding fair value adjustments for available for sale securities.

The net interest margin FTE amounted to 3.08% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to 3.13% in the first quarter of 2010 and 3.15% in the fourth quarter of 2010. The net interest income benefit from the growth in transaction deposits, favorable shift in deposit types and lower term funding costs were more than offset by continued loan contraction, lower yields on new investment securities that replaced investment securities sold at a gain throughout 2010 and maintenance of higher balances in cash and lower yielding short-term investments. Net interest income continued to be compressed in both periods as a result of the elevated levels of nonperforming loans and leases and interest rate concessions associated with accruing renegotiated loans. At March 31, 2011, the Corporation’s ratio of loans to deposits was 94.1% compared to 96.7% at December 31, 2010 and 101.6% at March 31, 2010.  The yield on earning assets decreased by 25 basis points and the cost for interest bearing liabilities declined by 19 basis points for the three months ended March 31, 2011 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2010.
 
 

 
Net interest income and the net interest margin percentage can vary and will continue to be influenced by changes in loan and deposit balances, product spreads, pricing competition in the Corporation’s markets, prepayment activity, future interest rate changes, levels of nonperforming loans and various other factors.

Total borrowings amounted to $5.2 billion at March 31, 2011 compared to $5.3 billion at December 31, 2010 and amounted to $6.8 billion at March 31, 2010. During the first quarter of 2010, the Corporation re-acquired and extinguished $100.9 million of long-term borrowings at a gain of $10.3 million, which is reported as Gain on termination of debt in the Consolidated Statements of Income.  Since March 31, 2010, the Corporation has re-acquired and extinguished an additional $122.4 million of long-term borrowings at a gain. During the first quarter of 2011, the Corporation redeemed the $38.0 million of Gold Banc Trust IV and the $15.0 million of Trustcorp Statutory Trust I trust preferred debt securities at a loss. The securities were redeemed pursuant to the merger agreement with BMO, which requires the Corporation to redeem all four of its outstanding issues of junior preferred debt securities (trust preferred securities) prior to the closing of the merger with BMO. The Corporation redeemed the remaining two issues of trust preferred securities in April 2011. The loss on the trust preferred securities redeemed during the first quarter of 2011 amounted to $0.8 million and is reported in Other expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income as Loss on Termination of Debt.


SUMMARY OF LOAN AND LEASE LOSS EXPERIENCE AND CREDIT QUALITY

The following tables present comparative consolidated credit quality information as of March 31, 2011 and the prior four quarters:

Consolidated Credit Quality Information
($000’s)
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
   
First 
Quarter
   
Fourth
Quarter
   
Third
Quarter
   
Second
Quarter
   
First 
Quarter
 
Nonperforming assets :
                             
Nonaccrual loans and leases
  $ 1,473,023     $ 1,544,211     $ 1,563,384     $ 1,722,604     $ 1,898,734  
Nonaccrual loans held for sale
    105,494       23,448       34,235       78,770       55,063  
Total nonperforming loans and leases
    1,578,517       1,567,659       1,597,619       1,801,374       1,953,797  
Other real estate owned (OREO)
    340,842       339,462       425,694       445,501       454,317  
Total nonperforming assets
  $ 1,919,359     $ 1,907,121     $ 2,023,313     $ 2,246,875     $ 2,408,114  
                                         
Accruing renegotiated loans
  $ 514,892     $ 548,436     $ 547,922     $ 714,574     $ 731,839  
                                         
Loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest
  $ 6,541     $ 6,114     $ 7,411     $ 8,063     $ 9,332  
                                         
Allowance for loan and lease losses
  $ 1,374,077     $ 1,387,575     $ 1,388,188     $ 1,516,780     $ 1,515,154  
                                         
Consolidated Statistics:
                                       
Net charge-offs (annualized) to average loans and leases
    4.82 %     4.40 %     5.47 %     4.17 %     3.94 %
Total nonperforming loans and leases to total loans and leases
    4.49       4.24       4.02       4.36       4.58  
Total nonperforming assets to total loans and leases and OREO
    5.40       5.11       5.04       5.38       5.59  
Allowance for loan and lease losses to total loans and leases
    3.91       3.75       3.49       3.67       3.55  
Allowance for loan and lease losses to nonaccrual loans and leases (excluding nonaccrual loans held for sale)
    93       90       89       88       80  


Credit Quality Trends

Nonaccrual loans and leases, which the Corporation refers to as nonperforming loans and leases, are considered to be those loans and leases with the greatest risk of loss.  Nonperforming loans and leases reached their highest reported quarter-end balance of $2,416.1 million or 5.01% of consolidated loans and leases at June 30, 2009, which was the tenth consecutive quarter in an increase of nonperforming loans and leases since December 31, 2006.  Since June 30, 2009, nonperforming loans and leases have declined each consecutive quarter-end through December 31, 2010. Nonperforming loans and leases amounted to $1,578.5 million or 4.49% of consolidated loans and leases at March 31, 2011 compared to $1,567.7 million or 4.24% of consolidated loans and leases at December 31, 2010, an increase of $10.8 million or 0.7%.
 
 

 
The amount of loans and leases that went into nonperforming status in the first quarter of 2011 amounted to $789.6 million. Commercial real estate loans and loans to bank holding companies represented approximately 47.6% of the total new loans that were transferred from accruing status to nonperforming status during the first quarter of 2011. The amount of loans and leases that went into nonperforming status amounted to $637.6 million in the fourth quarter of 2010 and $674.0 million in the first quarter of 2010.

Loans past due 30-89 days, excluding credit card loans, student loans and loans in nonperforming status, which the Corporation refers to as “early stage delinquencies”, decreased $92.5 million or 17.3% at March 31, 2011 compared to March 31, 2010 but increased $9.7 million or 2.2% compared to December 31, 2010.  At March 31, 2011, early stage delinquencies were 1.3% of total loans and leases compared to 1.2% at December 31, 2010.

Nonperforming Loans and Leases

At March 31, 2011, total nonperforming loans and leases amounted to $1,578.5 million or 4.49% of consolidated loans and leases compared to $1,567.7 million or 4.24% of consolidated loans and leases at December 31, 2010, an increase of $10.8 million or 0.7%. Included in nonperforming loans and leases at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 were $279.0 million and $238.1 million, respectively, of non performing renegotiated loans.

The Corporation’s policy for determining when a loan is impaired and placed on nonaccrual status is described in Note 2 in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in the Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008.  There were no changes to that policy during the first quarter of 2011.

At March 31, 2011, approximately $573.6 million or 36.3% of the Corporation’s total nonperforming loans and leases were less than 30 days past due.  In addition, approximately $191.6 million or 12.1% of the Corporation’s total nonperforming loans and leases were greater than 30 days past due but less than 90 days past due at March 31, 2011.  In total, approximately $765.2 million or 48.5% of the Corporation’s total nonperforming loans and leases were less than 90 days past due at March 31, 2011. By comparison, at December 31, 2010 approximately $504.9 million or 32.2% of the Corporation’s total nonperforming loans and leases were less than 30 days past due.  In addition, approximately $108.4 million or 6.9% of the Corporation’s total nonperforming loans and leases were greater than 30 days past due but less than 90 days past due at December 31, 2010.  In total, approximately $613.3 million or 39.1% of the Corporation’s total nonperforming loans and leases were less than 90 days past due at December 31, 2010.

Due to the stress in the real estate markets, which includes elevated levels of delinquencies and volatile real estate values, the adequacy of collateral securing the loan has become a much more important factor in determining expected loan performance. These factors resulted in the Corporation’s loan and lease portfolio experiencing higher incidences of default and elevated levels of loss severity.

For commercial real estate loans, the Corporation obtains updated appraisals at the time a borrower begins to show financial stress.  This typically coincides with management’s reassessment of the borrower’s creditworthiness.  For consumer type loans, market valuation information is obtained each quarter and appraisals are obtained when a loan is transferred to nonperforming status in anticipation of foreclosure.

An “as is” value estimates the market value of a property in its current physical condition, use, and zoning as of the appraisal date.  Depending upon the market and the product type, there is an assumed marketing time of between 6 and 12 months and an assumption that the seller is not compelled to consummate a transaction.  Both buyer and seller are typically assumed to be motivated to transact, are well informed, and are acting in what they consider to be in their own best interests.

An “as developed” value estimates the market value of a property value as of the time the development is expected to be completed.  Unlike an as is value, an as developed value incorporates assumptions that are projected to occur between the current date and completion date.
 
 

 
A “liquidation value” is the most probable price that a specified interest in real property is likely to bring under the following conditions: (a) consummation of a sale will occur within a severely limited marketing period, (b) the actual marketing conditions are those currently prevailing for similar properties, (c) the seller is under extreme compulsion to sell, and (d) the buyer is knowledgeable and is acting in what it considers to be its own best interests.

For construction and development loans, specifically for loans where land is the primary collateral for either commercial construction or residential property construction loans, both “as is” and “liquidation value” valuations are obtained in updated appraisals.  If these loans are on nonaccrual status, greater emphasis is placed on the liquidation value as the basis for identifying potential impairment.

For construction and development loans, specifically where construction has commenced, “as is,” “as developed,” and/or “liquidation value” valuations may be obtained.  Greater weight is placed on the valuation alternative based on the percentage of completion of the project.  If substantial construction has been completed, the “as is” or “as developed” valuations would be used to identify potential impairment if the loan is in nonperforming status.  Determining the percentage of completed construction requires significant management judgment.  The quality of existing tenants, lease commitments for future construction, and lease rates are all considered when selecting the appropriate valuation method for loans where the primary collateral is income producing properties.

In calculating the fair value of collateral for collateral dependent loans, which is used in determining the adequacy of the allowance for loan and lease losses, the Corporation applies 5% to 10% discounts for selling expenses in measuring impairment.  In addition, the appropriateness of discounts for “as is” or “liquidation value” appraisals that are more than nine months old are considered in evaluating impairment for collateral dependent loans.  The Corporation continuously re-assesses the timeliness and propriety of appraisals for collateral dependent loans, especially in volatile real estate markets.  The Corporation uses a variety of sources, such as recent sales of loans and sales of OREO, to validate the collateral values used to determine the amount of loss exposure at the measurement date.

The Corporation continues to work aggressively to isolate, identify and assess its underlying loan and lease portfolio credit quality and has developed and continues to develop strategies to reduce and mitigate its loss exposure.  During the three month period ended March 31, 2011, the Corporation sold $245 million of nonperforming and potential problem loans.  At March 31, 2011, the Corporation held for sale $105.5 million of nonperforming loans.  Those loans were charged down to their net realizable value when they were classified as held for sale.
 
 

 
The following table shows the Corporation’s nonperforming loans and leases by type of loan or lease at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010.

Major Categories of Nonperforming Loans & Leases
($ in millions)


   
March 31, 2011
   
December 31, 2010
 
   
Loans &
Leases
   
Percent of
Total
Loans &
Leases
   
Nonperform
-ing Loans &
Leases
   
%
Nonperform-
ing to Loan
& Lease
Type
   
Loans &
Leases
   
Percent of
Total
Loans &
Leases
   
Nonperform
-ing Loans &
Leases
   
%
Nonperform-
ing to Loan
& Lease
Type
 
Commercial loans & leases
  $ 11,284       32.1 %   $ 232.7       2.06 %   $ 11,623       31.4 %   $ 190.3       1.64 %
Real estate:
                                                               
Commercial real estate
    11,933       33.9       602.3       5.05       12,401       33.5       572.8       4.62  
Residential real estate
    4,035       11.5       230.2       5.71       4,341       11.7       273.8       6.31  
Construction and development:
                                                               
Commercial construction
    817       2.3       142.6       17.45       1,179       3.2       153.2       12.99  
Commercial land
    625       1.8       114.3       18.29       692       1.9       91.8       13.26  
Construction by developers
    167       0.5       55.3       33.04       188       0.5       54.4       28.92  
Residential land
    973       2.8       96.3       9.90       1,074       2.9       127.7       11.90  
Construction by individuals
    57       0.1       4.2       7.44       69       0.2       8.8       12.71  
Total construction and development
    2,639       7.5       412.7       15.64       3,202       8.7       435.9       13.61  
Total real estate
    18,607       52.9       1,245.2       6.69       19,944       53.9       1,282.5       6.43  
Consumer loans & leases:
                                                               
Home equity loans and lines of credit
    4,051       11.5       87.8       2.17       4,213       11.4       88.2       2.09  
Other consumer loans and leases
    1,238       3.5       12.8       1.03       1,219       3.3       6.7       0.55  
Total consumer loans & leases
    5,289       15.0       100.6       1.90       5,432       14.7       94.9       1.75  
Total loans & leases
  $ 35,180       100.0 %   $ 1,578.5       4.49 %   $ 36,999       100.0 %   $ 1,567.7       4.24 %
 

Consistent with recent quarters, nonperforming real estate loans were the primary source of the Corporation’s nonperforming loans and leases and represented approximately 78.9% of total nonperforming loans and leases at March 31, 2011 compared to approximately 81.8% of total nonperforming loans and leases at December 31, 2010.  Nonperforming real estate loans amounted to $1,245.2 million at March 31, 2011 compared to $1,282.5 million at December 31, 2010, a decrease of $37.3 million or 2.9%.  Nonperforming real estate loans consisted of the following categories:

Nonperforming commercial real estate loans amounted to $602.3 million at March 31, 2011 compared to $572.8 million at December 31, 2010, an increase of $29.5 million or 5.2%.  Included in this category of nonperforming commercial real estate loans are nonperforming business real estate, multifamily and farmland loans.  Nonperforming business real estate loans increased $30.0 million or 8.7% at March 31, 2011 compared to December 31, 2010.  That increase was primarily attributable to a small number of larger balance business real estate loans. Nonperforming multifamily loans decreased $41.7 million or 20.1% at March 31, 2011 compared to December 31, 2010. That decrease was primarily due to the sale of two larger nonperforming multifamily loans during the first quarter of 2011. Nonperforming farmland loans increased $41.2 million at March 31, 2011 compared to December 31, 2010. That increase was primarily attributable to two related loans located in Florida.

Nonperforming residential real estate (1-4 family) loans decreased $43.6 million or 15.9% compared to December 31, 2010 and amounted to $230.2 million or 5.71% of total residential real estate loans at March 31, 2011, compared to $273.8 million or 6.31% of total residential real estate loans at December 31, 2010. Nonperforming residential real estate loans in Arizona were $125.6 million or 54.5% of total nonperforming residential real estate loans at March 31, 2011. The decrease in Arizona nonperforming residential real estate loans from December 31, 2010 to March 31, 2011 accounted for the majority of the decrease in nonperforming residential real estate loans during that period.

Since December 31, 2009, nonperforming construction and development loans have declined at each consecutive quarter-end. Nonperforming construction and development loans amounted to $412.7 million at March 31, 2011 compared to $435.9 million at December 31, 2010, a decrease of $23.2 million or 5.3%.  The decrease in nonperforming construction and development loans was primarily due to reduced levels of new nonperforming loans, loan sales and charge-offs.  Nonperforming construction and development loans represented 33.1% of the Corporation’s nonperforming real estate loans and 26.1% of the Corporation’s total nonperforming loans and leases at March 31, 2011.  Nonperforming construction and development loans in Florida and Arizona accounted for $139.6 million or 33.8% of total nonperforming construction and development loans at March 31, 2011.
 
 

 
Nonperforming commercial loans and leases amounted to $232.7 million at March 31, 2011 compared to $190.3 million at December 31, 2010, an increase of $42.4 million or 22.3%. Approximately 61.0% of the increase in nonperforming commercial loans and leases was attributable to loans to bank holding companies.

Nonperforming consumer loans and leases amounted to $100.6 million at March 31, 2011 compared to $94.9 million at December 31, 2010, an increase of $5.7 million or 6.0%. The modest increase reflects the effect of lingering elevated levels of unemployment that have continued to be a source of economic stress for consumers.

The following table presents a geographical summary of nonperforming loans and leases at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010.

Geographical Summary of Nonperforming Loans & Leases
($ in millions)


   
March 31, 2011
   
December 31, 2010
 
   
Loans &
Leases
   
Percent of
Total
Loans &
Leases
   
Nonperform-
ing Loans &
Leases
   
%
Nonperform-
ing to Loan
& Lease by
State
   
Loans &
Leases
   
Percent of
Total
Loans &
Leases
   
Nonperform-
ing Loans &
Leases
   
%
Nonperform-
ing to Loan
& Lease by
State
 
Wisconsin
  $ 14,198       40.3 %   $ 360.2       2.54 %   $ 14,713       39.8 %   $ 309.4       2.10 %
Arizona
    3,826       10.9       278.5       7.28       4,131       11.2       314.7       7.62  
Minnesota
    3,976       11.3       163.5       4.11       4,072       11.0       165.8       4.07  
Missouri
    2,568       7.3       83.1       3.23       2,695       7.3       80.3       2.98  
Florida
    1,856       5.3       248.9       13.41       2,076       5.6       213.3       10.28  
Indiana
    1,548       4.4       58.4       3.78       1,577       4.2       40.2       2.55  
Kansas
    677       1.9       28.9       4.27       730       2.0       41.1       5.63  
Others
    6,531       18.6       357.0       5.47       7,005       18.9       402.9       5.75  
Total
  $ 35,180       100.0 %   $ 1,578.5       4.49 %   $ 36,999       100.0 %   $ 1,567.7       4.24 %


The largest geographic concentration of loans and leases in the Corporation’s loan and lease portfolio is in Wisconsin. The Wisconsin loan and lease portfolio has consistently maintained one of the lowest percent of nonperforming loans and leases to total loans and leases compared to the Corporation’s other markets.  Consistent with the Corporation’s total loan and lease portfolio, loans and leases in Wisconsin have experienced some elevated levels of stress across the portfolio but generally have performed better than the Corporation’s other markets.  Nonperforming loans in Wisconsin represented 22.8% of total consolidated nonperforming loans at March 31, 2011.  At March 31, 2011, nonperforming loans and leases in Wisconsin amounted to $360.2 million or 2.54% of total loans and leases outstanding in Wisconsin compared to $309.4 million or 2.10% of total loans and leases outstanding in Wisconsin at December 31, 2010, an increase of $50.8 million or 16.4%.  Approximately 46.7% of the increase in nonperforming loans and leases in Wisconsin was attributable to loans to one bank holding company.

The Corporation continued to experience a reduction in the amount of nonperforming loans in Arizona.  At December 31, 2010, nonperforming loans in Arizona amounted to $314.7 million or 7.62% of loans outstanding in Arizona compared to $278.5 million or 7.28% of loans outstanding in Arizona at March 31, 2011, a decrease in nonperforming loans of $36.2 million or 11.5%.  Nonperforming loans in Arizona represented 17.6% of total consolidated nonperforming loans and leases at March 31, 2011.  Nonperforming residential real estate loans in Arizona decreased $43.8 million or 25.9% during the first quarter of 2011 and amounted to $125.6 million or 45.1% of nonperforming loans in Arizona at March 31, 2011 compared to $169.4 million or 53.8% of nonperforming loans in Arizona at December 31, 2010.  Nonperforming construction and development loans in Arizona decreased $0.4 million or 0.5% during the first quarter of 2011 and amounted to $79.8 million or 28.6% of nonperforming loans in Arizona at March 31, 2011 compared to $80.2 million or 25.5% of nonperforming loans in Arizona at December 31, 2010.

Loans and leases in Missouri and Indiana have experienced some elevated levels of stress across their commercial real estate and construction and development portfolios.  The increase in nonperforming loans in Missouri at March 31, 2011 compared to December 31, 2010 was primarily attributable to commercial real estate loans placed on nonperforming status during the first quarter of 2011.  The increase in nonperforming loans in Indiana at March 31, 2011 compared to December 31, 2010 was primarily attributable to a larger construction and development loan placed on nonperforming status during the first quarter of 2011. The decrease in nonperforming loans in Kansas at March 31, 2011 compared to December 31, 2010 was primarily attributable to the sale of nonperforming commercial real estate loans and commercial construction and development loans.
 
 

 
Nonperforming loans in Florida amounted to $248.9 million at March 31, 2011 compared to $213.3 million at December 31, 2010, an increase of $35.6 million or 16.7%. That increase was primarily attributable to two related farmland loans placed on nonperforming status during the first quarter of 2011.  Nonperforming loans in Florida represented 15.8% of total consolidated nonperforming loans at March 31, 2011.

Nonperforming loans outside of the Corporation’s primary markets amounted to $357.0 million or 5.47% of loans outside of the Corporation’s primary markets at March 31, 2011 compared to $402.9 million or 5.75% of loans outside of the Corporation’s primary markets at December 31, 2010, a decrease in nonperforming loans of $45.9 million or 11.4%. The decrease in nonperforming loans at March 31, 2011 compared to December 31, 2010 was primarily attributable to the sale of nonperforming commercial real estate loans.


Other Real Estate Owned (OREO)

OREO is principally comprised of commercial and residential properties acquired in partial or total satisfaction of problem loans.  Activity relating to OREO for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 consisted of the following:

   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
($ in millions)
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Other Real Estate Owned (OREO):
           
Beginning Balance
  $ 339.5     $ 430.8  
Additions, net of initial write-downs
    98.5       149.1  
Dispositions
    (87.2 )     (105.9 )
Capitalized costs
    0.7       0.7  
Valuation adjustments
    (10.7 )     (20.4 )
Ending Balance
  $ 340.8     $ 454.3  
 
 
Write-downs at initial transfer from loans to OREO are recorded as charge-offs.  Valuation adjustments after the initial transfer, which are included as a component of net OREO expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income, reflect the decline in real estate values due to the economy and elevated levels of unemployment and other real estate market conditions at the measurement date.

At March 31, 2011, properties acquired in partial or total satisfaction of problem loans, based on loan type, consisted of construction and development of $189.6 million, 1-4 family residential real estate of $74.3 million and commercial real estate of $76.9 million.  At March 31, 2010, properties acquired in partial or total satisfaction of problem loans, based on loan type, consisted of construction and development of $345.6 million, 1-4 family residential real estate of $44.4 million and commercial real estate of $64.3 million.  OREO in Arizona represented approximately 20.3% and 35.4% of total OREO at March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.


Troubled Debt Restructurings (Renegotiated Loans)

The Corporation does not characterize all modified loans as troubled debt restructurings (“TDR”).  In the ordinary course of business, the Corporation modifies loan terms across loan types, including both consumer and commercial loans, for a variety of reasons.  For example, modifications to consumer loans are generally limited to short-term deferrals to accommodate specific, temporary circumstances.  The Corporation frequently grants extensions to help consumers who have demonstrated a willingness and ability to repay their loan in the event of a specific unforeseen temporary hardship event.  An extension defers monthly payments and requires a balloon payment at the original contractual maturity.  Extensions are predominantly granted to defer one monthly payment.  On an exception basis, an extension may occasionally be granted to defer up to three monthly payments.  The Corporation does not consider these extensions to be troubled debt restructurings.  The Corporation believes that these short-term extensions represent the type of modification any bank would otherwise consider especially in situations where the temporary event is not expected to impact a borrower’s ability to repay the debt, and where the Corporation expects to collect all amounts due including interest accrued at the contractual interest rate for the period of delay at contractual maturity.
 
 

 
Modifications to commercial loans may include, but not be limited to, changes in interest rate, maturity, amortization and financial covenants.  In the original underwriting, loan terms are established that represent the then current and projected financial condition of the borrower.  Over any period of time, modifications to these loan terms may be required due to changes in the original underwriting assumptions.  These assumptions may include the changing financial requirements of the borrower as well as changes in underwriting standards of the Corporation.  If the modified terms are consistent with competitive market conditions and representative of terms the borrower could otherwise obtain in the open market, the modified loan is not categorized as a TDR.

For a loan modification to be a TDR, which the Corporation also refers to as “renegotiated loans,” the following three conditions must all be present: (1) the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, (2) the Corporation makes a concession to the original contractual loan terms, and (3) the concessions are for economic or legal reasons related to the borrower’s financial difficulty that the Corporation would not otherwise consider.

Modifications of loan terms to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty are made in an attempt to protect as much of the Corporation’s investment in the loan as possible.  These modifications are generally made to either prevent a loan from becoming nonaccrual or to return a nonaccrual loan to performing status based on the expectation that the borrower can adequately perform in accordance with the modified terms.

The determination of whether a modification should be accounted for as a TDR requires significant judgment after taking into consideration all facts and circumstances surrounding the transaction.  No single characteristic or factor, taken alone, is determinative of whether a modification should be classified as a TDR.  The fact that a single characteristic is present in a transaction is not considered sufficient to overcome the preponderance of contrary evidence.

Assuming all the other TDR criteria are met, the Corporation considers one or a combination of the following concessions to the loan terms to be a TDR:  (1) a reduction of the stated interest rate, (2) an extension of the maturity date or dates at a stated interest rate lower than the current market rate for a new loan with a similar term, or (3) forgiveness of principal or accrued interest.

Overview

The Corporation recognizes that the current economy, elevated levels of unemployment and depressed real estate values have resulted in many customers being far more leveraged than prudent and in a very difficult financial position.  Through various forms of communications, the Corporation encourages all customers to contact the Corporation if they are experiencing financial difficulties so that their individual situations can be assessed and to discuss alternatives before formal collection actions are required.  In addition, the Corporation monitors borrowers that are not currently delinquent.  For those borrowers with an original credit bureau score at or below an established level, the Corporation determines if there has been a specified decline in their current credit bureau score.  Customers meeting those criteria are solicited directly and encouraged to contact the Corporation if they are experiencing financial difficulties.

In many cases, the Corporation has restructured loan terms for certain qualified financially distressed borrowers that have agreed to work in good faith to reach a successful repayment agreement and, as previously discussed, have demonstrated the ability to make the restructured payments in order to avoid a pending foreclosure or a foreclosure in the future.  The Corporation has predominantly used reduced interest rates and extended terms to lower contractual payments.

Accruing troubled debt restructured loans, which the Corporation refers to as “accruing renegotiated loans,” amounted to $514.9 million at March 31, 2011 compared to $548.4 million at December 31, 2010.  At March 31, 2011, approximately 26.8% of accruing renegotiated loans were restructured at market interest rates and could be eligible to be transferred out of renegotiated status at the beginning of next year if their payments remain current according to the restructured terms and are current at the end of the year.  Irrespective of their classification, these loans are specifically assessed for impairment for purposes of determining the allowance for loan and lease losses.
 
 

 
After restructuring, renegotiated loans result in lower payments than originally required and therefore have a lower risk of loss due to nonperformance than loans classified as nonperforming.  The Corporation’s instances of default and re-default on consumer-related renegotiated loans have been relatively favorable compared with data published by national bank and thrift regulators.

At March 31, 2011, the re-default rates for those consumer-related renegotiated loans that were restructured between June 2008 and December 2009 by loan type were as follows:

Re-default Rates on Consumer-Related Renegotiated Loans
 
   
March 31, 2011
 
       
Residential real estate
    31.8 %
         
Consumer construction and development
       
Residential land
    59.6  
Construction by individuals
    67.7  
Total consumer construction and development
    59.9  
         
Other consumer
       
Home equity loans and lines of credit
    21.4  
Other consumer
    18.6  
Total other consumer
    20.5  
         
Total consumer-related re-default
    35.6 %


The Corporation attributes this experience to its processes used to determine a reasonable repayment program for qualified borrowers and its policy of requiring such borrowers to demonstrate the ability to make the restructured payments for a specified period of time before the loan is transferred to accruing renegotiated status.  The Corporation’s experience with renegotiated loan performance is relatively new and does not encompass an extended period of time.  The Corporation generally has not observed a consistent pattern on the frequency of re-defaults based on the passage of time.  Based on the Corporation’s limited experience, the timing of re-defaults on consumer-related renegotiated loans appear to be more attributable to some event such as loss of employment.  Irrespective of the Corporation’s procedures and policies, payment performance will continue to be adversely affected by unexpected increases in unemployment.

At March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the delinquency status of the Corporation’s accruing renegotiated loans was as follows:
 
Accruing Renegotiated Loans Delinquency Status
($000’s)
 
Days Past Due
   
March 31, 2011
   
December 31, 2010
 
Current
    $ 483,534     $ 500,470  
 30 - 89       31,358       47,966  
 90+       -       -  
Total
    $ 514,892     $ 548,436  


The Corporation considers accruing renegotiated loans that are less than 30 days past due to be current because of the numerous factors other than credit quality that may cause payments to be temporarily past due.  Renegotiated loans past due 90 days or more are classified as nonaccrual and reported as nonperforming loans.
 
 

 
The Corporation expects nonaccrual loans will initially increase until the loan terms are restructured.  Upon restructuring, nonaccrual loans will decline and the balance of accruing renegotiated loans will increase.  The Corporation expects the balance of accruing renegotiated loans will continue to be elevated in future quarters.

Commercial Loans

Underwriting for all commercial loan modifications follows established credit risk management policies and includes an assessment of the credit risk profile and analysis of the borrower’s current financial position.  Included in this analysis is a detailed review of the borrower’s ability to continue to service its loans under the existing contractual agreement.  Each decision to modify a loan is required to be supported by a written underwriting summary appropriate for the size and type of credit that establishes the sufficiency of the primary and secondary sources of repayment based on the modified terms.

This analysis includes, but is not limited to, a detailed analysis of the borrower’s ability to adequately maintain a current payment history under the restructured agreement.  For collateral-dependent loans, this analysis also includes current appraisals or valuations of the collateral so that updated loan-to-values are within the Corporation’s loan policy guidelines.  The analysis may also include an assessment of the borrower’s management team and the industry in which it competes.  These factors, along with any other factors that management of the Corporation may deem appropriate given the risk profile of the borrower, are analyzed to ensure a high probability that the borrower will be able to perform under the terms and conditions of the modified loan.

Commercial loans are returned to an accrual status when receipt of principal and interest payments as they become contractually due is not in doubt based on the preponderance of evidence in the credit analysis, the borrower’s successful past performance, or performance under the modified terms exceeds nine months.  Otherwise, interest income is recognized using a cost recovery method.

In connection with the extension, renewal or restructuring of a loan with an interest reserve, additional interest reserves may be funded by the borrower, partially funded by the borrower and the Corporation or fully provided by the Corporation.  Typically, interest reserves provided by the Corporation are secured by additional collateral and are limited to more conservative advance rates on the pledged collateral.  These loans must also be supported by an analysis of the borrower’s willingness and capacity to service the debt.

Consumer Loans

Prior to approval of a consumer loan modification, the Corporation performs a comprehensive financial review of the borrower, which entails an evaluation of the borrower’s total income and total expenses.  The Corporation’s evaluation of a borrower’s total expenses is more comprehensive than the evaluation typically undertaken by the credit bureaus.  The Corporation’s review is substantiated by an analysis of the borrower’s bank account activity and updated credit bureau reports.  Modifications seek to offer the customer an affordable housing payment, maintain total debt service within a prescribed range of net income and provide a monthly cash flow cushion for unexpected events.

For all modified loans, the Corporation maintains the assessment of the borrower’s hardship, debt service capacity, financial condition and prospects for repayment under the revised terms, along with a hardship letter, personal financial worksheet, credit bureau report, proof of income, bank statements and status of homeowner’s insurance and taxes.

In addition to the comprehensive financial review, the Corporation generally requires a successful completion of a performance period prior to a formal modification for consumer loans.  For borrowers whose pre-modified loan was less than 90 days past due at the time of modification, three payments at the proposed restructured payment amount (a three-month performance period) are required before the formal restructuring.  Since repayment performance had been maintained under the original terms and the Corporation has modified the repayment terms to be consistent with the borrower’s re-underwritten debt service capacity, the Corporation is able to determine that it can be reasonably assured that the loan will perform according to the modified terms after the customer successfully completed the three-month performance period prior to the formal restructuring.
 
 

 
If the customer’s pre-modified loan was past due 90 days or more or if the customer’s Total Debt to Total Income ratio exceeds 100%, nine payments based on the proposed restructured terms are required (a nine-month performance period) before a formal modification is made.  Because the borrower was greater than 90 days past due, a longer performance period is required prior to the formal modification.  Since the customer will have successfully completed the performance period prior to the formal restructuring based on repayment terms modified to be consistent with the re-underwritten debt service capacity, the Corporation is able to determine that it can be reasonably assured that the loan will perform according to the modified terms.

Successful performance results in a formal restructuring agreement, at which time the restructured loan will return to an accrual status.

The following table shows the Corporation’s accruing renegotiated loans by type of loan at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010.

Major Categories of Accruing Renegotiated Loans
($ in millions)
 
   
March 31, 2011
   
December 31, 2010
 
   
Accruing
Renegotiated
Loans
   
Percent of
Total
Accruing Renegotiated
Loans
   
Accruing
Renegotiated
Loans
   
Percent of
Total
Accruing
Renegotiated
Loans
 
Commercial
  $ 44.8       8.7 %   $ 24.3       4.4 %
Real estate:
                               
Commercial real estate
    83.4       16.2       101.2       18.5  
Residential real estate
    234.8       45.6       263.8       48.1  
Construction and development:
                               
Commercial construction
    12.9       2.5       9.7       1.8  
Commercial land
    17.3       3.3       3.8       0.7  
Construction by developers
    11.6       2.3       11.6       2.1  
Residential land
    64.2       12.4       79.9       14.6  
Construction by individuals
    2.0       0.4       2.0       0.3  
Total construction and development
    108.0       20.9       107.0       19.5  
Total real estate
    426.2       82.7       472.0       86.1  
Consumer
                               
Home equity loans and lines of credit
    40.5       7.9       48.6       8.9  
Other consumer
    3.4       0.7       3.5       0.6  
Total consumer
    43.9       8.6       52.1       9.5  
Total accruing renegotiated loans
  $ 514.9       100.0 %   $ 548.4       100.0 %


At March 31, 2011, consumer-related accruing renegotiated loans (residential real estate, residential land, construction by individuals, home equity loans and lines of credit and other consumer loans) represented 67.1% of total accruing renegotiated loans compared to 72.5% at December 31, 2010.

The amount of accruing renegotiated loans that went into nonperforming status in the first quarter of 2011 amounted to $38.6 million compared to $57.1 million in the fourth quarter of 2010, a decrease of $18.5 million or 32.3%.
 
 
 
66

 
 
The following table shows the geographical summary of the Corporation’s accruing renegotiated loans at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010.

Geographical Summary of Accruing Renegotiated Loans
($ in millions)


   
March 31, 2011
   
December 31, 2010
 
   
Accruing
Renegotiated
Loans
   
Percent of
Total
Accruing
Renegotiated
Loans
   
Accruing
Renegotiated
Loans
   
Percent of
Total
Accruing
Renegotiated
Loans
 
Wisconsin
  $ 50.9       9.9 %   $ 52.9       9.6 %
Arizona
    278.9       54.2       309.2       56.4  
Minnesota
    25.0       4.9       37.7       6.9  
Missouri
    46.4       9.0       36.0       6.6  
Florida
    32.7       6.3       26.4       4.8  
Indiana
    7.6       1.5       7.6       1.4  
Kansas
    3.3       0.6       0.6       0.1  
Others
    70.1       13.6       78.0       14.2  
Total
  $ 514.9       100.0 %   $ 548.4       100.0 %


Accruing renegotiated loans originated in the Arizona market continued to represent the majority of accruing renegotiated loans. At March 31, 2011, approximately $248.6 million or 89.2% of Arizona accruing renegotiated loans were consumer-related loans.


Past Due Loans and Leases

Loans 90 days past due and still accruing interest amounted to $6.5 million at March 31, 2011 compared to $6.1 million at December 31, 2010 and $9.3 million at March 31, 2010.

Delinquency can be an indicator of potential problem loans and leases.  At March 31, 2011, accruing loans and leases past due 30-89 days, excluding credit card loans, student loans and loans in nonperforming status (“early stage delinquencies”), amounted to $441.1 million or 1.3% of total loans and leases outstanding compared to $431.4 million or 1.2% of total loans and leases outstanding at December 31, 2010, an increase of $9.7 million or 2.2%.  While the total amount of early stage delinquencies was relatively stable at March 31, 2011 compared to December 31, 2010, the Corporation experienced increases in early stage delinquencies in commercial loans and leases, commercial real estate loans and construction and development loans that were largely offset by decreases in residential real estate loans and other consumer loans. Early stage delinquencies peaked at March 31, 2009 and amounted to $1,477.0 million or 3.0% of total loans and leases outstanding.  Management expects that a stabilized level for accruing early stage delinquencies will be in the range of 1.5% of total loans and leases outstanding.
 
 

 
The following table presents the reconciliation of the allowance for loan and lease losses for the current quarter and the prior four quarters:

Reconciliation of Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
($000’s)
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
   
First 
Quarter
   
Fourth
Quarter
   
Third
Quarter
   
Second
Quarter
   
First 
Quarter
 
Beginning balance
  $ 1,387,575     $ 1,388,188     $ 1,516,780     $ 1,515,154     $ 1,480,470  
Provision for loan and lease losses
    418,803       429,133       431,744       439,899       458,112  
Loans and leases charged-off:
                                       
Commercial
    109,438       78,782       59,924       54,934       137,103  
Real estate
    352,612       369,843       510,232       384,960       287,310  
Personal
    8,404       12,707       10,836       15,283       11,662  
Leases
    459       574       434       599       384  
Total charge-offs
    470,913       461,906       581,426       455,776       436,459  
                                         
Recoveries on loans and leases:
                                       
Commercial
    6,326       8,155       3,901       5,833       2,821  
Real estate
    29,990       21,947       15,095       9,302       7,700  
Personal
    1,986       1,877       2,068       1,990       2,108  
Leases
    310       181       26       378       402  
Total recoveries
    38,612       32,160       21,090       17,503       13,031  
Net loans and leases charged-off
    432,301       429,746       560,336       438,273       423,428  
Ending balance
  $ 1,374,077     $ 1,387,575     $ 1,388,188     $ 1,516,780     $ 1,515,154  


Summary of Net Charge-Offs on Loans and Leases
($000’s)
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
   
First 
Quarter
   
Fourth
Quarter
   
Third
Quarter
   
Second
Quarter
   
First 
Quarter
 
Net charge-offs:
                             
Commercial loans and leases
  $ 103,305     $ 70,923     $ 56,337     $ 49,303     $ 134,093  
Commercial real estate
    125,231       141,218       284,773       98,820       53,363  
Residential real estate
    51,793       46,531       49,849       38,968       32,450  
Construction and development
    111,277       123,746       132,577       207,529       159,664  
Home equity loans and lines of credit
    34,321       36,401       27,938       30,341       34,133  
Personal loans and leases
    6,374       10,927       8,862       13,312       9,725  
Net charge-offs
  $ 432,301     $ 429,746     $ 560,336     $ 438,273     $ 423,428  

Net charge-offs amounted to $432.3 million or 4.82% of average loans and leases in the first quarter of 2011 compared to $429.7 million or 4.40% of average loans and leases in the fourth quarter of 2010 and $423.4 million or 3.94% of average loans and leases in the first quarter of 2010.  The net charge-offs for the periods presented in the table above include the net charge-offs related to the loans that were sold during 2011 and 2010.

Net charge-offs for construction and development loans represented 25.7% and net charge-offs for commercial real estate loans represented 29.0% of total net charge-offs in the first quarter of 2011. Consistent with prior quarters, net charge-offs for construction and development loans and commercial real estate loans was the largest concentration of net charge-offs across the various loan types.

The increase in net charge-offs for commercial loans and leases in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the fourth quarter of 2010 was primarily attributable to loans to bank holding companies.  Net charge-offs related to loans to bank holding companies amounted to $48.3 million in the first quarter of 2011 compared to $6.6 million in the fourth quarter of 2010.

Net charge-offs related to Arizona and Florida amounted to $191.1 million and accounted for 44.2% of total net charge-offs in the first quarter of 2011. Net charge-offs related to Arizona and Florida amounted to $167.0 million and accounted for 38.9% of total net charge-offs in the fourth quarter of 2010 and amounted to $184.6 million or 43.6% of total net charge-offs in the first quarter of 2010.
 
 

 
As previously discussed, real estate related loans continue to be the primary source of the elevated levels in nonperforming loans and leases and net charge-offs in the first quarter of 2011.  Real estate related loans represented the majority of the Corporation’s nonperforming loans and leases at March 31, 2011. Prior to 2007, the Corporation’s loss experience with real estate loans had been relatively low due to the sufficiency of the underlying real estate collateral.  In a stressed real estate market, the value of the collateral securing the loans has become one of the most important factors in determining the amount of loss incurred and the appropriate amount of allowance for loan and lease losses to record at the measurement date.  The likelihood of losses that are equal to the entire recorded investment for a real estate loan is remote.  However, in many cases, rapidly declining real estate values have resulted in the determination that the estimated value of the collateral was insufficient to cover all of the recorded investment in the loan which has required significant additional charge-offs.  Declining collateral values have significantly contributed to the elevated levels of net charge-offs and the increase in the provision for loan and lease losses that the Corporation experienced in recent quarters.

Partial Charge-Offs

Charge-Off Policy

The Corporation’s accounting policies for charge-offs are described in Note 2 in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in the Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008.  There were no changes to that policy during the first quarter of 2011. Consistent with regulatory guidance and the Corporation’s loan policy, charge-offs are taken when specific loans, or portions thereof, are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted.  The Corporation’s policy is to promptly charge these loans off in the period the uncollectible loss amount is reasonably determined.  The charge-off does not mean that the asset has no recovery or salvage value, but rather that it is not practical to defer writing down this loan when available information confirms that the loan, or a portion thereof, is uncollectible.

The amount of cumulative net charge-offs recorded on the Corporation’s nonperforming loans outstanding at March 31, 2011 was approximately $865.5 million or 57.2% of the unpaid principal balance of the affected nonperforming loans.

The Corporation’s nonperforming loans and leases at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 consisted of the following:
 
   
March 31, 2011
   
December 31, 2010
 
Nonperforming Loans and Leases
 
Amount 
($000's)
   
Percent of Total
Nonperforming
Loans and
Leases
   
Amount 
($000's)
   
Percent of Total
Nonperforming
Loans and
Leases
 
                         
Nonperforming loans and leases with partial charge-offs
  $ 593,395       37.6 %   $ 779,623       49.7 %
Nonperforming loans and leases without partial charge-offs
    879,628       55.7 %     764,588       48.8 %
Total nonperforming loans and leases
    1,473,023               1,544,211          
Nonperforming loans held for sale
    105,494       6.7 %     23,448       1.5 %
Total nonperforming loans and leases
  $ 1,578,517       100.0 %   $ 1,567,659       100.0 %
 
 

 
The result of recording partial charge-offs on nonperforming loans and leases had the following impact on certain credit quality statistics:

   
Total Nonperforming Loans and Leases
 
   
March 31, 2011
   
December 31, 2010
 
Consolidated Credit Quality Statistics
 
Including
Nonperforming
Loans and
Leases with
Partial Charge-
Offs
   
Excluding
Nonperforming
Loans and
Leases with
Partial Charge-
Offs
   
Including
Nonperforming
Loans and
Leases with
Partial Charge-
Offs
   
Excluding
Nonperforming
Loans and
Leases with
Partial Charge-
Offs
 
                         
Total nonperforming loans and leases to total loans and leases
    4.49 %     2.65 %     4.24 %     2.08 %
Allowance for loan and lease losses to total loans and leases
    3.91 %     3.98 %     3.75 %     3.83 %
Allowance for loan and lease losses to nonperforming loans and leases (excluding nonperforming loans held for sale)
    93 %     156 %     90 %     181 %


As shown in the above table, the ratio of the allowance for loan and lease losses to nonperforming loans and leases (excluding nonperforming loans held for sale) is affected by the amount of partial charge-offs recorded on nonperforming loans because the partial charge-offs reduce the allowance for loan and lease losses required at the measurement date.  The partial charge-offs have significantly contributed to the reported decline in the ratio of the allowance for loan and lease losses to nonperforming loans and leases (excluding nonperforming loans held for sale) in recent years.

Consolidated Loan and Lease Risk Profile

In determining the adequacy of the allowance for loan and lease losses, management considers a number of factors to assess the risk and determine the amount of inherent loss in the portfolio at the measurement date. The tables below present certain statistics that are indicators of credit risk by loan type and provides supplemental information that, together with the previous discussion, is intended to assist in obtaining an understanding of the current credit risk that is in each loan type.

Commercial Loans and Leases

   
Commercial ($ in millions)
 
   
March 31,
2011
   
% of 
Consolidated
Total
   
December 31,
2010
   
% of 
Consolidated
Total
 
                         
Loans and leases
  $ 11,284.2       32.1 %   $ 11,623.4       31.4 %
Nonaccrual loans and leases
    232.7       14.7       190.3       12.1  
Accruing renegotiated loans
    44.8       8.7       24.3       4.4  
Loans and leases past due 30-89 days
    47.8       10.8       30.5       7.1  
Quarter-to-date net charge-offs
    103.3       23.9       70.9       16.5  
 
The Corporation extends commercial loans and leases across many industry types which, at March 31, 2011, included: manufacturing (24%), wholesale trade (15%), finance and insurance (9%), retail trade (9%), real estate (7%), construction (5%), professional (5%), agriculture (5%), transportation and warehousing (4%) and health care (3%).

Commercial loans and leases are evaluated for the adequacy of repayment sources at the time of approval and are regularly reviewed for any possible deterioration in the ability of the borrower to repay the loan.  Collateral varies by individual customer and may include accounts receivable, inventory, equipment, deposits, securities, personal guarantees, general business security agreements and real estate.

Commercial loans and leases are associated with customers located in Wisconsin (43%), Minnesota (15%), Missouri (9%), Illinois (5%), Arizona (4%), Indiana (4%), Florida (3%) and Kansas (3%).
 
 

 
Commercial and industrial loans continued to contract in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the fourth quarter of 2010. However, that linked quarter decrease in average commercial loans and leases is the lowest linked quarter decline in average commercial loans and leases since the second quarter in 2009. Commercial customers appear to still be focused on expense management and debt reduction by delaying capital expenditures and reducing working capital demand.  Commercial loan and lease balances and the demand for new credit will depend on the pace and strength of economic improvement.  At March 31, 2011, commercial loans held for sale amounted to $20.1 million.

Nonperforming commercial loans and leases amounted to $232.7 million at March 31, 2011 compared to $190.3 million at December 31, 2010, an increase of $42.4 million or 22.3%. Approximately 61.0% of the increase in nonperforming commercial loans and leases was attributable to loans to bank holding companies.

Accruing renegotiated commercial loans increased $20.5 million or 84.2% at March 31, 2011 compared to December 31, 2010.  That increase was primarily attributable to one credit relationship that consisted of commercial and commercial real estate loans located in Kansas and Missouri.

The increase in net charge-offs for commercial loans and leases in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the fourth quarter of 2010 was primarily attributable to charge-offs on loans to bank holding companies. Net charge-offs related to loans to bank holding companies amounted to $48.3 million in the first quarter of 2011 compared to $6.6 million in the fourth quarter of 2010.

At March 31, 2011, loans outstanding to bank holding companies were approximately $318.8 million, of which $38.1 million was in nonperforming status and $125.0 million was identified as potential problem loans. The recent economic events and exposure to these loans was taken into consideration in the determination of the allowance for loan and lease losses.

The ratio of nonaccrual commercial loans and leases to total commercial loans and leases at March 31, 2011 was 2.06%.  The average annualized net charge-offs for commercial loans and leases over the past nine quarters based on end of period loans were 2.90%.  Excluding the charge-offs relating to loans to bank holding companies, the average annualized net charge-offs for commercial loans and leases over the past nine quarters based on end of period loans was 1.91%.

Commercial Real Estate Loans

   
Commercial Real Estate ($ in millions)
 
   
March 31,
2011
   
% of 
Consolidated
Total
   
December 31,
2010
   
% of 
Consolidated
Total
 
                         
Loans
  $ 11,932.9       33.9 %   $ 12,401.3       33.5 %
Nonaccrual loans
    602.3       38.2       572.8       36.5  
Accruing renegotiated loans
    83.4       16.2       101.2       18.5  
Loans past due 30-89 days
    116.8       26.5       70.0       16.2  
Quarter-to-date net charge-offs
    125.2       29.0       141.2       32.9  

Commercial real estate loans include multi-family properties and business purpose loans secured by 1-4 family residences (28%), industrial (16%), office (15%), retail (15%), hospitality/lodging (5%), farmland (6%) and medical facilities (4%).  Commercial real estate loans as presented do not include commercial construction and land development loans.

The Corporation has established policies that set standards for maximum commercial mortgage amounts by type of property, loan terms, pricing structures, loan-to-value limits by property type, minimum requirements for initial investment and maintenance of equity by the borrower, borrower net worth, property cash flow and debt service coverage as well as policies and procedures for granting exceptions to established underwriting standards.  Commercial mortgages are evaluated for adequacy of repayment sources at the time of approval and regularly reviewed for any possible deterioration in the ability of the borrower to repay the loan.

Commercial real estate loans are located primarily in the Midwest: Wisconsin (46%), Minnesota (12%), Missouri (8%), Illinois (5%), Kansas (2%) and Indiana (5%).  Commercial real estate loans in higher risk markets include Arizona (7%) and Florida (7%).
 
 

 
As a result of the economy, the Corporation has experienced minimal new development activity.  For the three months ended March 31, 2011, average commercial real estate loans amounted to $12,329.3 million compared to average commercial real estate loans of $13,586.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010, a decrease of $1,257.4 million or 9.3%.

At March 31, 2011, commercial real estate loans consisted of business real estate loans of $8,012.2 million, multi-family properties and business purpose loans secured by 1-4 family residences (“multi-family loans”) of $3,229.1 million and farmland loans of $691.6 million.

Nonperforming commercial real estate loans amounted to $602.3 million at March 31, 2011 compared to $572.8 million at December 31, 2010, an increase of $29.5 million or 5.2%. At March 31, 2011, nonperforming business real estate loans amounted to $375.3 million or 4.68% of total business real estate loans. Nonperforming business real estate loans increased $30.0 million or 8.7% at March 31, 2011 compared to December 31, 2010.  That increase was primarily attributable to a small number of larger balance business real estate loans. At March 31, 2011, nonperforming multi-family loans amounted to $165.8 million or 5.13% of total multi-family loans. Nonperforming multifamily loans decreased $41.7 million or 20.1% at March 31, 2011 compared to December 31, 2010. That decrease was primarily due to the sale of two larger nonperforming multifamily loans during the first quarter of 2011. At March 31, 2011, nonperforming farmland loans amounted to $61.2 million or 8.85% of total farmland loans. Nonperforming farmland loans increased $41.2 million at March 31, 2011 compared to December 31, 2010. That increase was primarily attributable to two related loans located in Florida.

At March 31, 2011, approximately 42% of the business real estate loans were owner-occupied.  Owner-occupied real estate loans are generally expected to have lower levels of default risk.

The ratio of nonaccrual commercial real estate loans to total commercial real estate loans at March 31, 2011 was 5.05%.  The ratio of nonaccrual commercial real estate loans to total commercial real estate loans in Arizona and Florida at March 31, 2011 was 5.25% and 16.98%, respectively. Nonaccrual commercial real estate loans in Arizona and Florida amounted to $181.0 million or 30.1% of total nonaccrual commercial real estate loans at March 31, 2011. Nonaccrual commercial real estate loans in Wisconsin amounted to $158.2 million or 26.3% of total nonaccrual commercial real estate loans at March 31, 2011.  The ratio of nonaccrual commercial real estate loans to total commercial real estate loans in Wisconsin at March 31, 2011 was 2.90%.

The average annualized net charge-offs for commercial real estate loans over the past nine quarters based on end of period loans were 3.2%. Included in commercial real estate net charge-offs within that period was the impact of bringing one credit relationship toward a final resolution.  That credit relationship consisted of multiple geographically dispersed commercial real estate loans related to the hospitality/lodging industry.  Management does not believe this credit event is indicative of a trend because the Corporation has no other outstanding credit exposure of a size and characteristic that resembles this one credit relationship. Excluding the hospitality/lodging loan charge-offs, the average annualized net charge-offs for commercial real estate loans over the past nine quarters based on end of period loans was 2.4%.

Residential Real Estate Loans

   
Residential Real Estate ($ in millions)
 
   
March 31,
2011
   
% of 
Consolidated
Total
   
December 31,
2010
   
% of 
Consolidated
Total
 
                         
Loans
  $ 4,035.0       11.5 %   $ 4,341.3       11.7 %
Nonaccrual loans
    230.2       14.6       273.8       17.5  
Accruing renegotiated loans
    234.8       45.6       263.8       48.1  
Loans past due 30-89 days
    116.1       26.3       164.1       38.0  
Quarter-to-date net charge-offs
    51.8       12.0       46.5       10.8  

Consistent with long standing practices, the Corporation does not originate sub-prime mortgages, variable interest-only payment plans, or mortgage loans that permit negative amortization.  The Corporation does not originate loans with below market or so-called teaser interest rates at closing and then increase after some contractual period of time.

Residential real estate loans are concentrated in Arizona (36%) and Wisconsin (35%).
 
 

 
Consistent with prior quarters, during the first quarter of 2011 the Corporation sold over 92% of its residential real estate production to the secondary market. At March 31, 2011, the residential real estate portfolio consisted of approximately 17% of residential real estate loans that were originated in 2004, 33% that were originated in 2008 or later and 50% that were originated in 2005 through 2007.  Loans originated in 2005 through 2007 have higher potential loss severity in the event of default because the collateral values underlying these loans experienced the greatest depreciation in value.

The Corporation processes a relatively low volume of residential mortgage foreclosures and many of the relevant processes are manual in nature and, as a result, the Corporation believes it does not have any significant issues relating to "robo signing" or documents not being reviewed prior to legal action.  At March 31, 2011, residential real estate loans held for investment and in the process of foreclosure amounted to $139.5 million.  The portfolio of residential mortgage loans serviced for others was $333.3 million, of which $4.1 million was in the process of foreclosure at March 31, 2011.

Residential real estate loans in Arizona have elevated levels of risk.  At March 31, 2011, Arizona residential real estate loans amounted to $1,456.4 million.  Nonperforming residential real estate loans in Arizona amounted to $125.6 million or 8.62% of total Arizona residential real estate loans.  Nonperforming residential real estate loans in Arizona represented 54.5% of total nonperforming residential real estate loans.

The ratio of nonaccrual residential real estate loans to total residential real estate loans at March 31, 2011 was 5.71%.  In Wisconsin, the ratio of nonaccrual residential real estate loans to total residential real estate loans at March 31, 2011 was 2.93%.

At March 31, 2011, approximately $184.4 million or 78.5% of accruing renegotiated residential real estate loans were in Arizona.  The total estimated cumulative default and re-default rate as of March 31, 2011 for renegotiated residential real estate loans that were restructured between June 2008 and December 2009 was approximately 31.8%.

The average annualized net charge-offs for residential real estate loans over the past nine quarters based on end of period loans was 5.2%.  Excluding the net charge-offs for the bulk loan sales completed in 2009, the average annualized net charge-offs over the past nine quarters based on end of period loans was 3.6%.  The average annualized net charge-offs for residential real estate loans for the three months ended March 31, 2011 was 5.2%.

Construction and Development Loans

   
Construction and Development ($ in millions)
 
   
March 31,
2011
   
% of 
Consolidated
Total
   
December 31,
2010
   
% of 
Consolidated
Total
 
                         
Loans
  $ 2,639.1       7.5 %   $ 3,201.7       8.7 %
Nonaccrual loans
    412.7       26.1       435.9       27.8  
Accruing renegotiated loans
    108.0       21.0       107.0       19.5  
Loans past due 30-89 days
    87.7       19.9       83.3       19.3  
Quarter-to-date net charge-offs
    111.3       25.7       123.8       28.8  

Construction and development loans consist of commercial construction, commercial land, construction by developers, residential land and construction by individuals.

The cumulative net charge-offs for construction and development loans was 36.8% of total loan and lease cumulative net charge-offs for the nine quarters ended March 31, 2011.  The average annualized net charge-offs for construction and development loans over the past nine quarters based on end of period loans was 14.6%.  Those losses were predominantly associated with construction and development loans located in Florida and Arizona.

The Corporation has significantly reduced the construction and development loan portfolio, which at its peak in 2007, was approximately 23% of total loans and leases outstanding.  The Corporation continues to reduce the construction and development portfolio. Given market conditions, construction and development loans are expected to continue to contract. Construction and development loans were 7.5% of total consolidated loans and leases at March 31, 2011.
 
 

 
The Corporation has also significantly reduced the amount and levels of nonperforming construction and development loans.  Since June 30, 2009, nonperforming construction and development loans have decreased at each consecutive quarter-end through March 31, 2011. At June 30, 2009, nonperforming construction and development loans amounted to $1,043.4 million or 15.28% of outstanding construction and development loans compared to nonperforming construction and development loans of $412.7 million or 15.64% of outstanding construction and development loans at March 31, 2011, a decrease of $630.7 million or 60.5%.  The decrease in nonperforming construction and development loans was primarily due to reduced levels of new nonperforming loans, restructurings, loan sales and charge-offs.

Construction and development loans in Florida and Arizona amounted to $992.1 million or 37.6% of total construction and development loans at March 31, 2011 compared to $1,182.7 million or 36.9% of total construction and development loans at December 31, 2010, a decrease of $190.6 million or 16.1%.  At March 31, 2011, nonperforming construction and development loans in Florida and Arizona amounted to $139.6 million or 14.1% of total construction and development loans in Florida and Arizona compared to nonperforming construction and development loans of $173.4 million or 14.7% of total construction and development loans in Florida and Arizona at December 31, 2010, a decrease of $33.8 million or 19.5%.  Nonperforming construction and development loans in Florida and Arizona represented 33.8% of total nonperforming construction and development loans at March 31, 2011 and 39.8% of total nonperforming construction and development loans at December 31, 2010.  Accruing renegotiated construction and development loans in Florida and Arizona amounted to $80.1 million or 74.2% of total accruing renegotiated construction and development loans at March 31, 2011 compared to $80.2 million or 75.0% of total accruing renegotiated construction and development loans at December 31, 2010 and was relatively unchanged.

Residential land loans have higher potential loss severity in the event of default because the collateral values underlying these loans have experienced the largest relative decline in value, especially in Arizona.  At March 31, 2011, residential land loans amounted to $972.8 million or 36.9% of total construction and development loans compared to $1,073.4 million or 33.5% of total construction and development loans at December 31, 2010, a decrease of $100.6 million or 9.4%.  Residential land loans in Arizona were 53.6% of total residential land loans at March 31, 2011 and 52.9% of total residential land loans at December 31, 2010.  At March 31, 2011, nonperforming residential land loans amounted to $96.3 million or 9.9% of total residential land loans compared to nonperforming residential land loans of $127.7 million or 11.9% of total residential land loans at December 31, 2010, a decrease of $31.4 million or 24.6%.  Nonperforming residential land loans in Arizona were 38.9% of total nonperforming residential land loans at March 31, 2011 and 37.2% of total nonperforming residential land loans at December 31, 2010.  Nonperforming residential land loans were 23.3% of total nonperforming construction and development loans at March 31, 2011 and 29.3% of total nonperforming construction and development loans at December 31, 2010.

Consumer Loans and Leases

   
Consumer ($ in millions)
 
   
March 31,
2011
   
% of 
Consolidated
Total
   
December 31,
2010
   
% of 
Consolidated
Total
 
                         
Loans and leases
  $ 5,288.9       15.0 %   $ 5,431.7       14.7 %
Nonaccrual loans and leases
    100.6       6.4       94.9       6.1  
Accruing renegotiated loans
    43.9       8.5       52.1       9.5  
Loans and leases past due 30-89 days
    72.7       16.5       83.5       19.4  
Quarter-to-date net charge-offs
    40.7       9.4       47.3       11.0  

The majority of consumer loans and leases are home equity loans and lines of credit which amounted to $4,051.2 million at March 31, 2011.  Home equity lines of credit represented 59.4% and home equity loans represented 40.6% of total home equity loans and lines of credit.  Approximately 45% of home equity loans and lines of credit are secured by first mortgages.  During 2005 and 2006, when real estate market values were at a peak, the majority of the Corporation’s wholesale home equity originations were sold.

The largest geographic concentration of home equity loans and lines of credit is in Wisconsin (36%) with the remainder geographically dispersed.
 
 

 
The average annualized net charge-offs for home equity loans and lines of credit over the past nine quarters based on end of period loans were 2.7%.  The average annualized net charge-offs for home equity loans and lines of credit for the three months ended December 31, 2010 based on end of period loans were 3.4%.  The average annualized net charge-offs for home equity loans and lines of credit for the three months ended March 31, 2011 based on end of period loans were 3.4%.

Credit card loans amounted to $264.4 million or 0.75% of total loans and leases at March 31, 2011.  Credit cards are not a significant component of the Corporation’s loan and lease portfolio.

Provision for Loan and Lease Losses

Consistent with the credit quality trends noted above, the provision for loan and lease losses amounted to $418.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011.  By comparison, the provision for loan and lease losses amounted to $429.1 million for the fourth quarter of 2010 and $458.1 million for the first quarter of 2010.  The provision for loan and lease losses is the amount required to establish the allowance for loan and lease losses at the required level after considering charge-offs and recoveries.

At March 31, 2011, the allowance for loan and lease losses amounted to $1,374.1 million or 3.91% of total loans and leases compared to $1,387.6 million or 3.75% of total loans and leases at December 31, 2010.

During the first quarter of 2011, the Corporation experienced a slight increase in nonperforming loans and leases and early stage delinquencies compared to the fourth quarter of 2010. The reported amount of the Corporation’s nonperforming loans and leases continues to be elevated, the improving economy remained fragile and unemployment levels continued to be volatile and elevated.  As demonstrated in 2008 and 2009, the credit environment and underlying collateral values can change rapidly.  Based on those considerations, the Corporation determined that the allowance for loan and lease losses in the first quarter of 2011 should remain consistent with the prior quarter after taking into consideration the effect of loan sales during the quarter.

The Corporation’s credit quality statistics as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2011 reinforced recent trends with additional positive evidence that the Corporation has experienced stabilized credit performance.  Management expects that these trends will continue.  Management also expects that continuing credit improvement along with continued improvement in the economy and a reduction or stabilization in unemployment would result in lower provisions for loan and lease losses and a reduced allowance for loan and lease losses in future quarters.  There are numerous unknown factors at this time that will ultimately affect the timing and amount of nonperforming loans and leases, net charge-offs and the provision for loan and lease losses that will be recognized in the remainder of 2011.  The timing and amount of charge-offs will continue to be influenced by loan sales and the Corporation’s other strategies for managing its nonperforming loans and leases.

The Corporation will continue to proactively manage its potential problem loans and nonperforming loans and leases and be aggressive to isolate, identify and assess its underlying loan and lease portfolio credit quality.  The Corporation has developed and continues to develop strategies, such as selective sales of nonperforming loans and restructuring loans to qualified borrowers, to mitigate its loss exposure.  Construction and development loans tend to be more complex and may take more time to attain a satisfactory resolution.  Depending on the facts and circumstances, acquiring real estate collateral in partial or total satisfaction of problem loans may continue to be the best course of action to take in order to mitigate the Corporation’s exposure to loss.


OTHER INCOME

Total other income in the first quarter of 2011 amounted to $186.5 million compared to $221.7 million in the same period last year.

Total other income for the three months ended March 31, 2011 includes net investment securities gains and net gains associated with loans available for sale (other than mortgage loans originated for sale).  For the three months ended March 31, 2011, these items amounted to $7.9 million.  Total other income for the three months ended March 31, 2010 includes gain from early debt terminations, net losses due to write-downs associated with loans available for sale (other than mortgage loans originated for sale) and the gain associated with the sale of merchant portfolio processing. For the three months ended March 31, 2010, these items amounted to $51.4 million.  Excluding these items, total other income in the first quarter of 2011 amounted to $178.6 million compared to $170.3 million in the same period last year, an increase of $8.3 million or 4.9%.
 
 

 
Wealth management revenue amounted to $74.3 million in the first quarter of 2011 compared to $68.1 million in the first quarter of 2010, an increase of $6.2 million or 9.1%.  Assets under management were $34.1 billion at March 31, 2011 and $32.7 billion at March 31, 2010 which reflects the positive effect of the financial markets and continued expansion of the customer base.  Assets under administration were $136.2 billion at March 31, 2011 compared to $124.6 billion at March 31, 2010.  Revenue growth was experienced in both personal and institutional trust services.  Wealth management revenue will continue to be affected by market volatility and direction through the remainder of 2011.

For the three months ended March 31, 2011, service charges on deposits amounted to $32.9 million compared to $32.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010, an increase of $0.8 million or 2.6%.  A portion of this source of fee income is sensitive to interest rates.  As expected, the Corporation has experienced some decline in service charge revenue due to recent changes in banking regulations.  Overdraft revenue is not a significant source of revenue for the Corporation.  However, the Corporation has introduced new products targeted to those customers that have historically generated overdrafts and has had success in recovering a portion of this lost revenue.
 
Total mortgage banking revenue was $7.6 million in the first quarter of 2011 compared to $6.4 million in the first quarter of 2010, an increase of $1.2 million. Residential mortgage loans sold in the secondary market amounted to $0.4 billion in each of the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010.

Net investment securities gains amounted to $7.2 million in the first quarter of 2011 and were primarily associated with net gains on private equity investments.

Bank-owned life insurance revenue amounted to $11.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011 compared to $10.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010.  The recovery in the value of the underlying invested assets throughout 2009 resulted in improved crediting rates in the three months ended March 31, 2011 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2010.

Gain on the termination of debt amounted to $10.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010.  During the first quarter of 2010, the Corporation re-acquired and extinguished subordinated long term borrowings issued by the Corporation’s wholly-owned subsidiary, M&I Marshall & Ilsley Bank (“M&I Bank”), with a par value of $100.9 million.

During the first quarter of 2010, the Corporation sold its merchant portfolio processing at a gain of $48.3 million.  Like other bank holding companies, the Corporation determined that processing, clearing, settlement and related services with respect to credit card and debit card transactions with merchants was not a significant source of revenue or part of the Corporation’s core operating activities.

Other income in the first quarter of 2011 amounted to $53.3 million compared to $45.7 million in the first quarter of 2010, an increase of $7.6 million or 16.7%. The net gains or losses associated with loans available for sale (other than mortgage loans originated for sale) are reported in other income in the Consolidated Statements of Income and amounted to a net gain of $0.7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2011 compared to a net loss of $7.2 million in the three month period ended March 31, 2010.


OTHER EXPENSE

Total other expense for the three months ended March 31, 2011 amounted to $325.7 million compared to $365.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010, a decrease of $39.9 million or 10.9%.

Total other expense for the three months ended March 31, 2011 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2010 included elevated levels of credit and collection-related expenses and elevated levels of expenses associated with the acquisition, valuation and holding of OREO properties, which are referred to collectively as “credit and collection expense”.
 
 

 
Total other expense for the three months ended March 31, 2011 includes the loss from the redemption of two out of the four outstanding issues of junior preferred debt securities (trust preferred securities) that are required to be redeemed by the Corporation under the merger agreement with BMO.

Total other expense for the three months ended March 31, 2011 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2010 included non-cash charges to write-off the unamortized issuance costs attributable to redeemed brokered CDs.

The impact of these items is shown in the following tables ($ in millions):
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
               
Change
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
Amount
   
Pct
 
                         
Credit and collection expenses
  $ 27.4     $ 40.6     $ (13.2 )     (32.5 )%
Loss on termination of debt
    0.8       -       0.8       100.0  
Loss on brokered CDs
    -       5.8       (5.8 )     (100.0 )
All other
    297.5       319.2       (21.7 )     (6.8 )
Total other expense
  $ 325.7     $ 365.6     $ (39.9 )     (10.9 )%


The Corporation’s expense in the three months ended March 31, 2011 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2010, excluding the items discussed above, decreased $21.7 million or 6.8%.

The efficiency ratio is a non-GAAP statistical measure that is used to evaluate comparative expense control across the financial services industry.  The efficiency ratio is calculated by dividing total other expense by the sum of total other income (excluding investment securities gains and losses) and net interest income FTE.  The Corporation’s efficiency ratios for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 were:

Efficiency Ratio
($000’s)


   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
             
Total other expense
  $ 325,678     $ 365,587  
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
    331       389  
Total expense for efficiency ratio
  $ 326,009     $ 365,976  
                 
Net interest income
  $ 346,734     $ 403,465  
FTE adjustment
    5,416       5,692  
Total other income
    186,456       221,660  
Less:  net investment securities gains / losses
    (7,212 )     (102 )
Total other income and net interest income FTE
  $ 531,394     $ 630,715  
                 
Efficiency ratio
    61.4 %     58.0 %


The efficiency ratio for the first quarter of 2011 was adversely affected by the elevated costs for credit and collection expenses,  the loss from the redemption of trust preferred securities and expenses associated with the pending merger with BMO.  The efficiency ratio for the first quarter of 2011 was positively impacted by the net gains associated with loans available for sale (other than mortgage loans originated for sale).  The estimated adverse net impact of these items on the Corporation’s efficiency ratio for the three months ended March 31, 2011 was approximately 5.4%.
 
 

 
The efficiency ratio for the first quarter of 2010 was adversely impacted by the elevated credit and collection expenses, net losses due to write-downs associated with loans available for sale (other than mortgage loans originated for sale) and non-cash charges to write-off the unamortized issuance costs attributable to redeemed brokered CDs. The efficiency ratio for the first quarter of 2010 was positively impacted by gains on the termination of debt and the gain associated with the sale of merchant portfolio processing.  The estimated adverse net impact on the Corporation’s efficiency ratio for the three months ended March 31, 2010 from these items was approximately 2.9%.

Salaries and employee benefits expense amounted to $155.5 million in the first quarter of 2011 compared to $161.6 million in the first quarter of 2010, a decrease of $6.1 million or 3.8%. The number of full-time equivalent employees at March 31, 2011 was approximately 6.0% less than the number of full-time equivalent employees at March 31, 2010.

Net occupancy and equipment expense, software expenses, processing charges and supplies, printing, postage and delivery expenses amounted to $81.3 million in the first quarter of 2011 compared to $82.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010.

FDIC insurance premiums on deposits amounted to $22.5 million in the first quarter of 2011 compared to $27.3 million in the first quarter of 2010, a decrease of $4.8 million or 17.4%.  FDIC insurance premiums in the first quarter of 2010 included the cost of participating in the FDIC’s Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program.

Professional services expense amounted to $22.3 million in the first quarter of 2011 compared to $20.8 million in the first quarter of 2010, an increase of $1.5 million or 7.2%.  Legal fees and other professional fees associated with problem loans increased $2.2 million in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010.
 
Net OREO expenses amounted to $15.8 million in the first quarter of 2011 compared to $31.6 million in the first quarter of 2010, a decrease of $15.8 million or 50.1%.  The costs of acquiring and holding the elevated levels of foreclosed properties decreased $1.1 million or 9.2% in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010. Valuation write-downs decreased $9.7 million in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010.  For the three months ended March 31, 2011, net gains from the sale of OREO amounted to $6.4 million compared to $1.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010.  The Corporation expects that higher levels of expenses associated with acquiring and holding foreclosed properties will continue.  Valuation write-downs and net gains or losses on the disposition of OREO will depend on real estate market conditions.

Loss on brokered CDs represents the non-cash charge to write-off the unamortized issuance costs attributable to brokered CDs that are called prior to their scheduled maturity.  There were no losses on brokered CDs in the first quarter of 2011 compared to $5.8 million in the first quarter of 2010.  During the first quarter of 2010, the Corporation redeemed $0.6 billion of brokered CDs.

Loss on termination of debt amounted to $0.8 million in the first quarter of 2011. That loss resulted from the redemption of two out of the four outstanding issues of junior preferred debt securities (trust preferred securities) that are required to be redeemed by the Corporation under the merger agreement with BMO.

Other expense amounted to $23.1 million in the first quarter of 2011 compared to $31.2 million in the first quarter of 2010, a decrease of $8.1 million or 25.8%.  The decline in other expense in the three months ended March 31, 2011 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2010 was generally distributed across different types of expenses.
 
 

 
INCOME TAXES

For the three months ended March 31, 2011, the benefit for income taxes amounted to $95.0 million or 45.0% of the pre-tax loss, compared to the benefit for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2010 of $83.6 million or 42.1% of the pre-tax loss.

The health care acts signed into law in March 2010 effectively changed the income tax treatment of federal subsidies paid to sponsors of retiree health benefit plans that provide qualifying prescription drug benefits.  Under the health care acts, beginning in 2013 the Corporation’s income tax deduction for the costs of providing Medicare Part D-equivalent prescription drug benefits to retirees will be reduced by the amount of the subsidy.  Under GAAP, any impact from a change in tax law must be recognized in earnings in the period enacted regardless of the effective date.  As a result, the Corporation recognized a noncash charge of $4.1 million for the write-off of deferred tax assets to reflect the change in tax treatment of the federal subsidy.


LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Total equity was $6.23 billion or 12.56% of total consolidated assets at March 31, 2011 compared to $6.34 billion or 12.47% of total consolidated assets at December 31, 2010 and $6.87 billion or 12.15% of total consolidated assets at March 31, 2010.

During the first quarter of 2011, the Corporation paid cash dividends of $5.3 million or $0.01 per share on its common stock.  Currently, the Corporation is required to obtain the prior approval of the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago (the “Federal Reserve”) and the Wisconsin Department of Financial Institutions (the “DFI”) to pay a cash dividend on its common stock.
 
On November 14, 2008, as part of the Corporation’s participation in the CPP, the Corporation entered into a Letter Agreement with the UST.  Pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement – Standard Terms (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”) attached to the Letter Agreement, the Corporation sold 1,715,000 shares of the Corporation’s Senior Preferred Stock, having a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share, for a total price of $1,715 million.  The Senior Preferred Stock qualifies as Tier 1 capital and pays cumulative compounding dividends at a rate of 5% per year for the first five years and 9% per year thereafter.
 
Under the terms of the Securities Purchase Agreement, as long as any Senior Preferred Stock is outstanding, the Corporation may pay quarterly common stock cash dividends of up to $0.32 per share, and may redeem or repurchase its common stock, provided that all accrued and unpaid dividends for all past dividend periods on the Senior Preferred Stock are fully paid.  Prior to the third anniversary of the UST’s purchase of the Senior Preferred Stock, unless the Senior Preferred Stock has been redeemed or the UST has transferred all of the Senior Preferred Stock to third parties, the consent of the UST will be required for the Corporation to increase its common stock dividend to more than $0.32 per share per quarter or repurchase its common stock or other equity or capital securities, other than in connection with benefit plans consistent with past practice and certain other circumstances specified in the Securities Purchase Agreement.  The Senior Preferred Stock is non-voting, except for class voting rights on matters that would adversely affect the rights of the holders of the Senior Preferred Stock.
 
As a condition to participating in the CPP, the Corporation issued and sold to the UST a warrant (the “Warrant”) to purchase 13,815,789 shares (the “Warrant Shares”) of the Corporation’s common stock, at an initial per share exercise price of $18.62, for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $257.25 million.  The term of the Warrant is ten years.  The Warrant is no longer subject to any contractual restrictions on transfer.  The Warrant provides for the adjustment of the exercise price and the number of Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise pursuant to customary anti-dilution provisions, such as upon stock splits or distributions of securities or other assets to holders of the Corporation’s common stock, and upon certain issuances of the Corporation’s common stock at or below a specified price range relative to the initial exercise price.  Pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement, the UST has agreed not to exercise voting power with respect to any shares of common stock issued upon exercise of the Warrant.
 
Pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement, until the UST no longer owns any shares of the Senior Preferred Stock, the Warrant or Warrant Shares, the Corporation’s employee benefit plans and other executive compensation arrangements for its senior executive officers (as defined in the applicable UST regulations) must continue to comply in all respects with Section 111(b) of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act and the rules and regulations of the UST promulgated thereunder.
 
 
 
 
For accounting purposes, the proceeds of $1,715 million were allocated between the preferred stock and the warrant based on their relative fair values.  The initial value of the Warrant, which is classified as equity, was $81.12 million.  The entire discount on the Senior Preferred Stock, created from the initial value assigned to the Warrant, will be accreted over a five year period in a manner that produces a level preferred stock dividend yield which is 6.10%.  At the end of the fifth year, the carrying amount of the Senior Preferred Stock will equal its liquidation value.
 
Preferred dividends accrued and discount accretion on the Senior Preferred Stock amounted to $25.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011.  On February 16, 2011, the Corporation paid the quarterly dividend on the Senior Preferred Stock for the period from November 16, 2010 through February 15, 2011 in the amount of $21.4 million.
 
On December 17, 2010, the Corporation and BMO announced that they have entered into a definitive merger agreement under which BMO will acquire all outstanding shares of common stock of the Corporation in a stock-for-stock transaction. Under the merger agreement, BMO has agreed to purchase the Senior Preferred Stock at par plus accrued interest - with full repayment to the UST immediately prior to closing.  The Corporation’s existing warrants held by the UST will also be purchased by BMO.
 
At March 31, 2011, the net loss in accumulated other comprehensive income amounted to $77.9 million, which represented a positive change in accumulated other comprehensive income of $28.9 million since December 31, 2010.  Net accumulated other comprehensive income associated with available for sale investment securities was a net loss of approximately $43.5 million at March 31, 2011, compared to a net loss of $66.2 million at December 31, 2010, resulting in a net gain of $22.7 million over the three month period.  The net unrealized loss associated with the change in fair value of the Corporation’s derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges decreased $6.7 million since December 31, 2010, and amounted to a net loss of $35.0 million at March 31, 2011, compared to a net loss of $41.7 million at December 31, 2010.  The amount required to adjust the Corporation’s postretirement health benefit liability to its funded status included in accumulated other comprehensive income amounted to an unrealized gain of approximately $0.6 million as of March 31, 2011.

The Corporation continues to have a strong capital base and its regulatory capital ratios are significantly above the minimum requirements as shown in the following tables.

Risk-Based Capital Ratios
($ in millions)
 
   
March 31, 2011
   
December 31, 2010
 
   
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
 
Tier 1 Capital
  $ 4,156       10.95 %   $ 4,430       11.14 %
Tier 1 Capital Minimum Requirement
    1,518       4.00       1,590       4.00  
Excess
  $ 2,638       6.95 %   $ 2,840       7.14 %
                                 
Total Capital
  $ 5,363       14.13 %   $ 5,665       14.25 %
Total Capital Minimum Requirement
    3,037       8.00       3,181       8.00  
Excess
  $ 2,326       6.13 %   $ 2,484       6.25 %
                                 
Risk-Adjusted Assets
  $ 37,961             $ 39,760          
 
 
 
 
Leverage Ratios
($ in millions)
 
   
March 31, 2011
   
December 31, 2010
 
   
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
 
Tier 1 Capital
  $ 4,156       8.58 %   $ 4,430       8.91 %
Minimum Leverage Requirement
    1,452 - 2,421       3.00 - 5.00       1,492 - 2,487       3.00 - 5.00  
Excess
  $ 2,704 - $1,735       5.58 - 3.58 %   $ 2,938 - $1,943       5.91 - 3.91 %
                                 
Adjusted Average Total Assets
  $ 48,410             $ 49,737          
 
The Corporation manages its liquidity to ensure that funds are available to each of its banks to satisfy the cash flow requirements of depositors and borrowers and to ensure the Corporation’s own cash requirements are met.  The Corporation maintains liquidity by obtaining funds from several sources.

Cash and short-term investments held at the Federal Reserve amounted to $3.2 billion at March 31, 2011.  At the present time, these balances represent the Corporation’s most readily available source of liquidity.

Another readily available source of liquidity to the Corporation is its investment portfolio.  Investment securities available for sale, which totaled $6.3 billion at March 31, 2011, represent a highly accessible source of liquidity.  The Corporation’s portfolio of held-to-maturity investment securities provides liquidity from maturities.

Depositors within the Corporation’s defined markets are another source of liquidity.  Core deposits (demand, savings, money market and consumer time deposits) averaged $29.2 billion in the first quarter of 2011, a decrease of  approximately $0.3 billion or 1.1% compared to the fourth quarter of 2010.  These core deposits represented 77.1% of total consolidated average deposits for the first quarter of 2011 compared to 76.6% in the fourth quarter of 2010.

The Corporation has historically used brokered deposits to supplement deposit funding generated through the Corporation’s banking branch network due to pricing advantages.  As a result of unstable market conditions in the capital markets during 2008 and 2009, the Corporation increased its use of brokered deposits primarily because the cost of brokered deposits was below the cost of issuing debt, especially new long-term borrowings.  Brokered and institutional certificates of deposit represented 37.2% of total average wholesale deposit balances in the first quarter of 2011 compared to 52.4% of total average wholesale deposit balances in the year ended December 31, 2010.  The weighted average remaining term of outstanding brokered and institutional certificates of deposit at March 31, 2011 was 9.6 years. The Corporation expects that it will continue to place less reliance on wholesale deposits.

The Corporation's banking affiliates may also access the federal funds markets or utilize collateralized borrowings such as treasury demand notes, FHLB advances or other forms of collateralized borrowings.

As a result of asset contraction, core deposit growth and management’s decision to maintain higher levels of liquid assets, the Corporation has also reduced its use of short-term borrowings.  In addition to a source of funding, short-term borrowings may be used to accommodate correspondent bank customers’ needs and to manage its interest rate risk. The Corporation does not net short-term positions for reporting purposes or account for any security repurchase agreements as sales.
 
 
 
 
During the first quarter of 2011, short-term borrowings consisted predominantly of federal funds purchased and security repurchase agreements. Information related to Federal funds purchased and security repurchase agreements at March 31, 2011 and the three months ended March 31, 2011 were as follows ($000’s):
 

Amount outstanding at quarter end
  $ 195,977  
Average amount outstanding during the quarter
    263,529  
Maximum outstanding at any month's end
    268,685  
Weighted average interest rate at quarter end
    0.19 %
Weighted average interest rate during the quarter
    0.21 %
 
The national capital markets represent a further source of liquidity to the Corporation.

The Corporation and/or M&I Bank may repurchase or redeem its outstanding debt securities from time to time, including, without limitation, senior and subordinated global bank notes, medium-term corporate notes, MiNotes or junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures and the related trust preferred securities.  Such repurchases or redemptions may be made in open market purchases, in privately negotiated transactions or otherwise for cash or other consideration.  Any such repurchases or redemptions will be made on an opportunistic basis as market conditions permit and are dependent on the Corporation’s liquidity needs, compliance with any contractual or indenture restrictions, regulatory requirements and other factors the Corporation deems relevant.

During the first quarter of 2011, the Corporation redeemed the $38.0 million of Gold Banc Trust IV and the $15.0 million of Trustcorp Statutory Trust I trust preferred debt securities at a loss.  The securities were redeemed pursuant to the merger agreement with BMO, which requires the Corporation to redeem all four of its outstanding issues of junior preferred debt securities (trust preferred securities) prior to the closing of the merger with BMO. The Corporation redeemed the remaining two issues of trust preferred securities in April 2011. The loss on the trust preferred securities redeemed during the first quarter of 2011 amounted to $0.8 million and is reported in Other expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income as Loss on Termination of Debt.

Federal and state banking laws place certain restrictions on the amount of dividends and loans which a bank may make to its parent company.  Such restrictions have not had, and are not expected to have, any material effect on the Corporation’s ability to meet its cash obligations. The market impact of the recession and deterioration in the national real estate markets have resulted in a strain on liquidity in the financial services sector.  However, the common stock issued in financing transactions in 2009 and participation in the CPP in 2008 provided the Corporation with $3.1 billion in cash and significantly increased its regulatory and tangible capital levels.  Notwithstanding the current national capital market impact on the cost and availability of liquidity, management believes that it has adequate liquidity to ensure that funds are available to the Corporation and each of its banks to satisfy their cash flow requirements.
 
M&I Bank has implemented a global bank note program that permits it to issue and sell up to a maximum of US $13.0 billion aggregate principal amount (or the equivalent thereof in other currencies) at any one time outstanding of its senior global bank notes with maturities of seven days or more from their respective date of issue and subordinated global bank notes with maturities more than five years from their respective date of issue.  The notes may be fixed rate or floating rate and the exact terms will be specified in the applicable Pricing Supplement or the applicable Program Supplement.  This program is intended to enhance liquidity by enabling M&I Bank to sell its debt instruments in global markets in the future without the delays that would otherwise be incurred.  At March 31, 2011, approximately $11.4 billion of new debt could be issued under M&I Bank’s global bank note program.

Bank notes outstanding at March 31, 2011 amounted to $2.1 billion, of which $1.4 billion is subordinated.  A portion of the subordinated bank notes qualifies as supplementary capital for regulatory capital purposes.

During the second quarter of 2008, the Corporation filed a shelf registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission enabling the Corporation to issue up to 6.0 million shares of its common stock from time to time in connection with acquisitions by the Corporation and/or consolidated subsidiaries of the Corporation.  At March 31, 2011, approximately 1.14 million shares of the Corporation’s common stock could be issued under the shelf registration statement for future acquisitions.

On October 13, 2010, the Corporation filed a shelf registration statement for the sale of an unspecified number of the Corporation’s securities by the Corporation or by selling security holders from time to time.  The registration statement covers the sale of senior and subordinated debt securities, common and preferred stock, depositary shares, stock purchase contracts, units, and warrants.  The registration statement was filed to replace the Corporation’s existing shelf registration statement, which expired on November 6, 2010.

 

 
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

Other than the redemption of the trust preferred securities as previously discussed, at March 31, 2011, there have been no substantive changes with respect to the Corporation’s off-balance sheet activities disclosed in the Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.  The Corporation continues to believe that based on the off-balance sheet arrangements with which it is presently involved, such off-balance sheet arrangements neither have, nor are reasonably likely to have, a material impact to its current or future financial condition, results of operations, liquidity or capital.


CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The Corporation has established various accounting policies that govern the application of accounting principles generally accepted in the United States in the preparation of the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.  The significant accounting policies of the Corporation are described in the footnotes to the consolidated financial statements contained herein and updated as necessary in its Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q.  Certain accounting policies involve significant judgments and assumptions by management that may have a material impact on the carrying value of certain assets and liabilities.  Management considers such accounting policies to be critical accounting policies.  The judgments and assumptions used by management are based on historical experience and other factors, which are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.  Because of the nature of judgments and assumptions made by management, actual results could differ from these judgments and estimates which could have a material impact on the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the results of the operations of the Corporation.  Management continues to consider the following to be those accounting policies that require significant judgments and assumptions:

Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses

The allowance for loan and lease losses represents management’s estimate of probable losses inherent in the Corporation’s loan and lease portfolio.  Management’s evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses is a subjective process impacted by many factors. Some factors considered in determining the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses are quantifiable while other factors require qualitative judgment.   Management evaluates the allowance each quarter to determine that it is adequate to absorb these inherent losses.  This evaluation is supported by a methodology that identifies estimated losses based on assessments of individual problem loans, historical loss patterns of homogeneous loan pools and adjustments to reflect current economic conditions. The lagging of credit quality measurements relative to the performance of the loan portfolio and numerous other factors create degrees of imprecision in these measurements. Management considers the effect of imprecision and many other factors in determining the allowance for credit losses.  In addition, environmental factors, including economic conditions and regulatory guidance, unique to each measurement date are also considered.

The Corporation’s reserving methodology is described in Note 8 – Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Credit quality trends that affected the allowance for loan and lease losses are discussed in Summary of Loan and Lease Loss Experience and Credit Quality.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method.  Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.  The effect on tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the income statement in the period that includes the enactment date.

The determination of current and deferred income taxes is based on complex analyses of many factors, including interpretation of Federal and state income tax laws, the difference between tax and financial reporting basis of assets and liabilities (temporary differences), estimates of amounts currently due or owed, such as the timing of reversals of temporary differences and current accounting standards.
 
 

 
The Federal and state taxing authorities periodically review the Corporation’s interpretation of Federal and state income tax laws and make assessments based on their determination of tax laws.  Tax liabilities could differ significantly from the estimates and interpretations used in determining the current and deferred income tax liabilities based on the completion of taxing authority examinations.  The Corporation establishes tax liabilities or reduces tax assets for uncertain tax positions when, despite its belief that its tax return positions are appropriate and supportable under local tax law, the Corporation believes it may not succeed in realizing the tax benefit of certain positions if challenged.  In evaluating a tax position, the Corporation determines whether it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position.  The Corporation’s estimate of the ultimate tax liability contains assumptions based on past experiences, and judgments about potential actions by taxing jurisdictions as well as judgments about the likely outcome of issues that have been raised by taxing jurisdictions.  The tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement.  The Corporation evaluates these uncertain tax positions each quarter and adjusts the related tax liabilities or assets in light of changing facts and circumstances, such as the progress of a tax audit or the expiration of a statute of limitations.  The Corporation believes the estimates and assumptions used to support its evaluation of uncertain tax positions are reasonable.  At March 31, 2011, the Corporation does not expect its unrecognized tax benefits to significantly increase or decrease within the next 12 months.

At March 31, 2011, the Corporation reported a net deferred tax asset of approximately $1.5 billion.  On an ongoing basis, management evaluates the deferred tax asset to determine if a valuation allowance is required.  The determination of whether a valuation allowance is required is based on available positive and negative evidence.  Based on its analysis of the evidence, the Corporation determined that no valuation allowance was required to be recorded against the Federal deferred tax asset at March 31, 2011.  The Corporation is in a 3-year cumulative loss position as of December 31, 2010.  The cumulative losses were primarily attributable to the significantly higher amount of credit losses associated with real estate loans and the goodwill impairment charge recorded in 2008.  This was considered as a significant piece of negative evidence.

The positive evidence the Corporation considered consisted of the following:  despite the credit related losses, the Corporation’s pre-tax, pre-provision income has remained stable and provides the base of income that will allow the Corporation to utilize its net operating losses as the economy improves.

Pre-tax, pre-provision income is a non-GAAP measure that the Corporation believes is useful in analyzing underlying performance trends.  This is the level of earnings adjusted to exclude the impact of the provision for loan and lease losses, which is excluded because its absolute level is elevated and volatile.  This financial measure is considered to be an important metric with which to supplement the analysis and evaluation of the Corporation’s results of operations and financial strength.

The following table reflects pretax, pre-provision income for the first quarter of 2011, and the four quarters of 2010:

Income Before Taxes and Provision for Loan and Lease Losses
 
(Pre-tax, Pre-provision Income)
 
($000's)
 
                               
                               
   
Three Months Ended
 
   
March 31
   
Dec. 31
   
Sept. 30
   
June 30
   
March 31
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2010
   
2010
   
2010
 
                               
Loss before income taxes
  $ (211,291 )   $ (202,895 )   $ (246,364 )   $ (251,661 )   $ (198,574 )
Add:  Provision for loan and lease losses
    418,803       429,133       431,744       439,899       458,112  
Total pre-tax, pre-provision income
  $ 207,512     $ 226,238     $ 185,380     $ 188,238     $ 259,538  
 
 

 
Net operating losses have a 20 year carryforward life.  The Corporation forecasted sufficient taxable income during the carryforward period, exclusive of tax planning strategies, to utilize the net operating losses prior to expiration.  Projected taxable income was based on objectively verifiable evidence.  Under this method, certain losses which were considered “nonrecurring” were added back to the 2010 loss before income taxes.  Nonrecurring losses were determined to be primarily credit losses and related expenses associated with the Corporation’s construction and development loan portfolio, which the Corporation deemed to be appropriate given its strategy of minimizing this type of lending.  This loan type experienced the greatest amount of stress over the past two years.  The Corporation has significantly reduced its exposure to these types of loans through loan sales and charge-offs and minimized this type of lending.  Based on this analysis, the deferred tax asset and the net operating losses would be fully recovered well before expiration.  The Corporation considered this method to be conservative because the credit losses and related expenses for the Corporation’s other loan types were projected to continue in future periods at the 2010 levels, which were considered to be elevated compared to historical experience.  The Corporation’s capital base was considered more than adequate to withstand the expected timeframe required to utilize the net operating losses.

The realization of the deferred tax asset can be subjective and could be significantly reduced in the near term if estimates of future taxable income are significantly lower than currently forecasted.

Fair Value Measurements

The Corporation measures fair value in accordance with the Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures Topic of the Codification, which provides a framework for measuring fair value under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.  The topic defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  The topic also addresses the valuation techniques used to measure fair value.  These valuation techniques include the market approach, income approach and cost approach.  The market approach uses prices or relevant information generated by market transactions that are identical to or comparable with assets or liabilities being valued.  The income approach involves converting future amounts based on current market expectations about those future amounts to a single present amount.  The cost approach is based on the amount that currently would be required to replace the service capacity of an asset.
 
The Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures Topic of the Codification, establishes a fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels.  The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3).  The reported fair value of a financial instrument is categorized within the fair value hierarchy based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the instrument’s fair value measurement.  The three levels within the fair value hierarchy consist of the following:
 
Level 1 - Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
 
Level 2 - Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.  Fair values for these instruments are estimated using pricing models, quoted prices of financial assets or liabilities with similar characteristics or discounted cash flows.
 
Level 3 - Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.  Fair values are initially valued based upon a transaction price and are adjusted to reflect exit values as evidenced by financing and sale transactions with third parties.
 
A description of the valuation methodologies used for financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy is disclosed in Note 3 – Fair Value Measurements in Notes to Financial Statements.
 
In addition to financial instruments that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, fair values are used in purchase price allocations and goodwill impairment testing.
 
 
 
 
Measurements other than Level 1 involve various valuation techniques and models, which seek to maximize inputs that are observable, when available.  Selecting the relevant inputs, appropriate valuation techniques and the appropriate category to report the fair value of a financial instrument requires varying levels of judgment depending on the facts and circumstances.  The determination of some fair values can be a complex analysis of many factors.  Judgment is required when determining the fair value of an asset or liability when either relevant observable inputs do not exist or available observable inputs are in a market that is not active.  When relevant observable inputs are not available, the Corporation must use its own assumptions about future cash flows and appropriately risk-adjusted discount rates.  Conversely, in some cases observable inputs may require significant adjustments.  For example, in cases where the volume and level of trading activity in an asset or liability have declined significantly, the available prices vary significantly over time or among market participants, or the prices are not current, the observable inputs might not be relevant and could require significant adjustment.
 
Valuation techniques and models used to measure the fair value of financial assets on a recurring basis are reviewed and validated by the Corporation at least quarterly and in some cases monthly.  In addition, the Corporation monitors the fair values of significant assets and liabilities using a variety of methods including the evaluation of pricing service information, using exception reports based on analytical criteria, comparisons to previous trades or broker quotes and overall reviews and assessments for reasonableness.
 
Goodwill Impairment Tests

Goodwill is tested for impairment using a two-step process that begins with an estimation of the fair value of a reporting unit.  A reporting unit is an operating segment or one level below an operating segment as defined by the Segment Reporting Topic of the Codification.  This first step is a screen for potential impairment.  The second step, if necessary, measures the amount of impairment, if any.  Goodwill is reviewed for impairment annually as of June 30th or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist.  Goodwill has been assigned to six reporting units for purposes of impairment testing.
 
Significant judgment is applied when goodwill is assessed for impairment.  The judgment includes developing cash flow projections, selecting appropriate discount rates, identifying relevant market comparables, incorporating general economic and market conditions and selecting an appropriate control premium.  The assumptions used in the goodwill impairment assessment and the application of these estimates and assumptions are discussed below.
 
The estimated fair values for the Commercial Banking, Private Banking and Trust reporting units at June 30, 2010 were determined by equally weighting an income approach (50%) and market approach (50%) to assess if potential goodwill impairment existed.  For the Capital Markets, National Consumer Banking and the Brokerage reporting units the estimated fair value at June 30, 2010 was determined by weighting 100% to an income approach.  The Corporation determined that there was not sufficient comparable metrics associated with guideline companies and those reporting units to place any reliance on the market approach.
 
The income approach is based on discounted cash flows (“DCF”).  The key assumptions used to determine fair value under the income approach included the cash flows, terminal values based on a terminal growth rate and the discount rate.  Under the DCF method, forecasted cash flows were developed for each reporting unit by considering several key business drivers such as new business initiatives, client retention standards, market share changes, anticipated loan and deposit growth, historical performance, and industry and economic trends, among other considerations.  The long-term growth rate used in determining the terminal value of each reporting unit was estimated at 10% for the Trust reporting unit and 3% for all other reporting units based on the Corporation’s assessment of the minimum expected terminal growth rate of each reporting unit, as well as broader economic considerations such as gross domestic product and inflation.  Due to the current state of the economy, unemployment levels and the lending environment, significant judgment was required to estimate the duration of the economic recession and the period and strength of recovery, especially for the Commercial Banking, Private Banking and National Consumer Banking reporting units.  Discount rates were estimated based on a Capital Asset Pricing Model, which considers the risk-free interest rate, market risk premium, beta, and in some cases, unsystematic risk and size premium adjustments specific to a particular reporting unit.  The risk-free rate was 3.9% at June 30, 2010 and was based on 20-year Treasury Bonds.  The discount rates used in the income approach for the six reporting units evaluated at June 30, 2010 ranged from 11.5% to 17%.  Higher discount rates were used for banking-related segments and reporting units to account for the risk in the cash flow projections associated with the estimate of the duration of the economic recession and the period and strength of recovery.  An increase to the discount rate of 1% would have lowered the preliminary fair value determined under the income approach for the nine reporting units evaluated at June 30, 2010 by a range of $10.0 million to $160.0 million. Each reporting unit with excess shown in the table below would continue to have excess under the increased discount rate.
 
 
 
 
The market approach is a technique that provides indications of value based upon comparisons of the reporting unit to market values and pricing evidence of public companies in the same or similar lines of businesses.  Market ratios (pricing multiples) and performance fundamentals relating to the public companies’ stock prices (equity) were applied to each reporting unit as previously discussed to determine indications of its fair value.
 
The aggregate fair values were compared to the Corporation’s market capitalization as an assessment of the appropriateness of the fair value measurements.  The Corporation used the average stock price for the month of June 2010.  The comparison between the aggregate fair values and market capitalization indicated an implied premium.  A control premium analysis indicated that the implied premium was within a range of the overall premiums observed in the market place.
 
The following table presents the goodwill allocated to each segment or reporting unit and the results of the step one analysis, which depicts the extent to which fair value exceeded carrying value (Excess) and the extent to which carrying value exceeded fair value (Deficiency) at June 30, 2010 ($ in millions):


Results of Step One Goodwill Analysis
 
             
Segment/Reporting Unit
 
Allocated
Goodwill
   
Excess
(Deficiency)
 
Commercial Banking Segment
  $ 325.0     $ 368.0  
Trust Reporting Unit
    95.1       200.0  
National Consumer Banking Reporting Unit
    88.3       (138.0 )
Private Banking Reporting Unit
    68.5       42.0  
Capital Markets Reporting Unit
    32.5       116.0  
Brokerage Reporting Unit
    0.1       20.0  
    $ 609.5          


As a result of applying the first step of goodwill impairment testing to determine if potential goodwill impairment existed at June 30, 2010, Trust, Private Banking, and Brokerage, the three reporting units that comprise the Wealth Management segment, the Commercial Banking segment and the Capital Markets reporting unit “passed” (fair value exceeded the carrying amount) the first step of the goodwill impairment test on a preliminary basis. The National Consumer Banking reporting unit “failed” (the carrying amount exceeded the fair value) the first step of the goodwill impairment test at June 30, 2010 and was subjected to the second step of the goodwill impairment test.
 
The second step of the goodwill impairment test compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill.  The implied fair value of goodwill is determined in the same manner as the amount of goodwill recognized in a business combination.  The fair value of a reporting unit is allocated to all of the assets and liabilities of that unit (including any unrecognized intangible assets) as if the reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination and the fair value of the reporting unit was the price paid to acquire the reporting unit.  The fair value allocated to all of the assets and liabilities of that unit (including any unrecognized intangible assets) also requires significant judgment, especially for those assets and liabilities that are not measured on a recurring basis such as certain types of loans.  The excess of the fair value of the reporting unit over the amounts assigned to its assets and liabilities is the implied fair value of goodwill.  The Corporation believes the implied fair value of goodwill is significantly affected by unobservable inputs and would be categorized as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy.
 
The Corporation completed an evaluation of the second step of the process in order to determine if there was any goodwill impairment for the National Consumer Banking reporting unit.
 
The implied fair value of a reporting unit’s goodwill will generally increase if the fair value of its loans and leases is less than the carrying value of the reporting unit’s loans and leases.  The fair value of loans and leases was derived from the same discounted cash flow analysis as described in Note 3 – Fair Value Measurements in Notes to Financial Statements.
 
 
 
 
The stress in the national real estate markets, liquidity stress and current economic conditions have depressed prices buyers and sellers are paying and receiving for bank-related assets, especially loans and leases.  The Corporation’s allocation of the fair values to the assets and liabilities assigned to the National Consumer Banking reporting unit was less than its reported carrying values.  As a result, the Corporation concluded that it was not required to recognize any goodwill impairment.
 
There have been no events since the annual test at June 30, 2010 to indicate that it is more likely than not that the recorded goodwill had become impaired.  That determination was made after considering numerous qualitative and quantitative factors.  Qualitative factors included the following:  (1) the Corporation has not observed any trends that would indicate a material loss of customers, deposits or unanticipated loss in loans; (2) credit quality trends have remained relatively stable since June 30, 2010, when the annual test was performed; and (3) pre-tax, pre-provision income, a non-GAAP measure currently being tracked closely in banking, was relatively stable in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the second half of 2010, and the Corporation has not observed any trends that would indicate a material loss in pre-tax, pre-provision income.  Quantitatively, the Corporation updated the estimates of the fair value of the reporting units based on the total value, which includes a control premium, that was established when the Corporation and BMO announced that they had entered into a definitive merger agreement under which BMO will acquire all of the outstanding shares of common stock of the Corporation in a stock-for-stock transaction.
 
The results were that the Trust, Brokerage and Capital Markets reporting units continued to have significant excess fair value over book value.  The National Consumer reporting unit continued to show a deficiency, which was consistent with the conclusions reached in the annual test. The Commercial Banking segment and the Private Banking reporting unit indicated a small excess.  Updated estimated fair values of assets and liabilities and an updated estimate of the amount assigned to an unrecognized core deposit intangible were determined for each of the Commercial Banking segment and the Private Banking and the National Consumer reporting units. Based on those updated amounts the implied fair value of goodwill continued to be in excess over the allocated book value of goodwill.
 
Management expects the prevailing economic and difficult real estate market conditions will last through 2011 in many of the Corporation’s markets.  The Corporation’s pre-tax, pre-provision income was assumed to remain stable.  Credit related charges were assumed to gradually improve and be normalized by 2013.  Due to the current economic environment and the uncertainties regarding the impact on the Corporation’s reporting units, there can be no assurances that the Corporation’s estimates and assumptions regarding the duration of the economic recession, or the period or strength of recovery, made for purposes of the Corporation’s annual goodwill impairment test will prove to be accurate predictions of the future.  If the Corporation’s assumptions regarding credit quality trends, forecasted revenues or margin growth rates for certain reporting units are not achieved, the Corporation may be required to record additional goodwill impairment losses in future periods.  It is not possible at this time to determine if any such future impairment loss would result or, if it does, whether such charge would be material.

New Accounting Pronouncements

A discussion of new accounting pronouncements that are applicable to the Corporation and have been or will be adopted by the Corporation is included in Note 2 in Notes to Financial Statements contained in Item 1 herein.


ITEM 3.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The following updated information should be read in conjunction with the Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.  Updated information regarding the Corporation’s use of derivative financial instruments is contained in Note 11 – Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities in Notes to Financial Statements contained in Item 1 herein.

Market risk arises from exposure to changes in interest rates, exchange rates, commodity prices, and other relevant market rate or price risk.  The Corporation faces market risk through trading and other than trading activities.  While market risk that arises from trading activities, in the form of foreign exchange and interest rate risk, is immaterial to the Corporation, market risk from other than trading activities, in the form of interest rate risk, is measured and managed through a number of methods.
 
 

 
Interest Rate Risk
 
The Corporation uses financial modeling techniques to identify potential changes in income and market value under a variety of possible interest rate scenarios.  Financial institutions, by their nature, bear interest rate and liquidity risk as a necessary part of the business of managing financial assets and liabilities.  The Corporation has designed strategies to limit these risks within prudent parameters and identify appropriate risk/reward tradeoffs in the financial structure of the balance sheet.

The financial models identify the specific cash flows, repricing timing and embedded option characteristics of the assets and liabilities held by the Corporation.  The net change in net interest income in different market rate environments is the amount of earnings at risk.  The net change in the present value of the asset and liability cash flows in different market rate environments is the amount of market value at risk.  Policies are in place to assure that neither earnings nor market value at risk exceed appropriate limits.  The use of a limited array of derivative financial instruments has allowed the Corporation to achieve the desired balance sheet repricing structure while simultaneously meeting the desired objectives of both its borrowing and depositing customers.

The models used include measures of the expected repricing characteristics of administered rate (NOW, savings and money market accounts) and non-rate related products (demand deposit accounts, other assets and other liabilities).  These measures recognize the relative insensitivity of these accounts to changes in market interest rates, as demonstrated through current and historical experiences.  In addition to contractual payment information for most other assets and liabilities, the models also include estimates of expected prepayment characteristics for those items that are likely to materially change their cash flows in different rate environments, including residential mortgage products, certain commercial and commercial real estate loans and certain mortgage-related securities.  Estimates for these sensitivities are based on industry assessments and are substantially driven by the differential between the contractual coupon of the item and current market rates for similar products.

This information is incorporated into a model that projects future net interest income levels in several different interest rate environments.  Earnings at risk are calculated by modeling net interest income in an environment where rates remain constant, and comparing this result to net interest income in a different rate environment, and then expressing this difference as a percentage of net interest income for the succeeding 12 months.  Since future interest rate moves are difficult to predict, the following table presents two potential scenarios—a gradual increase of 100bp across the entire yield curve over the course of the year (+25bp per quarter), and a gradual decrease of 100bp across the entire yield curve over the course of the year (-25bp per quarter) for the balance sheet as of March 31, 2011:
 
Hypothetical Change in Interest Rates
 
Annual Impact
 
100 basis point gradual rise in rates
    0.2 %
100 basis point gradual decline in rates
    (2.5 ) %


These results are based solely on the modeled parallel changes in market rates, and do not reflect the earnings sensitivity that may arise from other factors such as changes in the shape of the yield curve and changes in spread between key market rates.  These results also do not include any management action to mitigate potential income variances within the simulation process.  Such action could potentially include, but would not be limited to, adjustments to the repricing characteristics of any on- or off-balance sheet item with regard to short-term rate projections and current market value assessments.

Actual results will differ from simulated results due to the timing, magnitude, and frequency of interest rate changes as well as changes in market conditions and management strategies.
 
 

 
Equity Risk
 
In addition to interest rate risk, the Corporation incurs market risk in the form of equity risk.  The Corporation invests directly and indirectly through investment funds, in private medium-sized companies to help establish new businesses or recapitalize existing ones.  These investments expose the Corporation to the change in equity values for the portfolio companies.  However, fair values are difficult to determine until an actual sale or liquidation transaction actually occurs.  At March 31, 2011, the carrying value of total private equity investments amounted to approximately $73.5 million.
 
At March 31, 2011, Wealth Management administered $136.2 billion in assets and directly managed $34.1 billion in assets.  Exposure exists to changes in equity values due to the fact that fee income is partially based on equity balances.  Quantification of this exposure is difficult due to the number of other variables affecting fee income.  Interest rate changes can also have an effect on fee income for the above-stated reasons.


ITEM 4.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

The Corporation maintains a set of disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by it in the reports filed by it under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), are recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Corporation in such reports is accumulated and communicated to the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.  The Corporation carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of its management, including its President and Chief Executive Officer and its Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15 of the Exchange Act.  Based on that evaluation, the President and Chief Executive Officer and the Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of the end of the period covered by this report for the purposes for which they are designed.

There have been no changes in the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation discussed above that occurred during the Corporation’s last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting.

 
 
 
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

Eight putative class action complaints have been filed in the Circuit Court of Milwaukee County, Wisconsin against the Corporation, its directors, and BMO challenging the merger:  Berens v. Marshall & Ilsley Corp., et al., Case No. 10CV021273 (filed Dec. 20, 2010); Ohlgart v. Marshall & Ilsley Corp., et al., Case No. 10CV021485 (filed Dec. 22, 2010); Sayeg v. Marshall & Ilsley Corp., et al., Case No. 10CV021622 (filed Dec. 22, 2010); Schindler v. Marshall & Ilsley Corp., et al., Case No. 10CV021528 (filed Dec. 27, 2010); Stadler v. Marshall & Ilsley Corp., et al., Case No. 10CV021676 (filed Dec. 28, 2010); Onwudebe v. Marshall & Ilsley Corp., et al., Case No. 10CV021742 (filed Dec. 28, 2010); Anthony v. Marshall & Ilsley Corp., et al., Case No. 11CV000338 (filed Jan. 6, 2011); and Drummond v. Marshall & Ilsley Corp., et al., Case No. 11CV000380 (filed Jan. 7, 2011).  Each of these complaints names the Corporation and the members of the Corporation’s board of directors as defendants and alleges that the Corporation’s directors breached their fiduciary duties to the Corporation’s shareholders by approving the merger following a flawed process that resulted in an unfair price to the Corporation’s shareholders.  The complaints also variously allege that the directors approved provisions in the merger agreement and the related stock option agreement that constitute impermissible deal protection devices and that certain officers and directors of the Corporation will receive personal benefits from the merger not shared in by other shareholders of the Corporation.  Each of the complaints except the Onwudebe action also names BMO as a defendant and alleges that BMO aided and abetted the alleged breach of fiduciary duty.  In addition, the Anthony action names Gregory A. Smith, the Corporation’s Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, as a defendant and alleges that Mr. Smith breached fiduciary duties to the Corporation’s shareholders.  On February 10, 2011, the Schindler and Sayeg plaintiffs filed amended complaints, and on February 14, 2011, the Berens plaintiff filed an amended complaint.  The amended complaints all add allegations that the registration statement on Form F-4 in connection with the pending merger contains materially misleading misrepresentations and/or omissions.  On April 6, 2011, the Wisconsin state court issued its order to consolidate the eight actions and appointed the counsel for the plaintiffs.
 
Two putative class actions challenging the merger have also been filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin:  Fruchter v. Marshall & Ilsley Corp., et al., No. 10-cv-01157 (filed Dec. 22, 2010), and Folisi v. Marshall & Ilsley Corp., et al., No. 11-cv-00025 (filed Jan. 11, 2011).  These complaints allege that the Corporation and its directors breached fiduciary duties to the Corporation’s shareholders by approving the merger following a flawed process that resulted in an unfair price to the Corporation’s shareholders and that the merger will result in personal benefits to certain directors and officers of the Corporation.  The complaints further allege that BMO aided and abetted these alleged breaches.  On March 15, 2011, the federal court consolidated the Fruchter and Folisi actions into a single proceeding.  An amended complaint was filed in the Folisi action on April 5, 2011 adding claims that allege inadequate disclosures regarding the merger agreement, the transactions contemplated thereby and the process leading up to the execution of the merger agreement and in the preliminary prospectus/proxy statement that are part of the registration statement on Form F-4.
 
All ten lawsuits seek, among other things, to enjoin completion of the merger and an award of costs and attorneys’ fees.  Certain of the actions also seek the imposition of a constructive trust for benefits allegedly improperly received by the defendants and/or an accounting of damages sustained as a result of the alleged breaches of fiduciary duty.
 
At this stage of the lawsuits described above, it is not possible for management of the Corporation to assess the probability of a material adverse outcome or reasonably estimate the amount of any potential loss at this time. The Corporation intends to vigorously defend these lawsuits.
 
In April 2010, two substantially identical putative class action lawsuits were filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin against the Corporation, the M&I Retirement Plan Investment Committee, and certain of the Corporation’s officers and directors.  The lawsuits were purportedly filed on behalf of M&I Retirement Program, three other retirement savings plans and a class of former and current participants in those plans, relating to the holdings of Corporation common stock during the period from November 10, 2006 to December 17, 2009.  The complaints, which were consolidated into a single complaint in July 2010, allege breaches of fiduciary duties in violation of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) relating to Corporation common stock being offered as an investment alternative for participants in the retirement plans and seek monetary damages.  At this early stage of the lawsuit, it is not possible for management of the Corporation to assess the probability of a material adverse outcome or reasonably estimate the amount of any potential loss at this time. The Corporation intends to vigorously defend this lawsuit.
 
 
 
 
In June 2010, M&I Bank was named as a defendant in a putative class action alleging that M&I Bank’s posting of debit card transactions is a breach of the implied obligation of good faith and fair dealing, is a breach of the Wisconsin Consumer Act, is unconscionable, constitutes conversion, and unjustly enriches the Corporation. The plaintiffs allege that the daily high to low postings of debit card entries, rather than chronological postings, results in excessive overdraft fees.  The plaintiffs seek to represent a nationwide class for all of the claims except that involving the Wisconsin Consumer Act, for which it seeks to represent a class of Wisconsin customers of M&I Bank. The lawsuit, while initially filed in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida, has been transferred for pretrial purposes in a multi-district litigation (“MDL”) proceeding in the Southern District of Florida, in which numerous other putative class actions against financial institutions asserting similar claims are pending.  The consolidation in the MDL is for pre-trial discovery and motion proceedings.  M&I Bank filed a motion to compel the two plaintiffs to arbitrate the dispute.  This motion was denied in an order dated April 7, 2011, and M&I Bank has appealed the order.  At this stage of the lawsuit, it is not possible for management of the Corporation to assess the probability of a material adverse outcome or reasonably estimate the amount of any potential loss at this time.  M&I Bank intends to vigorously defend this lawsuit.
 

ITEM 2.  UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.

The following table reflects the purchases of Marshall & Ilsley Corporation stock by the Corporation for the specified period:


               
Total Number
   
Maximum Number
 
               
of Shares
   
of Shares that
 
               
Purchased as
   
May Yet Be
 
   
Total Number
   
Average
   
Part of Publicly
   
Purchased
 
   
of Shares
   
Price Paid
   
Announced Plans
   
Under the Plans
 
   
Purchased (1)
   
per Share
   
or Programs
   
or Programs
 
January  1 to January 31, 2011
    10,050     $ 5.10       N/A       N/A  
February 1 to February 28, 2011
    11,776       6.98       N/A       N/A  
March 1 to March 31, 2011
    9,218       7.13       N/A       N/A  
Total
    31,044     $ 6.41       N/A          


 
(1)
Includes shares purchased by rabbi trusts pursuant to nonqualified deferred compensation plans.

In connection with the Corporation’s participation in the Capital Purchase Program (“CPP”), the consent of the United States Treasury will be required for the Corporation to repurchase its common stock other than in connection with benefit plans consistent with past practice and certain other specified circumstances.  See Item 2, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information regarding the CPP.

The Corporation’s Share Repurchase Program expired in April 2009 and was not reconfirmed.
 
 

 
ITEM 6.  EXHIBITS.


Exhibit Number
 
Description of Exhibit
     
11
 
Statement Regarding Computation of Earnings Per Common Share, Incorporated by Reference to Note 5 of Notes to Financial Statements contained in Item 1 - Financial Statements (Unaudited) of Part I - Financial Information herein.
     
12
 
Statement Regarding Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.
     
31(I)
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/Rule 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
     
31(II)
 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/Rule 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
     
32(I)
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
     
32(II)
 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
     
101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document*
     
101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document*
     
101.CAL
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document*
     
101.LAB
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document*
     
101.PRE
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document*
     
*
 
As provided in Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, this information shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to liability under these sections.



 
SIGNATURES



Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


MARSHALL & ILSLEY CORPORATION
(Registrant)



/s/ Patricia R. Justiliano
______________________________________
Patricia R. Justiliano
Senior Vice President and Corporate Controller
(Chief Accounting Officer)




/s/ James E. Sandy
______________________________________
James E. Sandy
Vice President




May 10, 2011

 

 
EXHIBIT INDEX


Exhibit Number
 
Description of Exhibit
     
 
Statement Regarding Computation of Earnings Per Common Share, Incorporated by Reference to Note 5 of Notes to Financial Statements contained in Item 1 - Financial Statements (Unaudited) of Part I - Financial Information herein.
     
12
 
Statement Regarding Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.
     
31(I)
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/Rule 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
     
31(II)
 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/Rule 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
     
32(I)
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
     
32(II)
 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
     
101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document*
     
101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document*
     
101.CAL
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document*
     
101.LAB
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document*
     
101.PRE
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document*
     
*
 
As provided in Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, this information shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to liability under these sections.


 
95